뗚27뻭ꆡ뗚6웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡNo16nomꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡVol127,2008쓪ꆡꆡ6퓂ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ벼ꆡ쫵ꆡ뺭ꆡ볃TechnologyEcoicsJune,2008훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆퇝뇤폫닺튵릲탔벼쫵뒴탂샮볍헤1,퇮횾룕2(1.쟥뮪듳톧벼쫵뒴탂퇐뺿훐탄,놱뺩100084;21쫗룖랢햹퇐뺿풺,놱뺩100082)햪ꆡ튪:20쫀볍90쓪듺틔살,훐맺룖쳺튵맦쒣톸쯙삩헅,벼쫵쮮욽쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ쯦ퟅ닺튵뗄랢햹,훐맺룖쳺튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂믺훆튲듓헾뢮훷떼ꆢ탐튵퇐뺿믺릹퇐랢ꆢ웳튵췆맣펦폃뗄쒣쪽쿲틔웳튵캪훷쳥뗄닺톧퇐뫏ퟷ쒣쪽ꆣ웤훐,맺볒뺭볃쳥훆ꆢ헾훎쳥훆ꆢ뿆퇐쳥훆룄룯뗄훆뛈놳뺰,탐튵맦쒣삩헅뫍뷡릹뇤뮯뛔웳튵뒴탂춶죫벤샸뗄퓶잿ퟷ폃,틔벰룖쳺튵벼쫵쳥훆ퟔ짭뗄쳘뗣,쫇틽웰헢훖뇤뮯뗄맘볼틲쯘ꆣ틔쫐뎡뮯쒣쪽퓚좫쟲랶캧쓚닎폫벼쫵뒴탂뫏ퟷ,헽돉캪훐맺룖쳺튵릲탔벼쫵뒴탂뗄탂쳘뗣,춬쪱,헢훖쒣쪽튲듸살쇋훘뢴틽뷸믲뒴탂춶죫킧싊뗍쿂뗄컊쳢ꆣ캪쇋놣돖닺튵뗄돖탸랢햹,훐맺룖쳺튵뮹탨튪뷢뻶탭뛠릲탔벼쫵ퟩ횯맜샭폫헾뢮ퟷ폃뗄컊쳢,죧뫎뒴탂닺튵릲탔벼쫵릩룸뫍삩즢믺훆,쫇탨튪뷸튻늽첽쯷뗄컊쳢ꆣ맘볼듊:룖쳺튵;벼쫵뒴탂;릲탔벼쫵;맘볼벼쫵훐춼럖샠뫅:F40612ꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:Aꆡꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:1002-980X(2008)06-0015-06ꆡꆡ20쫀볍90쓪듺틔살,훐맺룖쳺튵뺭샺쇋튻룶맻,튲쫇튻룶벼쫵늻뛏뷸늽뗄맽돌ꆣ퓚듋웚볤,컒맺뿬쯙랢햹뗄쪱웚,늻떫닺튵맦쒣톸쯙삩헅,뛸쟒짺닺룖쳺릤튵벼쫵뷸늽뗄맽돌,훷튪쫇튻룶늻뛏쳡룟짺ힰ놸늻뛏룼탂,닺욷뷡릹뗃떽폅뮯,벼쫵쮮욽쿔훸쳡닺쇷돌뗄솬탸탔ꆢ쳡룟솬탸ퟷ튵킧싊ꆢ붵뗍쓜뫄뫍돉룟ꆣ컒맺룖쳺튵퓚튻킩맘볼릲탔벼쫵짏뗄돉릦춻놾뗄맽돌ꆣ[1]웆,쫇횧돖룖쳺튵톸쯙돉뎤뗄훘튪풭틲ꆣ쯦ퟅ컒맺ퟔ20쫀볍90쓪듺틔살,훐맺룖쳺튵늻떫틑뺭뺭볃헾훎쳥훆룄룯뗄짮뮯뫍룖쳺탐튵ퟔ짭뗄랢햹,펵폐쇋탭뛠뻟폐맺볊쿈뷸쮮욽뗄벼쫵ힰ놸,뛸쟒튲룖쳺닺튵벼쫵뒴탂쳥쾵뫍릲탔벼쫵랢햹뗄믺훆헽퓚헆컕쇋탭뛠쿈뷸뗄닺욷뾪랢ꆢ짺닺릤틕뫍뷚쓜뮷놣랢짺뇤뮯ꆣ벼쫵ꆣ폫듋춬쪱,훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵뒴탂뗄믺훆쳘뇰쫇릲탔벼쫵뗄뒴탂믺훆튲랢짺쇋쿔훸뇤뮯ꆣ1ꆡ훐맺룖쳺튵뗄랢햹폫벼쫵뷸늽2ꆡ훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뗄뇤뮯1990쓪,컒맺뗄듖룖닺솿횻폐6535췲뛖,캻뻓죕놾ꆢ쏀맺횮뫳ꆣ1996쓪듯떽쇋10124췲뛖,뾪쪼20쫀볍90쓪듺훐웚틔잰,컒맺룖쳺튵뗄벼쫵풾뻓쫀뷧쫗캻ꆣ2007쓪컒맺뗄룖닺솿퓶볓떽쇋뒴탂,폈웤쫇릲탔벼쫵뗄뒴탂믺훆,훷튪닉폃쇋헾뢮48924췲뛖,뇈쫀뷧업쏻뗚2떽뗚8쏻맺볒뗄ퟜ솿훷떼랽쿲ꆢ탐튵퇐뺿믺릹퇐랢ꆢ웳튵벼쫵룄퓬펦폃뗄횮뫍뮹뛠(죕놾12020췲뛖ꆢ쏀맺9721췲뛖ꆢ뛭싞쮹쒣쪽ꆣ쯦ퟅ컒맺뺭볃ꆢ헾훎ꆢ뿆퇐쳥훆룄룯뗄짮뮯뫍7222췲뛖ꆢ펡뛈5308췲뛖ꆢ몫맺5137췲뛖ꆢ뗂맺룖쳺탐튵ퟔ짭뗄랢햹,웳튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂쓜솦쿔훸퓶4855췲뛖ꆢ컚뿋삼4283췲뛖,뫏볆48546췲뛖)ꆣ잿,헾뢮퓚벼쫵뒴탂훐뗄ퟩ횯ퟷ폃훰붥죵뮯,훐맺룖2007쓪,컒맺쓪닺룖2000췲뛖틔짏뗄웳튵평2볒쳺튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂믺훆틔벰릲탔벼쫵뗄뒴탂훰붥퇝뇤퓶볓떽5볒ꆣꋙ돉웳튵훷떼ꆢ닺톧퇐뫏ퟷ뗄쒣쪽ꆣ훐맺룖쳺튵뗄뿬쯙랢햹늻떫쫇춶퓶볓뗄뷡211ꆡ헾뢮훷떼랽쿲ꆢ뿆퇐믺릹퇐랢ꆢ웳튵췆맣펦폃쫕룥죕웚:2008-05-08믹뷰쿮쒿:맺볒ퟔ좻뿆톧믹뷰쿮쒿(70573061)ꆢ놱뺩쫐뿆캯죭뿆톧퇐뺿쿮쒿훺ퟷ헟볲뷩:샮볍헤(1974ꆪ),쓐,뫾놱믆룔죋,쟥뮪듳톧뺭볃맜샭톧풺뢱뷌쫚,늩쪿,퇐뺿랽쿲:벼쫵뒴탂맜샭ꆢ뿆벼헾닟ꆢ쿮쒿맜샭;퇮횾룕(1972ꆪ),쓐,뫓놱몪떦죋,쫗룖랢햹퇐뺿풺,늩쪿,퇐뺿랽쿲:벼쫵뒴탂ꆢ탅쾢뮯ꆣꆡꆡꋙ틔짏쫽뻝살풴폚훐맺룖쳺릤튵킭믡췸햾(www1chinaisa1org1cn),2008쓪4퓂ꆣ15
벼쫵뺭볃ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뗚27뻭ꆡ뗚6웚뗄벼쫵뒴탂믺훆캻폐100폠볒,틀췐웳튵30볒ꆣꆰ뻅컥ꆱ웚볤쇐죫맺볒20쫀볍90쓪듺,훐맺룖쳺튵쿈뫳춻웆쇋6룶뿆벼릥맘쿮쒿뗄룖쳺릲탔벼쫵볻뇭1[4]ꆣ랽쏦뗄맘볼릲탔벼쫵,벴솬훽벼쫵ꆢ룟슯엧뒵쎺럛벼뇭1ꆡꆰ뻅컥ꆱ웚볤쇐죫맺볒뿆벼릥맘쿮쒿뗄룖쳺릲탔벼쫵쫵ꆢ룟슯튻듺슯틛뎤쫙벼쫵ꆢ냴쿟닄솬퓾벼쫵ꆢ슯탲뫅ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ쿮쒿쏻돆쫇럱릲탔벼쫵붦퓼뮤슯벼쫵ꆢ쇷돌ퟛ뫏뷚쓜벼쫵[2]ꆣ헢킩맘볼릲1놡냥엷솬훽솬퓾벼쫵뾪랢펦폃(95-523)쫇탔벼쫵뗄춻웆뫍췆맣펦폃,뛔훐맺룖쳺튵룄뷸짺닺뫏뷰룖뎤탍닄탂릤틕쇷돌벼쫵뾪랢퇐뺿2쫇(95-524)맽돌뗄솬탸탔ꆢ쳡룟ퟷ튵킧싊뫍닺욷욷훊ꆢ폅뮯웳튵3룟킧솬훽벼쫵퇐뺿(95-525)쫇뷡릹뫍닺튵뷡릹닺짺쇋훘튪뗄펰쿬,횱뷓듙뷸쇋훐4룟킧톡뿳ퟛ뫏벼쫵퇐뺿(95-526)쫇맺룖쳺튵뗄뿬쯙랢햹ꆣ헢킩맘볼릲탔벼쫵뗄뒴탂뛠5뷎뎵폃룖욷훖벰릤틕퇐뺿뾪랢(95-527)쫇쓑뒦샭(닉ꆢ톡ꆢ튱)뷰뿳풴뾪랢샻폃벼쫵쫇틔탐튵훷맜늿쏅좷뚨벼쫵랽쿲ꆢ맺볒훺ꆢ탐튵퇐6퇐뺿쫇(96-521)뺿믺릹돐떣뿆퇐죎컱뗄벼쫵릥맘탎쪽뾪햹,쿈퓚짙7쳘훖쓍믰닄쇏훆욷뾪랢(96-522)쫇쫽웳튵뷸탐벼쫵쫔뗣엊횦뮨풴ퟛ뫏샻폃벼쫵퇐뺿뾪랢(97-,퓙평탐튵훷맜늿쏅듳맦쒣ퟩ8늿럖쫇123)횯짺닺웳튵틔벼쫵룄퓬뗄탎쪽뛔좡뗃춻웆뗄벼쫵뷸9뎤쫙룟킧룟슯ퟛ뫏벼쫵(97-225)쫇탐췆맣펦폃[3]ꆣ룖쳺릤튵ퟛ뫏ퟔ뚯뮯맘볼벼쫵퇐뺿벰쪾랶10틔룟슯엧쎺벼쫵캪샽ꆣ20쫀볍90쓪듺돵릤돌쫇(97-562),컒맺풭튱뷰늿뫍룖쳺퇐뺿ퟜ풺쳡돶쇋틔ꆰ퇵쎺잿뮯솶11잧뛖벶럇뺧듸닄벰훆욷뾪랢(96-A09)쫇ꆡꆡ쇏살풴:쎩틦쏷1훐맺룖쳺닺튵릲탔벼쫵랢햹퇐뺿[D]1놱쳺ꆱ캪훷뗄ꆰ냋컥ꆱ룟슯엧쎺릥맘쿮쒿,풭튱뷰늿뢺퓰뺩:쟥뮪듳톧뺭맜톧풺,20051쿮쒿뗄쪵쪩힢:6듳맘볼릲탔벼쫵훐뗄5쿮냼몬퓚짏쫶쿮쒿훐ꆣ뇭1훐뗄1,퇐뺿뺭럑훷튪살ퟔ맺볒늦뿮ꆣ룖쳺퇐뺿ퟜ풺쫇쿮쒿뗄훷튪돐떣떥캻,닎폫떥캻뮹폐룖쳺훁10쿮평풭맺볒볆캯솢쿮,뗚11쿮평풭맺볒뿆캯솢쿮ꆣ짨볆ퟜ풺ꆢ놱뺩뿆벼듳톧틔벰낰룖ꆢ냼룖벰쳬뷲쳺뎧ꆡꆡퟷ캪훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵횪쪶훘튪살풴뫍훷튪퇐랢뗈틀췐떥캻ꆣퟷ캪쳡룟엧쎺솿뗄쫔뗣웳튵,낰룖릲솦솿뗄훐맺룖쳺퇐뺿ퟜ풺,퓸틔잣춷떥캻뗄짭럝닎춶죫쇋9753췲풪폃폚룟슯엧쎺뗄벼쫵룄퓬ꆣ볓쇋룟슯엧쎺벼쫵ꆢ룟킧랽엷솬훽벼쫵ꆢ슯붦퓼뮤룟슯엧쎺릥맘쿮쒿럖캪죴룉ퟓ뿎쳢,쿂쏦폖퓙슯벼쫵뗈맘볼릲탔벼쫵뗄퇐랢뫍쾵춳벯돉,죧뇭2럖뛠룶쳢,쎿쿮쳢폐뢺퓰떥캻뫍닎볓떥캻,짨뚨쯹쪾ꆣ헢킩벼쫵퓚탭뛠룖쳺웳튵뗃떽쇋췆맣펦폃ꆣ뷗뛎탔쒿뇪뫍훕웚쒿뇪,좷뚨쎿쓪뗄볆뮮뫍죎컱ꆣ뇭2ꆡ룖쳺퇐뺿ퟜ풺닎폫퇐랢뫍췆맣뗄늿럖릲탔벼쫵쎿룶벼쫵맘볼뗣쫗쿈퓚룷ퟔ뗄쪵퇩쫒췪돉킡탍쫔퇩릲탔벼쫵췆맣쫽솿듺뇭웳튵뫍떥듎쫔퇩킡쟲췅징뷡램20뛠볒쳆룖ꆢ쫗룖뿳즽릫쮾뗈,룷떥캻낲업뫃볆뮮뷸뛈,ퟮ뫳뷸죫릤튵탔ퟩힰ쫔퇩,평룖쳺퇐뺿ퟜ풺쳡돶쪵쪩랽낸솬탸죈뛆킿30뛠볒볃룖ꆢ뫣춨ꆢ믆쪯뗈,쫔뗣웳룟슯엧쎺30볒낰룖ꆢ커룖뗈튵뢺퓰횴탐쿖뎡쫔퇩ꆣퟮ뫳ꆰ,냋컥ꆱ룟슯엧쎺릥맘룟킧솬훽14볒쫗룖ꆢ첫룖뗈쿮쒿뗃떽쇋틔9쿮맘볼릲탔벼쫵캪훷쳥뗄돉쳗벼붦퓼뮤슯10볒볃룖ꆢ춨룖뗈쫵ꆣꆡꆡ쇏살풴:쎩틦쏷1훐맺룖쳺닺튵릲탔벼쫵랢햹퇐뺿[D]1놱풭튱뷰늿ퟷ캪탐튵맜샭늿쏅뛔췆뷸룟슯엧쎺뗄뺩:쟥뮪듳톧뺭맜톧풺,20051췆맣펦폃웰떽쇋쪮럖훘튪뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ1995쓪5퓂,풭212ꆡ웳튵훷떼ꆢ닺톧퇐뫏ퟷ뗄닺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆튱뷰늿퓚첫룖ퟩ횯헙뾪쇋룟슯엧쎺벰솶쳺릤ퟷ믡쯦ퟅ훐맺룖쳺튵뗄웳튵맦쒣뫍벼쫵쓜솦뗄돉틩,쳡돶쇋샻폃릥맘뫍벼쫵룄퓬뷡뫏뗄듫쪩,늢낲업뎤,닺튵벼쫵뒴탂뗄믺훆튲랢짺쇋뇤뮯ꆣ튻킩듳탍뷰뷸탐벼쫵췆맣ꆣ1995쓪퓚쯕훝헙뾪뗄룟슯엧웳튵릹붨웰쇋쿠뛔췪짆뗄벼쫵뒴탂쳥쾵,늢랢햹웰쎺벰솶쳺릤ퟷ믡틩짏,뷸튻늽잿뗷쇋룟슯엧쎺뗄훘뷏캪잿듳뗄벼쫵뒴탂쓜솦ꆣ헢킩웳튵뗄벼쫵횪쪶믽튪탔,믽벫췆뷸헢튻벼쫵퓚웳튵톸쯙췆맣펦폃ꆣ퓚샛죕틦퓶뛠,벼쫵쯑쯷뫍볠닢뗄쫓튰틑뺭삩햹떽좫탐튵훷맜늿쏅뗄췆뚯쿂,룟슯엧쎺벼쫵뫜뿬퓚맺쓚쟲랶캧ꆣ훐맺룖쳺튵헽퓚탎돉틔웳튵캪훷쳥ꆢ닺톧룖쳺튵뗃떽삩즢ꆣ2003쓪,좫맺욽뻹엧쎺듯110ꆫ퇐뫏ퟷ뗄벼쫵뒴탂믺훆ꆣ120잧뿋쎺/뛖쳺,듯떽쇋맺볊욽뻹쮮욽ꆣ붨솢웳튵벼쫵훐탄쫇컒맺캪붨솢틔웳튵캪훷쳥ꆰ뻅컥ꆱ웚볤,컒맺풭튱뷰늿톡좡쇋11쿮훘듳벼쫵뗄벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뛸뾪햹뗄훆뛈뒴탂첽쯷ꆣ1994쓪,쇐죫쇋맺볒뿆벼릥맘볆뮮,릲춶죫뷰8183틚,웤훐맺풭맺볒뺭쎳캯뗈폐맘늿캯뾪쪼뷸탐맺볒죏뚨웳튵볒볆뮮늦뿮11502틚,돐떣떥캻ퟔ돯71328틚,닎볓떥(벯췅)벼쫵훐탄뗄릤ퟷꆣ떽2007쓪8퓂,퓚438볒16
ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ샮볍헤뗈:훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆퇝뇤폫닺튵릲탔벼쫵뒴탂맺볒죏뚨웳튵벼쫵훐탄훐폐20볒쫴폚룖쳺탐튵ꆣ업탲ꆣ뇭3캪2007쓪컒맺룖쳺웳튵벼쫵훐탄움볛뷡맻벰뇭3ꆡ2007쓪컒맺룖쳺웳튵벼쫵훐탄움볛탐튵업탲웳튵쏻돆뗃럖좫맺업탲뿆퇐믮뚯뺭럑횧돶랢쏷샻펵폐솿맺볒죏뚨벼쫵(췲풪)(쿮)훐탄쓪럝1짏몣놦룖벯췅릫쮾9311274951126619942첫풭룖쳺(벯췅)폐쿞릫쮾911842583092619963쫗룖ퟜ릫쮾911372249962819954커몺룖쳺(벯췅)릫쮾8813132341955719935쳬뷲룖맜벯췅폐쿞릫쮾8610247209019956낰즽룖쳺벯췅릫쮾8313512463622119947맣훝룖쳺웳튵벯췅폐쿞릫쮾8217584437020068엊횦뮨룖쳺(벯췅)릫쮾8215641020334319949뻆좪룖쳺(벯췅)폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾801497108037200610볃쓏룖쳺벯췅ퟜ릫쮾8010101191475200011놾쾪룖쳺(벯췅)폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾7919104107753200112탂탋훽맜벯췅폐쿞릫쮾781612686357199613쳆즽룖쳺벯췅폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾7813135115223200214냼춷룖쳺(벯췅)폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾771614877940199515듳튱쳘쫢룖막럝폐쿞릫쮾7411242199416십낰즽룖쳺막럝폐쿞릫쮾7313259179213200117탂폠룖쳺폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾731027083031200618훘쟬룖쳺(벯췅)폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾7310272199719뢧쮳쳘쫢룖(벯췅)폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾6815365199320붭틵탋돎쳘훖룖쳺폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾6619385690802004ꆡꆡ쇏살풴:룹뻝2007쓪8퓂맺볒랢룄캯랢늼뗄뛔좫맺438볒맺볒죏뚨웳튵벼쫵훐탄뗄움볛벰샺쓪맺볒죏뚨웳튵벼쫵훐탄쏻떥헻샭뛸뗃ꆣ힢:뿆퇐믮뚯뺭럑캪좫맺잰100쏻웳튵뗄쫽뻝;랢쏷샻펵폐솿캪잰50쏻웳튵뗄쫽뻝ꆣꆡꆡ2007쓪9퓂,몪떦룖쳺벯췅폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾ꆢ뚫죫뗄3%ꆣ뺭맽늻뛏얬솦,놦룖틑펵폐쇋ꆰ룟슯엧쎺놱쳘쫢룖벯췅폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾ꆢ붭쯕즳룖벯췅폐쿞릫벼쫵ꆱꆰꆢ뗍돉놾엤쎺엤뿳벼쫵ꆱ뗈듯떽쫀뷧쿈뷸쮮욽쮾ꆢ낲퇴룖쳺벯췅폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾뗈4볒룖쳺웳튵뗄뗄벼쫵뫍ꆰ좫쟢헖쪽슯벼쫵ꆱꆢꆰRH뺫솶돉쳗ힰ놸벼벼쫵훐탄폖죫톡쇋뗚14엺맺볒죏뚨뗄웳튵(벯췅)쫵ꆱꆰꆢ맶춲쪽룖퓼뒦샭벼쫵ꆱꆢꆰPBCퟔ탐쪽엧늹믺ꆱ벼쫵훐탄ꆣ뗈ퟔ훷횪쪶닺좨뗄벼쫵ꆣ뷼벸쓪,놦룖뗄샻짪쟫헢킩웳튵늻뛏볓듳뿆퇐믮뚯뗄춶죫쮮욽,췪짆솿쎿쓪틔뎬맽20%뗄럹뛈퓶뎤ꆣ떽2006짏냫쓪,웤벼쫵뒴탂쳥쾵,좡뗃쇋탭뛠벼쫵뒴탂돉맻ꆣ샽죧,놦룖틑샛볆짪쟫샻2772볾,짳뚨웳튵벼쫵쏘쏜퓚틽뷸벼쫵믹뒡짏붨솢웰살뗄놦룖,춨맽훰붥췪짆5837쿮ꆣ떽2006쓪뗗,놦룖샻쫚좨샛볆틑듯닺톧퇐튻쳥뮯뗄벼쫵뒴탂쳥쾵ꆢ늻뛏볓듳벼쫵뒴탂1832볾,웤훐랢쏷샻311볾,샻쫚좨ퟜ솿캻뻓춶죫,틑뺭랢햹웰쇋뷏캪잿듳뗄ퟔ훷뒴탂쓜솦,늢탎맺쓚웳튵뗚웟ꆢ탐튵뗚튻ꆣ[5]돉쇋튻엺펵폐ퟔ훷횪쪶닺좨뗄뫋탄벼쫵ꆣퟷ캪탐튵쇬쿈뗄웳튵,놦룖뮹춶죫풴뾪햹쇋1994쓪11퓂,놦룖벼쫵훐탄뻍놻죏뚨캪맺볒닺튵릲탔벼쫵뗄퇐랢[5]ꆣ2000쓪,놦룖쏅짨솢쇋벶웳튵벼쫵훐탄,1999쓪돉솢쇋놦룖퇐뺿풺(벼쫵ꆰ뿆벼랢햹쿮뺭럑ꆱ,폃폚횧돖뎬잰ꆢ릲탔ꆢ뿉돖탸훐탄),뚨캻캪룟닣듎ꆢ룟쮮욽ꆢ뛠톧뿆ꆢ뛠릦쓜ꆢ뾪럅랢햹벼쫵뗄뾪랢,쿈뫳웴뚯쇋ꆰ놡듸솬훽ꆱ뗈50뛠쿮탍뗄퇐뺿뾪랢뫍돉맻펦폃튻쳥뮯뗄쫀뷧튻쇷퇐뺿뾪훘뗣뿆퇐쿮쒿ꆣ쒿잰,놦룖퓚놡듸솬훽ꆢ럇룟슯튱솶랢믹뗘ꆣ2005쓪,룃퇐뺿풺틑펵폐300뛠쏻벼쫵뾪벼쫵ꆢ뗧듅튱뷰벼쫵ꆢ쓉쏗벼쫵ꆢ럂헦벼쫵ꆢ뛾뛱펢럀랢죋풱,웤훐늩쪿ꆢ쮶쪿햼뿆퇐죋풱뗄뇈샽듯떽쇋훎벼쫵뗈벼쫵쇬폲틑좡뗃뷗뛎탔뷸햹,뻖늿쪵쿖춻40%틔짏ꆣ놦룖뮹훰늽탎돉쇋틔퇐뺿풺캪뫋탄,룷웆ꆣ럖릫쮾ꆢퟓ릫쮾벼쫵훐탄뫍룟킣벰짧믡퇐뺿믺릹릹탭뛠룖쳺웳튵퓚뾪햹벼쫵뒴탂믮뚯,폈웤쫇짦돉뗄ꆰ죽캻튻쳥ꆱ벼쫵뒴탂쳥쾵ꆣ벰탭뛠횪쪶뒴퓬뗄믹뒡퇐랢뫍펦폃퇐랢믮뚯쪱,죔1999쓪훁2005쓪볤,놦룖릲뾪햹쇋3100뛠쿮훷뚯톰쟳폫탐튵퇐뺿믺릹ꆢ룟뗈풺킣뗈붨솢웰닺톧뿆퇐쿮쒿,벼쫵뒴탂춶죫뇈싊솬탸죽쓪뎬맽쿺쫛쫕퇐뫏ퟷ뗄맘쾵ꆣ웳튵뛔뛀솢뿆퇐풺쯹뫍룟뗈풺킣뗄17
벼쫵뺭볃ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뗚27뻭ꆡ뗚6웚퇐뺿뺭럑횧돶뿬쯙퓶볓,듓2002쓪떽2004쓪,룖쳺311ꆡ훆뛈뇤룯뛔닺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뗄펰쿬웳튵뛔탐튵뿆퇐풺쯹뫍룟킣뗄퇐뺿뺭럑횧돶듓쯦ퟅ뺭볃쳥훆룄룯뷸돌뗄짮뮯,웳튵훰붥돉캪2193틚풪톸쯙퓶볓떽쇋6191틚풪[6]ꆣ샽죧,놦룖쫐뎡뺭볃훐뗄샻틦훷쳥,춨맽쫐뎡뷸탐뺺헹뗄믺훆쿈뫳폫뚫놱듳톧릲붨쇋ꆰEPM솪뫏퇐뺿닄쇏뗧듅맽훰붥잿뮯ꆣ훚뛠웳튵틢쪶떽,벼쫵늻떫쫇짺닺솦,뛸돌쪵퇩쫒ꆱ,폫짏몣붻춨듳톧릲붨쇋ꆰ웻뎵냥쪹폃벼쟒뮹쫇펮뗃닺욷쫐뎡뺺헹폅쫆뗄훘튪살풴,짵훁붫쫵솪뫏퇐뺿쫒ꆱ,폫짏몣붻춨듳톧ꆢ룖쳺퇐뺿ퟜ풺뗈돉캪퓚탐튵헻뫏훐좡뗃잿쫆뗘캻뗄훘튪놾ꆣ틲떥캻뫏ퟷퟩ붨쇋쓉쏗벰쿈뷸룖쳺닄쇏맺볒릤돌퇐뺿듋,맽좥룖뎧횮볤춨맽쏢럑뗄벼쫵뺭퇩붻쇷탎돉벼훐탄;늢믽벫틽떼뫍췆뷸뿆벼햽싔솪쏋뫏ퟷ쒣쪽,폫쫵삩즢뗄믺훆늻뢴듦퓚,룖쳺웳튵횮볤죕틦퇏룱뗄짏몣붻춨듳톧ꆢ뚫놱듳톧잩뚩쇋뎤웚뫏ퟷ킭틩;돤럖벼쫵놣쏜맟샽틑뺭탎돉ꆣ쯦ퟅ웳튵샻틦훷쳥뗘캻뗄샻폃킣웳뫏ퟷ,엠폽뒴탂죋닅,늻뛏첽쯷닺톧퇐뫏ퟷ쏷좷,릲탔벼쫵튲늻퓙쫇펰쿬웳튵뺭펪벨킧뗄췢짺탂쒣쪽ꆣ2000쓪,놦룖폫맺볒ퟔ좻뿆톧믹뷰캯솪뫏뇤솿,뛸쫇쓚뮯캪웳튵뺭펪뫍뻶닟뗄튻룶쓚짺뇤솿ꆣ짨솢쇋쏦쿲좫맺뗄ꆰ룖쳺솪뫏퇐뺿믹뷰ꆱ,횧돖룖쳺쯦ퟅ헾훎쳥훆룄룯뗄짮뮯,탐튵맜샭늿쏅뛔닺튵탐튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂,떽2006쓪틑뺭훺쇋138룶쿮벼쫵뒴탂뷸탐ퟩ횯뫍맜샭뗄ퟷ폃훰붥죵뮯ꆣ1999쓪,쒿[5]ꆣ쯦ퟅ웳튵뺭볃쪵솦뫍벼쫵뒴탂쓜솦뗄퓶잿,ퟷ캪룖쳺탐튵훷맜늿쏅뗄튱뷰릤튵늿뎷쿻,퓚맺볒뺭컒맺룖쳺탐튵틔웳튵캪훷쳥ꆢ닺톧퇐뫏ퟷ뗄벼쫵뒴쎳캯짨솢쇋튱뷰릤튵뻖,2001쓪튱뷰릤튵뻖놻좫맺탂믺훆헽퓚탎돉,춬쪱맺쓚룖쳺웳튵뮹뾪햹쇋좫쟲탔뗄탐튵ퟩ횯ꆪꆪꆪ훐맺룖쳺릤튵킭믡쯹좡듺,훐맺탔뗄벼쫵ힷퟙ폫뫏ퟷꆣ샽죧,놦룖틑뺭폫쏀ꆢ뗂ꆢ펢ꆢ룖쳺릤튵킭믡틔탐튵춳볆ꆢ뗷닩퇐뺿ꆢ탅쾢럾컱ꆢ쓚죕ꆢ몫ꆢ죰뗤ꆢ뇈샻쪱뗈맺볒뗄훚뛠룟킣ꆢ퇐뺿믺릹뫍췢붻쇷뗈캪훷튪횰쓜ꆣ퓚듋맽돌훐,컞싛쫇퓚벼쫵웳튵붨솢웰쇋뫏ퟷ맘쾵ꆣ퇐랢뗄떼쿲짏,뮹쫇퓚벼쫵췆맣뗄ퟩ횯짏,헾뢮훷맜폫웳튵벼쫵뒴탂춶죫퓶볓탎돉뛔헕뗄쫇,헾뢮늿쏅뗄ퟷ폃뚼훰붥죵뮯ꆣ훺뗄룖쳺닺튵벼쫵뒴탂춶죫뇈훘쏷쿔붵뗍ꆣ2004룖쳺탐튵벼쫵뒴탂쳥훆뗄뇤룯폫맺볒헻쳥뗄뿆쓪,컒맺듳탍룖쳺웳튵뿆벼믮뚯뺭럑돯벯ퟜ뛮캪퇐쳥훆룄룯쫇춬웚뷸탐뗄ꆣ룄훆잰,탐튵뿆퇐믺릹225133틚풪,웤훐웳튵뷰캪209156틚풪,헾뢮ퟷ캪탐튵벼쫵횪쪶뗄짺닺헟,웤뗘캻뫍ퟷ폃쫇평훆훺뗄뷰횻폐1116틚풪,횻햼좫탐튵뿆벼믮뚯뺭럑뛈뻶뚨뗄,떱쪱뗄닺톧퇐뫏ퟷ훷튪쫇평뿆퇐믺릹떽춶죫뗄015%[6]ꆣ웳튵뗄떥쿲횪쪶쇷뚯,헢튲쫇탐튵뿆퇐믺릹ퟷ캪닺퓚룖쳺웳튵벼쫵쓜솦돉뎤뗄춬쪱,뒫춳뗄탐튵튵릲탔벼쫵퇐랢훷쳥뗄훆뛈놳뺰ꆣ1999쓪,룖쳺퇐퇐뺿믺릹쯤좻ퟔ짭튲뗃떽쇋랢햹,떫퓚릲탔벼쫵퇐뺿ퟜ풺돉캪ퟮ퓧쪵쪩뿆퇐풺쯹훆뗄12볒닺튵뿆랢릩룸뫍삩즢췆맣맽돌훐뗄ퟷ폃훰붥죵뮯ꆣ틔룖쳺퇐믺릹횮튻,훆돉캪듳탍뿆벼탍웳튵,닺튵풺쯹뗄퇐뺿ퟜ풺캪샽,쯤좻뷼쓪살퇐뺿뺭럑죔퓚늻뛏퓶뎤,쳥훆룄룯쪹웤쯹듓쫂뗄릤ퟷ늻퓙틔릲탔벼쫵뗄퇐뺿떫뿆퇐쿮쒿뛠돊쿖돶킡탍뮯ꆢ럖즢뮯뗄쟷쫆ꆣ뒫춳뾪랢캪훷,뛸쫇쿲틔펦폃벼쫵뫍뺺헹벼쫵뗄퇐랢뗄듳탍닺튵릲탔벼쫵쿮쒿풽살풽짙,헹좡뗄쓑뛈풽캪훷ꆣ[7]살풽듳ꆣ닺튵릲탔벼쫵뗄퇐뺿뺭럑훷튪살ퟔ맺볒312ꆡ룖쳺닺튵ퟔ짭랢햹뛔닺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뗄펰훺뗄ퟝ쿲뿎쳢뺭럑,헢늿럖뺭럑컞싛쫇뻸뛔뛮짏ꆢ뮹쿬쫇쿠뛔쫽솿짏(죧웤햼룖쳺퇐뺿풺ퟜ쫕죫뗄뇈샽)뚼룖쳺닺튵ퟔ짭뗄랢햹뫍탐튵뷡릹뗄뇤뮯,쫇떼퓚붵뗍[7]ꆣ훂닺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆랢햹뇤뮯뗄쇭튻훘튪펰쿬틲쯘ꆣ쯦ퟅ닺튵맦쒣뗄톸쯙엲헍,훐맺룖쳺튵헽퓚듓3ꆡ훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뇤뮯뗄펰쿬틲쯘릩룸늻ퟣ뷸죫떽ퟜ솿쿠뛔맽쪣뗄쓪듺,뗍돉놾뺺헹뗄랢햹쒣쪽늻뿉쓜퇓탸쿂좥,닺튵뷡릹짽벶튪쟳죕ꆡꆡ훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뗄뇤뮯쫇폫컒맺헻틦웈쟐,탐튵헻뫏훘ퟩ튲쫇쫆쯹뇘좻ꆣ룶뗄룄룯뾪럅뷸돌쿠펦랢짺뗄ꆣ웤훐,볈폐뺭볃쳥쯦ퟅ솬훽ꆢ솬퓾뗈릲탔벼쫵퓚룖쳺탐튵뗄맣랺훆룄룯ꆢ헾뢮믺릹룄룯뫍뿆퇐쳥훆룄룯뗈맽돌뗄펰펦폃,룖쳺짺닺쇷돌솬탸탔늻뛏쳡룟,튲듙뷸쇋룖뎧쿬,튲폐룖쳺튵ퟔ짭랢햹뫍탐튵뷡릹뇤룯뗄펰쿬ꆣ맦쒣뗄삩듳ꆣ웳튵맦쒣뗄삩듳삭뷴쇋웳튵볤뗄뺺헹듋췢,룖쳺튵ퟔ짭뗄벼쫵쳘탔튲뛔벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뗄뇟뷧ꆣ룖쳺탐튵뗄쇭튻훘튪뇤뮯쫇듳솿훐킡탍쏱펪뇤뮯랢짺ퟅ쓚퓚펰쿬ꆣ룖쳺웳튵뗄돶쿖ꆣ뺡맜맺폐듳탍웳튵뗄맦쒣톸쯙삩18
ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ샮볍헤뗈:훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆퇝뇤폫닺튵릲탔벼쫵뒴탂듳,떫헻룶탐튵뗄벯훐뛈좴쳡룟짵짙ꆣ웳튵틑럗럗춶폚럇룟슯솶쳺벼쫵뗄퇐랢ꆣ룖쳺튵맦쒣뗄삩헅뫍웳튵쫽솿뗄퓶볓볓뻧쇋웳뇊헟죏캪,맺쓚웳튵뛔폚릲탔벼쫵뒴탂뗄닎폫튵돉놾뺺헹뗄톹솦,튻킩듳탍룖쳺웳튵춨맽닺욷뷡돌뛈,늻쫇좡뻶폚벤샸,뛸쫇좡뻶폚훆뛈뫍쓜솦,벴릹짽벶훰붥틆떽룟뛋쫐뎡짏틔믱좡탂뗄뺺헹폅룖쳺튵릲탔벼쫵릩룸뗄쫐뎡쪧쇩훷튪늻쫇살풴폚벼쫆,헢컞틉탨튪룼잿뗄벼쫵쓜솦횧독ꆣ벼쫵퓚쫐뎡쫵쪧쇩,뛸쫇살풴폚ퟩ횯쪧쇩,쫇평폚샺쪷풭틲떼훂뺺헹훐뗄ퟷ폃늻뛏놻잿뮯,벼쫵ퟷ캪튻훖뺺헹탔뗄웳튵좱랦ퟣ릻뺭볃쪵솦뫍벼쫵쓜솦퓬돉뗄뷡맻ꆣ풴뗄훘튪탔죕틦쿔쿖ꆣ헢튲쫇탭뛠룖쳺웳튵늻뛏췪퓚헢훖쳵볾쿂,헾뢮훷떼뗄릲탔벼쫵릩룸쒣쪽쫇튻짆믹폚ퟔ짭퇐랢솦솿뗄벼쫵뒴탂쳥쾵ꆢ쳡룟ퟔ훷뒴훖뫏쫊뗄랽쪽ꆣ좻뛸,쯦ퟅ웳튵쓜솦뗄퓶잿,릲탔벼탂쓜솦뗄훘튪풭틲ꆣ쫵뗄릩룸쳵볾튲믡랢짺뇤뮯ꆣ듳탍룖쳺웳튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂뫍놾쪵솦뮥쿠잿듓컒맺룖쳺닺튵뗄랢햹샺돌살뾴,컒맺룖쳺웳뮯,늻떫믡횱뷓퓶잿웤퓚닺욷쫐뎡짏뗄뺺헹솦,뛸쟒튵뗄뺭볃쪵솦뫍벼쫵쓜솦늻뛏퓶잿ꆣ좫쟲뮯쟷쫆튲믡잿뮯웤퓚탐튵볦늢훘ퟩ맽돌훐뗄폅쫆ꆣ벼쫵폫룸훐맺룖쳺웳튵삩햹맺볊쫓튰쳡릩쇋폐샻쳵볾ꆣ틔놾쿠뮥잿뮯뗄믺훆돉캪듳탍웳튵훷뚯뾪햹냼삨릲탔웳튵캪훷쳥뷸탐냼삨릲탔벼쫵퓚쓚뗄벼쫵뒴탂,컞벼쫵퓚쓚뗄벼쫵뒴탂뗄쓚퓚뚯솦ꆣ싛퓚횪쪶믽샛쮮욽ꆢ횪쪶쯑쯷쓜솦ꆢ횪쪶뒴퓬쓜솦틔313ꆡ룖쳺튵벼쫵쳥훆뛔닺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뗄펰쿬벰풴춶죫쓜솦뗈랽쏦뚼틑뻟놸튻뚨쳵볾ꆣ틲듋,벼쫵쳥훆(technologicalregime)뿉틔듓벼쫵믺컞싛듓틢풸뮹쫇쓜솦살뾴,웳튵뚼퓚벼쫵뒴탂믮뚯믡ꆢ뒴탂뗄뛀햼탔ꆢ벼쫵횪쪶뗄믽샛탔벰쿠맘횪쪶믹훐랢믓ퟅ풽살풽듳뗄훷쳥ퟷ폃;쿠펦뗘,헾뢮퓚탐튵뒡뗄쳘탔뗈쯄룶캬뛈뷸탐뚨틥[8],벼쫵쳥훆뛔폚뒴벼쫵릩룸훐뗄뷩죫돌뛈풽살풽뗍ꆣ탂헟뗄뒴탂벤샸뫍뒴탂뗄ퟩ횯탎쪽폐훘튪펰쿬ꆣ룖쳺튵뗄벼쫵쳥훆쫇튻훖뢴퓓뗄ꆢ쾵춳탔뷏잿뗄ꆢ믽샛4ꆡ훐맺룖쳺튵릲탔벼쫵뒴탂쏦쇙뗄킧펦뷏캪쏷쿔뗄벼쫵쳥훆ꆣ컊쳢폫쳴햽헾뢮훺릲탔벼쫵퇐뺿뗄튻룶돶랢뗣쫇,릲탔411ꆡ훐맺룖쳺튵쏦쇙뗄릲탔벼쫵뒴탂쳴햽벼쫵뗄릫릲욷쫴탔믡떼훂릲탔벼쫵릩룸뗄늻ퟣ[7]ꆣ듓A2U쒣탍뗄믹놾풭샭돶랢,룖쳺튵뗄벼쫵뒴튻냣살쮵,릲탔벼쫵뗄릫릲욷돌뛈풽룟,웳튵벼쫵쓜탂펦룃틑뺭뷸죫쿠뛔욽컈뗄쪱웚ꆣ좻뛸,헻룶짧믡솦풽죵,헾뢮뷩죫돌뛈풽짮;랴횮,헾뢮뷩죫돌뛈풽뗄뺭볃랢햹뫍뿆벼뷸늽퓚튻뚨돌뛈짏룄뇤쇋헢훖쟷뗍ꆣ릫릲욷돌뛈뗄룟뗍,뿉틔듓뒴탂돉맻뗄뛀햼탔쫆ꆣ뿬쯙뗄뺭볃랢햹뛔풴샻폃킧싊쳡돶쇋룼룟뗄뷸탐에뛏ꆣ벼쫵뗄쾵춳탔풽잿,틢캶ퟅ웤훐짦벰뗄튪쟳,뿉돖탸랢햹튲뛔뮷뺳폑뫃탍뗄룖쳺짺닺벼쫵낵쒬탔횪쪶풽뛠,뒴탂헟뗄뛀햼뿉쓜탔풽듳,퓲뛔폚쳡돶쇋탂뗄탨쟳,량쯙랢햹뗄탅쾢벼쫵폫룖쳺짺닺웳튵살쮵,춶뷸탐뒴탂뗄벤샸돌뛈풽룟ꆣ듓룖쳺벼쫵풽살풽뷴쏜뗘죚뫏퓚튻웰,룖쳺튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂닺튵벼쫵뒴탂뗄쳘탔살뾴,룖쳺짺닺릤틕벼쫵췹췹죔퓚늻뛏랢햹떱훐ꆣ쫇뢴퓓뗄쾵쇐횪쪶폫룟잿뛈짨놸춶뷡뫏탎돉뗄,쒿잰,컒맺룖쳺릤튵뮹듦퓚운풴ꆢ운뮷뺳뗄컊벼쫵횪쪶볈냼삨쳥쿖퓚짨놸짏뗄쿔탔횪쪶,튲냼삨쳢,훐맺룖쳺릤튵튪쿫ퟟ짏탂탍릤튵뮯뗀슷,쪵쿖뿉듳솿늻뿉뇠싫뗄낵쒬횪쪶,틔샻믲벼쫵쏘쏜뗄랽돖탸랢햹,뮹탨튪튻쾵쇐릲탔벼쫵뗄횧독,냼삨룟잿쪽뛔헢킩횪쪶볓틔놣뮤,뷸뛸탎돉벼쫵뺺헹폅쫆,듓짮돥룖냥ꆢ쾸뺫솣룖닄ꆢ룟떪늻탢룖뗈쿈뷸룖쳺닄쇏뛸벤샸웳튵늻뛏볓듳뛔벼쫵뒴탂뗄춶죫ꆣ뗄짺닺벼쫵,죛죚뮹풭뗈럇룟슯솶쳺벼쫵,뷠뺻룖짺헾뢮뷩죫릲탔벼쫵퇐뺿뗄쇭튻룶돶랢뗣쫇,릲닺릤틕벼쫵,뗍컂퓾훆벼쫵,쟥뷠짺닺벼쫵,뷚쓜붵탔벼쫵뒴탂쓚퓚뗄벼쫵슷쿟짏뗄럧쿕믡붵뗍웳튵춶뫄뫍풴ퟛ뫏샻폃벼쫵,틔벰룖쳺짺닺맽돌뗄ퟔ뚯폚릲탔벼쫵퇐랢뗄벤샸[7]ꆣ뛔폚훐맺룖쳺튵살뮯뿘훆벼쫵뗈ꆣ쮵,뛠쫽릲탔벼쫵뗄뒴탂쫇믹폚벼쫵톧쾰뷸탐뗄뛾412ꆡ믹폚쫐뎡믺훆뷸탐릲탔벼쫵뒴탂듦퓚뗄컊쳢듎뒴탂,평폚벼쫵슷쿟뺺헹쪧냜듸살뗄쫐뎡럧쿕쿠쯦ퟅ웳튵샻틦훷쳥뗄탎돉뫍뒴탂훷쳥뗘캻뗄잿뛔뷏킡ꆣ샽죧,솬훽ꆢ솬퓾뗈벼쫵뚼쫇맺볊룖쳺튵뗄뮯,컒맺룖쳺튵릲탔벼쫵뗄뒴탂ퟩ횯탎쪽튲랢짺쇋쏷좷랢햹랽쿲ꆣ듋췢,평폚벼쫵쇬쿈뛸듸살뗄쫐뎡쿔훸뇤뮯ꆣ닺튵릲탔벼쫵뒴탂룼뛠뗘뾪쪼닉폃웳튵뺺헹폅쫆믲평폚벼쫵쇬쿈뛸훷떼벼쫵랢햹랽쿲튲벤볤춨맽쫐뎡믺훆뷸탐벼쫵뫏ퟷ뗄쒣쪽,뛸럇헾뢮ퟩ샸ퟅ웳튵늻뛏춶폚릲탔벼쫵뗄뒴탂ꆣ샽죧,맺쓚횯믲훷떼뗄쒣쪽ꆣ떫듓헻쳥살뾴,컒맺룖쳺탐튵뗄19
벼쫵뺭볃ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뗚27뻭ꆡ뗚6웚풭쪼뒴탂쓜솦뮹늻잿,뛠쫽뒴탂죔쫇믹폚뛔틽뷸벼탂탎쫆쿂닺튵릲탔벼쫵ퟩ횯맜샭믺훆뒴탂뷸탐뗄폐쫵뗄쿻뮯컼쫕퓙뒴탂ꆣퟷ캪웳튵캪퓶잿뺺헹솦뛸뷸틦뎢쫔ꆣ탐뗄샭탔톡퓱,퓚닺튵닣쏦살뾴퓲헢훖뒴탂쒣쪽캴틔닺튵벼쫵뒴탂솪쏋탎쪽듙뷸닺튵릲탔벼쫵뒴뇘쫇샭탔뗄ꆣ웤훐,웳튵훷떼뗄벼쫵뒴탂믺훆늻뿉탂,뿉쓜쫇뷢뻶쫐뎡믺훆쿂닺튵뒴탂춶죫킧싊뗍쿂뇜쏢뗘믡듸살벼쫵뗄훘뢴틽뷸컊쳢,퓚맺볒닣쏦짏컊쳢뗄튻훖폐킧랽쪽ꆣ웤훐,죧뫎뷧뚨뺺헹폫뫏ퟷ돊쿖캪춶킧싊뗍쿂뗄컊쳢ꆣ뗄뇟뷧,죧뫎짨볆솪쏋룷랽뗄풴릲쿭뫍폫쓜솦뮥샽죧,컒맺틑붨뫍퓚붨뗄13쳵놡냥엷솬훽솬퓾늹믺훆,죧뫎샭뷢늢짨볆횪쪶닺좨뗄놣뮤믺훆,죧뫎짺닺쿟,쫇맺쓚웳튵럖뇰듓컷십뿋ꆢ듯쓹샻뗈맺췢릫랢믓헾뢮뗄횧돖뫍틽떼ퟷ폃,뛔솪쏋뗄퓋탐벨킧믡쮾틽뷸뗄짨놸뫍짺닺벼쫵ꆣ퓚맘쾵떽캴살룖쳺튵랢닺짺훘튪펰쿬,쫇탨튪뷸튻늽퇐뺿뫍첽쯷뗄맘볼컊햹랽쿲뗄훘듳릲탔벼쫵횮튻ꆪꆪꆪ죛죚뮹풭솶쳺벼쫵쳢ꆣ듋췢,솪쏋쯹춻웆뗄릲탔벼쫵퓚쪲쎴랶캧쓚ꆢ틔짏,맺쓚웳튵럖뇰뾪햹쇋늻춬벼쫵슷쿟뗄틽뷸폫뫏뫎훖랽쪽퓚닺튵쓚뷸탐삩즢,틔듙뷸닺튵뷡릹뗄좫ퟷ,냼삨냂룖솪뾪랢뗄COREX벼쫵ꆢ냄훞뗄HIs2쏦짽벶,튲쫇탨튪뷸튻늽퇐뺿뗄컊쳢ꆣmelt벼쫵뫍몫맺웖쿮(POSCO)뾪랢뗄Finex벼쫵ꆣ2007쓪11퓂,놦룖틽뷸붨짨뗄쫀뷧ퟮ듳뗄쓪닺5ꆡ뷡싛150췲뛖쳺쮮뗄COREX슯춶닺,2008쓪놦룖폖뾪쪼틽뷼쓪살,훐맺룖쳺튵듓맦쒣떽벼쫵쮮욽뚼뗃떽뷸붨짨뗚뛾ퟹCOREX슯ꆣ2005쓪9퓂,쫗룖벯췅쇋뎤ퟣ랢햹,훐맺룖쳺튵벼쫵뒴탂믺훆튲쯦횮랢짺뫍솦췘벯췅ꆢ얦뿂벯췅ꆢ죽쇢릫쮾뫏ퟷ돶퓚냄훞붨쇋쿔훸뗄뇤뮯ꆣ20쫀볍90쓪듺,헾뢮훷떼뗄릲탔짨뗄짌튵뮯뗄HIsmelt릤뎧(Kwinana뫏펪뎧)춶죫벼쫵릩룸뛔컒맺룖쳺튵뗄뿬쯙랢햹웰쇋훘튪ퟷ폃ꆣ쫔짺닺,삳컟룖쳺릫쮾뫍뮴틵룖쳺릫쮾튲폫HIs2퓚맺볒뺭볃쳥훆ꆢ헾훎쳥훆뫍뿆퇐쳥훆룄룯뗄훆뛈melt잩쫰쇋뫏ퟷ붨짨HIsmelt뎧뗄킭틩ꆣ2007쓪놳뺰쿂,쯦ퟅ웳튵샻틦훷쳥뗘캻뗄탎돉ꆢ탐튵뺺헹뗄5퓂,쫀뷧뗚튻ퟹFinexힰ훃퓚웖쿮붨돉늢헽쪽춶볓뻧틔벰웳튵뺭볃쪵솦뫍벼쫵쓜솦뗄쳡룟,헾뢮훷닺,맺쓚탭뛠웳튵뚼틑엉췅뾼달,늢뇭쪾쇋틽뷸벼쫵떼ꆢ탐튵퇐뺿믺릹퇐랢ꆢ웳튵췆맣펦폃뗄벼쫵뒴탂믺뗄틢풸ꆣ훆헽퓚쿲틔웳튵캪훷쳥ꆢ닺톧퇐뫏ퟷ뗄랽쪽ꆣ춨413ꆡ닺튵릲탔벼쫵릩룸믺훆뒴탂탨튪뷢뻶뗄컊쳢맽춶폚냼삨릲탔벼쫵퓚쓚뗄벼쫵뒴탂살믱뗃쫐뎡쯦ퟅ컒맺룖쳺튵뗄랢햹뫍벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뗄퇝뺺헹폅쫆,틑뺭돉캪맺쓚탭뛠룖쳺웳튵뗄햽싔탔톡뇤,평짏뛸쿂뗄놻ퟩ횯뗄릲탔벼쫵뒴탂쒣쪽튲훰붥퓱ꆣ릲탔벼쫵뒴탂뗄ퟩ횯쒣쪽,룼뛠뗘닉폃쇋쫐뎡퇝뇤캪쫐뎡샻틦훷쳥횮볤ퟔퟩ횯뗄쒣쪽ꆣ퓚늻펰쿬뮯퓋ퟷ뗄랽쪽,헢헽쫇컒쏇뎣쮵뗄ꆰ릲탔벼쫵폫웳튵웳튵샻틦럖엤뫍닺튵뺺헹룱뻖뗄쳵볾쿂,쓜럱춨맽샻틦뷡뫏쫇뇘평횮슷ꆱꆣ훐맺룖쳺튵뗄돖탸랢햹뮹닺튵릲탔벼쫵뒴탂믺훆뗄뒴탂,퓚좫탐튵닣쏦짏쳡쏦쇙탭뛠릲탔벼쫵뒴탂뗄쳴햽,믹폚쫐뎡뺺헹뗄릲룟벼쫵틽뷸뫍ퟔ훷뒴탂뗄킧싊,쫇횵뗃짮쮼뗄컊쳢ꆣ탔벼쫵뒴탂믺훆믡듸살뒴탂훘뢴춶죫뫍킧싊뗍쿂뗄룹뻝닺튵벼쫵뗄늻춬뺭볃쫴탔,잡떱뗘톡퓱벼컊쳢,죧뫎뒴탂닺튵릲탔벼쫵뗄뒴탂믺훆,쪵쿖웳튵쫵뒴탂폫벼쫵뫏ퟷ뗄탎쪽,붨솢폐킧뗄뺺뫏믺훆,벯샻틦폫릲탔벼쫵횮볤뗄뷡뫏폫욽뫢,쫇훐맺룖쳺튵훐솦솿춻웆튻킩릲탔벼쫵,붫쫇훐맺룖쳺튵쪵쿖평탨튪뷸튻늽첽쯷ꆢ뷢뻶뗄컊쳢ꆣ듳떽잿ꆢ붨솢웰맺볊뺺헹솦ꆢ놣돖뿉돖탸랢햹뗄튻룶뇘튪늽훨ꆣ닎뾼컄쿗2007쓪6퓂10죕,평놦룖ꆢ낰룖ꆢ커룖ꆢ쫗룖ꆢ[1]ꆡ컌폮쟬.훐맺튱뷰릲탔벼쫵뗄랢햹[J].튱뷰맜샭,2003쳆룖ꆢ볃룖ꆢ놱뺩뿆벼듳톧ꆢ뚫놱듳톧ꆢ짏몣듳톧ꆢ룖(5):12218.쳺퇐뺿ퟜ풺뗈떥캻릲춬랢웰뗄ꆰ룖쳺뿉톭뮷쇷돌벼[2]ꆡ틳죰.훐맺룖쳺릤튵뗄웰폫벼쫵뷸늽[M].놱뺩:튱뷰쫵뒴탂햽싔솪쏋ꆱ헽쪽잩풼,맺볒ꆰ쪮튻컥ꆱ뿆벼횧독릤튵돶냦짧.2004.[3]ꆡ췵쿾웫,샮훒뻪.20쫀볍90쓪듺틔살죴룉맘볼릲탔벼쫵볆뮮훘듳쿮쒿ꆪꆪꆪꆰ탂튻듺뿉톭뮷룖쳺쇷돌릤틕벼뛔훐맺룖쳺릤튵랢햹뗄펰쿬폫쮼뾼[J].뫓놱튱뷰,2003쫵ꆱ쿮쒿튲헽쪽웴뚯ꆣ룃쿮쒿릲낲업15룶뿎쳢,평(4):61263.솪쏋돉풱릲춬돐떣ꆣ쿮쒿ퟜ춶712틚풪,웤훐헾[4]ꆡ쎩틦쏷.훐맺룖쳺닺튵릲탔벼쫵랢햹퇐뺿[D].놱뺩:쟥뮪뢮훺뺭럑118틚풪,쫇뷼벸룶컥쓪볆뮮훐맺볒뛔듳톧뺭맜톧풺,2005.룖쳺탐튵횧돖솦뛈ퟮ듳뗄튻듎ꆣ헢쫇훐맺룖쳺튵뛔(쿂뗚31튳)20
ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ돌헽훐뗈:벼쫵뒴탂쓜솦폫웳튵맦쒣뗄맘쾵퇐뺿탐뫏ퟷ뒴탂뗄틢풸뷏킡ꆣ즽뚫샭릤듳톧톧놨,2007,23(2):15218.뗚쯄[2]ꆡ헔,폫듳탍웳튵쿠뇈,컒맺훐킡탍뗧ퟓ벰춨탅틁뒨,붪붨욽.웳튵맦쒣폫벼쫵뒴탂맘쾵뗄닢뛈[J].뺭짨놸훆퓬웳튵죔좻듦퓚벼쫵뒴탂춶죫쓜솦늻ퟣꆢ춶볃샭싛퇐뺿,2007(5):20222.죫닺돶쮮욽늻룟ꆢ뛔췢늿풴틀삵탔뷏잿뗈컊쳢ꆣ[3]ꆡ폚뻽늩,쫦횾뇫.웳튵맦쒣폫뒴탂닺돶맘쾵뗄쪵횤퇐뺿[J].뿆톧톧퇐뺿,2007,25(2):3732380.헾뢮ꆢ탐튵ퟩ횯죔좻탨튪뷸튻늽췪짆훐킡웳튵뗄랢[4]ꆡ역헷늨.웳튵맦쒣ꆢ쫐뎡뷡릹폫뒴탂ꆪꆪꆪ살ퟔ늻춬탐튵뗄햹뮷뺳,볌탸럶돖뫍틽떼훐킡웳튵뗄랢햹,췆뚯웤돉뺭퇩횤뻝[J].훐쓏닆뺭헾램듳톧톧놨,2007,161(2):1062뎤ힳ듳113.,퓶잿웤벼쫵뒴탂쓜솦ꆣ[5]ꆡ슬킡뇶.컒맺탅쾢럾컱웳튵벼쫵뒴탂움볛횸뇪쳥쾵폫움볛닎뾼컄쿗랽램[J].움볛폫맜샭,2004(2):44246.[1]ꆡ샮욽,탏샶쓈.웳튵맦쒣폫벼쫵뒴탂맘쾵뗄쪵횤퇐뺿[J].StudyonRelationshipbetweenTechnologicalInnovationAbilityandEnterpriseScaleChengZhengzhong,WuYonglin,XieZhaoyang(CollegeofEconomics&Management,NorthChinaUniversityofTechnology,Beijing100041,China)Abstract:TakingelectronicsandcommunicationdevicemanufacturingenterprisesinChinaastheresearchobject,thispaperestablishesthee2valuationindicatorsystemoftechnologicalinnovationabilityfromthreeaspectsoftheinputabilityoftechnologicalinnovationresource,,itcontraststhetechnologicalinnovationabilitiesoflarge2sizedenterpri2seswiththoseofmiddle2smallenterprises1Finally,itdrawstheconclusionthattechnologicalinnovationabilitiesoflarge2sizedenterprisesintheelectronicsandcommunicationdevicemanufacturingindustryarestrongerthanthoseofthemiddle2smallones1Keywords:enterprisescale;technologicalinnovation;evaluationindicator;closevaluemethod(짏뷓뗚20튳)[M].놱뺩:뿆톧돶냦짧,2006.[5]ꆡ킻웳뮪.ퟔ훷뒴탂햽싔뫏ퟷ뗄돉릦쪵볹:놦룖닺톧퇐뫏ퟷ[7]ꆡ샮볍헤.닺튵릲탔벼쫵릩룸쳥쾵[M].놱뺩:훐맺뷰죚돶냦쒣쪽뗄첽쯷폫쮼뾼[J].룟뗈릤돌뷌폽퇐뺿,2007(6)짧,2004.:8212[8]ꆡ췵퇥,샮볍헤,컢맳짺.벼쫵쳥훆뛔벼쫵톧쾰뗄펰쿬[J].,42.[6]ꆡ뿆톧벼쫵늿쳢퇐뺿ퟩ.컒맺닺튵ퟔ훷뒴탂쓜솦뗷퇐놨룦훐맺뗘훊듳톧톧놨(짧뿆냦),2006(11):,YangZhigang2(,ResearchCenterforTechnologicalInnovation,Beijing100084,China;,Beijing100082,China)Abstract:Chinesesteelindustryhasexpandedveryquicklysincethe1990s,,theinnovationmechanisminthisindustryhaschangedalotfromthemodeofgovernmentleading,researchinstitutesresearchinganddevelopingandenterprisespopulatingandapplyingtothemodeofenterprises2centeredwithuniversity2industry2institutescooperation1Andthemostcriticalfactorscausingthischangearethemacrobackgroundofthenationalreformofeconomic,political,scientificandtechnologicalsystem,theenhancementofenterprisesꆯR&Dincentiveaslongastheexpandandthestructurechanging,aswellasthechangingofthetechnol2ogyregimeitselfinthisindustry1TakingpartintheglobaltechnologicalinnovationcooperationbasingonthemarketeconomyisbecomingthenewcharacteristicofChinesesteelindustry,whilethisnewmodealsobringssomenewproblemssuchastheduplicationofimportsortheineffi2cientinnovationinvestmentetc1SotheChinesesteelindustryshouldsolvelotsofproblemsintheorganizationmanagementofthegenerictech2nologyaswellastheproperroleofgovernment,inwhichhowtoinnovateinthemechanismoftheindustrialgenerictechnologysupplyanddiffu2sionistheproblemneedingtobefurtherdiscussed1Keywords:steelindustry;technologicalinnovation;generictechnology;keytechnology31
