캬웕톶 뗚第?22?뻭卷第뗚?1웚期?总ퟜ第뗚?7?6웚期??2?0?07?쓪年?3퓂月?ꎮ4튻? 뛔对컒我国맺人죋力솦资本놾价볛值횵补늹偿뎥机믺制훆问컊题쳢的뗄探첽讨쳖?뚭董妙쏮龄쇤?(?놱北뺩京쫐市뺭经볃济맜管理샭干룉部늿学톧院풺，ꎬ北놱京뺩?1?0?01?0?2?)?Eꆾ햪摘?튪要ꆿE죋人力솦资本놾价볛值횵能쓜否럱뗃得到떽合뫏理샭的뗄补늹偿뎥，ꎬ늻不뷶仅횱直뷓接影펰响쿬着ퟅ人죋力솦资本놾价볛值횵的뗄实쪵现쿖程돌度뛈，ꎬ而뛸?쟒且影펰响쿬着ퟅ新탂一튻轮싖的뗄人죋力솦资本놾运퓋动뚯，ꎬ벴即탂新뗄的죋人솦力资놾本뗄的탎形돉成뫍和쪹使폃用ꆣ。컒我国맺죋人솦力资놾本价볛횵值补늹偿뎥机믺制훆?尚짐늻不붡健좫全，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值폫与쫕收죫入럖分엤配횮之볤间늢并캴未돊呈쿖现튻一뚨定뗄的헽正쿠相맘关맘关쾵系ꆣ。劳샍뚯动者헟뗘地位캻虚탩化뮯与폫人죋力솦?资本놾产닺权좨缺좱损쯰，ꎬ쫇是컒我맺国죋人솦力资놾本늹补뎥偿믺机훆制늻不健붡全좫的뗄根룹源풴所쯹在퓚;ꎻ쿠相펦应뗘地确좷立솢人죋力솦资本놾收쫕益틦权좨，ꎬ则퓲是쫇?对뛔죋人力솦资놾本价볛횵值进뷸탐行合뫏理샭补늹뎥偿的뗄根룹本놾途춾径뺶;ꎻ뛸而죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权化뮯，ꎬ폖又쫇是좷确솢立죋人솦力资놾本쫕收益틦权좨的뗄具뻟?쳥体쳥体쿖现。ꆣ죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权뮯化뗄的뛔对쿳象훷主튪要쫇是웳企튵业훐中뒦处폚于맘关볼键벼技쫵术岗룚캻位뫍和훘重튪要管맜理샭岗룚位캻的뗄人죋力솦资本놾?所쯹有폐者헟。ꆣ与폫此듋同춬时쪱，ꎬ뮹还튪要훘重쫓视完췪善짆人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨保놣护뮤体쳥系쾵。ꆣ?Eꆾ맘关键볼词듊Eꆿ죋人力솦资本놾价볛值횵;ꎻ?죋人力솦资本놾产닺权좨;ꎻ?补늹偿뎥机믺制훆;ꎻ?죋人力솦资本놾股막份럝化뮯?Eꆾ中훐图춼分럖类샠号뫅1ꆿF?2?4?1? 【ꆾ컄文쿗献标뇪识쪶码싫)ꆿ?A ꆾ[컄文헂章编뇠号뫅)ꆿ1??0?0?8ꆪ-7?2?2??2?(?2?0?0?7?)?0?1ꆪ-0??0?5?4?-0?5?? 人죋力솦资本놾的뗄价볛值횵补늹偿뎥是쫇人죋力솦资本놾运퓋动뚯过맽程돌终훕结뷡的뗄基믹本놾标뇪志횾，ꎬ춬同쪱时폖又쫇是탂新튻一싖轮죋人솦力资놾本运퓋뚯动过맽돌程开뾪始쪼?的뗄必뇘튪要쳵条볾件。ꆣ죋人力솦资本놾볛价횵值能쓜否럱得뗃到떽合뫏理샭的뗄补늹偿뎥，ꎬ늻不뷶仅횱直뷓接펰影响쿬ퟅ着人죋力솦资本놾价볛值횵实쪵现쿖的뗄程돌度뛈，ꎬ而뛸且쟒影펰响쿬?ퟅ着新탂一튻轮싖的뗄人죋力솦资本놾运퓋动뚯，ꎬ벴即탂新뗄的죋人솦力资놾本뗄的탎形돉成뫍和쪹使폃用。ꆣ죋人솦力资本놾不늻断뛏合뫏理샭形탎成돉和뫍持돖续탸合뫏理샭使쪹用폃，ꎬ推췆?动뚯经뺭济볃社짧会믡的뗄良솼性탔发랢展햹。ꆣ因틲此듋，ꎬ探첽讨쳖人죋力솦资本놾的뗄价볛值횵补늹偿뎥机믺制훆问컊题쳢，ꎬ具뻟有폐重훘要튪意틢义틥。ꆣ?튻一、ꆢ샍劳뚯动헟者뗘地캻位탩虚뮯化폫与죋人솦力资놾本닺产좨权좱缺쯰损:ꎺ컒我맺国죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值늹补뎥偿믺机훆制늻不붡健좫全的뗄룹根本놾问컊题쳢??1ꎮ.컒我맺国죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值폫与쫕收죋入럖分엤配횮之볤间캴未돊呈쿖现튻一뚨定的뗄正헽相쿠关맘关맘系쾵?应펦当떱说쮵，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值폫与쫕收죋入럖分엤配횮之볤间듦存퓚在ퟅ着뷏较잿强뗄的헽正쿠相关맘탔性。ꆣ但떫是쫇，ꎬ컒我맺国늻不춬同샍劳뚯动헟者之횮间볤的뗄收쫕入죋?差닮距뻠，ꎬ뺡尽맜管폫与죋人솦力资놾本쮮水욽平뗄的닮差틬异폐有튻一뚨定맘关쾵系ꎬ，떫但늢并늻不돊呈쿖现췪完좫全뗄的헽正쿠相맘关ꆣ。헢这쫇是평由폚于컒我맺国죋人솦力资놾本价볛值횵?补늹뎥偿机믺훆制不늻健붡全좫引틽起웰的뗄。ꆣ而뛸我컒国맺人죋力솦资本놾价볛值횵补늹偿뎥机믺制훆不늻健붡全좫的뗄根룹本놾原풭因틲，ꎬ퓚在폚于뎤长웚期탎形成돉的뗄劳샍动뚯者헟地뗘位캻?虚탩化뮯和뫍人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨缺좱损쯰问컊题쳢。ꆣ?根룹据뻝《ꆶ훐中맺国춳统计볆年쓪鉴본》ꆷ资料쇏来살看뾴，ꎬ룄改革룯开뾪放럅以틔后뫳，ꎬ特쳘别뇰是쫇进뷸入죋"ꆰ八냋五컥"ꆱ和뫍"ꆰ뻅九컥五ꆱ"쪱时웚期ꎬ，훐中맺国탐行튵业볤间뗄的쫕收入죫?分럖配엤有폐了쇋一튻个룶大듳的뗄变뇤化뮯，ꎬ벴即럖分엤配뾪开쪼始向쿲뿆科벼技몬含量솿高룟的뗄行탐业튵和뫍新탂兴탋产닺业튵倾쟣斜킱。ꆣ人죋力솦资本놾含몬量솿少짙、劳ꆢ샍动뚯密쏜集벯、ꆢ?竞뺺争헹充돤分럖的뗄行탐业튵收쫕入죋相쿠对뛔降붵低뗍。ꆣ如죧采닉掘뻲业튵，ꎬ1?9?9?0?年쓪，ꎬ웤其횰职릤工릤工资쮮水平욽在퓚全좫国맺各룷行탐业튵中훐排업名쏻第뗚一튻，ꎬ1?9?9?9?年쓪?则퓲变뇤为캪倒떹数쫽第뗚三죽oꆣ相쿠反랴，ꎬ뿆科벼技몬含솿量룟高뗄的탐行튵业、ꆢ탂新탋兴닺产튵业뗄的횰职릤工릤工资쮮水平욽在퓚显쿔著훸增퓶长뎤。ꆣ如죧金뷰融죚保놣险쿕业튵，ꎬ1?9?9?0??年쓪，ꎬ웤其횰职릤工릤工资쮮水平욽在퓚各룷行탐业튵中훐排업名쏻倒떹数쫽第뗚四쯄，ꎬ1?9?9?9?年쓪变뇤为캪第뗚一튻。ꆣ其웤它쯼如죧科뿆学톧研퇐究뺿和뫍综ퟛ合뫏技벼术쫵服럾务컱业튵、ꆢ房랿?地뗘产닺业튵、ꆢ컀卫짺生쳥体폽育뫍和짧社会믡福뢣利샻业튵、ꆢ떳党헾政믺机맘关、ꆢ짧社믡会췅团쳥体ꆢ、뗧电솦力쎺煤웸气벰及쮮水뗄的生짺产닺和뫍供릩应펦业튵、ꆢ普웕通춨高룟校킣、ꆢ商짌튵业经뺭?纪볍与폫代듺理샭等뗈行탐业튵部늿门쏅，ꎬ횰职릤工뗄的릤工资퓶增뎤长쯙速度뛈都뚼比뇈较뷏快뿬。ꆣ脑쓔力솦劳샍动뚯者헟、ꆢ벼技쫵术密쏜集벯型탍领쇬域폲的뗄劳샍动뚯者헟、ꆢ资놾本密쏜集벯?型탍产닺业튵的뗄劳샍动뚯者헟的뗄收쫕入죋迅톸速쯙提쳡高룟。ꆣ?收쫕稿룥日죕期웚:ꎺ?2?0?0?6ꆪ-1??2ꆪ-3?0??作ퟷ者헟简볲介뷩:董ꎺ뚭妙쏮龄쇤(1??9?5?9?一튻)?，ꎬ얮女ꎬ，뫓河쓏南쪡省죋人ꎬ，놱北뺩京쫐市뺭经볃济맜管샭理룉干늿部톧学院풺工릤商짌管맜理샭系쾵教뷌授쫚。ꆣ?-54 -
?캬웕톶 뚭쏮쇤ꎮ뛔컒맺죋솦놾볛횵늹뎥믺훆컊쳢뗄첽쳖?’ 董妙龄·对我国人力资本价值补偿机制问题的探讨떫但쫇是，ꎬ룷各룶个탐行튵业훐中샍劳뚯动헟者쫕收죫入뗄的룟高뗍低，ꎬ늢并늻不췪完좫全좡取뻶决폚于샍劳뚯动헟者룶个죋人뗄的톧学쪶识、ꆢ샍劳뚯动벼技쓜能벰及릤工ퟷ作믽积벫极性탔等뗈?죋人力솦资本놾因틲素쯘。ꆣ根룹据뻝《ꆶ中훐国맺统춳计볆年쓪鉴본》ꆷ资料쇏，ꎬ?2?00?4?쓪年，ꎬ퓚在쫕收죫入뷏较룟高的뗄电뗧力솦、ꆢ쎺煤웸气、ꆢퟔ自살来쮮水탐行튵业훐中，ꎬ죋人뻹均쫕收죫入为캪??1?0?0?20?元풪，ꎬ퓚在좫全国맺?16?룶个行탐业튵中훐位캻居뻓第뗚二뛾。ꆣ但떫在퓚这헢几벸个룶行탐业튵中훐，ꎬ내按文컄化뮯程돌度뛈分럖组ퟩ，ꎬ쫕收죫入닮差뻠距뷏较킡小。ꆣ收쫕죫入最ퟮ低뗍?的뗄쫇是뻟具폐有高룟中훐文컄化뮯程돌度뛈的뗄就뻍业튵者헟组ퟩ，ꎬ죋人뻹均쓪年收쫕入죫只횻有폐?91?6?2?풪元;ꎻ뻟具폐有돵初훐中뫍和킡小톧学컄文뮯化돌程뛈度뗄的뻍就튵业헟者ퟩ组的뗄人죋?뻹均쓪年收쫕入죫，ꎬ뻹均룟高폚于뻟具폐有룟高훐中컄文뮯化돌程뛈度뗄的뻍就业튵헟者组ퟩFꎻퟮ最룟高的뗄是쫇具뻟有폐大듳学톧本놾科뿆文컄化뮯程돌度뛈的뗄就뻍业튵者헟组ퟩ，ꎬ죋人均뻹年쓪收쫕?죫入为캪?1?23?6?2?元풪。ꆣ在퓚全좫国맺?16?룶个行탐业튵中훐，ꎬ뻟具폐有듳大톧学놾本뿆科以틔上짏文컄化뮯程돌度뛈的뗄就뻍业튵者헟中훐，ꎬ收쫕入죫最ퟮ低뗍的뗄是쫇采닉掘뻲业튵，ꎬ人죋均뻹?쓪年收쫕入죫仅뷶有폐?8?31?3?元풪;ꎻ쫕收죫入ퟮ最룟高뗄的쫇是랿房地뗘产닺业튵，ꎬ죋人뻹均쓪年收쫕入죫?1?25?4?3?풪元，ꎬ뇈比닉采뻲掘튵业룟高出돶?5?0ꎮ.?9?%ꆣ。?짏上쫶述럖分컶析表뇭明쏷，ꎬ훐中맺国쒿目잰前뗄的럖分엤配ힴ状뿶况뮹还늻不쓜能돤充럖分쳥体쿖现돶出죋人솦力资놾本퓚在럖分엤配훐中뗄的뗘地캻位。ꆣ죋人力솦资本놾水쮮平욽与폫?쫕收죫入뗄的쿠相맘关탔性뷏较킡小，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本춶投资훷主쳥体뮹还쓑难틔以뷶仅욾凭뷨借죋人솦力资놾本춶投资获믱뗃得充돤分럖的뗄回믘报놨，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值补늹偿뎥?믺机制훆尚짐不늻健붡全좫。ꆣ??2.ꎮ샍劳뚯动者헟뗘地位캻虚탩化뮯与폫人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨缺좱损쯰，ꎬ쫇是컒我맺国죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值늹补뎥偿믺机훆制늻不健붡좫全的뗄根룹源풴所쯹在퓚??(?1?샍)뚯劳动헟者뗘地캻位탩虚뮯化컊问쳢题?我컒国맺샍劳뚯动헟者뗘地캻位탩虚뮯化컊问쳢题훷主튪要뇭表쿖现퓚在三죽个룶方랽面쏦ꎺt一튻是쫇所쯹有폐者헟的뗄主훷体쳥地뗘位캻虚탩化뮯。ꆣ按내照헕马십克뿋思쮼主훷义틥理샭?论싛，ꎬ컞无닺产뷗阶벶级뛡夺좡取헾政좨权횮之뫳后ꎬ，펦应룃该붨建솢立웰起튻一훖种탂新뗄的짧社믡会쯹所폐有훆制ꆣ。떫但퓚在中훐国맺맽过去좥的뗄实쪵践볹中훐，ꎬ틔以맺国볒家쯹所폐有制훆为캪?훷主的뗄传뒫춳统所쯹폐有制훆뷡结构릹，ꎬ냑把맺国볒家뛔对짺生닺产资쇏料뗄的쯹所폐有좨权뷸进탐行쇋了컞无쿞限的뗄扩삩듳大，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者뛔对웳企튵业닆财닺产뗄的ퟮ最훕终쯹所有폐权좨?得뗃늻不到떽具뻟쳥体体쳥现쿖。ꆣ二뛾是쫇劳샍动뚯者헟的뗄主훷体쳥地뗘位캻虚탩化뮯。ꆣ在퓚传뒫统춳的뗄计볆划뮮经뺭济볃体쳥制훆下쿂，ꎬ国맺家볒对뛔招헐工릤、ꆢ뻍就튵业쪵实行탐严퇏格룱?뗄的볆计뮮划맜管샭理，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者쎻没폐有퓱择튵业뫍和췋退돶出샍劳뚯动맘关쾵系뗄的ퟔ自평由ꎬ，튲也쎻没폐有퓚在늻不춬同웳企튵业볤间뷸进탐行쇷流뚯动뗄的自ퟔ由평。ꆣ헢这种훖劳샍动뚯?制훆뛈度듓从表뇭面쏦上짏뾴看，ꎬ쯆似뫵乎쳥体쿖现쇋了웳企튵业폫与횰职릤工횮之볤间튻一훖种컈稳뚨定뗄的샍劳뚯动맘关系쾵，ꎬ떫但쪵实훊质짏上쫇是틔以샍劳뚯动헟者뛔对웳企튵业的뗄人죋身짭?틀依附뢽作ퟷ为캪条쳵件볾的뗄。ꆣ三죽是쫇劳샍动뚯者헟的뗄物컯质훊利샻益틦虚탩化뮯。ꆣ在퓚传뒫统춳的뗄计볆划뮮经뺭济볃为캪主的훷国뗄有맺制폐下훆，쿂国ꎬ맺家볒、ꆢ企웳业튵、ꆢ劳샍动뚯者헟?的뗄利샻틦益界뷧定뚨不늻清쟥，ꎬ웳企튵业짺生닺产뗄的샻利죳润췹往췹往좫全늿部上짏붻交给룸国맺家볒，ꎬ맺国볒家뛔对샍劳뚯动헟者又폖长뎤期웚实쪵行탐低뗍工릤资政헾策닟，ꎬ职횰工릤作ퟷ为캪?劳샍뚯动헟者的뗄具뻟体쳥샻利益틦뗃得不늻떽到有폐킧效的뗄保놣障헏。ꆣ改룄革룯开뾪放럅以틔来살，ꎬ쯦随ퟅ着짧社믡会훷主义틥市쫐场뎡机믺制훆的뗄建붨立솢，ꎬ헢这훖种ힴ状뿶况已틑有폐很뫜?大듳改룄变뇤，ꎬ떫但뻍就맺国폐有떥单캻位살来说쮵，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者뗘地캻位탩虚뮯化的뗄问컊题쳢尚짐未캴从듓根룹本놾上짏解뷢决뻶。ꆣ?(??2)?人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨缺좱损쯰问컊题쳢?我컒国맺劳샍动뚯者헟地뗘位캻的뗄虚탩化뮯，ꎬ듓从人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨的뗄层닣面쏦而뛸言퇔，ꎬ实쪵际볊上짏就뻍是쫇人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨的뗄缺좱损쯰。ꆣ?我컒国맺传뒫统춳国맺폐有企웳튵业人죋솦力资本놾契웵约풼关맘系쾵有폐着ퟅ特쳘殊쫢的뗄性탔质훊:ꎺ튻一쫇是떥单뇟边뚨定볛价룕刚탔性。ꆣ国맺폐有웳企튵业对뛔于폚劳샍动뚯者헟的뗄?报놨酬돪和뫍뢣福利샻폐有着ퟅ벸几乎뫵췪完全좫一튻致훂的뗄契웵约풼条쳵款뿮，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者늻不쓜能쳖讨볛价뮹还볛价ꆣ。뛾二쫇是떥单뇟边톡选퓱择刚룕탔性。ꆣ劳샍动뚯者헟的뗄工릤作ퟷ地뗘?区쟸、ꆢ떥单캻位뫍和횰职컱务뫜很듳大돌程뛈度짏上쫇是평由쳥体훆制뻶决뚨定뗄的，ꎬ릤工ퟷ作룚岗캻位뫍和릤工ퟷ作쾸细뷚节훷主튪要由평经뺭营펪管맜理샭者헟单떥边뇟决뻶定뚨，ꎬ劳샍动뚯者헟还뮹?不늻能쓜根룹据뻝自ퟔ身짭条쳵件볾自ퟔ由평选톡择퓱。ꆣ三죽是쫇不늻流쇷动뚯刚룕性탔。ꆣ人죋力솦资本놾一튻旦떩进뷸入죫国맺有폐企웳业튵，ꎬ뻍就쓑难以틔自ퟔ由평地뗘向쿲其웤他쯻企웳业튵?流쇷뚯动。ꆣ四쯄是쫇契웵约풼刚룕탔性。ꆣ튻一旦떩人죋力솦资本놾和뫍物컯资资本놾通춨过맽一튻次듎性탔缔뗞约풼结뷡合뫏，ꎬ双쮫方랽都뚼没쎻有폐退췋出돶和뫍变뇤动뚯的뗄自ퟔ由평。ꆣ?这헢种훖人죋力솦资本놾契웵约풼맘关系쾵导떼致훂人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨的뗄残닐缺좱，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者늢并没쎻有폐真헦正헽成돉为캪产닺权좨的뗄主훷体쳥。ꆣ一튻方랽面쏦，ꎬ劳샍动뚯者헟?对뛔劳샍动뚯力솦缺좱乏랦自ퟔ主훷支횧配엤权좨。ꆣ在퓚我컒国맺的뗄国맺有폐经뺭济볃部늿门쏅中훐，ꎬ劳샍动뚯力솦一튻旦떩配엤置훃于폚某쒳一튻具뻟体쳥行탐业튵、企ꆢ웳业튵、ꆢ工릤种훖和뫍岗룚?位캻，ꎬ뇣便쿠相뛔对만固뚨定쿂下살来ꎬ，샍劳뚯动헟者좱缺랦乏뛔对샍劳뚯动솦力뗄的횧支엤配좨权ꎬ，튲也쓑难틔以믱获뗃得폫与샍劳뚯动솦力닺产좨权뛔对펦应뗄的뗈等볛价좨权利샻。ꆣ另쇭一튻方랽?面쏦，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者좱缺랦乏쪣剩폠余쯷索좡取좨权ꆣ。맺国폐有웳企튵业샍劳뚯动헟者뒴创퓬造的뗄쪣剩余폠价볛值횵，ꎬ퓚在돵初듎次럖分엤配훐中럖分为캪三죽部늿分럖2ꎺ一튻是쫇工릤资。ꆣ根룹?据뻝所쯹캽谓的뗄내按샍劳럖分엤配풭原퓲则럖分룸给룶个죋人，ꎬ탎形돉成횰职릤工룶个죋人쫕收죫入ꆣ。뛾二쫇是웳企튵业샻利죳润ꆣ。ퟷ作캪为웳企튵业믹基뷰金用폃于폚企웳业튵发랢展햹生짺?产닺、ꆢ벯集쳥体뢣福샻利뫍和횰职릤工붱奖샸励ꆣ。죽三쫇是쮰税뷰金。ꆣ以틔쮰税收쫕形탎式쪽上짏缴뷉国맺家볒财닆政헾，ꎬ돉成为캪国맺家볒集벯中훐的뗄纯뒿收쫕入죫，ꎬ퓚在좫全짧社会믡遭랶围캧?内쓚统춳돯筹安낲업排使쪹폃用。ꆣ根룹据뻝传뒫统춳的뗄收쫕入죫分럖配엤方랽式쪽，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者뗄的쫕收죫入냼包括삨两솽部늿分럖，ꎬ릤工资쫕收죫入뫍和뢣福샻利性탔收쫕入죫。ꆣ工릤资?是쫇职횰工릤作ퟷ为캪劳샍动뚯者헟获믱得뗃的뗄劳샍动뚯报놨酬돪，ꎬ쫇是뛔对샍劳뚯动솦力볛价횵值뗄的늹补偿뎥。ꆣ但떫这헢部늿分럖报놨酬돪相쿠当떱少짙，ꎬ풶远不늻足ퟣ于폚劳샍动뚯者헟应펦?获믱뗃得的뗄볛价值횵补늹偿뎥;ꎻ뢣福샻利쫕收죫入듓从살来풴源뾴看쫴属폚于샍劳뚯动헟者뒴创퓬造뗄的쪣剩余폠볛价值횵的뗄一튻部늿分럖，ꎬ쯤虽좻然튲也뇭表쿖现为캪一튻种훖剩쪣余폠分럖配엤?收쫕入죫，ꎬ떫但웤其럖分엤配틀依뻝据쫇是ꆰ"맺国볒家룸给폨予ꆱ"ꎬ뛸，늻而쫇不是풴源폚于샍劳뚯动헟者럖分쿭享웳企튵业샻利죳润的뗄内쓚在퓚权좨利샻。ꆣ因틲此듋，ꎬ实쪵际볊上짏，ꎬ퓚在传뒫统춳?的뗄收쫕入죫分럖配엤体쳥制훆下쿂，ꎬ늢并쎻没폐有뢳赋폨予샍劳뚯动헟者펦应폐有的뗄剩쪣余폠索쯷取좡权좨，ꎬ튲也뻍就쫇是쮵说，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者쎻没폐有믱获뗃得쿠相뛔对폚于人죋솦力资本놾产닺?权좨的뗄那쓇部늿分럖收쫕入죫。ꆣ?按내照헕马십克뿋思쮼主훷义틥的뗄劳샍动뚯价볛值횵学톧说쮵，ꎬ샍劳뚯动솦力뗄的볛价횵值냼包삨括솽两늿部分럖:ꎺ튻一늿部럖分쫇是샍劳뚯动헟者폃用폚于샍劳뚯动力솦的뗄简볲单떥再퓙?生짺产닺;ꎻ쇭另튻一늿部럖分쫇是샍劳动뚯者헟用폃于폚住힡房랿、ꆢ뷌教폽育、ꆢ튽医쇆疗ꆢ、퇸养샏老뫍和ퟓ子얮女뢧抚퇸养뗈等랽方쏦面뗄的럑费폃用。ꆣ떫但在퓚计볆划뮮经뺭济볃时쪱期웚，ꎬ第뗚二뛾?튻←5?5?一ꆪ?
캬웕톶 第뗚?22?卷뻭第뗚1?期웚?总ퟜ第뗚7?6?期웚??20?0?7?年쓪3?月퓂? ꎮ? 部늿럖分却좴人죋为캪地뗘与폫劳샍动뚯者헟为캪社짧会믡增퓶加볓的뗄价볛值횵(?即벴剩쪣余폠价볛值횵)?믬混볓加퓚在쇋了튻一웰起，ꎬ폃用폚于삩扩듳大퓙再짺生닺产뫍和횧支돖持庞엓大듳计볆划뮮?管맜샭理机믺웷器的뗄퓋运营펪。ꆣ而뛸在퓚由평计볆划뮮经뺭济볃向쿲市쫐场뎡经뺭济볃转变뇤后뫳，ꎬ웳企튵业횧支뢶付룸给샍劳뚯动헟者뗄的좴却폖又뷶仅뷶仅쫇是简볲떥单再퓙生짺产닺的뗄劳샍?动뚯놨报酬돪，ꎬ뛸而붫将쳥体쿖现샍劳뚯动헟者짧社믡会쫴属탔性볛价횵值뗄的늿部럖分뫍和쪣剩폠余볛价횵值튻一웰起맩归죫入쇋了ퟔ自벺己뗄的퇼腰냼包。ꆣ헢这뻍就是쫇我컒国맺劳샍动뚯者헟工릤?资쮮水平욽长뎤期웚偏욫低뗍的뗄原풭因틲，ꎬ튲也쫇是컒我国맺죋人力솦资本놾价볛值횵补늹偿뎥机믺制훆不늻健붡全좫的뗄根룹本놾表뇭现쿖。ꆣ?我컒国맺人죋솦力资本놾价볛值횵补늹偿뎥机믺制훆不늻健붡全좫，ꎬ늻不뷶仅횱直뷓接펰影쿬响ퟅ着죋人솦力资놾本价볛值횵实쪵现쿖的뗄程돌度뛈，ꎬ뛸而쟒且펰影쿬响ퟅ着新탂一튻轮싖?的뗄人죋솦力资놾本퓋运뚯动，ꎬ벴即탂新뗄的죋人솦力资놾本뗄的탎形돉成뫍和쪹使폃用ꆣ。샍劳뚯动헟者펦应폐有뗄的쪣剩余폠索쯷取좡权좨的뗄缺좱损쯰，ꎬ듳大듳大복减少짙了쇋劳샍动뚯者헟?的뗄收쫕入죫，ꎬ퇏严훘重펰影쿬响ퟅ着샍劳뚯动헟者훷主맛观쓜能뚯动탔性的뗄랢发믓挥，ꎬퟨ阻낭碍쇋了샍劳뚯动헟者춶投资죋人솦力资本놾的뗄积믽极벫性탔，ꎬ뷸进뛸而훆制풼约了쇋뛔对人죋力솦?资本놾的뗄投춶资和뫍人죋力솦资本놾的뗄形탎成돉。ꆣ?뛾二、ꆢ좷确솢立죋人솦力资놾本쫕收틦益좨权:ꎺ뛔对죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值뷸进탐行뫏合샭理늹补뎥偿뗄的룹根本놾途춾径뺶?以틔짏上럖分析컶表뇭明쏷，ꎬ샍劳뚯动헟者뗘地캻位탩虚뮯化폫与죋人솦力资놾本产닺权좨缺좱损쯰，ꎬ쫇是컒我맺国죋人솦力资놾本补늹偿뎥机믺制훆不늻健붡全좫的뗄根룹源풴所쯹在퓚。ꆣ?相쿠应펦地뗘，ꎬ좷确솢立죋人솦力资놾本쫕收틦益좨权，ꎬ퓲则쫇是뛔对죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值뷸进탐行뫏合샭理늹补뎥偿뗄的根룹놾本途춾径뺶。ꆣ而뛸人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯，ꎬ又폖是쫇?确좷立솢죋人力솦资本놾收쫕益틦权좨的뗄具뻟쳥体体쳥现쿖。ꆣ实쪵行탐人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯，ꎬ쫊适뫏合쫐市场뎡经뺭济볃中훐收쫕益틦分럖配엤的뗄基믹本놾规맦律싉，ꎬ也튲符럻合뫏?훐中国맺짧社会믡主훷义틥市쫐场뎡经뺭济볃条쳵件볾下쿂的뗄收쫕入죫分럖配엤原풭则퓲。ꆣ?人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯的뗄核뫋心탄，ꎬ뻍就쫇是냑把죋人力솦资놾本作ퟷ为캪重훘要튪的뗄生짺产닺要튪素쯘，ꎬ내按照헕一튻定뚨比뇈例샽参닎与폫剩쪣余폠价볛值횵的뗄分럖配엤。ꆣ?在퓚我컒国맺收쫕入죫分럖配엤制훆度뛈改룄革룯中훐，ꎬ펦应떱当맄鼓샸励죋人솦力资本놾股막权좨化뮯的뗄制훆度뛈创뒴新탂，ꎬ以틔真헦正헽实쪵现쿖人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨的뗄完췪整헻性탔，ꎬ?进뷸而뛸促듙进뷸人죋力솦资本놾形탎成돉及벰提쳡高룟人죋力솦资本놾的뗄效킧率싊。ꆣ?我컒国맺当떱前잰以틔릫公有폐制훆为캪主훷、ꆢ뛠多훖种쯹所폐有훆制탎形쪽式늢并듦存뗄的쯹所폐有훆制뷡结릹构，ꎬ뻶决뚨定쇋了뛠多훖种럖分엤配랽方쪽式쿠相뷡结뫏合的뗄分럖配엤结뷡?릹构。ꆣ《ꆶ훐中릲共훐中퇫央맘关폚于붨建솢立짧社믡会훷主틥义쫐市뎡场뺭经볃济쳥体훆制죴若룉干컊问쳢题뗄的뻶决뚨定》ꆷ훐中횸指돶出ꎺ"ꆰ룶个죋人쫕收죫入럖分엤配튪要볡坚持돖以틔按내劳샍?分럖配엤为캪主훷体쳥、ꆢ多뛠种훖分럖配엤形탎式쪽并늢存듦的制뗄度훆，뛈体ꎬ쳥现效쿖率킧优싊先폅、쿈兼ꆢ顾볦公맋平릫的욽原뗄则풭。.퓲.ꆣ.ꆭ.ꆭ.퓊.탭允쫴许属폚于룶个죋人뗄的资놾本뗈等生짺?닺产要튪素쯘参닎与폫收쫕益틦分럖配엤。ꆣꆱ"떳党뗄的쪮十쇹六듳大폖又쏷明좷确쳡提돶出쇋了ꆰ"내按샍劳럖分엤配폫与내按짺生닺产튪要쯘素럖分配엤쿠相结뷡合뫏"ꆱ뗄的럖分엤配랽方쪽式。ꆣ这헢?쫇是符럻合뫏中훐国맺国맺情쟩的뗄。ꆣ社짧会믡主훷义틥市쫐场뎡经뺭济볃发랢展햹的뗄要튪求쟳，ꎬ뻶决뚨定쇋了샻利틦益뷡结构릹的뗄多뛠元풪化뮯，ꎬ듓从뛸而튲也뻶决뚨定了쇋내按要튪素쯘分럖?配엤的뗄必뇘然좻性탔和뫍合뫏理샭性탔。ꆣ?所쯹캽谓按내要튪素쯘分럖配엤，ꎬ쫇是내按헕照룷各짺生닺产튪要쯘素퓚在짌商욷品짺生닺产뫍和샍劳컱务럾服컱务맽过돌程훐中쯹所춶投죫入뗄的比뇈샽例뫍和贡릱쿗献的뗄大듳小킡给룸予폨?相쿠应펦的뗄报놨酬돪，ꎬ벴即샍劳뚯动솦力、ꆢ췁土뗘地ꆢ、资놾本뫍和웳企튵业볒家닅才쓜能뗈等훮诸뛠多짺生닺产튪要쯘素릲共同춬参닎与폫收쫕益틦分럖配엤;ꎻ或믲者헟说쮵，ꎬ내按죋人솦力资本놾?在퓚社짧믡会财닆富뢻创뒴퓬造过맽程돌中훐的뗄贡릱献쿗大듳小킡，ꎬ컯物솦力资놾本퓚在볛价횵值뒴创퓬造뫍和쪵实쿖现맽过돌程훐中뗄的쳵条볾件ퟷ作폃用来살럖分配엤。ꆣ基믹于폚人죋力솦资?本놾的뗄特쳘殊쫢性탔(?벴即퓚在웤其쪹使폃用볛价횵值놻被쿻消뫄耗的뗄过맽돌程中훐，ꎬ쯼它쓜能릻够뒴创퓬造돶出뇈比自ퟔ짭身价볛횵值更룼大듳的뗄价볛值횵)?벰及웤其퓚在볛价值횵创뒴造퓬中훐?的뗄决뻶定뚨作ퟷ用폃(?벴即죋人솦力资本놾的뗄劳샍动뚯力솦本놾质훊，ꎬ쫇是볛价值횵和뫍剩쪣余폠价볛值횵的뗄真헦正헽来살源풴)?，ꎬ뇊笔헟者죏认캪为ꎬ，죋人솦力资놾本쯹所폐有헟者在퓚出돶?죃让其웤人죋力솦资놾本使쪹用폃权좨，ꎬ늢并춨通맽过뢶付돶出ퟔ自짭身샍劳뚯动뷸进탐行짌商욷品짺生닺产믲或劳샍务컱服럾务컱之횮后뫳，ꎬ늻不뷶仅펦应떱当뗃得떽到쿠相当떱于폚劳샍动뚯力솦?볛价值횵或믲价볛格룱的뗄、ꆢ폃用살来캬维뮤护죋人솦力资놾本퓙再짺生닺产的뗄工릤资部늿分럖，ꎬ뮹还펦应떱当욾凭뷨借웤其뛔对自ퟔ身짭人죋力솦资本놾的뗄所쯹有폐权좨，ꎬ与폫웤其他쯻要튪?쯘素所쯹有폐者헟一튻样퇹，ꎬ닎参폫与쪣剩폠余쫕收틦益뗄的럖分엤配。ꆣ퓚在헢这种훖情쟩况뿶下쿂，ꎬ틔以샍劳뚯动솦力资놾本뮯化캪为基믹础뒡的뗄人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯，ꎬ뻍就成돉为캪?뫏合理샭分럖配엤剩쪣余폠收쫕益틦的뗄必뇘要튪前잰提쳡，ꎬ这헢也튲有폐利샻于폚促듙进뷸按내要튪素쯘分럖配엤方랽式쪽的뗄实쪵现쿖。ꆣ?人죋솦力资놾本的뗄股막权좨化뮯符럻合뫏按내生짺产닺要튪素쯘分럖配엤的뗄基믹本놾原풭则퓲，ꎬ떫但튲也并늢不늻违캥背놳按내劳샍分럖配엤的뗄原풭则퓲。ꆣ恰잡恰잡相쿠反랴，ꎬ它쯼?更룼뫃好地뗘쳥体现쿖了쇋按내劳샍分럖配엤即벴按내照헕劳샍动뚯贡릱献쿗的뗄大듳小킡取좡酬돪，ꎬ뗈等솿量샍劳뚯动쇬领좡取뗈等솿量놨报돪酬뗄的풭原퓲则。ꆣ내按劳샍分럖配엤与폫按내要튪素쯘?分럖配엤相쿠结뷡合뫏，ꎬ퓚在죋人솦力资놾本股막权좨化뮯的뗄条쳵件볾下쿂达듯到떽了쇋内쓚在퓚的뗄统춳一튻。ꆣ?实쪵行탐人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯，ꎬ体쳥现쿖了쇋"ꆰ킧效싊率폅优쿈先、ꆢ볦兼맋顾릫公욽平ꆱ"뗄的풭原퓲则ꆣ。쫗首쿈先ꎬ，죋人솦力资놾本뗄的막股좨权뮯化쳥体쿖现쇋了킧效싊率优폅?先쿈，ꎬ틔以듙促뷸进뺭经볃济킧效싊率뗄的쳡提룟高캪为훷主튪要目쒿的뗄。ꆣ收쫕入죫分럖配엤的뗄"ꆰ킧效싊率폅优先쿈"ꆱ풭原퓲则ꎬ，뻍就쫇是튪要쟳求쫕收죫入럖分엤配랽方쪽式쓜能릻够使쪹劳샍?动뚯者헟的뗄积믽极벫性탔、ꆢ뒴创퓬造탔性뗃得떽到돤充럖分벤激랢发，ꎬ웤其쯻他짺生닺产튪要쯘素뗃得떽到돤充럖分利샻用폃，ꎬ듯达떽到쳡提룟高짺生产닺效킧率싊，ꎬ쪵实쿖现ퟮ最병佳뺭经济볃效킧?益틦的뗄目쒿뇪标。ꆣ퓚在뛔对룶个人죋收쫕益틦进뷸行탐分럖配엤时쪱，ꎬ킧效싊率폅优쿈先풭原퓲则쒬默죏认늻不춬同뗈等뗄的룶个죋人쳬天뢳赋뫍和릤工ퟷ作쓜能솦力퓚在收쫕入죫分럖配엤上짏的뗄?差닮뇰别，ꎬ튪要쟳求틔以샍劳뚯动릱贡쿗献뗄的듳大킡小ꆢ、뒴创퓬造볛价횵值뗄的뛠多짙少살来럖分엤配짧社믡会쫕收죫入ꎬ"ꆰ퓊允탭许튻一部늿分럖人죋先쿈富뢻起웰来살"ꆱꆣ。뛸而내按죋人力솦资?本놾볛价值횵不늻同춬来살确좷定뚨其웤参닎与폫剩쪣余폠收쫕益틦分럖配엤的뗄份럝额뛮，ꎬ헽正쫇是죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权뮯化뗄的놾本훊质튪要쟳求ꆣ。죋人솦力资本놾股막权좨化뮯能쓜够릻?벫极大듳뗘地调뗷动뚯人죋力솦资本놾所쯹有폐者헟的뗄工릤作ퟷ积믽极벫性탔与폫创뒴造퓬性탔，ꎬ듙促뷸进짧社믡会죋人솦力资놾本뗄的탎形돉成和뫍짧社会믡生짺产닺效킧率싊的뗄极벫大듳提쳡?튻튻--5?6?一ꆪ?
?캬웕톶 뚭쏮쇤ꎮ뛔컒맺죋솦놾볛횵늹뎥믺훆컊쳢뗄첽쳖?’ 董妙龄·对我国人力资本价值补偿机制问题的探讨룟高。ꆣ其웤次듎，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本뗄的막股좨权뮯化볦兼맋顾릫公욽平，ꎬ뇜避쏢免늻不릫公욽平럖分엤配퓬造돉成뗄的욶贫富뢻탼悬쫢殊。ꆣ人죋力솦资本놾的뗄股막权좨化뮯，ꎬ늢并늻不排업除돽?"ꆰ볦兼맋顾릫公욽平ꆱ"풭原퓲则ꆣ。내按죋人솦力资놾本뫍和컯物솦力资놾本뗄的릱贡쿗献좡取돪酬，ꎬ뿉可틔以뇜避쏢免뛠多훖种쯹所폐有훆制늢并듦存状ힴ态첬下쿂由평于폚"ꆰ资本놾雇맍佣펶?劳샍뚯动"ꆱ뛸而닺产짺生뗄的컯物솦力资놾本쯹所폐有헟者뛠多占햼(?짵甚훁至뛀独햼占?)쪣剩폠余쫕收틦益뗄的늻不릫公욽平쿖现쿳象ꆣ。헢这뿉可틔以퓚在튻一뚨定돌程뛈度짏上降붵低뗍以틔至훁?쿻消除돽收쫕入죫分럖配엤不늻公릫平욽的뗄心탄理샭成돉本놾。ꆣ另쇭外췢，ꎬ还뮹应펦当떱通춨过맽不늻断뛏完췪善짆社짧会믡保놣障헏体쳥系쾵(养?퇸老샏保놣险쿕、ꆢ失쪧业튵保놣险쿕、ꆢ医튽疗쇆?保놣险쿕、ꆢ짺生폽育놣保쿕险?)뫍和볓加잿强램法싉律볠监뚽督뗈等쫖手뛎段ꎬ，뛔对좫全짧社믡会뗄的쫕收죫入럖分엤配뷸进탐行퓙再뗷调뷚节ꎬ，뇜避쏢免늻不뫏合샭理쫕收틦益럖分엤配造퓬成돉的뗄?贫욶富뢻悬탼殊쫢现쿖象쿳，ꎬ듙促쪹使뫏合샭理收쫕益틦分럖配엤方랽式쪽下쿂的뗄收쫕入죫公릫平욽化뮯，ꎬ促듙进뷸人죋力솦资本놾的뗄形탎成돉。ꆣ?三죽、ꆢ죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权뮯化뗄的基믹本놾原풭则퓲?实쪵行탐人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯，ꎬ펦应룃该ퟱ遵톭循以틔쿂下죽三个룶基믹本놾原풭则퓲ꎺz??1ꎮ.훊质솿量틲因쯘素헻整뫏合샠类탍型쟸区럖分풭原则퓲?实쪵탐行人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯，ꎬ펦应룃该ퟱ遵톭循훊质솿量틲因쯘素헻整뫏合샠类탍型쟸区럖分풭原퓲则ꆣ。죋人솦力资놾本훊质솿量틲因素쯘늻不同춬的뗄整헻合뫏或믲人죋力솦?资本놾不늻同춬质훊量솿因틲素쯘的뗄整헻合뫏，ꎬ形탎成돉不늻同춬的뗄人죋力솦资本놾类샠型탍。ꆣ?不늻是쫇쯹所有폐类샠型탍的뗄人죋力솦资本놾都뚼能쓜够릻实쪵行탐股막权좨化뮯。ꆣ一튻般냣来살讲붲，ꎬ技벼能쓜型탍人죋力솦资本놾、ꆢ맜管샭理탍型죋人솦力资놾本和뫍企웳业튵?家볒型탍人죋力솦资本놾，ꎬ뚼都쓜能릻够쪵实탐行막股좨权뮯化ꆣ。훁至폚于쒳某튻一룶个벼技쓜能탍型죋人솦力资本놾的뗄所쯹有폐者헟、ꆢ맜管샭理탍型죋人솦力资놾本的뗄쯹所有폐者헟和뫍?企웳业튵家볒型탍人죋力솦资本놾的뗄所쯹有폐者헟，ꎬ퓚在튻一룶个企웳튵业占햼有폐多뛠少짙股막权좨，ꎬ펦应룃该쫓视웤其쯹所拥펵폐有的뗄技벼能쓜型탍人죋力솦资本놾、ꆢ맜管理샭型탍人죋力솦?资本놾和뫍企웳业튵家볒型탍人죋力솦资本놾的뗄质훊量솿因틲素쯘水쮮平욽而뛸决뻶定뚨。ꆣ一튻般냣人죋力솦资本놾则퓲不늻必뇘实쪵行탐股막权좨化뮯。ꆣ??2.ꎮ人죋力솦资本놾岗룚位캻区쟸分럖原풭则퓲?人죋力솦资本놾岗룚位캻区쟸分럖原풭则퓲，ꎬ就뻍是쫇根룹据뻝人죋力솦资本놾在퓚企웳业튵中훐的뗄岗룚位캻区쟸分럖，ꎬ确좷定뚨能쓜否럱实쪵行탐股막权좨化뮯。ꆣ?企웳业튵中훐不늻同춬的뗄岗룚位캻，ꎬ탨需튪要늻不춬同뗄的죋人솦力资本놾。ꆣ处뒦在퓚一튻般냣岗룚位캻上짏的뗄人죋力솦资本놾，ꎬ其웤投춶入죫和뫍报놨酬돪容죝易틗量솿化뮯，ꎬ采닉?用폃按내劳샍좡取酬돪的뗄方랽式쪽对뛔人죋力솦资本놾的뗄使쪹用폃进뷸行탐补늹偿뎥就뻍可뿉以틔了쇋，ꎬ늻不뇘必쪵实탐行막股좨权뮯化ꆣ。뛸而뒦处퓚在웳企튵业맘关键볼技벼术쫵岗룚位캻的뗄?人죋力솦资놾本、ꆢ훘重튪要맜管샭理룚岗캻位뗄的죋人솦力资놾本ꎬ，웤其쯹所폐有헟者ퟷ作폃用랢发믓挥뗃得죧如뫎何ꎬ，잣牵짦涉떽到웳企튵业뻖局늿部믲或헻整쳥体뗄的킭协同춬效킧应펦问컊?题쳢，ꎬ짵甚훁至맘关쾵系떽到튻一룶个웳企튵业뗄的돉成냜败뫍和잰前춾途쏼命运퓋。ꆣ处뒦在퓚这헢些킩岗룚位캻的뗄人죋力솦资本놾，ꎬ其웤投춶入죫和뫍报놨酬돪不늻容죝易틗量솿化뮯，ꎬ采닉用폃?简볲떥单的뗄내按劳샍取좡酬돪方랽式쪽对뛔人죋力솦资本놾的뗄使쪹用폃进뷸行탐补늹偿뎥很뫜困삧难쓑。ꆣ因틲此듋，ꎬ为캪了쇋调뗷动뚯处뒦在퓚企웳业튵中훐的뗄关맘键볼技벼术쫵岗룚位캻、ꆢ?훘重要튪管맜理샭岗룚位캻的뗄人죋力솦资本놾所쯹有폐者헟的뗄积믽极벫性탔，可ꎬ뿉以틔对뛔其웤实쪵行탐股막权좨化뮯，或ꎬ믲者헟年쓪薪킽制훆。ꆣ?3?.ꎮ资놾本效킧益틦区쟸分럖原풭则퓲?죋人力솦资本놾效킧益틦区쟸分럖原풭则퓲，ꎬ훷主튪要쫇是룹根뻝据죋人솦力资놾本퓚在웳企튵业훐中닺产짺生뗄的킧效틦益쟩情뿶况쟸区럖分쪵实탐行막股좨权뮯化的뗄죋人力솦资本놾?쯹所有폐者헟持돖股막多뛠少짙，ꎬ틔以벰及죧如何뫎变뇤化뮯人죋力솦资本놾所쯹有폐者헟所쯹持돖股막份럝。ꆣ?人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯的뗄核뫋心탄，ꎬ쫇是죋人솦力资놾本막股份럝、ꆢ막股좨权ꆢ、막股샻利뗄的폐有믺机춳统튻一ꆣ。죋人솦力资놾本쯹所폐有헟者폐有쇋了죋人솦力资本놾股막?份럝，ꎬ쿠相펦应뗘地뻍就펦应폐有죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权，ꎬ춬同쪱时튲也뻍就뿉可쓜能폐有죋人솦力资놾本股막利샻;ꎻ죋人솦力资놾本쯹所폐有者헟有폐多뛠少짙人죋力솦资本놾股막份럝，ꎬ?相쿠应펦地뗘就뻍应펦该룃有폐多뛠少짙股막权좨和뫍股막利샻。ꆣ因틲此듋，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权뮯化뛔对죋人力솦资本놾价볛值횵补늹偿뎥来살说쮵是쫇重훘要튪的뗄，ꎬ对뛔企웳业튵来살?讲붲也튲是쫇重훘要튪的뗄。ꆣ对뛔人죋力솦资本놾所쯹有폐者헟来살说쮵，ꎬ人죋力솦资本놾股막权좨化뮯就뻍是쫇人죋力솦资本놾股막份럝、股ꆢ막权좨、ꆢ股막利샻的뗄取좡得뗃;ꎻ뛔对企웳业튵?来살讲붲，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本股막权좨化뮯就뻍是쫇人죋力솦资本놾股막份럝、股ꆢ막权좨、ꆢ股막利샻的뗄付뢶出돶。ꆣ?运퓋用폃类샠型탍区쟸分럖原풭则퓲或믲者헟岗룚位캻区쟸分럖原풭则퓲，ꎬ뿉可틔以쟸区럖分쓄哪킩些죋人솦力资놾本쓜能릻够쪵实탐行막股좨权뮯化ꆣ。퓚在샻利폃用类샠型탍区쟸分럖原풭?则퓲、ꆢ룚岗캻位쟸区럖分풭原퓲则좷确뚨定쇋了죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权뮯化틔以뫳后ꎬ，뿉可틔以샻利폃用킧效틦益쟸区럖分풭原퓲则뫢衡솿量죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权뮯化的뗄结뷡果맻。ꆣ但떫?是쫇，ꎬ폐有쪱时뫲候ꎬ，킧效틦益쟸区럖分풭原퓲则뿉可틔以ퟷ作캪为샻利폃用샠类탍型쟸区럖分풭原퓲则ꆢ、룚岗캻位쟸区럖分풭原퓲则좷确뚨定죋人솦力资놾本막股좨权뮯化뗄的튻一룶个쿈先决뻶条쳵?件볾，ꎬ뻶决뚨定ퟅ着죋人솦力资놾本쓜能럱否샻利폃用샠类탍型区쟸럖分풭原퓲则、ꆢ룚岗캻位쟸区럖分풭原퓲则뷸进탐行죋人솦力资本놾股막权좨化뮯。ꆣ可뿉见볻，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本막股权좨化뮯?的뗄샠类型탍区쟸分럖原풭则퓲、ꆢ룚岗位캻区쟸分럖原풭则퓲与폫效킧益틦区쟸分럖原풭则퓲，ꎬ既볈是쫇相쿠对뛔独뛀立솢的뗄，ꎬ又폖是쫇相쿠互뮥联솪系쾵的뗄。ꆣ?四쯄、ꆢ췪完짆善죋人솦力资놾本닺产좨权놣保护뮤体쳥系쾵?产닺权좨的뗄实쪵质훊是쫇围캧绕죆某쒳一튻经뺭济볃品욷而뛸发랢生짺的뗄人죋与폫人죋之횮间볤的뗄责퓰权좨利샻关맘系쾵。ꆣ人죋力솦资本놾作ퟷ为캪一튻种훖资本놾，ꎬ同춬物컯力솦?资本놾一튻样퇹存듦在퓚产닺权좨归맩属쫴及벰产닺权좨保놣护뮤问컊题쳢。ꆣ?人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨关맘系쾵的뗄规맦范랶、ꆢ퓋运탐行벰及웤其쪵实쿖现맽过돌程ꎬ，횱直뷓接뻶决뚨定ퟅ着죋人솦力资놾本쪹使폃用킧效쓜能뗄的쪵实쿖现돌程度뛈。ꆣ人죋力솦资?튻??ꆪ?
캬웕톶 都辈揍警报第22卷第1期总第76期2007年3月 本놾产닺权좨的뗄确좷立솢可뿉以틔提쳡高룟人죋力솦资本놾投춶资的뗄热죈情쟩，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本닺产좨权关맘系쾵的뗄妥췗善짆处뒦理샭，ꎬ뿉可틔以캪为죋人솦力资本놾形탎成돉不늻断뛏?注힢入죫新탂的뗄活믮力솦。ꆣ为캪了쇋确좷立솢人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨，ꎬ妥췗善짆处뒦理샭人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨关맘系쾵，ꎬ应펦该룃完췪善짆人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨保놣护뮤体쳥系쾵。ꆣ?完췪善짆人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨保놣护뮤体쳥系쾵，ꎬ폐有삵颇于폚国맺家볒及벰政헾府뢮的뗄力솦量솿、ꆢ죕日뎣常짧社믡会行탐为캪规맦范랶及벰通춨行탐的뗄道뗀德뗂伦싗理샭规맦范랶。ꆣ?国맺家볒应펦룃该制훆定뚨有폐关맘的뗄法램律싉，ꎬ헾政뢮府펦应룃该훆制뚨定쿠相맘关맦规헂章ꎬ，퓋运폃用짧社믡会뗄的솦力솿量붨建솢立쿠相펦应뗄的탐行캪为맦规랶范벰及通춨行탐的뗄道뗀德뗂?伦싗理샭规맦范랶。ꆣ用폃램法律싉规맦范랶人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨及벰其웤保놣护뮤的뗄内쓚容죝，ꎬ폃用헾政뢮府规맦헂章规맦制훆人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨保놣护뮤的뗄行탐为캪，ꎬ用폃社짧?会믡行탐为캪맦规范랶벰及춨通탐行뗄的뗀道뗂德싗伦샭理맦规랶范살来틽引떼导죋人쏇们뛔对죋人솦力资놾本벰及웤其닺产좨权的뗄思쮼想쿫态첬度뛈和뫍日죕常뎣行탐为캪。ꆣ要튪提쳡高룟人죋?们쏇对뛔人죋力솦资本놾产닺权좨及벰价볛值횵补늹偿뎥重훘要튪性탔的뗄认죏识쪶，ꎬ볓加잿强죋人솦力资놾本产닺좨权保놣护뮤，ꎬ얬努솦力룄改짆善죋人솦力资놾本价볛值횵补늹偿뎥机믺制훆?不늻健붡全좫的뗄状ힴ况뿶。ꆣ?此듋外췢，ꎬ뮹还펦应떱当抓뷴紧훆制뚨定뿆科톧学뫏合샭理뗄的죋人솦力资本놾衡뫢量솿标뇪准ힼ、ꆢ죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值评움价볛标뇪准ힼ和뫍评움价볛体쳥系쾵，ꎬ建붨立솢相쿠应펦?的뗄짧社会믡评움价볛机믺构릹，ꎬ춬同쪱时뮹还튪要뷸进튻一늽步퇐研究뺿确좷立솢科뿆学톧合뫏理샭的뗄人죋力솦资本놾价볛值횵补늹偿뎥方랽略싔。ꆣ?参닎考뾼文컄献쿗:ꎺ?[?I?J?潘엋晨뎿光맢.ꎮ죋人닅才蓝삶皮욤书쫩?一一中훐国맺人죋才닅发랢展햹报놨告룦[?M?]?.ꎮ놱北京뺩zꎺ社짧会믡科뿆学톧文컄献쿗出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ2?0?0?4?.ꎮ?[?2?J?本놾书쫩编뇠写킴组ퟩ.ꎮ톧学习쾰十쪮뷬届全좫国맺죋人大듳三죽次듎会믡议틩文컄件볾问컊答듰[?M?]?.ꎮ北놱京뺩zꎺ中훐共릲中훐央퇫党떳校킣出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ2?0?0?5?.?[?3?J?年쓪志횾远풶.ꎮ죋人솦力资本놾产닺좨权与폫国맺有폐企웳业튵所쯹有폐权좨安낲排업[?M?]?.ꎮ北놱京뺩tꎺ经뺭济볃科뿆学톧出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ2?0?0?4?.ꎮ?[?4?J?孙쯯玉폱甫뢦.ꎮ人죋力솦资产닺定뚨价볛[?M?]?.ꎮ上짏海몣zꎺ立솢信탅会믡汁볆出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ?20?0?5?.ꎮ?[?5?J?顾맋琴쟙轩탹.ꎮ人죋力솦资本놾볛价值횵与폫收쫕入죫分럖配엤[?M?]?.ꎮ上짏海몣zꎺ뮪华东뚫理샭工?大듳学톧出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ2?0?0?4?.ꎮ?[?6?J?李샮玉폱江붭.ꎮ区쟸域폲죋人솦力资本놾研퇐究뺿[?M?]?.ꎮ北놱京뺩zꎺ뿆科学톧出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ?20?0?5?.ꎮ??E?x?p?l?o?r?a?ti?o??n? o??n? ??????????????????????????????????????????Issues of Compensation Mechanism of Human ?C?a?pi?t?a?I?? ?V?a?lu?e?? ?????????in China D??O?NG?? ?Mi?a?o?卢??l?i?n?g??C?B?e?ij?i?n?g? ?I?n?s?ti?t?u?t?e?? o?f?? ?Ec??on?o??mi?c?? M??a?na??g?e?m?e?n?t,ꎬ B??ei?j?i?n?g? 1??0?01?0?2?,ꎬ C?h?i?n?a?)?? ?A?b?s?t?r?a?c?t:ꎺ ?W?h?e?th??e?r? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꆪ?human capital value can be compensated reasonably not only impacts the realizing de›?g?re??e? ?of?? ?hu??m?a?n? c??a?p?i?t?al? ?v?a?l?ue?? ?di??re?c??tl?y?ꎬ, b??u?t? a?l?s?o? a??f?fe??c?t?s? ?ne??w? r?o??un??d? ?hu??ma?n?? ?c?ap??i?ta??l m??o?v?e?m?e?n?t? ?a?s? c??al??l?e?d? ?a?s? ?????????????????????????????????????????????ꎮ??????????ꎬ??????????????????????????????????ꆯ??formation and application of new human capital. At present, the compensating mechanism of China’s h??um?a?n?? c??a?pi?ta?l? ???ꆯ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????isn’t perfect and there is no positive correlativity between human capital value and income ??????????ꎮ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꆯ??????????????????????????distribution. The foundation of imperfect compensating mechanism of China’s human capital lies on the ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꎮ??????????????????????????????ꆪ?status emptiness of workers and property right defect of human capital. Establishing corresponding ben›?ef??i?t? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꎮ????????right of human capital is the ultimate path to compensate human capital value reasonably. Further ????ꎬ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꎮ?more, human capital stakeholder is concrete manifestation to establishing benefit right of human capital. T?h??e? ?m?ai??n? s??ub??j?e?c?t?s? ?o?f? ?s?ta??ke?h??ol??d?e?r? ?o?f? ?hu??m?a?n? ?c?a?p?i?t?a?l ?a?re?? ?t?ho??se?? ?hu??m?a?n? ?c?a?p?i?ta??l ?h?ol??d?e?r?s? ?wh??o? ?ha??v?e? ?t?he?? ?c?ru?c?i?a??l ?te??c?hn??i?qu??e? ?j?o?b?s? ?a?n?d? ?v?i?ta??l? ?m?an??a?g?e?m?e?n?t ?p?o?si??t?i?o?n?s? i?n? ?e?nt?e?r?p??ri?s?e?s?.ꎮ ?At? ?t?he?? s??a?m?e? ?ti?me?,ꎬ ?p?r?o?te??c?t?i?n?g? s??y?s?te??m? ?o?f? ?hu??ma?n?? ?c?a?p?i?ta?l? ?p?r?o?p?e?r?t?y? ?r?i?g?h?t? ?s?h?o?u?l?d? ?b?e? ?e?m?ph?a?s?i?ze??d? ?a?nd?? ?p?e?rf?e??c?te??d.ꎮ? ?K?ey?? ?w?o?r?d?s:ꎺ ?h?u?ma?n?? ?c?a?p?i?t?a?l ?v?a?l?u?e;ꎻ ?hu??m?a?n? ?c?a?p?i?t?a?l ?p?r?o?p?e?r?t?y? ?r?i?g?h?t;ꎻ ?c?o?m?p?e?n?s?a?t?i?n?g? ?m?e?c?h?a?n?i?s?m;ꎻ ?s?ta??ke?h??o?l?d?e?r? ????????????????of human capital ?(퓰责죎任뇠编벭辑?얷欧阳퇴新탂年쓪)?ꆫ?5?8ꆫ二?
