뗚40뻭뗚5웚헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦),쓪9퓂JournalofZhejiangUniversity(HumanitiesandSocialSciences)훷쳢삸쒿:훐맺쟸폲뺭볃뾪럅폫랢햹컊쳢퇐뺿DOI:
뗚5웚뷰쿩죙ꆡ폠뚬:뒴탂킧싊ꆢ닺튵쳘헷폫쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤117냩쯦횪쪶뺭볃쪱듺뗄떽살,뒴탂틑돉캪펰쿬쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤ퟮ훘튪뗄뚯솦틲쯘ꆣ퓚컒맺,뒴탂튲죕틦뗃떽룷벶헾뢮뫍웳튵뗄룟뛈훘쫓,늢퓚횪쪶닺좨햽싔뗄훆뚨훐좷솢쇋틔ퟔ훷뒴탂캪훷쳥뗄랽헫ꆣ떫쫇,룷뗘쟸뛔뒴탂죏쪶뗄웕뇩쳡룟ꆢ뛔뒴탂춶죫뗄늻뛏볓듳,늢캴듸살뒴탂닺돶뗄춬뇈퓶뎤,쟸폲횮볤뒴탂킧싊뗄닮틬랴뛸풽살풽쏷쿔ꆣ놾컄횼퓚퇐뺿뒴탂킧싊뗄쟸폲닮틬컊쳢,냼삨쟸폲횮볤퓚뒴탂쓜솦ꆢ뒴탂뒫떼뫍뒴탂뺭볃킧틦짏뗄닮틬벰웤폫쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤횮볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ뇊헟죏캪,룷쟸폲쓚틑폐뗄닺튵쳘헷헽쫇퓬돉뒴탂춶죫폫ퟮ훕뛔뺭볃퓶뎤뗄듙뷸ퟷ폃닺짺벫듳닮틬뗄훘튪룹풴횮튻ꆣ틲듋,놾컄ퟅ훘듓쟸폲닺튵쳘헷뗄뷇뛈뷢쫍뒴탂듸살뗄쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤뗄닮틬ꆣ튻ꆢ잰죋쿠맘컄쿗믘맋뫍쫶움ퟔ듓20쫀볍80쓪듺탂뺭볃퓶뎤샭싛탋웰틔살,맺쓚췢톧헟뛔뒴탂컊쳢뗄맘힢돶쿖쇋탂뗄룟뎱,룷샠컄쿗닣돶늻쟮,퇐뺿뷇뛈뛠퇹,퇐뺿랽램룷틬ꆣퟛ맛헢킩컄쿗,듳훂뿉럖돉솽샠:튻샠쫇틔쟸폲캪퇐뺿뛔쿳,첽쳖쒳쟸폲뒴탂킧싊,믲뇈뷏늻춬쟸폲볤뒴탂킧싊뗄닮틬ꆣ펢맺톧헟Cookeퟮ퓧쳡돶쟸폲뒴탂쾵춳뗄룅쓮[1],쯦뫳,룷톧헟듓쟸폲뒴탂뗄룅쓮떽쟸폲뒴탂쾵춳뗄뷡릹,퓙떽쟸폲뒴탂뗄뮷뺳뫍쟸폲뒴탂뗄움볛뚼ퟷ쇋샭싛럖컶ꆣ쿠뇈샭싛퇐뺿,뛔쟸폲뒴탂뗄쪵횤퇐뺿튪톷즫뗃뛠ꆣ웤훐,듳늿럖톧헟샻폃횪쪶짺닺몯쫽[2]뛔룷뗘쟸뗄뒴탂킧싊뷸탐쇋움볛뫍뇈뷏ꆣ죧Acs뗈죋퓋폃룃랽램퇐뺿쇋쏀맺횪쪶짺닺춶죫뫍뒴탂닺돶횮볤뗄맘쾵[3]ꆣFritsch퓲퓋폃룃랽램닢솿뫍뇈뷏쇋얷훞11룶쟸폲뒴탂뗄킧싊[4]ꆣ컢폱쏹[5]ꆢ샮쾰놣[6]럖뇰볆쯣쇋훐맺룷쪡폲뒴탂춶죫뫍뒴탂닺돶횮볤뗄닮틬ꆣ떫횪쪶짺닺몯쫽뷶붫뒴탂춶죫(R&D놾춶죫뫍/믲R&D죋솦춶죫)폫뒴탂닺돶(샻쫽솿)솪쾵웰살,캴뾼싇뒴탂폫쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤뗄맘솪,틲뛸,평듋뗃떽뗄뒴탂킧싊뛔뷢쫍뒴탂뗄뺭볃킧펦폐튻뚨뗄뻖쿞탔ꆣ쇭튻킩톧헟퓲춨맽볆쯣좫튪쯘짺닺싊살첽쳖벼쫵뷸늽뛔쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤뗄릱쿗싊ꆣ죧튦쿈맺뗈닢뛈쇋뎤붭죽뷇훞뗘쟸15룶돇쫐뗄벼쫵킧싊쮮욽뫍벼쫵뒴탂쮮욽뛔뺭볃퓶뎤뗄릱쿗싊[7]ꆣ췵뇸뫍퇕열량춨맽Malmquist횸쫽뗄럖뷢쳖싛쇋벼쫵킧싊ꆢ벼쫵뷸늽뛔뚫퇇뺭볃퓶뎤뗄ퟷ폃,틔첽쳖뚫퇇뺭볃퓶뎤쫇럱듦퓚쟷춬킧펦[8]ꆣ룃랽램쓜폐킧움볛쟸폲뒴탂폫쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤볤뗄맘쾵,떫쒣탍뷏캪뢴퓓,쫽뻝쫕벯뫍뒦샭랽램쎻폐춳튻뇪ힼ,틲듋룷톧헟뗃떽뗄뷡싛닮틬뷏듳ꆣ뮹폐튻킩톧헟춨맽쪵뗘뗷퇐살럖컶쒳룶쟸폲뒴탂쾵춳뗄뻟쳥ힴ뿶ꆣ죧TÊdtling뫍Kaufmann뛔얷훞11룶쟸폲뗄웳튵뒴탂믮뚯ꆢ뗘쟸볤뒴탂믮뚯닮틬뗈뷸탐쇋럖컶뫍뇈뷏[9]ꆣ헅뷜뗈틔붭쯕쪡캪퇹놾,춨맽듳솿뗷닩컊뻭,ퟜ뷡쇋펰쿬뒴탂믮뚯뗄맘볼틲쯘[10]ꆣ헢샠랽램쫽뻝헦쪵,쳹뷼뗘쟸랢햹쪵볊,틲듋,쯹뗃뷡싛폐뷏잿뗄쿖쪵횸떼틢틥ꆣ떫쫇,룃랽램뷏쓑틔뷸탐쟸폲볤뇈뷏,뷡싛짐좱랦튻냣샭싛틢틥ꆣ뛔뒴탂컊쳢뗄쇭튻샠퇐뺿쫇틔닺튵캪퇐뺿뛔쿳,첽쳖쒳닺튵뗄뒴탂킧싊틔벰룷닺튵퓚뒴탂쓜솦뫍뒴탂뒫떼짏뗄닮틬ꆣ뛔닺튵뒴탂킧싊뗄뇈뷏,맘볼퓚폚뛔닺튵뗄럖샠ꆣ폐톧헟듓닺좨샠탍뗄늻춬살럖컶,랢쿖벯쳥웳튵짺닺싊뗄퓶뎤쮮욽뫍쯙뛈튻횱폅폚맺폐웳튵[11],막럝훆웳튵뗄킧싊쯤좻뇈웤쯻샠탍웳튵뗍,떫죔룟폚맺폐웳튵,췢웳튵뗄짺닺싊ퟮ룟[12]ꆣ헢훖럖샠퇐뺿훷튪돶쿖퓚맺췢컄쿗,맺쓚퇐뺿뛠붫웳튵뗄닺좨샠탍ퟷ캪튻룶뿘훆뇤솿,뛸쎻폐쏅뛀솢뗄퇐뺿ꆣ쇭튻늿럖퇐뺿듓닺튵뗄벼쫵쳘헷닮틬살럖샠ꆣ헢샠컄쿗훐폐쏅뛔쒳튻닺튵뷸탐뗄럖컶퇐뺿,죧Larsson뫍Malmberg뾼달쇋죰뗤믺킵닺튵뗄뒴탂킧싊[13],Hassink뫍Wood뛔뗂맺튮쓃맢톧릤튵벯좺뫍쒽쓡뫚뗧ퟓ닺튵벯좺뷸탐쇋쪵횤퇐뺿[14]ꆣ튲폐뛔늻춬샠탍닺튵뗄뇈뷏퇐뺿,죧Adams뛔룟벼쫵닺튵뫍럇룟벼쫵닺튵뗄뒴탂킧싊뷸탐쇋뇈뷏[15]ꆣ맺쓚뗄퇐뺿듳뛠틔듋럖샠햹뾪,늢죏캪룟벼쫵닺튵뗄뒴탂킧싊룟폚럇룟벼쫵닺튵[16]ꆣ틔닺튵캪퇐뺿뛔쿳뗄컄쿗쓜폐킧냑컕닺튵뗄벼쫵쳘헷,뛔쳘뚨닺튵뗄뒴탂랢햹폐뷏잿뗄횸떼
118헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦)뗚40뻭틢틥ꆣ좻뛸,늻춬뗘쟸퓚닺튵샠탍ꆢ닺튵뷡릹ꆢ랢햹뷗뛎뫍ퟩ횯탎쪽짏뚼폐닮틬,벴쪹쫇춬튻닺튵,퓚늻춬뗘쟸튲뇭쿖돶뷘좻늻춬뗄뒴탂킧싊ꆣ틲듋,맂솢뗘듓닺튵뷇뛈퇐뺿쫇늻좫쏦뗄,펦룃붫닺튵쯹뒦뗄뿕볤랶캧ꆢ쪱볤뷡뗣ퟛ뫏웰살뾼달ꆣ놾컄헽쫇돶폚헢튻뾼싇,붫쟸폲닺튵쳘헷ퟷ캪뒴탂뺭볃킧펦뗄훐볤뒫떼믺훆,뾼달뒴탂죧뫎듙뷸쟸폲뗄뺭볃퓶뎤,뷢쫍쟸폲뒴탂닮틬삩듳뗄풭틲ꆣ뛾ꆢ훐맺쟸폲뒴탂닮틬룅쫶듓20쫀볍90쓪듺쒩뾪쪼,훐맺룷뗘쟸뗄뒴탂믮뚯쏷쿔퓶뛠ꆣ틔듳늿럖톧헟닉폃뗄뒴탂닺돶뫢솿횸뇪ꆪꆪꆪ랢쏷샻ꋙ캪샽,훐맺맺쓚랢쏷샻뗄짪쟫솿뫍쫚좨솿평1998쓪뗄3958볾뫍918볾,짏짽떽2007쓪뗄췲볾뫍췲볾ꆣ춬웚,듓뒴탂믮뚯뗄풴춶죫살뾴,맺쓚퇐랢뺭럑ퟜ뛮평1998쓪뗄486틚풪짏짽떽2007쓪뗄틚풪,햼GDP뗄뇈훘뒴쇋샺쪷탂룟ꆣ뿉볻,훐맺뒴탂닺돶(랢쏷샻쫽)뗄뿬쯙퓶뎤폫룟뛮뗄퇐랢춶죫뷴쏜쿠맘ꆣ냩쯦ퟅ뒴탂ퟜ솿뗄톸쏍퓶뎤,훐맺뗘쟸볤뒴탂쓜솦뗄닮틬좴돊쿖돶죕틦삩듳뗄쟷쫆ꆣ퓚듋,뇊헟춨맽솽룶ퟔ뒴뗄횸뇪볲쏷럖컶웤훐뗄닮틬ꆣ1.뒴탂닺돶싊(InnovationProductivity,IP)ꆣ뇊헟붫뒴탂닺돶싊뚨틥캪쎿떥캻뒴탂춶죫닺돶뗄뒴탂쫽솿ꆣ놾컄폃쎿떥캻퇐랢뺭럑춶죫뒴퓬뗄랢쏷샻뗄쫽솿캪듺뇭,벴맛달쓪뛈IP=쒳뗘쟸랢쏷샻쫽/룃뗘쟸뗄퇐랢뺭럑춶죫ꆣ뾼싇떽랢쏷샻뗄쫚좨솿듺뇭쇋놻쫐뎡죏춬뗄랢쏷샻,헢킩랢쏷룼쓜뮯캪쿖쪵뗄짺닺솦,틲듋,놾컄톡폃랢쏷샻뗄쫚좨솿살볆쯣IP횵ꆣ룹뻝ꆶ훐맺뿆벼춳볆쓪본ꆷ1999쓪뫍2008쓪뗄쫽뻝헻샭,럖뇰볆쯣믱뗃룷쪡뗄IP횵ꆣ맛달뫳랢쿖솽랽쏦쳘헷:튻랽쏦,룷쪡2007쓪IP횵쿠뇈1998쓪뗄뛔펦쫽횵폐쿔훸쳡룟ꆣ좫맺욽뻹짏짽뷼죽놶,웤훐짏짽ퟮ뿬뗄뗘쟸럖뇰캪짏몣뫍맣훝,IP횵럖뇰듓1998쓪뗄뫍,짏짽떽2007쓪뗄뫍,짏짽럹뛈뚼듯떽쇋쯄놶틔짏ꆣ헢뇭쏷룷쪡뷼벸쓪뒴탂닺돶싊뻹폐쏷쿔쳡짽ꆣ쇭튻랽쏦,듓1998쓪훁2007쓪,룷쪡횮볤뒴탂닺돶싊뗄닮틬듦퓚삩듳쟷쫆ꆣ춨맽믦훆솽룶쓪뛈룷쪡뒴탂닺돶싊뗄즢뗣춼뿉틔쏷쿔뾴돶헢룶컊쳢ꆣ평춼1뿉볻,뗣헳뗄췢캧퓚삩헅,벴2007쓪룷쪡뒴탂닺돶싊뗄닮틬쿠뇈1998쓪퓚삩듳ꆣ듓틔짏솽랽쏦뗄쳘헷뿉볻,쯤좻훐맺룷쪡퓚뺭샺쇋뷼쪮쓪뗄뒴탂얬솦뫳,뒴탂뗄닺돶싊폐쿔훸쳡룟,떫룷뗘쟸뗄퓶뎤쯙뛈듦퓚쏷쿔닮틬,벴룷뗘쟸뒴탂쓜솦닮틬폐삩듳뗄쟷쫆ꆣ춼1ꆡ1998쓪뫍2007쓪훐맺룷쪡뒴탂닺돶싊즢뗣춼ꋚꋙ샻럖죽샠,럖뇰쫇랢쏷샻ꆢ쪵폃탂탍샻ꆢ췢맛짨볆샻ꆣ듋뒦뇊헟톡폃벼쫵몬솿뷏룟뗄랢쏷샻ퟷ캪뒴탂닺돶뗄뫢솿횸뇪ꆣꋚ탐헾쟸폲내ꆶ훐맺춳볆쓪본ꆷ쮳탲업쇐ꆣ
뗚5웚뷰쿩죙ꆡ폠뚬:뒴탂킧싊ꆢ닺튵쳘헷폫쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤1192.뒴탂벯훐뛈(InnovationConcentrationRate,ICR)ꆣ룃횸뇪춨맽뒴탂닺돶(랢쏷샻쫽)ퟮ뛠뗄잰n룶뗘쟸뗄샛볆쫽햼좫맺뒴탂닺돶뗄럝뛮살뇭쪾,튲뿉폃뒴탂춶죫(퇐랢뺭럑횧돶)ퟮ뛠뗄잰n룶뗘쟸뗄샛볆쫽햼좫맺뒴탂춶죫뗄럝뛮살뇭쪾,럖뇰뇭쪾캪ICR(n)뫍ICR(n)ꇤ,벴ICR(n)=ꇆPi/P,ICR(n)ꇤ=ꇆEi/E,쪽훐Pi뇭쪾i뗘쟸랢쏷샻쫽,Ei뇭쪾i뗘쟸퇐랢뺭럑횧돶ꆣ뺭쫽뻝헻샭볆쯣,뿉뗃뇭1ꆣ뇭1쿔쪾,훐맺뗄뒴탂닺돶죕틦벯훐퓚짙쫽뗘쟸ꆣ퓚1998쓪,컒맺랢쏷샻뗄40%살ퟔ폚짪쟫솿ퟮ뛠뗄잰5룶뗘쟸,떽2007쓪,짪쟫ퟮ뛠뗄5룶뗘쟸쯹햼럝뛮틑듯떽54%ꆣ춬웚,짪쟫솿ퟮ뛠뗄10룶뗘쟸햼좫맺ퟜ솿뗄뇈샽듓63%짏짽떽73%ꆣ좻뛸,듓뒴탂춶죫뗄횸뇪살뾴,훐맺뗄뒴탂춶죫늢쎻폐돶쿖뗘쟸벯뻛볓뻧뗄쟷쫆ꆣ1998쓪뫍2007쓪ICR(n)ꇤ횸뇪믹놾컈뚨퓚53%(퇐랢춶죫ퟮ뛠뗄잰5룶뗘쟸)뫍75%(퇐랢춶죫ퟮ뛠뗄10룶뗘쟸)뗄쮮욽ꆣ뇭1ꆡ1998쓪뫍2007쓪훐맺뒴탂벯훐뛈쓪럝ICR(n)ICR(n)ꇤICR(5)ICR(10)ICR(5)ꇤICR(10)ꇤ%%%%%%%%평틔짏솽룶볲틗횸뇪랴펳돶뗄컊쳢쫇뒴탂퇐뺿횵뗃짮죫첽쳖뗄컊쳢ꆣ뒴탂춶죫뗄퓶볓뗄좷듸살쇋뒴탂닺돶(랢쏷샻쫽)뗄퓶뎤,떫캪쪲쎴룷뗘쟸뒴탂춶죫뗄춬뇈퓶뎤늢쎻폐듸살뒴탂닺돶뗄춬뇈퓶뎤쓘?캪쪲쎴컒맺뒴탂쓜솦뗄뗘쟸닮틬돊쿖돶삩듳뗄쟷쫆쓘?쿂컄붫쫔춼뷢쫍헢킩쿖쿳놳뫳뗄돉틲ꆣ죽ꆢ쟸폲뒴탂킧싊쒣탍쿖폐컄쿗듳뛠퓋폃횪쪶짺닺몯쫽붫쒳튻뗘쟸뗄뒴탂춶죫폫ퟮ훕샻쫽솪쾵웰살,틔듋뫢솿늻춬뗘쟸뗄뒴탂킧싊ꆣ룃랽램볲뷠ꆢ폐킧,떫뒴탂횻폐ퟮ훕뮯캪짺닺싊,닅쓜듓헦헽틢틥짏돉캪듙뷸쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄샻죐ꆣ믹폚헢훖뾼싇,놾컄샻폃삩햹뗄뿂늼ꆪ뗀룱삭쮹짺닺몯쫽,붫뒴탂춶죫폫ퟮ훕쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤솪쾵웰살,틔뒴탂춶죫뗄닺돶떯탔ퟷ캪쟸폲뒴탂킧싊뗄움볛횸뇪ꆣ1.뒴탂킧싊쒣탍퓚뒫춳뗄뿂늼ꆪ뗀룱삭쮹짺닺몯쫽믹뒡짏볓죫뒴탂춶죫,삩햹뫳뗄C2D짺닺몯쫽캪:Q=AKꛁLꛂRꛃꛅe(1)쪽훐R캪뒴탂춶죫,ꛃ캪뒴탂닺돶떯탔,퓚컄훐벴캪쟸폲뒴탂킧싊뗄듺뇭ꆣQꆢKꆢL럖뇰캪ퟜ닺돶ꆢ컯훊놾춶죫뫍샍뚯춶죫,ꛁꆢꛂ럖뇰캪놾뗄닺돶떯탔뫍샍뚯솦뗄닺돶떯탔ꆣA캪뎣쫽ꆣꛅ캪쯦믺컳닮쿮ꆣ듓쪽(1)솽뇟좡뛔쫽,퓲뿉뗃:q=a+ꛁk+ꛂl+ꛃr+ꛅ(2)쪽훐qꆢkꆢlꆢr럖뇰캪QꆢKꆢLꆢR뗄뛔쫽탎쪽ꆣ쪽(2)벴캪놾컄뗄믹놾볆솿쒣탍ꆣ2.쫽뻝톡퓱뫍뒦샭놾컄틔2001ꆪ2007쓪볤훐맺돽횱쾽쫐뫍룛냄첨뗘쟸횮췢뗄27룶쪡ꆢퟔ훎쟸(틔쿂캪랽뇣웰볻좫늿볲돆캪쪡)뗄놾듦솿ꆢ샍뚯솦뫍뒴탂캪춶죫튪쯘,틔룷쪡뗄GDPퟷ캪닺돶튪쯘살뷸탐럖컶ꆣ
120헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦)뗚40뻭탨튪횸돶뗄쫇,뾼싇떽횱쾽쫐뫍룛냄첨뗘쟸퓚헾닟뮷뺳짏폫웤쯻쪡폐뷏듳닮틬,웤뒴탂쒣쪽튲뿉쓜폐뇰폚튻냣쪡럝,탨떥뛀뾼달,틲듋,놾컄뗄럖컶퇹놾늻냼삨헢늿럖ꆣ(1)GDP닺돶ꆣ룷쪡떱쓪뗄GDP뫍쿠펦뗄GDP욽복횸쫽뻹살ퟔ폚2002ꆪ2008쓪ꆶ훐맺춳볆쓪본ꆷꋙ,늢틔2000쓪캪늻뇤볛룱뷸탐뮻쯣ꆣ(2)놾듦솿ꆣ내헕퇐뺿놾듦솿컄쿗뗄튻냣랽램,놾컄닉폃ꆰ폀탸엌듦램ꆱ살맀볆쎿쓪뗄쪵볊놾듦솿,볆쯣랽램캪:Kt,i=It,i+(1-ꛄi)Kt-1,i,웤훐Kt,i쫇뗘쟸i뗚t쓪뗄놾듦솿,It,i쫇뗘쟸i퓚뗚t쓪뗄춶,늢폃춳볆쓪본훐뗄ꆰ만뚨닺탎돉ퟜ뛮ꆱ살듺뇭,ꛄi쫇뗘쟸i뗄만뚨닺헛뻉싊,컄훐닉폃헅뻼뗈죋뛔웤뗄맀쯣ꆣ2000쓪뗄놾듦솿,춬퇹닎뾼쇋헅뻼뗈죋뗄볆쯣(틔2000쓪떱쓪볛룱볆쯣[17]),늢퓚듋믹뒡짏볆쯣쇋2001ꆪ2007쓪뗄쫽뛮ꆣ(3)샍뚯솦ꆣ훷튪쫽뻝살풴폚2002ꆪ2008쓪ꆶ훐맺춳볆쓪본ꆷꆣ평폚룷쪡뗄죋뻹뷌폽쮮욽뗈쫽뻝늻뿉뗃,틲듋퓚쒣탍훐쎻폐냼삨룷쪡샍뚯솦훊솿짏뗄닮틬ꆣ(4)뒴탂ꆣ폫놾뗄춶죫튻퇹,뒴탂춶죫튲탨튪뫋쯣뒴탂뗄듦솿살닢쯣웤닺돶떯탔ꆣ떫평폚볆쯣뒴탂듦솿뫜삧쓑,퓚컄쿗훐춨뎣폃뒴탂쇷솿듺쳦뒴탂듦솿[16]ꆣ쳘뇰쫇퓚튻뚨뗄볙짨쳵볾쿂,뿉틔췆떼돶뒴탂R&D횧돶뗄뛔쫽횵풼뗈폚R&D듦솿[18]ꆣ쇭췢,뒴탂춶죫뮹듦퓚ퟅ폫놾ꆢ샍뚯솦춶죫뗄쮫훘볆쯣컊쳢[19],벴놾춶죫뫍샍뚯솦춶죫훐틑뺭냼몬쇋뒴탂뗄놾춶죫뫍뒴탂뗄샍뚯솦춶죫ꆣ틲듋,컄훐뒴탂춶죫뗄쫽뻝캪2002ꆪ2008쓪ꆶ훐맺뿆벼춳볆쓪본ꆷꋚ훐뿆퇐뺭럑횧돶뿛돽샍컱럑뫳뗄쫽뛮ꆣ(5)뗘쟸뮮럖ꆣ내헕튻냣뗄쟸폲뮮럖,컄훐뚫늿뗘쟸냼삨:뫓놱ꆢ쇉쓾ꆢ붭쯕ꆢ헣붭ꆢ뢣붨ꆢ즽뚫ꆢ맣뚫ꆢ몣쓏;훐늿뗘쟸냼삨:즽컷ꆢ벪쇖ꆢ뫚쇺붭ꆢ낲믕ꆢ붭컷ꆢ뫓쓏ꆢ뫾놱ꆢ뫾쓏;컷늿뗘쟸냼삨:쓚쏉맅ꆢ맣컷ꆢ쯄뒨ꆢ맳훝ꆢ퓆쓏ꆢ짂컷ꆢ룊쯠ꆢ쟠몣ꆢ쓾쿄ꆢ탂붮ꆢ컷님ꆣ3.쒣탍볆솿뷡맻춨맽뷘쏦쫽뻝믘맩뗃떽좫맺틔벰뚫ꆢ훐ꆢ컷늿2001ꆪ2007쓪뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔,볻뇭2:뇭2ꆡ쟸폲뒴탂킧싊쒣탍볆솿뷡맻(2001ꆪ2007쓪)뗘쟸2001쓪2002쓪2003쓪2004쓪2005쓪2006쓪2007쓪좫맺()()()()()()()뚫늿()()()()()()()훐늿()()()()()()()컷늿()()()()()()()힢3:ꆢ33뫍333럖뇰뇭쪾쿔훸쮮욽캪10%ꆢ5%뫍1%(쮫닠)ꆣ퓚쯄ퟩ믘맩뷡맻훐,횻폐뚫늿뗘쟸뒴탂닺돶떯탔뗄t볬퇩듓2001쓪훁2007쓪뚼쓜춨맽,벴뇭쏷뚫늿뗘쟸뗄뒴탂춶죫뛔ퟜ닺돶뗄퓶뎤뻟폐쿔훸뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ쾸뾴쫽횵,뚫늿뗘쟸뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔퓚2001ꆪ2003쓪폐튻뚨뗄믘실,듓2004쓪뾪쪼훰늽짏짽,2007쓪퓲짏짽뷏뿬ꆣ뛸웤폠죽ퟩ뷡맻벸뫵쎻폐춨맽t볬퇩,벴뇭쏷훐늿ꆢ컷늿,믲듓좫맺랶캧뛸퇔,뒴탂짐캴돉캪듙뷸뺭볃퓶뎤뗄훷튪틲쯘ꆣ뛸쟒듓쫽횵짏뾴,훐늿뗘쟸뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔쿠떱뗍,2001ꆪ2007쓪쎻폐튻쓪뎬맽10%,벴뒴탂춶죫ꋙ닎볻맺볒춳볆뻖뇠뗄2002ꆪ2008쓪ꆶ훐맺춳볆쓪본ꆷ,(놱뺩)훐맺춳볆돶냦짧2002ꆪ2008쓪냦,쿂춬ꆣꋚ닎볻맺볒춳볆뻖뫍뿆톧벼쫵늿뇠뗄2002ꆪ2008쓪ꆶ훐맺뿆벼춳볆쓪본ꆷ,(놱뺩)훐맺춳볆돶냦짧2002ꆪ2008쓪냦,쿂춬ꆣ
뗚5웚뷰쿩죙ꆡ폠뚬:뒴탂킧싊ꆢ닺튵쳘헷폫쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤121퓶볓1룶떥캻,닺돶뗄퓶볓늻떽룶떥캻ꆣ컷늿뗘쟸뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔퓚웟쓪볤뻹캪뢺횵,벴뇭쏷뒴탂춶죫뗄퓶볓좴듸살쇋닺돶뗄쿂붵ꆣ헢폫룃뗘쟸좱랦뒴탂춶죫뮯캪쪵볊뺭볃랢햹뗄뒫떼믺훆쏜쟐쿠맘ꆣ듳솿뗄뒴탂춶죫ퟔ좻믡복짙퓚웤쯻늿쏅뗄컯훊놾춶죫뫍죋풱춶죫ꆣ듓풴엤훃뗄뷇뛈뾴,뛔폚헢퇹뗄뗘쟸,뒴탂춶죫뗄퓶볓췪좫뿉쓜틽웰닺돶싊뗄붵뗍ꆣ듓좫맺랶캧살뾴,뒴탂킧싊뫜뗍,뒴탂춶죫뮹쎻폐돉캪듙뷸뺭볃퓶뎤뗄ퟮ훷튪뚯솦ꆣ쯄ꆢ쟸폲닺튵쳘헷뛔뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬뒴탂쫇럱쓜돉캪췆뚯뺭볃돖탸ꆢ붡뾵퓶뎤뗄뚯솦?퓚뫎훖쟸폲랢햹뮷뺳쿂,뒴탂쓜폐킧뮯캪뺭볃퓶뎤뗄훘튪틲쯘?뇊헟죏캪,닺튵쫇뒴탂뫍쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄훐볤뒫떼뮷뷚,룷뗘쟸틑폐뗄닺튵샠탍뫍닺튵랢햹믹뒡쫇펰쿬룃쟸폲뒴탂닺돶킧싊뗄맘볼틲쯘횮튻ꆣ캪듋,놾컄틔쒳쟸폲뗄닺튵뷡릹ꆢ닺좨뷡릹ꆢ탐튵벯훐뛈ꆢ뛔췢뾪럅뛈뫍웳튵맦쒣뗈랽쏦ퟷ캪뫢솿쟸폲닺튵쳘헷뗄횸뇪,뷸뛸럖컶룷룶횸뇪죧뫎펰쿬,쟒퓚뛠듳돌뛈짏펰쿬뒴탂뗄닺돶떯탔ꆣ(튻)쒣탍뫍뇤솿쮵쏷1.틲뇤솿짏컄훐뗃떽뗄뒴탂킧싊(벴짏튻쒣탍훐뗃떽뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔)ퟔ좻돉캪틔쿂쒣탍뗄틲뇤솿ꆣ뾼싇떽퓚뒴탂킧싊쒣탍훐횻폐뚫늿뗘쟸뗄뷡맻쫇춨맽쿔훸탔볬퇩뗄,틲듋,퓚뾼달뒴탂킧싊펰쿬틲쯘뗄쒣탍훐,횻붫뚫늿뗘쟸ퟷ캪럖컶뛔쿳ꆣ2.뷢쫍뇤솿(1)쟸폲닺튵뷡릹ꆣ평폚늻춬닺튵뗄횪쪶믹뒡ꆢ춶튪쟳틔벰뒴탂맽돌듦퓚ퟅ닮틬,틲뛸쟸폲닺튵뷡릹돉캪펰쿬쟸폲뒴탂킧싊뗄훘튪틲쯘ꆣ퓚룷룶닺튵벼쫵쮮욽볙짨쳵볾늻뇤뗄쟩뿶쿂,춶죫쿠춬뗄뒴탂풴,뛔폚뻟폐뷏룟뒴탂쓜솦뫍(믲)뒴탂뒫떼쓜솦뗄닺튵늿쏅뛸퇔,웤뒴탂닺돶싊붫듳럹쳡룟ꆣ듓쿖폐뛔탐튵뒴탂킧싊뾼달뗄컄쿗뾴,듳늿럖톧헟뗄뷡싛쫇룟벼쫵닺튵쿠뇈웤쯻닺튵뛸퇔,뻟폐룼룟뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔[16]ꆣ튲폐톧헟붫릤튵닺튵쾸럖캪뒴탂풴닺튵ꆢ뒴탂뒫떼닺튵ꆢ킧틦쳥쿖닺튵뫍욿뺱닺튵,죏캪킧틦쳥쿖닺튵뛔뗘쟸뺭볃뗄랢햹훁맘훘튪[20]ꆣ뾼싇떽놾컄뗄퇐뺿훘뗣뫍쫽뻝믱뗃뗄뿉탐탔,뇊헟틔룷쪡뗄룟벼쫵닺튵퓶볓횵햼룃쪡짺닺ퟜ횵뗄뇈훘(HThi)ퟷ캪룃뷢쫍뇤솿뗄듺뇭ꆣ(2)쟸폲닺좨뷡릹ꆣ늻춬탔훊뗄닺좨뷡릹뛔뒴탂닺돶떯탔폐늻춬뗄펰쿬ꆣ웤훐맺폐닺좨뫍췢짌놾퓚뒴탂쓜솦뫍뒴탂뚯솦짏뷏웤쯻닺좨탎쪽뗄웳튵폐룼잿뗄닮틬탔뫍듺뇭탔ꆣ맺폐닺좨훷튪벯훐퓚맺폐웳튵훐ꆣ맺폐웳튵튻냣뻟폐뷏잿뗄맦쒣킧펦,뷰뫍죋풱쪵솦잿듳,틗뷸탐듳탍뗄뿆퇐뾪랢뫍듓쫂탐튵릲탔ꆢ맘볼벼쫵뗄릥맘,튲뷏틗믱뗃헾뢮뗄헾닟횧돖,틲듋,맺폐웳튵샭펦뻟폐뷏잿뗄뒴탂쓜솦ꆣ떫폫듋춬쪱,맺폐웳튵만폐뗄쯹폐헟좱캻,쯹폐좨폫뺭펪좨늻쟥,벤샸ꆢ볠뚽믺훆좱쪧,튲퓬돉웤뒴탂뚯솦뗄좱랦ꆣ퓚놾컄훐,뻍맛달웚쓚맺폐웳튵뗄뒴탂킧싊뇭쿖돶뫎훖킧펦,뇊헟짨훃쇋맺폐웳튵뇈훘뗄횸뇪(SOEi),뷨듋뾼달쟸폲닺좨뷡릹뛔컒맺뚫늿뗘쟸쿖뷗뛎뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬ꆣ웤훐,맺폐웳튵뇈훘(SOEi)캪맺폐웳튵퓶볓횵햼룃쪡짺닺ퟜ횵뗄뇈훘ꆣ쇭췢,췢짌놾평폚웤펵폐뗄벼쫵폅쫆ꆢ맜샭폅쫆뫍탅쾢폅쫆,퓚뒴탂쓜솦뫍뒴탂뚯솦짏뚼폐쳘뇰뗄뇭쿖ꆣ놾컄쏅짨훃쇋ꆰ죽ꆱ웳튵뇈훘횸뇪(FORi)살뾼솿췢짌놾뗄뇈훘뛔쟸폲뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬돌뛈ꆣ웤훐ꆰ,죽ꆱ웳튵뇈훘(FORi)캪ꆰ죽ꆱ웳튵쪵쿖퓶볓횵햼맛달쪡럝짺닺ퟜ횵뗄뇈훘ꆣ(3)쟸폲탐튵벯훐뛈ꆣ탂뺭볃뗘샭톧잿뗷벯뻛킧펦뛔뗘쟸탔뒴탂뗄삩즢ퟷ폃뫍췢틧탔,뛸벯
122헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦)뗚40뻭뻛킧펦뛔쟸폲뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬믺훆쫇뢴퓓뗄ꆣ쿖폐컄쿗붫벯뻛킧펦럖캪십킪뛻-낢싞-싞쒬(MAR)킧펦뫍퇅룷늼(Jacobs)킧펦[5],솽훖킧펦퓚뷢쫍쟸폲벯뻛뛔뒴탂뗄듙뷸ퟷ폃쪱,뷡싛뷘좻늻춬ꆣ죧맻튻룶닺튵퓚쳘뚨쟸캻벯훐(죧늻뛏퓶잿뗄쟸폲튵뮯),쓇쎴MAR췢늿탔붫뛔춬튻닺튵쓚웳튵볤뗄벼쫵틧돶뫍뻖폲뗄뒴탂킧싊폐샻ꆣ쿠랴,Jacobs췢늿탔횸뮥늹탔닺튵볤뫍뺭볃믺릹뗄웳튵볤뮥늹탔횪쪶뗄틧돶ꆣ평듋,떱뗘랽뺭볃믮뚯뗄뛠퇹탔풽룟(벴벯훐뛈풽뗍),퓲뒴탂붫풽믮풾ꆣ퓚훐맺,룷뗘쟸퓚튵뮯뫍뛠퇹뮯짏듦퓚뫜듳뗄닮틬ꆣ뺿뺹쫇쓄훖킧펦펰쿬쇋쿖뷗뛎컒맺룷쟸폲뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔?놾컄짨훃쇋뗘쟸쿠뛔튵뮯횸쫽살뫢솿ꆣ컄훐뗘쟸쿠뛔튵뮯횸쫽닉폃Krugman튵뮯횸쫽,벴Ki=ꇆ|sij-sj|,쪽훐Ki뇭쪾뗘쟸i뗄쿠뛔튵뮯횸쫽,sij뇭쪾탐튵j퓚뗘쟸i뗄듓튵죋쫽믲닺돶햼뗘쟸좫늿탐튵뗄듓튵ퟜ죋쫽믲ퟜ닺돶뗄뇈훘,sj쫇닺튵j퓚좫맺쯹햼럝뛮ꆣ뛠퇹뮯횸쫽퓚튻킩컄쿗훐벴뇭쪾캪1/K[21]i,캪뇜쏢쒣탍훐돶쿖릲쿟탔컊쳢,놾컄늻퓙쏅짨훃뛠퇹뮯횸쫽ꆣ탨튪쮵쏷뗄쫇,컄훐볆쯣뗘쟸쿠뛔튵뮯횸쫽쪱닉폃쇋샮뷰뫍쯎뗂폂뛔탐튵뗄럖샠[21],룷쿮쫽뻝풴폚2002ꆪ2008쓪뗄ꆶ훐맺춳볆쓪본ꆷꆣ(4)쟸폲뛔췢뾪럅뛈ꆣ뺭볃랢듯맺볒뗄쿈뷸벼쫵쫇랢햹훐맺볒뿉틔샻폃뗄튻훖훘튪벼쫵살풴ꆣ믱좡뫍샻폃헢킩벼쫵횪쪶뗄춾뺶냼삨췢짌횱뷓춶ꆢ벼쫵틽뷸뫍맺볊쎳틗뗈ꆣ듓헢룶틢틥뛸퇔,튻룶뗘쟸뗄뛔췢뾪럅돌뛈횱뷓펰쿬웤뒴탂뗄맣뛈ꆢ짮뛈뫍킧맻ꆣ뾪럅돌뛈룟뗄뗘쟸쓜룼뛠뗘뷓뒥맺췢뗄쿈뷸벼쫵뫍맜샭랽쪽ꆣ춬쪱,퓚폫맺췢쫐뎡뗄쎳틗훐,캪싺ퟣ뫍쫊펦맺췢쫐뎡뛔닺욷훊솿뫍뮷놣뗈룷랽쏦뗄뿁뿌튪쟳,쟸폲뗄뒴탂믮뚯폐룼잿뗄췢늿듌벤뫍뚯솦ꆣ떫튲뇘탫뾴떽,쒿잰컒맺웳튵뗄돶뿚닺욷듳늿럖쫇뗍벼쫵몬솿ꆢ뗍뢽볓볛횵뗄샍뚯쏜벯탍닺욷ꆣ퓚헢훖쟩뿶쿂,풽쫇엓듳뗄맺볊쫐뎡,웳튵풽쫇좱랦벼쫵룼탂ꆢ닺욷뾪랢뗄풭뚯솦,뷸뛸쿷죵웳튵뗄뒴탂죈쟩ꆣ놾컄훷튪춨맽쒳뗘쟸뗄뷸돶뿚ퟜ뛮햼룃뗘쟸짺닺ퟜ횵뗄뇈훘(ICi)살랴펳뗘쟸뗄뛔췢뾪럅돌뛈,늢뷨듋뾼달웤뛔쟸폲뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬ꆣ(5)쟸폲웳튵맦쒣ꆣ듳맦쒣웳튵평폚뻟폐맦쒣뺭볃킧펦,만좻뻟폐뷏잿뗄뒴탂쓜솦ꆣ떫춬쪱,평폚듳맦쒣웳튵췹췹뻟폐뷏잿뗄슢뛏쫆솦,퓚쫐뎡뚨볛ꆢ탐튵뇪ힼ훆뚨ꆢ닺욷룼탂랽쏦폐튻뚨뗄뻶뚨믲펰쿬솦솿,틲뛸폐뿉쓜돶쿖뒴탂뚯솦좱랦뗄컊쳢ꆣ뛸뛔킡웳튵살쮵,튻랽쏦좱랦뒴탂쓜솦,춨뎣믡톡퓱뗍돉놾뗄쒣럂;쇭튻랽쏦폖폐룄뇤쫐뎡솦솿뻹뫢뗄쓚퓚뚯솦,뻟폐ힷ쟳뒴탂뗄잿쇒틢풸ꆣ평듋,퓚쒣탍훐,붫듳훐웳튵뇈훘(SCALi)ퟷ캪뫢솿쟸폲웳튵맦쒣뗄횸뇪,룃횸뇪캪쒳쟸폲듳훐웳튵퓶볓횵햼룃쟸폲짺닺ퟜ횵뗄뇈훘ꆣퟛ짏럖컶,놾컄릹붨죧쿂믹놾볆솿쒣탍:ꛃ=ꛂ0+ꛂ1HThi+ꛂ2SOEi+ꛂ3Ki+ꛂ4ICi+ꛂ5SCALi+ꛅi(3)ꛃ=ꛂ0+ꛂ1HThi+ꛂ2FORi+ꛂ3Ki+ꛂ4ICi+ꛂ5SCALi+ꛅi(4)웤훐ꛅ,캪쯦믺컳닮쿮ꆣ(뛾)쪵횤뷡맻틔짏룷뇤솿볆쯣쯹탨풭쪼쫽뻝뻹살풴폚2002ꆪ2008쓪뗄ꆶ훐맺춳볆쓪본ꆷꆶꆢ훐맺뿆벼춳볆쓪본ꆷ뫍ꆶ훐맺훐킡웳튵쓪본ꆷ뗈ꆣ퓚볆솿럖컶훐캪뇜쏢뇤솿횮볤뗄릲쿟탔컊쳢,붫쟸폲닺좨뷡릹뇤솿훐뗄솽룶횸뇪(맺폐웳튵뇈훘SOEi뫍ꆰ죽ꆱ웳튵뇈훘FORi)럖뇰훰늽믘맩ꆣ쇭췢,캪쇋복짙쒣탍훐뿉쓜듦퓚뗄틬랽닮컊쳢,닉폃쇋White볬퇩,늢폃틬랽닮튻훂킭랽닮뻘헳뛔쒣탍뷸탐쇋탞헽ꆣ놾컄톡퓱뚫늿뗘쟸뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔ퟷ캪틲뇤솿,뗃떽죧뇭3훐뗄쒣탍(3)뫍쒣탍(4)볆솿뷡맻ꆣ
뗚5웚뷰쿩죙ꆡ폠뚬:뒴탂킧싊ꆢ닺튵쳘헷폫쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤123뇭3ꆡ닺튵쳘헷뛔뒴탂킧싊펰쿬쒣탍뗄볆솿뷡맻(뚫늿뗘쟸)SOEiFORiHThiKiICiSCALi뎣쫽쿮쒣탍(3)()()()()()()쒣탍(4)()()()()()()힢3:ꆢ33뫍333럖뇰뇭쪾쿔훸쮮욽캪10%ꆢ5%뫍1%(쮫닠)ꆣ듓쒣탍뷡맻뾴,룟벼쫵웳튵뛔뚫늿뗘쟸뒴탂킧싊뗄듙뷸ퟷ폃쫇쿔훸뗄ꆣ헢뇭쏷룟벼쫵웳튵퓚뚫늿룷쪡틑훰붥돉뎤ힳ듳,퓚웤랢믓ퟔ훷뒴탂쓜솦뫍벼쫵컼쓉쓜솦뗄춬쪱,튲풽살풽뛠뗘돉캪떱뗘뺭볃퓶뎤뗄킧틦쳥쿖닺튵ꆣ닺좨뷡릹뇤솿뗄솽룶횸뇪뇭쿖돶늻춬뗄펰쿬킧맻ꆣ맺폐웳튵뇈훘횸뇪(SOEi)뛔뚫늿뗘쟸뒴탂킧싊뗄듙뷸ퟷ폃늻릻쿔훸,쟒퓚쫽횵짏뛔뒴탂킧싊뗄릱쿗튲뷏뗍ꆣ튪쮵쏷헢룶컊쳢,쫗쿈펦붫룃볆솿뷡맻폫좫맺뗄쒣탍ퟷ튻뇈뷏ꆣ평폚놾컄쒣탍짨볆뗄풭틲,캴쓜쪵쿖뗘쟸볤뗄뇈뷏,헢쫇튻룶틅몶,탨쇭췢컄첽쳖ꆣ퓚듋,쿈뷨본쯻죋컄쿗쮵쏷컊쳢ꆣ컢퇓뇸퓚첽쳖퇐랢폫좫늿훆퓬튵짺닺싊맘쾵뗄펰쿬틲쯘훐,랢쿖맺폐놾뛔좫튪쯘짺닺싊(TFP)뗄쳡룟듦퓚뷏쿔훸뗄뢺쿲ퟷ폃[16]ꆣ헢쮵쏷쿠뇈웤쯻뗘쟸,뚫늿맺폐웳튵뛔뗘쟸뒴탂킧싊뗄릱쿗틑뺭듓뢺쏦ퟷ폃뇤돉캢죵뗄헽쏦ퟷ폃,헢폫뚫늿맺폐웳튵뇈훘뷏킡틔벰뚫늿쫐뎡뮯돌뛈뷏룟폐뫜듳맘쾵ꆣ듓쫕벯헻샭뗄풭쪼쫽뻝뾴,좫맺2001ꆪ2007쓪맺폐웳튵뇈훘뗄욽뻹횵퓚43%떽44%횮볤ꆣ뛸춬웚뚫늿뗘쟸뇈훘퓚22%떽26%횮볤,듳풼횻폐좫맺뗄50%ꆣ쇭튻횸뇪ꆰ죽ꆱ웳튵뇈훘(FORi)퓚쒣탍뷡맻훐쿔쪾돶뷏쿔훸뗄헽쏦ퟷ폃,뇭쏷뚫늿뗘쟸틽뷸췢뛔떱뗘뗄벼쫵췢틧틑폐튻뚨뗄헽쿲ퟷ폃,늢뛔떱뗘뺭볃퓶뎤튲ퟷ돶쇋뷏듳릱쿗ꆣ쟸폲뗄벯훐뛈횸뇪Ki(뗘쟸쿠뛔튵뮯횸쫽)뛔뚫늿뗘쟸뒴탂킧싊뗄쳡룟돊쿖돶쿔훸뗄뢺쏦ퟷ폃,뇭쏷쿖뷗뛎뚫늿뗘쟸뗄쟸폲벯뻛킧펦룼뛠뗘뇭쿖캪퇅룷늼킧펦ꆣ닺튵볤뗄벼쫵틧돶뫍뒫뗝쿠뇈닺튵쓚뗄벼쫵틧돶룼쓜췆뚯쟸폲뒴탂킧싊뗄쳡룟,벴쟸폲뗄뛠퇹뮯돌뛈풽룟(튵뮯횸쫽풽뗍),뒴탂풽믮풾ꆣ쟸폲뛔췢뾪럅뛈뇤솿ICi랴펳돶뷏킡뗄헽쏦킧펦뫍뢺쏦킧펦,헢튻뷡맻폫놾컄톡퓱뗄횸뇪(뷸돶뿚뇈훘)폐튻뚨뗄맘쾵ꆣ튻랽쏦,듓뫢솿쟸폲뛔췢뾪럅뛈뗄뷇뛈뾴,헢튻횸뇪뮹늻릻좫쏦;쇭튻랽쏦,듓뷸돶뿚뇈훘횸뇪놾짭뾴,돶쿖뷏킡뗄헽쏦킧펦,짵훁돶쿖뢺쏦킧펦,뇭쏷뚫늿뗘쟸쯤좻뷸돶뿚뇈훘뷏룟,2001ꆪ2007쓪욽뻹듓%짏짽떽%,쫇춬웚좫맺%ꆪ%뗄솽놶틔짏,떫죧듋룟뗄뷸돶뿚뛮늢쎻폐듸살뚫늿뗘쟸닺튵뗄벼쫵룄뷸뫍짽벶ꆣ듳솿뗄웳튵퓚닎폫맺볊쫐뎡쪱,놻ꆰ쯸뚨ꆱ퓚뗍돉놾뗄짺닺쒣쪽뫍벼쫵슷뺶짏,듓뛸틖훆쇋웳튵뒴탂뗄뚯솦ꆣ쟸폲웳튵맦쒣뇤솿SCALi퓚쒣탍뷡맻훐뇭쿖돶늻쿔훸뗄헽쿲ퟷ폃,쟒뛔뒴탂킧싊뗄릱쿗뛈튲뷏뗍ꆣ헢뿉쓜폐틔쿂벸랽쏦풭틲:쫗쿈,뿉쓜폫톡좡뗄맦쒣횸뇪폐맘ꆣ퓚퇐뺿랽램짏,뿉폃살뛈솿웳튵맦쒣뗄횸뇪냼삨쿺쫛쫕죫ꆢퟜ닺뫍풱릤죋쫽죽훖횸뇪,헢죽훖횸뇪룷폐샻뇗[22]ꆣ룹뻝헅뷜뗈죋뗄에뛏[10],쿺쫛쫕죫ퟷ캪맦쒣닢솿뗄횸뇪,ퟮ쓜쳥쿖웳튵맦쒣틲쯘뛔웤뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬ꆣ웤듎,좷쪵쮵쏷컒맺뚫늿뗘쟸웳튵뗄맦쒣듳킡늢쎻폐뛔쟸폲뗄뒴탂킧싊쳡룟닺짺쿔훸뗄펰쿬ꆣ헢뿉쓜쫇평짏컄훐맘폚웳튵맦쒣뛔뒴탂킧싊뗄뛠훘펰쿬뗾볓뫳퓬돉뗄ꆣ틲듋,죴튪뷸튻늽쳖싛웳튵맦쒣뛔뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬,탨듓솽랽쏦죫쫖:튻랽쏦,쾸럖웳튵맦쒣횸뇪;쇭튻랽쏦,쯵킡맛달랶캧,듓튻룶돇쫐ꆢ튻룶쟸,짵훁튻룶웳튵뗄뷇뛈살붨솢쒣탍ꆣ
124헣붭듳톧톧놨(죋컄짧믡뿆톧냦)뗚40뻭컥ꆢ훷튪뷡싛폫컊쳢틔짏듓에뛏컒맺쟸폲뒴탂뗄닮틬죫쫖,춨맽뒴탂닺돶싊뫍뒴탂벯훐뛈솽룶횸뇪뛔컒맺쟸폲뒴탂뗄쿖ힴ뷸탐쇋ퟜ쳥뫢솿,뗃돶틔쿂뷡싛:퓚컒맺룷뗘쟸뒴탂닺돶싊쿔훸쳡룟뗄춬쪱,뒴탂닺돶풽살풽벯훐떽짙쫽뗘쟸,벴룷뗘쟸뒴탂닺돶뗄쯙뛈듦퓚쏷쿔닮틬ꆣ평듋,놾컄짮죫퇐뺿쇋컒맺룷뗘쟸뗄뒴탂킧싊닮틬ꆣ쫗쿈,컄훐쪹폃2001ꆪ2007쓪컒맺27룶쪡럝뗄쫽뻝,닉폃뿂늼-뗀룱삭쮹짺닺몯쫽,붫뒴탂ퟷ캪짺닺몯쫽뗄튻룶훘튪춶죫튪쯘,춨맽뷘쏦쫽뻝믘맩럖컶,맀볆쇋좫맺뫍뚫ꆢ훐ꆢ컷늿2001ꆪ2007쓪뗄뒴탂닺돶떯탔,늢틔듋ퟷ캪뒴탂킧싊뗄뫢솿횸뇪ꆣ듓볆솿뷡맻뾴,돽뚫늿뗘쟸췢,훐늿ꆢ컷늿틔벰좫맺랶캧뗄뒴탂짐캴돉캪듙뷸뺭볃퓶뎤뗄훷튪틲쯘ꆣ훐늿뗘쟸뒴탂닺돶퓶뎤쯙뛈풶뗍폚뒴탂춶죫퓶뎤뗄쯙뛈;컷늿뗘쟸뒴탂춶죫풽뛠,뒴탂닺돶랴뛸풽짙ꆣ캪첽뺿웤훐풭캯,놾컄뷸튻늽듓쟸폲닺튵쳘헷뗄닮틬죫쫖,릹붨쇋쟸폲닺튵쳘헷뛔뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬쒣탍,뻟쳥럖컶쇋뚫늿뗘쟸뒴탂킧싊뗄펰쿬틲쯘,뗃돶죧쿂럖컶뷡싛:뛔폚뚫늿뗘쟸뛸퇔,뒴탂춶죫횮쯹틔돉캪쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤뗄훷튪틲쯘,훷튪쫜틦폚룃뗘쟸룟탂벼쫵웳튵뛔뒴탂춶죫뮯뗄쿔훸릱쿗ꆢ듳솿췢짌횱뷓춶뗄벼쫵췢틧틔벰룃뗘쟸뛠퇹뮯뗄닺튵샠탍듸살뗄벼쫵틧돶뫍뒫뗝,떫폫듋춬쪱,룃뗘쟸랢듯뗄뛔췢쎳틗뫍웳튵맦쒣뗄듳킡늢쎻폐뛔뒴탂킧싊뗄쳡룟닺짺쿔훸ퟷ폃ꆣ탨튪횸돶뗄쫇,놾컄뗄퇐뺿죔좻듦퓚폐듽룄뷸믲탨튪뷸튻늽퇐뺿뗄컊쳢ꆣ쫗쿈,퓚에뛏쟸폲뒴탂킧싊쪱,톡퓱붫뒴탂폫뺭볃퓶뎤솪쾵웰살폐웤쿔훸뗄틢틥뫍볛횵,떫튲듦퓚튻뚨뗄컊쳢,ퟮ맘볼뗄뻍쫇쒣탍뗄톡퓱ꆣ컄훐뗄쒣탍뷏캪횱맛ꆢ틗뚮,떫볆솿쪱컞램뗃떽룷쪡룷쓪뛈뗄뒴탂킧싊횸뇪,헢뛔쾸뮯뇈뷏룷쟸폲횮볤뗄펰쿬틲쯘폐튻뚨훆풼ꆣ웤듎,퓚뻟쳥럖컶펰쿬쟸폲뒴탂킧싊뗄닺튵쳘헷틲쯘쪱,폐룶뇰횸뇪뮹뿉틔쾸뮯ꆣퟮ뫳,퓚쫽뻝랽쏦,뮹탨볓뎤쪱볤탲쇐쫽뻝뗄쫕벯뫍헻샭ꆣ헢킩컊쳢뿉쓜뛔놾컄뗄뷡싛닺짺튻뚨뗄쿞훆,튲쫇뇊헟쿂튻뷗뛎탨튪뷢뻶뗄훘뗣ꆣ[닎ꆡ뾼ꆡ컄ꆡ쿗][1],ꇥRegionalInnovationSystems,Clusters,andtheKnowledgeEconomy,ꇥIndustrialandCorporateChange,,(2001),.[2],ꇥIssuesinAssessingtheContributionofResearchandDevelopmenttoProductivityGrowth,ꇥBellJournalofEconomics,,(1979),.[3],&,ꇥR&DSpilloversandRecipientFirmSize,ꇥReviewofEconomicsandStatistics,,(1994),.[4],ꇥInterregionalDifferencesinR&DActivitiesꆪAnEmpiricalInvestigation,ꇥEuropeanPlanningStudies,,(2000),.[5]컢폱쏹:ꆶ훐맺쟸폲퇐랢ꆢ횪쪶틧돶폫뒴탂뗄뿕볤볆솿뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ,놱뺩:죋쏱돶냦짧,2007쓪ꆣ[WuYuming,ASpatialEconometricalStudyofResearchandDevelopment,KnowledgeSpilloversandInnovationsinChina,Beijing:PeoplepisPublishingHouse,2007.][6]샮쾰놣:ꆶ훐맺쟸폲뒴탂쓜솦뇤잨뗄쪵횤럖컶:믹폚뒴탂쾵춳뗄맛뗣ꆷꆶ,맜샭쫀뷧ꆷ2007뗚12웚,뗚18230튳ꆣ[LiXibao,ꇥACaseStudyontheChangesintheInnovationCapabilityofChinapisRegions:AConceptBasedontheInnovationSystem,ꇥManagementWorld,(2007),.][7]튦쿈맺ꆢ톦잿뻼ꆢ믆쿈몣:ꆶ킧싊퓶뷸ꆢ벼쫵뒴탂폫GDP퓶뎤ꆪꆪꆪ믹폚뎤죽뷇15돇쫐뗄쪵횤퇐뺿(짏)ꆷꆶ,훐맺릤튵뺭볃ꆷ2007쓪뗚2웚,뗚60266튳ꆣ[YaoXianguo,XueQiangjun&HuangXianhai,ꇥEfficiencyImproving,TechnologicalInnovationandGDPGrowth:AnEmpiricalResearchof15CitiesintheYangtzeDelta(ꋱ),ꇥChinaIndustrialEconomics,(2007),.]
뗚5웚뷰쿩죙ꆡ폠뚬:뒴탂킧싊ꆢ닺튵쳘헷폫쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤125[8]췵뇸ꆢ퇕열량:ꆶ벼쫵킧싊ꆢ벼쫵뷸늽폫뚫퇇뺭볃퓶뎤ꆪꆪꆪ믹폚APEC쫓뷇뗄쪵횤퇐뺿ꆷꆶ,뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ2007뗚5웚,뗚912103튳ꆣ[WangBing&YanPengfei,ꇥTechnicalEfficiency,TechnicalProgressandEast2AsianEconomicGrowth:EmpiricalAnalysisBasedonAPECpisView,ꇥEconomicResearchJournal,(2007),.][9]Êdtling&,ꇥInnovationSystemsinRegionsofEuropeanꆪAComparativePerspective,ꇥEuropeanPlanningStudies,,(1999),.[10]헅뷜ꆢ쇵횾뇫ꆢ횣붭뮴:ꆶ훐맺훆퓬튵뒴탂믮뚯뗄맘볼펰쿬틲쯘퇐뺿ꆪꆪꆪ믹폚붭쯕쪡훆퓬튵웳튵컊뻭뗄럖컶ꆷꆶ,맜샭쫀뷧ꆷ2007쓪뗚6웚,뗚64274튳ꆣ[ZhangJie,LiuZhibiao&ZhengJianghuai,ꇥAnEmpiricalStudyontheKeyDeterminantsoftheInnovationalActivitiesinEnterprisesofChinapisManufacture:BasedonaSurveyoftheManufacturingVenturesinJiangsuProvince,ꇥManagementWorld,(2007),.][11],&,etal,ꇥR&DPerformanceinChineseIndustry,ꇥEconomicsofInnovationandNewTechnology,,(2006),.[12],&,ꇥAStudyoftheR&DEfficiencyandProductivityofChineseFirms,ꇥJournalofComparativeEconomics,,(2003),.[13]&,ꇥInnovations,CompetitivenessandLocalEmbeddedness:AStudyofMachineryProducersinSweden,ꇥ:HumanGeography,,(1999),.[14]&,ꇥGeographicClusteringintheGermanOpto2electronicsIndustry:ItsImpactonR&DCollaborationandInnovation,ꇥEntrepreneurship&RegionalDevelopment,,(1998),.[15],ꇥFundamentalStocksofKnowledgeandProductivityGrowth,ꇥJournalofPoliticalEconomy,,(1990),.[16]컢퇓뇸:ꆶR&D폫짺닺싊ꆪꆪꆪ믹폚훐맺훆퓬튵뗄쪵횤퇐뺿ꆷꆶ,뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ2006쓪뗚11웚,뗚60271튳ꆣ[WuYanbing,ꇥR&DandProductivity:AnEmpiricalStudyonChineseManufacturingIndustry,ꇥEconomicResearchJournal,(2006),.][17]헅뻼ꆢ컢맰펢ꆢ헅벪열:ꆶ훐맺쪡볊컯훊놾듦솿맀쯣:1952ꆪ2000ꆷꆶ,뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ2004쓪뗚10웚,뗚35244튳ꆣ[ZhangJun,WuGuiying&ZhangJipeng,ꇥTheEstimationofChinapisProvincialCapitalStock:1952ꆪ2000,ꇥEconomicResearchJournal,(2004),.][18],&,ꇥCorporateR&DandProductivityinGermanyandtheUnitedKingdom,ꇥ
