닺튵맛달䕃佌佇䥃䅌†䥎䑕協剙†坁呃?폦튵맜샭컊쳢횮뺭볃톧춸쫓?햪튪?뷼쓪살ꎬ좫쟲폦튵웕뇩쏦쇙ퟅ맽뛈춶ꆢ훖좺뿝뷟ꆢ폦믱솿쿂붵뫍풴샻폃돥춻볓뻧뗈컊쳢ꎬ퇏훘ퟨ낭쇋폦튵뿉돖탸랢햹쒿뇪뗄쪵쿖ꆣ놾싛컄듓뺭볃톧뗄뷇뛈ꎬ럖컶쇋폦튵뺭볃벨킧ퟮ듳뮯컊쳢ꆢ폦튵맽뛈춶뫍폦튵풴맽뛈샻폃컊쳢ꆢ폦튵맜샭훆뛈낲업벰웤벤샸킧펦컊쳢ꆣ퓚듋믹뒡짏ꎬퟜ뷡맩쓉쇋돉릦뗄폦튵맜샭훆뛈뇘탫싺ퟣ뗄튻킩뇘튪쳵볾ꆣ맘볼듊?폦튵뺭볃벨킧?폦튵맜샭?훆뛈?벤샸킧펦An Economic Perspective of the Problems of Fishery ManagementCHEN Yan1, MU Yong-tong2( of Management, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266520, China;2. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)Abstract: In recent years, the global fishery is faced with the problems of overinvestment, race exhaust, and the decrease offishery obtainments and the conflict of resource usage, which has affected the sustainable development of fishery. From aneconomic perspective, the essay analyzes the issues of the maximization of the fishery economic performance, fisheryoverinvestment and overexploitation and summarizes some essential conditions of successful fishery words: the fishery economic performance; fishery management; institution; incentive effect㈰쫀볍㜰쓪듺퓧웚ꎬ䱥獴敲ㄠ폦튵뺭볃벨킧ퟮ듳뮯컊쳢뮯뗄솽룶뇘튪쳵볾쫇?뗚튻ꎬ쿖쪵뇟볊䉲潷?횸돶ꎬ좫쟲폦믱솿틑뾪쪼쿂붵뺭볃톧볒쟣쿲폚죏캪ꎬ헾뢮펦룉뺻쫕틦뗈폚떱잰ퟷ튵뛸뇘탫럅웺뗄캴늢붫틲듋틽웰탂튻싖폣욷뛌좱ꎬ헢튻풤몣퇳폦튵풴샻폃뗄믹놾샭평퓚살뇟볊뺻쫕틦?뗚뛾ꎬ쯹폐폦쏱뗄쿖쪵놨뗀퓚좫쟲랶캧쓚틽웰쇋벫듳뗄랴폚ꎬ폦쏱룶죋뫍췅쳥뗄뻶닟뷡맻췹췹뇟볊뺻쫕틦뚼쫇쿠뗈뗄ꆣ쿬ꆣ뺡맜ퟜ폦믱솿뗄쿂붵틑놻횤쏷횻떼훂폦튵풴뗄뺭볃톧맽뛈샻폃쳵볾튻랴펳쇋죧쿂쫂쪵?횻튪붵뗍쫇퓝쪱뗄ꎬ떫퓚㈰쫀볍㜰쓪듺ꎬ폦믱ꎨ散潮潭楣癥牥硰汯楴慴楯?ꎩꆣ뛔떱잰뗄폦믱얬솦솿쮮욽쯹듸살뗄캴살컯퓶뎤늢쎻폐폫좫쟲죋뿚퓶뎤놣돖춬폚ퟔ평ힼ죫폦튵ꎬ틲캪쎿튻폦쏱뚼쎻뺻쫕틦쓜릻뗖쿻떱잰뺻쫕틦뗄복짙ꎬ늽ꆣ뷼쓪살ꎬ죋쏇룼맘탄뗄쫇ꎬ튻킩폐캪풴샻폃횧뢶럑폃ꎬ쯹틔폦쏱쟣뻍쓜릻쳡룟룷늶샌쪱웚뗄뺻쫕틦횮뫍ꆣ쳘뇰폐볛횵뗄폣샠ꎬ웤훖좺맦쒣벱뻧쿲폚냑풴샻폃떽헢퇹튻룶돌뛈ꎬ벴죴캴살뺻쫕틦퓶볓솿컞램쏖늹떱잰뺻쿂붵ꎬ죧폣ꆢ듳뇈쒿폣뫍뫚쿟뷸튻늽볓듳풴샻폃돌뛈튲늻믡듸살쫕틦복짙솿ꎬ뻍펦춣횹붵뗍떱잰폦믱ꎨ桡摤潣?ꎩ뗈ꆣ럖컶퓬돉쳘뚨폣샠폦죎뫎뛮췢쫕틦ꆣ헢퇹튲뻍업돽쇋웤쯻얬솦솿?죴떱잰뇟볊뺻쫕틦룟폚쯹럅웺믱솿쿂붵뗄풭틲쫇럇뎣훘튪뗄ꎬ헢쫇폦쏱듓춬튻풴샻폃훐뗃떽룼듳쫕틦뗄캴살뇟볊뺻쫕틦ꎬ쳡룟떱잰폦믱얬틲캪폣샠늻뷶뷶쫇죋샠뗄훘튪뚯컯떰뗄뿉쓜탔ꎬ춬쪱튲틖훆쇋폦쏱놣뮤솦솿쮮욽뻍쓜릻퓶볓룷쪱웚뺻쫕틦횮냗살풴횮튻ꎬ룼훘튪뗄쫇ꎬ뷢뻶뫃폫풴ꆢ좷놣웤캴살럡뛈뫍짺닺솦뗄믽뫍ꆣ틲듋ꎬ내헕쳵볾튻엤훃룷쪱웚폦믱폦튵맜샭폐맘뗄컊쳢ꎬ쓜릻캪룼맣랺벫탔嬱?ꆣ얬솦솿쮮욽ꎬ죎뫎폦쏱뗄쫕틦ힴ뿶뚼뗄릲폐닆닺짺컯풴뗄맜샭쳡릩벫뻟폦튵맜샭뗄훘튪죎컱횮튻퓚폚쳡늻뿉쓜뇤뗃룼뫃ꎬ벴듯떽쇋엁샛췐ퟮ볛횵뗄뺭퇩ꆣ룟폦튵뺭볃벨킧ꆣ폦튵뺭볃벨킧ퟮ듳폅뗄풴엤훃쮮욽ꆣퟷ헟볲뷩?돂퇞ꎨㄹ㜵ꆫꆡꎩꎬ얮ꎬ쟠떺샭릤듳톧맜샭톧풺붲쪦ꎬ늩쪿ꎬ훷튪듓쫂몣퇳풴뾪랢폫맜샭ꆢ몣폲쪹폃맜샭ꆢ몣퇳뺭볃뗈쇬폲뗄퇐뺿ꆣ?ECOLOGICAL ECONOMY
쳵볾튻뇭쏷ꎬ튻맺튪쪵쿖폦튵뺭볃뻍쓜릻쳡룟헻룶폦튵퓚헢튻쪱웚뗄ퟜ쪹풭폐폦쏱늻뛏퓶볓늶샌얬솦솿ꎬퟮ벨킧ퟮ듳뮯ꎬ뻍뇘탫냑훖좺맦쒣캬돖뺻쫕틦쮮욽ꆣ틲듋ꎬ떱쳵볾뛾뗃떽싺ퟣ훕떼훂늶샌쓜솦뎬맽쓜릻쳡릩ퟮ듳뺭퓚쪹웤ퟔ좻짺뎤싊뗈폚룃맺샻싊볓돉쪱ꎬ헻룶폦튵퓚헢튻쪱웚뗄ퟜ뺻쫕틦볃믘놨뗄쮮욽ꆣ놾뫬샻ꎨ瑨攠牡瑥映楮瑥牥獴⁰汵猠?뻍쓜듯떽ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ떫쫇ꎬ룷맺쿖탐뗄탭듋췢ꎬ몣퇳짺컯풴샻폃뗄맽뛈捯獴楶楤敮?ꎩ뗄쮮욽짏ꆣ뮻퇔횮ꎬ몣뛠룶뇰뿉죃엤뛮맜샭ꎨ䥔关ꎩ훆뛈췹샻폃폖뇘좻떼훂폦튵뗄맽뛈춶ꆣ퓚퇳짺컯풴뿉놻쫓캪튻훖쓜닺짺뺭볃췹횻맘탄폦튵샻틦럖엤ꎬ컞램믲늻풸ퟔ평ힼ죫쳵볾쿂ꎬ폦쏱캪믱뗃룼듳뗄믘놨뫍뫬샻뗄폐볛닺ꎨ慳獥?ꎩꎬ틲캪틢돤럖싺ퟣ헢튻쳵볾ꆣ폦믱컯럝뛮뛸뮥쿠뺺헹ꎬ뺺헹탔늶샌훖좺맦쒣퓶듳뿉쪹늶믱뗈솿폦믱컯뮨떼훂늶샌벾뷚쯵뛌떽쓜릻쳡릩ퟮ듳뺭럑룼뗍뗄늶샌돉놾ꆣ죧맻믘놨싊뫍뫬㈠맽뛈춶폫맽뛈샻폃횮뺭볃믘놨뗄웚쿞ꎬ쟒늶떽뗄폣췹췹폖첫샻횮뫍듳폚룃맺웤쯻샠탍닺쓜릻닺볃톧뷢쫍킡믲훊솿첫닮ꆣ캪쇋믱뗃뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ짺뗄샻쾢ꎬ뻍뿉틔춨맽뛔룃닺춶듳늿럖몣퇳짺컯풴뚼뒦폚ꆰퟔ평폦쏱놻웈퓶볓춶ꎬ틔뇣볓듳폦뒬맦틔듙웤퓶뎤살쳡룟뺭볃벨킧ꆣ횻튪ퟱힼ죫ꆱꎨ潰敮捣敳?ꎩힴ첬ꎬ틲캪쎻폐쒣ꆢ룄짆폦뒬폦뻟탔쓜뫍닉폃룼볓폐톭헢튻풭퓲ꎬ닺쯹폐헟뻍쓜릻퓶볓죎뫎튻캻폦쏱폐좨업돽웤쯻폦쏱샻폃킧뗄늶샌벼쫵ꎬ웤뷡맻뇘좻쫇폦튵춶닆뢻ꎬ쳡룟뺭볃벨킧ꆣ춬퇹ꎬ몣퇳짺컯듋샠풴뗄죎튻늿럖ꆣ듓폦쏱룶죋뗄맽뛈ꆣ쫜폦튵ퟔ평ힼ죫탔훊펰쿬뗄풴튲뻟폐믘놨싊뫍뫬샻ꎬ죧맻솽헟뷇뛈뾴ꎬ죧맻죃놾살뿉틔십짏늶떽뗄늻떥떥쫇늶샌탐튵ퟔ짭ꎬ폫웤쿠맘뗄횮뫍듳폚맺쓚샻싊쮮욽ꎬ풴쯹폐헟폣볌탸쇴퓚몣샯짺뎤뫍랱횳ꎬ쯻뻍뇘볓릤ꆢ퓋쫤ꆢ엺랢뫍쇣쫛튵틔벰쿻럑뻍펦떱냑맽쪣놾뫍죋솦풴쿲웤탫돐떣놻웤쯻폦쏱늶ퟟ뗄럧쿕ꆣ뮻퇔헟튲믡쫜떽펰쿬ꆣ폦쏱뺺헹늶샌떼훂쯻뺭볃쇬폲ꎬ쪹몣퇳짺컯풴믱뗃돤횮ꎬ평폚늻쿭폐폦튵풴샻폃뗄업쯻폦믱컯뛌웚쓚듳솿짏낶ꎬ캪쇋쫊펦뚨럖짺뎤뗄믺믡ꎬ틔쳡룟풴볛횵ꆣ쿠탔좨샻ꎨ數捬畳楶攠物杨瑳ꎩꎬ폦쏱좱짙웚돶쿖뗄ꆰ싶돥쪽ꆱ짏낶랽쪽ꎬ듳솿랴ꎬ퓲뿉틔볓듳샻폃돌뛈ꎬ복짙훖좺맦캪캴살샻폃뛸퇸뮤풴뗄뇘튪폕틲ꆣ춶돁뗭퓚쮮닺욷볓릤ꆢ뒢퓋뫍퓋쫤쒣ꎬ냑쯹믱뗃뗄늿럖믲좫늿쫕틦춶틲듋ꎬ헽쫇몣퇳짺컯풴뗄ퟔ평ힼ죫뗄짨쪩뫍짨놸짏ꆣ뷡맻ꎬ헢킩늿쏅뗄폚웤쯻닺튵ꎬ듓뛸쳡룟룃맺뺭볃ퟷ캪탔훊ꎨ쫂쪵짏믲램샭짏뗄컞닆닺탔짨쪩뺭뎣돶쿖ꆰ췺벾릩펦늻ퟣꆢ떭벾튻룶헻쳥뗄벨킧ꆣ훊ꎩꎬ닅쫇떼훂몣퇳폦튵뺭볃벨킧늻솼듳솿쿐훃ꆱ뗄쟩뿶ꆣ쮮닺욷엺랢짌ꆢ쇣떫쫇ꎬ평폚폣샠훖좺떱잰맦쒣뫍캴뫍폦튵풴짺컯톧맽뛈샻폃쫛짌뫍쿻럑헟퓲믡랢쿖ꎬ폣뗄릩펦살맦쒣ꆢ쫐뎡ꆢ벼쫵뗈뻹듦퓚늻좷뚨탔ꎨ扩潬潧楣慬癥牥硰汯楴慴楯?ꎩ뗄룹ꆪ쳘뇰쫇쿊폣뫍믮폣뗄릩펦ꆪퟜ틔벰쯹믱탅쾢뗄늻돤럖ꎬ틲듋폦튵맜놾탔풭틲嬲?ꆣ쫇돊쿖돶ꆰ뛌웚릩펦맽쪣ꎬ뎤웚릩펦샭헟뫍폦쏱췹췹늻풸틢캪늻좷뚨뗄캴뺿웤놾훊ꎬ몣퇳짺컯풴뗄ퟔ평늻ퟣꆱ뗄뻖쏦ꎬ뛸쮮닺욷뎤웚뒢듦뗄살쫕틦뛸컾짼떱잰샻틦ꆣ듋췢ꎬ폦튵맜ힼ죫탔훊쫇튻훖닺좨좱캻쿖쿳ꎬ쯼뇘뷡맻벫폐뿉쓜떼훂훊솿쿂붵ꎬ쫐뎡볛샭쒿뇪튲췹췹늻쫇믲헟늻떥뒿쫇쪵쿖좻폕랢폦쏱뺺헹탔늶샌뗄탄샭폫탐캪ꆣ룱쿂뗸ꆣퟮ듳뺭볃벨킧ꎬ샽죧캪놣돖룼듳뗄폦쎿룶뺭볃짏샭탔뗄폦쏱뚼믡쿫랽짨램틲듋ꎬ횻튪폦튵풴샻폃뒦폚ퟔ평튵뻍튵틔복쟡뻍튵톹솦ꎬ믲퓚떱잰믱쟀퓚웤쯻폦쏱횮잰늶떽룼뛠뗄폣ꎬ횱ힼ죫ힴ첬ꎬ컞싛쫇쫂쪵짏뗄ꎬ뮹쫇램샭뗃룼뛠뗄폦믱컯틔싺ퟣ쫐뎡릩펦믲돶떽훖좺맦쒣붵뗍떽컞램쏖늹늶샌ퟷ튵짏뗄ꎬ폦튵맽뛈춶뫍풴맽뛈샻폃뿚뮻믣뗈ꆣ떱춬쪱쏦뛔탭뛠쿠뮥돥춻횮뿉뇤돉놾뗄맦쒣틔쿂ꆣ폦쏱횮볤쿠뻍퓚쯹쓑쏢ꎬ폦튵뺭볃벨킧튲뻍뇘좻뗄헾닟쒿뇪뛸폖뫜쓑ퟶ돶좨뫢좡짡쪱ꎬ뮥뺺헹뗄뷡맻ꎬ붵뗍쇋몣퇳짺컯풴뗍쿂ꆣ죧맻튪쪵쿖폦튵뺭볃벨킧ퟮ듳폦튵맜샭헟췹췹믡룼훘쫓쿖폐쫕틦ꎬ뗄캴살샻폃볛횵ꎬ듓헢룶틢틥짏쮵ꎬ쎿뮯뫍좷놣폦튵풴뗄뿉돖탸샻폃ꎬ쯹뛸컾짼캴살쫕틦ꆣ튻폦쏱뗄늶샌믮뚯뚼믡뛔웤쯻폦쏱믲닉좡뗄훆뛈낲업뻍뇘탫뻟놸헢퇹튻룶듋췢ꎬ짏쏦쯹쳡떽뗄쳵볾뛾뇭쏷ꎬ웤쯻샠탍뗄풴샻폃헟쪩볓ꆰ췢늿돉뇘튪쳵볾ꎬ벴쓜릻뇜쏢풴샻폃뗄ퟔ죧맻룶뇰폦쏱뗄뇟볊뺻쫕틦뎬맽웤쯻놾ꆱꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵ꎬ평폚폦쏱늢쎻폐캪샻평ힼ죫ힴ첬ꎬ듓룹놾짏쿻돽폦쏱뗄뺺폦쏱뗄뇟볊뺻쫕틦ꎬ뻍탨튪퓚폦쏱횮폃몣퇳짺컯풴뛸횧뢶믺믡돉놾ꎬ쯻헹탔늶샌탄샭뫍탐캪ꆣ볤훘탂럖엤폦믱얬솦솿ꆣ붫룼듳뗄폦쏇쟣쿲폚ꆰ첫뛠뗘ꆱ샻폃헢튻풴?평믱얬솦솿럖엤룸쓇킩쓜믱뗃뷏룟뇟볊폚늶샌뗄쪵볊돉놾뗍폚웤헦쪵돉놾ꎬ㌠훆뛈낲업ꆢ벤샸킧펦폫폦뺻쫕틦뗄폦쏱ꎬ쿠펦복짙쓇킩뇟볊뺻늶샌뒿쫕틦룟폚웤헦쪵샻죳ꎬ쯹틔떼쏱탐캪쫕틦뷏뗍뗄폦쏱뗄폦믱얬솦솿ꎬ헢퇹훂ꆰ맽뛠뗄ꆱ죋볓죫떽늶샌탐튵ꎬ늢폕튻쟐짧믡뗄뺭볃컊쳢뚼폐ퟅ쿠춬?
닺튵맛달䕃佌佇䥃䅌†䥎䑕協剙†坁呃?뗄룹풴ꎬ벴춬죋샠뗄폻췻쿠뇈ꎬ뿉릩돉놾쫕틦뷡릹늢틲듋룄뇤웤욫뫃쮳뇘탫냼몬죧쿂맦퓲?튻쫇뿘훆ퟜ뗄늶샌죋샠톡퓱뗄풴쫇쾡좱뗄ꎬ폦튵믮뚯탲ꎬ훆뛈폐뿉쓜랢믓쿞훆웤톡퓱ퟩ뫏쓜솦ꎬ쪹웤폫폦튵풴짺닺솦놣돖튻튲늻샽췢ꆣ탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뗄퇐뺿뇭뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ벤샸쯻쏇내헕쳘뚨뗄랽쪽탐훂?뛾쫇뛔쯹폐풴쪹폃헟뚼쫇쫊폃쏷ꎬ훆뛈쳘뇰쫇닺좨훆뛈횱뷓펰쿬쾡쫂ꆣ춨맽횸떼ꆰ뺭볃죋ꆱ킭뗷웤톡퓱ꎬ뗄?죽쫇뇜쏢틲뛔튻룶뇤솿ꎨ훮죧좱풴뗄엤훃ꎬ뷸뛸펰쿬ퟅ뺭볃믮뚯훆뛈폐훺폚붨솢컈뚨뗄죋샠뮥뚯쒣풴훖샠ꆢ폦뻟샠탍ꆢ늿쏅믲몣쟸ꎩ뗄뗄킧싊폫킧맻ꆣ쯤좻훆뛈늻쫇뻶뚨쪽ꎬ듓뛸복짙늻좷뚨탔ꆣ떱돉놾뫍뿘훆뛸뛔웤쯻뇤솿닺짺늻샻뫳맻뗄펰풴엤훃폫뺭볃벨킧뗄캨튻틲쯘ꎬ좴쫇ꎨ믲ꎩ쫕틦뇤뚯쪱ꎬ죋쏇탐캪튲믡랢짺쿬ꆣ죧맻폦튵맜샭훆뛈늻쓜뿘훆힡틽튻룶럇뎣훘튪뗄틲쯘ꆣ틲캪늻춬뗄훆룄뇤ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵ꎬ죋쏇믡뛔벤샸ퟶ돶랢맽뛈늶샌뗄쯹폐풭틲ꎬ룃훆뛈뻍뫜뛈낲업폐ퟅ쯼쏇룷ퟔ뗄벤샸뷡릹ꎬ듓랴펦ꆣ뻍폦튵뛸퇔ꎬ죧맻폣샠볛룱짏쓑ퟠ킧ꆣ뛸뛔죋샠탐캪닺짺쳘쫢뗄뫍뿉풤웚뗄짽ꎬ죋샠뻍믡뛠돔죢샠ꎬ틲캪쿻럑쮮뛾쫇ힼ좷뷧뚨맜샭랶캧ꆣ떱죋샠퓰펰쿬ꎬ늢펰쿬떽풴뗄엤훃뫍뒴탂뗄닺욷뗄돉놾쳡룟쇋ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ폦쏱믡뛠죎폫ퟔ좻쿖쿳뗄쪱볤ꆢ뿕볤믲릦쓜랶뷸돌ꆣ폃헅컥뎣뗄뮰붲뻍쫇ꎬ훆뛈춨늶폣ꎬ틲캪늶폣뗄쫕틦퓶볓쇋ꆣퟐ쾸캧늻쿠컇뫏쪱ꎬ풴뗄뿉돖탸샻폃뻍맽뛔풴ꆢ볛룱뫍뻶닟헟뗄풼쫸살펰맛달볛룱뛔쮮닺욷쫐뎡짏뗄싲헟뫍싴늻뿉쓜쪵쿖ꎬ쟒헢튻컊쳢붫돖탸듦퓚쿬죋쏇뗄톡퓱벯뫏ꎬ틠벴훆뛈ꎨ춨맽헟탐캪뗄펰쿬뛔샭뷢폦쏱탐캪쫇훁맘쿂좥ꎬ횱떽랶캧뗄늻쿠컇뫏뗃떽뷢뻶웤쓚몬뗄벤샸믺훆ꎩ펰쿬ퟅ죋쏇뗄탐훘튪뗄ꆣ틲듋ꎬ릫릲뻶닟헟뻸뛔늻쓜캪횹ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ튪ힼ좷뗘뷧뚨폦튵맜샭랶캪嬳?ꆣ훆뛈쫇죋샠잿볓폚ퟔ짭뗄튻ퟩ췼볇벤샸ꎬ틲캪릫릲헾닟췹췹믡룄뇤캧늢늻쫇튻볾죝틗ퟶ떽뗄쫂쟩ꎬ틲캪맦퓲ꎬ쫇죋쏇퓚ퟔ벺탐뷸뗄슷짏짨훃룶죋탐캪뗄돉놾뫍쫕틦뷡릹ꎬ뷸뛸펰튻룶몣퇳짺첬쾵춳췹췹놻늻춬뗄헾훎ꆰ헏낭ꆱꎬ웤쒿뗄쫇튪웈쪹쯻쏇ퟔ벺퇘쿬룶죋탐캪랽쪽ꆣ볙죧뻶닟헟뫶싔쇋맜쾽믲탐헾맜쾽쯹럖룮ꎬ쯹틔ꎬ튻룶폣ퟅ쳘뚨뗄슷쿟뛸럇웤쯻슷쿟잰뷸ꆣ횻헾닟뗄헢튻쫴탔ꎬ헾닟쪵쪩뫳쯹닺짺샠훖좺췹췹늻쫇튻룶탐헾맜샭떥풪쓜폐죧듋ꎬ죋쏇닅쓜놻틽쿲ꆰ캪뷸늽뛸뗄뿍맛킧맻췹췹믡폫헾닟훆뚨헟틢폻릻췪좫뿘훆뗄?춬쪱ꎬ죋샠뛔ퟔ좻맽돌ퟔ컒ퟩ횯ꎬ뛸늻훁폚틲싾컞쒿뇪춽뫄쪵쿖뗄쒿뇪놳뗀뛸돛ꆣ샽죧ꎬ폦튵맜뗄쇋뷢뮹듸폐뫜듳뗄뻖쿞탔ꎬ틲뛸틀뺫솦ꆱ뗄랽쿲ꆣ훆뛈좷쪵훘튪ꎬ벸뫵샭헟췹췹닉폃ퟜ뿉늶솿훆뛈ퟷ캪폦튵뻝쿖폐횪쪶쯹뮮뚨뗄맜샭떥풪췹췹튲컞죋쓜릻럱죏헢튻쫂쪵ꎬ떫쫇훆뛈튲맜샭뗄캨튻쫖뛎ꎬ틔웚듯떽풴퇸뮤폫쪵볊쟩탎늻럻ꆣ폐웤쮫죐탔ꆣ춨맽릹훾컈뚨뗄죋샠뮥쒿뗄ꎬ떫쫇ꎬ평폚쓚몬벤샸폦쏱뺺헹죽쫇ힼ좷뷧뚨닺좨샠탍ꆣ돉릦맜뚯쒣쪽ꎬ뫏샭뗄훆뛈폐훺폚복짙늻좷탔늶샌뗄폕틲ꎬ쯹틔룃훆뛈뗄쪵쪩쪹샭폦튵풴뗈쇷뚯탔릲폐풴뗄튻룶뚨탔ꎬ떫쫇ꎬ폐듃ꎨ듦퓚좱쿝ꎩ뗄훆폦쏱늻풸틢짵훁컞램닉좡쫊떱뗄풴훆뛈뇤솿쫇뷧뚨쏷컺뗄닺좨뇟뷧ꎨ벴뛈퓲뿉쓜닺짺폫웤짨볆헟뗄풸췻쿠랴퇸뮤탐뚯ꆣ틲듋ꎬ죧맻떥뛀닉폃ퟜ뿉쏷컺닺좨뷧쿞뫍랶캧ꎩꎬ틲듋ꎬ뇘탫쏷뗄뷡맻ꆣ훆뛈낲업뗄좱쿝폐뿉쓜쳡릩늶솿훆뛈살맜샭폦튵ꎬ헾닟훆뚩헟쫇좷뷧뚨풴쾵춳ퟔ짭뗄뇟뷧뫍쿭폐샻ꆰ듭컳ꆱ뗄믺폶ꎬ탎돉ꆰ듭컳ꆱ뗄풼쫸ꎬ뫜쓑쪵쿖풴퇸뮤쒿뇪뗄ꆣ폃풴좨샻뗄룶죋뫍췅쳥뗄뇟뷧ꆣ헢닺짺ꆰ듭컳ꆱ뗄벤샸ꎬ붱샸ꆰ듭컳ꆱ뗄쫇틲캪ꎬ캪쇋쪵쿖쫐뎡뗄ꆰ뾴늻볻뗄탐캪ꎬퟮ훘튪뗄쫇틔ꆰ듭컳ꆱ뗄랽쪽㐠폦튵맜샭훆뛈돉릦횮늿럖쫖ꆱ뗄릦쓜ꎬ쫐뎡뺭볃탨튪뷢뻶뗄튻릹훾죋샠뗄뮥뚯쒣쪽???ꆣ뇘튪뇪ힼ듳컊쳢뻍쫇뺭볃죋뇘탫놻풼쫸ꆣ헢훖훆뛈뗄훷튪ퟷ폃퓚뷢뻶벤샸컊쳢ꆣ폦튵뿉돖탸랢햹튪쟳폦튵맜샭뇘풼쫸훁짙냼삨죽쿮쓚죝?닺좨뗄뷧뚨볙뚨ꆰ뺭볃죋ꆱ햽싔짏쫇샭탔뗄ꎬ쯻탫퓚좷놣폦튵풴뿉돖탸샻폃뗄잰쳡뫍놣뮤ꆢ뫏샭뗄쪵쪩틔벰쫊떱뗄볠쏇믡내헕쯰쪧ퟮ킡뮯뫍쫕틦ퟮ듳뮯뗄쿂ꎬ춨맽욽뫢풴샻폃뗄킧싊뫍욽뗈맜ꆣ쎻폐헢킩ꎬ뺭볃죋뗄탐캪늻쫜풼랽쪽탐쫂ꆣ퓚튻룶ꆰ훆뛈헦뿕ꎨ벴쎻쒿뇪ꎬ헹좡맣랺뗄짧믡횧돖뫍닎폫ꎬ쳘쫸ꎬ쫐뎡뻍쫇컞훈탲뗄ꎬ뺭볃죋캪쇋폐죎뫎훆뛈ꎩꆱ뗄쫀뷧샯ꎬ죋쏇벸뫵쎻뇰쫇폦쏱뗄횧돖뫍닎폫ꎬ살쪵쿖폦튵쪵쿖룶죋뗄샻틦붫뮥쿠짋몦ꎬ뛸늻쫇폐쿠뮥뫏ퟷ뗄뚯믺ꎬ뷡맻ꎬ쯻쏇붫쪼풴샻폃뗄짧믡킧싊ퟮ폅쒿뗄ꆣ춨맽뮥쿠폐샻ꆣ헢춬퇹쫊폃폚폦튵풴뗄훕쏦뛔ꆰ쟴춽솽쓑ꆱ뗄삧뺳ꆣ평폚죋뾼달훷튪퇘몣맺볒폦튵맜샭훆뛈뗄돉샻폃믮뚯ꆣ쏇췹췹춨맽뇈뷏돉놾뫍쫕틦ퟶ돶뻶릦뺭퇩ꎬ컒쏇맩쓉돶죧쿂벸쳵돉릦폦쯄쫇쓚몬쫊떱뗄벤샸믺훆ꆣ늻춬뗄닟ꎬ춨맽쳡룟튻킩탐캪뗄돉놾뫍붱짍튵맜샭훆뛈쯹뇘탫싺ퟣ뗄쳵볾嬵??훆뛈낲업춨맽웤쓚몬뗄쳘뚨벤샸믺훆웤쯻튻킩탐캪ꎬ훆뛈폐뿉쓜냯훺죋쏇튻쫇붫맽뛈늶샌뗄쯹폐풭틲쓉죫펰쿬ퟅꆰ뺭볃죋ꆱ뗄탐캪ꆣ폦튵폐킧훎뷢뻶벤샸컊쳢ꆣ춨맽룄뇤ꆰ뺭볃죋ꆱ뗄뿘훆뗄랶돫ꆣ헢뻍튪쟳폦튵맜샭훆뛈샭뗄맘볼쫇쿻돽폦튵풴쪹폃헟캪믱?ECOLOGICAL ECONOMY
뗃룼듳룶죋쫕틦뛸뺺헹탔늶샌뗄벤샸ꎬ훆뛈돽쇋튪폫뮷뺳쿠쫊펦췢ꎬ튻뚨돌닎뾼컄쿗?튪쪵쿖헢튻쒿뇪ꎬ폦튵훎샭쳥쾵뇘탫뛈짏뮹뇘탫폫웤쯻퓚쪱볤뫍뿕볤짏릲嬱崠쒽폀춨⸠폦튵맜샭ꆪ틔믹폚닺좨쏷좷엤훃풴쪹폃좨ꆣ튻떩돖폐뛔폦듦뗄훆뛈ꎨ벴훆뛈뮷뺳ꎩ쿠쫊펦ꆣ늻뗄맜샭캪훐탄孍崮?쟠떺?훐맺몣퇳듳톧튵럝뛮뗄좨샻ꎬ돖폐죋뗄벤샸붫랢짺춬뗄훆뛈뮷뺳퓬뻍쇋늻춬뗄훆뛈풤돶냦짧ꎬ㈰〶?쿠펦뗄뇤ꎬ벴듓뺺헹룼듳럝뛮뗄벤웚ꎬ뛸훆뛈킧싊튲늻뷶틀삵폚쳘뚨뗄嬲崠쒽폀춨ꎬ몫솢쏱⸠폦튵컊쳢벰웤룹샸ꎬ캪죧뫎춨맽복짙쪹폃좨샻뗄돉뮷뺳쳵볾ꎬ튲좡뻶폚폫횮ꆰ엤쳗ꆱ뗄풴웊컶孊崮?훐맺몣퇳듳톧톧놨?짧믡뿆놾믲퓶볓좨샻뗄볛횵ꎨ샽죧춨맽쿊훆뛈낲업쫇럱뗃떱ꆣ캪쪲쎴퓚튻맺탐톧냦ꎬ㈰〳ꎨ?ꎩ㨶?ꆫ㜴?싴ꆢ믮싴믲짮볓릤뗈살쳡룟폦믱컯뗄횮폐킧뗄훆뛈떽쇋쇭튻맺뻍믡뇤탎ퟟ嬳崠乯牴栠䐬⁄敶楳⁌⁅?훆?뛈뇤잨뗄샭쫐뎡볛룱ꎩ살쪵쿖웤좨샻뗄ퟮ듳쫕틦퇹ꎬ믲폐탎컞쪵ꎬ컊쳢뻍퓚폚죎뫎훆싛?룅쓮폫풭틲孇崯?닆닺좨샻뫍훆뛈뗄벤샸ꆣ뛈뚼쫇룹횲폚쳘뚨뗄뮷뺳쳵볾쿂ꎬ쯼뇤잨ꆪ닺좨톧엉뫍탂훆뛈톧엉틫컄컥쫇쫊펦탔뫍럧쿕믘뇜ꆣ훆뛈뇘뗄틆횲ꎬ죧맻쎻폐쿠펦뗄쳵볾폫뮷벯⸠짏몣?짏몣죽솪쫩뗪?짏몣죋쏱돶탫쯦ퟅ뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯뛸뇤뮯ꆣ죧맻맽폚뺳ꎬ튪쿫쪵쿖솼뫃뗄훆뛈벨킧쫇늻뿉냦짧ꎬㄹ㤶?붩뮯ꎬ컞램쫊펦뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯ꎬ훆뛈낲쓜뗄ꆣ嬴崠坡湧⁓⁇⸠䑥晥捴楶攠楮獴楴畴楯湳慮搠瑨敩爠捯湳敱略湣敳㨠汥獳潮牯?업뻍늻뿉쓜폐킧ꆣ본폚폦튵풴뗄뇤웟쫇붫짧믡릫헽쓉죫뾼싇뗄랶돫ꆣ䍨楮愬‱㤸〭ㄹ㤳孊崮⁃潭浵湩獴湤뮯뫍늨뚯탔훊ꎬ쪹훆뛈낲업뻟놸ퟔ컒죧맻늻쓜쪵쿖짧믡릫헽쒿뇪ꎬ쒳킩룶偯獴ⵃ潭浵湩獴⁓瑵摩敳Ⱐ㈰〲Ⱐ㌵?뗷헻뫍ퟔ컒룼탂쓜솦ꎬ틔뇣짺첬쾵춳죋ꎨ죧맻늻쫇좫늿ꎩ붫릫좻랴뛔폐릫ㄳ?ꆫㄵ㐮뗄ꆰ쮳펦솦ꆱ춬훆뛈뗄ꆰ쮳펦솦ꆱ쿠헽쒿뇪뗄맦퓲ꎬ캪쟳ퟔ놣ꎬ쯻쏇짵훁뿉嬵崠䍯湳瑡湺愠刬琠慬⸠偲楮捩灬敳潲뮥컇뫏ꎬ헢쫇캬돖훆뛈헽뎣랢믓ퟷ폃쓜랴뛔짧믡헻쳥쒿뇪ꆣ틲듋ꎬ떱룶죋샻獵獴慩湡扬攠杯癥牮慮捥映瑨攠潣敡湳뗄맘볼ꆣ틦폫짧믡샻틦쿠돥춻쪱ꎬ횴램돉놾쫆孊崮⁅捯汯杩捡氠䕣潮潭楣猬‱㤹㤬″?쇹쫇쪹훆뛈폫훆뛈뮷뺳쿠쫊펦ꆣ뇘퓶볓ꆣ⠲⤺‱㜱ꆫㄸ㜮?짏뷓㤸튳?햾돉캪싃폎헟붻쇷쿧듥짺첬싃폎뺭샺뻟쳘즫뗄싃폎뺰뗣ꎬ짮뛈췚뻲웤풴쿧듥짺첬싃폎풴ꎬ춨맽뿆톧뫏샭뗘뗄욽첨ꎬ틔뇣캪랢햹퇴쮷쿧듥짺첬싃쳘즫ꎬ럡뢻웤컄뮯쓚몭뫍욷캻ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ랢햹쿧듥짺첬싃폎ꎬ웤쿧듥짺첬싃폎폎쳡릩룼뛠뗄붨틩뫍듫쪩ꆣ췸햾뻟쳥쪵쪩䥓伹〰?뫍䥓伱㐰〰죏횤ꎬ쪹횮뇘붫펭살엮늪랢햹뗄뒺쳬ꆣ쓚죝뿉냼삨쿧듥짺첬싃망럖늼춼ꎬ쿧폫맺볊쫐뎡뷓맬ꎬ뒴붨맺볊횪쏻뗄쿧듥짺첬싃망뷩짜움볛쾵춳ꆢ쿧듥짺첬듥짺첬싃폎쪤뗘嬶?ꆣ죧쳯샺듥뗄원죸쮮닎뾼컄쿗?싃망뚩랿쾵춳ꆢ믡풱힢닡뫍맜샭쾵춳ꆢ퇒쾴쓠풡싃폎쿮쒿ꎨ원죸퇒뚴쫇퇴쮷嬱崠퇮쫀⸠쿧듥짺첬싃폎랢햹뗄믹놾샭쓮ꆪ랢햹맽돌ꆪ랢햹샭쓮쒣쪽孊崮?삥뗘춼떼폎쾵춳ꆢ춽늽뫍웯뎵택쿐쿟슷ퟮ듳뫍ퟮ훸쏻뗄뗘쿂뫓쮮퇒뚴ꎩꎬ펢맺쏷듳톧톧놨?ퟛ뫏냦ꎬ㈰〵ꎨ㉁ꎩ?춼ꆢ퇴쮷쿧듥짺첬싃폎ꆰ뷡냩탐ꆱ쾵춳ꆢ폎죋쮵ꆰퟪ뷸뚫랽뮳놧ꆱꎬ쏀맺죋퓲돆嬲崠샮럡짺⸠퇴쮷쿧듥싃폎맦쒣뮯뾪랢싃폎춼욬햹쪾쾵춳ꆢ뮧췢믮뚯럖늼춼ꆢ횮캪ꆰퟔ좻쾴샱ꆱꆣ첽쳖孊崮?뺭볃뗘샭ꎬ㈰〵ꎨ?ꎩ?췸짏뗷닩춶욱쾵춳ꆢ탂컅릫룦랢늼쾵嬳崠샮뷰폂ꎬ헅쿾솫⸠듳맰쇖싃폎풴춳ꆢ싃폎럾컱뫍닩톯쾵춳ꆢ쿧듥싃폎?ꆡ뷡싛뾪랢퇐뺿孊崮?뗘폲퇐뺿폫뾪랢ꎬ㈰〱䉂?싛첳쾵춳뗈嬵?ꆣꎨ?ꎩ?퇴쮷폐럡뢻뗄쿧듥짺첬싃폎풴ꎬ嬴嵛㝝?췵쿾샶ꎬ쯎쫩쟉⸠?틩퇴쮷쿧듥㐮?ꆡ듲퓬짺첬싃폎욷없떫랢햹쿧듥짺첬싃폎ꎬ뇘탫펪퓬솼뫃싃폎풴뾪랢孊崮?맣컷쪦랶톧풺톧놨?솼뫃뗄욷없뿉닺짺뻞듳뗄컼틽솦ꎬ뗄짺첬뮷뺳ꎬ힢훘췚뻲떱뗘쏱쯗컄뮯ퟔ좻뿆톧냦ꎬ㈰〵ꎨㄲꎩ?컼틽룼뛠뗄뿍풴ꆣ떱잰ꎬ랢햹퇴쮷쿧듥쳘즫ꎬ쪹쿧듥짺첬싃폎ퟟ뿉돖탸랢햹嬵崠헅뇸ꎬ틼뫫⸠잳컶맺췢쿧듥짺첬싃짺첬싃폎펦볓잿쳯풰럧맢맛맢ꆢ쏱쯗뗀슷ꎬ쫷솢탎쿳폫욷없ꎬ틔뇣룼뫃뗘쪵폎뗄랢햹쒣쪽孊崮?삥쏷듳톧톧놨?ퟛ뫏럧쟩ꆢ택쿐뛈볙뗈쿧듥짺첬싃폎쿮쒿쿖퇴쮷쿧듥짺첬싃폎뺭볃ꆢ짧믡ꆢ짺첬냦ꎬ㈰〵ꎨ㉁ꎩ㨲?ꆫ㌲?嬶崠몫쇖⸠맘폚붨짨퇴쮷쿧듥싃폎췸뗄뗄뾪랢?늢힢틢맦쒣뮯ꆢ욷없뮯ꎬ틔퓶킧틦뗄ꆰ죽펮ꆱꆣ뿉틔풤볻ꎬ퓚솼뫃뗄첽쯷孊崮?맰쇖싃폎룟뗈뿆톧킣톧놨ꎬ잿웤쫐뎡뺺헹솦ꆣ죧뿉틔뺫톡튻엺뛀듳뮷뺳쿂ꎬ퇴쮷욾뷨쯹뻟놸뗄뛀쳘뗄㈰〴ꎨㄲꎩ??
