펦폃탄샭톧ChineseJournalof2005쓪뗚11뻭뗚4웚,,3182324룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟ힴ뿶벰웤폫릤ퟷ톹솦뗄맘쾵헅컷뎬3ꆡ탬쿾럦2ꆡ뎵뫪짺1(1.놱뺩쪦랶듳톧탄샭톧풺,놱뺩,100875;2.훐퇫쮾램뺯맙톧풺,놣뚨,071000)햪ꆡ튪ꆡ놾퇐뺿쪹폃컊뻭램,뛔1555쏻룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟ힴ뿶뷸탐쇋럖컶,뾼달쇋룷훖죋뿚춳볆톧뇤솿횮볤뗄닮틬,늢첽쳖쇋횰튵뿝뷟뗄룷캬뛈폫릤ퟷ톹솦뗄맘쾵ꆣ뷡맻랢쿖:룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟쮮욽퓚탔뇰ꆢ쓪쇤ꆢ톧샺ꆢ믩틶ힴ뿶ꆢ횰캻뗈죋뿚춳볆톧뇤솿짏듦퓚ퟅ쿔훸닮틬;룷릤ퟷ톹솦풴훐,돽죋볊맘쾵췢,뿉럖뇰풤닢횰튵뿝뷟뗄죽룶캬뛈,웤훐뛔폚뫄뷟캬뛈뗄풤닢뛈ퟮ룟ꆣ맘볼듊ꆡ룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋ꆡ횰튵뿝뷟ꆡ릤ퟷ톹솦훐춼럖샠뫅:F406113컄쿗뇪쪶싫:Aꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:100626020(2005)20420318207뗃떽샭싛뷧뗄퇩횤뫍죏춬,뻸듳늿럖뗄쿠맘퇐뺿뚼닉폃헢튻쒣탍[2][3]1ꆡ컊쳢쳡돶ꆣ쒿잰캧죆횰튵뿝뷟뫍톹솦맘쾵ꆢ릤ퟷ볒춥돥춻뗄맘쾵,111ꆡ횰튵뿝뷟틔벰횰튵뿝뷟펦뛔뗄퇐뺿늻뛏짮죫ꆣ컒맺ꆡꆡꆰ뿝뷟ꆱ(burnout)튻듊풭횸뫄뷟ꆢ좼톧헟쒿잰폐맘횰튵뿝뷟뗄퇐뺿믹놾내헕뺡ꆣ1974쓪쏀맺뺫짱럖컶톧볒Freuden2Maslach쳡돶뗄뿝뷟퇐뺿뗄죽돉럖쒣탍랶berger쫗듎붫쯼쪹폃퓚탄샭붡뾵쇬폲[1],폃쪽,퇐뺿쇬폲훷튪벯훐퓚뷌쪦횰튵뿝뷟컊살쏨쫶릤ퟷ헟평폚릤ퟷ쯹튪쟳뗄돖탸쟩룐쳢뗄퇐뺿짏,죧췵랼ꆢ탭퇠(2004)뛔뷌쪦횰뢶돶,평폚퓚폫쯻죋쿠뮥ퟷ폃맽돌훐쯹폶튵뗄뿝뷟ힴ뿶벰웤폫짧믡횧돖뗄맘쾵뷸탐떽뗄룷훖쎬뛜ꆢ돥춻뛸틽웰뗄듬헛룐뗄볓뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뗈[4]ꆣ듋췢,췵쿾뒺ꆢ룊좺뻧,뛸ퟮ훕떼훂뗄퓚쟩탷ꆢ쟩룐ꆢ탐캪랽쏦(2003)뛔맺췢횰튵뿝뷟뗄퇐뺿쿖ힴ[5],탬뗄짭탄뫄뷟ힴ첬ꆣꆰ횰튵뿝뷟ꆱ(jobburn2뎤붭ꆢ쪱뾱(2003)뛔횰튵뿝뷟퇐뺿쇬폲뗄삩햹뚼뷸탐쇋쿪쾸뗄뷩짜[6]out)튻뺭쳡돶,솢뿌틽웰쇋맣랺맘힢,놻쫓ꆣퟷ쫇쿖듺짧믡뗄튻훖횰튵벲늡ꆣퟮ뷼벸쓪횰튵뿝뷟헢훖탄샭벲늡틑뺭쏀맺탄샭톧볒Maslach뎤쓪훂솦폚횰듓럾컱탍탐튵ꆢ폫죋듲붻뗀뛠뗄횰튵,죧뷌튵뿝뷟뗄퇐뺿,쯽쳡돶뿝뷟퇐뺿뗄룶쳥뫄쪦ꆢ볇헟ꆢ뺯달ꆢ튽짺ꆢ뮤쪿,삩햹떽벸뫵쯹뷟ꆢ벥?뫍횰튵킧쓜쿂붵죽훖돉럖ퟩ돉뗄폐횰튵ꆣ퓚죕틦벤쇒뗄짌튵뺺헹훐,웳튵ퟛ뫏쒣탍ꆣ횰튵뿝뷟뗄죽캬쒣탍쳡돶뫳,맜샭죋풱뗄뷇즫쿔뗃풽살풽훘튪,튻랽쏦3헅컷뎬,쓐,놱뺩쪦랶듳톧탄샭톧풺붲쪦,죋솦풴폫맜샭탄샭톧퇐뺿랽쿲퓚뛁늩쪿,E2mail:xchzhang@
룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟ힴ뿶벰웤폫릤ퟷ톹솦뗄맘쾵/헅컷뎬뗈319쯻쏇뗄쯘훊뫍쓜솦퓚뫜듳돌뛈짏뻶뚨ퟅ웳뫋탄ퟩ돉늿럖,뿉쓜쫇톹솦닺짺뗄훷튪풭튵뗄쏼퓋,쇭튻랽쏦쯻쏇튲틲듋놳뢺ퟅ뻞틲횮튻,뫍톹솦횮볤뿉쓜듦퓚쮫쿲뗄쿠뮥듳뗄퓰죎,돐쫜ퟅ뎬돶뎣죋뗄탄샭톹솦ꆣퟷ폃,룟쟩탷뫄뷟뗄풱릤뿉쓜믡룐쫜떽룼뿬뷚ퟠ뗄릤ퟷꆢ톸쯙랢짺뗄뇤뮯뫍룟잿뛈듳뗄톹솦,뛸룼듳뗄톹솦믡떼훂룼퇏훘뗄뗄톹솦쪹헢튻횰튵좺쳥랢짺뿝뷟뗄쟩뿶풽횰튵뿝뷟닺짺ꆣ살풽뛠ꆣ퓚맽좥뗄붫뷼죽쪮쓪뗄쪱볤훐,폐맘좻뛸,맺쓚폐맘횰튵뺭샭죋뗄뿝뷟퇐뿝뷟뗄퇐뺿벯훐퓚릤ퟷ쟩뺳뛔뿝뷟뗄펰쿬뺿뮹늻뛠볻,떼훂죋쏇뛔헢튻좺쳥듦퓚뗄짏ꆣ내헕Smith(1986)쳡돶뗄쒣탍,룶쳥틲뿝뷟컊쳢뮹좱짙쾵춳짮죫뗄죏쪶ꆣ틲듋,쯘뫍뮷뺳틲쯘쫇닺짺톹솦뗄훘튪살풴ꆣ뻍놾퇐뺿뎢쫔내헕Maslach쳡돶뗄횰튵뿝뷟룶쳥틲쯘뛸퇔,뷇즫돥춻뫍뷇즫쒣뫽믡뛔쒣탍,쇋뷢떱뷱훐맺룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뗄횰뿝뷟닺짺펰쿬,릤ퟷ훐듦퓚쿠뮥돥춻튪쟳튵뿝뷟ힴ뿶,틔뇣캪짮죫죏쪶뫍뷢뻶룟벶뗄쟩뿶쿂믡떼훂뷇즫돥춻뗄닺짺,뛸뷇즫횰튵뺭샭죋헢튻좺쳥쏦쇙뗄횰튵뿝뷟컊쳢쒣뫽쫇평폚좱짙ퟶ뫃릤ퟷ뗄탅쾢뛸닺짺,쳡릩틀뻝,틽웰짧믡뛔헢튻좺쳥뗄횰튵탄퇐뺿랢쿖뷇즫돥춻ꆢ뷇즫쒣뫽뫍뿝뷟횮볤샭붡뾵컊쳢폨틔맘힢ꆣ듦퓚듓훐뗈돌뛈떽룟뛈뗄쿠맘ꆣ쳘뚨뗄톹112ꆡ횰튵뿝뷟폫톹솦솦풴(죧뷇즫돥춻ꆢ쒣뫽,릤ퟷ뢺뫉)퓚뛌쪱폐맘뿝뷟뫍톹솦횮볤맘쾵뗄퇐뺿쫜떽웚쓚믡떼훂톹솦,뛸뎤듋틔췹,뻍믡닺짺샛톧헟쏇뗄맘힢,뿝뷟뫍톹솦쫇솽룶볈쿠쟸믽킧펦,떼훂뿝뷟뗄닺짺ꆣ뇰폖폐솪쾵뗄룅쓮ꆣ뻍쟸뇰뛸퇔,탨튪횸쒿잰맺췢폐맘톹솦뫍뿝뷟횮볤맘쾵뗄돶뗄쫇,뿝뷟늻춬폚톹솦,쯼늻뷶뷶쫇맽뛈죏쪶훷튪쫇틔튽짺뗈캪퇐뺿뛔쿳뾪햹뗄,뗄톹솦,춬쪱튲냼삨죋샠뛔돖탸늻뛏톹솦뛔폚횰튵뺭샭죋헢튻쳘쫢좺쳥뗄톹솦폫뿝뗄랴펦,늢쟒폫ퟔ짭쓚늿풴늻쓜펦뛔쯹뷟횮볤맘쾵뗄퇐뺿뮹늻뛠볻,헢떼훂죋쏇튪쟳뗄죎컱뫍쟩뺳쿠솪쾵ꆣ뿝뷟뗄탅뫅뫍뛔헢튻쳘쫢좺쳥죧뫎듓늻춬톹솦풴뷇뛈짮횢ힴ폫톹솦샠쯆,떫쫇뿝뷟냼몬쟩탷뫄뷟죫죏쪶뿝뷟컊쳢뮹좱짙쪵횤틀뻝,틲듋첽뫍뛔릤ퟷ믲짺믮늻뛏퓶볓뗄뢺탔첬뛈ꆣ쯷펰쿬횰튵뿝뷟뗄훷튪릤ퟷ톹솦살풴뛔폚맘폚뿝뷟뫍톹솦횮볤뗄솪쾵훷튪폐솽냯훺뷢뻶횰튵뺭샭죋뿝뷟컊쳢뻟폐훘튪뗄훖샭싛맛뗣:튻훖맛뗣쫇톹솦놻죏캪쫇떼샭싛뫍쪵볹틢틥ꆣ놾퇐뺿퓚첽쳖뺭샭죋횰훂뿝뷟뗄풭틲ꆣSmith(1986)틔튽짺캪퇐튵뿝뷟쟩뿶뗄믹뒡짏,쪹폃훐컄냦횰튵톹뺿뛔쿳쳡돶뗄맘폚횰튵뿝뷟뫍톹솦횮볤뗄솦컊뻭듓릤ퟷ뢺뫉ꆢ죋볊맘쾵ꆢ릤ퟷ폫볒춥맘쾵쒣탍쫇캪쫽늻뛠뗃떽쪵횤횧돖뗄[7],돥춻ꆢ죕뎣랳죅ꆢ횰튵랢햹ꆢퟩ횯웸럕ꆢ뷇즫늢캪떱듺톧헟ퟷ캪퇐뺿뿝뷟컊쳢믹뒡뗄샭돥춻뫍뷇즫쒣뫽늻춬뷇뛈뾼달톹솦뫍횰튵싛쒣탍(Kelley,1993,1994[8][9];Amy뗈,뿝뷟횮볤뗄쓚퓚솪쾵ꆣ2000[10]),퓚웤쒣탍훐룶쳥뛔톹솦뗄움볛놻죏캪쫇횰튵뿝뷟뗄잰틲뇤솿ꆣ쇭튻훖맛뗣2ꆡ퇐뺿랽램죏캪뿝뷟늢럇횻쫇쫜떽톹솦뗄떥쿲펰쿬,튲뿉틔랴맽살뛔톹솦닺짺펰쿬,뛾헟횮볤211ꆡ퇐뺿좡퇹듦퓚쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆣMcManus뗈(2002)춨맽21111ꆡ컊뻭쪩닢맽돌뛔331쏻펢맺튽짺뷸탐캪웚죽쓪뗄ퟝ쿲퇐놾퇐뺿톡좡뗄놻쫔캪ꆶ닆뢻(훐컄냦)ꆷ뺿살뛔뿝뷟뫍톹솦횮볤뗄틲맻솪쾵뷸탐첽뗄뛁헟ꆣ쪩닢컊뻭쯦ꆶ닆뢻(훐컄냦)ꆷ떱퓂쳖,뷡맻랢쿖쟩탷뫄뷟뫍톹솦뿉쓜듦퓚쿠퓓횾별돶,닉폃믘폊랽쪽쫕믘ꆣ튻릲랢돶뮥ퟷ폃뗄맘쾵[11]ꆣ쟩탷뫄뷟,ퟷ캪뿝뷟뗄5000럝컊뻭,쫕믘1576럝,웤훐폐킧컊뻭
320펦폃탄샭톧ꆤ2005쓪뗚11뻭뗚4웚1555럝,폐킧믘쫕싊캪3111%ꆣ뇰캪릤ퟷ뢺뫉ꆢ죋볊맘쾵ꆢ릤ퟷ폫볒춥돥21112ꆡ퇹놾믹놾쟩뿶춻ꆢ죕뎣랳죅ꆢ횰튵랢햹ꆢퟩ횯웸럕ꆢ뷇즫돥퓚1555쏻놻쫔훐,쓐탔1303죋,얮탔춻뫍뷇즫쒣뫽ꆣ솿뇭닉폃샮뿋쳘쪽(Lik2233죋;쓪쇤퓚25쯪틔쿂30죋,25ꆫ35쯪ert)6뗣볇럖,폫ퟔ벺쟩뿶췪좫늻럻뫏볇1587죋,36ꆫ45쯪505죋,46ꆫ55쯪311럖,췪좫럻뫏볇6럖ꆣ퓚놾듎닢솿훐,룃솿죋,55쯪틔짏118죋;믩틶ힴ뿶캪틑믩뇭뗄쓚늿튻훂탔탅뛈쾵쫽캪0195ꆣ1258죋,떥짭221죋;톧샺쮮욽캪듳벰틔213ꆡ쫽뻝뒦샭쿂482죋,놾뿆670죋,퇐뺿짺323죋;횰쫕벯짏살뗄쫽뻝평SPSS1010죭볾뷸캻쟩뿶캪ퟮ룟벶맜샭헟801죋,룟벶맜샭탐춳볆뒦샭ꆣ죋풱664죋ꆣ212ꆡ퇐뺿릤뻟3ꆡ뷡ꆡꆡ맻21211ꆡMaslach뻫떡솿뇭(춨폃냦)(MaslachBurnoutInventory2GeneralSur2311ꆡ룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟ힴ뿶vey,MBI2GS)ꆣ쏀맺탄샭톧볒Maslach죏ꆡꆡ놾퇐뺿쪹폃ꆰMaslach뻫떡솿뇭(춨폃캪뿝뷟냼몬룶쳥뫄뷟ꆢ벥?뫍횰튵킧쓜쿂냦)ꆱ닢닩쇋룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋퓚횰튵뿝뷟죽붵죽훖돉럖:(1)뫄뷟(exhaustion),횸룶쳥룶캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖쟩뿶,룷캬뛈뗄욽뻹쫽뫍쟩탷뫍쟩룐뒦폚벫뛈욣샍ힴ첬,릤ퟷ죈쟩뇪ힼ닮죧쿂:췪좫즥쪧ꆣ(2)벥?(cynicism),횸룶쳥틔뇭1ꆡ횰튵뿝뷟죽룶캬뛈뗄욽뻹쫽뫍뇪ힼ닮샤쒮뗄쟩탷뛔듽죋뫍쫂,쫨샫릤ퟷ,췦쫀늻(n=1555)릧ꆣ(3)횰튵킧쓜쿂붵(reducedprofession2캬뛈MSDalefficacy),횸룶쳥뛔ퟔ벺릤ퟷ뗄틢틥뫍볛횵뗄움볛쿂붵,퓚릤ퟷ훐쳥믡늻떽돉뻍룐ꆣ뫄뷟(EX)141094122벥?(CY)101263183Maslach뾪랢뗄횰튵뿝뷟솿뇭틲캪뻟놸뷏횰튵킧쓜(PE)281914133룟뗄탅뛈뫍킧뛈뗃떽맣랺뗄펦폃ꆣ룃솿뇭뗄훐컄냦평샮뎬욽ꆢ쪱뾱뗈탞뚩,탞뚩뫳뗄312ꆡ룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋횰튵뿝뷟뗄죋뿚춳컊뻭릲15쳢,냼삨죽룶캬뛈,럖뇰캪:뫄볆톧뇤솿닮틬뷟ꆢ벥?뫍횰튵킧쓜ꆣ닉폃샮뿋쳘쪽(Lik2뛔죋뿚춳볆톧뇤솿뷸탐럖컶,랢쿖룟ert)6뗣볇럖,폫ퟔ벺쟩뿶췪좫늻럻뫏볇1벶횰튵뺭샭죋퓚탔뇰ꆢ쓪쇤ꆢ쫜뷌폽돌뛈ꆢ럖,췪좫럻뫏볇6럖ꆣ컊뻭늻볓ퟜ럖,럖컶믩틶ힴ뿶뫍횰캻짏,횰튵뿝뷟쮮욽뚼폐ퟅ쪱쪹폃뗄쫇룷캬뛈뗄뗃럖ꆣ죧맻퓚뫄뷟ꆢ쿔훸뗄닮틬ꆣ벥?캬뛈짏뗃럖룟,춬쪱퓚횰튵킧쓜캬뛈31211ꆡ탔뇰짏뗃럖뗍,퓲뇭쏷횰튵뿝뷟돌뛈룟ꆣ퓚놾뛔쓐탔뺭샭죋(n=1303)뫍얮탔뺭샭퇐뺿훐,솿뇭뗄쓚늿튻훂탔탅뛈쾵쫽캪죋(n=233)퓚뿝뷟죽룶캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖뷸탐0168ꆣ뫄뷟ꆢ벥?뫍횰튵킧쓜죽룶럖솿뇭닮틬쿔훸탔볬퇩ꆣ뷡맻랢쿖,얮탔뺭샭죋뗄쓚늿튻훂탔탅뛈쾵쫽럖뇰캪0185ꆢ0187퓚ꆰ뫄뷟ꆱ뫍ꆰ벥?ꆱ캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖뚼튪쿔훸뫍0189ꆣ룟폚쓐탔뺭샭죋(F=81346,p=0100433;21212ꆡ톹솦풴뗷닩뇭ꆡ톡폃첨췥탞뚩뗄F=291223,p=01000333),퓚ꆰ횰튵킧쓜ꆱ훐컄냦횰튵톹솦횸뇪컊뻭(theOccupation2캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖쿔훸뗍폚쓐탔뺭샭죋(F=171949,p=01000333alStressIndicator22,OSI22[12])훐뗄톹솦)ꆣ쮵쏷얮탔뺭샭죋풴럖솿뇭,퓙볓짏ퟔ뇠뗄솽룶캬뛈ꆪꆪꆪ뷇뗄횰튵뿝뷟돌뛈튪쏷쿔룟폚쓐탔ꆣ즫돥춻뫍뷇즫쒣뫽,릲50쳢,8룶캬뛈,럖31212ꆡ쓪쇤
룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟ힴ뿶벰웤폫릤ퟷ톹솦뗄맘쾵/헅컷뎬뗈321뇭2ꆡ늻춬쓪쇤뺭샭죋퓚뿝뷟죽룶캬뛈짏뗄닮틬볬퇩뷡맻쓪쇤ꇜ25(n=30)25ꆫ35(n=587)36ꆫ45(n=505)46ꆫ55(n=311)ꇝ55(n=118)(쯪)MSDMSDMSDMSDMFSD뫄뷟15111313813199412314111411214127412613185415501548벥?121133129101623195101263177917831659130317501000333횰튵킧쓜261464108281934135291084125281864131281824158010333ꆡꆡ힢:3p<0105,33p<0101,333p<01001,쿂춬ꆣꆡꆡ뛔늻춬쓪쇤뗄뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟돌뛈돌뛈쿔훸뗍폚룟벶맜샭헟뗄횰튵뿝뷟돌뷸탐랽닮럖컶,랢쿖벥?뫍횰튵킧쓜솽룶캬뛈ꆣ뇭쿖퓚,퓚뫄뷟뫍벥?캬뛈짏,ퟮ룟벶뛈뗄훷킧펦쿔훸ꆣ뺭맽쫂뫳볬퇩(LSD)랢맜샭헟뗄뗃럖뻹쿔훸뗍폚룟벶맜샭헟(F=쿖,퓚헢벥?캬뛈짏,25쯪틔쿂ퟩ뗃럖쿔훸61525,p=01000333;F=251608,p=룟폚웤쯻ퟩ,ퟜ쳥뇤뮯쟷쫆쫇쯦ퟅ쓪쇤뗄짽01000333),퓚횰튵킧쓜캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖퓲쿔룟뛸벥?룐쿂붵ꆣ퓚횰튵킧쓜캬뛈짏,25쯪훸룟폚뫳헟(F=71131,p=01000333)ꆣ틔쿂ퟩ뗃럖쿔훸뗍폚웤쯻ퟩ,퓚웤쯻ퟩ훐,313ꆡ횰튵뺭샭죋뿝뷟쮮욽폫릤ퟷ톹솦풴36ꆫ45쯪쓪쇤뛎뗃럖ퟮ룟,떫닮틬캴듯떽쿔뗄맘쾵훸쮮욽ꆣ헢튻뷡맻쮵쏷,쓪쇤퓚25쯪틔쿂ꆡꆡ럖뇰틔횰튵뿝뷟뗄죽룶캬뛈ퟷ캪틲뇤뗄횰튵뺭샭죋횰튵뿝뷟돌뛈ퟮ룟ꆣ솿,릤ퟷ톹솦풴뗄냋룶캬뛈ퟷ캪ퟔ뇤솿,뷸31213ꆡ믩틶ힴ뿶탐훰늽믘맩,뷡맻볻뇭3ꆣ뛔틑믩뗄뺭샭죋(n=1258)뫍떥짭뗄뺭샭죋(n=221)퓚뿝뷟죽룶캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖뇭3ꆡ룷살풴뗄릤ퟷ톹솦뛔뿝뷟룷캬뛈뗄뷸탐닮틬쿔훸탔볬퇩ꆣ뷡맻랢쿖,떥짭뗄훰늽믘맩럖컶뷡맻뺭샭죋퓚ꆰ뫄뷟ꆱ뫍ꆰ벥?ꆱ캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖뚼틲뇤솿풤닢뇤솿ꛂAdjustt튪쿔훸룟폚틑믩뗄뺭샭죋R2(F=51221,p=뫄뷟릤ퟷ뢺뫉0125501091701910333010223;F=271159,p=01000333),퓚ꆰ횰튵킧쓜ꆱ캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖쿔훸뗍폚틑믩뗄뺭죕뎣랳죅0112701103401561333ퟩ횯럕캧0111501110401230333샭죋(F=41195,p=010413)ꆣ쮵쏷떥짭릤ퟷ볒춥욽뫢010890111420170733뗄뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟돌뛈튪쏷쿔룟폚틑믩벥?횰튵랢햹0119401069601998333헟,헢튻뗣퓚벥?캬뛈짏뇭쿖뗃폈캪쏷쿔ꆣퟩ횯럕캧011440108550118833331214ꆡ톧샺횰튵킧쓜릤ퟷ볒춥욽뫢-0111901010-3120833뛔늻춬톧샺뗄횰튵뺭샭죋퓚뿝뷟죽룶뷇즫쒣뫽-0115601014-3139833캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖뷸탐닮틬쿔훸탔볬퇩ꆣ뷡맻뷇즫돥춻-0112401018-2170133랢쿖,횻퓚횰튵킧쓜캬뛈짏훷킧펦쿔훸(Fꆡꆡ평뇭3뿉볻,펰쿬뫄뷟뗄릤ퟷ톹솦살=41923,p=0100233),뺭맽뷸튻늽뗄쫂뫳풴폐릤ퟷ뢺뫉ꆢ죕뎣랳죅ꆢퟩ횯럕캧뫍릤ퟷ볬퇩(LSD)랢쿖,듳벰틔쿂톧샺뗄뺭샭볒춥욽뫢,ퟜ뷢쫍싊캪1114%ꆣ펰쿬벥?죋횰튵킧쓜룐튪쿔훸뗍폚놾뿆벰퇐뺿짺톧뗄릤ퟷ톹솦풴폐횰튵랢햹뫍ퟩ횯럕캧,ퟜ샺뗄뺭샭죋ꆣ퓚뫄뷟뫍벥?솽룶캬뛈짏,뷢쫍싊캪815%ꆣ펰쿬횰튵킧쓜뗄릤ퟷ톹늻춬톧샺쮮욽뗄뺭샭죋쎻폐쿔훸닮틬ꆣ솦풴캪릤ퟷ볒춥욽뫢ꆢ뷇즫쒣뫽뫍뷇즫돥31215ꆡ횰캻춻,ퟜ뷢쫍싊캪118%ꆣ퓚룷훖톹솦풴횮놾퇐뺿뗄놻쫔평ퟮ룟벶뗄맜샭헟뫍룟훐,죋볊맘쾵톹솦풴캴뷸죫죎뫎믘맩랽돌ꆣ벶맜샭죋풱ퟩ돉,뇈뷏쯻쏇뗄횰튵뿝뷟뗃ퟜ뗄살뾴,릤ퟷ톹솦풴뛔뫄뷟캬뛈뗄펰쿬럖랢쿖,ퟮ룟벶뗄웳튵맜샭헟뗄횰튵뿝뷟ퟮ듳,벥?뻓훐,뛔횰튵킧쓜뗄펰쿬ퟮ킡ꆣ
322펦폃탄샭톧ꆤ2005쓪뗚11뻭뗚4웚쿖릤ퟷ뫍볒춥횮볤뗄쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆪꆪꆪ릤ퟷ펰4ꆡ쳖ꆡꆡ싛쿬볒춥,랴맽살볒춥튲펰쿬릤ퟷ,뚼뫍횰튵뿝뷟듦퓚쮫쿲뗄솪쾵ꆣMaria뗈(2005)퇐톹솦닺짺뗄횰튵뿝뷟,믡쪹룟벶뺭샭뺿튲횤쪵릤ퟷ볒춥돥춻뛔얮탔뗄뿝뷟펰쿬죋닺짺튻쾵쇐뗄짭쳥횢ힴ,죧뎤웚뗄욣샍ꆢ튪룟폚뛔쓐탔뗄펰쿬[16],헢훖쟩뿶퓚뷏훘쪧쏟ꆢ짭쳥믺쓜쪧뗷뗈;뛸톹틖ꆢ쪧냜룐ꆢ컞쫓얮탔볒춥뷇즫뗄훐맺뇭쿖튲쪮럖쏷쿔ꆣ훺룐ꆢ컞췻룐,틔벰룐떽릤ퟷ좱짙틢틥쫇뿝헢튻퇐뺿뷡맻늻뷶뇭쏷얮탔뺭샭죋듦퓚뿝뷟뗄뗤탍쟩룐횢ힴꆣ퇐뺿뇭쏷,룟횰튵뿝뷟컊쳢,뛸쟒튲탨튪뗃떽룼뛠뗄맘힢ꆣ뷟폫뗍릤ퟷ싺틢룐폐맘(Maslach,2001;퓚쯹폐뗄죋뿚톧뇤솿뗄퇐뺿훐,쓪쇤Lee&Ashforth,1996;Margaret&Jill,틲쯘쪼훕폫뿝뷟횮볤듦퓚컈뚨뗄솪쾵ꆣ틔2003[13][14][15])ꆣ횰튵뿝뷟믡퓶볓맜샭헟뗄췹뗄퇐뺿랢쿖쓪쟡풱릤뗄뿝뷟돌뛈튪룟폚뿵릤ꆢ떡릤ꆢ릤ퟷ쇷뚯싊,퓶볓릤ퟷ쫂맊,붵쓇킩뎬맽30쯪믲40쯪풱릤ꆣ쓪쇤틲쯘폫뗍릤ퟷ벨킧ꆣ헢킩쟩뿶뛔ퟩ횯뫍룶죋뚼믡릤ퟷ뺭퇩쏜쟐쿠맘,틲듋뿝뷟룼폐뿉쓜돶퓬돉쯰쪧,떼훂돉놾뗄퓶볓ꆣ쿖퓚횰튵짺퇄뗄퓧웚,떫쫇헢훖뷢쫍늢쎻411ꆡ룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋횰튵뿝뷟뗄죋뿚춳폐짦벰컊쳢뗄좫늿ꆣ놾퇐뺿랢쿖쓪쇤퓚25볆톧뷡맻쳖싛쯪틔쿂뗄횰튵뺭샭죋뿝뷟돌뛈ퟮ룟,헢훖죋쏇늻횻쫇뛔릤ퟷ쟩뺳ퟷ돶볲떥뗄랴퇐뺿뷡맻캪죏쪶쓪쟡뗄횰튵뺭샭죋퓚탍펦,룼훘튪뗄쫇죋폫죋횮볤뗄랴펦듦퓚닮웚훐맺짧믡랢햹훐돐쫜뗄톹솦쳡릩쇋틀틬ꆣ퇐뺿랢쿖룶죋뗄쒳킩틲쯘죧죋뿚톧뇤뻝,놾퇐뺿뷡맻뷒쪾쇋횰튵뿝뷟헽퓚뛔쓪솿(쓪쇤ꆢ뷌폽돌뛈뗈),폫뿝뷟횮볤듦퓚튻쟡뗄횰튵뺭샭죋좺쳥닺짺뻞듳펰쿬ꆣ퇐뺿뚨뗄솪쾵ꆣ헟죏캪,훐맺뺭볃톸쯙랢햹뗄뷚ퟠ,쳡릩쇋맘폚탔뇰뫍뿝뷟횮볤뗄맘쾵쒿잰늢쎻쓪쟡뗄횰튵뺭샭죋퓚쫂튵짏좡뗃뷸늽뫍룄폐믱뗃튻훂뗄뷡싛,튻킩퇐뺿죏캪얮탔뿝짆뺭볃쳵볾뗄믺폶,듙쪹쯻쏇쟚럜뗘릤ퟷ뷟돌뛈룟폚쓐탔,떫튲폐쿠랴뗄뷡싛,짵훁늢돐퓘짧믡랢햹뗄톹솦,뻞듳뗄톹솦떼훂뮹폐퇐뺿죏캪쓐얮뿝뷟돌뛈쫇쿠춬뗄ꆣ얮헢튻좺쳥닺짺잿쇒뗄뿝뷟ꆣ탔퓚짌뎡훐뗄뿝뷟컊쳢뫜짙쫜떽맘힢,죋틔췹뗄퇐뺿랢쿖,캴믩헟(폈웤쫇쓐쏇죏캪짌뎡훐뗄뿝뷟쯆뫵쫇쓐죋뗄ꆰ탔)뇈틑믩헟룼죝틗뮼짏뿝뷟컊쳢ꆣ놾퇐샻ꆱ,뫜짙붫얮탔뺭샭죋폫뿝뷟컊쳢솪쾵웰뺿뛔믩틶ힴ뿶뗄닮틬럖컶랢쿖,틑믩뗄뺭살ꆣ떫쫇놾퇐뺿뗄뷡맻좴뷒쪾,얮탔뺭샭샭죋뿝뷟쮮욽쿔훸뗍폚떥짭뗄뺭샭죋,헢죋퓚ꆰ뫄뷟ꆱ뫍ꆰ벥?ꆱ캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖뚼튪쿔폫틑췹뗄퇐뺿뷡싛튻훂ꆣ믩틶뫍볒춥쫇튻훸룟폚쓐탔뺭샭죋;탨튪횸돶뗄쫇,얮탔뺭룶죋퓚쏦쇙톹솦믲삧쓑뗄쪱뫲쓜릻룸폨웤샭죋퓚ꆰ벥?ꆱ캬뛈짏뗄뗃럖룟폚쓐탔,헢냯훺뗄쾵춳,헢훖훘튪뗄짧믡횧돖쾵춳뿉폫틔췹퓚룃캬뛈짏쓐탔뗃럖햼폅뗄퇐뺿뷡틔뮺뷢뫍쫍럅톹솦쯹듸살뗄늻솼랴펦ꆣ틲싛늻춬ꆣ얮탔룟닣맜샭헟뗄헻쳥뿝뷟돌뛈듋,퓚춬퇹뗄톹솦쟩뺳횮쿂,좱랦짧믡횧돖뷏룟뿉쓜훷튪폐솽룶랽쏦뗄풭틲,튻랽쏦뗄죋뇈쓇킩폐뷏뛠짧믡횧돖뗄죋룼뿉쓜돶쫇릤ퟷퟔ짭톹솦뗄펰쿬,쯽쏇뗄돉릦탨튪쿖짭탄컊쳢ꆣ쿠뛔살붲,틑믩헟뇈떥짭헟뿋럾탔뇰뿌냥펡쿳듸살뗄쿻벫펰쿬,탔뇰룼뛠뗘펵폐폫볒죋릲뛈뗄쪱맢,늻떫쓜릻뷇즫웚췻룼볓맘힢얮탔퓚볒춥훐뗄춶죫,쿻복톹솦쫂볾뗄뻸뛔쫽솿,뛸쟒뿉틔퓋폃떫쫇ퟷ캪횰튵뺭샭죋탨튪뇈쓐탔폐룼뛠뗄짧믡횧돖쾵춳좥뗖뾹틑뺭탎돉뗄톹솦,틲뢶돶,돐떣룼뛠뗄톹솦;쇭튻랽쏦쫇릤ퟷ폫듋뿝뷟돌뛈룼뗍ꆣ볒춥횮볤돥춻뗄펰쿬ꆣLeiter뗈(1996)랢틑폐뗄퇐뺿랢쿖룟톧샺뗄풱릤뇈쓇킩
룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟ힴ뿶벰웤폫릤ퟷ톹솦뗄맘쾵/헅컷뎬뗈323뗍톧샺뗄풱릤뿝뷟돌뛈튪룟,떫쫇헢훖쿖횮튻,틔췹뗄퇐뺿랢쿖,맽솿뗄릤ퟷ튪쟳,쿳좴컞램믱뗃뫜뫃뗄뷢쫍,틲캪뷌폽돌뛈죧뎬뢺뫉뗄릤ퟷ폫뿝뷟횮볤,폈웤쫇쟩탷뿉쓜폫웤쯻뗄뇤솿죧횰튵뫍뗘캻쿠솪쾵,뫄뷟횮볤듦퓚잿쇒뛸컈뚨뗄솪쾵,놾퇐뺿펵폐룟톧샺뗄풱릤뿉쓜돐떣룼듳뗄퓰죎뫍뗄랢쿖횤쪵쇋릤ퟷ뢺뫉뛔폚뿝뷟뗄펰쿬ꆣ뺭쫜룼듳뗄톹솦,튲뿉쓜쫇룟톧샺풱릤뛔퓚뿝뷟뗄죽룶캬뛈훐,쫜떽릤ퟷ뢺뫉펰쿬ퟔ짭웚췻튲룟,튻떩웚췻늻쓜쪵쿖,뇣믡닺ퟮ듳뗄쫇뫄뷟캬뛈ꆣ뫄뷟놾짭뻍쫇뿝뷟뗄짺뿝뷟룐ꆣ놾퇐뺿랢쿖듳벰틔쿂톧샺뗄톹솦뇭쿖,쫇튻훖짭탄늻뾰훘뢺,벸뷼쮥뷟뺭샭죋횰튵킧쓜룐튪쿔훸뗍폚놾뿆벰퇐뺿뗄ힴ첬,쯼폫릤ퟷ뢺뫉뗄솪쾵ퟮ캪뷴쏜ꆣ짺톧샺뗄뺭샭죋;떫퓚뫄뷟뫍벥?솽룶캬탨튪횸돶,퓬돉뿝뷟뗄릤ퟷ뢺뫉풭틲돽쇋뛈짏,늻춬톧샺쮮욽뗄뺭샭죋쎻폐쿔훸닮뎬뢺뫉릤ퟷ뗄펰쿬탎쪽틔췢,뮹뿉쓜듦퓚틬ꆣ쮵쏷톧샺뛔폚뺭샭죋쟩룐뫍죋볊맘쾵ퟔ짭폫릤ퟷ늻욥엤쯹퓬돉뗄펰쿬탎쪽,뻟훊솿뗄ퟷ폃늻듳,떫믡펰쿬떽쯻쏇뛔폚ퟔ쳥뛸퇔뻍쫇벴쪹릤ퟷ솿튪쟳뫏샭,튲믡평짭릤ퟷ돉뻍뗄움볛ꆣ퇐뺿헟죏캪,룟톧샺폚룶쳥늢늻쾲뮶쯹돐떣뗄릤ퟷ,믲좱짙쿠뗄뺭샭죋폐쿠뛔솼뫃뗄뷌폽놳뺰,틲듋뛔펦뗄릤ퟷ쓜솦믲틢풸뛸떼훂뿝뷟뗄닺짺ꆣ폚횰튵랢햹뗄냑컕룼캪ퟔ탅;뛸톧샺뷏뗍짧믡뗄랢햹쪹볒춥뫍릤ퟷ횮볤뗄뷧쿞뗄뺭샭죋퓲뿉쓜믡퓚헢랽쏦룐떽ꆰ탄폐폠풽살풽쒣뫽,볒춥뷇즫뫍릤ퟷ뷇즫횮볤듦뛸솦늻ퟣꆱ,짵훁뮳틉ퟔ벺뗄쓜솦,듓뛸뇭퓚쿠뮥뗄펰쿬,내헕뷇즫샭싛뗄뷢쫍,웤훐쿖돶횰튵킧쓜룐뷏뗍ꆣ튻훖뷇즫뗄냧퇝뿉쓜믡펰쿬떽쇭췢튻훖뷇놾퇐뺿뮹랢쿖ퟮ룟닣맜샭헟뗄뿝뷟쮮즫,평듋떼훂볒춥뫍릤ퟷ뷇즫횮볤뗄돥춻ꆣ욽튪쿔훸뗍폚쿂쫴뗄맜샭죋풱ꆣ퇐뺿헟죏틑췹뗄퇐뺿뇭쏷,릤ퟷ뛔볒춥뗄펰쿬,믲볒캪헢훖풭틲뿉쓜퓚폚,ퟮ룟닣맜샭헟뛠쫇릫춥뛔릤ퟷ뗄펰쿬뚼믡펰쿬뫄뷟뗄닺짺,놾쮾뗄햽싔훆뚨헟뫍뻶닟헟,뛸늻쫇횴탐헟,퇐뺿튲횤쪵쇋릤ퟷ볒춥욽뫢뛔쟩룐뫄뷟뗄뷏짙뒦샭뻟쳥쫂컱뫍킭뗷죋볊맘쾵,틲듋뇜훘튪펰쿬ퟷ폃ꆣ쏢쇋뫜듳튻늿럖평폚랱쯶뗄죕뎣쫂컱듸살퓚룷훖톹솦풴횮훐,죋볊맘쾵톹솦풴뗄톹솦,튲폐룼뛠뗄쪱볤뫍뺫솦좥뗷헻ퟔ짭캴뷸죫죎뫎믘맩랽돌,헢뿉쓜쫇틲캪룟벶뗄첬뛈뫍쟩탷ꆣ뛸ퟷ캪횴탐헟뗄뷏뗍튻벶횰튵뺭샭죋뛠쫽뒦폚웳튵뗄룟닣,릤ퟷ훐맜샭죋풱,늻떫튪뒦샭듳솿뗄쫂컱탔릤ퟷ,뗄죋볊맘쾵뛠쫇짏벶뛔쿂벶뗄맘쾵,쿠뷏뛸쟒탨튪춬쪱캪짏벶샏냥뫍쿂벶풱릤뢺퓰,폚믹닣룼캪떥튻,틲듋쯻쏇늢캴쳥믡떽쏷쪱뎣믡쳥믡떽뷇즫뗄돥춻,쯹돐쫜뗄톹솦ퟔ쿔뗄죋볊맘쾵톹솦ꆣ좻룼듳,퓬돉쯻쏇뗄뿝뷟쮮욽룼룟ꆣ412ꆡ룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋뿝뷟쮮욽폫릤ퟷ톹5ꆡ뷡ꆡꆡ싛솦뗄맘쾵쳖싛횰튵뿝뷟폫톹솦폐ퟅ쏜늻뿉럖뗄솪쾵ꆣ(1)얮탔뺭샭죋뗄횰튵뿝뷟쮮욽쿔훸뿉틔냑뿝뷟뾴ퟷ쫇튻훖평폚톹솦뎤웚믽샛뛸룟폚쓐탔뺭샭죋;퓬돉뗄튻훖룼퇏훘뗄펦벤ힴ첬ꆣ떫릤ퟷ톹솦(2)25쯪틔쿂뗄뺭샭죋횰튵뿝뷟쮮욽폫뿝뷟늢늻쫇튻믘쫂,쳘뚨뗄톹솦풴(죧릤ퟷ쿔훸룟폚웤쯻쓪쇤뗄뺭샭죋;뢺뫉)뛔뿝뷟뗄닺짺뻟폐뫜듳뗄펰쿬ퟷ폃ꆣ(3)캴믩뗄뺭샭죋횰튵뿝뷟쮮욽쿔훸틲듋,뛔폚룟벶횰튵뺭샭죋럖컶떼훂쯻쏇횰룟폚떥짭뗄뺭샭죋;튵뿝뷟뗄훷튪릤ퟷ톹솦풴폐쓄킩랽쏦,뛔붵(4)톧샺퓚듳벰틔쿂뗄뺭샭죋횰튵뗍횰튵뿝뷟뗄펰쿬뻟폐훘튪틢틥ꆣ킧쓜룐쿔훸뗍폚톧샺뷏룟뗄뺭샭죋;릤ퟷ쳘헷쫇릤ퟷ쟩뺳뗄훘튪ퟩ돉틲쯘(5)ퟮ룟벶맜샭헟뗄횰튵뿝뷟쮮욽쿔
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ퟩ횯횧돖룐퇐뺿뗄탂뷸햹/탭냙뮪뗈329inthecontextofanexpatriateassign2doinggood:,2004,themoodatworkorganizationalspon230(2):209ꆫ[12]EisenbergerR,ArmeliS,RexwinkelBulletin,1992,112:310ꆫ329B,[15]Coyle2ShapiroJA2M,:AnexaminationpliedPsychology,2001,86:42ꆫ51ofpsychologicalcontractsandper2[13],2005,90(2):tionalcitizenshipbehaviorrelation2774ꆫ[16]탬쿾럦,뎵뫪짺,쇖톤믔뗈.ퟩ횯횧돖chology,1991,21:1490ꆫ1501샭싛벰웤퇐뺿.탄샭톧놨,2005,37[14]GeorgeJM,(1):130ꆫ132RecentDevelopmentinResearchonPerceivedOrganizationalSupportXUBai2huaꆡZHANGXing2guo(DepartmentofPsychologyandBehaviorSciences,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,310028)AbstractInthispaper,abriefreviewwasmadeofthelat2per,questionsthatwillneedtobeaddressedbyestresearchonperceivedorganizationsupportfutureresearcharediscussed.(POS),includingtheresearchbackground,theKeywords:perceivedorganizationalsupporttheoreticalbasis,theantecedentandconsequence(POS),leader2memberexchange(LMX),(짏뷓뗚324튳)TheRelationshipbetweenJobBurnoutandWorkingPressureamongSeniorProfessionalManagersZHANGXi2chao1ꆡXUXiao2feng2ꆡCHEHong2sheng1(,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing,100875;,Baoding,071000)AbstractThisresearchexaminedtherelationshipbetweendemicqualification,maritalstatus,position,jobburnoutandworkingpressureamong1555etc;(2)Exceptforinterpersonalrelationships,,:(1):seniorprofessionalmanager,joblevelofseniorprofessionalmanagerswithregardburnout,workingpressuretodemographicvariables,suchassex,age,aca2
