ꆡ탄ꆡ샭ꆡ톧ꆡ놨ꆡ2007,39(1):184ꆫ190ꆡꆡActaPsychologicaSinica뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄샭싛탄샭톧3튶뫆짺(쓏뺩쪦랶듳톧탄샭톧퇐뺿쯹,쓏뺩210097)햪ꆡ튪ꆡ쯦ퟅ뺭퇩쪵횤훷틥뗄쮥실,탄샭톧펭살쇋뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺ꆣ퓚뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺,죋쏇뛔샭싛뫍뺭퇩맛달뗄맘쾵폐쇋탂뗄샭뷢ꆣ샭싛늻퓙쫇뺭퇩맛달뗄뢽쫴컯,쿠랴,뺭퇩쫂쪵쫇놻샭싛뻶뚨뗄ꆣ샭싛늻쫇뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄룅삨뫍맩쓉,뛸쫇튻훖컄뮯샺쪷뗄붨릹ꆣ뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄샭싛탄샭톧틔뿢뛷뗄랶쪽싛ꆢ쿖쿳톧ꆢ쫍틥톧뫍짧믡붨릹싛ퟷ캪ퟔ벺뗄헜톧믹뒡ꆣ샭싛뗄움볛뇪ힼ늻퓙쫇폫뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄튻훂탔ꆣ틲캪뺭퇩쫂쪵평폚쫜떽샭싛뗄컛좾,늻퓙쫇튻훖뿍맛뗄뇪ힼꆣ퓚뫳뺭퇩훷틥쳵볾쿂,샭싛뗄움볛뇪ힼ뿉붨솢퓚룅쓮뫍싟벭ꆢ볛횵맛뫍틢쪶탎첬ꆢ탞듇폫탰쫂틔벰쪵볹뫍펦폃뗄쮮욽짏ꆣ맘볼듊ꆡ샭싛탄샭톧,뫳뺭퇩훷틥,싟벭쪵횤훷틥,뫳쿖듺훷틥,랶쪽싛ꆣ럖샠뫅ꆡB84-09ꆡꆡ뺭퇩훷틥퓸뺭쫇탄샭톧뗄풪샭싛믹뒡ꆣ틀헕뺭훷틥뗄뺭퇩횤쪵풭퓲,쯹폐뗄쏼쳢ꆢ돂쫶뫍샭싛맛뗣퇩훷틥뿆톧맛,뿆톧퇐뺿쪼폚뺭퇩맛달,튻쟐횪쪶뚼뚼뇘탫틀뻝뺭퇩,듓뺭퇩맛달훐쳡솶뫍돩좡,죎뫎샭뇘탫붨솢퓚뺭퇩맛달뗄믹뒡짏,죎뫎췑샫뺭퇩쫂쪵싛룅쓮뇭쫶뗄뚼뇘탫쫇뺭퇩맛달믱좡뗄쫂쪵뫍쓚뗄샭싛뫍룅쓮뚼쫇쎻폐틢틥뗄ꆣ퓚헢훖뿆톧맛뗄횸죝,횻폐쓜놻뺭퇩맛달횤쪵믲횤캱,닅쫇폐틢틥뗄,떼쿂,탄샭뿆톧돉캪쯑벯뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄닙ퟷ믮뚯,샭싛럱퓲뻍쫇컞틢틥뗄뫍럇뿆톧뗄ꆣ탐캪훷틥업돢탄쮼캬돉캪뗚뛾캻뗄,듎튪뗄,폐쪱짵훁돉캪늻뇘튪뗄샭ꆢ틢쪶뗈룅쓮,잿뗷룅쓮뗄닙ퟷ뚨틥,쯹틀뻝뗄헽뫍놻뷻횹뗄ꆣ벤뷸뗄탐캪훷틥헟쮹뷰쓉퓸뺭탻쫇헢퇹튻훖뺭퇩훷틥뗄맛뗣ꆣ돆[1],뿆톧훐쎻폐샭싛컊쳢,벴쪹싟벭컊쳢튲펦룃ꆡꆡ퓚헢퇹튻훖쮼쿫쳥쾵훐,탄샭톧볒뛔샭싛뗄샭춨맽쪵퇩살뷢뻶,틲듋샭싛뛔폚탄샭톧볒살쮵쫇늻뷢쫇럇뎣쿁낯뗄:뗚튻,샭싛쫇뛔쫂쪵뗄맩쓉뫍돩뇘튪뗄ꆣ샭싛탄샭톧뗄랢햹평듋쿝죫쇋뗍마ꆣ쿳ꆣ헢쫇탄샭톧볒뛔샭싛ퟮ쇷탐뗄뾴램ꆣ틀뻝헢훖ꆡꆡ좻뛸,쯦ퟅ뺭퇩훷틥벰웤쿖듺뗄듺뇭ꆪ싟벭쪵맛뗣,샭싛늻쫇뛀솢듦퓚뗄,쯼틀뢽폚쫂쪵,쫇탄샭횤훷틥뗄쮥실,탄샭톧펭살쇋뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺ꆣ퓚톧볒퓚뺭맽뎤웚볨뿠뗄쫂쪵쯑벯횮뫳뗄맩쓉헻샭릤뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺샯,죋쏇뛔샭싛뫍뺭퇩맛달뗄맘쾵ퟷꆣ탄샭톧볒뛔쯹뗃떽뗄뺭퇩쫂쪵뷸탐럖컶뫍ퟛ폐쇋탂뗄샭뷢ꆣ샭싛늻퓙쫇뺭퇩맛달뗄뢽쫴컯,쿠뫏,맩쓉뫍돩쿳,듓훐룅삨돶룅쓮ꆢ뚨싉뫍쮼쿫맛쓮랴,뺭퇩쫂쪵쫇놻샭싛뻶뚨뗄ꆣ퓚늻춬뗄샭싛뿲볜뗈튻냣탔뗄풭샭,헢킩튻냣탔뗄풭샭ퟩ뫏웰살뗄쳥쿂,튻룶뺭퇩쫂쪵뻟폐췪좫늻춬뗄틢틥ꆣ헢퇹튻살,쾵뻍릹돉쇋샭싛뗄돻탍ꆣ떫쫇,평폚샭싛쫇뺭퇩닄샭싛놻훘탂뢳폨쇋훘튪볛횵폫ퟷ폃ꆣ틔샭싛퇐뺿캪쇏뗄맩쓉뫍룅삨,틲뛸샭싛쫇믲좻뗄,쎻폐뇘좻뗄웕벺죎뗄샭싛탄샭톧쏦쇙ퟅ탂뗄랢햹웵믺ꆣ[2,3]뇩틢틥ꆣ뗚뛾,샭싛쫇뛔쫂쪵뗄뷢쫍ꆣ뿆톧뗄쫗튪믮뚯쫇뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄쯑벯,떫쫇뺭퇩쫂쪵쫇쇣즢뗄,폐1ꆡ뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄ꆰ샭싛ꆱ퓌몬쪱쫂쪵폫쫂쪵횮볤듦퓚ퟅ쎬뛜폫돥춻,틲듋탨튪샭ꆡꆡ퓚뺭퇩훷틥쪢탐뗄쓪듺샯,뺭퇩맛달쫇볬퇩헦싛볒살ퟶꆰ릴러ꆱ뗄릤ퟷ,헒돶뺭퇩쫂쪵횮볤뗄솪샭뗄캨튻뇪ힼ,튻쟐샭싛뚼뇘탫뮹풭캪뺭퇩쏼쳢뛸쾵,뷢쫍쎬뛜폫돥춻뗄쫂쪵ꆣ퓚헢샯,샭싛돉캪볨뿠쫜떽뺭퇩맛달뗄ퟮ훕볬퇩ꆣ샭싛룅쓮놾짭쎻폐죎뫎뗄쫂쪵쯑벯횮뫳뗄ꆰ쏖늹탔뗄ꆱ릤ퟷꆣ뗚죽,샭싛쫇틢틥,쯼쏇뗄틢틥퓚폚횤쪵뗄랽램ꆣ틀뻝싟벭쪵횤쪵퇩볙짨뗄살풴ꆣ쪵퇩ퟷ캪뺭퇩맛달뗄ퟮ룟뫍ퟮ뿆ꆡ쫕룥죕웚:2006-06-063붭쯕쪡헜톧짧믡뿆톧쪮컥맦뮮훘뗣쿮쒿(04JYA001)ꆣꆡ춨톶ퟷ헟:튶뫆짺,E2mail:hsyecanada@ꆡ184' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡ1웚튶뫆짺:뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄샭싛탄샭톧ꆡ185톧뗄탎쪽쫇뺭퇩훷틥ퟮ췆돧뗄퇐뺿랽램ꆣ떫쫇탄샭뿲볜쓚닅쓜놻샭뷢뫍죏쪶ꆣ헢뻍쫇쮵,쿠뛔폚뺭퇩톧볒퓚쪵퇩뷸탐횮잰,ퟜ쫇쫗쿈뻟폐쒳훖볙짨,좻뫳맛달,샭싛쫇쫗튪뗄뫍뗚튻캻뗄ꆣ샭싛뻶뚨쇋쓄킩춨맽쪵퇩좥퇩횤헢룶볙짨,죧맻헢룶볙짨춨맽쇋쪵맛달떽뗄뚫컷쫇쫂쪵,쓄킩맛달떽뗄뚫컷늻쫇쫂쪵ꆣ퇩퇩횤,퓲돉캪쒳훖헦샭탔뗄죏쪶,죧맻늻쓜춨맽,퓚헢샯,샭싛뗄ퟷ폃뗃떽쇋헃쿔,뿆톧샭싛훘탂믱뗃볙짨퓲놻엗웺ꆣ탐캪훷틥헟뫕뛻뗄볙짨∃퇝틯샭싛쇋쯼펦룃뗃떽뗄ퟰ훘ꆣ틔샭싛퇐뺿캪훷튪죎컱뗄샭쳥쾵쯹쳥쿖뗄헽쫇헢퇹튻훖맛뗣ꆣ퓚헢샯,쯤좻샭싛탄샭톧튲믱뗃쇋듦퓚뫍랢햹뗄샭평ꆣ싛볙짨퓚쪵퇩뗄짨볆훐냧퇝쇋쒳훖믽벫뗄ퟷ폃,떫ꆡꆡ퓚뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺,탄샭톧볒뛔ꆰ샭싛ꆱ폐쇋튻쫇평폚샭싛볙짨죔좻쫇놻뺭퇩횤쪵ퟳ폒뗄,틲뛸춬훖좫탂뗄샭뷢ꆣ퓚뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺,ꆰ샭싛뺭뎣놻쫓웤쯻솽훖맛뗣튻퇹,뚼쿞훆쇋샭싛놾펦랢믓뗄쓜뚯캪뒫춳뿆톧랽램뗄웍죋,벴샭싛놻쫓캪랽램뗄튻룶ퟷ폃,쫇뛔ꆰ샭싛ꆱ뗄쿁낯샭뷢ꆣ늿럖ꆣ샭싛튪쎴놻뾴ퟷ쫇쓜쳡릩뿉퇩횤볙짨뗄쮼ꆡꆡ짏쫶맛뗣뗄뫋탄퓚폚죏캪샭싛쫇놻뚯뗄ꆢ쿻벫뇦,튪쎴뾴돉쫇쾵춳맛달뫳싟벭췆샭뗄뷡맻ꆣ듓헢뗄,쫇캪뺭퇩맛달쯹뻶뚨뗄ꆣ틔헢훖맛뗣캪횸떼,뇘훖쿁낯뗄맛뗣살뾴,샭싛늻뻟폐움볛뗄룹뻝뫍엺에좻쟡쫓샭싛탄샭톧뗄릤ퟷꆣ퓚탄샭톧뗄랢햹쪷짏,뗄릦쓜ꆭꆭꆱ[6]떫쫇퓚뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺,샭싛뗄쫗뫕뛻뗄샭싛쳥쾵쪧냜틔뫳,탄샭톧볒뻍즥쪧쇋뛔샭튪릦쓜쫇움볛뫍엺에,쫇탄샭톧볒뛔ퟔ벺뺭퇩릤ퟷ싛뗄탋좤,뛸뾪쪼첽쳖뺭퇩쫂쪵룅삨뗄ꆰ쒣탍ꆱ뗄랴쮼뫍랴쪡ꆣꆰ샭싛폫웤쮵쫇폐맘죋샠탐캪낸샽(model)ꆣ틔쒣탍뗄릹붨좡듺쇋샭싛뗄첽쳖ꆣ쪵볊뗄ퟜ뷡,늻죧쮵쫇쪹탄샭톧볒듓컞킧뗄ꆢ톹틖탔뗄룅짏,뺭퇩훷틥맛뗣퓚헜톧훐퓧뻍쫜떽엺에ꆣ싟벭쪵쓮훐뷢럅돶살뗄튻훖랽쪽ꆣ쳘뇰쫇붨훾퓚샭탔짏뗄횤훷틥뗄쮥실뇪횾ퟅ뿆톧헜톧뷸죫쇋뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱엺움붫쪹뗃탄샭톧볒뇦뇰돶횲룹폚쳘뚨튻ퟩ볙짨훐듺ꆣ뿆톧헜톧볒늨웕죏캪,샭싛쿈폚뺭퇩맛달,틲캪뗄컊쳢벰웤룷훖짧믡붨훆뮯뗄뇭쿖,냑탄샭톧볒듓맛달뻟폐쒿뗄탔뫍톡퓱탔,뛸쒿뗄탔뫍톡퓱탔쫇샭믺킵훘뢴훐뷢뻈돶살ꆣꆱ[7]싛맛쓮뗄ퟷ폃,쟒맛달훐폐샭뷢,폐샭싛맛쓮뗄횸ꆡꆡ폫뺭퇩훷틥뗄맛뗣쿠랴,뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄샭떼,쫇퓚튻뚨뗄샭싛맛뗣뗄횸떼쿂뷸탐뗄ꆣ틲듋,샭싛늢럇살풴폚맛달폫쪵퇩뗈뺭퇩닙ퟷ믮뚯ꆣ쯼늻쫇싛쿈폚뺭퇩맛달ꆣ쇭튻캻뿆톧헜톧볒몺즭(Han2뺭퇩쫂쪵쯑벯횮뫳뗄룅삨뫍맩쓉ꆣ맛달뫍쪵퇩평폚son,)퓚웤훸쏻뗄ꆶ랢쿖뗄쒣쪽ꆷ튻쫩훐,닻쫶쇋쫜떽룶쳥뺭퇩뗄쿞훆,늻뿉쓜뎬풽쪱볤ꆢ뗘뗣뫍뻟쳥ꆰ맛달뢺퓘샭싛ꆱ뗄쮼쿫,몺즭횸돶,맛달쫇튻훖뢺퇹놾뗄뻖쿞,틲뛸쓑틔닺짺뻟폐튻냣탔뗄샭싛ꆣ컞퓘샭싛뗄믮뚯,뻶뚨맛달헟뾴떽쪲쎴,늢늻좡뻶폚맛싛쯑벯쇏뗄뺭퇩믮뚯릤ퟷ솿뛠쎴뻞듳,쯹뗃떽뗄달헟뗄쫓췸쒤펳쿳,뛸쫇좡뻶폚맛달헟틑폐뗄샭싛쫽뻝뛠쎴뺫좷,돉쫬뗄뿆톧샭싛튲늻뿉쓜퓚헢훖믮룅쓮,쯻틑폐횪쪶뻶뚨쇋쯻뛔쒳튻쫂컯뗄맛달ꆣ[4]뚯훐닺짺ꆣ듓뿆톧뗄랢햹쪷짏살뾴,샭싛볒췹췹춨몺즭맘폚ꆰ맛달뢺퓘샭싛ꆱ뗄쏼쳢듓룹놾짏럱뚨쇋맽뒿듢뗄쮼뇦쳡돶쇋뒴탂탔뗄샭싛룅쓮,죧풭ퟓꆢ맢뺭퇩훷틥뗄횪쪶뇪ힼ,룸쇋뺭퇩훷틥뿆톧헜톧뗄ퟮ늨ꆢ쿠뛔싛뗈뗈ꆣ헢킩샭싛룅쓮ퟮ돵늢쎻폐맛달뫍훷튪듺뇭ꆪ싟벭쪵횤훷틥틔훂쏼뗄듲믷,캪탄샭톧쪵퇩뗄쇏ퟷ캪믹뒡ꆣ쯼쏇뒿듢쫇돩쿳쮼캬뗄닺볒훘탂죏쪶샭싛뗄ퟷ폃뗬뚨쇋믹뒡ꆣ컯,떫쫇헢킩샭싛룅쓮뛔틔뫳뗄뿆톧쪵볹좴닺짺쇋ꆡꆡ뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄뗤탍톧쮵쫇뿢뛷뗄랶쪽뻞듳뗄펰쿬ꆣ싛ꆣ[5]랶쪽싛춬퇹잿뗷쇋샭싛뗄쓜뚯ퟷ폃ꆣ퓚뿢뛷ꆡꆡ뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄튻룶뗤탍쳘헷쫇잿뗷샭싛뗄뗄랶쪽싛훐,ퟮ훘튪뗄룅쓮쫇ꆰ랶쪽ꆱꆣ랶쪽쫗쿈쫇짧믡붨릹쳘탔ꆣ뺭퇩훷틥훷헅뺭퇩쫂쪵폫샭싛룅쓮튻훖ꆰ샭싛뿲볜ꆱ믲ꆰ죏쪶쒣탍ꆱ,맩룹뷡뗗쫇튻훖샭뗄튻훂탔맛뗣,죏캪샭싛쫇뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄킴헕ꆣ뫳뺭싛쳥쾵ꆣ틀헕뿢뛷뗄맛뗣,퓚뎣맦뿆톧쪱웚,샭싛랶퇩훷틥쳵볾쿂,샭싛놾짭쫇뛀솢뗄,쫇쮼쿫볒퓚뿆톧쪽뻶뚨쇋퇐뺿컊쳢뗄톡퓱,뻶뚨쇋뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄쯑벯ꆣ믮뚯뫍짧믡쪵볹훐뗄붨릹뫍랢쏷ꆣ샭싛룅쓮늻쫇뺭뿆톧믮뚯뗄쒿뇪뻍쫇냑튻쟐뚼쓉죫랶쪽뗄맦퓲뫍뿲퇩맩쓉뗄닺컯,뛸쫇튻훖짧믡붨릹,쫇횲룹폚쳘뚨샺볜훐,퓚헢샯,샭싛뗄쓜뚯ퟷ폃쫇쏷쿔뗄,폫샭싛뿲쪷뫍컄뮯뗄죋쏇킭짌ꆢ뛔뮰뗄뷡맻ꆣퟜ횮,샭싛쫇볜늻튻훂뗄쫂쪵쫇뺭퇩맛달쯹늻쓜듯떽뗄ꆣ뿆톧룯ꆰ랢쏷ꆱ뗄,뛸늻쫇뛔뺭퇩쇏뗄ꆰ맩쓉뫍룅삨ꆱꆣ쏼횮뫳,샭싛뗄ퟷ폃룼볓쏷쿔,룯쏼잰뗄톼ퟓ퓚탂뗄ꆡꆡퟮ뫳,뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄샭싛쫇튻훖뛔뮰ꆣ쯼샭싛뿲볜쓚뿉쓜뇤돉쇋췃ퟓ,틲캪뺭퇩쫂쪵쫇쿠뛔늻쿱뺭퇩훷틥쓇퇹,탻돆ퟔ벺뗄샭싛쫇뺭맽볬퇩뗄폚랶쪽뗄,뺭퇩맛달뗃떽뗄뚫컷뇘탫퓚튻뚨뗄샭싛헦샭,쫇좷뚨뗄뫍폀뫣뗄ꆣ퓚탄샭톧뗄랢햹쪷짏,쎿' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡ186탄ꆡꆡ샭ꆡꆡ톧ꆡꆡ놨39뻭튻훖샭싛쳥쾵뚼탻돆ퟔ벺뗄캨튻헽좷탔,떫ퟮ훕뗄떼뿆톧볒릤ퟷ뗄튻훖뚨쿲랽쪽ꆣ짏쫶맛뗣뚼쮵쏷쇋쫂쪵횤쏷쇋쯼쏇뗄퓝쪱탔ꆣ퓚뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺,샭ퟷ캪샭싛쳥쾵뗄랶쪽뛔폚뿆톧믮뚯뗄횸떼틢틥ꆣ틔싛볈좻쫇튻훖짧믡붨릹,쓇쎴평폚늻춬뗄샺쪷쪱웚ꆢ헢훖맛뗣ퟷ캪샭싛탄샭톧뗄헜톧믹뒡,탄샭톧샭싛늻춬뗄톧엉뫍죋컯룷ퟔ폐웤ퟔ벺뗄붨릹,틲뛸죎뫎첽쳖뗄훘튪탔퓲늻퇔ퟔ쏷쇋ꆣ튻훖붨릹뚼쎻폐쳘좨탻돆ퟔ벺뗄샭싛맛뗣쫇폀뫣뗄ꆡꆡ뿢뛷뗄랶쪽싛튲캪탄샭톧좷솢쇋튻훖럇뺭퇩훷헦샭ꆣ쿠랴,샭싛뷶뷶쫇퓝쪱탔뗄,쫇튻룶늻뛏햹뾪틥뗄뿆톧맛뫍랽램싛ꆣ뺭퇩훷틥튻횱쫇컷랽훷쇷탄뗄뛔뮰맽돌,뿉룹뻝쪵볹뗄탨튪뷸탐늹돤뫍탞헽ꆣ샭톧뗄헜톧믹뒡ꆣ퓚뺭퇩훷틥뿆톧맛뗄횸떼쿂,컷ꆡꆡ탨튪횸돶뗄쫇,뺡맜뺭퇩훷틥뫍뫳뺭퇩훷틥듺랽훷쇷탄샭톧틔ퟔ좻뿆톧캪뾬쒣,솢ퟣ폚뿍맛랽램,뇭쇋솽훖샭싛쟣쿲,떫쫇솽헟횮볤뗄뛔솢쫇쿠뛔뗄ꆣ잿뗷뺭퇩쫂쪵뛔샭싛뗄뻶뚨ퟷ폃,랴뛔뛔죋샠탄쇩퓚샭싛폫뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄맘쾵짏,솽헟뗄맛뗣탎돉쿊쏷훷맛튻쏦뗄죎뫎샭싛첽쯷ꆣ뛸뿢뛷뗄랶쪽싛횸돶쇋뗄뛔헕,떫쫇퓚믱좡횪쪶뗄춾뺶짏,솽헟뗄훷헅폖듦랶쪽뗄훷맛뫍럇샭탔랽쏦,횸돶쇋뿆톧믮뚯훐뗄짧퓚쒳킩릲춬횮뒦,죧뫳쿖듺탄샭톧뺡맜잿뗷샭싛뗄믡컄뮯쫴탔ꆣ뛔폚뿆톧믮뚯뗄죋컄뫍럇샭탔랽쏦,짧믡붨릹쳘탔,떫쫇죔좻춨맽뺭퇩쪵횤랽램싛횤ퟔ뒫춳뗄뺭퇩쪵횤랽램쫇솦늻듓탄뗄,횻쓜쫓뛸늻볻벺뗄맛뗣ꆣ믲뺴뛸풶횮ꆣ뿢뛷퓲쪹폃쫍틥톧뗄랽램뷸탐럖컶,횸돶ퟔ좻뿆톧뫍죋컄뿆톧튻퇹,뚼탨튪쫍틥톧뗄?2ꆡ뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺샭싛탄샭톧뗄헜톧믹뒡쫍,헢뻍캪좷솢튻훖탂뗄뿆톧맛뫍랽램싛,캪?쫍헢훖샭싛쮼캬랽쪽뷸죫탄샭톧뗬뚨쇋샭싛믹뒡ꆣꆡꆡ퓚뺭퇩훷틥쪢탐뗄쯪퓂샯,샭싛탄샭톧볒뗄릤ꆡ쿖쿳톧ퟷ훷튪쫇뛔쯹쯑벯떽뗄뺭퇩쫂쪵뷸탐돩쿳뫍룅삨ꆣꆡꆡ쪵횤싛뗄뺭퇩훷틥맛뗣냑뿆톧퇐뺿쿞훆퓚뺭퇩틔헢훖랽쪽뗃떽뗄샭싛ퟮ뛠뿉돆횮캪ꆰ킡샭싛ꆱ,믲뗄랶캧쓚,훷헅횻폐쓇킩듓뺭퇩짏뿉맛달뫍릲횤뗄헟룼캪뺫좷뗘쮵,쫇튻훖뺭퇩ꆰ쒣탍ꆱꆣ쯦ퟅ뺭퇩훷쫂쪵뫍뺭퇩쪵횤랽램닅뻟폐뿆톧틢틥ꆣ쿖쿳톧뗄뒴틥뿆톧맛뗄뚯튡,샭싛탄샭톧펭살쇋뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱쪼죋뫺죻뛻퓲쳡돶쇋쇭췢튻훖뿆톧맛,횸돶틢쪶뗄듺ꆣ퓚뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺,ꆰ듓ퟜ쳥짏붲,쓇훖냑샭싛탎뛸짏톧쮼뇦튲뿉틔돉캪뿆톧퇐뺿뗄뛔쿳ꆣ뫺죻뛻쫓캪횪쪶뗄뫪듳ퟜ뷡ꆢ뒿듢샭탔뗄ꆢ냚췑쇋볛횵욫볻죏캪,뺭퇩쪵횤랽램뷶뷶잿뗷쇋뿍맛탔뛸뫶쫓쇋훷뗄뒫춳맛뗣헽뮺싽뗘뛝죫샺쪷ꆣ샭싛쟣쿲뗄탄샭톧맛탔,룮쇑쇋훷뿍쳥뗄춳튻맘쾵,쿞훆쇋뿆톧퇐뺿뗄볒쏦쇙뗄훷튪컊쳢쫇캪탄샭톧뗄샭싛릤ퟷ톰헒튻룶랶캧ꆣ믹뒡풭샭ꆣꆱ[7]쓇쎴,샭싛탄샭톧틔쪲쎴퇹뗄풭샭ퟷꆡꆡ쪵횤훷틥죏캪,뿆톧쫇쫂쪵뗄뿆톧,죎뫎뎬돶뺭캪웤헜톧믹뒡,닅쓜붨솢폐틢틥ꆢ폐볛횵뗄샭싛쳥퇩쫂쪵틔췢뗄컊쳢,죧폐맘컯훊뫍뺫짱뗄맘쾵컊쳢,쾵쓘?뚼쫇탎뛸짏톧뗄,쫇튻룶늻쓜평쫂쪵살볓틔뿘훆틔ꆡ랶쪽싛뇣ퟷ돶뷡싛뗄컊쳢,틲듋뿆톧뇘탫뻜돢탎뛸짏톧ꆣꆡꆡ퓚놾컄뗄뗚튻늿럖,컒쏇틑뺭횸돶,뿢뛷뗄랶쪽떫쫇뫺죻뛻듓훷쳥탔돶랢,틔ꆰ뒿듢틢쪶ꆱ뗄첽쯷ퟷ싛쫇뗤탍뗄뫳뺭퇩훷틥톧쮵ꆣ뿉틔쮵,랶쪽싛뗄좷캪튻쟐뿆톧뗄돶랢뗣,틲뛸죏캪탎뛸짏톧쮼뇦쫇뿆솢듙뷸쇋뺭퇩훷틥뫍싟벭쪵횤훷틥뗄쮥실ꆣ퓚뿢뛷톧뗄믊뫳ꆣ탎뛸짏톧횮쯹틔놻뇡뗍,늢럇탎뛸짏톧뗄샭싛훐,랶쪽쫗쿈쫇튻훖샭싛뿲볜믲뷡릹,헢훖샭놾짭뗄듭컳,뛸쫇틲캪쎻폐헒떽탎뛸짏톧뗄뿉뾿랽싛뿲볜뗄ퟷ폃폐헢퇹튻킩랽쏦:뗚튻,쿞훆쇋뎣맦뿆램ꆣ튻떩돎쟥쇋ꆰ뒿듢틢쪶ꆱ,룸탎뛸짏톧붨솢튻룶톧뗄퇐뺿랶캧ꆣ뿆톧볒룹뻝샭싛랶쪽맦뚨뗄랶캧듓뿉뾿뗄돶랢뗣,탎뛸짏톧뻍믡돉캪튻쏅퇏룱뗄뿆톧,쫂퇐뺿믮뚯,뛔랶캧횮췢뗄쿖쿳쫓뛸늻볻ꆣ뗚뛾,랶쿖쿳톧랽램뻍캪듯떽헢룶돶랢뗣쳡릩뿉뾿뗄랽램ꆣ쪽쫇튻훖쫀뷧맛뫍랽램싛,쫇뷢뻶컊쳢뗄랽쪽랽램ꆣꆡꆡ뫺죻뛻뗄쿖쿳톧맛뗣폐샻폚샭싛탄샭톧뗄랢샭싛랶쪽튻뺭좷솢,뻍캪뿆톧컊쳢뗄뷢뻶맦뚨쇋슷햹ꆣ틲캪뺭퇩쪵횤랽램잿뗷쇋뺭퇩쫂쪵쯑벯돌탲뗄뺶ꆣ뺭퇩훷틥뿉틔쮵쫇뿆톧훷틥탄샭톧뗄튻훖샭싛훘튪탔,럇뺭퇩뗄샭싛쮼캬돉캪뿆톧뗄뷻쟸,샭싛탄랶쪽ꆣ틔헢훖랶쪽캪횸떼,맛달ꆢ쪵퇩뗈뺭퇩닙ퟷ돉샭톧뗄랢햹쫜떽쇋쿞훆뫍쫸뢿ꆣ뫺죻뛻냑돩쿳뗄탎캪뇪ힼ뗄뿆톧랽램,웤쯻랽쪽랽램퓲놻뇟풵뮯ꆣ뗚뛸짏톧쮼뇦ퟷ캪뿆톧랽램,캪샭싛쮼캬ퟷ캪뿆톧뗄죽,랶쪽튲쫇튻훖첬뛈뫍탅쓮,쫇튻훖쾰맟탔뗄풼쫸뫏샭랽램뗬뚨쇋믹뒡,뇘좻폐샻폚샭싛탄샭톧뗄솦솿,쫇뿆톧볒럂헕쯼쏇뷸탐ퟔ벺릤ퟷ뗄쳢뷢,쫇횸랢햹ꆣ' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡ1웚튶뫆짺:뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄샭싛탄샭톧ꆡꆡ쫍틥톧퓚늻춬뗄샺쪷쪱웚,탄샭톧랢햹뗄늻춬뷗뛎,죋쏇뛔ꆡꆡ쫍틥톧ퟮ돵쫇짱톧뫍맅컄쿗톧훐뗄튻훖랽램,탄샭쿖쿳쳡돶늻춬뗄뾴램ꆣ헢쮵쏷늢늻듦퓚튻룶뎬폃틔?쫍쪥뺭뫍맅뗤컄놾뗄쓚죝뫍틢틥ꆣ뗂맺톧헟풽샺쪷뫍컄뮯뗄쓚퓚뗄틢쪶뫍탄샭뷡릹ꆣ쯹캽뗄쪵쪩삳뛻십뫕(Schleirmacher,F)붫퇐뺿짱톧뫍맅컄퓚ꆢ뺫짱쪵쳥횻늻맽쫇튻훖컄뮯샺쪷뗄붨릹ꆣ쿗톧뗄쫍틥톧랽램삩햹떽죋컄뿆톧쇬폲,훷헅쫍틥ꆡꆡ짧믡붨릹싛잿뗷쇋샭싛붨릹뗄훘튪ퟷ폃,폐샻톧랽램늻뷶쫇헽좷샭뷢컄놾뗄훘튪쫖뛎,뛸쟒쫇뷸폚샭싛탄샭톧뗄랢햹ꆣ퓚뺭퇩쪵횤훷틥쓇샯,샭싛죫죋쏇뺫짱쫀뷧ꆢ믱좡죋컄뿆톧횪쪶뗄폐킧춾뺶ꆣ쫇쫂쪵쯑벯횮뫳뗄쿐쾾믮뚯,좻뛸,짧믡붨릹싛뷓쫜뗒뛻첩퓲퓚듋믹뒡짏좷솢쇋쫍틥톧퓚죋컄뿆톧훐뗄뿢뛷뗄맛뗣,죏캪샭싛뛔뺭퇩쫂쪵뻟폐훆풼ퟷ폃,튻냣랽램싛뗘캻,쯻죏캪뛔ퟔ좻튪뷸탐쮵쏷,뛔뺫짱ꆰ뿆톧쫂쪵늿럖뗘틀삵폚뿆톧뮰폯뗄뇤뮯,폐맘쪵짺믮퓲탨튪샭뷢뫍뷢쫍,틔닻쏷웤볛횵뫍틢틥,죋컄퓚뗄뿆톧쏨믦늢늻뷶뷶쫇뿆톧랢쿖뗄뷡맻,튲쫇춨뿆톧뷨훺폚쫍틥톧뛔틢틥뗄뿍맛샭뷢랽램,뿉틔듯맽럻뫅뇭쫶뗄,늢캪뿆톧좺쳥뗄튻훂틢볻쯹좷떽폫ퟔ좻뿆톧춬뗈뗄뗘캻ꆣ뫳살,?듯쒬뛻(Gada2횤ꆱꆣ[9]뺭퇩쫂쪵쫇쿠뛔뗄,쫇쳘뚨짧믡뗄컄뮯붨mer,H2G)냑랽램싛뗄쫍틥톧랢햹캪놾쳥싛뗄쫍틥릹ꆣ웤듎,샭싛늢럇쫇듓뺭퇩쫂쪵훐룅삨돶살뗄,뛸톧,죏캪뛔틢틥뗄샭뷢뻟폐죋샠듦퓚뗄놾쳥싛쳘헷ꆣ쫇퓚짧믡붨릹뗄맽돌훐탎돉뗄ꆣ뗚죽,볈좻룅쓮ꆢ샭ꆡꆡ쫍틥톧뛔샭싛탄샭톧뗄틢틥쫇:뗚튻,쫍틥톧랽싛뫍볙짨뚼쫇튻훖샭싛붨릹,쓇쎴뻍듦퓚ퟅ튻룶붨램춬죋컄뿆톧훐뗄뺭퇩쪵횤랽램쫇뛔솢뗄ꆣ틀뻝뺭릹뗄볛횵컊쳢ꆣ퓵퇹붨릹튻훖룼뫃뗄,ꆢ룼쪵폃뗄샭퇩훷틥뿆톧맛,횪쪶뻟폐뿍맛뗄탔훊,쯹폐뗄횪쪶뇘싛맛뗣쓘?헢뻍탨튪샭싛쮼캬뗄통솷ꆣ탫뺭맽뺭퇩쪵횤뗄볬퇩,뛸쫍틥톧잿뗷뗄쫇춨맽뛔뺫짱짺믮뗄샭뷢뫍?쫍,뷒쪾죋샠뺭퇩뗄틢틥뫍볛3ꆡ뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺ꆰ샭싛ꆱ뗄움볛뇪ힼ횵,쫍틥톧평듋돉캪죋컄뿆톧뗄뫏샭랽램,듲웆쇋뺭ꆡꆡ퓚뺭퇩훷틥뗄쳵볾쿂,뛔샭싛뗄움볛횻폐튻룶퇩쪵횤랽램뗄볡뇹,폐샻폚샭싛탄샭톧뗄랢햹ꆣ뗚뇪ힼ,쓇뻍쫇폫뺭퇩횤뻝뗄쿠럻믲폫뺭퇩횤뻝뗄튻뛾,쫍틥톧랽램맩룹뷡뗗쫇튻훖샭싛쮼캬뗄랽램ꆣ훂탔ꆣ죎뫎샭싛횻폐뺭맽뺭퇩뗄퇩횤,폫쫂쪵뻟폐쯹캽쫍틥쫇춨맽ꆰ틆쟩ꆱ뗄랽쪽,냑ퟔ벺훃폚쯻죋믲쿠럻탔,폐횤뻝뗄횧돖,닅뻟놸헦샭뗄쳘헷ꆣ쯹틔,ퟷ욷뗄뺫짱뺳뷧훐,쳥퇩컄놾뗄볛횵뫍틢틥,쪵쿖?떱듺탄샭톧뗄헹싛ퟜ쫇캧죆ퟅ횤뻝뫍랽램ꆣ뺭뎣뗄쫍헟뗄쫓뷧춬컄놾쫓뷧뗄죚뫏ꆣ놾살헢훖샭싛쮼캬쟩뿶쫇:룷훖샭싛맛뗣뚼폐ퟔ벺뗄뺭퇩쫽뻝,뚼탻돆랽쪽쫇뺭퇩훷틥뿆톧맛쯹뻜돢뗄,떫쫇쫍틥톧좷솢ퟔ벺뗄맛뗣뻟폐헦샭탔,뛸뛔솢튻랽뗄랽램쫇듭컳쇋헢훖랽램퓚죋컄짧믡뿆톧훐뗄뫏램뗘캻,폐샻폚뗄,쫽뻝쫇늻뿉탅뗄ꆣ쮫랽룷돖벺볻,쒪훔튻쫇ꆣ헢탄샭톧볒돤럖죏쪶샭싛쮼캬뗄볛횵뫍ퟷ폃ꆣ뗚죽,놩슶돶폫뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄쿠럻탔ퟷ캪샭싛움볛뇪ힼ뗄든쫍틥톧튲뿉틔캪샭싛탄샭톧뗄횪쪶쳡릩뫏램탔ꆣ뒫죵탔ꆣ춳짏,횻폐뺭퇩쪵횤랽램믱좡뗄횪쪶닅뻟폐뫏램뗄ꆡꆡ퓚뫳뺭퇩훷틥쳵볾쿂,평폚뺭퇩쫂쪵벰웤퇩횤뗘캻ꆣ쫍틥톧퓲듓ꆰ틆쟩ꆱ뗄뷇뛈,잿뗷?쫍헟뷸죫뗄랽램놾짭뚼쫇샭싛뻶뚨뗄,틲뛸폫뺭퇩횤뻝뗄쿠컄놾ퟷ헟뗄뺫짱쫀뷧,뛔웤볛횵뫍틢틥뷸탐ꆰ뿍맛럻늻퓙쫇캨튻뗄샭싛움볛뇪ힼꆣ샭싛뗄움볛돽쇋뒫샭뷢ꆱꆣ틔헢훖랽램믱뗃뗄횪쪶춬퇹뻟폐뿆톧뫏램춳뗄볲풼탔ꆢ룅삨탔ꆢ뷴듕탔뗈뒫춳뗄뇪ힼ췢,뮹뿉탔ꆣ샭싛쮼캬횪쪶뗄뫏샭탔뗃떽쇋뷸튻늽좷횤ꆣ틔뾼싇쿂쇐뇪ힼ:ꆡ짧믡붨릹싛ꆡ룅쓮폫싟벭뇪ힼꆡꆡ짧믡붨릹싛쫇컷랽탄샭톧훐뗄뫳쿖듺좡쿲뗄훷ꆡꆡ헢쫇튻훖ퟮ볲떥ꆢퟮ쪵폃뗄움에뇪ힼꆣ샭싛뗄튪듺뇭ꆣ[8]쯼훷헅탄샭톧횪쪶뗄짧믡붨릹쳘탔,죏움볛늢늻탨튪쪱쪱뒦뒦톰쟳뺭퇩쪵횤뗄쫽뻝ꆣ틀헕캪횪쪶쫇죋쏇퓚짧믡짺믮훐ꆰ랢쏷ꆱ뗄,뛸늻쫇춨맽뿢뛷뗄맛뗣,뺭퇩쫽뻝늢늻쫇뛀솢폚샭싛뗄,늻춬뗄뺭퇩쪵횤랽램ꆰ랢쿖ꆱ뗄ꆣ쯹폐뗄횪쪶뷔캪튻훖짧샭싛뿲볜횮쿂,쯹뗃떽뗄쫽뻝뿉쓜췪좫늻춬ꆣ헢뻍믡붨릹,쫇횲룹폚쳘뚨샺쪷뫍컄뮯뗄죋쏇킭짌ꆢ뛔뮰쫇캪쪲쎴뛔솢뗄쮫랽ퟜ쓜헒떽횧돖ퟔ벺뗄쫽뻝뗄풭뗄뷡맻ꆣ탄샭쿖쿳,냼삨틢쪶ꆢ쟩탷ꆢ죏횪뗈늢럇쪵틲ꆣ샭싛탄샭톧톰쟳룼캪볲떥뗄움에뇪ힼꆣ쯼닉폃쪵퓚퓚뗘듦퓚폚죋뗄춷쓔훐뗄쒳룶뗘랽,뛸쫇튻훖룅쓮쮮욽뗄싟벭럖컶랽램,헢훖랽램뻟폐에뛏뫍본컄뮯뗄ꆢ폯퇔뗄붨릹ꆣ쯹틔,뒫춳탄샭톧뗄퇐뺿뛔뇰룅쓮ꆢ쏼쳢ꆢ샭싛헦캱뗄릦쓜ꆣ샽죧컒쏇뿉틔닉폃쿳ꆪ죋룱ꆢ첬뛈ꆢ쟩탷ꆢ죏횪뗈늢럇튻훖쓚퓚뗄쪵퓚ꆣ싟벭럖컶뗄랽램좥에뛏샭싛룅쓮뗄헦캱:죴쒳튻샭' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡ188탄ꆡꆡ샭ꆡꆡ톧ꆡꆡ놨39뻭싛쳥쾵훐볈냼몬ퟅ쏼쳢F,튲냼몬ퟅ쏼쳢럇F,쓇뷶뿉틔쫊폃폚컷랽컄뮯,튲쫊폃폚럇컷랽컄뮯;늻뷶쎴헢룶샭싛쳥쾵뻍쫇ퟔ쿠쎬뛜뗄,죧맻튻룶샭싛룅쫊폃폚냗죋,튲쫊폃폚웤쯻폐즫죋훖ꆣ떫쫇뛠풪컄쓮솬싟벭볬퇩뚼늻쓜춨맽,쓇쎴뮹폐쪲쎴뇘튪뢶훮뮯싛뗄퇐뺿뇭쏷[11],컷랽훷쇷탄샭톧쫇냗죋훐닺뷗폚쪵볹볬퇩쓘?움에샭싛뗄헦캱뺭뎣쪹폃뗄쫇잰퇩벶뗄탄샭톧,랴펳뗄쫇냗죋훐닺뷗벶뗄탐캪쳘헷ꆣ움볛,벴뺭퇩움볛횮잰뷸탐뗄샭싛럖컶ꆣ싟벭뫍룅뛠풪컄뮯싛죏캪:ꆰ컷랽탄샭톧쟣쿲폚듓쏱ퟥ훐탄쓮쮮욽뗄럖컶쫇잰퇩움볛뗄훘튪랽램ꆣ훷틥뗄맛뗣돶랢,냑뗃횮폚훷튪죋뿚뗄돉맻뫍샭싛ꆡꆡ룅쓮뫍싟벭쮮욽짏뗄럖컶냼삨죽룶랽쏦:뗚튻,펦폃폚쯹폐뗄좺쳥ꆱꆣ[12]평폚컷랽짧믡훐햼폅쫆뗄럖컶샭싛쓚늿룷튪쯘횮볤퓚싟벭짏쫇럱쿠죝뫍튻좺쳥쫇냗죋좺쳥ꆣ냗죋뗄볛횵맛쓮뫍럧쯗쾰맟퓚컷훂ꆣ튪쯘횮볤뗄폐믺솪쾵릹돉샭싛뗄헻쳥,죧맻튪랽짧믡훐햼춳훎뗘캻ꆣ틲듋,틔냗죋컄뮯캪훐탄,뫶쯘횮볤싟벭짏늻튻훂,샭싛놾짭뗄뫏샭탔뻍쪧좥쇋쫓웤쯼죵쫆좺쳥컄뮯뗄쿖쿳뻍뇤뗃럇뎣웕뇩,웤뷡믹뒡ꆣ뗚뛾,럖컶룃샭싛폫뒦폚놳뺰횪쪶훐뗄웤쯻맻쫇탄샭톧돉캪냗죋뗄탄샭톧,잿뮯쇋냗죋훁짏뗄샭싛뗄쿠죝뫍튻훂탔ꆣ죎뫎샭싛뗄쳡돶뚼폐튻뚨뗄볛횵맛쓮ꆣ얮좨훷틥탄샭톧뗄퇐뺿튲뇭쏷[13],컷믹뒡뫍놳뺰횪쪶,룃샭싛뿉틔듓탂펱탔랽쏦뎬풽놳랽훷쇷탄샭톧뗄퇐뺿쎲쯆ꆰ뿍맛ꆱꆢꆰ훐솢ꆱ,쪵볊짏뺰샭싛,떫쫇퓚탔훊짏뇘탫놣돖쿠뮥횮볤뗄쿠죝탔ꆣ좴잿뮯쇋뢸좨훷틥짧믡뗄볛횵맛,쯰몦쇋얮탔뗄볛뗚죽,럖컶샭싛폫룃샭싛붨솢헟쯹돖죏쪶싛ꆢ랽램싛횵뫍샻틦,웰떽쇋튻훖캬돖짧믡쿖ힴ뗄ퟷ폃,늻샻폚뗄쿠죝탔ꆣ죎뫎샭싛볒뚼돖폐튻뚨뗄랽램싛뫍죏쪶얮탔좨샻뗄놣헏ꆣ싛맛뗣,웤샭싛퓚싟벭짏펦룃폫쯻쯹돖뗄랽램싛뫍ꆡꆡ틲듋,탄샭톧뗄쯹폐샭싛뚼늻쓜쳓췑볛횵뫍틢죏쪶싛놣돖튻훂ꆣ쪶탎첬뗄쫸뢿ꆣ죎뫎튻훖샭싛뚼랴펳쇋튻뚨틢쪶탎ꆡꆡ룅쓮뫍싟벭쮮욽뗄럖컶퓸뺭퓚탄샭톧훐닺짺훘첬뗄튪쟳,죎뫎튻훖샭싛튲뚼폐틢믲컞틢뗘냑컒쏇튪뗄펰쿬ꆣ죏횪탄샭톧볒쟇쒷쮹믹뛔탐캪훷틥헟쮹쏦뛔뗄쫀뷧뮮럖돉벸훖랶돫,냑컒쏇뗄힢틢떼쿲짺뷰쓉폯퇔잿뮯쮵뗄엺움뻍붨훾퓚룅쓮뫍싟벭럖컶뗄믮뗄쒳튻랽쏦,뛸늻쫇웤쯻랽쏦,퓚헢룶맽돌훐뢳폨쮮욽짏ꆣ쟇쒷쮹믹춨맽샭싛럖컶,횸돶뛹춯뢴퓓뗄퇐뺿뛔쿳틔쒳훖볛횵뫍틢틥ꆣ떱탄샭톧뗄샭싛냑쒳폯퇔믱뗃맽돌늻뿉쓜붨훾퓚듌벤폫잿뮯뗄뺭퇩쮮욽킩탐캪뾴ퟷ쫇ꆰ헽뎣뗄ꆱꆢꆰ뒦퓚헽첬럖늼훐뗄ꆱ쪱짏,뛸쫇쿈쳬뗄폯퇔믱뗃믺훆퓚랢믓ퟷ폃ꆣ[10]쟇쒷뫲,폫듋늻튻훂뗄탐캪뻍듓볛횵짏놻뇡뗍캪ꆰ뇤첬쮹믹뗄맛뗣늢쎻폐뺭퇩쫽뻝뗄횧돖,떫쫇좴룸쇋탐뗄ꆱ믲ꆰ돶맬뗄ꆱ,퓚헢튻맽돌훐,닻쏷쇋ꆰ룃폫늻룃ꆱ캪훷틥돁훘뗄튻믷,떼훂쇋탐캪훷틥뗄쮥실뫍죏횪뗄볛횵톡퓱ꆣ탄샭톧뗄탋웰ꆣꆡꆡ쯹틔,샭싛뗄움볛쫇뿉틔퓚볛횵뫍틢쪶탎첬뗄ꆡ볛횵맛뫍틢쪶탎첬뇪ힼ쮮욽짏뷸탐뗄ꆣ춨맽럖컶샭싛뗄짧믡볛횵뫍틢쪶탎ꆡꆡ뺭퇩훷틥튻룶뗤탍쏼쳢쫇:뿆톧쫇쫂쪵뗄뿆톧,첬뗄릦쓜,뿉틔에뛏샭싛뗄뫃뮵폅쇓ꆣ뿆톧뗄쒿뇪쫇쟳헦,뿆톧횪쪶쫇폐맘쫂쪵돂쫶뗄벯ꆡ탞듇뫍탰쫂뗄뇪ힼ뫏,폫릦샻믲짆뛱뗈볛횵움볛컞맘,룼폫짧믡뗄틢쪶ꆡꆡ탞듇뫍탰쫂ퟷ캪튻훖컄톧뇭쿖쫖램튻횱쫜떽뺭탎첬튪쟳컞짦ꆣ뺭퇩훷틥헜톧볒택?춨맽뛔ꆰ쫇ꆱ퇩쪵횤뿆톧맛뗄업돢ꆣ듓뺭퇩훷틥뗄맛뗣살뾴,뿆폫ꆰ룃ꆱ뗄뮮럖,듓싟벭짏냑쫂쪵에뛏폫볛횵에뛏쟸톧샭싛춨맽훐탔뗄폯퇔,틔싟벭뗄ꆢ뿍맛뗄랽쪽뇭쿖럖뾪,죏캪듓ꆰ쫇폫늻쫇ꆱ뗄쏼쳢훐췆뛏늻돶ꆰ룃폫ퟔ짭,폫컄톧뗄탰쫂뫍탞듇쫖뛎쎻폐죎뫎솪쾵ꆣ뿆늻룃ꆱ뗄쏼쳢ꆣ뮻퇔횮,듓쫂쪵뗄쏨쫶탔쮵쏷훐뗃톧쫇틔ꆰ샭ꆱ럾죋,뛸늻쫇틔쒳훖탰쫂뫍탞듇랽쪽죃늻돶볛횵믲뗀뗂뗄ힼ퓲뫍맦뚨ꆣ헢훖ꆰ볛횵컞짦ꆱ죋헛럾ꆣ믲ꆰ볛횵훐솢ꆱ뗄뿆톧맛뛔컷랽훷쇷탄샭톧닺짺훘ꆡꆡ떫쫇뫳쿖듺훷틥뷒쪾돶헦샭뗄짧믡붨릹쳘탔:튪뗄펰쿬ꆣ헦샭늻쫇춨맽뿍맛랽램ꆰ랢쿖ꆱ뗄,뛸쫇튻훖ꆰ랢ꆡꆡ볛횵컞짦뗄탄샭뿆톧맛횧돖쇋뺭퇩훷틥뗄샭싛쏷ꆱ,쫇튻훖컄뮯샺쪷뗄붨릹ꆣ[14]샭싛볈좻즥쪧쇋헦움볛뇪ힼ,죏캪탄샭톧샭싛뗄캨튻움볛뇪ힼ쫇폫탄샭탔,돉캪튻훖짧믡붨릹,쓇쎴샭싛퓵퇹캪죋쏇쯹뷓샭쫂쪵뗄뿍맛튻훂탔ꆣ볛횵움에뫍틢쪶탎첬릦쓜뗄쫜?캪쪲쎴죋쏇뷓쫜헢룶샭싛,뛸늻뷓쫜쓇룶샭싛럖컶쫇뿆톧탄샭톧쯹늻퓊탭뗄ꆣ훷쇷탄샭톧튻횱탻쓘?캪쪲쎴헢튻샭싛뇈웤쯻샭싛룼뻟폐컼틽솦쓘?돆쯼뗄퇐뺿뷡싛뺭맽쇋쪵퇩퇩횤,쫇뿆톧뗄뿍맛헦캪쪲쎴컷랽훷쇷탄샭톧욫낮춳볆ꆢ닢솿ꆢ뇭룱뫍춼탎샭,폫볛횵뫍틢쪶탎첬컞짦ꆣ쯹틔쯼뗄퇐뺿돉맻늻살뇭쿖샭싛맛뗣,뛸뫶쫓뚨탔쏨쫶ꆢ훊뮯럖컶뫍쫍틥' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡ1웚튶뫆짺:뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺뗄샭싛탄샭톧ꆡ189톧랽램쓘?헢웤훐뻍짦벰떽쇋탞듇뫍탰쫂뗄컊쳢ꆣ볹헟튲샻폃샭싛뮰폯캪ퟔ벺뗄탐뚯쳡릩샭평ꆣ샭싛샭싛횮쯹틔캪죋쏇쯹뷓쫜믲쾲낮,늢럇틲캪샭싛폐뮰폯돉캪폐킧뗄쪵볹탐뚯뗄튻룶ퟩ돉늿럖ꆣ듓헢퇹돤ퟣ뗄횤뻝,뛸쫇틲캪샭싛뻟폐쫊떱뗄탞듇뫍탰쫂튻훖맛뗣살뾴,퓲움볛튻훖샭싛뗄뇪ힼ뿉틔뾴웤폫쫖뛎,쪹뗃샭싛뻟놸쇋룼듳뗄쮵럾솦ꆣ쪵볹뗄죚뫏탔,벴쫇럱듙뷸쇋짧믡쪵볹믮뚯,쪹쪵볹ꆡꆡ탞듇쫇샭싛뗄튻훖좰떼틕쫵,탰쫂쫇샭싛뗄튻믮뚯룼폐킧ꆢ룼폐틢틥ꆢ룼폐샭싛즫닊ꆣ훖뇭쿖랽쪽,솽헟퓚놾훊짏춨맽튻뚨뗄뇭쫶랽쪽,쳡ꆡꆡ폫짧믡쪵볹뗄죚뫏틢캶ퟅ샭싛퓚뻟쳥쟩뺳훐뗄룟샭싛뗄좰떼뫍쮵럾솦,퓶볓샭싛뗄뿉뾿탔뫍뿉탅펦폃ꆣ퓚뫳뺭퇩훷틥쪱듺,폫뺭퇩쫂쪵뗄튻훂탔늻죎뛈ꆣ퓚뺭퇩훷틥쪢탐뗄쪱웚,춳볆ꆢ닢솿뗈솿뮯뗄퓙쫇샭싛볬퇩뗄틀뻝,떫헢늢늻쫇훷헅ꆰ퓵쎴뚼랽램뻍쫇튻훖퓶볓샭싛뿉탅뛈뗄탞듇쫖뛎,늻쪹폃탐ꆱꆣ샭싛뗄움볛뿉틔퓚펦폃뗄쮮욽짏,맛달웤킧헢훖쫖뛎뻍늻쓜캪훷쇷뿆톧퓓횾쯹뷓쫜,튲컞램횤폃ꆣꆰ맘볼뗄컊쳢늻쫇헢킩샭싛볙짨듓룹놾뗄틢틥쏷ퟔ짭뗄뫏샭탔ꆣ퓚1930쓪훁1960쓪헢뛎쪱볤짏붲쫇헦쫇볙,뛸쫇헢킩쳘쫢뗄풤닢퓚헦샭뗄뗘폲샯,쪵퇩랽램돉캪쏀맺짧믡탄샭톧뛀튻컞뛾뗄탞듇폎쾷횮췢폐쪲쎴킧폃ꆣ퓚컒뾴살,뫳쿖듺뗄뺭퇩훷쫖뛎,춨맽쪵퇩랽램믱뗃뗄횪쪶뻟놸쇋ퟮ듳뗄뿉탅틥붫좡듺ꆮ헦샭폎쾷ꆯ,뛸톰쟳뛔컄뮯폐폃뗄샭싛뛈,웤쯻랽램믱뗃뗄횪쪶뚼놻뇡틖떽톧뿆뗄뇟뫍폐ퟅ훘튪컄뮯틢틥뗄랢쿖ꆣ탐횮폐킧뗄뺭퇩훷틥풵ꆣ[15]틲듋,탞듇뫍탰쫂늢늻쫇컄톧퇐뺿뗄뛀폐닺탨튪튻훖컄뮯짏ꆢ싗샭짏ꆢ헾훎짏뗄쪵폃훷틥ꆣꆱ[8]컯,쪵볊짏,뿆톧튲퓚퓋폃헢훖쫖뛎,틔퓶볓샭싛뗄쫍틥톧볒볓뗂쒬튲퓸뺭샻폃퇇샯쮹뛠뗂폐맘쪵볹훇솦ꆣ뻍쿱쓡닉죏캪뗄쓇퇹,뿆톧돂쫶웤쪵뚼붨솢믛(phronesis)뗄쮼쿫,훷헅퓚뛔뮰훐믱뗃뗄샭뷢뇘퓚탞듇뗄닙ퟷ짏ꆣ탫춨맽펦폃살볓틔볬퇩,냑튻냣뗄뷡싛럅떽뻟쳥뗄ꆡꆡ탞듇뫍탰쫂뻟폐랽램싛뗄틢틥ꆣ쯼늻뷶쫇튻훖쟩뺳훐,뾼퇩웤뇭쿖,춨맽헢룶맽돌에뛏웤쫊폃컄ퟖ뗄탞쫎폫뇭쿖,튲쫇튻훖놾훊뗄돂쫶폫붨릹ꆣ돌뛈ꆣ춨맽탞듇뫍탰쫂쫖뛎,샭싛뿉믱뗃폯퇔쾵춳뗄탎쪽뮯뫍릫샭뮯뇭쫶,캪에뛏샭싛돂쫶뗄튻훂탔뫍췪쏀닎뾼컄쿗탔쳡릩쇋탎쪽뮯뗄뇪ힼꆣ춬쪱,탞듇뫍탰쫂ퟷ캪튻1ꆡ 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡ190탄ꆡꆡ샭ꆡꆡ톧ꆡꆡ놨39뻭,2002,4(3):317ꆫ334Psychologist,1997,52(6):642ꆫ65115ꆡMacMartinC,ꆡStewartA,,1930-1960:&Society,2006,31(2):493ꆫ509JournaloftheHistoryofBehavioralScience,2000,36(4):34914ꆡ.ꆫ364TheoreticalPsychologyinaPost2EmpiricistEraYeHaosheng(InstituteofPsychology,NanjingNormalUniversity,Nanjing210097,China)AbstractWiththeprogressiveunderminingofempiricalpositivism,,,theorydoesnotcomefromthegeneralizationandinductionofempiricalfacts;,,andmerelyatoolthatmakescommunicationeasier.ꆡꆡIntheempiricistera,,theoreticalpsychologyisbasedonKuhn’stheoryofparadigm,Husserl’sphenomenology,,,,,.ꆡꆡDuetothedemiseoftheempiriciststandardsforevaluatingtheoreticalpositions,,goodscienceshouldbevalue2free,,scholarshavebecomeincreasinglyawareoftherelationshipbetweenscienceandsocietyandculture,,,,,ꆡtheoreticalpsychology,post2empiricism,logicalpositivism,postmodernism,theoryofparadigm.' 1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
