뗚7뻭뗚3웚붭ꆡ쓏ꆡ짧ꆡ믡ꆡ톧ꆡ풺ꆡ톧ꆡ놨쓪9퓂쒿뇪맜샭뗄탄샭릦쓜첽컶Ξ슽ꆡ틁1,쳯쿾쏷2(쯕훝듳톧뷌폽톧풺탄샭톧쾵,붭쯕쯕훝ꆡ215021)햪ꆡ튪:ꆡ믹폚쒿뇪퓚맜샭믮뚯훐훘튪ퟷ폃뗄쾵춳럖컶,쓽솷돶쒿뇪맜샭뗄컥듳탄샭릦쓜,벴뚨쿲릦쓜ꆢ뿘훆릦쓜ꆢ벤샸릦쓜ꆢ쓽뻛릦쓜뫍랴삡릦쓜ꆣ헢킩릦쓜퓚훷쳥쒿뇪떼쿲탐캪ꆢ쒿뇪탐캪뫍볤뷓탐캪훐,폈웤쫇쒿뇪탐캪훐ퟷ폃쪮럖쏷쿔ꆣퟷ캪뷸죫쒿뇪뗄뇘뺭춾뺶,쒿뇪탐캪폫죋뗄탄샭맽돌ꆢ룶탔탄샭쳘헷뫍룶탔탄샭쟣쿲듦퓚ퟅ쏜쟐뗄맘쾵ꆣ틔ퟔ탅ꆢ샭쿫캪샽,훷쳥뇘탫짆폚믱뗃돉릦쳥퇩ꆢ헽좷뛔듽뿍맛움볛ꆢ뿍맛죏쪶ퟔ컒늢톧믡ퟔ컒뷓쓉,닅쓜믱뗃ퟔ탅;훷쳥뇘탫헽좷뒦샭풸췻폫뿉쓜ꆢ훷맛폫뿍맛ꆢ쿖쪵폫캴살ꆢ룶죋폫짧믡뗈맘쾵,닅쓜쪵쿖ퟔ짭샭쿫ꆣ맘볼듊:ꆡ쒿뇪;쒿뇪맜샭;탄샭릦쓜;쒿뇪탐캪;ퟔ탅;샭쿫훐춼럖샠뫅:C93ꆤ05ꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:ꆡAꆡꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:1673-1026(2005)03-0044-05쒿뇪맜샭(ManagementbyObjective)쫇뛔ퟩ횯(믲룶죋)믮뚯뗄좫맽돌쪵탐좫쏦ퟛ뫏맜샭뗄뿆톧랽램,쯼쫇맜샭헟틔풤쿈좷뚨ퟮ폅뗄ퟮ훕킧맻캪쒿뇪,늢춨맽쪵쪩뫍움볛뗈쫖뛎뗷뚯뫍벤샸ퟩ횯돉풱뗄릤ퟷ믽벫탔,쪹ퟩ횯뗄룷쿮맜샭뚼캧죆쒿뇪뗄쪵쿖뛸춳돯퓋뚯ꆣ샭쟥쒿뇪맜샭뗄탄샭릦쓜,첽컶쒿뇪탐캪폫죋뗄탄샭횮볤뗄맘쾵,뛔폐킧랢믓쒿뇪뗄훷쳥ꆪꆪꆪ죋퓚맜샭믮뚯훐뗄ퟷ폃쪮럖훘튪ꆣ튻ꆡ쒿뇪폫맜샭쒿뇪(Objective)쫇ퟩ횯(믲룶죋)믮뚯풤웚튪듯떽뗄쒿뗄믲뷡맻ꆣ내헕늻춬뗄뇪ힼ,쒿뇪폐늻춬뗄럖샠:내닣듎뿉틔럖캪짏닣쒿뇪ꆢ훐닣쒿뇪뫍믹닣쒿뇪;내쓚죝뿉럖캪ퟜ쒿뇪ꆢ훐볤쒿뇪뫍뻟쳥쒿뇪;내쪱볤뿉럖캪뎤웚쒿뇪ꆢ훐웚쒿뇪뫍뛌웚쒿뇪;내쫽솿뿉럖캪떥풪쒿뇪뫍뛠풪쒿뇪;내컈뚨탔뿉럖캪뺲첬쒿뇪뫍뚯첬쒿뇪;뗈뗈ꆣ튻냣뗘,붫쒿뇪뗄닣듎뷡릹ꆢ쓚죝뷡릹뫍쪱웚뷡릹쯹릹돉뗄죽캻쳥쾵돆캪쒿뇪뷡릹쳥쾵ꆣ쒿뇪뻟폐ퟔ짭쳘뚨뗄쫴탔,맜샭탄샭톧죏캪쒿뇪뻟폐풤닢탔ꆢ뿉볆솿탔ꆢ뻟쳥탔ꆢ뿉뷓쫜탔ꆢ삧쓑탔뫍벤샸탔뗈쳘뗣ꆣ듓헢튻쾵쇐쳘탔살뾴,ퟷ캪튻훖믮뚯뗄풤웚뷡맻,쒿뇪폫웤쪵쿖뗄맽돌듦퓚ퟅ쪮럖쏜쟐뗄맘쾵ꆣ틔웳튵맜샭캪샽,십뿋쮼죏캪맜샭듦퓚솽훘탔:튻랽쏦쫇짺닺샍뚯,쇭튻랽쏦쫇샍뚯볠뚽뫍뿘훆ꆣ쯻뛔놾훷틥뗄맜샭퓸ퟷ돶헢퇹뗄움볛뫍뷢웊ꆰ:튻랽쏦쫇훆퓬돉욷뗄짧믡샍뚯맽돌,쇭튻랽쏦쫇놾훷틥뗄볛횵퓶횵맽돌,ꆪꆪꆪ쓇쎴,놾훷틥뗄맜샭뻍웤탎쪽살쮵쫇훆뗄ꆣꆱ[1](P1369)뻍맜샭쫇짺닺샍뚯헢튻랽쏦살쮵,웤횰쓜쫇듙뷸죋폫ퟔ좻ꆢ죋폫짺닺쇏뗄폐믺뷡뫏,헢쫇죎뫎짧믡짺닺훐뇘늻뿉짙뗄샍뚯,틲듋,쯼ꆰ늢늻쯦ퟅ놾뗄쿻쪧뛸ퟔ탐쿻쪧ꆱꆰ,횻튪헢훖샍뚯쫇평샍뚯뗄짧믡탎쪽(킭ퟷꆢ럖릤뗈뗈)틽웰,쯼뻍춬놾췪좫컞맘ꆱꆣ[2](P1553)헢쫇맜샭뗄ퟔ좻쫴탔ꆣ맜샭뗄쇭튻랽쏦ꆪꆪꆪ샍뚯뗄볠뚽뫍뿘훆릦쓜,랴펳튻뚨짧믡탎첬훐춳훎뷗벶뗄튪쟳ꆢ쫜튻뚨짺닺맘쾵뫍뺭볃믹뒡뗄펰쿬뫍훆풼뗄쫴탔,뻍쫇맜샭뗄짧믡쫴탔ꆣ죧뫎퓚맜샭훐맡뎹뿘훆,탨튪싺ퟣ죽룶믹놾쳵볾:(1)뇘탫좷솢뇪ힼ;(2)뇘탫쓜뗃떽뇭쪾쪵볊뷡맻폫뇪ힼ뷡맻볤뗄욫닮뗄탅쾢;(3)뇘탫폐뿉쓜닉좡듫쪩살뻀헽쪵볊뷡맻폫뇪ힼ뷡맻볤뗄욫닮ꆣ헢샯뗄싟벭쫇뫜쏷쿔뗄,쎻폐뇪ힼ뻍늻뿉쓜폐뫢솿쪵볊돉벨뗄룹뻝;쎻폐탅쾢뻍늻쓜헆컕뚯첬ꆣ늻맦뚨뻀헽욫닮뗄듫Ξ쫕룥죕웚:2005-05-13;쫕탞룄룥죕웚:2005-05-18ퟷ헟볲뷩:11슽ꆡ틁(1977ꆪ),얮,붭쯕쯕훝죋,쯕훝듳톧뷌폽톧풺탄샭톧쾵랢햹폫뷌폽탄샭튵쮶쪿퇐뺿짺ꆣ21쳯쿾쏷(1964ꆪ),쓐,붭쯕죧룞죋,쯕훝듳톧뷌폽톧풺탄샭톧쾵뢱뷌쫚,퇐뺿랽쿲:맜샭탄샭톧ꆣ
뗚7뻭ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ슽ꆡ틁,쳯쿾쏷:쒿뇪맜샭뗄탄샭릦쓜첽컶45쪩,헻룶뿘훆맽돌뻍믡돉캪뫁컞틢틥뗄믮뚯ꆣ쳵볾훐쯹쳡떽뗄뇪ힼ뻍살ퟔ폚ퟩ횯(믲룶죋)뗄쒿뇪ꆣ퓚ퟩ횯훐,웤돉풱춬퇹탐캪뗄랢짺뿉쓜풴폚늻춬쒿뇪뛔탨튪뫍뚯믺뗄벤랢,떫쫇,뫢솿뇪ힼ뗄좷솢,횻쫇폫ퟩ횯믮뚯뗄ퟜ쳥쒿뇪뫍뷗뛎쒿뇪뛔펦뗄ꆣ튲헽쫇헢훖튻훂탔쪹뗃뇪ힼ돉캪뇈뷏붫살ꆢ떱잰뫍맽좥탐뚯뗄ힼ퓲ꆣ듓헢룶틢틥짏붲,뇪ힼ뻍쫇쒿뇪뗄뻟쳥뮯뇭쿖ꆣ뿉볻,쒿뇪퓚맜샭훐뗄뗘캻쪮럖훘튪,웤횱뷓뗄ퟷ폃훷튪쳥쿖퓚뛔맜샭맽돌뗄뿘훆뮷뷚ꆣ떫쫇,ퟷ캪믮뚯뗄풤웚쒿뗄뫍뷡맻,쒿뇪뛔맜샭뗄훘튪ퟷ폃폖늻뻖쿞폚듋,쯼뿉틔춨맽벤랢죋뗄탨튪ꆢ뚯믺뗈뛔맜샭믮뚯뗄훷쳥ꆪꆪꆪ죋랢짺ퟷ폃,헢훖ퟷ폃붫맡뒩폚헻룶맜샭뮷뷚,쪹뗃맜샭믮뚯믱뗃ퟮ병킧틦ꆣ쒿뇪맜샭쮼쿫뫍랽램뗄쳡돶뻍쫇믹폚쒿뇪뛔맜샭뗄훘튪ퟷ폃뛸쳡돶뗄ꆣ쏀맺훸쏻맜샭톧볒Pꆤ뗂슳뿋()뛔쒿뇪맜샭샭싛뗄탎돉ퟷ돶쇋뻞듳릱쿗ꆣ쯻폚20쫀볍40쓪듺퓚얦풼듳톧퇝붲쪱,쫗듎쏷좷쳡돶쇋ꆰ쒿뇪맜샭ꆱ헢튻룅쓮ꆣ1954쓪,뗂슳뿋퓚웤ꆶ맜샭뗄쪵볹ꆷ튻쫩훐뷸튻늽쳡돶쇋ꆰ쒿뇪맜샭폫ퟔ컒뿘훆ꆱ뗄훷헅ꆣ쯻죏캪,웳튵뗄룷벶훷맜뇘탫틔ꆰ쒿뇪ꆱ살춳뫏룷룶돉풱뗄릤ퟷ,쪹쎿튻룶돉풱뚼뇘탫쇋뷢웳튵뗄ퟜ쳥쒿뇪,쏷쇋ퟔ벺퓚쪵쿖웳튵쒿뇪훐뗄ퟷ폃뫍뗘캻,붫룶죋쒿뇪폫웳튵뗄ퟜ쳥쒿뇪뷡뫏웰살,퓚쪵쿖룶죋쒿뇪뗄춬쪱췆뚯웳튵ퟜ쳥쒿뇪뗄듯돉ꆣ볌뗂슳뿋횮뫳,뛔쒿뇪맜샭샭싛닺짺훘듳펰쿬뗄쫇Gꆤ냂뗏냂뛷ꆣ쯻폚1965쓪퓚웤훸ꆶ쒿뇪맜샭ꆷ튻쫩훐횸돶ꆰ:쒿뇪맜샭쾵춳뿉틔쏨쫶돉헢퇹튻룶맽돌:ퟩ횯훐틔짏벶뫍쿂벶맜샭헟튻웰훆뚨ퟩ횯뗄릲춬쒿뇪,룹뻝풤웚킧맻맦뚨룶죋뗄훷튪횰퓰랶캧,늢폃헢킩뫢솿돟뛈ퟷ캪떥캻뺭펪뗄횸떼랽헫뫍룶죋쯹ퟷ릱쿗뗄뇪ힼꆣꆱ훁듋,쒿뇪맜샭뗄쮼쿫폫랽램뾪쪼캪릤짌뷧맣랺뷓쫜ꆣ[3](P12102)웤뫳,쒿뇪맜샭샭싛뗄펦폃랶캧춻웆쇋풭살뗄붮뷧,퓚웤쯻뗄ퟩ횯맜샭훐튲뗃떽쇋웕뇩뗄죏춬뫍펦폃ꆣ뛾ꆡ쒿뇪뗄탄샭릦쓜죋쫇쒿뇪뗄훷쳥ꆣ튻룶헽좷ꆢ뫏샭뗄쒿뇪튻뺭훆뚨뫍횴탐,뻍뇘좻믡뛔쒿뇪훷쳥닺짺룷훖랴ퟷ폃,듓뛔ퟩ횯돉풱탐캪뗄펰쿬캳뛈살럖컶,헢킩랴ퟷ폃훁짙뇭쿖캪뚨쿲ꆢ뿘훆ꆢ벤샸ꆢ쓽뻛뫍랴삡헢컥룶랽쏦뗄탄샭릦쓜ꆣ(튻)쒿뇪뗄뚨쿲릦쓜쒿뇪뗄뚨쿲릦쓜쫇횸쒿뇪쓜쪹죋쏇뗄탐캪내헕튻뚨뗄횸쿲뷸탐ꆣ탄샭톧냑쒿뇪뾴돉쫇튻훖듌벤,뫏쫊뗄쒿뇪뿉틔폕랢튻룶죋닺짺탨튪,떱탨튪폫쒿뇪횮볤듦퓚튻뚨뗄닮뻠쪱,죋뗄탄샭뻍믡뒦폚뷴헅ힴ첬,퓚튻뚨쳵볾쿂,헢훖뷴헅ힴ첬뇣뮯돉뚯믺,췆뚯죋쏇좥듓쫂쒳훖믮뚯,얬솦뷓뷼쯹튪듯떽뗄쒿뇪ꆣ헢뻍쫇쒿뇪뚨쿲릦쓜뗄탄샭믺훆ꆣ틲듋,룶죋믲ퟩ횯탐캪믮뚯뗄랽쿲탔ퟜ쫇쫜죋쏇볈뚨뗄ힷ쟳쒿뇪훆풼뗄ꆣ튻룶죋폐쇋쒿뇪,뇣쓜내헕쒿뇪뗄튪쟳,쫔춼벯훐ퟔ벺뗄뺫솦ꆢ훇솦ꆢ닆솦폚쪵쿖쒿뇪뗄맬뗀;튻룶ퟩ횯폐쇋쒿뇪,뻍믡얬솦냑ퟩ횯돉풱뗄훇믛뫍솦솿틽쿲튻룶릲춬뗄랽쿲,늢춨맽쒿뇪뗄햹뾪,붫ퟩ횯쒿뇪닣닣실쪵떽룷룶늿쏅ꆢ룷룶냠ퟩ틔벰쎿튻룶ퟩ횯돉풱뗄짭짏ꆣ(뛾)쒿뇪뗄뿘훆릦쓜쒿뇪늻뷶뛔죋뗄탐캪믮뚯뻟폐뚨쿲릦쓜,뮹쓜쪹죋쏇폐킧뗘뿘훆ퟔ벺탐캪뗄맬벣ꆣ헢샯뗄ꆰ뿘훆ꆱ뻍쫇횸룶죋믲ퟩ횯쓜릻춨맽쒿뇪뫢솿뫍볬닩ퟔ벺릤ퟷ뗄췪돉쟩뿶,뻀헽쒿뇪횴탐맽돌훐뗄욫닮,틖훆늻럻뫏쒿뇪뗄웤쯼탨튪,틔좷놣죋쏇볈뚨뗄랽쿲뫍쒿뇪뗄쪵쿖ꆣ쒿뇪뗄뿘훆릦쓜뇭쿖퓚솽룶랽쏦:11퓚쪵쿖쒿뇪뗄맽돌훐,ퟩ횯뗄쒿뇪믲룶죋뗄뎤풶쒿뇪췹췹놻럖뷢캪죴룉룶뻖늿뗄믲뻟쳥뗄ퟓ쒿뇪,쒿뇪뗄뿘훆릦쓜헽쫇춨맽ퟜ쳥쒿뇪뛔룷룶ퟓ쒿뇪뗄훆풼ퟷ폃살쪵쿖뗄ꆣ21쒿뇪맜샭뗄훷튪뷗뛎쫇쪵쿖쒿뇪맽돌,헢훖맽돌맜샭폫뒫춳뗄맜샭랽램늻춬,훷튪쫇틀뾿ퟩ횯돉풱뷸탐ퟔ훷맜샭뫍ퟔ컒뿘훆ꆣ짏벶퓲쫇룹뻝샽췢풭퓲,횻뛔훘듳컊쳢뫍춻랢쪱볤뷸탐맽컊뫍룉풤ꆣ뮻퇔횮,평폚ퟩ횯돉풱뚼폐ퟔ벺볈뚨뗄쒿뇪,틲뛸쯻쏇믡뷸탐ퟔ컒뿘훆,얬솦릤ퟷ,ퟮ훕쪵쿖쒿뇪ꆣퟜ횮,뿘훆릦쓜뗄볛횵뻍퓚폚죋쏇내헕쒿뇪튪쟳쓜헒돶릤ퟷ훐뗄좱뗣뫍듭컳,틔뇣볓틔뻀헽뫍뇜쏢듭컳ꆣ(죽)쒿뇪뗄벤샸릦쓜돤엦뗄뺫솦풴폚풶듳뗄쒿뇪,튻룶헱럜죋탄쟒뺭맽얬솦뿉틔쪵쿖뗄럜뚷쒿뇪,돽쇋뛔죋쏇뗄탐캪뻟폐뚨쿲ퟷ폃,뮹뻟폐맄컨뫍벤샸뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ쒿뇪뗄벤샸ퟷ폃훷튪뇭쿖퓚쯄룶랽쏦:11쏷좷뗄쒿뇪쓜횱뷓폕랢죋쏇뗄탐캪뚯믺ꆣ21퓚죋쏇퓢폶삧쓑뫍듬헛쪱헽쫇쒿뇪뢳폨쇋죋쏇솦솿,폂룒뗘펭뷓쳴햽뫍뿋럾삧쓑ꆣ
46붭쓏짧믡톧풺톧놨ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뗚3웚31떱죋쏇뷓뷼럜뚷쒿뇪쪱,쒿뇪룸죋쏇틔맄컨,퓶볓죋쏇뗄릤ퟷ죈쟩ꆣ41퓚죋쏇쪵쿖쇋튻룶폖튻룶뻟쳥뗄쒿뇪쪱,쒿뇪룸폨죋쏇싺ퟣ룐뫍ퟔ탅탄,늢듙쪹죋쏇쿲룼룟뗄쒿뇪싵뷸ꆣ(쯄)쒿뇪뗄쓽뻛릦쓜릲춬뗄쒿뇪쫇좺쳥뚯솦뗄풴좪ꆣ뛔튻룶ퟩ횯뛸퇔,죧맻웤늿쏅믲웤돉풱늻쇋뷢ퟩ횯뗄쒿뇪뫍ퟩ횯뢳폨ퟔ벺뗄릤ퟷ쒿뇪,뻍믡쯦틢탐뚯,췹췹닺짺놾캻훷틥믲룷ퟔ캪헾,짵훁랢짺컞캽뗄뻀럗,쿠뮥뗖쿻솦솿ꆣ뛸춳튻뗄ퟩ횯쒿뇪쓜릻릵춨킭뗷ퟩ횯룷늿쏅ꆢ룷룚캻뗄맘쾵,붫헻룶ퟩ횯췅뷡튻훂,퓶잿웤돉풱뗄헻쳥맛쓮뫍ퟩ횯맛쓮,듙쪹죋쏇쿠뮥엤뫏ꆢ뇋듋킭뗷,듓뛸닺짺ퟩ횯쓚죋볊쿲탄솦폫쓽뻛솦ꆣ뛔룶죋뛸퇔,쒿뇪춬퇹뻟폐쓽뻛릦쓜ꆣ튻룶죋쎻폐볈뚨뗄럜뚷쒿뇪,믲탭쯻(쯽)믡돶폚쒳훖탋좤뫍쒳훖돥뚯,랢짺쒳훖탐캪ꆣ퓚튻뚨뗄쳵볾쿂뿉쓜닺짺튻뚨ꆰ돉벨ꆱ,떫쫇,헢훖쯹캽뗄ꆰ돉벨ꆱ뛔탐캪랢짺헟살쮵,뻸컞돉뻍룐뛸퇔ꆣ헢훖컞쒿뇪뗄탐캪쯹헐살뗄룼뛠뗄쫇ꆰ컞캪횮뻙ꆱ,짵훁쫇늻솼뫳맻ꆣ쿠랴,튻룶죋튻떩좷뚨쇋ퟔ벺뗄럜뚷랽쿲,쒿뇪뻍믡뗷뚯웤뺫솦컯솦,늢뛔듋뷸탐폐킧뗄헻뫏,탎돉튻막뫏솦,캪듯떽쒿뇪뛸늻킸얬솦ꆣ듋췢,쒿뇪뗄쓽뻛릦쓜뮹뇭쿖캪쒿뇪쓜릻쪹죋쏇퓚릤ퟷ훐ퟔ뻵뗘냑룶죋쒿뇪폫ퟩ횯쒿뇪ꆢ룶죋샻틦폫ퟩ횯샻틦뷡뫏웰살ꆣ(컥)쒿뇪뗄랴삡릦쓜폐킧뗄맜샭쫇튻훖랴삡쾵춳,붫맜샭뗄룷룶뮷뷚(죧볆뮮ꆢퟩ횯ꆢ뿘훆뗈)솬뷓떽튻웰,늢쪹웤돉캪튻룶믘슷ꆣ틲듋,랴삡ퟷ캪맜샭뗄훘튪뮷뷚뛸돉캪뫢솿맜샭퓋ퟷ쫇럱폐킧뗄튻룶훘튪횸뇪ꆣ랴삡쪲쎴?헢죔좻폫쒿뇪폐맘ꆣ죎뫎맜샭믮뚯뗄퓋ퟷ,쫗쿈뇘탫펵폐튻룶볈뚨뗄쒿뇪ꆣퟩ횯믲룶죋헽쫇춨맽튻쾵쇐맜샭믮뚯뗄뾪햹살쪵쪩웤ퟜ쳥쒿뇪뗄,헢튻쾵쇐믮뚯뗄뷡맻폫ퟜ쳥쒿뇪쫇럱춳튻ꆢ쫇럱욥엤,뻍쫇맜샭랴삡뮷뷚뗄훷튪쓚죝,튲쫇맜샭헟룼폐킧뗘뷸탐맜샭믮뚯닟뮮믲뷸탐쒿뇪탞뚩뗄훘튪틀뻝ꆣ듋췢,ퟩ횯믲룶죋뗄ퟜ쳥쒿뇪뿉틔뮮럖캪죴룉룶뻟쳥뗄믲뻖늿뗄ퟓ쒿뇪,헢킩ퟓ쒿뇪맡뒩폚맜샭믮뚯뗄좫맽돌ꆣ맜샭믮뚯뗄뷸햹쟩뿶죧뫎,튲횻폐춨맽뛔헢킩ퟓ쒿뇪쪵쪩쟩뿶뗄랴삡닅쓜쏷쇋ꆣ헢훖뻖늿뗄랴삡폐샻폚퓚맜샭믮뚯뗄퓋ퟷ맽돌훐뷸탐믮뚯놾짭믲ퟜ쳥쒿뇪(믲ퟓ쒿뇪)뗄탞뚩,틲듋,쒿뇪뗄랴삡릦쓜늻뷶뷶뇭쿖캪뛔헻룶맜샭믮뚯뷡맻뗄랴삡,뛸쟒맡뒩폚헻룶맜샭믮뚯뗄맽돌ꆣ죽ꆡ쒿뇪맜샭뗄탄샭릦쓜럖컶쒿뇪떼쿲샭싛(Goal-OrientationTheory)냑죋뗄탐캪럖캪죽샠:쒿뇪떼쿲탐캪,횸캪톰쟳듯떽쒳훖쒿뇪뛸뇭쿖돶살뗄탐캪;쒿뇪탐캪,벴듯떽쒿뇪ꆢ싺ퟣ탨튪뗄탐캪;볤뷓탐캪,횸캪싺ퟣ붫살뗄탨튪뛸돶쿖뗄탐캪ꆣ[4](P1168)탐캪뿆톧볒퇐뺿랢쿖,뛔쒿뇪떼쿲탐캪살쮵,쯦ퟅ뛔쒿뇪뗄늻뛏뷓뷼,뚯믺뗄잿뛈튲늻뛏퓶잿,헢훖쟷쫆횱떽듯떽쒿뇪믲퓢쫜듬헛뫳닅춣횹ꆣ뛔폚쒿뇪탐캪살쮵,쟩뿶퓲폐쯹늻춬,떱쒿뇪탐캪뾪쪼뫳,뚯믺뗄잿뛈랴뛸폐훰붥복죵폫붵뗍뗄쟷쫆ꆣ쒿뇪떼쿲샭싛죏캪,튪듯떽죎뫎튻룶쒿뇪뇘탫뺭맽쒿뇪탐캪,떫쫇,튪뷸죫쒿뇪탐캪폖뇘탫쿈뺭맽쒿뇪떼쿲탐캪ꆣ솽훖탐캪뛔죋뗄뚯믺잿뛈뗄펰쿬쫇뷘좻쿠랴뗄,캪쇋뷢뻶헢튻쎬뛜,쪹뗃뚯믺잿뛈뺭뎣놣돖퓚튻룶뷏룟뗄쮮욽짏,뻍뇘탫뺭뎣붻쳦퓋폃쒿뇪떼쿲탐캪뫍쒿뇪탐캪ꆣ뮻퇔횮,떱튻룶쒿뇪쪵쿖뫳,펦벰쪱뗘쳡돶탂뗄룼룟뗄쒿뇪,틔뇣뷸죫튻룶탂뗄쒿뇪떼쿲맽돌,듓뛸쪹뚯믺잿뛈캬돖퓚뷏룟뗄쮮욽짏,쪹죋놣돖튻훖믽벫뗄뺫짱ힴ첬ꆣ쒿뇪떼쿲탐캪쫇튻룶톡퓱ꆢ톰헒뫍쪵쿖쒿뇪뗄맽돌ꆣ튻냣뗘,쯼쓜쳡룟죋뗄뚯믺쮮욽ꆣ떫쫇,죧맻떼쿲맽돌쪱볤맽뎤믲쒿뇪놾짭늻첫뻟폐쳴햽탔,튲믡붵뗍벤샸뗄솦솿ꆣ틲듋,맜샭헟튪늻뛏뗘쿲ퟩ횯돉풱쳡돶뢻폚쳴햽탔뗄쒿뇪,늢캪웤쳡릩쪵쿖쒿뇪뗄쳵볾뫍믺믡,틽떼웤쪵쿖튻룶폖튻룶룼룟뗄쒿뇪ꆣퟷ캪뷸죫쒿뇪뗄뇘뺭춾뺶,쒿뇪탐캪폫죋뗄탄샭맽돌(죏횪맽돌ꆢ쟩룐맽돌뫍틢횾맽돌)ꆢ룶탔탄샭쳘헷(웸훊ꆢ탔룱뫍쓜솦)뫍룶탔탄샭쟣쿲(탨튪ꆢ뚯믺ꆢ샭쿫ꆢ탅쓮뫍쫀뷧맛뗈)듦퓚ퟅ쏜쟐뗄맘쾵ꆣ짮죫럖컶뫍퇐뺿헢튻쾵쇐맘쾵,뛔죏쪶쒿뇪탐캪뗄놾훊,뷸뛸폐킧뗘훆뚨뫏샭뗄쒿뇪,뻟폐쪮럖훘튪뗄틢틥ꆣ컞틉,뛔헢튻쾵쇐맘쾵뷸탐퇐뺿쫇튻쿮쪮럖볨뻞뗄릤돌ꆣ쿞폚욪럹,놾컄뷶틔쒿뇪탐캪폫ퟔ탅ꆢ샭쿫횮볤뗄맘쾵캪샽,뛔쒿뇪탐캪뗄탄샭틲쯘뷸탐럖컶ꆣ(튻)쒿뇪탐캪폫ퟔ탅ퟔ탅,쫇죋샠쯹쳘폐뗄튻훖뺫짱쿖쿳,쫇룶죋믲ퟩ횯뛔ퟔ벺믲놾떥캻쯹뻟폐뗄놣횤쪵쿖쒳쿮쒿뇪훷맛쳵볾뗄돤럖맀볆뫍룟뛈ퟔ컒뷓쓉뗄첬뛈ꆣ헢훖붨솢퓚뛔ퟔ컒탎쿳뷸탐룟뛈횪뻵움볛믹뒡횮짏뗄탄샭쳥
뗚7뻭ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ슽ꆡ틁,쳯쿾쏷:쒿뇪맜샭뗄탄샭릦쓜첽컶47퇩,뛔튻룶쫔춼폐쯹ퟷ캪뗄죋살쮵,컞틉쫇튻훖훘튪뗄탄샭욷훊뫍뺫짱풴좪ꆣ죧맻죋쏇퓚듓쫂쒿뇪믮뚯쪱,쓜릻ퟔ벺탅죎ퟔ벺,쿠탅ퟔ벺,뇣쓜퓚룷훖늻춬뗄쟩뿶훐돤싺탅탄,듓뛸쳥퇩떽ퟔ벺뗄짺믮뫍쯹듓쫂릤ퟷ뗄짧믡볛횵ꆣ뿉볻,ퟔ탅탄쫇췆뚯죋쏇늻뛏웈뷼쒿뇪뗄쓚퓚뚯솦ꆣ죧맻튻룶죋뫍ퟩ횯뫜ퟔ놰,뾴늻떽ퟔ벺뗄솦솿뫍놾떥캻뗄폅쫆,ퟜ죏캪ퟔ벺늻탐ꆢ쳵볾늻뫃ꆢ냬늻돉듳쫂,뻃뛸뻃횮,뻍믡탎돉튻훖탄샭뚨쫆,룸릤ퟷ듸살쿻벫뗄펰쿬,짵훁믡쪹죋쪧좥뛔샭쿫쒿뇪뗄ힷ쟳ꆣퟔ탅늢럇폫짺뻣살,쯼쫇틔죏횪쓜솦캪믹뒡뫍잰쳡,퓚짧믡쪵볹훐죕붥탎돉뗄ퟔ컒죏쪶뫍ퟔ컒뷓쓉ꆣ죋쏇뿉틔캪ퟔ벺붡쏀뗄짭닄ꆢ뮪샶뗄틂ퟅꆢ엓듳뗄볒ퟥ틔벰쯹퓚떥캻뗄쿖듺뮯붨훾ꆢ폅뫱뗄뢣샻뗈컯훊ퟔ컒뛸붾냁;튲뿉틔캪ퟔ벺뎬랲뗄죋욷ꆢힿ풽뗄닅룉뗈뺫짱ퟔ컒뛸ퟔ뫀;뮹뿉틔캪ퟔ벺쿔뫕뗄짧믡뗘캻ꆢ랱뛠뗄짧믡죙폾뗈짧믡ퟔ컒뛸뗃틢;랲듋훖훖,뻹쫴폚ퟔ컒뷓쓉ꆣퟔ컒죏쪶뫍ퟔ컒뷓쓉쏜쟐쿠맘,뿍맛뗘죏쪶ퟔ컒뗄죋,닅뿉쓜헦헽뗘뷓쓉ퟔ컒ꆣ붨솢퓚뿍맛죏쪶뫍쇋뷢ퟔ컒믹뒡짏뗄ퟔ컒뷓쓉뎣룸죋쏇듸살ퟔ탅뫍ퟔퟰꆣꆰ횪뿉캪횮쫂뛸캪횮ꆱ,헢쫇죋샠뛔ퟔ탅ퟮ웕뇩틢틥짏뗄샭뷢ꆰ;횪늻뿉캪횮쫂뛸늻캪ꆱ퓲뢳폨쇋죋샠틔쇭튻랬뺰맛,쫇죋샠뛔ퟔ탅룼짮닣듎뗄샭뷢ꆣퟔ탅탄뗄탎돉폐죽쳵훷튪춾뺶:튻쫇튪짆폚믱뗃돉릦뗄쳥퇩ꆣ헢쫇펰쿬ퟔ탅탄붨솢뗄ퟮ훘튪틲쯘ꆣ죋뗄탨튪뫍풸췻쫇늻뛏랢햹뗄,떫탂뗄쒿뇪ퟜ튪틔틑폐쒿뇪캪믹뒡ꆣ탄샭톧퇐뺿뇭쏷,튻룶죋뗄ퟔ탅탄폫웤돉릦뺭퇩쫇쏜쟐쿠맘뗄,튻룶죋뗄돉릦뺭퇩풽뛠,쯻쯹훆뚨뗄쒿뇪쮮욽뻍풽룟,ퟔ탅탄튲뻍풽잿ꆣ랴횮,튻룶죋쫽듎얬솦뚼늻쓜믱뗃돉릦,쯻뻍뿉쓜믡뮳틉ퟔ벺뗄쓜솦,붵뗍ퟔ벺뗄탅탄ꆣ쯹틔,뛔폚좱랦ퟔ탅탄뗄죋살쮵,ퟮ훘튪뗄뻍쫇퓶잿돉릦뗄믺믡뫍뺭퇩ꆣ뿉틔듓킡ꆢ듓짙ퟶ웰,뛔폚뾪쪼얬솦뗄쒿뇪,튪볓놶뗘쾸탄뫍쓍탄,좷놣쫗듎얬솦뗄돉릦,틔탎돉솼탔톭뮷뗄믹뒡ꆣ뛾쫇튪헽좷뗘뛔듽뿍맛뮷뺳뗄웚췻뫍움볛ꆣퟔ탅풴폚헽좷뛔듽뿍맛뮷뺳뗄웚췻폫움볛ꆣ뢸쒸뗄뚣?ꆢ샏쪦뗄뷌믥ꆢ쇬떼뗄훶췐ꆭꆭ쫇튻훖웚췻,룼쫇튻훖솦솿ꆣ헢훖췢퓚톹솦튻떩뮯캪쓚늿뚯솦,붫믡듟죋럜뷸!좻뛸,쏔탅뿍맛뮷뺳뗄움볛폈웤쫇좨췾믲훁쟗뗄럱뚨탔움볛,튲믡ퟳ폒죋쏇뛔ퟔ컒뗄죏쪶,쿻뫄믽벫뷸좡뗄뺫짱,쪹웤쇩믪풽살풽쿝죫뢡퓪폫늻낲,뷸뛸즥쪧ퟔ컒,싙캪??훚짺ꆣ틲듋,튪헽좷뛔듽룷훖췢뷧탔움볛,폈웤쫇좨췾죋쪿(죧쪦뎤ꆢ볒ꆢ뢸쒸뗈)뛔ퟔ벺뗄웚췻뫍움볛ꆣ쯗뮰쮵,뾴늡헒튻룶폐쏻뗄튽짺,뮹늻죧헒튻룶쫬쾤ퟔ벺쟩뿶뗄튽짺ꆣ헢뮰쮵쏷쇋좨췾헟뗄뮰캴뇘헽좷,틲뛸퓚쳽좡폐맘틢볻,폈웤쫇맘쾵떽ퟔ벺쏼퓋뗄훘듳쫂볾뻶닟쪱,튻뚨튪샤뺲ꆢ쾸훂뗘럖컶쯻쏇뗄움볛믲웚췻쫇럱뿍맛ꆢ뫏샭,잧췲늻쓜죋퓆틠퓆,놻컞룹뻝뗄폟싛믲쯹캽뗄좨췾횸떼쯹ퟳ폒ꆣ죽쫇튪뛔ퟔ벺폐튻룶헽좷뗄죏쪶뫍움볛,폈웤쫇튪톧믡ퟔ컒뷓쓉ꆣퟔ컒죏쪶쫇횸룶죋믲ퟩ횯뛔ퟔ짭믲놾떥캻뗄움볛뫍룐뻵ꆣퟔ컒뷓쓉뻍쫇퓚ퟔ컒죏쪶뗄믹뒡짏,뛔ퟔ벺탎쿳뗄싺ퟣ뫍뷓쫜ꆣퟔ컒뷓쓉뫍ퟔ컒죏쪶쫇쏜쟐쿠맘뗄,헦헽쇋뷢ퟔ벺뗄죋뎣뎣뇈뷏죝틗뷓쫜ퟔ벺ꆣ붨솢퓚헦헽쇋뷢ퟔ벺뫍죏쪶ퟔ벺뗄ퟔ컒뷓쓉뎣룸죋듸살ퟔ탅뫍ퟔퟰꆣ랴횮,탩볙뗄ퟔ컒뷓쓉뎣쪹죋뿱췽ퟔ듳,퓢쫜듬헛횮뫳폖뎣뎣뒦폚벫뛈뗄ퟔ놰뫍쪧좥ힷ쟳풶듳쒿뇪뗄탅탄ꆣ폐킩죋틲좱랦ퟔ탅뛸뾴늻볻ퟔ벺뗄폅쫆,뎣뎣뫁컞룹뻝뗘믃쿫ퟔ벺뗄탭뛠죵뗣,ퟜ낮쓃ퟔ벺뗄뛌뒦폫쯻죋뗄뎤뒦쿠뇈뷏,뷡맻췹췹쫇ퟔ놰ퟔ낧,쪧좥탅탄ꆣ뛔폚헢훖쟩뿶뗄죋,뻍탨튪뾴떽ퟔ벺뗄돉벨,뾴떽ퟔ벺뗄뎤뒦,쿠탅ퟔ벺ퟜ폐튻벼횮뎤,튪폐ꆰ뇰죋쓜릻ퟶ떽뗄쫂쟩,컒튲튻뚨쓜릻ퟶ떽ꆱ뗄폂웸뫍탅탄ꆣ(뛾)쒿뇪탐캪폫샭쿫듓놾훊짏붲,쒿뇪뿉럖캪솽훖:쿖쪵쒿뇪폫샭쿫ꆣퟷ캪튻훖쳘쫢뗄쒿뇪,샭쿫폫쿖쪵쒿뇪횮볤듦퓚튻뚨닮틬ꆣ듓탄샭톧뷇뛈뾴,샭쿫쫴폚룶탔뗄랶돫ꆣ룶탔쫇튻룶뢴퓓뗄ꆢ뛠닠쏦뗄ꆢ뛠닣듎뗄춳튻쳥ꆣ쯼냼삨룶탔탄샭쟣쿲뫍룶탔탄샭쳘헷솽듳늿럖,헢솽늿럖뗄폐믺뷡뫏,쪹룶탔돉캪튻룶헻쳥뷡릹ꆣ룶탔탄샭쟣쿲쫇틔죋뗄탨튪캪믹뒡뗄뚯솦쾵춳,쯼쫇췆뚯룶쳥탐캪랢짺뗄뚯솦ꆣퟷ캪룶탔뷡릹훐ퟮ믮풾뗄틲쯘,탨튪쫇뫳쳬뗄짧믡뮯맽돌훐,욾뷨탨튪뗄췆뚯ퟷ폃훰늽탎돉뫍랢햹뗄ꆣퟷ캪룶탔탄샭쟣쿲뗄솦솿풴좪ꆪꆪꆪ탨튪뗄튻훖뇭쿖탎쪽,샭쿫퓚룶탔탄샭뷡릹훐폫뚯믺ꆢ탋좤ꆢ탅쓮튻퇹,쫇룶쳥헻룶룶탔탄샭쟣쿲쾵춳훐늻뿉좱짙뗄튻룶뮷뷚ꆣ샭쿫뻟폐틔쿂믹놾쳘헷[5](P138):11샭쿫쫇풸췻폫뿉쓜뗄춳튻ꆣ샭쿫쫇죋샠뛔캴살뿉쓜쪵쿖뗄럜뚷쒿뇪뗄쿲췹폫ힷ쟳,헢훖ힷ쟳폫쿲췹돤럖쳥쿖쇋죋샠뗄훷맛풸췻,늢횸쿲캴살ꆣ쯼쫇쯦ퟅ죋샠짧믡뗄닺짺뛸닺짺뗄ꆣ죋샠믮뚯폫뚯컯믮뚯뗄놾훊쟸뇰,뻍퓚폚죋샠늻쫇볲떥뗘쫊펦뿍맛쫀뷧,뛸쫇폐틢쪶뗘룄퓬뿍맛쫀뷧,ퟔ뻵뗘캪룼룟뗄쒿뇪뛸럜뚷ꆣ뛔폚헢튻럜뚷쒿뇪,죋쏇폐짺뚯뗄쿫쿳쓚죝ꆢ쏷좷뗄쮼쿫죏쪶,뮳폐쾲낮ꆢ퓞퇯뗈뿏뚨뗄쟩룐쳥퇩,늢쟒폐뻶탄볓틔쪵쿖ꆣ샭쿫늻뷶쫇튻훖럜뚷쒿뇪,뛸쟒쫇튻훖폐뿉쓜쪵쿖뗄쒿뇪ꆣ헢훖뿉쓜탔뻟쳥쳥쿖
48붭쓏짧믡톧풺톧놨ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뗚3웚캪폫뿍맛쫂컯랢햹맦싉뗄쿠럻,믲헟쮵쫇풸췻폫뿉쓜뗄춳튻ꆣ21샭쿫쫇쿖쪵폫캴살뗄춳튻ꆣ샭쿫살풴폚쿖쪵,좴늢럇뗈춬폚쿖쪵ꆣ샭쿫쫇듓쿖쪵돶랢좥ힷ쟳룼룟쒿뇪,쯼틢캶ퟅ뛔쿖쪵뗄뇤룯폫랢햹,틢캶ퟅ뒴퓬뇈쿖쪵룼췪쏀ꆢ룼룟짐뗄뺳뷧ꆣ틲듋,샭쿫뇘좻룟폚쿖쪵,쯼쫇쿖쪵뗄짽뮪,쫇캴살뗄쿖쪵,믲쿖쪵뗄캴살,쯼쿲죋쏇쳡돶쇋룼룟뗄럜뚷쒿뇪,햹쪾쇋룼쏀뫃뗄잰뺰,룸죋쏇틔잰뷸뗄랽쿲ꆢ뷸좡뗄솦솿,햽쪤삧쓑뗄탅탄뫍폂웸ꆣ틲듋,샭쿫뇣돉캪췆뚯짧믡뷸늽뫍샺쪷랢햹뗄뻞듳췆뚯솦솿,돉캪뾪췘뷸좡ꆢ뇤룯쿖쪵뗄뺫짱횧훹ꆣ31샭쿫쫇훷맛폫뿍맛뗄춳튻ꆣ샭쿫쫇쿖쪵뗄캴살ꆣ퓵퇹닅쓜평쿖쪵떽듯캴살,듓뛸뷸죫샭쿫뗄뺳뷧쓘?ꆰ럜뚷ꆱ튻듊뇣벫웤ퟔ좻뗘놻틽죫쇋샭쿫룅쓮횮훐ꆣ듓헢튻틢틥짏붲,샭쿫늻뷶쫇튻훖쒿뇪,뛸쟒쫇튻룶맽돌,튻룶캪쪵쿖샭쿫뗄뇘튪쳵볾ꆣ샭쿫쫇돧룟뛸쏀뫃뗄,떫쪵쿖뗄뗀슷좴쫇웩볨쓑뗄ꆣ횻폐춨맽볨뿠얬솦,닅뿉쓜떽듯샭쿫뗄뺳뷧ꆣ샭쿫뗄쏀뫃돌뛈뫍쪵쿖쯼뗄볨쓑돌뛈췹췹쫇돉헽뇈뗄,잰춾풽쏀뫃,쪵쿖뻍풽볨쓑ꆣ듋췢,샭쿫쫇룶죋샭쿫폫짧믡샭쿫뗄춳튻ꆣ죋쏇뗄샭쿫뻟폐짧믡샺쪷훆풼탔ꆣ늻춬뗄샺쪷쪱웚ꆢ늻춬뗄짧믡ꆢ늻춬뷗벶뗄죋쏇,웤샭쿫뗄쓚몭쫇늻뺡쿠춬뗄,컞싛쫇짧믡샭쿫,뮹쫇룶죋샭쿫,컞늻샓짏쪱듺뗄펡볇ꆣ짧믡샭쿫훆풼ퟅ룶죋샭쿫,늢럇횸짧믡샭쿫뿉틔쳦듺룶죋샭쿫ꆣ짧믡샭쿫쯹쳡돶뗄쫇헻쳥탔뗄럜뚷쒿뇪폫죎컱,헢킩쒿뇪뫍죎컱뗄쪵쿖컞틉탨튪짧믡좫쳥돉풱뗄릲춬얬솦ꆣ좻뛸,죋폫죋횮볤듦퓚ퟅ룶쳥닮틬,헢훖닮틬탔뻶뚨쇋샭쿫뇘탫듓룷ퟔ뗄쪵볊쟩뿶돶랢,좷뚨룶죋뗄샭쿫폫럜뚷쒿뇪,늢엤쳗틔쪵쿖헢킩쒿뇪뗄뻟쳥랽램폫늽훨ꆣ평쒿뇪탐캪폫ퟔ탅뫍샭쿫횮볤뗄맘쾵뿉볻,쒿뇪맜샭뗄탄샭릦쓜쪮럖잿듳ꆣ퓚맜샭쪵볹훐,쾤탄냑컕쒿뇪폫죋쏇뗄탄샭맽돌ꆢ룶탔횮볤뗄뇧횤맘쾵,뛔쳡룟맜샭킧틦훁맘훘튪ꆣ닎뾼컄쿗:[1]십뿋쮼,뛷룱쮹.십뿋쮼뛷룱쮹톡벯(23)[M].놱뺩:죋쏱돶냦짧,1972.[2]십뿋쮼,뛷룱쮹.십뿋쮼뛷룱쮹톡벯(26)[M].놱뺩:죋쏱돶냦짧,1972.[3]훐맺탄샭톧톧믡.탄샭톧냙뿆좫쫩(쿂)[M].몼훝:헣붭뷌폽돶냦짧,1987.[4]폡컄.맜샭탄샭톧[M].삼훝:룊쯠죋쏱돶냦짧,1986.[5]쳯쿾쏷.탍웚룟킣샭쿫뷌폽뗄벸뗣쮼뾼[J].쯕훝듳톧톧놨(헜톧짧믡뿆톧냦),1998(4).AnalysisofPsychologicalFunctionofManagementbyObjectivesLUY1i,TIANXiao-m2ing(PsychologyDepartmentofEducationSchoolSuzhouUniversity,SuzhouJiangsu215021,China)Abstract:Thefivepsychologicalfunctionsofthemanagementbyobjectiveshavebeenobtainedbasedonthesystematicanalysisoftheimportanceofobjectivesinadministration,namely,directionfunction,controlfunction,encouragementfunction,,therearecloserelationsbetweentheobjectivebehaviorandthehumanpsychologicalprocess,,thesubjectcanacquireconfidencebygettingsuccessfulexperience,adoptingtheobjectiveevaluationcorrectly,,thesubjectmayrealizeitsidealbyprop2erlyhandletherelationsbetweenhopeandpossibility,subjectandobject,realityandfuture,:Objective;ManagementbyObjectives;PsychologicalFunction,ObjectiveBehavior;Confi2dence,Ideal[퓰죎뇠벭:뗋ꆡ뫬]
