ֻ30जྏ࿐ฐྍ2010୍ሹֻ119௹PSYCHOLOGICALEXPLORATIONֻ5௹内隐领导理论启动效应的实验研究卢会志1,2,孙时进1(1.گ֊ն࿐ྏ༢,ഈݚ200433;2.ת॓ն࿐໓م࿐ჽ,ౝ֛266510)ᅋ ေ:该研究通过实验检测了内隐领导理论与几种领导类型之间的启动效应b结果显示,绩效线索影响优秀领导者与一般领导者和较差领导者之间的特质评价,并且主要表现在对正性特质的评价方面,在一般领导者和较差领导者之间启动效应不显著b/潜伏期0测量显示了对理想领导者正性原型特质比负性原型特质启动效应更加显著bܱՍ:内隐领导理论;启动效应;绩效线索;潜伏期测量ᇏٳোݼ: ໓ངѓ്:A ໓ᅣщݼ:1003-5184(2010)05-0040-051 ႄՎಪູਵ֝ᆀބܵᆀᄝଽႅਵ֝ંᇏॖି҂൞οᅶಪᆩྏ࿐ྐ༏ࡆ۽֥ܴׄ,ଽႅਵ֝၂۱োљ֥ჰ[4]bં൞ದૌᄎႨᇿၩa࿊ᄴaщބؓݖಀࣜဒ֥߭ၫଽႅਵ֥֝ჰোљંࠗఏਔದૌ۷ն֥ྖ෮ྙӮ֥ܱႿਵ֝ᆀࠇਵ֝ྛູ֥ಪᆩࢲܒࠇᆀಪ౿bοᅶଽႅં֥ࠎЧࡌഡ,ቔູଽႅഠ߶ಪᆩᆩٳো༢,൞ሔෛᆀ֥ಪᆩൔ,ԥթႿሔෛᆀྙ֥۱ุଽႅਵ֝ં၂֊ྙӮ,ࡼ߶ၛק߄֥࠺ၫᆭᇏѩ֒აऎุaหק֥ਵ֝ᆀࢲކൈФ֥۬ൔЌӻӉ௹֥໗קѩఃڿэࡼ൞֥ބࠗࠃ[1]bಪᆩٳোંಪ,ູ֒۱ุმ֞ྍ֥Տࠗ७֥ݖӱbೂݔದૌԥթਔܱႿ۲োਵ֝ᆀ҂֥ൈ,ь߶ሱतֹิ౼ၘࣜԥթ࠺ၫ༢ᇏაགྷൌՏჰোљ,ᆺေᆩ֡ਔଖᇕোਵ֝ჰ֥ᇶေหࠗႵܱ৳֥ၘႵൔaଽႅંࠇᆀᆩ്ࢲܒაᇉ,ࣼॖၛ๙ݖႄ֝۱ุ֥ჰՖطڿэఃਵՏࠗࣉྛᆩत,ѩοᅶ֥ӱ؇ϜՏࠗྐ֝ಪᆩ,ᆃؓႿ۱ุބቆᆮ൞Ⴕၭ֥bᆃьႮՎ༏ࡆၛٳো[2]bLord֩ದࣉྛਔਵ֝ჰٳো֥ႄԛਔದૌؓଽႅਵ֝ંఓིႋ֥࣮ྖ౿b࣮,ಪູਵ֥֝োљᄝದૌ֥࠺ၫᇏ൞ٳ֩ࠩଢభ֥࣮ᇶေܱᇿਆ۱໙,ี၂൞ฐҩ۳ק֥ࠛթԥ֥ቆᆮࢲܒ,ѩၹՎٳӮ۱ඣ,ࠧቋۚࠩඣིཌ෬(performancecues)ିڎႄఏؓหקਵ֝ᆀႨႿٳਵ֝ᆀა٤ਵ֝ᆀ;ࠎЧ֥ඣ(ࠧჰหᇉࡎ֥ҵၳၛࠣᄝଧུჰหᇉົ؇ഈթᄝҵোљඣ)ႨႿٳ҂ো֥ਵ֝ᆀ(അြਵၳ,ၛՎඪૼದૌ֥ଽႅਵ֝ં൞ڎ൞Ⴎ҂֥֝aุტਵ֝֩);ቋࣚ༥֥ඣ,൞ᄝૄ۱ࠎЧඣൔ(ࠇჰ)োљܒӮุ֥༢;ؽ൞۳ק҂֥ࠛഈؓਵ֝ᆀࣉྛ༥ো֥߃ٳ(ೂϜഅြਵ֝ᆀٳིཌ෬ିڎႄఏФ൫ؓหק֥ଽႅਵ֝ંჰหӮളӁਵ֝ᆀaҍༀਵ֝ᆀaཧ൲ਵ֝ᆀ֩),ૄ၂ᇉקࡎ֥ҵၳ,ၛՎҩ۱ุଽႅਵ֝ંჰ֥ᇕো֥ਵ֝ᆀᄝಪᆩࢲܒ൞҂֥ಪᆩჰ[3]b໗קྟbభದ֥࣮ؓᆃਆ۱ٚ૫֥໙ีႵ෮ടOfferman֩ದ္ࣉྛਔଽႅਵ֝ჰಪᆩٳো֥ࠣ,҂࣮෮Б֥ۡࢲݔႵޓնҵၳbఃᆚં࣮,ބ֥ކቔᆀοᅶSternbergܱႿᇆ৯aԷᄯ֥ࢊׄ൞:ః၂,ೂݔದૌ֥ଽႅਵ֝ંჰ൞໗৯აᇆ߰۱ཌྷࢌן֥ۀٳোଆൔ,Ϝଽႅਵק,֥ପહ,൞թᄝ၂۱Їݣਔ۲োਵ֝ᆀหᇉ֥ᆜ֝ંಪᆩٳো༢ᇏਵ֝ᆀ֥ۀٳູਵ֝ᆀaކჰߎ൞թᄝሢ၂ቆྛ֥ჰቆކࠇᆀຩ߄Ⴕི֥ਵ֝ᆀބܵᆀ۱ჰোљࣉྛ࣮,ಪุ֥༢?ఃؽ,ིࠛཌ෬Տࠗ൞ႄؿჰ֥ڿэߎູದૌؓᆃᇕ҂֥Տࠗଢѓࣉྛࡎൈ,ؓႿ൞ႄؿਔჰაଢѓՏࠗٚൔ֥ڿэ?ھ࣮҂֥Տࠗଢѓᄝၹົ؇֥קࡎ֩ࠩ൞Ⴕҵၳᇶေᇁ৯Ⴟֻؓ၂۱໙ี֥ฐҩ,ѩֻؓؽ۱໙ี֥bఃᇏؓႿਵ֝ᆀაႵི֥ਵ֝ᆀ֥ࡎࠎЧ၂ࣇቓႵཋ؇֥ษંbᇁ,ቋն֥ҵљ൞ᄝܵᆀބਆᇕਵ֝ᆀᆭࡗ,ೂФ2 ٚم൫ಪູܵᆀࢠഒ֥ႚႵૹۋྟaۋᅺ৯aᇆ৯֩ห 被试ᇉ,طᄝህᇅ֩ڵྟหᇉഈ۳Ⴭ֥۷֥ۚקࡎ,ѩႮൌဒ֥Ф൫টሱႿת॓ն࿐ಆರᇅᄝЧ
ֻ5௹߶ᆽ֩ ଽႅਵ֝ંఓིႋ֥ൌဒ࣮41॓ള207ದ,ఃᇏଳള94ದ,ᅝ%;୯ള113ဒଢ֥ބေު,ᆷ֝Ф൫յषൌဒೈࡱ,൮༵ေದ,ᅝ%bቋն୍ਭ25ෟ,ቋཬ୍ਭ19ෟ,Ф൫ಪᆇᄇᆷ֝ე,ಖުࣉྛࠫՑหᇉ֩ࠩקन୍ਭෟbၛభીႵࣉྛݖোර֥ൌဒbο࿊ᄴ༝,ಒקၐ໙,ުࣉೆᆞൔൌဒӱ 设计ᆞൔൌဒ൮༵ေФ൫۴ऌሱ֥࠭ࣜဒࣼ/མ֥ҐႨ2@3Ф൫ࡗࠁކഡ࠹bਵ֝ᆀႋھऎС֥หᇉ0ࣉྛק,ಖ,ު౨Ф൫ಪ 材料ᆇᄇ၂؍૭ඍ၂۱หק֥ਵ֝ᆀ֥໓ሳҋਘ,ӯൌဒՏࠗҋਘҐႨሱྛщᇅ֥ܱႿਵ֝ᆀࡎགྷ۳۱ൌဒቆ֥Տࠗҋਘٳљ൞૭ඍႪྮਵ֥֝σ২ҋਘ,۴ऌ҂֥ൌဒ౦ࡼσ২ᇏ֥ਵ֝ᆀa၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀބࢠҵਵ֝ᆀ֥/ఓྟ0ҋਘbູᆀٳູᇕো(Ⴊྮ֥ਵ֝ᆀa၂Ϯ֥ਵ֝ᆀބਔಒקФ൫൞ڎᅧਔՏࠗҋਘ֥ଽಸ,ᄝᄇࢲࢠҵ֥ਵ֝ᆀ)bଽႅਵ֝หᇉࡎҩਈ۽ऎҐႨඏ,ުေФ൫ປӮაՏࠗҋਘଽಸႵܱ֥5۱࿊ሱщ5ଽႅਵ֝ંหᇉҩਈ໙ज[5]6,ѩࣉྛೈࡱᄴีၛؓൌဒඔऌ֥Ⴕིྟࣉྛೱ࿊bቋު,ေ߄ԩၛൌགྷᄝଷഈീҩbھ໙ज܋Ⴎ28۱หФ൫ࣼՏࠗҋਘᇏหק֥ਵ֝ᆀ/ႋھऎСଧུหᇉ่ଢቆӮ,ॖၛҩਈ۱ุଽႅਵ֝ં֥8۱ၹᇉ0ᄝ5ଽႅਵ֝ંหᇉ໙ज6ഈࣉྛ֩ࠩקbົ؇ࢲܒ,֣ࠧaૹۋྟaۋᅺ৯aଽ౺৯aᇆ৯aൌဒࢲඏު,ଷሱ࠺ૄ۱Ф൫ᄝ۲۱หᇉົ་ႄ৯aህᇅބଳྟ߄,ѩॖၛऊކӮᆞྟหᇉაڵ؇ഈ֥ק֩ࠩၛࠣקّ֥ႋൈࡗbྟหᇉ2۱ۚࢨົ؇bࣜဒऎႵࢠݺ֥ྐ؇აི3 ࢲݔ؇b൫ဒᇏԢਔ࠺Ф൫֥ק֩ࠩඔऌᆭຓ,ߎູਔх૧หၳඔऌؓٳ༅ࢲݔ֥႕ཙ,ླေؓ࠺ਔФ൫ᄝૄ۱่ଢഈّ֥ႋൈࡗ,ູਔ࣐ॖିჰඔऌࣉྛсေ֥ೱ࿊b൮༵Ԣඔऌ҂ປᆜ֥ཨԢФ൫࿙ᅳοൈࡗّؓႋൈࢲݔ֥႕ཙ,ھ໙Ф൫ሧਘ,ಖުҕᅶଽႅ৳མҩဒ(IAT)֥ቓم,जႮჰট֥10۱ק֩ࠩࡨഒູ5۱ק֩ࠩ,ఃԢႵ20%ՑඔّႋնႿ૰ބཬႿ૰֥Фٚ૫नЌӻ҂эb൫,ᆃဢՖቋԚ֥ീҩФ൫193ದᇏЌႵིФ൫ 程序184ದ,۱љّႋնႿ૰ّ֥ႋൈࡗο૰ҐႨ۱љീҩ֥ٚൔ,Ф൫൮༵ФෛࠏٳӮ3࠹ෘ,ཬႿ૰ّ֥ႋൈࡗο૰࠹ෘbಖުቆ,ૄ၂ቆФ൫ॉ੮֞ྟљa୍ࠩaህြ֥bൌҐႨࣉྛ؟ჭٚҵٳ༅,ࢲݔೂ༯:ဒӱೈࡱФิభᄝଷഈνል,ᇶ൫ࡥေඪૼൌі1 ؓᇕหקোਵ֝ᆀϖหᇉၹ؟ჭٚҵٳ༅ࢲݔၹো(I)ো(J)MD(I-J)pၹো(I)ো(J)MD(I-J)pႪྮ၂Ϯ*Ⴊྮ၂Ϯ*֣၂Ϯࢠҵᇆ৯၂ϮࢠҵࢠҵႪྮ*ࢠҵႪྮ*Ⴊྮ၂ϮႪྮ၂Ϯૹۋྟ၂Ϯࢠҵ་ႄ৯၂ϮࢠҵࢠҵႪྮࢠҵႪྮႪྮ၂Ϯ*Ⴊྮ၂Ϯۋᅺ৯၂Ϯࢠҵህᇅ၂ϮࢠҵࢠҵႪྮࢠҵႪྮႪྮ၂Ϯ*Ⴊྮ၂Ϯଽ౺৯၂Ϯࢠҵଳྟ߄၂ϮࢠҵࢠҵႪྮ*ࢠҵႪྮ
42ྏ࿐ฐྍ2010୍ᄝᇏݓದ֥ਵ֝ᆀۀᇏ,ಪູ၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀॖି҂൞٤ӈႵི֥ਵ֝ᆀbٚҵٳ༅ཁൕႪྮ֥ਵ֝ᆀა၂Ϯ֥ਵ֝ᆀބࢠҵ֥ਵ֝ᆀᆭࡗ֥ࡎթᄝཁᇷҵၳ,ᆃაPavittބSackaroff֥࣮Ⴕཌྷරᆭԩ[6],๙ݖᆞྟหᇉაڵྟหᇉ֥ٚҵٳ༅,ಯಖ֤ԛਔᆞྟหᇉࡎႵཁᇷҵၳطڵྟหᇉࡎཁᇷҵၳ֥ࢲં,ᆃაReithel֥࣮ؿགྷ൞ཌྷ֥[7]bLordބMaherܱႿଽႅਵ֝ં֥ಪᆩٳোܴׄіૼ,֒Ф൫ࢤ൬ܱ֞Ⴟਵ֝ᆀི֥ࠛཌ෬ྐ༏ൈ,ᆺႵପུაჰཌྷࢤ֥࣍ଢѓՏࠗିФ൮༵ٳোູਵ֝ᆀ,ಖުࣉ၂ֹ҄Фٳোູݺ֥ࠇҵ֥ਵ֝ᆀ,ᆃ۱བྷ༥֥ٳোླေၛࣉ၂֥҄ྐ༏ࡆ1 ؓোหקਵ֝ᆀหᇉࡎّႋൈбࢠ4 ษં۽ູᆷ,֝ఃᇏ֥ܱ൞,ᆺႵིࠛཌ෬෮ิ܂֥ׅหᆘྐ༏აଽႅਵ֝ંჰหᇉཌྷൈ,აPavittބSackaroff০Ⴈଽႅਵ֝ંหᇉਈіေФ൫ؓႪྮ֥a၂Ϯ֥ބҵ֥ਵ֝ᆀࣉྛקིࠛཌ෬ཌྷؓႋ֥ჰҌିܔФႄԛ[2]bՖࢲݔ,ၛՎটฐҩದૌܱႿ҂োਵ֝ᆀॖି֥หᇉჰु,Ф൫ؓଽႅਵ֝ં֥མਵ֝ᆀჰקࡎaིؓࠛཌ෬ఓ༯֥Ⴊྮਵ֝ᆀࡎაؓ၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀ,ࢲݔؿགྷФ൫ؓႪྮ֥ਵ֝ᆀa၂Ϯ֥ਵ֝ᆀބࢠҵ֥ਵ֝ᆀקᆭࡗनթᄝཁᇷྟ֥ҵၳބࢠҵਵ֝ᆀࡎᆭࡗթᄝཁᇷྟҵၳ,ᆃ၂ٚ૫,ѩၹՎૌಪູᄝФ൫֥ଽႅਵ֝ંᇏॖିթᄝ҂ඪૼದૌ֥ಪᆩࢲܒᇏॖିթᄝሢࠫᇕ҂ো֥֥ჰোљ[6]bOffermannetal္ࣉྛਔোර֥ଽႅਵ֝,ંѩૌ֥љॖିᇶေіགྷᄝ࣮ؓᆞྟჰหᇉ֥ࡎഈ;ਸ਼၂ٚ૫္ඪૼིࠛཌ෬,ࢲݔؿགྷႪྮਵ֝ᆀა၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀקᆭࡗીႵཁᇷྟҵၳ,აࢠҵਵ֝ᆀᆭࡗթᄝཁᇷྟҵఓ൞Ӯۿ֥bᇀႿ၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀაࢠҵਵ֝ᆀࡎၳᆭࡗીႵཁᇷྟҵၳ,၂ٚ૫ॖି֥ჰၹ൞ᆞೂ,ૌಪູФ൫ॖିౠཟႿؓਵ֝ᆀၛࠒ֥ܱࠞᇿ,ࠇᆀದૌಪູ၂Ϯ֥ਵ֝ᆀ࣐ܵીႵႪྮ֥ਵLordބMaher෮ᆷԛ֥ପဢ,ིࠧࠛཌ෬Տࠗᇏી֝ᆀሜᄀ,ಯಖ൞Ⴕི֥ਵ֝ᆀ,ၹՎીႵ۳ჍсႵିܔཁགྷԛა၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀჰหᇉཌྷ֥ׅေ֥љ[4]bReithelScottMerrill֥࣮ؿགྷ,ᄝႪหᆘ[2];ਸ਼၂۱ჰၹॖି൞ིࠛཌ෬ᇏಌكؓ၂Ϯྮ֥a၂Ϯ֥ބࢠҵ֥ਵ֝ᆀࡎᆭࡗթᄝࢠཬ֥ਵ֝ᆀބࢠҵਵ֝ᆀڵྟหᆘ֥૭ඍ;۷ॖି֥ჰҵၳၹ൞აቂԮ໓߄Ⴕܱ,ᄝᇏݓ໓߄ᇏ,/ᇏ႞0[F(42,146)=,p>],൞,ֆၹٚҵٳ༅ཁൕ҂ི֥ࠛཌ෬ඣؓᆞྟჰหᇉࡎᆭ֡ট൞ࢠູଆ֥ۀ,ႮႿФ൫൞ն࿐ള,Ⴕཁᇷ႕ཙૌϜ/၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀ0ࢳӮ/႞ྟਵ֝ᆀ0ѩ߃݂,ؓڵྟჰหᇉࡎ႕ཙીႵཁᇷྟҵၳ[7]bBravoބKravitz࣮ؿགྷིࠛཌ෬ିܔႄ֞/ࢠҵ֥0োљᇏ္൞҂ቀູఅ֥b൞ڎିၹఏؓࢠҵਵ֝ᆀڵྟჰหᇉࡎ֥႕ཙ[8]b֝Վ؎קᄝᇏݓದ֥ଽႅਵ֝ંᇏ/၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀ0ᇁၛഈࠫ۱Ⴕܱଽႅਵ֝ંིࠛཌ෬ఓིႋބ/ࢠҵਵ֝ᆀ0൞၂ჰোљ,ࢲંഉླࣉ၂࣮҄҂၂ᇁࢲݔ֥ჰၹॖି൞,҂֥࣮෮Ⴈ֥֥ฐ࣮bਸ਼ຓ,ીႵؿགྷࠫᇕোਵ֝ᆀჰᄝڵིࠛཌ෬֥҂၂ᇁ෮ႄఏ֥ࡎҵљ,ೂ҂ଽಸྟหᇉࡎഈ֥ཁᇷྟҵၳ,PhillipsބLordᆷԛ,ི֥ࠛཌ෬෮૭ඍ֥۲োਵ֝ᆀ֥หᆘ൞Ⴕҵၳ֥ᄝଽႅંᇏ,აڵྟหᇉཌྷбࢠط,ᆞྟჰห(ህᇅ֥aି֥aઠۄ֥a҂ކಕ֥֩),ႮՎ֝ᇁᇉॖି൞Ф۷ࡆ/མ߄0,֥֒მ֞ڵྟི֥ࠛՏ෮ఓ֥აᆭ֥ჰॖି္൞҂,֥ࠇᆀႵࠗൈࣼ߶Ф৫ࠧྩڿѩሸކ֞ၘࣜթᄝ֥ᆩ്ࢲܒི֥ࠛཌ෬ఓྟࢠၛ֝ᇁФ൫ࣉྛҵљྟّᇏ[9]bခሢᆃ่නਫ਼ॖၛҩ,ଽႅਵ֝ંᇏڵႋbਸ਼၂۱ॖି֥ჰၹ൞Ф൫֥҂໓߄Мࣟ෮֝ྟჰหᇉႮႿః/མ߄0ӱ؇҂ܔ,ં൞მ֞ᇁ֥ҵၳ,ࠧ҂Ԯ໓߄ؓ၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀބࢠҵਵᆞྟߎ൞ڵྟིࠛཌ෬֥Տࠗ,ఃФྩڿ֥ӱ؇ࢠ֝ᆀ֥ۀࢳ߶թᄝҵљ,ᆞೂOffermann෮૭ཬ,ᆃ္ྸ൞ིࠛཌ෬Տࠗؓڵྟਵ֝หᇉ҂ૹۋඍ֥,ૅݓದಪູ၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀ္൞Ⴕི֥ਵ֝ᆀ,ط֥ჰၹᆭ၂bఃൌ,ڵྟหᇉᄝದૌ֥ଽႅਵ֝
ֻ5௹߶ᆽ֩ ଽႅਵ֝ંఓིႋ֥ൌဒ࣮43ંಪᆩࢲܒᇏЧദࣼඋႿ/࠙0ൔ֥ေ,൞ದૌࢲݔ[10],іૼᄝದૌ֥ଽႅਵ֝ંჰࢲܒᇏᆞᄝ؛ᇏ֥७࿊ᄴ,ԩႿ/ྟ0ა/ۋྟ0֥ಪᆩྟหᇉбڵྟหᇉऎႵ۷఼֥ଽႅྟb๙ݖϖົ؇ԊᆭࡗbᆃՖ༯૫ؓڵྟหᇉّ֥ႋൈٳ༅ᇏॖၹनᆴбࢠॖၛुԛ,Ф൫ᄝ֣aଽ౺৯aۋᅺ၂Ϫb৯۱ၹഈّႋൈࡗቋ؋,ದૌ္ྸಪູᆃུၹܱႿّႋൈҩਈࢲݔ,ႮႿଢభીႵؿགྷཌྷරႋھ൞མ֥ਵ֝ᆀऎႵ֥ቋᇗေaቋނྏބቋ֥࣮ቔູҕॉ,ᆺିࣼࢲંቓԛࠫׄනॉb൮,༵ଽႅ֥ၹbೂݔ۱ุ֥ଽႅਵ֝ંᇏࠫᇕਵ֝ᆀჰ൞ൈླေඪૼ֥൞,ھ࣮ᆺ൞ฐҩਔིࠛཌ෬ؓթᄝ,֥ପહ,ᄝ૫ؓࠫᇕ҂֥ਵ֝ᆀଢѓՏࠗᇕ҂ো(Ⴊྮa၂Ϯބࢠҵ)ਵ֝ᆀหᇉࡎൈ,ః۲ሱّ֥ႋൈࡗࣼ҂ႋھႵཁᇷྟҵၳ,ࢲݔ֥ఓིႋbႮႿ൳่ࡱ֥ཋᇅ,ીႵҩ҂֥ᇏؓམਵ֝ᆀaႪྮਵ֝ᆀބ၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀࡎི֥ࠛཌ෬ؓଽႅਵ֝ંམਵ֝ᆀჰ֥႕ཙࠇّႋൈࡗཁᇷҵၳ֥ࢲં֤֞ਔᆣૼb൞ؿགྷᆀᆃᇕ႕ཙ൞ڎऎႵॴൈࡗ֥໗ק,ྟᆃ൞ໃটਔؓࢠҵਵ֝ᆀࡎّ֥ႋൈࡗնႿؓఃᇕো࣮֥ਸ਼၂ٚཟbਵ֝ᆀࡎّ֥ႋൈࡗ,թᄝཁᇷྟҵၳ,ᆃॖ࣐ܵೂՎ,ھ࣮ߎ൞ؿགྷਔ҂ི֥ࠛཌ෬ି൞ၹູФ൫ᄝႨՏࠗିܔ֝ᇁФ൫ؓਵ֝ᆀࡎ֥э߄b္ࣼ൞/མਵ֝ᆀหᇉ໙ज0ؓࢠҵਵ֝ᆀࡎൈླေቓ۷؟֥න෬,മᇀߎթᄝሢඪ,࣐ܵದૌ֥ଷᇏթᄝሢଽႅ֥aၛჰູࠎԤห൹֥֥ਵ֝/ख़ϰႆའ0ଆ,҂ི֥ࠛཌ෬Տࠗି/ࢠҵਵ֝ᆀଽႅหᇉࢲܒ0္൞ॖି֥bࡌᆇ൞ೂՎॖିླေေ࣯ᆞ၂ׄ,ࠧФ൫ؓࢠҵܔࠗؿ҂֥ჰࠇᆀࠗؿ၂۱ჰ֥҂Ӯٳਵ֝ᆀቓหᇉࡎൈॖି/ࢹႨਔ0၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀ֥টაଢѓՏࠗѩࣉط႕ཙؓଢѓ֥ࡎ,ପહ,ଆط҂൞ཌྷّbႮႿФ൫൞ીႵ۽ቔࣜဒ֥ն࿐ᄝቆᆮൌᇏ,ೂޅ๙ݖႵི֥ۄყҦটࠗؿሔളෛᆀಪᆩࡎ֥ڿэՖطڿэؓਵ֝ᆀ֥ࡎ,ᆃ,(ෲ)ૌؓࢠҵਵ֝ᆀ֥ଽႅჰߎીႵປಆྙӮࠇᆀປಆ໗ܥֹק္൞ॖି֥bֻؽࣼэ֤٤ӈႵࡎᆴބၩၬਔ,Ֆଖᇕӱ؇ഈࢃ,б,Ֆؓ۱หקোਵ֝ᆀᆞڵหᇉࡎّ֥ႋൈট൫ڿэሔෛᆀ֥ଽႅਵ֝ં(ڿэଽႅಪᆩ),ुؓࢠҵਵ֝ᆀ֥ᆞྟหᇉࡎླေ۷Ӊ֥ൈࡗေࡥֆ֤؟,္රެൌ࠽֤؟b,ѩაႪྮਵ֝ᆀᆭࡗႵཁᇷྟҵၳ5 ࢲં,ؓࢠҵਵ֝ᆀ֥ڵྟหᇉࡎّႋൈაႪྮਵ֝ᆀᆭࡗીႵཁᇷՖၛഈ֥ٳ༅ᇏරެॖၛ֤ԛᆃဢ֥ࢲ:ં۱ྟҵၳุଽྏᇏ҂ႚႵܱႿམਵ֝ᆀ֥ଽႅਵ֝ં,ѩીཁൕԛყ௹֥ҵၳྟ(ࠧؓࢠҵਵ֝ᆀڵྟหᇉࡎّ֥ႋൈႋھཬႿؓႪྮਵ֝ᆀڵჰ,طॖିႚႵ۲ᇕ҂ো֥ਵ֝ᆀჰྟหᇉࡎّ֥ႋൈ(ೂႪྮ֥ਵ֝ᆀa၂Ϯ֥ਵ֝ᆀބࢠҵ֥ਵ֝),ᆃ္ဒᆣਔФ൫ؓࢠҵਵ֝ᆀჰ֥ྟb۱ᇏჰၹ္ྸ൞ڵྟหᇉᆀ),ᆃུܱႿਵ֝ᆀ֥ჰܒӮਔ۱ุ֥ଽႅਵЧദ֥หׄ෮थק֥bਸ਼ຓ,ದࠈ֥൞,Ф൫ؓ֝ંಪᆩࢲܒุ༢,҂ི֥ࠛཌ෬Տࠗ(္ॖ၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀᆞྟหᇉაڵྟหᇉّ֥ႋൈࡗनࢠି൞љ֥Տࠗ)߶ࠗؿ۱ุႨ҂֥ჰაᆭཬ,ѩؓՏࠗଢѓቓԛ؎ބࡎbఃᇏ۲۱ਵ֝,ႮႿః/҂ބཾ0ֹһᄖఃᇏࠫެଆਔ࣮֥൪ཌ,ࢲކఃหᇉࡎࢲݔु,රެᄝФ൫֥ྏᇏթᆀჰᆭࡗᇶေ֥ҵၳุགྷᄝᆞྟჰหᇉࡎ֥ᄝሢ໗ק֥ҵၳഈ,ڵྟჰหᇉҵљࢠཬbམ֥ਵ֝ᆀaႪ/၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀಪᆩჰ0,္҂ஆԢದૌؓ/၂Ϯਵ֝ᆀྮਵ֝ᆀၛࠣ၂Ϯ֥ਵ֝ᆀᆀჰᆭࡗႵࢠնҵ0ࡎൈ߶ቓԛLikert໙जഡ࠹ᇏ෮ิ֥ࠣ/ᅼᇓ0࿊ᄴ֥൝,ᆃླေᄝໃট֥࣮ᇏၳ,၂Ϯ֥ਵ֝ᆀބࢠҵ֥ਵ֝ᆀᆭࡗҵљࢠཬbࣉ၂ֹ҄ҩbਸ਼ຓҕॉ໓ང,ؓಆФ൫(184ದ)ଽႅਵ֝ંམਵ֝ᆀ֥ᆞྟหᇉაڵྟหᇉّ֥ႋൈࣉྛਔनᆴб1 KenneyRA,Schwartz-KenneyBM,:Definingleadersdescribedasworthyofࢠაֆၹٚҵٳ༅,ࢲݔؿགྷᄝᆞྟหᇉაڵྟ,1996,หᇉّ֥ႋൈᆭࡗթᄝཁᇷྟҵၳ(F=,P22:1128-1143.=<),ᆞྟหᇉّ֥ႋൈनᆴཬႿڵ2 LordRG,-ྟหᇉbᆃ္ࣉ၂҄ဒᆣਔ๙ݖIATൌဒ෮֤֥֞ing:,MA:
44ྏ࿐ฐྍ2010୍UnwinHyman, LordRG,FotiRJ,:Internalstructure,informationprocessing,,WayneStateUniversity,-troit,MI,,1984,34: BravoIM,-4 OffermannLR,KennedyJK,:Influenceoftargetvalue,contextpolarity,andind-itheories:Content,structure,,Quarterly,1994,5:,26: ߶ᆽ.ଽႅਵ֝ંಪᆩࢲܒა႕ཙၹ.Ѱൖં໓.9 PhillipsJS,ഈݚ:תഽٓն࿐, PavittC,,1982,67: ߶ᆽ.ଽႅਵ֝ંଽႅྟ֥ൌဒ࣮.ྏ࣮.Research,1990,21:,4:,21LuHuizhi,SunShijin(,FudanUniversity,Shanghai200433;,ShandongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Qingdao266510)Abstract:IntheprimingeffectbetweenILTsandSeveraltypesofleadershipswefindthatperformancecueaffecttraitsevaluationbytheexcellent,ordinaryandbadleaders,especiallyfortheevaluationonpositivetraits,:implicitleadershiptheories;primingeffect;performancecue;measurementoflatency
