2010쓪02퓂ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ(뗚24뻭뗚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡFeb1,201002웚)EastChinaEconomicManagement(,)ꇱ훐킡웳튵ꆾDOIꆿ1013969/j1issn11007-5097120101021032훐킡웳튵죋닅뗄쇷뚯욫뫃:믹폚붻틗돉놾뗄쫓뷇췵횾쳎,엡뎤뾡(뫓쓏릤튵듳톧ꆡ맜샭톧풺,뫓쓏ꆡ횣훝ꆡ450001)[햪튪]훐킡웳튵죋닅맽룟뗄쇷뚯뇈싊튻횱쫇죋솦풴쇬폲퇐뺿뗄죈뗣컊쳢ꆣ컄헂듓붻틗돉놾뗄쫓뷇쳖싛붻틗돉놾뛔훐킡웳튵죋닅쇷뚯욫뫃뗄펰쿬,룸돶쇋믹폚붻틗돉놾뫍쫕틦럖컶쿂죋닅쇷뚯톡퓱뗄샭싛릹볜ꆣ붻틗돉놾춨맽닺폃돌뛈ꆢ늻좷뚨탔뫍붻틗욵싊퓚뫜듳돌뛈짏펰쿬ퟅ훐킡웳튵죋닅뗄쇷뚯톡퓱,훐킡웳튵펦볓잿뫋탄벼쫵횧독붨짨,쳡룟죋솦놾폃돌뛈,퓶볓뛔폃탔죋닅뗄춶죫듓뛸컈뚨웳튵ퟔ짭죋닅믺훆ꆣ[맘볼듊]훐킡웳튵;죋닅쇷뚯;쇷뚯욫뫃;붻틗돉놾[훐춼럖샠뫅]F270ꆡꆡꆡ[컄쿗뇪횾싫]Aꆡꆡꆡ[컄헂뇠뫅]1007ꆪ5097(2010)02ꆪ0133ꆪ02ThePreferenceofSmallandMediumEnterprisespiTurnoverBasedonTransaction2costWANGZhi2tao,PEIChang2jun(SchoolofManagement,UniversityofTechnology,Zhengzhou450001,China)Abstract:-costandtheturnoverpreferenceofstuffsinsmallandmediumenterprises,-costinfluencestheturnoverselectioninthesmallandmediumenterprisesbythedegreeofassetspecificity,,smallandmediumenterprisesshouldenhancetheconstructionofcoretechnology,:smallandmediumenterprises;turnover;preference;transaction2costꆡꆡ죋닅뗄쫊뛈쇷뚯쓜캪웳튵힢죫탂뗄톪튺뫍믮솦,춬쪱튲뫍붻틗욵싊[2]ꆣ뛸튻킩맛뗣죏캪붻틗뗄뫋탄쫇뒦샭죋폫죋횮쫇죋닅뗄튻룶퓙톧쾰ꆢ퓙쳡룟뗄맽돌,좻뛸죋닅맽폚욵랱뗄볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ놾컄죏춬틔쿂맛뗣:풱릤폫웳튵횮볤뗄맘쾵웤쪵쇷뚯퓲믡듸살튻쾵쇐짧믡컊쳢ꆣ죋쫂늿랢늼뗄2006쓪죋닅쫇튻훖뫏ퟷ,춬쪱튲쫇튻훖붻틗,뛸풱릤컞싛쫇튻횱릩횰폚쇷뚯놨룦쿔쪾,2006쓪폐860췲죋닎폫쇷뚯,뇈2005쓪퓶튻룶웳튵뮹쫇쇷뚯떽웤쯻웳튵,뚼쫇튻훖붻틗믮뚯,볈좻쫇볓2817%ꆣ횪쏻죋닅췸햾잰돌컞폇뛔죋닅쇷뚯뗄뗷닩쫽뻝쿔붻틗,뚼믡폐돉놾듦퓚,룹뻝붻틗돉놾샭싛,붻틗ퟜ쫇쿲ퟅ쪾,훐맺2007쓪뫍2008쓪웳튵죋닅쇷뚯싊럖뇰쫇2213%뫍돉놾ퟮ킡뗄랽쿲뷸탐[3]ꆣ놾컄캧죆헢튻컊쳢,틔붻틗돉놾샭2311%,뫜뛠훐킡웳튵죋닅뗄쇷뚯싊뎬맽쇋50%ꆣ훐킡웳튵싛캪돶랢뗣,뛔펰쿬훐킡웳튵죋닅쇷뚯뗄틲쯘뷸탐럖컶ꆣ죋닅맽폚욵랱뗄쇷뚯믡룸웳튵퓬돉죋솦놾춶뗄쯰쪧뫍죋(뛾)죋닅폫웳튵뗄쮫쿲즸톡쇷뚯솦풴훘탂엤훃뗄돉놾,틑뺭돉캪웳튵릫죏뗄샻죳쿝?,춬벸뫵쯹폐훐킡웳튵쒿잰쯹펵폐뗄죋닅퓚놾훊짏뚼쫇퓝쪱쪱튲뛔죋닅ퟔ짭뗄랢햹탎돉훆풼ꆣ탔뗄,죋닅쿠뛔폚웳튵뗄웤쯻닺살쮵,웤뿉뿘탔쿠뛔뷏튻ꆢ붻틗돉놾쫓뷇쿂훐킡웳튵뗄죋닅쇷뚯뗍,쟒폫죋닅쿠맘뗄돉놾뷏룟ꆣ훐킡웳튵폫죋닅횮볤뗄뫏ퟷ(튻)붻틗돉놾쫓뷇쿂풱릤폫웳튵뗄맘쾵쫇튻훖쮫쿲즸톡ꆢ뮥뚯뗄맘쾵,웳튵퓚뛔죋닅뗄즸톡맽돌훐뒫춳뗄붻틗돉놾샭싛놻폃살퇐뺿웳튵횮볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ붻틗믡쳔청튻늿럖죋,뛸춬쪱튻늿럖죋튲믡퓚뛔웳튵뗄죏횪맽돌훐듦퓚뗄돉놾쫇ꆰ쪹폃볛룱믺훆뗄돉놾ꆱ[(C1]oase,1937);훐톡퓱쇴쿂믲쫇샫뾪,죋닅뫍웳튵횮볤뗄헢훖맘쾵뿉틔쪾틢Demsetz(1968)냑붻틗돉놾뚨틥캪ꆰ붻뮻쯹폐좨뗄돉놾ꆱ;죧춼1ꆣDahlman(1979)횸돶ꆰ쪵볊횻폐튻훖붻틗돉놾,쓇뻍쫇평훐킡웳튵뫍죋닅퓚뺭맽쮫쿲즸톡횮뫳,ퟮ훕믡폐튻늿럖폚탅쾢늻췪좫떼훂뗄풴쯰쪧ꆱ[1];Williamson(1985,죋믡쇴쿂살,뛸쇭췢튻늿럖퓲믡훘탂뷸죫떽쇷뚯죋닅샯쏦,2002)횸돶쇋붻틗돉놾뗄죽쿮쳘헷캪닺폃탔ꆢ늻좷뚨탔뷸탐탂튻싖뗄쇷뚯ꆣ놾컄붫듓붻틗돉놾뗄쫓뷇살뷢뛁훐킡웳[쫕룥죕웚]2009ꆪ09ꆪ24[믹뷰쿮쒿]뫓쓏쪡뿆벼쳼죭뿆톧쿮쒿(082400410240);뫓쓏릤튵듳톧늩쪿믹뷰쿮쒿(2007bs006)[ퟷ헟볲뷩]췵횾쳎(1964ꆪ),쓐,즽뚫폭돇죋,뷌쫚,쮶쪿짺떼쪦,뺭볃톧늩쪿,퇐뺿랽쿲:웳튵샭싛,릫쮾햽싔;엡뎤뾡(1983ꆪ),쓐,뫓쓏탂쿧죋,퇐뺿짺,퇐뺿랽쿲:웳튵맜샭ꆣꆪ133ꆪ
튵죋닅뛔쇷뚯뗄욫뫃벰쇷뚯톡퓱ꆣ뫍톡퓱ꆣ웳튵쳡릩룸죋닅뗄횧돖폫죋닅웚췻뗄늻튻훂떼훂뫜뛠죋닅폐ꆰ쇭쒱룟뻍ꆱ뗄듲쯣ꆣ틲듋,웤뛔쇷뚯쫇폐쒳훖돌뛈뗄욫뫃뗄,헢훖욫뫃믡펰쿬웤릤ퟷ킧싊폫튵벨[4],뛸헢훖욫뫃돌뛈뗄룟뗍퓲좡뻶폚죋닅쇷뚯룸ퟔ짭듸살뗄돉놾뫍쫕틦뗄뇈뷏[5],쳘뇰뗘,듳탍웳튵뻟폐뷏룟뗄컈뚨탔ꆢ닺폃탔뫍뗍뗄늻좷뚨탔,웤죋닅뗄쇷뚯욫뫃쫜떽돽붻틗돉놾횮췢룼뛠틲쯘뗄펰쿬,틲듋,놾컄쳡돶뗄틔쿂럖컶뿲볜횻쫊뫏훐킡웳튵ꆣퟛ짏쯹쫶,뿉볙짨훐킡웳튵죋닅뛔쇷뚯뗄욫뫃돌뛈캪L,L뗄듳킡쫜솽룶듳뗄틲쯘펰쿬,벴풤웚돉놾뫍풤웚쫕틦,폃Ce뇭쪾풤웚돉놾,Re뇭쪾풤웚쫕틦,퓲폐L=Re/Ceꆡꆡ(Re>0,Ce>0)(1)춼1ꆡ죋닅폫웳튵쮫쿲즸톡쇷뚯춼듓짏쏦뗄쪽ퟓ뿉틔뾴돶,풤웚쫕틦Re폫뛔쇷뚯뗄욫뫃돌뛈(죽)붻틗돉놾펰쿬죋닅뛔쇷뚯뗄욫뫃돌뛈돉헽뇈맘쾵,뛸풤웚돉놾Ce퓲폫뛔쇷뚯뗄욫뫃돌뛈돉룟뗄죋닅쇷뚯싊쮵쏷훐킡웳튵죋닅쇷뚯뗄틢풸돌뛈뷏랴뇈맘쾵,풤웚쫕틦Re풽듳,뛔캴살뗄맀볆풽샖맛,퓲뛔룟쇷뚯뗄욫뫃돌뛈뻍풽룟,풤웚돉놾Ce풽듳,뛔캴살탎쫆늻,놾컄틔죋닅뛔쇷뚯뗄욫뫃돌뛈살뷢쫍헢훖틢풸돌뛈,헢샯쯹쮵뗄욫뫃,쫇횸죋닅럅웺쒿잰릩횰뗄룚캻믲웳튵쇷뚯떽뾴뫃,퓲믡뛔죋닅뗄쇷뚯탎돉튻뚨뗄훆풼ꆣ퓚릫쪽(1)훐,웤쯻룚캻믲웳튵뗄틢풸돌뛈,쿔좻,뛔쇷뚯뗄욫뫃돌뛈풽L=1뇭쏷풤웚쫕틦뫍풤웚돉놾쿠뗈,벴Re=Ce,듋쪱죋닅룟쇷뚯욫뫃캪훐탔;뛸죧맻L>1퓲쮵쏷풤웚쫕틦듳폚풤웚돉,웤뛔웳튵살쮵,컈뚨탔뻍뷏뗍,뛸웳튵캪듋쯹뢶돶뗄돉놾뻍믡풽룟ꆣ놾,벴Re>Ce,죋닅룼쟣쿲쇷뚯;L<1쮵쏷풤웚쫕틦킡폚풤웚돉놾,벴Re<Ce,뇭쏷죋닅뛔쒿잰뗄릤ퟷ싺틢,늻풸틢1.닺폃탔ꆣ죋닅쫇튻훖죋솦놾,죋솦놾폃탔쫇횸풱릤퓚튻룶웳튵쯹쪹폃뗄횪쪶뫍벼쓜뛔웤쯻웳튵뗄폐폃샫뾪쿖폐뗄룚캻ꆣ뛸풤웚쫕틦뫍풤웚돉놾뚼춬퇹쫜떽뛠훖틲돌뛈쯘뗄펰쿬,죧뺭볃탎쫆ꆢ탐튵욽뻹쫕틦쮮욽ꆢ뛔ퟔ짭쓜솦맀,폐폃돌뛈풽룟,퓲닺폃탔뷏뗍,럱퓲닺폃탔뷏룟,룟뗄닺폃탔틢캶ퟅ룟뗄돁쎻돉놾뫍쇷뚯돉놾ꆣ볆ꆢ쒿잰쫕틦ꆢ룶죋풤웚뗈ꆣ듳솿틑횪쫽뻝뇭쏷,쓜펰쿬풤웚쫕틦Re뗄훷튪틲쯘폐쒿잰쫕틦Rnꆢ탐튵욽뻹쫕틦Rꢻꆢ뺭2.늻좷뚨탔ꆣ늻좷뚨탔틢캶ퟅ캴살뗄탎쫆늻쓜췪좫헆컕,뛔폚캴살뗄믺믡믲럧쿕늻쓜췪좫풤횪ꆣ늻좷뚨탔풽듳볃탎쫆Es뫍뛔ퟔ짭뗄쓜솦맀볆A,짨웤쯻듎튪펰쿬틲쯘캪,뛔캴살뗄풤닢풽삧쓑,룸쇷뚯듸살뗄훆풼뻍풽쏷쿔ꆣF1,퓲컒쏇뿉틔죏캪풤웚쫕틦쫇헢뛠룶펰쿬틲쯘뗄틲뇤솿,벴Re쫇틲뇤솿,RnꆢRꢻꆢEsꆢAꆢF1캪ퟔ뇤솿,퓲폐:31붻틗욵싊ꆣ맽폚욵랱뗄쇷뚯믡퓶볓룼뛠뗄쯑톰돉놾ꆢ탅쾢돉놾ꆢ믺믡돉놾뗈붻틗돉놾ꆣRe=f1(Rn,Rꢻ,Es,A,F1)ꇖf1(Rn,Rꢻ,Es,A)(닺폃탔ꆢ늻좷뚨탔ꆢ붻틗욵싊펰쿬붻틗돉놾뷸뛸펰F1캪듎튪펰쿬틲쯘뫶싔)(2)쿬풱릤쇷뚯뗄돉놾,웳튵풱릤퓚쒳룶쪱뗣짏쫇럱믡톡퓱샫뾪쿔좻,쒿잰쫕틦Rn풽듳,풤웚쫕틦Re풽듳;탐튵욽뻹웳튵쫕틦Rꢻ풽룟,풤웚쫕틦Re풽듳;뺭볃탎쫆Es풽뫃,풤웚,돽쇋뾼싇풤웚뗄쫕틦췢,뮹튪뾼싇쯹뮨럑뗄돉놾,뛔죋솦놾살쮵,뷏뗍뗄붻틗돉놾믡쪹죋닅뗄쇷뚯훆풼뷏킡쫕틦Re풽듳;뛔ퟔ짭쓜솦뗄맀볆풽룟,풤웚쫕틦Re풽듳,,쪹죋닅뗄컈뚨탔뷏닮,쿠랴,룟뗄붻틗돉놾퓲믡훆풼죋닅뗄틲듋헢킩틲쯘폫풤웚쫕틦Re헽쿠맘ꆣ쇷뚯ꆣ뛸펰쿬풤웚돉놾Ce뗄훷튪틲쯘폐믺믡돉놾벴쒿잰쫕틦붻틗돉놾뛔죋닅놾짭쇷뚯욫뫃뗄펰쿬뿉틔폃춼2살뷸튻Rn,뺭볃탎쫆Es,닺폃돌뛈(P)뗄룟뗍ꆢ늻좷뚨탔(U)늽쟥컺뗄뷢쫍ꆣ뗄듳킡뫍붻틗욵싊(F)뗄룟뗍,짨웤쯻듎튪펰쿬틲쯘캪F2,퓲:Ce=f2(Rn,Es,P,U,F,F2)ꇖf2(Rn,Es,P,U,F)(F2캪듎튪펰쿬틲쯘뫶싔)(3)쒿잰쫕틦Rn풽듳,퓲틢캶ퟅ풤웚돉놾Ce풽룟;뺭볃탎쫆Es풽뫃,풤웚돉놾Ce튲믡쿠펦붵뗍,틲캪뺭볃탎쫆풽뫃,캪톰헒튻룶탂뗄릤ퟷ쯹탨튪뢶돶뗄듺볛쿠뛔뷏킡,뛸닺폃돌뛈P뗄쳡룟ꆢ늻좷뚨탔U뗄퓶듳ꆢ붻틗욵싊F뗄쳡룟퓲믡쪹풤웚돉놾Ce퓶듳,벴붻틗돉놾폫풤웚돉놾Ce헽쿠맘ꆣ틲듋뿉틔뗃떽:춼L=Re/Ce=f1(Rn,Rꢻ,Es,A)/f2(Rn,Es,P,U,F)(4)2ꆡ붻틗돉놾펰쿬쇷뚯욫뫃믺샭춼닺폃돌뛈ꆢ늻좷뚨탔ꆢ붻틗욵싊뗄쳡룟믡떼훂붻틗퓚릫쪽(4)훐,평폚쒿잰쫕틦Rn뗄퓶볓믡춬쪱떼훂풤돉놾짽룟,듓뛸퓶볓쇋쇷뚯뗄돉놾,쿷죵쇋죋닅뛔쇷뚯뗄욫웚쫕틦Re뫍풤웚돉놾Ce뗄퓶볓,쒿잰쫕틦뗄뇤뮯쪹풤웚쫕뫃틦뫍풤웚돉놾춬랽쿲뇤뮯,뛸뺭볃탎쫆풽뫃,퓲믡떼훂풤웚,쳡룟쇋죋닅뗄컈뚨탔ꆣ뛾ꆢ쿠맘볙짨벰훐킡웳튵죋닅쇷뚯톡퓱쫕틦Re뗄퓶볓뫍풤웚돉놾Ce뗄붵뗍ꆣ틲듋,쪽ퟓ폖뿉틔볲늻뿉럱죏,뛠훖틲쯘릲춬펰쿬쇋훐킡죋닅뛔쇷뚯뗄첬뛈뮯캪:(쿂뗚156튳)ꆪ134ꆪ
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