CAREERS INLOGISTICS¤
Introduction1The Nature and Importance of Logistics2TABLE OFWhat is logistics?2How important is logistics?3What is the role of logistics in the organization?4CONTENTSWho works in logistics management? 4Salary Information 5Do logistics managers earn high salaries?5Why are there such wide salary ranges? 6How can I estimate my earnings potential? 6Are benefits important? 6Where the Jobs Are 7What kinds of organizations employ logistics managers?7What is the most common career path in logistics? 7Where do new logistics managers get started? 9What skills do logistics managers need? 10Job Profiles 11Analyst12Consultant 13Customer Service Manager 14International Logistics Manager 15Inventory Control Manager 16Logistics Engineer 17Logistics Manager 18Logistics Services Salesperson19 Logistics Software Manager 20Materials Manager 21Production Manager 22Purchasing Manager 23Supply Chain Manager 24Systems Support Manager (MIS)25Transportation Manager 26Vendor Managed Inventory Coordinator27Warehouse Operations Manager 28Education and Training Required 29Is a college degree essential for a career in logistics management?29How important is a graduate degree? 29What if I haven’t completed a college degree?30What type of experience/training should I obtain?30 What should I do if I already have a degree? 31Where Can I Go For Additional Information? 31Council of Logistics Management 32
BLANKPAGE
!!ARTXEDEILA HSICTISGOLREERA CTOent HmSyAplomet sergt n ladlleneoccx seers effethos––s-teceisticangto SavLddites ane Uidevh tro pdr intonager. acaners,so moves dctineepsp oro,see pd rianla thmatoesdt ities anre gorutch su re ineent oppreram Crters aopeanag Rmdlrs oticisgoLs and Wve weine haN . Umthoan bmtoah Wdr tnearee adt ciuoG hs as aicistg loditecINTRODUCTIONIf this headline looks too good to be true, think again! Logistics managementoffers everything that you want in a career—job openings at all levels, excellentsalaries, upward mobility, exciting responsibilities and worldwide opportunitieswithin the function and throughout the company. This booklet is designed toprovide you with an introduction to the field of logistics and an overview ofthe career opportunities that await order to make the best decision about a career, you need to understandyour interests, abilities, and goals. You need to know about possible careeroptions as well. This booklet will address many of your questions about logis-ticscareer options. It contains information related to the future demand forlogisticsmanagers, potential career paths that match your qualifications andinterests, education and training requirements, and compensation booklet is presented in a “Question and Answer” format so that you canaccess information quickly. However, we suggest that you take the time toread the entire booklet as it is full of valuable material. If you finish thisbooklet and still have additional questions, talk to your professors, careercounselors, and logistics professionals in your area. They will help you deter-mine if logistics management is the career for you!Careers in Logisticswas written by Brian Gibson, Marcia Gibson, and SteveRutner of Georgia Southern University and published by the Council ofLogistics Management (CLM). The information contained in the booklet isbased on a combination of existing information and interviews with nearly500 logistics professionals from all over the United States. This diverse groupof 329 men and 150 women provided a great deal of insight regarding theircareer experiences for your authors and CLM would like to thank all of the companies, individuals,and CLM Roundtables (local chapters of CLM) who shared their time andexpertise on this project. Special thanks are in order for the Careers in Logisticscommittee members—Rhoda Isaacs, . James, Inc., Chairperson; Kelly , Payless Cashways; Terry La Barge, Kraft Foods; Andrea Pike, AlrodInternational, Inc.; James Seber, Seber Logistics Consulting, Inc.; and AndreaManning, Council of Logistics Management—for their dedication to producingan informative, high-quality IN LOGISTICS1
THE NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF LOGISTICSWhat is logistics?Logistics is the universal thread or “pipeline” that plans and coordinates thedelivery of products and services to customers all over the world (see diagrambelow). Logistics professionals manage and coordinate activities in this globalpipeline to ensure an effective and efficient flow of materials and informationfrom the time a need arises until it is satisfied and beyond. Some of the manyactivitiesinvolved in logistics include:customer servicewarehousinginventory controltransportationmaterials handlingforecastingpurchasingstrategic planningThe goal of these logistics activities is to satisfy the needs of the ultimateconsumer—you. Simply stated, logistics managers ensure that…...the right product,in the rightquantity,in the right condition,is deliveredto the right customerat the right place,at the right time,at the right more comprehensive definition of logistics adopted by CLM includesinbound, outbound, internal, and external movements: “Logistics is that partof the supply chain process that plans, implements, and controls the efficient,effective flow and storageof goods, services, and related information from thepoint of origin to the point of consumption to meet customers’ requirements.”Logistics is involved every time you purchase a product, whether it’s food,medicine, or clothing. It doesn’t matter how you shop—at a store, by mail order,through direct sales, or via the Internet—you are being served by the logisticspipeline outlined below. The items you purchase have been transported frommanufacturers near and far to get to you—and logistics professionals havemanaged each of these the last shirt that you purchased. The cotton may have been grownand processed in Georgia. Then it was shipped to South Korea where it was spuninto fabric. The bolts of fabric were sent to Guatemala for cutting and assem-bly. The completed shirt was then transported to the . retailer that sold itto you. And, that’s not all! The buttons, thread, packaging, and labels all wentthrough similar international logistical paths to become part of your shirt as product in your home has in some way been touched by this incrediblefield. Pick up a soft drink, styling gel, a computer, or a CD player and considerthe path each of these items has traveled to get to you. You’ve been dependingon logistics all of your life to provide the best that the world has to offer. 2
How important is logistics? Logistics has a huge impact on the domestic and global facilitates market exchanges, provides a major source of employment,and is a major purchaser of assets and materials. In the process of theseactivities, organizations in the United States spend nearly $800 billiononlogistics each year—up from $678 billion in 1990. That is nearly three timesthe combined annual revenues of General Motors, IBM, and Proctor & Gamble!“As a combat armsWorldwide, more than $ trillionis spent annually on logistics and theamount will grow with the continued expansion of the global , I learned Logistics is of critical importance to human logistics systemearly on that it’s theprovides the continuous availability of food, water, medicine, and other keylogisticians that getmaterials that you need to survive. A prime example is the food you ate atyou to the battle your last meal. It’s very likely that the materials used to prepare that mealcame quite a distance…perhaps from the other side of the planet! In orderand sustain you in for that meal to fulfill your needs, you were dependent on logistics profes-the battle.”sionals to provide safe storage and transportation of those items.— General Colin PowellLogistics greatly impacts our quality of logistics industry employsFormer Chairman,people worldwide, providing a cost-effective means of distributing goods locallyJoint Chiefs of Staffand globally. The more affordable the goods, the higher the standard of livingfor you. Consider the last pair of athletic shoes that you purchased. Theywere probably manufactured in Southeast Asia, yet the exact pair (the rightsize, color, and style) that you wanted was available for purchase the day youwalked into the affects our success in a wide variety of greatlyimpacts activities other than the flow of industrial and consumer are just a few examples:Relief organizations like the American Red Cross Disaster Service and theInternational Red Cross provide logistics support in life-threatening situationssuch as floods, hurricanes, and earthquakes. They operate like a huge mobilewarehouse, setting up temporary facilities and shelters on a moment’s noticeto efficiently distribute food, supplies, and equipment to disaster . military relies on logistics to determine the feasibility of a mission—whether it is military or humanitarian in nature. Logistics also provides theflexibility to move personnel, equipment, and supplies wherever they are neededin the productions like rock concerts and sporting events also require than $25 million was spent on logistics for the Summer Olympic Gamesin Atlanta, Georgia. During the Games, more than 1,200 logistics staff memberswere needed to receive, set up, resupply, and recover assets at 143 competitionvenues, training facilities, and other
What is the role of logistics in the organization?Logistics is critical to the success of every organization. Once considered an important, behind-the-scenes operational activity, logistics is now recognizedasa strategic tool for creating customer value and loyalty. Companies like Wal-Mart, Coca Cola, and Nike attribute a great deal of their success to theirglobal logisticssystems. They realize that integrating activities within the“The good news is organization and across the logistics pipeline, building strong relationships with product suppliers, and working with customer-focused logistics servicethat logistics is providers are all critical to building a competitive advantage through logistics. now becoming aThe scope of opportunities for logistics professionals is Logistics managers are involved in boundary and organization-spanningteams, strategicplanning, alliance building, and a host of other activities thatas opposed to a directly impact the success of their organizations worldwide. Because theseloading dock function.”roles are expanding, a career in logistics management can lead in many — M. Anthony Burnsdirections—including to the top of the company! Chairman, President, & CEO, Ryder System, works in logistics management?The demand for logistics managers at all levels is excellent. The CollegiateEmployment Research Institutereports that logistics is a field with more posi-tions than graduates each year. The Wall Street Journalreports that seniorlogisticsmanagement talent is also in short supply. As logistics managers’roles and value have grown, the need for well-educated, talented professionalswith a diverse array of skills has increasing importance of analytical, strategic, and technological activitiesalso makes logistics an attractive career to more people. As a result, the numberof minorities and women entering the field of logistics directly from high school,college, and from other fields is increasing rapidly. Another factor which contributes to the changing face of logistics is the value that organizations are“Logistics has evolvedplacing on diversity today. Successful organizations realize that diversity givesinto a profession them an edge in the highly competitive global marketplace. As a result theythat values strategicare recruiting a variety of people from all walks of life for their logistics man-agement positions. This strategy is highlighted here by two companies:thinking, analytical“It makes good business sense to have a workforce that reflects the skills, and the use marketplace at recognize the value that a diverse managementof technology- team brings to our company—the ability to reach out to the entire world.”based tools. Those“We recruit from a wide pool because we need all the skills that are outcapabilities are bottom line is that our organization wants people with excel-gender and race lent skills,regardless of their ethnic background,gender,or age.”independent. ThisAccording to recent surveys, women and minorities are discovering logisticsfield is fertile and enrolling in degree programs across the nation. For example, at theUniversity of Nevada-Reno, 45 percent of graduates are female, compared ground for talented to zero just six years ago. The number of women and minorities in logisticsindividuals.”management positions and professional organizations is on the rise as well. — Nancy HaslipClearly, logistics is a discipline worthy of attracting the best and the brightestDirector of Logistical people from all walks of life. Anyone with the education, skills, and drive toServicessucceed can build a prosperous career in logistics Boston, President, CLM4COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
SALARY INFORMATIONDo logistics managers earn high salaries? Earning potential for logistics managers is excellent! In addition to receivingoutstanding salaries, logistics managers‚ receive a full range of valuable benefitsand most are eligible for bonus pay. A recent study by William M. Mercer,Inc., indicates that more than 85% of logistics managers can earn incentivepay in addition to their base salary. It is also important to note that salariesfor logistics managers have risen each of the last five years according to annualsurveys conducted by the Ohio State University and Cahners table below provides insight into the pay prospects for just ten of themany logistics management positions discussed throughout this data reflects total cash compensation (base salary plus incentive pay)reported for each Ranges for Logistics Management Positions ththPosition Type / Title 10Percentile Average90PercentileFirst Level Management/Supervision Analyst (Freight Rate Specialist)$28,500$39,400$52,300Customer Service Manager$35,200$50,900$70,300Transportation Coordinator$29,000$35,700$43,100Warehouse Outbound Operations Manager$36,700$54,000$78,400Middle Level Management International Logistics Manager$39,600$69,200$100,100Inventory Planning & Control Manager$50,900$74,800$105,200Transportation Manager$46,200$76,100$111,100Warehouse Operations Manager$56,400$78,700$ 99,900Executive Level ManagementDirector of Logistics$85,000$138,600$221,100Vice President of Logistics$93,400$182,200$288,500Source:1997 Logistics and Supply Chain Management Compensation Survey Results, prepared by William M. Mercer, note that the table above only goes up to the 90percentile for eachposition. It is possible for exceptional people to earn significantly moremoney than their peers. For example,the top-earning logistics executivesand consulting partners command compensation packages worth morethan $500, are there such wide salary ranges? The wide salary ranges reflect the fact that managers with the same title mayhave vastly different roles in their respective organizations. Some primaryissues that contribute to compensation variation include: Personal FactorsOrganizational Factors Position Factors job performance industry typescope of responsibilityexperiencesize of organizationstaff sizeeducation levelgeographic locationbudgetCAREERS IN LOGISTICS5
How can I estimate my earnings potential? If you are pursuing a bachelor’s degree, you can look forward to startingsalaries in the $25,000 to $40,000 range. The average starting salary for logisticsthgraduates at five . universities is $33,500. The 10percentile salaries forthe first level management positions in the compensation chart (page 5) represent your initial earnings potential in you are pursuing a Master’s degree, you can anticipate salaries in the$45,000to $80,000 range. The average starting salary for a logistics MBA graduate at four . universities is $57, you already have significant experience as a logistics manager (or youwant to forecast your future earnings), use the compensation formula in thebox below to estimate your earnings potential. This formula was developedto demonstrate how salaries vary according to level of responsibility and threecommon Compensation Formula$64,000 for a Manager, $86,000 for a Director, or $144,000 for a Vice President+$12 per $million of division revenue+$540 per year of experience+$19,000 for a Master’s degreeSource: The Ohio State University, 1997Here is how experience and education have impacted the salaries of threelogistics managers: “…ofall the major“I earned $ per hour as an intern for a major retailer at their distri-sectors of our economy,bution graduation,I returned as an assistant manager andtransportation andam currently earning $34,900.”logistics offer the “I started as a logistics analyst earning $25, years later,I washighest paid jobs promoted to a logistics team leader position at $39,000 the nation.”Eighteen months later,I became a transportation manager with a chemical manufacturer with an annual salary of $48,000.”— Rodney . Secretary of “After college,I worked for a transportation company in customer serviceTransportationfor three was making about $35,000 a year when I decided to goback to school for an MBA work for an automobile manufacturerin materials management/production starting salary wasclose to $65,000.”Are benefits important to consider? Absolutely! Employer-sponsored benefit programs can save you thousandsof dollars in personal expenses. Thus, you should give great consideration tothe benefits included in a compensation package. Logistics managers receivea wide variety of benefits such as insurance, 401K matching funds, and education OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
WHERE THE JOBS AREWhat kinds of organizations employ logistics managers?Logistics involves so many critical business activities that nearly everyFortune 500 and Global 500 company can be considered a potential employerfor logistics managers. The same can be said for smaller public and privatecompanies around the world. From the largest automobile manufacturers to the smallest zipper producers, any company that purchases and/or sellsproducts has a need for logistics professionals to manage the flow of product andinformation locally, nationally, and internationally. Service firms like hospitalsand restaurant chains like McDonald’s must also manage logistics is a sample of the types of businesses and organizations that youcould work for as a logistics manager: Manufacturing FirmsIndustrial and consumer goodsMerchandisingThird PartyFirmsLogistics Firmswarehousing, dedicateretailers, wholesalers,d carriers,distributorsforwarders, Firmsstrategy, technology, and/or passengerServiceEducationInstitutionsOrganizationsbanks, hospitals, and training firmsGovernment . Military, DOT, is the most common career path in logistics?No single career path dominates logistics management. In fact there arehundreds of potential career paths (seventeen of them are outlined in the JobProfiles section of this booklet). Your career path will be largely influenced byyour skills, interests, and personal decisions. It will also be impacted by thesize, type, geographic scope, and organizational structure of the firm that youchoose to work broad base of business skills, knowledge of the logistics process, and relevant internship/work experience will give you ample opportunity to beginyour career with a manufacturer, retailer, carrier, third party logistics firm, orother organization. You will likely begin as a management trainee, analyst, orfirst line supervisor. As you demonstrate your managerial capabilities, youcan progress to logistics positions of greater responsibility. You may alsodecide to gain experience in other parts of the key to your success in this field is flexibility. You will work with peoplethroughout your company—logistics, manufacturing, and on the size of your company, your initial responsibilities may deal with one or more logistics functions. Some positions will require you tospecialize in a specific area of logistics. There are numerous opportunitiesCAREERS IN LOGISTICS7
and career paths in this field—it is up to you to seek them out and developthe appropriate skills to be logistics career path can focus on a wide variety of functional of these include:•Logistics planning and analysis•Transportation management•Warehouse operations management•Inventory planning and control•Purchasing and materials management•International logistics management•Production planning and operations•Supply chain management•Customer service management•Information systems and control•Logistics services marketing and sales•Logistics engineeringAny number of these areas can be combined under the responsibility of asingle logistics executive. The organizational chart provided below highlightsmany of the logistics career paths that exist in manufacturing firms. With theexception of production planning, similar opportunities are available withmerchandising firms. There is also an opportunity to build your career pathby moving between logistics functions, moving into other areas of the organi-zation, or by moving from one type of organization to another. Vice PresidentVice PresidentVice PresidentOperations/MarketingLogisticsManufacturingDirector ofDirector ofDirector ofDirector ofDirector ofDirector ofDirector . OperationsInventory is important to realize that not all organizations have a logistics organizations spread logistics functions across multiple a result, your career path may weave through marketing, manufacturing, opera-tions, and/or specific product divisions. In these unique situations, you will stillperformlogistics functions and you may end up as the Vice President ofManufacturing or Marketing!8COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
Where do new logistics managers get started?There are many potential starting points for a successful career in discussed earlier, you can begin your career in many types of organizations,in numerous logistics activities, and virtually any location in the . or theworlddepending on your skills and career path profiles provided below are just three examples of how newlogistics professionals can get started. Remember that many other opportu-nities exist for you to embark upon a career in and merchandisers offer excellent employment opportunitiesfor new logistics opportunities, training and assignments arevaried. Some manufacturers and merchandisers have formal training programswhile others use on-the-job training to prepare new logistics assignments may be in logistics operations, logistics planning andanalysis, or manufacturing is an example of how one woman began her logistics career with a major retailer and now works for the . division of an international pharmaceutical company:“After earning a degree in logistics,I took a position working in a retaildistribution center as an assistant year later,I was promotedto the position of shift was responsible for order processingaccuracy,timely shipment flows,employee productivity,and cost two years in that position,I returned to school full-time and earneda graduate MBA internship led to a logistics position with alarge spending one year coordinating the plant’sinbound materials requirements,I was recently promoted to a produc-tion management I learn more about the production sideof the business,I expect to return to logistics as either a corporate materialsmanager or logistics manager.”Corporate LogisticsManagementMaterialsProductionDistribution CenterManagementorCoordinatorManagementCorporate MaterialsManagementExceptional opportunities are emerging with third party logistics , a growing number of manufacturing and merchandising firms arechoosing to outsource their logistics activities. That’s great news for the thirdparty logistics firms but they need high-caliber, motivated people to managethe growth. Third party firms provide an excellent opportunity for you tostart your career, take on new challenges, and advance your managerial skills. Here’s how one manager has built her career around this growing area oflogistics: “I’ve worked for third party logistics firms for almost five firsttwo years were spent as a logistics did a lot of data analysis andprovided support for the development of client was promoted to a logistics engineer position about a year handled more complexaspects of proposals,developing materials handling requirements,trans-portation routes and schedules,and other two years as alogistics engineer I was promoted to my current position as project manage a team of analysts and also handle a wide variety oftasks from building project budgets to making presentations to our IN LOGISTICS9
The next logical opportunity for me would be a business development could also make a move into operations as a site manager.”BusinessDevelopment DirectorLogisticsLogisticsProjectorManagerAnalystEngineerOperations SiteManagerMotor carriers,railroads,air carriers,and ocean carriers also offer a widearray of career represents the largest portion oflogistics cost and has a great impact on the overall success of a logistical system. If the challenge of providing customers with cost effective qualityservice sounds interesting, then transportation management is for is one transportation career path that you could follow:“I’ve worked for a national motor carrier ever since I spentthree months as a management trainee learning the that,I was a supervisor in a local terminal,dispatching drivers,supervisingdock workers and preparing freight 18 months I trans-ferred to a breakbulk moved into sales for two years as a localaccount experience helped me land my current manage a small terminal and have learned how to do everything—sales,daily operations,forecasting,budgeting,and performance ’m now positioned to go in a number of directions—operations managerat a large facility or national account sales.”TerminalOperations DirectorTerminalTerminalSalesorManagementSupervisionNational AccountRepresentativeWhat skills do logistics managers need?As a logistics manager, you will work with people, processes, and , you’ll need a broad set of skills to build a successful career in with current logistics managers revealed that some of these skills and traits are universal while others are position-specific. You need topossess these universal skills to be successful in any logistics related include: •People skills•Analytical skills•Communication skills•Computer skills•Flexibility10COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
JOB PROFILESThe following pages provide descriptions of 17 logistics management positions. These descriptions are based on hundreds of interviews with current professionals in the field, nationwide surveys, and materials providedby human resource managers and management recruiters from a wide rangeof industries. These positions can be found in organizations worldwide andmay include responsibility for international activities. Each profile is intended to give you an idea of what each position involvesincluding:•key responsibilities•required skills•potential career pathsEach profile is also accompanied by quotes from current managers regarding:•daily activities•what they like about their jobs•how they contribute to the success of their organizationsIncluded in this booklet are the following Job Profiles:AnalystConsultantCustomer Service ManagerInternational Logistics ManagerInventory Control ManagerLogistics EngineerLogistics ManagerLogistics Services SalespersonLogistics Software ManagerMaterials ManagerProduction ManagerPurchasing ManagerSupply Chain ManagerSystems Support Manager (MIS)Transportation ManagerVendor Managed Inventory CoordinatorWarehouse Operations ManagerPlease note that many of the positions profiled are not entry-level advanced positions are presented to give you an idea of the long-rangeopportunities in logistics IN LOGISTICS11
DescriptionUses analytical and quantitative methods to understand, predict, andenhance logistics processes. Responsible for assembling data, analyzing performance, identifying problems, and developing recommendations whichsupport the management of logistics. A transportation analyst’s duties revolvearound a specific logistics activity while a supply chain analyst is responsiblefora broad range of activities. Employed by carriers, logistics servicesproviders, manufacturers, or other supply chain PositionsPlanner,Project Specialist,Coordinator Key Duties•Gathers and interprets relevant data (costs, productivity, demand patterns, etc.)•Investigates problems, finds root causes, and develops solutionsANALYST•Develops periodic performance reports and distributes them to stakeholders•Monitors contract compliance of carriers and other logistics serviceproviders•Provides analytical support for projects, new business opportunities, and proposals•Coordinates delivery schedules and other supply chain activitiesRequired SkillsStrong quantitative and analytical skills; familiar with logistics and productionplanning concepts (., just-in-time, materials requirement planning); broadrange of computer skills—database, spreadsheet, statistics applications, andlogistics software packages; understand contracts and tariffs; self-directed;ability to communicate findings, make recommendations, and facilitatechange;comfortable working with individuals at all organizational levels; project management skills.“My job is to analyze themovement of goods throughCareer Paththe supply pipeline, monitorMany individuals begin their careers in logistics as analysts. The varietyand complexity of an analyst’s responsibilities increase as experience iscurrent processes, identify andgained. Successful analysts advance to the following positions: logistics analyze gaps, and developengineer, senior analyst, project leader, manager of logistics analysis, logisticsprocessimprovements. I ammanager, operations to use my skills inIn their own wordsdatabase management andspreadsheet analysis to help“I work with our marketing group to identify logistical issues as theythe organization increasedevelop promotional programs. I then help our distribution center cash flows, inventory turns,managers prepare for each program. I have to ensure that there’sour customers’satisfaction,enough capacity to handle these special needs.”and employee productivity.”12COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
DescriptionWorks with client organizations to enhance logistics performance throughstrategic planning, process re-engineering, and/or information technologyimplementation. Develops and manages a wide range of projects including:global supply chain optimization, software selection and development,strategic sourcing, and logistics network design, among others. Helps clientsdevelop the logistical tools, processes, and knowledge base needed to createcustomer value, build competitive advantage, and boost profitability PositionsAnalysts,Project Managers,Logistics EngineersKey Duties•Identifies clients’ problems, opportunities, and risks•Gathers and analyzes relevant data•Conducts client interviews and facility visits CONSULTANT•Develops and evaluates alternative strategies•Develops reports and presents findings to clients•Works with clients to implement solutionsRequired SkillsCritical reasoning skills; ability to work well in team settings; attention todetail; project management skills; exceptional writing and presentation skills;ability to “think outside the box”; comfortable with deadlines; ability to managepeople; financial and statistical analysis proficiency; inquisitive; persuasive;well organized; flexible; strong interpersonal PathIndividuals typically join consulting firms via one of two paths. Recent college graduates begin as analysts (Bachelor’s degree) or associate consultants(Master’s degree). Individuals with previous logistics management experienceare sought for consultant positions. Success as a consultant leads to the “Consulting is an excitingfollowing types of positions—senior consultant, project manager, principal,career. Every time that I getand partner/vice in a new projectthere are new issues to dealIn their own wordswith and another opportunity to“I have developed excellent project management skills throughout create value for a client. Youmy consulting career. I have learned how to systematically approach learn something new on everyproblems, analyze alternatives, and develop appropriate solutions withinproject and you take thatthe time, financial, and resource constraints of a project.”experience to the next you have to look at each“Consulting is a demanding profession. You will travel extensively, workproject individually and developunder deadlines, and deal with new challenges in each project. However,tailored solutions for eachit is very satisfying when your recommendations are implemented and thecompany that you work with.” client’s logistics system works more effectively than it ever did also get paid very well for your services.”CAREERS IN LOGISTICS13
DescriptionPlans and directs activities of customer service teams to meet the needs ofcustomers and support company operations. Develops procedures, establishesstandards, and administers activities to assure accurate order entry, efficientshipment tracking, and timely delivery of products to customers. Alsoresponsible for effective response to customer requests, problems, and specialneeds. Works closely with marketing and sales, logistics, and transportationdepartments to reduce order cycle times and improve fill rates while controllingthe cost of serving PositionsCustomer Order Manager,Post-sales Service Manager,Distribution CoordinatorCUSTOMERKey DutiesSERVICE•Directs and controls receipt of orders and their release to warehouse•Establishes and monitors customer service performance standardsMANAGER•Develops and maintains order management plans for key customers•Manages promotional campaigns, return goods, and service programs•Develops processes to identify customer problems and resolve them quicklyRequired SkillsExcellent interpersonal skills—persuasive, empathetic, able to handle conflictand pressure; product knowledge; problem solving skills; creative; sense ofurgency; attention to detail; strong communication skills; ability to manage PathMost customer service managers have experience in sales, logistics operations,and/or customer service supervision. Successful customer service managersmay advance to customer service director or sales manager.“I oversee a staff of 65In Their Own Words…employees that acts as a “It’s my department’s job to initiate the ‘perfect order.’If we don’t conduit between customersprovide a 100% fill rate on the first shipment, accurate pricing and billing,and our distribution opera-damage-free, timely delivery, and proper carton labeling, then we haven’ttions. We serve as a served the customer effectively.”central contact for our customers and provide a wide“I have learned to listen to customers and develop a strong appreciationrange of services to them—for their perspectives. If I can answer their questions effectively and developtimely order processing,solutions to their problems, then they will remain loyal customers. That’sresolving stock shortages, the most important thing that I can do for my company.”reconciling invoices, etc. We also facilitate the move-ment of freight between ourdistribution facilities.” 14COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
DescriptionWorks closely with manufacturing, marketing, and purchasing to createtimely, cost-effective import/export supply chains. Responsible for handlingthe technical details of international transportation—multiple modes, complexdocumentation, and varying customs regulations, developing distributionstrategies, and building relationships with logistics intermediaries. Serves asa troubleshooter, dealing with the problems inherent in moving freight longdistances and holding inventory in multiple countries. Related PositionsImport/Export Manager,International Transportation ManagerINTERNATIONALKey Duties•Manages the performance of international carriers and logistics intermediariesLOGISTICS•Ensures compliance with international and . laws related to import/export activityMANAGER•Evaluates trade-offs between transportation costs, inventory costs, and service levels•Works with packaging engineers to effectively protect import/export goods•Develops logistics strategies and processes for entering new marketsRequired SkillsKnowledge of international commerce—international banking issues, sales andpayment terms, customs regulations, and international supply chainprocesses; detail-oriented; negotiating skills; effective communication skills;fluency in a foreign language recommended; able to handle multiple tasks;awareness and appreciation of different cultures; Path“As my company expands itsIndividuals typically gain experience as import/export coordinators, inter-international operationsandnational transportation planners, or domestic logistics managers, prior tomarketing efforts, my role hasbeing promoted to international logistics manager. Success in this positionleads to director of international logistics, director of international trans-expanded in scope. I spendportation, or vice 30% of my time assist-ing in production planningIn their own wordsdecisions for our overseas“My position has given me the opportunity to travel and live and 35-40% of myThis has helped me learn how the logistics issues differ from country totime figuring out how best tocountry. You have to understand each nation’s import/export processes,get the finished product dis-regulations,and logistics infrastructure to make good decisions.”tributed to our markets. Thebalance of my time is spent“I have to make sure that productflows across international borders just likeon administrative duties andit does from state to state—quickly and economically. The big differenceisworking with our sales groupthat it takes up to ten additional steps to get the product from one countryon global business develop-to another. I have to monitor each of those steps to make sure thement opportunities.”process works.”CAREERS IN LOGISTICS15
DescriptionDevelops and implements plans to optimize inventory cost and customerservice goals at the plant, distribution center, and/or retail levels. Responsibleforforecasting needs, analyzing movement patterns, product deployment,performance reporting, and resolving accuracy discrepancies. Works withpurchasing and logistics managers to establish optimal order quantities,inventory targets, and turnover PositionsInventory Deployment Manager,Inventory Specialist,Materials ManagerKey Duties•Manages inventory quality and accuracy assurance program•Defines requirements for and develops, implements, and/or monitorsINVENTORYinventory management system•Coordinates physical inventory process and cycle countsMANAGER•Monitors inventory flow through system—especially expedites and advertised goods•Develops stock location and order picking strategies to optimize workflow, space utilization, and labor productivity in distribution facilities Required SkillsExtensive knowledge of inventory models, forecasting methods, and inventorycontrol procedures; database management skills; spreadsheet analysis skills;understand DRP concepts; problem solving capabilities; understand logisticsoperations and inventory flows; understand inventory/accounting relation-ships; ability to prioritize PathIndividuals can prepare for inventory management positions as inventory“Agood inventory manager planners, expediters, distribution operations supervisors, and other relevantpositions. Successful managers advance to the Director level or branch out realizes that there is a realto purchasing, supply chain management, customer service, or logistics cost of carrying inventory. management opportunities. By managing the inventoryproactively, you can have aIn their own wordspositiveimpact on your “You have to be able to see beyond what is in front of you to avoid gettingorganization’s balance sheet.”caught off guard. Without some foresight and effective planning, you’ll eitherhave shortages of critical products or overages of the unimportant ones.”“Inventory managers work in a very dynamic environment. I have devel-oped a great deal of expertise in quantitative forecasting and analysisthanks to the variety of computer tools that I have at my disposal. Still,there is an art to managing inventory and I enjoy the creative aspects of my position.” 16COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
DescriptionDesigns logistics processes, technology, and/or infrastructure to support theefficient and cost-effective management of products from their conceptiononthe drawing board through production, distribution, and usable life recommendations on such matters as timing of activities, locationof operations, and the environmental and human factors that affect logisticsperformance. Works closely with customers, logistics service providers, logistics managers, and other supply chain members to develop innovativesolutions to ongoing operating PositionsLogistics Specialist,Industrial Engineer,Internal Consultant,Process EngineerKey DutiesLOGISTICS •Assesses the effectiveness of current logistics and/or transportation processes,determines improvements, and coordinates institutionalized change •Designs facility layouts to maximize space utilization, productivity, and safetyENGINEER•Develops standard operating procedures and performance standards•Investigates and implements new technologies and information systemsRequired SkillsProject management skills; knowledge of computer-based design and analysistools—route optimization, simulation, work measurement, spreadsheet, anddatabase analysis; strong technical writing skills—proposal development andperformance analysis; investigative nature; understand costing and pricinganalysis; process oriented. Career pathMost logistics engineering positions require a minimum of 2-5 years ofexperience in logistics planning and analysis, operations, management, and/or information technology. Successful engineers advance to the following“The title ‘Logistics Engineer’positions: senior logistics engineer, project manager, consultant, logisticscovers a broad range ofengineering manager. activities in our of our engineers workIn their own wordswith our distribution centers“I work on a cross-functional team that develops new business opportunitieswhile others focus on trans-for my company (a contract logistics service provider). We work to createportation. We are asked toinnovative transportation strategies, information management systems,do a variety of things to opti-and inventory deployment solutions for current and potential customers.”mize the movement of freightthrough our system. Wedevelopnew processes, com-plete data analysis, performsystems maintenance—weeven do strategic planning.”CAREERS IN LOGISTICS17
DescriptionOversees a variety of logistics functions which include warehouse and dis-tribution operations, forecasting, planning, logistics systems, customer service,and purchasing. Manages logistics personnel. Directs daily third party relationships with logistics suppliers and other members of the supply PositionsDistribution Manager,Operations Manager,Director of Logistics Key Duties•Directs personnel in performing day-to-day logistics operations•Oversees teams that analyze strategic and tactical processes and costs•Negotiates with suppliers, partners, and customers for servicesLOGISTICS•Manages order fulfillment process from order taking through delivery•Ensures continuous process improvement and high quality servicesMANAGERRequired SkillsLeadership and teamwork skills; strong written and verbal skills; technicalskills including computers, quality programs, and logistics metrics; analytical/cost skills; negotiation pathMost logistics career paths eventually lead to a logistics manager , it will take from five to seven years to become a mid-level logisticsmanager. Fifteen years or more is realistic to reach the senior executive levelin larger their own words“Being a logistics manager is“You have to be enthusiastic about change to be successful. Change is much like running a medium-the only constant in this field and you’ve got to be flexible to manage size company within your ownit effectively. You must be willing to learn and ready to take on new company. I am a generalchallenges each day. Logistics managers are problem solvers.”manager involved with personnel, trucks, real estate,“It is absolutely vital to ensure that our logistics quality is as high as and inventory. I need financialthe product’s quality to maintain our competitive advantage. We haveskills to manage the budget,developed quality programs for our distribution centers and transporta-people skills to deal withtion operations to ensure that every order is handled accurately, safely,associates and customers,and in a timely fashion. As a result of these programs our customer and the ability to prioritize service ratings have improved greatly.”in order to be successful in my position.”18COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
DescriptionSells transportation, warehousing, and specialized services to other business relationships with potential and existing potential contract logistics services that would benefit client companies. Integrates logistics systems, computer systems, and capacity to satisfy customer PositionsAccount Executive/Representative/Manager,Sales Manager,Customer ServiceAgent,Transportation BrokerLOGISTICS Key Duties•Negotiates price and service levels with customers•Initiates contractual agreements with customersSERVICES •Provides solutions to client logistics and transportation needs•Sells equipment, software, and services to meet buyer requirementsSALESPERSON•Educates potential customers on the benefits of various logistics solutions•Coordinates various activities to ensure high levels of customer serviceRequired SkillsPresentation skills; written and verbal communication skills; computerskills; ability to listen to people; reasoning and problem solving capacity;negotiation skills; specialized knowledge of specific products/services; willingness to pathThis job is often an entry level position after college. Many operations people move into sales to broaden their understanding of logistics after gaining two to three years of experience. Success in this position may lead to sales management or a move into operations as a logistics manager.“Good written and oral communication skills are In their own wordscritical to my success as “The best thing about my job is the fact that it touches just about everyan account representative. department within a company. You get a chance to interact with I have to be an effective marketing, finance, operations, etc. It helps you to better understand listener and a good observerthe entire business.”to understand the client’s“I enjoy my job because I get to go out and meet customers at distribu-needs. I must also be able tion centers, retail outlets, and manufacturing facilities. It is important toto get my point across to learn about my customers’operations so that I can match our servicepeople clearly, concisely, capabilities to their needs.”and accurately.”“The most important thing that I do is educate potential customers about ourcompany and the benefits of contract logistics. I try to build their interestlevel and get them thinking about outsourcing opportunities. If I succeed,then my company has an excellent chance of gaining a new customer.”CAREERS IN LOGISTICS19
DescriptionManages components of distribution technology including warehouseoperations systems, electronic communication and order taking systems, andsupport systems. Designs analytical tools to increase and measure decision support systems to analyze and optimize logistics andtransportation PositionsComputer Information Systems Manager,Systems CoordinatorKey DutiesLOGISTICS •Incorporates software solutions into logistics arenas such as warehousing,production planning, customer service, and transportation •Integrates logistics software information into corporate databasesSOFTWARE•Assists in communicating with all members of the supply chain•Provides computer system support to usersMANAGER•Evaluates potential computer solutions for purchase and implementationRequired SkillsExtremely good technical/computer skills and knowledge; understanding of logistics operations including warehousing functions, statistical processcontrol and other Total Quality Management (TQM) techniques; problemsolving skills; ability to manage pathThis job title has a variety of career paths. Many Information Systems graduates move directly into these positions after college. The remainingindividuals move from mid-level logistics management positions to logisticssoftware manager positions. “There is a small group ofIn their own wordslogistics software specialists“This job gives me the opportunity to work with the latest tools such and the demand for our skillas the Internet and electronic commerce. I develop new information sets is exceptional. Whethermanagement skills every day. That puts me and my company on the you want to work for a largecutting edge of technology.”organization or independently,there are more job opportuni-“My department provides the organization with performance data analy-ties than you can imagine.”sis, real-time customer communication capabilities, and informationtools to help manage the business more effectively. We use information to increase productivity, improve customer service, and cut costs in our effort to be a world class organization.”20COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
DescriptionManages raw materials and/or components inventory needed for manufac-turing. Responsible for inbound inventory levels. Coordinates with purchasing,manufacturing, and suppliers to ensure reliable, cost efficient delivery of theraw materials to create a production plan. Often responsible for receiving,warehousing, scheduling, and inbound PositionsMaterials Planner,Materials Analyst,Director of MaterialsKey Duties•Forecasts needs based on historical data•Employs Materials Requirements Planning (MRP)•Directs inbound raw materials and componentsMATERIALS•Manages inbound inventory levels, turns, and costs•Supplies manufacturing needs, often in a Just-In-Time environmentMANAGERRequired SkillsTrade-off analysis between costs, measurement tools, and manufacturing’sneeds; interpersonal skills; analytical forecasting tools; ability to employ MRPand JIT planning; ability to manage detailed projects; computer pathEntry-level management positions may require four to six years as a materialsplanner or analyst. Success as a materials manager may lead to positions aslogistics manager or production/operations manager. In their own words“My job puts me in a different situation every day. One day I’m making“I have a high visibility forecasts and the next I’m dealing with suppliers to manage inventoryposition that has a directissues. There are always new challenges, new ways to do things, newimpact on my company’sprocesses to try.”success. My team managesthe inventory and inbound“This job is very challenging and very important because we support aflow of materials so that thejust-in-time manufacturing system. I have learned how to work with rout-production line never slowsing and scheduling software to analyze the impact of new suppliers anddown or stops due to a lackroute changes on our system. I work closely with our dedicated carriertoof materials. We work closelymonitor performance and manage change effectively. And, I am with suppliers and carriers toconstantly searching for ways to take costs out of the system.” ensure that our manufacturingoperations have everythingthey need to be productive.”CAREERS IN LOGISTICS21
DescriptionSupervises production in a manufacturing setting. Responsible for manu-facturing engineers, production associates, machine operators, and otherplant equipment operators. Coordinates production scheduling, quality control, labor requirements, material requirements, and finished goodsinventory. Manages costs within the production PositionsOperations Manager,Production CoordinatorKey Duties•Manages production personnel: machine operators and supervisors•Employs total quality management (TQM) strategies to improve productquality PRODUCTION•Coordinates with Materials Department to schedule daily production•Forecasts future production needs: labor and raw materialsMANAGER•Plans and oversees preventive maintenance on plant machineryRequired SkillsAbility to interact and manage people; scheduling and forecasting abilities;knowledge of statistical process control and other TQM techniques; self-motivated; understanding of role in the overall corporate goals. Career pathMany people work two to four years as an Operations Planner/Analyst,Team Leader, or Production Coordinator prior to becoming a ProductionManager. Success as a Production Manager may lead to Plant their own words“Production managers have to“I have to work closely with our logistics group to perform well. I com-be able to deal with a diversemunicate our production forecasts and schedules to them to ensure thatgroup of people in a manu-the right materials come in the front door and the finished product getsfacturing operation. Tact,out the back door. Asmooth flow is the key to meeting our productiondiplomacy, and flexibility aregoals and cost targets.”three traits for success. Youneed people skills, patience,“I like coming to work each day because there’s never a dull moment. and common sense to keepI spend most of my time on the plant floor trying to prevent problems,the associates motivated,remove bottlenecks, and promote quality. I like the fact that I can seequality high, and the what we make and how well we perform against plan every day.”production line running at full capacity.” 22COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
DescriptionDirects the buying activities for a company, government agency, or for identifying global sources of materials, selecting suppliers,arranging contracts, and managing relationships. Coordinates with materialsmanagement and manufacturing to ensure timely delivery of the propermaterials. Provides analysis to increase levels of service at reduced costs. Related PositionsAcquisitions Manager,Buyer,Purchasing SpecialistKey Duties•Requests and evaluates bids for parts and services•Negotiates agreements with possible vendors•Manages and monitors contracts with existing suppliersPURCHASING•Coordinates other supply functions within the company•Oversees supplier certification programsMANAGERRequired SkillsNegotiation skills; cost analysis; ability to read, understand, and help writelegally binding contracts; written communication skills; proficiency with spread-sheets; personal confidence; ability to react to change; understanding ofimport/export PathEntry-level purchasing managers typically have three to five years as anexpediter or buyer. Success as a purchasing manager may lead to employmentas a logistics manager or materials their own words“Purchasing people are involved in every part of the business. We are“Apurchasing manager canthe ‘answer group’when it comes to dealing with suppliers. We helpimpact the bottom line parts of our company interact with outside companies more If you negotiatea cost reduc-effectively and solve supplier problems quickly.”tion for production materialsor logistics services, you can“I find myself becoming more involved with supply chain issues everypositively impact two organi-day. My job no longer focuses exclusively on quantity discounts. Thatzations. Your company willjust leads to excess investment in inventory. I have to work with suppliersbe more profitable and you’lland customers to integrate our purchasing, manufacturing, and logisticsbe able to pass cost savingsactivities. If we can collectively smooth out demand patterns, the flow on to your customers.”of product will improve and the delivered cost will go down.”“When your efforts result in an 18 percent lead time reduction, a 50 percent reduction in inventory levels, and a 90 percent plus fill rate,you’ve done your job as a purchasing manager. You’ve saved your company thousands of dollars and created customer value.”CAREERS IN LOGISTICS23
DescriptionReviews existing procedures and examines opportunities to streamline production, purchasing, warehousing, distribution, and financial forecastingto meet product distribution needs. Directs activities to limit costs, improveaccuracy, customer service, and safety. Makes decisions regarding the move-ment, storage and processing of PositionsDirector of Logistics,Material Operations & Transportation,LogisticsManager,Manager Inventory and Capacity Planning,Product Supply DirectorKey Duties•Develops customized strategies providing high customer service levelsand reduced cost SUPPLY CHAIN•Responsible for the physical custody and overall safeguarding of the inventory•Responsible for the efficient flow of product from supplier to customersMANAGER•Provides information, analysis, and recommendations on overall operationsRequired SkillsBroad knowledge of the supply chain: inventory management, distributioncenter operations, transportation, and supplier operations; expertise in facilitylayout, cost control, cost/benefit analysis, productivity improvement, andworksimplification; strong leadership and people management skills; com-puter literacy required, systems development knowledge desired; backgroundneeded in problem-solving, analysis, logistics strategy, or organizational planning; and presentation PathSupervisory experience in materials handling, facility layout, planning ordistribution is needed. Success in supply chain management may lead to:“I meet regularly with our vice president of operations, director of materials management, or director and suppliers towork on product flow their own wordsWe look for opportunities to“Because our customers want more than a ‘one-size-fits-all’solution, Ishare information and movehave to be creative and think outside the box. So I work with a variety ofproducts through the supplypeople (both inside and outside of my organization) looking for methodsofchain more effectively so thatdoing business in a whole new way.” the ultimate consumer isserved well at a low efforts impact not only my company’s bottom line, butthe bottom lines of our suppliersand customers as well. Thevalue we create can mean abig competitive advantage forour supply chain.”24COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
DescriptionProvides analytical support in the management of logistics informationplanning and processes. Oversees the design, development, and implemen-tation of data gathering and reporting methods and procedures. Functions as the technical coordinator and internal consultant regarding the needs andrequirements of data processing. Provide technology solutions to resolve user PositionsManagement Systems Specialist,Senior Programmer/Analyst,DirectorCorporateInformation,Director Information TechnologySYSTEMS Key Duties•Establishes appropriate systems methods through project planning, analysis,SUPPORTprogram development, and execution to achieve effective solutions•Develops and maintains quality documentation for systems and programsMANAGER (MIS)•Installs software systems and hardware architecture•Supervises team of programmer/analysts supporting logistics systemsRequired SkillsWorking knowledge of multiple computer programming languages, systemsanalysis and design, database design, and hardware; effective project manage-ment:detailed project plans, objectives, control methods, and coordinationof project team efforts; strong design, code and test skills; knowledge of allaspects of physical product distribution; ability to communicate in public;good people PathProgrammers and systems analysts may advance to senior or lead systemsanalyst, or project management positions in larger organizations. Leadership“I had experience with a lotability is needed for managerial positions. Possible advancement opportuni-tiesinclude Vice President for Information Systems or work as a computer languages beforeI took this job, which has beenIn their own wordshelpful in creating my company’s“This is a challenging and ever-changing area of logistics. There’s never proprietary programs. Wea dull moment in my job. I find it very rewarding.”use these programs to substi-tute information for inventory“You can never have enough computer skills. The more programs I can usewhich saves the companyeffectively, the better I am able to serve my company and our customers.”money. It’s great to see theimpact I personally am ableto make within the company.”CAREERS IN LOGISTICS25
DescriptionDirects the effectiveness of private, third party and contract carriage staff and operations to assure timely and cost efficient transportationof all incoming and outgoing shipments. Plans and assures adequate equipmentfor storage, loading, and delivery of goods. Responsible for scheduling, routing,budget administration, freight bill presentation, and contract with international carriers and freight forwarders to streamline theflow of goods across international borders and through PositionsManager of Hub Operations,Transportation Coordinator,Traffic ManagerKey Duties•Ensures that operations are conducted safely and within the lawTRANSPORTATION•Manages fleet and drivers•Solicits, evaluates, and analyzes contractual bidsMANAGER•Negotiates and administers dedicated carrier agreements•Budgets and controls expenses•Determines economical traffic patterns and specifies routesRequired SkillsWorking knowledge of carrier operation, shipment routing, and distributionmethods; experience in industrial transportation operation, consolidator systemsand techniques; must have understanding of the complexities of legislation:Department of Transportation (DOT), state, federal and Interstate CommerceCommission (ICC) regulations; ability to formulate and implement contracts;expected to understand costing, performance measurement and inventorycontrol; ability to work under pressure; strong management and computer Path“This position requires a goodTransportation managers usually have experience as fleet supervisors, distribution center supervisors, or logistics analysts. Success leads to themix of education and experi-position of corporate transportation manager, followed by director of ence. You need to know abouttransportation or vice president of logistics. everything from computers tomanaging people. For example,In their own wordsI have developed some exper-“The thing that I like the most about my job is that I see tangible resultstise in activity-based costing—each day. Each time one of my drivers delivers a load on schedule, anothereven though I’m no accountantcustomer has been satisfied and we’ve done our job.”—because it helps me make“Developing strong relationships with carriers is my primary role. I lookbetter decisions.”for carriers that provide exceptional service levels and are totally commit-ted to customer satisfaction. I work closely with them to develop mutualgoals, monitor performance, and make adjustments as needed. Weshare responsibility for the end results.” 26COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
DescriptionVendor Managed Inventory (VMI) Coordinators utilize sales activity infor-mation and product demand history to generate forecasts, make adjustments,and plan for inventory replenishment via standard electronic data interchange(EDI) documents. VMI managers facilitate activities such as adjusting theproduction cycle to meet customer inventory needs (and increase productsales), which in turn improves cash flow, reduces customer returns andrefusals, and improves customer service. Related PositionsVendor Relations Manager,Manager Quick Response and VendorCompliance,Manager of Finished Product Inventory and WarehousingVENDOR MANAGEDKey DutiesINVENTORY•Develops policies and procedures for standardized UPC codes, price files,and inventory levels with customers COORDINATOR•Serves as liaison between merchandising, vendors, and operational areas•Develops demand forecasting based on promotions, replenishmentneeds, and transportation costs•May be responsible for inventory management within the customer’s environmentRequired SkillsVMI managers must be trusted by the customer, therefore this field requiresa team player who enjoys collaboration and logistics strategy; knowledge inareas such as planning, purchasing, freight management, accounts payableand/or storage are needed; strong presentation and meeting facilitation skillsrequired; problem solving, forecasting, manufacturing, and sales knowledgeare necessary; good computer systems skills necessary for EDI Path“I have a lot of work experience in EDI administration, inventory, or purchasingI set up new vendors on ourcan lead to opportunities in VMI. Success within VMI can lead to opportunitiesVMI program—from approv-as logistics, supply chain, or vendor relations them, to implementing theIn their own wordsprogram, and monitoringtheir inventory. This program“I know I am working in a cutting-edge area of this industry—not manyhelps reduce risk and improveorganizations are ready yet to put their inventory in the hands of theircash flow for my company.”suppliers. It’s exciting to know that I am one of the pioneers in this newway of doing business!” CAREERS IN LOGISTICS27
DescriptionDirects the efficient and cost-effective operation of commercial or industrialdistribution center(s) or warehousing facilities. Manages inbound activitiesrelated to the receipt and storage of goods, inventory management, and outbound activities related to order-filing, stock replenishment, andshipping. Responsible for budgeting, customer service, facility and equipmentoperation. Administers overall inventory management, productivity, accuracy,and loss prevention programs to ensure that customer requirements are PositionsDirector of Logistics,Distribution Supervisor,Distribution Center Manager,Warehouse Manager,Warehouse and Delivery Manager,Director of Duties•Coordinates inbound and/or outbound activitiesMANAGER•Implements safety, security, housekeeping, and sanitation programs•Responsible for accurate inventory and productivity levels•Hires, supervises, schedules, and trains personnel•May manage documentation and flow of imported goods through bondedwarehousesRequired SkillsBroad knowledge of material handling, warehouse operations and trans-portation systems required; knowledge of the Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA) safety rules required; skills with an emphasis on communication (training, team building, negotiation skills, interdepartmentalinteraction), leadership and supervision (motivation, directing) and manage-ment (planning, budgeting, projecting revenues, analyzing accounts); computer proficiency.“You have to be able to Career Pathcommunicate ideas clearly Work experience as a Distribution Supervisor, Production Supervisor,to deal with a diverse work-Logistics Specialist can lead to this area. Success may lead to opportunitiesforce. To be successful, in: Logistics Management, Facility Management, Transportation Director, or Director of open to employee suggestions, and listen!”In their own words“You need to be aggressive, have common sense, and be practical inthis job. It’s important to get hands-on experience and specific trainingbefore just jumping in.”“Being a warehouse manager gave me the opportunity to manage peopleearly in my career. I learned quickly that you are only as successful asthe team that you manage. I’ve developed an ability to motivate others,resolve conflict, and keep the overall goal in sight—all at the same time.”28COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
EDUCATION AND TRAINING REQUIREDIs a college degree essential for a career in logisticsmanagement? Recent studies consistently reveal that the majority of the logistics managerssurveyed hold at least a four-year degree and an increasing number haveearned graduate degrees. To achieve this goal, effective planning is time for career planning is notafter college graduation!•Take advantage of on-campus resources. Seek help from your logisticsfaculty, academic advisors, and career services center—early and oftenduring your college years.•Build a strong grade point average, take leadership roles in organizations,and use elective hours to sharpen your computer and communication skills.•Obtain internships and relevant work experience to maximize your opportunities.•Use CLM activities, other professional organizations, and logistics-relatedresources to learn more about the industry and to network with hire entry-level logistics managers from a variety of , a growing number specifically recruit students who major in reflects the growth and quality of logistics, transportation, and supplychainmanagement degree programs. These programs provide a strong foundation in key concepts, strategies, and processes of you know that this field is in your future, a business degree with a majorin logistics will provide a vast array of career opportunities. More than 50universities offer logistics-related degrees or courses. Information regardingthese programs can be found on the CLM web site ( important is a graduate degree?Some organizations (., consulting firms and large manufacturers) specifi-cally seek candidates with an MBA degree or other relevant graduate is especially true for technical and quantitative positions—logistics engineering, planning, and systems graduate level work is not a requirement for many logistics manage-ment positions, it can be very valuable over the course of your career. A graduatedegree can enhance your logistics management expertise as well asimprove your strategic planning, financial management, and analytical skills translate into upward mobility, career flexibility, and increasedearnings potential according to recent ’s what logistics professionals say about the value of the MBA degree:“I’m pursuing an MBA even though it’s not needed for my current I ever change jobs,the degree combined with my experience will providea lot of options and opportunities.”“An MBA degree is very helpful to a logistics ’d recommendthat you get 2-3 years of work experience before going back to help you relate what you learn to what you do.”“I wouldn’t qualify for my current position without a graduate gave my career a real jump ’d need to work for ten years to havemy current responsibilities and salary with just an undergraduate degree.”CAREERS IN LOGISTICS29
What if I haven’t completed a college degree?For individuals interested in entering the logistics industry prior to obtaininga degree, it is worth noting that many of today’s professionals started out inentry-level positions and advanced to their current status over many can be done by obtaining experience, on-the-job-training, and continuingyour education. A recent compensation study revealed that nearly 93 percentof the organizations surveyed provide financial support to help defray collegetuition and related is important to note that your career options and earnings potential maybe limited if you do not continue your education beyond high school. As thegraph from a recent study highlights, an experienced logistics manager with agraduate degree earns nearly twice as much annually as his/her counterpartwith a high school degree. Education does pay off!What type of experience/training should I obtain?New managers don’t survive on logistical knowledge alone. In today’s organization, you must possess cross-functional skills. Therefore, you’ll needa broad education that encompasses all facets of managing a in operations, marketing, statistics, quantitative analysis, finance,and accounting will provide you with additional tools for success. Inter-national business and humanities courses can also improve your capabilities. Experience also impactsyour ability to obtain a logistics management position. Employers seek candidates that have participated in internship orco-op programs. Related work experience is also highly regarded. Here is what logistics managers think about experience:“We believe that a formal college education,coupled with industry experience,is an exceptional and vital builds a stronglogistics foundation for the new professional entering the industry.”“Internships are learn how companies work—roles,relationships,and reporting ’re also exposed to realitiesthat can’t be explained by textbooks.”Hands-on experience provides you with many benefits. You will get a tasteof what working in logistics is like. This may help you confirm that a career inlogistics matches your interests and talents. You will have the opportunity tosharpen your analytical skills, participate in challenging projects, and gainsupervisory experience. Finally, you can earn good money and/or academiccredit in the process!30COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENTProportional Earnings Level
Here is what recent graduates have said about supplementing educationwith experience:“Good grades are not you want a shot at the best opportunitiesin logistics,you also need a substantial summer internship or a relevantsummer job.”“My internship was got the chance to apply my knowledge toreal-world ,at the end of the summer,I received an offerfor a full-time position after graduation.”What should I do if I already have a degree?“Logistics is theNew technology and logistics strategies are emerging quickly—so stay up-hottest career outto-date! Here’s how:there. It links every•Become an active member in professional associations•Participate in professional development and training programsfunctional area in a•Subscribe to periodicals and journalscorporation and is•Attend conferences and trade showsvital to its success.•Enroll in continuing to a logistics professional and Where can I go for additional information?see what all theTo learn more about this exciting and growing field there are a number of sources that you can turn to. First, visit your school guidance or career excitement is about.”services office. Your counselor should have books such as the Occupational— June S. YoungsOutlook Handbook, The Guide to Occupational Employment, and theVice President of LogisticsDictionary of Occupational Titlesavailable for you to review. It is also likelyHasbro, the counselorcan help you find the addresses and phone numbers oflogistics professionals in your community. Give them a call. Many managerswould be happy to talk to you about their career Internet offers a wealth of information regarding this industry. Manycompanies now provide employment information on their web sites. You canbegin at the CLM web site (). In addition to learning moreabout the organization, you will find information on the following topics: •CLM membership•CLM Student Intern Program•CLM Graduate Scholarship Program•CLM Employment Clearinghouse Service•List of logistics-related associations•Database of university courses and programs Two other web sites that provide quick access to important logistics information are Freightworld () and LogisticsWorld(). Freightworld is a directory of more than 3,600logistics-related web sites. Just click on the name of a company, university,agency, or association and you will be sent directly to their home provides similar access to thousands of web sites and a logisticssearch engine to help you access information on virtually any logistics good resource for career-related information is the NationalAssociation of Colleges and Employers (NACE). NACE publishes a number of resources on careers and employment and also has an extensive Internetmenu called “Jobplace.” If you want to know who is hiring college graduateswithin this industry, you may want to consult the NACE web site ().CAREERS IN LOGISTICS31
COUNCIL OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENTThe VisionThe Council of Logistics Management is the preeminent worldwide professional association of logistics MissionThe mission of the Council of Logistics Management is to serve the evolvinglogistics profession by developing, advancing, and disseminating Definition of LogisticsCLM defines logistics as that part of the supply chain process that plans,implements, and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods,services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet customers’ Council of Logistics Management is an organization of professionalswho are interested in improving their logistics management skills. It is primarily interested in furthering the understanding and development oflogistics concepts and practices. It does this by providing a continuing program of formal activities, research, and informal discussions designed to develop the theory and understanding of the logistics process, promote the art and science of managing logistics systems, and foster professional dialogue and development about the operate on a not-for-profit, self-supporting basis, with emphasis onquality, and in a cooperative manner with other organizations and institu-tions. We are an open organization which seeks to involve individuals representing a wide variety of ethnic, geographic, experiential, and thought-process backgrounds in our programs and activities, thereby assuring that theorganization benefits from and develops the diversity of its members. Wehave an enthusiastic membership that communicates with one another toshare knowledge and expertise. Members view their interactions with theCouncil as a true partnership which is professionally and personally OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
The GoalsThe Council of Logistics Management is a not-for-profit organization ofprofessionals which: •provides leadership in developing, defining, understanding, and enhancingthe logistics process on a worldwide basis•provides forums for the exchange of concepts and best practices amonglogistics professionals•provides research that advances our knowledge and leads to enhanced customer value and performance within the supply chain •provides education and career development programs that enhancecareer opportunities in logistics management•promotes involvement of individuals with the broadest possible back-grounds in Council programs and activities, thereby assuring that theorganizationbenefits from and develops the diversity of its members. For More InformationIn addition to this booklet and our web site (), CLM publishesavariety of helpful documents which provide detailed information about thefield of logistics. Call or write to:Council of Logistics Management2805 Butterfield Road, Suite #200Oak Brook, Illinois 60523(630) 574-0985Careers in Logistics is published by the:The Council of Logistics Managementwas founded in 1963 as the NationalCouncil of Physical Distribution®Management. In 1985, the name was2805 Butterfield Road, Suite 200changed to the Council of Logistics Oak Brook, Illinois (630) 574-0985Fax (630) 574-0989Careers in Logistics isE-Mail: clmadmin@ printed on recycledWeb Site: paper usingThis is a registered trademark owned by the Council of Logistics Managment. environmentally safe soybased inks.© Copyright 1998, Council of Logistics IN LOGISTICS33
“Logistics is the hottest career out there. Talk to a logistics professional and see what allthe excitementis about.”—June S. YoungsVice President of LogisticsHasbro, Inc.¤2805 Butterfield Road, Suite 200Oak Brook, Illinois 60523(630) 574-0985 • Fax (630) 574-0989E-mail: clmadmin@ • Web Site:
