液化天然气球罐设计及建造.pdf

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ֻ40ज ֻ1௹ െ Ⴒ ߄ ۽ ഡ С Vol 40 No 1 2011୍1ᄅ PETRO CHEMICALEQUIPMENT ࣜဒࢌੀ໓ᅣщݼ*:1000 7466(2011)01 0087 03 ၁߄฿ಖగ౯ܷഡ࠹ࠣࡹᄯ৙ཫૼ,ਾڞ੣,຦໓ࡾ,ݢ༱ᑹ(ۅ෕ড॓െ߄ۚྍልСܢٺႵཋ܄ඳ,ۅ෕ধᇜ 730070)ᅋေ:液化天然气球罐为国内首例产品,简述了其设计及建造的要点,以期对同类设备有一定的指导作用bܱ࡯Ս:౯ܷ;၁߄฿ಖగ;ഡ࠹;ࡹᄯᇏ๭ٳোݼ:; ໓ངѓᆽ઒:BDesignandManufacturingofLiquefiedNaturalGasSphericalTankLIXiao ming,LIUFu lu,WANGWen jiang,HANXia bei(LanpecTechnologiesLimited,Lanzhou730070,China)Abstract:,:sphericaltank;liquefiednaturalgas;design;fabrication ၁߄฿ಖగ(ࡥӫLNG)ၛఃνಆॖौaࢫିߌЌaࣜ࠶ི֥ۚཁᇷႪׄ,ФܼٗႨቓ۽ြಗਘa૶1 LNG౯ܷࡥࢺႨಗਘࠣ߄۽Ӂ௖ჰਘ֩bႮႿห൹֥໾৘ྟᇉ,LNG౯ູܷݓଽ൮ՑҐႨ౯ܷྙൔটԥթLNG๙ӈᄝӑ֮໑(-162 )ሑ෿༯ԥթbෛሢLNG֥֮໑धಣ࿢৯ಸఖ,္൞ݓଽ൮২ҐႨ҂ྭԥܷᄎྛൈࡗ֥࿼Ӊ,ܷଽ҂؎Ӂള֥ᆕؿగ߶ᄹۑҋᇉᇅᄯ֥౯ܷbࡆԥܷ֥࿢৯bၹՎ,LNGԥܷഡ࠹҂ࣇေ౰ഡСᄝLNG౯ܷ֥ഡ࠹aࡹᄯݖӱᇏ,гᆀᇶေࢳऎႵ၂ק֥ӵ࿢ି৯,ط౏۷൞ေ౰ԥܷ֥धಣЌथਔԮಣࠣႪ߄࠹ෘaഡСࠣܵ֡൬෪эྙ֥॥ᇅa৏ྟିਅݺbೈ႗ࠎԤࢲܒ֥޺Ҁa໑؇ҩਈa၁໊॥ᇅaᆦӪࢲሰଛܷቔູLNGԥܷᇏ֥၂ᇕྙൔ,ႮႿ൳ܒ֥ॖྛྟၛࠣࢤܵэྙࢲܒ֥॥ᇅ֩۽ӱൌ࠽֞ᇅᄯބᄎൻ่ࡱ֥ཋᇅ,҂ିཟն྘߄ؿᅚbط໙ีb֮࿢ԥ္ܷ҂ିջ࿢ԥթ,ᆃུჰၹࠇ؟ࠇഒᇅჿLNG౯ܷა৫ൔ௜ָჵ๣྘චуԥܷཌྷбऎሢ໡ݓLNG۽ြ৽֥ؿᅚbູՎ,ླေࡹᄯྍ྘Ⴕର࿢ି৯఼a๧ሧࠣົ޹ٮႨཬa੐ಣੱཬa໭෥LNGԥܷট۷ݺֹࢳथLNG֥νಆԥթb໓ᇏؓാԥթൈࡗӉ֩ཁᇷหׄbऎႵջ࿢ԥթaರᆕؿੱ֮ၛࠣഡС໭෥ാԥթൈLNG౯ܷაሰଛܷཌྷбऎႵൡႨ֥ಸࠒٓຶࡗӉ֩ཁᇷႪ֥ׄݓଽ൮ԷLNG҂ྭۑ౯ܷࣉྛॺaರᆕؿੱཬaഡС๧ሧഒaָ҆ۯಣЌ৏ծീႪਔࡥֆࢺകb֩ཁᇷหׄb* ൬۠ರ௹:2010 07 30 ࠎࣁཛଢ:ۅ෕സ॓࠯ᇗնህཛ࠹߃ཛଢ(0801GKDA040) ቔᆀࡥࢺ:৙ཫૼ(1980 ),ଳ,೻༆Џ࠙ದ,۽ӱഽ,࿐ൖ,ᇶေՖ൙࿢৯ಸఖഡ࠹षؿa۽ӱཛଢܵ৘۽ቔb ∗88∗ െ Ⴒ ߄ ۽ ഡ С 2011୍ ֻ40ज бࢠն,໭مႨӈܿԎ౼ᆇॢ֥ٚൔটЌ৏bၹՎ,2 LNG౯ܷഡ࠹धಣྙൔ࿊Ⴈ௴๙ٸଌᆞ࿢ؐࠒधಣ,धಣҋਘູ ഡ࠹ܿٓᇨܻ೩bLNG౯ܷഡ࠹ҕॉၛ༯ѓሙ[1~5]bູਔ൐धಣҋਘЌӻਅݺ֥धಣིݔ,ؓधಣ(1)GB150 1998!ۑᇅ࿢৯ಸఖ∀,ڸ੣Cbॢࡗԉೆ۽ቔ࿢৯ູັᆞ࿢֥֋గ,ః(2)API620 2009!DesignandConstructionቔႨೂ༯:#ٝᆸӖുॢగറೆࡃҪ,൐֤ᇨܻ೩་ofLarge,Welded,Low pressureStorageTanks∀bӖުᄹࡆਔ֝ಣ,ੱࣉط൐֤धಣིݔࡨ೐b∃ॖ(3)BSEN14620:2006!DesignandManufac ၛஆԛࡃҪᇏॢగ,൐֤ࡃҪᇏ֥သݣਈࢆᇀቋ,֮tureofSiteBuilt,Vertical,Cylindrical,Flat bot ၛٝᆸLNG྄੐ުაသగࠁކުؿളЕᅉາགbtomedSteelTanksfortheStorageofRefrigerated,%ॖၛ๙ݖҩקࡃҪॢࡗᇏ֥గุቆٳݣਈট஑؎LiquefiedGaseswithOperatingTemperaturesBe ൞ڎႵ྄੐[9]btween0 and165 ∀ ࢤܵࢲܒ(4)NFPA59A 2009!StandardforthePro ଽุܷ॔ഈ۽ၜܵཌႵഈ༯ࣉ၁१aగཌྷ१a࿢duction,Storage,andHandlingofLiquefiedNatu ৯ࠣ၁໊ҩਈ౼ჷ१bഈࣉ၁ܵaగཌྷܵࠣగཌྷ౼ralGas(LNG)∀bჷܵ१ٳљഡᇂᄝ౯ܷפ҆,ഈࣉ၁ܵഥೆ౯ܷଽ(5)EN1473:2007!InstallationandEquipmentູ֥ܵ֡ߌሑࢲܒ,໾ਘ๙ݖٳ҃ᄝߌܵഈ֥๙।forLiquefiedNaturalGas DesignofOnshoreᇿೆଽ॔bॉ੮၁ٿྟࠣ၁໊ҩਈ֥ಆ၁໊໙ีؓInstallations∀b༯ࣉ၁ܵഡᇂຕܵࢲܒ ࢲܒഡ࠹ູਔۯ؎ܵ֡੐ಣބ་൬֥ܵ֡൬෪ளᅮਈ,LNG౯ܷҐႨֹഈൔֆಸܷࢲܒbଽູܷԥܵ֡ԛຓܷ֥৵ࢤҐႨջளᅮ൬෪֥ልᇂࢳथ,ѩթLNG֥౯,ܷຓູܷЇಸधಣุ֥৫ൔჵ๣ྙแԉधಣҋਘbॉ੮྄֥֞ܵ֡੐໙ี,ഡСפ҆ԥܷbຓܷაଽܷᆭࡗ֥ࡃҪॢࡗູधಣҪ,धಣ҂ࡹၰഡᇂၮੀܵbҪҐႨ௴๙ؐࠒधಣ֥ٚൔ,แԉளᅮᇨܻ೩ၛղ֮֞໑धಣ֥ଢ֥[6]b3 LNG౯ܷࡹᄯ ഡ࠹ҕඔ ౯॔ϰ࿢ᇅLNG౯ܷଽܷ֥܄ӫุࠒࠣᆰࣥႋ֒οᅶ҂ྭۑ౯॔ϰҐႨ৏࿢Ӯ྘bᄝ࿢ᇅݖӱᇏ,GB/T17261 1998!ۑᇅ౯ྙԥܷ྘ൔაࠎЧҕ౯॔ϰაଆऎࢤԨ૫҂؎ؿളэ߄,ࢤԨ૫ࠪ࿢৯ඔ∀࿊Ⴈӈܿ౯ܷ֥ѓሙᆰࣥބ܄ӫุࠒ[7]bބଉ҈৯ٳ҃ޓ҂नᄋbෛሢࢤԨ૫֥э߄,౯॔ଽܷࢺᇉູLNG,ഡ࠹࿢৯ཬႿ,ഡ࠹໑ϰႮ֐ྟэྙཟෑྟэྙሇэ,ቋᇔ౯॔ϰაଆऎ؇ູ-196 bຓุܷࠒࠣᆰࣥ၇ऌधಣ࠹ෘࣉྛಒಆ૫ࢤԨ,֐ෑྟэྙ౵თղ֞၂Ց࿢ᇅ֥ቋնᆴק,ຓܷแԉधಣุࠣ֋గ,ഡ࠹࿢৯,۽ቔު҂ᄜঔնbཱྀᄛ,ު֐ྟэྙ҆ٳࡼؿള߭֐,ෑ࿢৯,ഡ࠹໑؇-19/50 bྟэྙ҆ٳࡼ֤֞Ќ਽ ᇶุҋਘ0Cr18Ni9႗؇ࢠ,ۚLNG౯ܷ֥౯॔ϰࢠЊ,ଽܷҋᇉ0Cr18Ni9,ᇶေหྟ:#֮໑༯Ⴕਅଆऎ֥౷ੱ϶ࣥࢠཬ,߭֐ੱն,Ӯ྘ൈླေ۷ն֥ݺ֥ನྟb∃Ԋࠌᆴෛ໑؇֥ࢆ֮ࡨཬߏત,౏҂࿢৯bթᄝգྟሇэ໑؇b%ᄝ-196 ༯֥ཌளᅮ༢ඔ ݯࢤ۽ၜ௟קࠣݯࢤҋਘ࿊Ⴈཬ,ഡСᄝ֮໑༯֥৏൬෪ਈཬb&ࡆ۽ྟaݯࢤྟݯࢤ۽ၜ௟ק֮໑ನྟ֥ཛଢᇶေЇওݯډࣁбࢠݺb∋ࣜ࠶ྟࢠݺ[8]b(ൌ࠽ϰҋ֥ഡ࠹ި؇උࠣಣ႕ཙ౵ಆԄժ൫ဢᄝ-196 ֥֮໑ԊࠌᆴࢠཬbၹՎ,҂ླေ࿊Ⴈ౹఼бࢠն֥֮໑ҋਘbࠣҧཟளᅮਈb໓ང[1]ᇏ۳ԛύ൦ุۑݯډࣁඋຓܷఏ֞Їಸधಣҋਘ֥ቔႨ,ҋᇉ࿊ႨಆԄժ3۱൫ဢ֥௜नᆴKV2)31J,ࣜݖؓQ345RbE308 15ࠣE308 16ݯ่֥۽ၜ௟ק,࿊ႨE308 धಣٚൔݯ่ቔູLNG౯ܷ֥ݯࢤҋਘ,ݯࢤࢤ๨໊֮҆۴ऌLNG౯ܷᆕؿੱေ౰࠹ෘԛ֥标ࡃ准分Ҫ享ॢ网ࡗ www.໑bನzfྟx免ࢠw费ݺ.c下bo载m ֻ1௹ ৙ཫૼ,֩:၁߄฿ಖగ౯ܷഡ࠹ࠣࡹᄯ∗89∗ LNG౯ܷቆݯྛbҩ໑ჭࡱၒ࿊Ⴈචᆦಣ׈ቅ,ၛЌᆣಣ׈ቅ֥ 内罐ॖौ۽ቔྟbLNG౯ܷቆልҐႨၛԅ֡ջູࠎሙ֥೛ልم धಣҋਘԉแ۽ၜb࡫Ⴟ҂ྭۑ౯॔ϰуЊ,౏౯॔ϰ૫ࠒն,זགྷӆႋؓᇨܻ೩ࣉྛؿஞၛЌӻधಣҋਘ֥ۄልݖӱᇏၞؿളෑྟэ,ྙၹՎҐ౼Ⴕིࡆܥ౯॔ᄲ,ಖުแԉ֞ࡃҪॢࡗbؓႿ௴๙ٸଌؐࠒधಣ,ϰې؇֥ծീѩ࡟ҰФࡆܥϰ֥౷,ੱ๝ൈᄝזልᇨܻ೩֥ؐࠒૡ؇Ќӻᄝ40~60kg/m3bᄝՎૡݖӱᇏҐႨؽז֥ׄٚൔ,൐זׄनᄋ൳৯,ٝᆸֆ؇ٓຶଽ,ᇨܻ೩॒৬ᆭࡗ֥ॢ༣ੱࠣ࿢ࣅੱൡᇏ,۴ז෬൳৯ႄఏ౯॔ϰэྙbࣉطࡨഒॢ༣ᆭࡗగุ֥ؓੀ֝ಣބ॒৬ᆭࡗ֥Ԯ҂ྭۑ౯ܷݯࢤᇗׄᄝٝᆸݯࢤэྙbݯࢤ־֝ಣbՎૡ؇ٓຶଽ֥ؐࠒधಣऎႵ֥धಣིݔభ,ႋᄹࡆ۲ݯډ੃૊ϰ֥ඔਈaׄܥݯ֥ඔਈࠣӉቋݺ,ԉልݖӱॖၛҐႨٳҪ֘ൌࠇ൞০Ⴈνልᄝ؇bݯࢤݖӱᇏ,ႋҐ౼ٳ؍๼ݯ,ѩᄝؓӫݯࢤᇏܷຓ֥ࠗᆒఖটЌӻކൡ֥ԉልૡ؇b๙ݖ࿸۬॥ᇅݯࢤಣൻೆট॥ᇅݯࢤэྙbᄝᇨܻ೩ԉแݖӱᇏ,ႋؓधಣҋਘࣉྛԎဢ3࡟ҩၛಒקఃൌ࠽ݣඣੱࠣ֝ಣੱ൞ڎડቀཌྷႋ֥. 外罐ຓܷνልႋᄝଽܷປӮުࣉ,ྛѩҐႨ֚ልمഡ࠹ေ౰bࡆᆞልمࣉྛνልb܉פᄝֹ૫ປӮۑࢲܒቆݯބ ๰ል࡟ҩުࣉ,ྛ๝ൈ০ႨνልᄝࡃҪᇏ֥ີۆᇯಁՖຓܷຓі૫๰ልۯಣࢋॖၛႵིᄹࡆ֮໑धಣഈ֞༯νልܷуϰb࡟ҩປӮު,൐ႨచӚזࡼݯഡС֥ಣّഝѩࡨഒุܷ֥་൬ಣbݺ֥܉פνልᄝԥܷפ҆bߎॖၛᄝуϰປࠇνል,ުᆰࢤᄝפ҆νልܷפۑࢲܒb4 ࢲე ର࿢൫ဒ྄ࠣ睷੐ྟ൫ဒLNG౯ܷ֥࠯ඌaࣜ࠶ࡎᆴႪ൝ૼཁ,҂ࣇॖଽܷ໭෥࡟ҩކ۬ުၛႨটԥթ၁߄฿ಖగ,ط౏ߎॖၛႨႿԥթః෱,ልೆ眮აLNGི֩ᇉਈ֥ඣࣉྛӦࢆ൫ဒ,ܴҩࠎԤ֥Ӧࢆᆴ൞ڎ扺ડቀေ晸֮໑၁෿眮ฏ౟߄ކ捯໾a၁෿သ?గa၁෿ᥢగࠣ၁෿֋౰bLNG౯ܷ֥ର࿢൫ဒҐႨగ࿢൫ဒ,ର࿢൫ဒగ֮֩໑၁߄గุ,ऎႵܼখ֥൧ӆభࣟbކ۬ުࣉྛ྄੐ྟ൫ဒbҕॉ໓ང:ຓܷ໭෥࡟ҩࢲඏުࣉྛగૡྟ൫ဒ,ಒЌຓ[1] GB150 1998,ۑᇅ࿢৯ಸఖ[S].ܷݯډ֥࿸ૡྟb[2] API620 2009,DesignandConstructionofLarge,3Welded,Low pressureStorageTanks[S]..5 ଽܷ֥ූ༡ؚ߄ປӮଽܷࠎԤӦࢆ൫ဒުᄜࣉྛі૫ԩ৘b[3] BSEN14620 2006,DesignandManufactureofSite౯॔ϰࠣః҆ࡱᄝӮ྘aቆልaݯࢤaݯډ࡟ҰBuilt,Vertical,Cylindrical,Flat bottomedSteel֩ݖӱᇏջটі૫Ⴒ໪aํྭa٤ࣁඋ໪໾a֮ಶׄTanksfortheStorageofRefrigerated,LiquefiedGaseswithOperatingTemperaturesBetween0 andࣁඋ໪ಙ໾aႲఀaݯᄿࠣ٦ࡷ໾֩,႕ཙਔ҂ྭۑ165+C[S].ഡСა҆ࡱі૫ᇉਈ,௥ߊਔఃі૫֥သ߄ଇ,ࢆ֮[4] NFPA59A 2009,StandardfortheProduction,Storage,ਔۑϰ֥ରڪോྟିb๝ൈႮႿ౯॔ϰᄝࡹᄯݖӱandHandlingofLiquefiedNaturalGas(LNG)[S].ᇏྙӮ֥ັཬχॠࠣࡃᄖᄹնਔ֮໑ಸఖّ֥ഝ[5] EN1473:2007,InstallationandEquipmentforLiquefied,ੱࣉط႕ཙ֮໑धಣಸఖ֥Ќ৏ྟି,ܣᄝ҂ྭۑNaturalGas DesignofOnshoreInstallations[S].౯ܷࡹᄯࢲඏު,ؓ҂ྭۑଽຓі૫ࣉྛ஘ܻԩ৘[6] ਾڞ੣,৙ཫૼ,࠰ ڂ,֩.1500m3၁߄฿ಖగ౯ܷ,ಖުࣉྛූ༡ؚ߄ԩ৘bഡ࠹[J].െႲ߄۽ഡС,2009,38(5):29 31.[7] GB/T17261 1998,ۑᇅ౯ྙԥܷ྘ൔაࠎЧҕඔ ࡃҪҩ໑ჭࡱ֥νልLNG౯ܷຓܷуaधಣॢࡗ֥ݖ؈ॢࡗa౯ܷ[S].[8] ߄࿐۽ြֻ҆ඹഡ࠹ჽ.ധ৏൭Ҩ༯[M].Кࣘ:߄࿐ᆦᇸࠣຓָܷϰνል֥ҩ໑ჭࡱॖၛ࡟ҩഡС൞ڎ۽ြԛϱഠ,1979:507.ᆞӈᄎྛb۲ҩ໑֥ׄνል໊ᇂ࿸۬οᅶ۳ק໊֥[9] ᇫЌݓ,৙ཫૼ,සఓབ,֩.၁߄฿ಖగԥܷνಆ࠯ඌᇂࣉྛܥקνል,Ҍିᆇൌّঌ۲໑؇֥ׄൌ࠽ൕٳ༅[J].െႲ߄۽ഡС,2010,39(1):86 89.ᆴა৘ંൕᆴ֥ொҵᆴ,ၛь஑؎ԥܷ൞ڎνಆᄎ(ྸщ)