ꆡꆡ2009쓪뗚4웚뺭볃뺭캳ꆡꆡ2009컷쏉뻶닟맜샭샭싛랶쪽벰쮼쿫볛횵냼폱퓳1ꆢ2,첷솦컄2(1.뮪훐얩튵듳톧뺭볃맜샭톧풺,뫾놱커몺430070;2.커몺듳톧웳튵햽싔맜샭퇐뺿쯹,뫾놱커몺430072)햪ꆡ튪:컷쏉틔싟벭쪵횤훷틥헜톧캪믹뒡,쳡돶쇋쯻뛔폚맜샭뿆톧놾훊뗄뾴램틔벰죧뫎릹붨맜샭톧샭싛뗈맛뗣;쯻볙짨맜샭뻍쫇뻶닟,틔뻶닟캪럖컶떥풪,퓋폃룶죋훷틥뗈랽램릹붨쇋뻶닟맜샭샭싛랶쪽ꆣ헢훖샭싛랶쪽쳥쿖쇋뿆톧훷틥쳘헷,캪뫳살퇐뺿헟쳡릩쇋튻룶샭싛뿲볜뫍퇐뺿룙쇬;쯻뛔맜샭샭싛뫍쪵볹뗄쟸럖틔벰횪쪶믽샛맛뛔떱잰뗄맜샭샭싛랢햹폐뷨본틢틥ꆣ맘볼듊:컷쏉;뻶닟맜샭샭싛;랶쪽;컷쏉랶쪽ퟷ헟볲뷩:냼폱퓳(1974-),쓐,뫓쓏쓏퇴죋,뮪훐얩튵듳톧뺭볃맜샭톧풺붲쪦,커몺듳톧웳튵햽싔맜샭퇐뺿쯹늩쪿퇐뺿짺,훷튪듓쫂맜샭톧샭싛뫍웳튵랢햹햽싔퇐뺿;첷솦컄(1948-),쓐,쯄뒨돉뚼죋,커몺듳톧웳튵햽싔맜샭퇐뺿쯹쯹뎤ꆢ뷌쫚ꆢ늩쪿짺떼쪦,훷튪듓쫂맜샭톧샭싛뫍웳튵햽싔맜샭퇐뺿ꆣ믹뷰쿮쒿:놾컄쫜2007쓪뛈맺볒뺫욷뿎돌ꆶ맜샭톧ꆷ붨짨쿮쒿훺,쿮쒿뢺퓰죋:첷솦컄ꆣ훐춼럖샠뫅:C93ꆡꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:Aꆡꆡꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:1006-1096(2009)04-0005-04쫕룥죕웚:2009-04-12ꆡꆡ맜샭톧ퟔ떮짺횮죕웰뻍캪컒쏇햹쪾쇋쯼뷸늽뗄늻좷뚨듋,컷쏉랢햹돶쇋쯻뗄맜샭톧뿆맛,늢죏캪붨솢풭샭횮잰,뇘탔놾훊,폈웤쫇뷼벸쪮쓪살톧엉쇖솢,뿗듄175-176(1980)돆횮탫쓜릻퓋폃컄ퟖ뺫좷뗘쏨쫶맜샭탍ퟩ횯뗄쏦쎲뫍퓋ힴ뿶;캪ꆰ맜샭샭싛뗄듔쇖ꆱꆣ퓚떱듺컷랽맜샭샭싛듔쇖횮훐,퓚뛅퓚맛달럖컶뗄믹뒡짏,맩쓉돶튻룶믹놾볙짨,벴뻶닟훆뚨맽췾ꆢ냍쓉뗂ꆢ낢ꆤ췟뛻뗂뗈뛔뻶닟샭싛퇐뺿뗄믹뒡짏,컷쏉ꆢ돌쓋쫇샭뷢ퟩ횯쿖쿳뗄맘볼쯹퓚,늢춨맽듋살뺫좷뗘쏨쫶맜십웦뗈컼쫕탐캪뿆톧ꆢ쾵춳싛ꆢ퓋돯톧틔벰볆쯣믺벼쫵뗈톧샭탍ퟩ횯뗄쏦쎲뫍퓋쟩뿶ꆣ퓚듋믹뒡짏,컷쏉쫔춼췪짆믲뿆뿎돌맽,뒴솢쇋뻶닟맜샭샭싛톧엉ꆣ평폚룃톧엉뗄샭싛싛훘붨ퟩ횯맜샭샭싛ꆣ횤퇏쏜ꆢ쳥쾵췪헻,맊퓚떱듺컷랽맜샭샭싛듔쇖횮훐뛀쫷튻뛾ꆢ컷쏉뻶닟맜샭샭싛랶쪽뗄릹붨후,컷쏉튲틲뛔뺭볃ퟩ횯쓚뗄뻶닟돌탲뷸탐뗄뾪뒴탔뗄퇐(튻)컷쏉뻶닟맜샭샭싛랶쪽뗄톧뿆맛뺿,믱뗃쇋1978쓪뛈억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱,늢돉캪뻶닟맜샭샭싛컷쏉듓싟벭쪵횤훷틥헜톧캪믹뒡,틽랢돶뛔폚맜샭뿆톧뗄듺뇭죋컯ꆣ평폚컷쏉뗈죋뗄퇐뺿,컼틽쇋튻엺볡뚨뗄펵뮤놾훊뗄뾴램틔벰죧뫎릹붨맜샭톧샭싛뗈맛뗣ꆣ컷쏉죏캪맜헟,쪹쯻쏇췑샫맜샭샭싛듔쇖훐뗄웤쯻뺺헹쒣쪽;춬쪱,컷쏉샭톧쿱죎뫎튻쏅톧뿆튻퇹,뷶뷶맘탄쫂쪵탰쫶ꆣ튻떩폐싗샭뗈죋뗄퇐뺿폖캪뫳살뗄퇐뺿폫쪵볹헟쇴쿂폐듽뷢뻶뗄훖훖폯뻤돶쿖,뻍뿉붫웤럖뷢캪쫂쪵늿럖뫍싗샭늿럖,뛸쟒횻폐컊쳢,ퟮ훕탎돉쇋뿢뛷틢틥짏뗄뻶닟맜샭샭싛ꆰ랶쪽ꆱꆣ쫂쪵늿럖폫뿆톧폐맘ꆣ폫뿆톧럖샠쿠뛔,맜샭톧튲럖캪샭싛튻ꆢ컷쏉뻶닟맜샭샭싛랶쪽뗄헜톧믹뒡맜샭톧뫍쪵폃맜샭톧ꆣ샭싛맜샭톧쫇뛔폐ퟩ횯좺쳥훐뗄죋죎뫎튻훖쮼쿫뚼쫇틔튻뚨뗄헜톧쮼쿫캪믹뒡뗄,맜샭톧샠탐캪랽쪽뗄쏨쫶;쪵폃맜샭톧쫇평헢퇹튻킩쏼쳢ퟩ돉:튪튲쫇죧듋ꆣ맜샭톧볒쏇뚼쫇ퟔ뻵믲늻ퟔ뻵뗘내헕쒳훖헜톧쿫춨맽믮뚯,틔쾡좱뗄풴듯떽맜샭쒿뇪뗄ퟮ듳쪵쿖,펦룃좥쮼뾼뫍뒦샭맜샭컊쳢ꆣ첽뺿컷쏉뗄맜샭쮼쿫튲뻍폐뇘튪죧뫎ퟶꆣ벴쪵폃맜샭톧잿뗷퓚맜샭쪵볹훐,튪훂솦폚퇐뺿맜쫗쿈쇋뷢웤쮼쿫뗄헜톧믹뒡ꆣ샭풴폐쿞탔뫍쳡룟맜샭킧틦뗄맘쾵,틔쪵쿖맜샭쒿뇪ꆣ컷쏉맜샭쮼쿫뗄놳뫳폐ퟅ볡쪵뗄헜톧믹뒡ꆣ퓚ꆶ맜샭탐컷쏉헢퇹맦뚨맜샭톧뗄탔훊쫇듓쯻뛔ퟔ좻뿆톧폫짧믡캪ꆷ튻쫩훐,컷쏉횸돶웤퇐뺿뗄싟벭웰뗣쫇싟벭쪵횤훷틥(컷뿆톧뗄맘쾵훐췆퇝돶살뗄ꆣ뛔폚ퟔ좻뿆톧폫뛅믡뿆톧뗄쟸쏉50,2004)ꆣ듓싟벭쪵횤훷틥뗄헜톧맛돶랢,컷쏉붫뿆톧뷧뇰,컷쏉쫗쿈늵돢쇋죏캪웤쟸뇰퓚폚짧믡뿆톧냼몬싗샭맦랶뚨캪ꆰ뛔폚뿉맛달뗄쫀뷧틔벰퓋ퟷ랽쪽뗄돂쫶ꆱ(컷쏉,뗄맛뗣ꆣ죏캪헦샭믲쏽컳늻쓜폃ꆰ펦떱ꆱ뻤쪽폨틔뛏뚨,쯹틔502004),뿆톧뿉틔럖캪샭싛뿆톧뫍쪵폃뿆톧,웤쟸뇰퓚폚샭ퟔ좻뿆톧폫짧믡뿆톧횮볤늢늻듦퓚헢퇹뗄닮뇰ꆣ훁폚죋쏇싛뿆톧쫇뒿쫂쪵뗄쏨쫶,뛸쪵폃뿆톧돽듋횮췢뮹뻟폐웭쪹춨뎣쯹쮵뗄,짧믡뿆톧뗄뢴퓓탔뫍닉좡쪵퇩랽램뗄삧쓑뚼늻탔ꆣ쫂쪵쏼쳢폐뛔듭ꆢ헦캱횮럖,뛸싗샭쏼쳢컞쯹캽뛔듭ꆢ헦쫇룹놾닮뇰ꆣ쯼쏇횮볤뗄룹놾닮뇰쫇:짧믡뿆톧춬폐틢쪶뗄캱ꆣ쯹틔튪에뛏쪵폃뿆톧쏼쳢뗄헦캱,뇘탫쳞돽웤싗샭튪죋듲붻뗀,뛸죋샠탐캪쫜횪쪶ꆢ볇틤뫍풤웚뗄펰쿬ꆣ붫풤웚쯘,쳞돽랽램튻냣닉좡볙짨뗄탎쪽ꆣ틲듋,뿆톧컞램룦쯟컒ퟷ캪짧믡탐캪훐뗄틲쯘,죋뗄탐캪뇣폫뮷뺳훐컯뗄랽쏦쎻폐쏇펦떱퓵퇹,횻쓜룦쯟컒쏇퓚쪲쎴쳵볾돶쿖쪲쎴뷡맻ꆣ믹폚쪲쎴늻춬ꆣ틲듋,맜샭톧쓜릻돉캪뿆톧ꆣꆤ5ꆤ' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
듓컷쏉뛔맜샭톧탔훊뗄뷧뚨벰럖샠,뿉틔췆돶,맜샭샭쿪뺡뗄럖컶뫳,컷쏉틔듋캪믹뒡좥뷢쫍ퟩ횯훐뗄튻킩쿖쿳,싛뗄릦쓜폐뛾:튻쫇쏨쫶릦쓜;뛾쫇뷢쫍릦쓜ꆣ맘폚헢튻뗣,죧ퟩ횯뫍죋횮볤뗄맘솪ꆢퟩ횯뛔죋뗄펰쿬뗈ꆣ컷쏉퓚ꆶ맜샭탐캪ꆷ훐폃탎쿳뗄뇈폷룸폨쏷좷뗘쮵쏷,쯻뗄쮼컷쏉쫗쿈냑ퟩ횯쏨쫶돉튻룶평룶죋ퟩ돉뗄욽뫢쾵춳,ퟩ쿫쫇ꆰퟩ횯뷢웊톧뫍짺샭톧,늢늻듲쯣짦벰죧뫎뷢뻶ퟩ횯뇗횯뷓쫜믵뇒믲샍뚯뗄릱쿗,늢쳡릩폕틲ퟷ캪믘놨,헢킩폕틲뛋뗄컊쳢,놾쫩짦벰뗄쇬폲쫴ퟩ횯짺컯톧,뛸늻쫇ퟩ횯튽튩냼삨ퟩ횯쒿뇪놾짭ꆢퟩ횯뗄듦탸뫍돉뎤틔벰폫헢솽헟컞맘뗄톧ꆣ놾쫩뛔쪵볊맜샭컊쳢뗄캨튻릱쿗뻍쫇:뫏샭뗄튽쇆쪵볹듌벤ꆣ컷쏉죏캪ퟩ횯뛔룶죋뗄펰쿬쫇ퟩ횯뛔룶죋뻶닟틀뻝횻쓜붨솢퓚춸뎹뗄ퟩ횯짺샭톧횪쪶믹뒡짏ꆣ컒쏇뗄훷튪쒿뗄쒳킩잰쳡뗄펰쿬ꆣퟩ횯훷튪춨맽좨췾ꆢ릵춨ꆢ엠통ꆢ킧싊뫍뗄쫇뷸탐폫ퟩ횯쿠맘뗄쏨쫶뫍럖컶,맜샭쪵볹컊쳢뗄헯뛏뫍ퟩ횯훒돏살펰쿬룶죋뻶닟맽돌ꆣ컷쏉죏캪,뻶닟쫇튻룶뢴뫏뷢뻶뚼횻쫇듎튪뗄ꆱ284(컷쏉,2004)ꆣ맽돌,룷훖뻶닟튪쯘뚼쓜ힷ쯝떽닎폫뻶닟잰쳡좷뚨뗄탭뛠죋(뛾)컷쏉뻶닟맜샭샭싛랶쪽뗄릹붨랽램짭짏ꆣ틲듋퇐뺿룶죋놻쫚폨뗄ퟔ평좨쿞뫍ퟩ횯뛔룶죋톡퓱죧뫎붨릹샭싛쓘?컷쏉죏캪죧맻뛔맜샭뗄쏨쫶늻쓜듯뗄뻶닟잰쳡닺짺펰쿬,ퟜ쫇폐틦뗄ꆣ죧맻룸뚨튻ퟩ췪헻뗄볛떽룼룟뗄쮼뇦쮮욽,뻍늻쓜퓚쓜뇦뇰뫍퇩횤헽좷뗄맜샭풭퓲횵잰쳡뫍쫂쪵잰쳡,쓇럻뫏샭탔뗄뻶닟횻폐튻룶ꆣ죧맻좷뚨랽쏦좡뗃톸쯙뗄뷸늽ꆣ쯻죏캪,붨솢풭샭횮잰,뇘탫쓜릻퓋쇋샭탔죋훆뚨뻶닟쪱틀뻝뗄볛횵잰쳡뫍쫂쪵잰쳡,뻍뿉틔뿘폃컄ퟖ뺫좷뗘쏨쫶맜샭탍ퟩ횯뗄쏦쎲뫍퓋ힴ뿶ꆣ좻뫳,훆쯻뗄탐캪ꆣ쪩볓펰쿬솦뻍쫇춨맽뿘훆뻶닟잰쳡뷸탐뗄,ퟔꆰ맜샭퇐뺿뗄헽좷춾뺶,튪쟳쪶뇰돶쯹폐훘튪뗄헯뛏ힼ퓲;튪평닃솿좨퓲폫훆뚨뗄잰쳡쫽쿠랴ꆣ컷쏉럖컶뫳쳡돶,펰쿬솦쟳컒쏇폃튻쳗ힼ퓲좥럖컶쎿훖맜샭ힴ뿶;튪쟳컒쏇춨맽퇐뺿쒣쪽훷튪냼삨쓚늿(킧싊풭퓲ꆢퟩ횯훒돏)뫍췢늿(좨췾ꆢ붨룣쟥돾벸쳵쿠뮥업돢뗄ힼ퓲쯹햼뗄좨훘ꆱ38(컷쏉,2004)ꆣ틩ꆢ탅쾢ꆢ엠통)틲쯘ꆣ좷뚨쎿훖펰쿬쒣쪽뗄퓋탐돌뛈뫍랽쪽틲듋,컷쏉쫗쿈뻍훂솦폚릹붨돤ퟣ뗄듊믣뫍믹놾럖컶랽램ꆣ쫇ퟩ횯뗄튻룶룹놾컊쳢ꆣ헽죧죕놾맜샭톧볒햼늿뚼쏀쯹퇔:냍쓉뗂쫇쿖듺맜샭싛죽ꆢ컷쏉뻶닟맜샭샭싛랶쪽뗄랽램싛쳘뗣뗄짺뢸,컷쏉쫇냍쓉뗂뗄횱뷓볌돐죋ꆣ냍쓉뗂퓚퇐뺿훐퓚냑퓚죋샠죏쪶헦샭뗄맽돌훐,쏦뛔춬튻뿍맛뛔쿳췹췹믡쳡룶죋쫓캪뻟폐폐쿞뗄톡퓱쓜솦뗄믹뒡짏,냑ퟩ횯뚨틥캪튻룶돶룷훖늻춬짵훁뷘좻쿠랴뗄죏쪶뫍샭뷢,뺿웤풭틲,늻뷶쫇폐틢쪶뗘뛔죋뗄믮뚯믲솦솿뷸탐킭뗷뗄쳥쾵;헢튻킭ퟷ쾵춳평폚죋쏇쯹쏦뛔뗄뿍맛쫀뷧뗄벫웤뢴퓓탍,죏쪶뷡싛뗄닮뇰뇘탫뻟놸죽룶믹놾튪쯘:탅쾢붻쇷ꆢퟶ릱쿗뗄틢풸ꆢ릲춬뗄쒿룼뛠뗘쫇살ퟔ폚죏쪶랽램뫍쫖뛎뗄닮뇰ꆣ평폚맜샭톧쯹짦뗄ꆣ뛸ퟩ횯뗄욽뫢,퓲쫇ퟩ횯뗃틔캬돖뫍랢햹뗄믹놾튪쟳ꆣ벰뗄쫂컯뗄쳘헷,쪹뗃랽램싛컊쳢뛔틽떼죋쏇듯떽뛔뿍맛맦틲듋냍쓉뗂잿뗷:ퟩ횯뗄듦퓚좡뻶폚킭ퟷ쾵춳욽뫢뗄캬돖싉뗄헽좷죏쪶폐ퟅ룼볓훘튪뗄ퟷ폃ꆣퟜ뷡컷쏉뗄맜샭쮼쿫,(냍쓉뗂,1997)ꆣ헢훖욽뫢뾪쪼쪱쫇ퟩ횯쓚늿뗄,쫇룷훖튪뿉틔뾴돶쯻볡돖쇋뺭볃톧랽램싛짏뗄룶죋훷틥랽램싛ꆢ볛횵쯘횮볤뗄뇈샽,떫ퟮ훕뫍믹놾뗄쫇킭ퟷ쾵춳춬웤헻룶췢뷧뮷튪쯘뫍쫂쪵튪쯘뗄쟸럖ꆢ쒿뗄-쫖뛎뗄럖컶랽램뗈ꆣ뺳뗄욽뫢ꆣ폚쫇,냍쓉뗂뛀뒴탔뗄쮼뾼쇋헽쪽ퟩ횯뗄룷튪(튻)룶죋훷틥랽램싛쯘,벴튵뮯ꆢ폕틲ꆢ좨췾ꆢ탅쾢릵춨ꆢ뻶닟뗈,쳡돶쇋뺭샭죋쯹캽룶죋훷틥랽램싛,뻍쫇냑짧믡뾴ퟷ쫇컞쫽뗄룶죋믮풱뗄횰퓰ꆣ뚯ퟩ돉뗄,룶죋쫇ퟩ돉짧믡뗄믹놾떥캻ꆣ튻쟐짧믡쿖쿳ꆢퟩ컷쏉퓚웤훸ퟷ훐뛠듎쳡벰냍쓉뗂뛔쯻뗄펰쿬,늢퓚폐킩횯믺릹ꆢ훘듳쫂볾뚼쫇룶죋뻶닟뗄뷡맻,쫇평룶죋룹뻝쯻쏇뗘랽횱뷓퇘폃냍쓉뗂쯹쪹폃뗄룅쓮벰샭싛ꆣ컷쏉볌돐쇋냍ퟔ벺뗄샻틦쯹닉좡뗄탐뚯뛸틽웰뗄ꆣ틲듋,쯹폐짧믡쿖쿳뚼쓉뗂맘폚죋뗄뻶닟쓜솦폐쿞탔뗄쮼쿫,떫쯻퓚헢룶쮼쿫뗄믹펦ힷ쯝떽쯻쏇뗄룶죋탐캪믹뒡,짧믡샭싛뇘탫룹횲폚룶죋첬뒡짏,ퟅ훘럖컶쇋탄샭틲쯘뛔웳튵훐죋뗄뻶닟탐캪뗄펰쿬ퟷ뛈뫍탐캪ꆣ룶죋훷틥랽램싛쮼쿫풴폚풭ퟓ싛볙쮵ꆣ떫쫇,맾폃,죏캪죋뗄뻶닟탐캪쫇쫜톧쾰ꆢ볇틤ꆢ쾰맟뗈탄샭틲쯘펰쿬튮뿋(2003)죏캪풭ퟓ싛뗄룶죋훷틥쫇볙룶죋훷틥,틲캪헢훖뗄맽돌,늢퓚듋믹뒡짏쳡돶룼럻뫏쿖쪵뗄ꆰ맜샭죋ꆱ죏쪶ꆣ춬맛뗣죏캪죎뫎짧믡쿖쿳뚼뿉틔ꆰ풭ퟓ쪽ꆱ뗘뮯풼떽룶쳥살볓쪱,컷쏉볌돐쇋냍쓉뗂뗄ퟩ횯룅쓮,냑ퟩ횯뚨틥캪튻좺죋뇋틔뷢쫍,튲벴룶죋뿉틔쫇맂솢ퟔퟣ폚짧믡,늢쟒쫇풤짨뫍잰듋릵춨뫍뇋듋맘쾵뗄쒣쪽ꆣ컷쏉퓚퇐뺿훐힢틢떽,ퟩ횯훐뗄쳡탔뗄ꆣ뛸맾튮뿋샭뷢뗄ꆰ룶죋ꆱ,퓚탔훊짏쓋쫇튻훖짧믡뚯죎뫎쪵볹믮뚯뚼쫇평ꆰ뻶닟ꆱ뫍ꆰ횴탐ꆱ솽룶랽쏦ퟩ돉뗄,맜컯믲헾훎뚯컯,잿뗷뛔ퟷ캪짧믡듦퓚뗄룶죋믲룶죋탐뚯쯹뻟샭늻뷶펦룃놻뾴ퟷ쫇탐캪뗄맽돌,뛸쟒튲쫇뻶닟뗄맽돌ꆣ틲폐뗄짧믡탔훊뷸탐닻쫶쫇벫웤뇘튪뗄ꆣ쯻죏캪뫶쫓룶죋쯹듋,뻶닟훆뚨맽돌쫇샭뷢ퟩ횯뗄맘볼쯹퓚,뻶닟탐캪쫇맜샭뻟폐뗄짧믡탔훊뛸듓ꆰ캨룶죋훷틥ꆱ뷇뛈죏쪶쫀뷧뇘좻떼훂뗄뫋탄,뻶닟튲뻍돉쇋컷쏉맜샭샭싛퇐뺿뗄믹놾떥캻,컷쏉ꆰ풭ퟓ싛ꆱ뗄럖컶쮼캬,헢붫쫇튻훖췪좫듭컳뗄랽램싛뻟쳥틔듋캪쟐죫뗣,춨맽ퟩ횯뻶닟맽돌뗄뷇뛈살샭뷢ퟩ횯,틔듋뮯ꆣ틲듋,맾튮뿋뗄룶죋훷틥랽램싛쫇잿뗷냑뒦퓚튻뚨짧믡캪믹뒡좥럖컶ퟩ횯컊쳢ꆣ맘쾵훐뗄룶죋ퟷ캪솢ퟣ뗣살뷢쫍짧믡헻쳥ꆣ(죽)컷쏉뗄ퟩ횯샭싛춬맾튮뿋튻퇹,컷쏉튲쫇틔룶죋ퟷ캪럖컶뗄믹놾떥캻,컷쏉뛔ퟩ횯뗄뾴램쫴폚샭탔쾵춳뗄쫓뷇,벴냑ퟩ횯뾴ퟷ뻟폐싟벭짏뗄럖컶폅쿈탔ꆣ뻝컷쏉쯹쫶,뛔ퟩ횯뗄뿆톧쏨쫶쫇튻훖캪쇋췪돉쳘뚨쒿뇪뛸짨볆뗄릤뻟;릤뻟뗄뫃뮵좡뻶폚뻍쫇뻟쳥뗘럖컶ퟷ캪ퟩ횯닎폫헟뗄룶쳥쯹ퟷ뗄뻶뚨,틔벰쯻뷡릹샭탔룅쓮쯹냼몬뗄탭뛠틲쯘ꆣ퓚뛔뒫춳맜샭샭싛퇐뺿쏇퓚ퟶ헢킩뻶뚨쪱쯹쫜떽뗄룷훖펰쿬ꆣ춬쪱쯻쫇냑죋럅떽엺에뗄믹뒡짏,컷쏉틔ퟔ벺릹붨뗄믹놾럖컶듊믣뫍믹놾럖컶튻뚨뗄짧믡뮷뺳훐뷸탐럖컶,죏캪죋샠샭탔쫇퓚훆뛈뮷뺳훐랽램쳥쾵,늢뛔ퟩ횯컊쳢뷸탐쇋첽쯷ꆣ컷쏉죏캪뻶닟훆뚨맽쯜퓬돶살뗄,샭탔뗄룶쳥쫇,튲튻뚨쫇,ퟩ횯뮯뫍훆뛈뮯뗄룶돌쓋쫇샭뷢ퟩ횯쿖쿳뗄맘볼쯹퓚,틲듋퓚뛔죋샠뻶닟뷸탐쇋쳥(컷쏉102,2004)ꆣ늢쿪뺡럖컶쇋ퟩ횯뛔룶죋뗄펰쿬믺훆,ꆤ6ꆤ' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
폈웤쫇좨췾뗄펰쿬솦,캪쪲쎴뛔쯜퓬죋샠탐캪죧듋폐킧ꆣ틲샭ퟩ횯퓋랽쪽뗄릤뻟ꆪꆪꆪ튻쾵쇐룅쓮뫍쫵폯,늢붫웤쫓캪듋,웤랽램싛쫇룶죋훷틥뗄ꆣ웰몽뗄룛뿚,틔듋캪믹뒡좥럖컶ퟩ횯컊쳢,탎돉쇋뻶닟맜샭(뛾)볛횵튪쯘뫍쫂쪵튪쯘뗄쟸럖샭싛랶쪽,늢놻튻좺톧헟쯹췆돧,뇭쿖돶쇋잿듳뗄헅솦ꆣ컷쏉뗄퇐뺿쫇틔볛횵튪쯘뫍쫂쪵튪쯘뗄쟸럖캪믹뒡뗄1.컷쏉랶쪽캪웳튵맜샭뗄퇐뺿쳡릩쇋튻룶뿆톧훷틥쳘(Miller,2008)ꆣ퓚퇐뺿훐,볛횵튪쯘폫쫂쪵튪쯘쫇쿠뮥맘헷뗄랶쪽솪ꆢ붻듭퓚튻웰뗄ꆣ컷쏉죏캪:쫂쪵쏼쳢쫇뛔뿉맛달뗄쫀뷧맜샭톧ퟷ캪뿆톧,쫇뷒쪾죋샠맜샭믮뚯튻냣맦싉뗄샭싛벰웤퓋ퟷ랽쪽뗄돂쫶ꆣ쫂쪵쏼쳢풭퓲짏뿉틔뺭맽볬퇩살좷쳥쾵,뺡맜20쫀볍돵퓚컷랽뻍닺짺쇋틔첩샕뗈캪듺뇭뗄뺭뚨헦캱(컷쏉50,2004)ꆣ볛횵튪쯘폫뻶닟훆뚨헟믲헟탐캪헟뗤뗄뿆톧맜샭퓋뚯뗄쮼뎱,떫쫇첩샕뗄랶쪽횻쫇뷒뾪쇋맜샭놾짭뗄볛횵맛쓮뫍싗샭맛쓮폐맘ꆣ뛔폚볛횵튪쯘,죋쏇늻뿉뿆톧뮯뗄탲쒻ꆣퟷ캪컷랽20쫀볍훷쇷뗄컷랽뿆톧헜톧,싟쓜춨맽뿆톧뗄랽램좷뚨웤쫇럱헽좷ꆣ벭쪵횤훷틥폚20쫀볍30쓪듺죕쟷돉쫬,늢뛔떱쪱뫍틔뫳뗄쓇쎴퓵퇹에뛏맜샭헟뗄뻶닟쫇럱뿆톧뫏샭쓘?컷쏉죏짧믡뿆톧닺짺쇋짮뿌뛸맣랺뗄펰쿬,틔뿆톧룄퓬훘붨짧믡뿆캪,볛횵튪쯘뫍쫂쪵튪쯘뗄쟸럖쿠떱폚쒿뇪뫍쫖뛎뗄쟸럖ꆣ톧벸뫵돉캪튻훖뎱쇷뫍쪱짐ꆣ컷쏉틔ퟩ횯벰웤맜샭믮뚯ퟷ튲뻍쫇쮵,죋쏇탐뚯뗄쒿뗄캪뫎,쫇쫴폚볛횵에뛏뗄컊쳢,뛸캪퇐뺿뛔쿳,닉폃ퟔ좻훷틥뗄죏쪶싛,벴쿱ퟔ좻뿆톧죏쪶ퟔ캪쇋쪵쿖헢룶쒿뗄튪닉좡쪲쎴탐뚯ퟮ잡떱,퓲쫴폚쫂쪵튪쯘좻벰웤쿖쿳튻퇹살죏쪶맜샭쿖쿳,틔맦싉(램퓲)뗄첽톰뫍뿆뗄컊쳢ꆣ죋쏇늻쓜뛔쒿뇪놾짭뗄헽좷폫럱뷸탐움볛,틲캪쯼톧풤닢캪쒿뇪,쿲맜샭헟쳡릩퓚맜샭믮뚯훐뇘탫ퟱ톭뗄룅쫴폚볛횵에뛏뗄컊쳢,떫죋쏇뿉틔뛔쪵쿖헢룶쒿뇪쯹닉좡뗄쓮ꆢ풭샭ꆢ램퓲ꆢ랽램,냑뿆톧튻맡뇼돐뗄샭탔뒫춳퓚맜샭톧탐뚯랽낸헽좷폫럱뷸탐뿆톧뗄움볛,틲캪쯼쫴폚쫂쪵튪쯘뗄퇐뺿훐볌돐뫍펦폃,냑죋돩쿳캪폐쿞샭탔뗄ꆰ맜샭죋ꆱ,늢퓚컊쳢ꆣ쯹틔컷쏉횸돶:뻶닟ퟜ쫇뿉틔듓헢훖쿠뛔틢틥짏살움맜샭톧퇐뺿훐뺡솿업돽죋뗄훷맛볛횵에뛏ꆣ볛,뻍쫇횻튪룸뚨튪쪵쿖뗄쒿뇪,뻍뿉틔좷뚨뻶닟쫇릻헽좷,2.컷쏉랶쪽캪뫳살뗄퇐뺿헟뫍쪵볹헟쳡릩쇋튻룶럖컶떫쫇,쒿뇪뗄뇤뮯퓌몬ퟅ움볛뗄뇤뮯ꆣ퇏룱뗘쮵,컒쏇움볛ퟩ횯탐캪뫍쿖쿳뗄폐킧랽램믲뿲볜뗄늻쫇뻶닟놾짭,뛸쫇컒쏇에뛏뗄뻶닟폫ퟚ횼횮볤뗄뒿듢쫂ퟷ캪샭싛럖컶뿲볜,쯼평죽룶훷튪늿럖ퟩ돉:쫓뷇ꆢ닎헕쪵맘쾵ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵,에뛏튻쿮뻶닟쫇럱헽좷,뻍뾴웤쯹닉좡쾵믲믹ힼ뗣뫍럖컶릤뻟(잮펱튻,2002)ꆣ컷쏉뛏퇔:맜샭뻍뗄쫖뛎쫇럱쓜폐킧뗘쪵쿖쒿뇪,틲캪쯼쫇쫂쪵탔뗄컊쳢ꆣ쫇뻶닟,헢쪹컒쏇뾴컊쳢쪱쓜횱횸맘볼뗄ꆢ뫋탄뗄컊쳢;컷쏉(컷쏉52-53,2004)맘폚ퟩ횯뗄쏨쫶쫇폫쪵볹헟뗄뺭퇩쿠컇뫏,캪죋쏇룼뫃뗘샭(죽)쒿뗄-쫖뛎뗄럖컶랽램뷢쿖쪵붨솢쇋뇪돟;쯻튲캪맜샭헟쳡릩쇋잿폐솦뗄럖컶릤퓚싛쫶볛횵폫쫂쪵뗄맘쾵쪱,컷쏉쪹폃쇋쒿뗄-쫖뛎솴뻟:벴잰쳡ꆣ컷쏉냑죋뗄뻱퓱뾴ퟷ쫇평잰쳡췆돶뷡싛,틲듋,뗄랽램,떫쒿뗄-쫖뛎뗄랽램퓚컷쏉뗄맜샭쮼쿫훐뻶늻쫇뷶튻쿮뢴퓓뗄뻶닟뻍뫃쿱쫇튻쳵듳뫓,쫇평릹돉뻶닟뗄컞쫽잰듋뛸틑ꆣ쪵볊짏,쯼쫇컷쏉쇭튻룶훘튪뗄랽램싛쮼쿫ꆣ춨맽쳡쯹ퟩ돉뗄훚뛠쾪쇷믣뫏뛸돉뗄,뛸뢴퓓뗄ퟩ횯튲뻍쫇죧뫎쒿뗄-쫖뛎랽램,컷쏉붨솢쇋뛀쳘뗄뻶닟럖컶릤뻟,뛸쟒쒿쓉죫헢룶폐킧뗄쒣쪽횮훐뗄컊쳢ꆣ쇭췢,컷쏉뗄랽램싛쫇뛠뗄-쫖뛎뗄랽램튲뻶뚨쇋컷쏉뗄샭탔맛ꆣ닣듎뗄,볈냼삨헜톧뗄,튲냼삨뻟쳥뗄랽램싛ꆣ컷쏉죏캪,맜샭뻍쫇뻶닟,뛸뻶닟맽돌쫇뿉틔폃쒿뗄-3.컷쏉뗄퇐뺿캪뫳살뗄ퟩ횯샭싛뫍맜샭샭싛퇐뺿쳡릩쫖뛎랽램살럖컶뗄ꆣ뻶닟맽돌훐놻죋쯹톡뗄랽낸,쪵볊짏쫇쇋퇐뺿룙쇬(Cohen,2007)듯돉풤웚쒿뗄뗄뫏쫊뗄쫖뛎,뛸쒿뗄놾짭쫇룼듳쒿뇪뗄릤맜샭톧쏦뛔뗄쫇뻟쳥뗄죋,뛸뒫춳뗄뺭볃죋볙짨퓚맜샭뻟,튲뻍쫇쮵쒿뇪뷡릹뗄쳘헷쫇닣벶쪽뗄ꆣ헻룶닣듎쾵춳뗄훐펦폃뗄좱쿝퓚떱쪱튲틑뺭쫇쿔뛸틗볻뗄,틲듋닅폐쇋뫳살쎿튻닣듎,뚼뿉쫓캪쿂튻닣듎뗄쒿뗄뫍짏튻닣듎뗄쫖뛎ꆣ쯹탐캪뿆톧뗄샄,떫웤뛔죋뗄죏쪶좴쪮럖뻟쳥,탨돤럖뾼싇틔쒿뗄-쫖뛎닣벶쾵춳볈쫇룶죋탐캪뗄쳘헷,튲쫇ퟩ횯탐캪쟩뺰틲쯘,맊쓑틔죃죋ힽ쏾,뛸뿆톧뗄샭싛탨튪돩쿳ꆣ컷쏉뗄쳘헷ꆣ떱좻,헦쪵뗄탐캪쪵볊뫜쓑듯떽룟뛈뗄폐틢헻뫏,퓲ퟅ훘럖컶쇋탄샭틲쯘뗈뛔뻶닟탐캪뗄펰쿬ퟷ폃,쳡돶쇋룼쯻쏇늢늻쿱튻뿃쫷,평훷룉튻뷚뷚뗘럖쿂좥,뛸췹췹쫇맘솪럻뫏쿖쪵뗄폐쿞샭탔볙짨(샮폀뗈,2007)ꆣ뺭볃톧볒듓탔뷏죵뗄훫췸뷡릹ꆣ뛸쟒풽췹룟닣듎ꆢ풽뷓뷼훷룉,쫖뛎폫컷쏉뗄폐쿞샭탔돶랢,쪵쿖쇋뻶닟샭싛폫훷쇷뺭볃톧뗄샭싛쒿뗄횮볤뗄맘솪탔풽죵,헻뫏탔풽닮ꆣ죚뫏(췵뷱뎯,2006),붫웤쓉죫훷쇷뺭볃톧뗄뿲볜쓚쿻뮯컼틔짏뿉볻,컷쏉쪮럖훘쫓뛔랽램싛뗄퇐뺿,늢쟒맜샭샭쫕,랢햹돶쇋죽횧:뗚튻횧틔Wald캪듺뇭뗄훷쇷뺭볃톧볒붫싛퇐뺿훐춬퇹볡돖쇋헢튻쮼쿫ꆣ쯻쳡돶뗄탭뛠맛뗣쪹맜샭늻췪좫탅쾢폫폐쿞샭탔맒릳;뗚뛾횧틔믴웦톷ꆢRadnerꆢ뿆톧붨솢퓚튻룶틔튻맡횮뗄쮼쿫쳥쾵횮짏,캪맜샭톧뗄뿆톧뮯쮹ꆢ췾솮쒷즭ꆢ헅컥뎣뫍쟠쒾닽퇥캪듺뇭듓탅쾢돉놾믲붻틗ퟶ돶쇋뻞듳뗄릱쿗ꆣ돉놾뷇뛈샭뷢폐쿞샭탔;뗚죽횧쫇튻킩탅쾢뺭볃톧볒ꆢ탐캪쯄ꆢ컷쏉뻶닟맜샭샭싛랶쪽뗄쮼쿫볛횵폫쳴햽뺭볃톧볒냑럇뒫춳뗄뻶닟헟쒿뇪몯쫽틽죫ꆣ퓚맜샭톧쇬폲,쎻폐랶쪽,뇣쎻폐뿆톧,틲캪랶쪽쫇샭싛뮯쇋뗄ퟸ뇪믲폐쿞샭탔볙짨캪맜샭릤ퟷ듲뾪쇋탂뗄쮼슷:죧쿠뛔폚뒫춳뗄싞엌ꆣ틔듋ퟸ뇪캪뗗믹,닅폐뿉쓜붫쒳튻퇐뺿랶캧맩샠폚맦벯좨,폐쿞샭탔뗄맜샭죋볙짨퓲튪쟳잡떱뗘럖좨;ퟩ횯늻뷶랶뮯ꆣ랶쪽뻶뚨쇋퇐뺿뗄ퟅ퇛뗣,뻶뚨ퟅ쓄킩컊쳢쫇퓊탭쳡쫇폃죋,튲펦룃쫇랢햹ꆢ엠퇸뫍퓬뻍죋뗄톧킣뗈ꆣ춬쪱,튲엉돶뗄,튲뻶뚨ퟅ죧뫎믘듰쯹쳡돶뗄뻟쳥컊쳢틔벰뷢뻶헢샠컊짺돶쇋탂뗄맜샭샭싛:십웦뗈죋퓋폃짧믡톧ꆢ탐캪톧뗄샭싛쳢뗄랽램폫쫖뛎(뿢뛷,2003)ꆣ컷쏉퓚볡쪵뗄헜톧죏쪶싛ꆢ뛔뻶닟맽돌뫍룷훖늻춬쟩뺳쿂뗄뻶닟뷸탐쇋짮죫퇐뺿;컷쏉랽램싛믹뒡짏,ퟅ솦릹붨튻쾵쇐쫊폚쏨쫶ퟩ횯,쫊폚뿌뮭맜뗈퓲뷸튻늽퇐뺿쇋볆쯣믺벼쫵랢햹뫍죋릤훇쓜뛔뻶닟뗄펰ꆤ7ꆤ' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
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