캬웕톶 ꎬ?/ 第뗚2?1?卷뻭第뗚4?期웚?甘룊肃쯠联솪合뫏大듳学톧学톧报놨(?自ퟔ然좻科뿆学톧版냦)??V?o?1?.ꎮ 2?1? N?o?.ꎮ 4?? 2?0?0?7?年쓪7?月퓂????????????????????????????????????????????????Journal of Gansu Lianhe Un versity CNatural Sc ences) J? ?ul?.ꎮ 2?0?0?7? ?文컄章헂编뇠号뫅ꎺ1?6?7?2?-ꆪ?69?1?X?(?2?0?0?7? )?0?4?-ꆪ0?0?9?9?-ꆪ0?4? ?解뷢析컶超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵?张헅?云퓆?(?룊甘쯠肃솪联뫏合듳大톧学数쫽学톧与폫信탅息쾢学톧院풺，ꎬ룊甘쯠肃兰삼州훝7?3?0?0?0?0?)?摘햪要튪:ꎺ뎬超쿟线돌程벼技쫵术퓚在킾芯욬片훐中뗄的应펦폃用훰逐붥渐广맣泛랺，ꎬ놾本컄文춨通맽过뛔对뎬超쿟线돌程벼技术쫵工릤作ퟷ原풭理샭的뗄分럖析컶，ꎬ뛔对웤其폅优좱缺点뗣进뷸行탐了쇋对뛔?比뇈，ꎬ뛔对죧如뫎何쪹使뎬超쿟线程돌芯킾片욬发랢挥믓其웤性탔能쓜提쳡出돶了쇋建붨议틩.ꎮ?关맘键볼询듊:ꎺ뷸进程돌Fꎻ线쿟程돌Fꎻ超뎬线쿟程돌Fꎻ双쮫核뫋?中훐图춼分럖类샠号뫅:ꎺ?TP?3?1?6??文컄献쿗标뇪识쪶码싫:ꎺ?B??룅쓮뗄뷢쫍?绪탷、ꆢퟨ阻죻塞뫍和횴执탐行죽三种훖基믹本놾状ힴ态첬，ꎬ폐有뗄的쾵系춳统中훐线쿟程돌还뮹?1 概念的解释有폐终훕止횹状ힴ态첬等뗈.ꎮ??ꎮ?쿟돌?????????1?.ꎮ2? 超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵(?H?y?p?e?r?-ꆪT?h?r?e?a?d?i?ng?? T?e?c?h?n?o??lo?g?y?? 线程(Threads)在퓚?80?年쓪代듺中훐期웚，ꎬ쿟线돌程뗄的룅概쓮念놻被引틽入죫到떽操닙作ퟷ系쾵?缩쯵写킴为캪H?T?T?)?统춳的뗄设짨计볆中훐，ꎬ쯼它쫇是뇈比뷸进돌程룼更킡小뗄的쓜能独뛀솢立运퓋行탐的뗄基믹?超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵就뻍是쫇利샻用폃特쳘殊쫢的뗄硬펲件볾指횸令쇮，ꎬ把냑两솽?本놾单떥位캻.ꎮ?个룶逻싟辑벭内쓚核뫋模쒣拟쓢成돉两솽个룶物컯理샭芯킾片욬，ꎬ죃让떥单个룶处뒦理샭器웷?닙操作ퟷ系쾵统춳中훐引틽人죫进뷸程돌的뗄目쒿的뗄，ꎬ쫇是캪为了쇋使쪹多뛠个룶?뚼都쓜能使쪹用폃线쿟程돌级벶并늢行탐计볆算쯣.ꎮ具뻟体쳥讲붲，ꎬ뻍就쫇是通춨过맽?돌程序탲并늢发랢执횴탐行，ꎬ틔以룄改짆善资풴源샻利폃用싊率벰及提쳡高룟系쾵统춳的뗄??C?P?U뗄的별寄存듦器웷构릹成돉了쇋两솽个룶逻싟辑벭处뒦理샭器웷，ꎬ살来릲共享쿭处뒦?吞췌吐췂量솿.ꎮ뷸进돌程有폐两솽个룶基믹本놾属쫴性탔:(ꎺ?1??)뷸进돌程쫇是튻一룶个可뿉?샭理器웷的뗄物컯理샭执횴行탐单떥元풪，ꎬ并늢同춬步늽进뷸行탐加볓、ꆢ乘돋、ꆢ뢺负载퓘等뗈?펵拥有폐资源풴的뗄独뛀立솢单떥位캻ꎻ;(??2)?进뷸程돌是쫇可뿉以틔独뛀立솢调뗷度뛈和뫍?닙操作ퟷ.ꎮ닙操ퟷ作쾵系춳统믲或헟者펦应폃用죭软볾件뗄的뛠多线쿟돌程可뿉以틔同춬时쪱?럖分派엉的뗄基믹本놾单떥位캻.ꎮ因틲为캪进뷸程돌是쫇一튻个룶资源풴拥펵有폐者헟，ꎬ所쯹?퓋运行탐于폚一튻个룶?HT?T?处뒦理샭器웷上짏，ꎬ솽两룶个싟逻벭辑뒦处샭理웷器共릲?以틔在퓚进뷸程돌的뗄创뒴建붨、ꆢ뎷撤쿻消和뫍切쟐换뮻中훐，ꎬ쾵系춳统뇘必탫须为캪之횮付뢶?쿭享一튻组ퟩ处뒦理샭器웷执횴行탐单떥元풪，ꎬ并늢行탐完췪成돉加볓、ꆢ乘돋、ꆢ뢺负퓘载等뗈?出돶较뷏大듳的뗄时쪱空뿕开뾪销쿺.ꎮ틲因而뛸，ꎬ퓚在쾵系춳统훐中쯹所짨设훃置的뗄进뷸程돌?操닙作ퟷ，ꎬ헢这퇹样뻍就뿉可以틔使쪹得뗃运퓋行탐性탔能쓜提쳡高룟，ꎬ헢这쫇是틲因为캪在퓚?쫽数目쒿不늻宜틋过맽多뛠，ꎬ뷸进돌程쟐切换뮻的뗄频욵率싊也튲不늻宜틋过맽高룟，ꎬ也튲就뻍?同춬一튻时쪱间볤里샯，ꎬ펦应폃用程돌序탲可뿉以틔使쪹用폃芯킾片욬的뗄不늻同춬部늿分럖.ꎮ?쿞限制훆了쇋并늢发랢程돌度뛈的뗄进뷸一튻步늽提쳡高룟.ꎮ?쯤虽좻然떥单쿟线돌程킾芯욬片쎿每쏫秒钟훓能쓜够릻处뒦理샭成돉千잧上짏万췲条쳵指횸?닺产生짺线쿟程돌的뗄概룅念쓮，ꎬ튲也是쫇由평于폚上짏述쫶原풭因틲，ꎬ폐有不늻少짙?쇮令，ꎬ떫但쫇是퓚在죎任튻一时쪱刻뿌只횻能쓜够릻对뛔一튻条쳵指횸令쇮进뷸行탐操닙作ퟷ.ꎮ?닙操作ퟷ系쾵统춳的뗄学톧者헟们쏇想쿫到떽，ꎬ붫将뷸进돌程뗄的솽两룶个属쫴性탔分럖开뾪?뛸而超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵可뿉以틔使쪹芯킾片욬同춬时쪱进뷸行탐多뛠线쿟程돌处뒦理샭，ꎬ?뷸进行탐处뒦理샭.ꎮ벴即뛔对ퟷ作캪为调뗷度뛈和뫍分럖派엉的뗄基믹本놾单떥位캻，ꎬ不늻同춬?쪹使芯킾片욬性탔能쓜得뗃到떽提쳡升짽.ꆣ?时쪱作ퟷ为캪独뛀立솢分럖配엤资源풴的뗄单떥位캻，ꎬ以틔使쪹之횮轻쟡装ힰ运퓋行탐，ꎬ而뛸?뛔펵폐풴뗄믹놾떥캻ꎬ폖늻욵랱뗘뛔횮뷸탐쟐??2 뎬超线쿟程돌技벼术쫵的뗄产닺生짺原풭因틲?对拥有资源的基本单位，又不频繁地对之进行切换뮻.ꎮ??C?P?U랢发햹展到떽今뷱天쳬，ꎬ웤其헻整쳥体쯙速뛈度쯤虽좻然越풽来살越풽?在퓚引틽人죫线쿟程돌的뗄操닙作ퟷ系쾵统춳中훐，ꎬ쿟线돌程쫇是뷸进돌程中훐的뗄?뿬快，ꎬ쓚内늿部뗄的횴执탐行떥单풪元却좴越풽来살越풽得뗃不늻到떽充돤分럖的뗄利샻用폃.ꎮ?튻一룶个实쪵体쳥，ꎬ쫇是놻被쾵系춳统独뛀立솢调뗷度뛈和뫍分럖派엉的뗄基믹本놾单떥位캻.ꆣ?캪为什쪲쎴么呢쓘?原풭来살?Ne?t?B?u?r?s?t?볜架构릹的뗄奔놼腾쳚?4퓚在设짨볆计?线쿟돌程自ퟔ己벺基믹本놾上짏不늻拥펵有폐系쾵统춳资源풴，ꎬ횻只펵拥폐有튻一点뗣在퓚?뷡结릹构上짏뻍就每쎿次듎只횻能쓜处뒦理샭一튻个룶线쿟程돌，ꎬ뛸而폫与듋此同춬时쪱我컒?运퓋行탐中훐必뇘不늻可뿉少짙的뗄资源풴〈?如죧程돌序탲计볆数쫽器웷、ꆢ튻一ퟩ组寄별存듦?쏇们的뗄电뗧脑쓔需탨要튪同춬步늽执횴行탐的뗄任죎务컱却좴在퓚不늻断뛏增퓶加볓，ꎬ而뛸?器웷和뫍梳햻)?ꎬ，떫但쯼它뿉可폫与춬同쫴属튻一룶个뷸进돌程뗄的웤其쯼它쿟线돌程릲共享쿭?且쟒花뮨在퓚룷各线쿟程돌之횮间볤切쟐换뮻等뗈待듽的뗄时쪱间볤太첫多뛠，ꎬ뒦处理샭器웷?뷸进돌程所쯹拥펵폐有的뗄全좫部늿资源풴.ꎮ튻一룶个쿟线돌程뿉可以틔뒴创붨建和뫍撤뎷?的뗄펦应用폃效킧率싊自ퟔ然좻也튲就뻍降붵低뗍了쇋.ꎮ?消쿻쇭另튻一룶个쿟线程돌;ꎻ춬同튻一뷸进돌程훐中뗄的뛠多룶个쿟线程돌횮之间볤可뿉以틔?뎤长期웚以틔来살，ꎬ?C?P?U짺生产닺商짌为캪了쇋提쳡高룟?C?P?U뗄的性탔?늢并发랢执횴行탐.ꎮ평由폚于쿟线돌程之횮间볤的뗄相쿠互뮥制훆约풼，ꎬ훂致쪹使쿟线돌程在퓚?能쓜，ꎬ춨通뎣常ퟶ做램法쫇是쳡提高룟?C?P?U뗄的时쪱钟훓频욵率싊、ꆢ퓶增볓加뮺缓存듦?퓋运行탐中훐也튲呈돊现쿖出돶间볤断뛏性탔.ꎮ相쿠应펦地뗘，ꎬ쿟线돌程튲也춬同퇹样폐有就뻍?죝容量솿、ꆢ뺧晶쳥体맜管쫽数솿量틔以벰及指횸令쇮集벯来살提쳡升짽其웤性탔能쓜.ꎮ헢这些킩?쫕收룥稿臼죕期웚ꎺ:?2?0?07?-ꆪ?03?-ꆪ2?6?.ꎮ?ퟷ作者헟简볲介뷩:ꎺ헅张퓆云?0?9?8?1?-튻)?ꎬ.얮女ꎬ룊，甘쯠肃폀永뗇爱죋人ꎬ룊，甘쯠肃솪联뫏合듳大톧学훺助뷌教ꎬ，훷主튪要듓从쫂事볆计쯣算믺机软죭件볾的뗄教뷌学톧与폫研퇐究뺿.ꎮ?
캬웕톶 ????甘룊肃쯠联솪合뫏大듳学톧学톧报놨(?自ퟔ然좻科뿆学톧版냦)??第뗚2?1?卷뻭?100 랽方法램的뗄副뢱作ퟷ用폃就뻍是쫇会믡增퓶加볓处뒦理샭器웷的뗄功릦耗뫄，ꎬ而뛸且쟒往췹?术쫵的뗄훷主냥板킾芯욬片组ퟩ的뗄主훷要튪型탍号뫅包냼括삨I?n?t?e?l?的뗄?87?5??Pꎬ，?췹往믡会쫜受떽到훆制퓬造릤工틕艺上짏的뗄限쿞制훆以틔及벰成돉本놾过맽高룟的뗄制훆??E7?2?0?5?,ꎬ ?85?0??Eꎬ, 8??6?5?P?Eꎯ/?Gꎯ/P?,ꎬ 8??4?5?P?Eꎯ/?G?Eꎯ/G?V?,ꎬ 8?4?5?G? ?풼约.ꎮ?C?P?U튪要想쿫取좡得뗃更룼好뫃的뗄表뇭现쿖，ꎬ펵拥폐有룼更뿬快的뗄处뒦理샭??(B?-?s??te??p?p?i?n?g)? ,ꎬ 8?4?5?E?.ꎮ 8??7?5?P,ꎬ ?E7?2?0?5?,ꎬ 8??6?5?P?Eꎯ/?Gꎯ/P?,ꎬ? 速쯙度뛈，ꎬ뻍就뗃得탨需튪要룼更大듳的뗄供릩电뗧量솿，ꎬ룼更잿强뺢劲뗄的즢散热죈条쳵??8?4?5?P?Eꎯ/?G?Eꎯ/?G?V芯킾片욬组ퟩ均뻹可뿉正헽常뎣支횧持돖超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵?件볾ꎮ.?20?0?5?쓪年，ꎬ펢英쳘特뛻尔좡取쿻消了쇋生짺产닺4?ꎮ.?0?GH?z?的뗄ꆰ"T?e??的뗄쪹使用폃，ꎬ뛸而퓧早잰前的뗄8??4?5?E틔以及벰?85??0?E芯킾片욬组ퟩ只횻要튪升짽?j?a?sꆱ"单떥核뫋处뒦理샭器웷.ꎮ틲因캪为쯻他쏇们랢发现쿖，ꎬ튪要쿫想듯达떽到헢这个룶频욵?级벶?BI??OS?뻍就可뿉以틔解뷢决뻶支횧持돖的뗄问컊题쳢.ꎮS?I?S方랽面쏦有폐?率싊，ꎬ쯼它뗄的쟽驱뚯动릦功싊率뇘必탫须要튪达듯到떽1??0?0?W.ꎮ늻不仅뷶如죧此듋，ꎬ??Si?S?6?4?5?D?X(??B版냦)?、ꆢS?i?S?6?4?8(??B版냦)?、ꆢ?SI?S6?5?5?、ꆢ?SI??S6?5?8?、ꆢ?要튪保놣证횤它쯼正헽常뎣的뗄运퓋行탐还뮹要튪有폐温컂度뛈的뗄控뿘制훆，ꎬ需탨要튪更룼?S?I?S6?4?8?F?X?.ꎮ ?VI??A方랽面쏦有폐P?4??X4?0??0?A、ꆢP?4?X?6?0?0?、ꆢ?大듳的뗄散즢热죈器웷.ꎮ튪要쫇是퓚在늻不맽过뛠多퓶增볓加펲硬볾件춶投죫入的뗄情쟩况뿶??P4?X?8?0?0?.ꎮ? 쿂下，ꎬ뒦处샭理웷器뻍就쓜能릻够돤充럖分샻利폃用쿖现폐有뗄的잿强뺢劲컯物理샭单떥元풪??(3?)?需탨要튪主훷板냥B?I??OS?支횧持돖zꎺ主훷냥板厂뎧商짌必뇘须탫在퓚?춬同늽步执횴行탐多뛠线쿟程돌来살增퓶强잿性탔能쓜，ꎬ那쓇该룃多뛠好뫃??因틲此듋，ꎬ??BI??OS?中훐支횧持돖超뎬线쿟程돌才닅行탐.ꎮ?I?n?t?e?l?采닉用폃另쇭一튻个룶思쮼路슷去좥提쳡高룟C??P?U的뗄性탔能쓜，ꎬ让죃??(?4?탨)需튪要닙操ퟷ作쾵系춳统支횧持돖ꎺM?ic?r?o?s?o?f?tW?i?nꆪ›?C?P??U뿉可以틔同춬时쪱执횴行탐多뛠重훘线쿟程돌，ꎬ뻍就쓜能够릻让죃C?P??U发랢?d??o?ws??XP?ꆢ、M?i?c?r??os??uf??t?Wi??n?d?o?ws?2?0?0?3?，ꎬ?Li?n?u?x?k?e?r?n?e?l?2?.ꆣ? 挥믓更룼大듳效킧率싊，ꎬ即벴超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵.ꎮ??4.ꎮx?以틔뫳后的뗄版냦本놾也튲支횧持돖超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵.ꎮ?也튲正헽是쫇由평于폚通춨过맽不늻高룟的뗄代듺价볛，ꎬ뻍就쓜能듸带살来极벫大듳??(5? ?)탨需튪要펦应폃用죭软件볾支횧持돖:ꎺ튻一냣般살来说쮵，ꎬ횻只튪要쓜能够릻?뗄的탔性能쓜提쳡升짽，ꎬ뎬超쿟线돌程벼技术쫵倍놶受쫜?I?nt?el?的뗄青쟠睐，ꎬ늢并被놻?횧支돖持多뛠뒦处理샭器웷的뗄软죭件볾均뻹可뿉支횧持돖超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵，ꎬ但떫是쫇?폨予以틔大듳力솦宣탻传뒫.ꎮ?쪵实际볊上짏这헢样퇹的뗄软죭件볾并늢不늻多뛠，ꎬ而뛸且쟒偏욫向쿲于폚图춼形탎、ꆢ视쫓频욵??뎬쿟돌벼ꎺ쫵뗄릤ퟷ풭샭?뒦处理샭等뗈专业튵软죭件볾方랽面쏦，ꎬ游폎戏쾷软죭件볾极벫少짙有폐支횧持돖的뗄.ꎮ应펦?3 超线程技术的工作原理用폃软죭件볾有폐O?f?f?i?c?e?2?0?00?、ꆢP?h?o?t?o?s?h?o?p?等뗈.ꎮ?超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵的뗄工릤作ퟷ原풭理샭是쫇在퓚每쎿个룶时쪱钟훓周훜期웚内쓚?췪돉룼뛠릤ퟷꎬ튻룶횧돖뎬쿟돌????벼쫵뗄뒦?5? 超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵的뗄优폅缺좱点뗣?完成更多工作，一个支持超线程(HT)技术的处理샭器웷使쪹当떱前잰的뗄操닙作ퟷ系쾵统춳和뫍应펦用폃可뿉以틔看뾴到떽两솽个룶虚탩拟쓢??5.ꎮ1? 优폅点뗣?处뒦理샭器웷，ꎬ룃该뒦处샭理웷器可뿉以틔同춬时쪱处뒦理샭两솽组ퟩ任죎务컱，ꎬ돤充럖分利샻??(?1?춶)죫投入짙少ꎬ컯，쏀物美볛价솮廉ꎮ평.由폚于헢这쿮项벼技쫵术쫇是붫将一튻?用폃闲쿐置훃资源풴，ꎬ늢并뿉可在퓚相쿠同춬时쪱间볤内쓚完췪成돉更룼多뛠工릤作ퟷ.ꎮ?个룶处뒦理샭器웷模쒣拟쓢成돉两솽个룶使쪹用폃，ꎬ듓从뛸而퓚在퓶增加볓极벫少짙投춶入죫?在퓚뒦处理샭多뛠个룶线쿟程돌的뗄过맽程돌中훐，ꎬ뛠多쿟线돌程处뒦理샭器웷内쓚?的뗄情쟩况뿶下쿂就뻍能쓜够릻提쳡高룟性탔能쓜.ꎮ对뛔于폚操닙作ퟷ系쾵统춳来살说쮵，ꎬ它쯼?部늿的뗄쎿每룶个싟逻벭辑뒦处샭理器웷均뻹可뿉以틔单떥独뛀对뛔中훐断뛏做ퟶ出돶响쿬?폖又쿱像真헦的뗄拥펵有폐两솽个룶物컯理샭处뒦理샭器웷一튻样퇹工릤作ퟷ，ꎬ듓从而뛸让죃?펦应，ꎬ떱当뗚第튻一룶个싟逻벭辑뒦处理샭器웷跟룺踪ퟙ一튻个룶软죭件볾线쿟程돌时쪱，ꎬ第뗚?两솽룶个程돌序탲或믲一튻个룶程돌序탲的뗄两솽个룶线쿟程돌，ꎬ쓜能릻够在퓚떥单处뒦理샭?二뛾个룶逻싟辑벭处뒦理샭器웷也튲开뾪始쪼对뛔另쇭外췢一튻个룶软죭件볾线쿟程돌进뷸行탐?器웷上짏同춬时쪱执횴行탐.ꎮ평由폚于복减少짙了쇋在퓚线쿟程돌之횮间볤的뗄切쟐换뮻，ꎬ提쳡?跟룺踪ퟙ和뫍处뒦理샭了쇋.ꎮ另쇭外췢，ꎬ캪为쇋了避뇜免쏢C??P?U뒦处理샭资源풴冲돥?룟高了쇋执횴탐行单떥元풪的뗄利샻用폃率싊，ꎬ듓从뛸而쪹使뒦处샭理웷器实쪵际볊使쪹用폃?突춻，ꎬ뢺负퓰责뒦处샭理뗚第뛾二룶个쿟钱程돌的뗄那쓇个룶逻싟辑벭处뒦理샭器웷，ꎬ웤其使쪹?效킧果맻得뗃到떽极벫大듳的뗄改룄善짆.ꎮ?폃用的뗄是쫇仅뷶是쫇运퓋行탐第뗚一튻个룶线쿟程돌时쪱被놻暂퓝时쪱闲쿐置훃的뗄处뒦理샭??(2?)?超뎬线쿟程돌在퓚W?e?b?럾服务컱、ꆢS??QL?쫽数据뻝库뿢等뗈很뫜多뛠?떥单元풪.ꎮ샽例죧如ꎺ=떱当튻一룶个싟逻벭辑뒦处샭理웷器퓚在횴执탐行뢡浮点뗣运퓋算쯣?服럾컱务器웷쇬领域폲的뗄应펦用폃中훐表뇭现쿖优폅异틬.ꎮ在퓚2?0?0?1?年쓪的뗄时쪱?(?쪹使폃用뒦处샭理웷器뗄的뢡浮点뗣运퓋算쯣单떥元풪)?时쪱，ꎬ쇭另튻一룶个싟逻辑벭处뒦?候뫲，ꎬI?B?M就뻍推췆出돶了쇋它쯼的뗄第뗚一튻款뿮双쮫核뫋?Po?w?e?r?4?处뒦理샭?理샭器웷可뿉以틔执횴行탐加볓法램运퓋算쯣(?쪹使폃用뒦处샭理웷器的뗄整헻数쫽运퓋算쯣?器웷ꎮ.?I?B?M当떱时쪱是쫇用폃在퓚了쇋它쯼的뗄R?I??S?C服럾务컱器웷中훐，ꎬ럾服务컱?单떥元풪)?ꎮ.헢这퇹样ퟶ做ꎬ컞，元틉疑듳大듳大쳡提룟高쇋了뒦处샭理웷器쓚内늿部뒦处理샭?器웷的뗄性탔能쓜得뗃到떽了쇋很뫜大듳的뗄提쳡高룟.ꎮ?单떥元풪的뗄利샻用폃率싊和뫍相쿠应펦的뗄数쫽据뻝、ꆢ指횸令쇮的뗄吞췌吐췂能쓜力솦.ꎮ??(3?)?퓚在某쒳킩些횧支持돖뛠多쿟线程돌的뗄软죭件볾应펦用폃上짏能쓜够릻得뗃??쪵쿖뎬쿟돌벼쫵뗄잰쳡쳵볾?到떽3??0?%左ퟳ右폒的뗄性탔能쓜提쳡升짽，ꎬ如죧3??Ds??ma?x?、ꆢM?a?y?a?、ꆢ?Of?ꆪ?4 实现超线程技术的前提条件f?i?c?e、ꆢP?h?o?t?os??ho?p?等뗈.ꎮ퓚在뷱今뫳后的뗄软죭件볾开뾪发랢中훐，ꎬ횧支돖持多뛠?实쪵现쿖超뎬线쿟程돌的뗄五컥大듳前잰提쳡条쳵件볾:ꎺ?钱쿟돌程应펦用폃的뗄软죭件볾定뚨会믡蓬엮勃늪发랢展햹，ꎬ듳大뛠多쫽数主훷流쇷软죭件볾?(??1?)탨需튪要?C?PU?支횧持돖:ꎺ쒿目잰前헽正쪽式횧支돖持뎬超线쿟程돌技벼?都뚼会믡利샻用폃到떽超뎬线쿟程돌.ꎮ틲因캪为컞元싛论쫇是펲硬볾件뎧厂商짌或믲软죭件볾?术쫵的뗄?C?P?U有폐?Pe?n?t?i?u?m4??3?.ꎮ 0??6?GH?z?、ꆢ?2ꎮ.4??0?C、ꆢ?2ꎮ.6??0?C、ꆢ?厂뎧商짌都뚼会믡利샻用폃新탂技벼术쫵来살巩릮固만自ퟔ己벺的뗄市쫐场뎡地뗘位캻.ꎮ?2?ꎮ.?8?0?C、ꆢ?3ꎮ.?0?GH?z?、ꆢ?3ꎮ.?2?GH?z?以틔及벰P?r?e?s?c?o?t?t?处뒦理샭器웷，ꎬ??(4?)? ?W ?in?d?o?w?s?XP?已틑经뺭针헫对뛔其웤作ퟷ出돶优폅化뮯，ꎬ在퓚运퓋?还뮹有폐部늿分럖型탍号뫅的뗄?Xe?o?n?.ꎮ?탐行多뛠个룶不늻支횧持돖多뛠线쿟程돌的뗄程돌序탲时쪱，ꎬ탔性쓜能튲也可뿉能쓜会믡获믱??(2?)?需탨要튪主훷板냥芯킾片욬组ퟩ支횧持돖:ꎺ헽正쪽式횧支돖持超뎬쿟线程돌技벼?得뗃提쳡高룟.ꎮ벴即뇣使带듸来살损쯰失쪧，ꎬ也튲会믡显쿔得뗃比뇈较뷏轻쟡微캢.ꎮ?
캬웕톶 뗚第4?期웚?헅张云퓆2ꎺ解뷢析컶起뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵?????101 (?5?)?훷主流쇷뗄的ퟀ桌쏦面킾芯욬片ퟩ组믹基놾本都뚼已틑可뿉以틔支횧持돖超뎬?持돖超뎬线쿟程돌的뗄应펦用폃，ꎬ쯻他쏇们듓从듋此뿉可틔以뮨花쿠相对뛔뗍低廉솮的뗄代듺?线쿟程돌，ꎬ컞元需탨额뛮外췢的뗄花뮨费럑.ꎮ?价볛，ꎬ뻍就뮻换좡取떽到룼更룟高뗄的탔性能쓜.ꎮ늻不떫但횻只탨需튪要릺购싲买튻一个룶更룼?(?6?)?쒿目잰前퓚在高룟端뛋的뗄P?e?n?t??iu?m??EE?和뫍一튻部늿分럖X?e??便뇣宜틋的뗄处뒦理샭器웷，ꎬ늢并쟒且퓚在훷主냥板뗄的횧支돶出짏上也튲大듳大듳降붵低뗍?o?n?짏上也튲支횧持돖超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵.ꎮ퓚在횧支돖持뎬超쿟线돌程뗄的处뒦理샭器웷?了쇋.ꎮ?的뗄机믺器웷上짏，ꎬ횧支돖持多뛠?C?P?U뗄的?Wi?nd?o??ws?会믡认죏出돶两솽个룶?如죧맻果已틑经뺭拥펵有폐了쇋H?T?T?芯킾片욬，ꎬ쓇那룃该죧如뫎何使쪹用폃?C?P?U?.ꎮ뛸而在퓚支횧持돖双쮫内쓚核뫋处뒦理샭的뗄机믺器웷上짏，ꎬW?i?nd??o?w?s? 该룃技벼术쫵呢쓘?通춨过맽以틔上짏优폅缺좱点뗣的뗄比뇈较뷏，ꎬ我컒们쏇已틑经뺭了쇋?也튲会믡认죏出돶两솽个룶?C?P?Uꎬ，퓚在횧支돖持뎬超쿟线돌程쮫双쓚内뫋核뗄的뒦处理샭?解뷢떽到쇋了뎬超쿟线돌程벼技쫵术뗄的좷确能쓜够릻在퓚处뒦理샭多뛠任죎务컱的뗄时쪱?器웷上짏，ꎬ?Wi?nd?o??ws?会믡죏认出돶四쯄个룶C?P?U?.ꎮ?候뫲，ꎬ쓜能릻够룸给쾵系춳统탔性쓜能듸带来살一튻定뚨的뗄提쳡升짽.ꎮ뛸而퓚在运퓋行탐单떥?5?ꎮ.?2 缺좱点뗣?任죎컱务处뒦理샭的뗄时쪱候뫲，ꎬ뛠多쿟线돌程뗄的폅优쫆势쫇是컞无法램뇭表现쿖出돶来살?(??1?펢)英쳘特뛻尔P?4?超뎬线쿟程돌有폐两솽个룶运퓋行탐模쒣式쪽，ꎬ?Sì?n?뗄的，ꎬ뛸而쟒且튻一떩旦듲打뾪开뎬超쿟线程돌，ꎬ뒦处샭理웷器쓚内늿部뮺缓듦存就뻍会믡被놻?g??le?Ta?s?k?M?o?d?e? ?(떥单죎任컱务模쒣式쪽)?及벰M?u?l?t?iT?a?s?k?Mo?d?e??划뮮分럖成돉几벸个룶区쟸域폲，ꎬ릲共쿭享内쓚部늿资源풴，ꎬ듓从뛸而퓬造成돉单떥个룶的뗄?(?뛠多죎任컱务模쒣式쪽)?，ꎬ떱当돌程탲序늻不횧支持돖?M?u?l t?i-?P?r?o?c?e?s??si?n?g? 子ퟓ系쾵统춳性탔能쓜下쿂降붵.ꎮ틲因듋此，ꎬ뇊笔헟者죏认캪为폃用뮧户퓚在뷸进行탐单떥任죎?〈?뛠多뒦处샭理웷器ퟷ作튵业?)쪱时ꎬ，쾵系춳统믡会춣停횹止웤其훐中튻一룶个逻싟辑벭?务컱作ퟷ业튵时쪱，ꎬ쎻没폐有뇘必튪要듲打开뾪超뎬线쿟程돌，ꎬ횻只폐有뛠多죎任컱务作ퟷ业튵?C?P??U的뗄运퓋行탐，ꎬ냑把资풴源벯集훐中폚于떥单룶个逻싟辑벭C??P?U中훐，ꎬ죃让?쪱时뿉可以틔适쫊时쪱打듲开뾪超뎬线쿟程돌，ꎬ쿭享쫜受뎬超쿟线돌程벼技쫵术带듸来살的뗄?单떥쿟线程돌程돌序탲늻不会믡因틲其웤中훐一튻个룶逻싟辑벭C??P?U闲쿐置훃而뛸减복?好뫃处뒦.ꎮ?低뗍탔性能쓜，ꎬ떫但평由폚于놻被춣停횹止퓋运탐行的뗄逻싟辑벭?C?P?U还뮹是쫇会믡?总ퟜ的뗄살来说쮵，ꎬ쒿目잰前풽越살来풽越뛠多뗄的죭软볾件튲也퓚在采닉用폃多뛠?等뗈待듽工릤作ퟷ，ꎬ햼占폃用튻一뚨定的뗄资源풴，ꎬ因틲此듋?Hy?p?e?r?-?Th?r?e?a?d?›?线쿟程돌技벼术쫵.ꎮ죧如캢微죭软的뗄W?o?r?d?软죭件볾就뻍采닉用폃了쇋这헢一튻技벼?i?n?g?C?P?U运퓋行탐?Si?n?gl?e T?a?s??k?Mo?d?e?程돌序탲模쒣式쪽时쪱，ꎬ폐有可뿉?术쫵，ꎬ죭软볾件쪹使폃用헟者퓚在잰前台첨볼键人죫字ퟖ符럻时쪱，ꎬ뫳后첨台同춬时쪱进뷸行탐?能쓜达듯不늻到떽不늻带듸超뎬线쿟程돌功릦能쓜的뗄C??P?U性탔能쓜.ꎮ?拼운写킴检볬查닩.ꎮ닉采폃用뛠多쿟线돌程技벼术쫵的뗄软죭件볾，ꎬ폈尤웤其쫇是춼图象쿳处뒦?(??2)?现쿖在퓚只횻有폐?Wi?nd?o??ws??X?P?才닅能쓜횧支持돖超뎬线쿟程돌?理샭软죭件볾如죧果맻在퓚这헢种훖芯킾片욬上짏运퓋行탐，ꎬ퓋运탐行速쯙뛈度将붫会믡得뗃?技벼术쫵，ꎬ쯹所틔以퓚在닙操ퟷ作쾵系춳统짏上受쫜到떽很뫜大듳的뗄限쿞制훆.ꎮ쯤虽然좻微캢?떽到明쏷显쿔提쳡升짽.ꎮ?软죭公릫司쮾新탂推췆出돶的뗄?Wi?nd?o??ws??V?I?S??T?A 系쾵统춳튲也支횧持돖该룃?튲也许탭未캴来살会믡出돶现쿖这헢样퇹的뗄场뎡景뺰:ꎺ웁屏쒻幕上짏正헽跑엜着ퟅ?技벼术쫵，ꎬ떫但是쫇?VI??S?T?A系쾵춳统뛔对볆计算쯣机믺硬펲件볾及벰软죭件볾的뗄?大듳型탍游폎戏쾷，ꎬ뛺耳뇟边传뒫来살悦퓃耳뛺的뗄歌루声짹，ꎬ看뾴看뾴后뫳台첨，ꎬ还뮹在퓚?要튪求쟳很뫜高룟，ꎬ쯹所以틔安낲装ힰ的뗄成돉本놾较뷏大듳.ꎮ?压톹缩쯵视쫓频욵文컄件볾呢쓘.ꎮ뺡尽맜管如죧此듋，ꎬ쯙速뛈度횮之뿬快튲也믡会令쇮用폃户뮧?(??3)?缺좱乏랦大듳量솿普웕通춨应펦用폃软죭件볾的뗄支횧持돖，ꎬ탔性쓜能因틲此듋?惊뺪叹첾:ꎺ헦真뗃得폐有헢这쎴么뛠多죎任컱务퓚在춬同쪱时횴执行탐吗싰?美쏀好뫃的뗄?得뗃不늻到떽充돤分럖体쳥现쿖.ꎮ?前잰景뺰还뮹需탨要튪软죭件볾工릤作ퟷ者헟的뗄不늻懈킸努얬力솦，ꎬ但떫헢这肯뿏定뚨是쫇??뎬쿟돌벼쫵킾욬뗄쪹폃붨틩?指횸日죕可뿉待듽的뗄，ꎬ쮫双뫋核탄心벼技쫵术迅톸猛쏍发랢展햹，ꎬ쿠相펦应뗄的多뛠线쿟程돌?6 超线程技术芯片的使用建议软죭件볾开뾪发랢的뗄配엤合뫏是쫇其웤向쿲前잰发랢展햹的뗄动뚯力솦.ꎮ?超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵的뗄出돶现쿖，ꎬ컞元异틬于폚高룟楼슥平욽地뗘起웰，ꎬ춨通过맽?늻뛠뗄춶죫ꎬ폐킧쳡룟쇋뒦샭웷탔쓜ꎮ떫쫇죧맻쿖?参닎考뾼文컄献쿗:ꎺ?不多的投入，有效提高了处理器性能.但是如果现퓚在要튪购릺机믺，ꎬ폃用户뮧该룃做ퟶ怎퓵样퇹的뗄选톡择퓱呢쓘，ꎬ从듓现쿖状ힴ来살看뾴，ꎬ?[?1??J汤쳀子ퟓ溅，ꎬ헜哲럯凤웁屏，ꎬ쳀汤킡小떤丹ꎮ.볆计쯣算믺机닙操ퟷ作쾵系统춳[??MJ?.ꎮ西컷安낲gꎺ?컞싛쫇낺맳뗄쮫뒦샭쾵춳ꎬ뮹쫇쿠뛔뇣틋뗄뎬쿟?西컷安낲电뗧子ퟓ科뿆技벼大듳学톧出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ?19?9?6?.ꎮ?无论是昂贵的双处理系统，还是相对便宜的超线돌뒦샭웷ꎬ웕춨폃뮧뚼쎻폐톡릺뗄뇘튪ꎮ뇏뺹ꎬ쯼?[?2?J?刘쇵振헱鹏열，ꎬ샮李퇇亚平욽，ꎬ췵王嫂ꎬ，헅张쏷明ꎮ.닙操ퟷ作쾵系统춳?[M?J?.ꎮ北놱京뺩ꎻz훐中?程处理器，普通用户都没有选购的必要.毕竟，它쏇뗄탔볛뇈뮹쒩듯떽ퟮ병횵ꎮ죧맻럇뎣뿊췻펵폐?맺国铁쳺道뗀出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ2?0?0?3?.ꎮ?们的性价比还末达到最佳值.如果非常渴望拥有쯼ꎬ뿉틔뗈듽쯼뗄볛룱뷸튻늽쿂붵ꎬ늢폐듳솿횧돖?[?3?J?张헅尧튢学톧，ꎬ쪷史쏀美쇖林.ꎮ볆计쯣算믺机操닙作ퟷ系쾵统춳教뷌程돌(?第뗚?2냦版?)?[?MJ?.ꎮ?它，可以等待它的价格进一步下降，并有大量支持뛠쿟돌뗄웕춨죭볾돶쿖뫳퓙릺싲ꎮ늻맽ꎬ뛔폚룟늻?北놱京뺩zꎻ清쟥华뮪大듳学톧出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ2?0?0?0?.ꎮ?多线程的普通软件出现后再购买.不过，对于高不?[4?J?姑맃苏쯕飘욮雪톩.ꎮ틬异쟺曲춬同릤工?뷢解컶析쮫双뫋核탄心볜架릹构벰及뎬超쿟线돌程技벼术쫵?돉成f뗍屈늻不뻍就뗄的뛸高뛋端ퟀ桌쏦面处뒦샭理领쇬域폲用폃户뮧，ꎬ뎬超쿟线돌程处뒦理샭?[?J?J?.ꎮ电뗧脑쓔迷쏔，ꎬ2?0??05??(1??9)? ꎺ: 2??3ꆪ-2?4?.ꎮ? 器웷就뻍显쿔露슶出돶它쯼的뗄优폅势쫆来살了쇋.ꎮ헢这튲也쫇是目쒿잰前뎬超线쿟程돌处뒦??[5?J?赵헔海몣阔삫，ꎬ锥向쿲东뚫.ꎮ?I?nt?e?l?뒦处理샭器웷中훐超뎬线쿟程돌技벼术쫵的뗄应펦用폃?理샭器웷主훷要튪定뚨位캻之횮一튻.ꎮ폐有了쇋超뎬线쿟程돌处뒦理샭器웷，ꎬ쓇那킩些需탨要튪?[??J?ꎮJ룊.쯠甘肃룟高쪦师톧学报놨，ꎬ2??0?06?(?5?)?.ꎺ6?7?-ꆪ6?9?.ꎮ? 处뒦理샭大듳量솿图춼形탎多뛠媒쎽体쳥运퓋算쯣，ꎬ甚짵至훁进뷸行탐服럾务컱器웷应펦用폃，ꎬ?而뛸又폖难쓑以틔承돐受쫜昂낺贵맳的뗄双쮫处뒦理샭系쾵统춳的뗄用폃户뮧，ꎬ就뻍成돉为캪?(?쿂下转第뗚?51?튳页)?了쇋ퟮ最병佳受쫜益틦헟者.ꎮ평由폚于헢这랽方쏦面뗄的죭软볾件듳大뛠多数쫽已틑经뺭支횧?
캬웕톶 第뗚4?期웚?罗싞国맺忠훒=ꎺ췢外쫆势뎡场훐中샭理想쿫늣玻色즫气웸体쳥的뗄玻늣色즫一ꆪ一ꆪ-낮爱틲因쮹斯첹坦쓽凝뻛聚뗄的죈热죝容性탔质훊????51 E?似，这个相似在于它包含了当气体能量上升时克 ω?? =?ꎺ斗jꆻ凹叭ε?叫4ρ(?Eωερ?) ꇪꎬ?쯆ꎬ헢룶쿠쯆퓚폚쯼냼몬쇋떱웸쳥쓜솿짏짽쪱뿋?服럾쫆势뎡场所쯹ퟷ作的뗄功릦.ꎮ뾼考싇虑떽到쾵系춳统뗄的主훷要튪项쿮?(g?ε?可뿉作ퟷ?为캪了쇋计볆算쯣E?(?η?T)?需탨要튪明쏷确좷的뗄表뇭示쪾出돶?μμ(?η?T)?来살，ꎬ틲因듋此?为캪一튻个룶整헻体쳥)?죧如맻果컒我쏇们쿫想뗃得到떽接뷓近뷼?Tc'ꎬ即벴μꎯ?句??0?쪱时?将붫式쪽?(3?ω?〉룄改킴写캪为?的뗄C?(?T?)?值횵，ꎬ쓇那쎴么뷶仅탨需튪要볆计算쯣?μc?rn?벴即可뿉(?μ(??T;ꎯ?) ???ꆣ?ꇆ????ꎯ?뚡?=?0?)?.ꎮ从듓式쪽(?5?)?뿉可看뾴出돶如죧果맻?μ(?r?-:?-)?ꇙ手0?ꎬ，쓇那쎴么퓚在T?c?N= Nexp[JμIKTJo 十三二????j=l 处뒦热죈容죝将붫有폐一튻个룶不늻连솬续탸出돶现쿖.ꎮ同춬文컄献쿗[??1?]훐中룕刚탔性뫐盒?rρ(以?p?(?舌?)dE?ꎮωꋩ?中훐컞元췢外쫆势뎡场훐中샭理想쿫玻늣色즫气웸体쳥相쿠比뇈，ꎬ솽两헟者的뗄热죈容죝不늻?同춬，ꎬ닺产짺生헢这룶个닮差틬异뗄的풭原因틲是쫇Eꇪ튻=?扩1ꎯ?2?m，ꎬ后뫳者헟是쫇Eꇪ?=?맊죈죝????튻?ØJE(T) 故热容C(T)=丁于一可表示成뿚??뿉뇭쪾돉?(?ρ2?1?2?m)?十??以??r)?.ꎮ由평폚于쫆势场뎡相쿠对뛔于폚刚룕性탔盒뫐有폐一튻个룶???????「ꎮω(E)?变ꆣ?更룼大듳的뗄约풼束쫸力솦，ꎬ죈热容죝随쯦着ퟅ势쫆场뎡的뗄变뇤化뮯而뛸变뇤化뮯.ꎮ?C(T) =一一|旦丘三(n.)ZKTJ g. ?ꎬ???ꇁ?????ꎮꋨ?닎参考뾼文컄献쿗:ꎺ?p(5) [μ(T)十平Jxex[弓牛E[1]汪志诚.热力学统计物理[MJ.北京g高等教育出版其웤中훐????췴횾돏ꎮ죈솦톧춳볆컯샭???ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ룟뗈뷌폽돶냦?于짧士，ꎬ1?9?9?3?:ꎺ2?8??4-ꆤ?28?8?.ꎮ ??튻?ꎮ??[2?J? ?B?A?G?NA??T?O ?V?,ꎬD??AV?I?D? ??E ??P,ꎬD??A?NI?E??L? K?.ꎮ ?B?o?se??-E??in?›μ(T) = ~ ?튻?ØJT ?st?e?i?n? c??o?nd??e?n?s?a?ti?on?? ?in ??an? ?e?x??te??rn?a??l p??o?t?e?n?t?ia?l?D?J?.ꆣ ?P?hy?s?.ꎮ? ?뷡맻폫쳖싛??R?ev?.ꎮ ?A ,ꎬ1?9?8?7?,ꎬ?3?5(?1?0?)?:ꎺ4?3?5?4?-?4?3?5?8?.ꎮ? 2 结果与讨论从듓式쪽(??5)?中훐看뾴到떽C?(?뚡T)?폫与等뗈压톹热죈容죝?C乡뗄的相쿠????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????The Heat Capacity Properties of Bose-Einstein Condensation for ?Id?e?a?l? ?B?os?e? ?G?a??s ?i?n? a??n? ?E?x?te?r?n?a?l? P?o?t?e??nt?i?a?l? F?i?e??l?d? ?L U??O? G?u?o??-?z?ho??n?g? ?(D?e??pa?r??tm?e??n?t? ?of? ?P??hy?s?i?cs?ꎬ, ?Xi?n?z?h?ou?? T?e?a?c??h?e?rs? ??U?ni?v?e?rs?i?ty?ꎬ, X??inz??ho?u? ?0?3?4?0?0?0?,ꎬ ?C?hi?na?)? ?A??b?s?t?r?a?c?t:ꎺ T?h?i?s?? ?a?rt?i?c?l?e?? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????튻?studies the problem of Bose--Einste n condensat on for the ideal bose gas in exter›??????????????????????????????????????????ꎬ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????nal potential f eld of the arbitrary spatial, thus the heat capac ty is calculated and the heat capacity ?pr?o??pe?r?t?i??e?s? i?s? ?di?s?c?u?s?s?e?d?.ꎮ? ?Ke??y? w??o?rd??s:ꎺ ?e?xt?e?r?n?a??l? p??ot?e?n?t?i?a?l? ?f ?e?l?d;ꎻ b?o??se?? g??a?se?;ꎻ ?B?o?se??-?Ei?n?s?te? ?n? c??o?n?d?e?n?sa??ti??o?nꎬ, ?he?a??t? c??a?pc?i?t?y? (?짏上뷓接第뗚1?0?1?页튳)?T?he? ?A?n?a?l?y?s?i?s? ?o??f? H?y?p?e?r?-?T?h?r?e?a?d?i?n?g?T?e?c?h?n?o?l?o?g?y?? Z?H?A?N?G??Yun (?S?c?h?o?o??l ?o?f? M??a?t?he?m?a?t?i?c?s?? ?an?d? ?I?n??f?or?m??a?ti?on?ꎬ?????????????????????ꎬ??????????????ꎬ?????,Gansu Lianhe University,Lanzhou 730000,China) ?A?b?s?t?r?a?c?t:ꎺ ?Th?e?? u??se?? o?f?? H?y?p?e?r?-ꆪT?h?r?e?a?d?i?n?g?T?e?c?h?n?o?l?og??y? ????????????????????????????ꎮ?????????????????in the CPU is gradually spread. This paper makes a ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꆪ?comparison between its advantages and disadvantages through analying principles of Hyper-Thread›i?n?gT?e?c?h?n?o?l?o?g?y?.ꎮ ?Th?e?? a?u??t?h?o?r? g? ?v??es?? ?so??m?e? a?d??v ?s?e?? o?n?? ?ho??w? ?to?? l?e??t? f?u?n?c?t?i?o?n?? ?of?? ?the?? H?y?p?e?r?-?T?h?r?e?a?d?i?ng??Te?c?h?n?o?l??o›ꆪ??gy?? C??P?U? ??????????ꎮ?to the best. ?????????ꎺ???????ꎻ???????ꎻ?????ꆪ???????????????????ꎻ?????????Key words: process ; threads ; H yper-ThreadingTe chnology; d ual core
