캬웕톶 ?2?0?0?6쓪年?1?1퓂月?낲安徽믕大듳学톧学톧报놨(?哲헜学톧社짧会믡科뿆学톧版냦)??????????????November 2∞6 뗚第?3?0뻭卷第뗚?6웚期??J?o?u?m??a?l ?o?f? A?n?h?ui? ?U?n?iv?e?rsi?ty? ?(P?h?i?lo?s?o?p?h?y?? ?a?n?d? ?S?o?c?ia?l ?S?c?i?e?n?c?e?s)????ꎮ?????ꎮ?? Vol. 30 웳企业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾"ꆰ供릩给룸"ꆱ퇐研究뺿?잮钱士쪿茹죣??(낲安믕徽듳大톧学릤工짌商맜管샭理톧学院풺，ꎬ낲安믕徽뫏合럊肥?23??0?03??9)?摘햪要:튪企ꎺ웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾"ꆰ供릩给룸ꆱꎬ폐쳘뚨쓚몭폫탨쟳ꎬ늢퓚쳘뚨랽쿲폫쳵볾풼쫸쿂탎돉뻟쳥뗄ꆰ릩?룸给"ꆱ뿕空间볤Oꆣ퓚在此듋空뿕间볤内쓚，ꎬ쯤虽폐有뛠多훖种슷路뺶径可뿉供릩选톡择퓱，ꎬ떫但ꆰ"쫊适펦应탔性톧学쾰习믺机制훆"ꆱퟷ作캪为뻟具폐有效킧率싊优폅势쫆的뗄演퇝化뮯路슷径뺶，ꎬ?뿉可以틔듙促进뷸"ꆰ릩供룸给ꆱ"뗄的늻不뛏断쓚内짺生ꆣ。헽正쫇是헢这훖种쓚内生짺탔性"ꆰ릩供룸给ꆱ"퓚在늻不춬同웳企튵业家볒之횮间볤具뻟有폐差닮异틬性탔，ꎬ因틲此듋，ꎬ쿠相펦应企웳业튵?뗄的돉成长뎤能쓜力솦和뫍状ힴ态첬呈돊现쿖出돶显쿔著훸不늻同춬ꆣO?关맘键볼词듊:ꎺ웳企业튵家볒;ꎻ죋人솦力资本놾;ꎻ릩供룸给퇐研究뺿?훐中图춼分럖类샠号뫅:Fꎺ?2??40?卢ꎻ?'2??7?文컄献쿗标뇪识쪶码싫ꎺ:?A?컄文헂章编뇠号뫅ꎺ:?1?0?01?-ꆪ5?0?1?9?(?2?0??0?6)?0?6? ꆪ-0?1?1??8ꆪ-0?4?? 튻一、ꆢ웳企튵业볒家죋人力솦资本놾"ꆰ릩供룸给"ꆱ컊问쳢题뗄的提쳡出돶?企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾"ꆰ릩供룸给ꆱ"컊问쳢题ꎬ，샭理싛论뷧界훁至뷱今뫜很짙少쳡提벰及ꆣ。틲因듋此ꎬ，놾本컄文쫗首쿈先펦应믘回듰答캪为쪲什쎴么튪要퇐研뺿究웳企튵业家볒?죋人力솦资本놾"ꆰ릩供룸给ꆱ"ꆣ。뇊笔헟者죏认캪为ꎬ，폐有솽两룶个닣层쏦面풭原틲因뿉可틔以뷢解쫍释헢这튻一컊问쳢题ꆣ。튻一是쫇源풴自ퟔ理샭论싛层닣面쏦，ꎬ뛔对웳企튵业家볒人죋力솦?资本놾价볛值횵的뗄认죏知횪有폐待듽深짮化뮯;ꎻ뛾二쫇是퓺扎룹根폚于쪵实볹践닣层面쏦，ꎬ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本뗄的ퟷ作폃用뗣点탨需튪要뷸进튻一늽步좷确죏认。ꆣ对뛔这헢两솽方랽?面쏦的뗄进뷸一튻步늽挖췚掘뻲，ꎬ뇘必然좻引틽出돶本놾文컄的뗄命쏼题쳢。ꆣ?首쫗先쿈듓从理샭论싛层닣面쏦来살看뾴，ꎬ뛔对웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本뗄的뺲静态첬럖分析컶一튻直횱处뒦于폚主훷流쇷地뗘位캻，ꎬ뛸而폃用뚯动첬态眼퇛맢光살来考뾼察달企웳业튵?家볒人죋力솦资놾本퓋运动뚯맽过程돌的뗄研퇐뺿究始쪼훕终比뇈뷏较稀쾡缺좱。ꆣ由평静뺲态첬分럖析컶成돉果맻集벯成돉的뗄当떱代듺企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾理샭论싛，ꎬ以틔企웳业튵?家볒人죋力솦资本놾投춶资理샭论싛、ꆢ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本닺产좨权샭理싛论以틔及벰企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾激벤励샸与폫约풼束쫸理샭论싛为캪主훷要튪内쓚涵몭，ꎬ深짮刻뿌?揭뷒示쪾了쇋企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾的뗄价볛值횵形탎成돉、ꆢ볛价횵值닢测뛈度与폫볛价值횵利샻用폃等뗈基믹本놾原풭理샭，ꎬ늢并듙促돉成죋人쏇们뛔对웳企튵业볒家죋人力솦资本놾价볛?횵值形탎成돉较뷏为캪普웕遍뇩与폫理샭性탔的뗄认죏知횪，ꎬ헢这쫇是쿖现폐有샭理싛论的뗄主훷要튪贡릱献쿗。ꆣ从듓这헢个룶意틢义틥上짏来살说쮵，ꎬ쿖现폐有샭理싛论뻍就是쫇静뺲态첬的뗄企웳?业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾价볛值횵理샭论싛。ꆣ它쯼告룦诉쯟人죋们쏇的뗄是쫇"ꆰ因틲"ꆱ(?웳企튵业볒家죋人力솦资本놾具뻟有폐价볛值횵)和?뫍"ꆰ果맻"ꆱ(?펦应룃该ퟮ最듳大뮯化使쪹用폃?企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾价볛值횵)?ꎬ，늢并뎫倡떼导죋人쏇们춨通맽过췢外在퓚于쫖段뛎(?벤激励샸或믲约풼束쫸，ꎬ좥去利샻用폃企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾)?实쪵现쿖"ꆰ因틲果맻"ꆱ转?化뮯。ꆣ但떫遗틅憾몶的뗄是쫇，ꎬ쯼它쎻没쓜能룦告쯟诉人죋们쏇由평"ꆰ틲因ꆱ"훁至ꆰ"맻果ꆱ뗄"的쓚内퓚在쪵实쪩施믺机훆制폫与웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本퓋运뚯动맽过돌程中훐的뗄自ퟔ然좻?选톡择퓱路슷径뺶。ꆣ这헢是쫇静뺲态첬研퇐究뺿的뗄先쿈天쳬性탔缺좱陷쿝。ꆣ这헢种훖缺좱陷쿝，ꎬ一튻方랽面쏦导떼致훂了쇋既볈有폐理샭论싛内쓚容죝与폫结뷡构릹的뗄非럇完췪整헻性탔，ꎬ另쇭?튻一方랽面쏦也튲给룸动뚯态첬뗘地深짮入죫探첽索쯷企웳튵业家볒죋人力솦资놾本运퓋뚯动的뗄客뿍观맛规맦律싉，ꎬ쇴留폐有ퟣ足릻够뗄的뿕空볤间ꆣ。놾本컄文솢立쳢题正헽是쫇基믹于폚这헢?种훖认죏知횪的뗄一튻种훖尝뎢试쫔。ꆣ?其웤次듎再퓙从듓实쪵践볹层닣面쏦来살看뾴，ꎬ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本ퟷ作用폃的뗄关맘键볼点뗣到떽底뗗在퓚哪쓄里샯??对뛔这헢一튻问컊题쳢，ꎬ죋人쏇们的뗄看뾴法램千잧差닮?万췲别뇰。ꆣ有폐从듓企웳业튵家볒职횰能쓜(?如죧经뺭营펪、ꆢ管맜理샭、ꆢ뒴创탂新、ꆢ뻶决닟策뗈等?)뷇角뛈度뷸进탐行뗄的뷢解쫍释，ꎬ튲也폐有듓从웳企튵业ퟩ组횯织탐行为캪(?죧如뒴创造퓬需탨?求쟳、ꆢ믱获좡取샻利죳润ꆢ、쳡提릩供닺产욷品폫与럾服컱务뗈等?)뷇角뛈度룸给폨予뗄的뷧界뚨定ꆣ。뺡尽맜管훮诸죧如듋此샠类뗄的쮵说램法뚼都有폐一튻定뚨道뗀理샭，ꎬ떫但퓚在准ힼ确좷性탔?上짏值횵得뗃商짌榷좶。ꆣ笔뇊者헟以틔为캪，ꎬ쮵说准ힼ这헢一튻问컊题쳢，ꎬ탨需튪要뛔对"ꆰ뗂德슳鲁뿋克쪽式컊问쳢题ꆱ"ꆪ一ꆪ一웳企튵业볒家폫与企웳튵业之횮间볤的뗄关맘系쾵、ꆢ웳企业튵家볒?的뗄根룹놾本职횰쓜能与폫쪹使命쏼뗈等先쿈탐行论싛횤证。ꆣ管맜理샭大듳师쪦彼뇋得뗃·ꆤ德뗂鲁슳克뿋早퓧就뻍说쮵过맽:ꎺ企웳业튵家볒的뗄特쳘殊쫢使쪹命쏼就뻍是쫇"ꆰ为캪目쒿前잰的뗄?企웳业튵创뒴造퓬未캴来살"ꆱꎬ[ꆭ1]?凹企웳业튵家볒最ퟮ重훘要튪、ꆢퟮ最훐中탄心뗄的죎任컱务뻍就쫇是"ꆰ쪹使쒿目잰前틑已뺭经듦存퓚在，ꎬ쳘特뇰别쫇是쒿目잰前틑已뺭经좡取뗃得成돉功릦的뗄?企웳业튵，ꎬ퓚在캴未살来继볌续탸存듦在퓚并늢取좡得뗃成돉功릦"。ꆱꆣ[?I]ꆿ1?66很뫜显쿔然좻德ꎬꆰ鲁뗂克슳式뿋问쪽题컊쳢"的ꆱ뗄最ퟮ优폅解뷢是쫇:ꎺ培엠育폽持돖续탸成돉长뎤的뗄企웳业튵是쫇?收쫕稿룥日죕期웚:ꎺ?2?0?06?-ꆪ0?6? -ꆪ2?4? ?基믹金뷰项쿮目쒿:ꎺ맺国볒家自ퟔ然좻뿆科学톧基믹金뷰项쿮目쒿(?7?0?5?7?2?0?8?7?)? 作ퟷ者헟简볲介뷩:钱ꎺ잮士쪿茹죣(1??9?5?7?-ꆫ)? ，ꎬ얮女ꎬ，낲安믕徽컥五뫓河죋人，ꎬ낲安믕敬듳大톧学릤工商짌管맜理샭学톧院풺教뷌授쫚.?1??1?8? ?
캬웕톶 웳企튵业家볒的뗄天쳬职횰!?由평此듋推췆断뛏:ꎺ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本뗄的ퟷ作폃用뗣点뻍就是쫇培엠育폽企웳业튵持돖续탸成돉长뎤的뗄能쓜力솦。ꆣ其웤实쪵，ꎬ헢这훖种뷧界뚨定无컞?탫须횤证明쏷在퓚事쫂实쪵上짏也튲是쫇普웕遍뇩成돉立솢的뗄。ꆣ因틲为캪自ퟔ古맅以틔来살，ꎬ企웳业튵与폫企웳业튵家볒孪싏生짺，ꎬ웳企튵业돖持탸续돉成뎤长쓜能솦力뛔对웳企튵业家볒人죋力솦?资놾本有폐着ퟅ天쳬然좻的뗄依틀存듦性탔;ꎻ同춬时쪱，ꎬ웳企튵业볒家폫与웳企튵业릲共듦存，ꎬ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本뛔对웳企业튵持돖续탸成돉.뎤长쓜能솦力폐有ퟅ着쓚内퓚在뗄的支횧?撑독。ꆣ两솽者헟始쪼终훕相쿠生짺相쿠长뎤、ꆢ쏜密늻不뿉可럖分ꆣ。믹基폚于듋此，ꎬ뇊笔헟者붫将웳企튵业돖持탸续돉成뎤长쓜能솦力뛔对웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本的뗄틀依췐托理샭解뷢为캪?ꆰ"탨需쟳求ꆱ而ꎬ뛸将붫企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾对뛔企웳业튵持돖续탸成돉长能뎤力쓜的솦支뗄撑횧理독解샭为뷢"캪供ꆰ给릩"룸。ꆱꆣ显쿔然좻，这ꎬ헢种훖"ꆰ需탨求쟳"ꆱ问컊쳢题与폫?ꆰ"릩供룸给ꆱ"컊问쳢题뻹均쫇是뿍客맛观듦存퓚在뗄的ꎬ쟒，쯼且쏇它们듓从놾本훊质짏上룅概삨括쇋了웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本폫与웳企튵业돖持탸续돉成뎤长쓜能솦力횮之볤间的뗄逻싟辑벭?关맘쾵系。ꆣ由평于폚这헢种훖逻싟辑벭关맘系쾵，ꎬ튪要첽探쯷索웳企튵业돖持탸续돉成뎤长的뗄规맦律싉，ꎬ뻍就늻不쓜能늻不뛔对웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本뗄的폐有킧效릩供룸给问컊题쳢作ퟷ?짮深뛈度剖웊析컶。ꆣ这헢是쫇本놾文컄选톡题쳢的뗄实쪵践볹动뚯因틲。ꆣ?ퟜ总횮之，ꎬ샭理싛论짏上탨需튪要뛔对웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本볛价횵值벰及웤其价볛횵值퓋运动뚯的뗄内쓚在퓚机믺理샭作ퟷ动뚯态첬考뾼察달，ꎬ쪵实볹践훐中탨需튪要뛔对企웳튵业?볒家죋人力솦资本놾在퓚웳企业튵持돖续탸成돉长뎤能쓜力솦生짺成돉中훐的뗄有폐效킧作ퟷ用폃予폨以틔提쳡升짽。ꆣ两솽者헟共릲同춬构릹成돉了쇋本놾文컄选톡题쳢的뗄依틀据뻝。ꆣ?二뛾、ꆢ웳企튵业볒家죋人力솦资本놾"ꆰ릩供给룸"ꆱ뗄的内쓚涵몭?企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸，ꎬ쫇是횸指企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾在퓚企웳业튵持돖续탸成돉长뎤能쓜力솦生짺成돉过맽程돌中所훐发쯹挥랢的믓基뗄础믹'뒡性탔、ꆢ훷主떼导?탔性与폫战햽싔略탔性ퟷ作폃用ꆣ。쿔显좻然ꎬ，죧如듋此뷧界뚨定뗄的웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本ꆰ릩"룸供ꆱ给ꎬ쫇是붫将웳企튵业볒家人죋솦力资本놾쓉纳죫入企웳业튵持돖续탸成돉长뎤?쓜能力솦生짺成돉框뿲架볜内쓚进뷸行탐动뚯态첬审짳视쫓的뗄。ꆣ因틲此，듋这ꎬ헢种훖"ꆰ供릩给룸"ꆱ必뇘须탫具뻟备놸以틔下쿂特쳘征헷:ꎺ??1ꎮ.헽正쿲向탔性?企웳튵业家볒人죋솦力资놾本发랢믓挥作ퟷ用폃总ퟜ是쫇带듸有폐쳘特定뚨的뗄方랽向쿲。ꆣ它쯼可뿉以틔对뛔企웳业튵能쓜力솦的뗄培엠育폽起웰促듙进뷸作ퟷ用폃，ꎬ也튲可뿉以틔弱죵?化뮯웳企튵业能쓜力솦，ꎬ듓从뛸而퓚在웳企튵业돖持탸续돉成뎤长훐中웰起뢺负ퟷ作폃用。ꆣ当떱웳企业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾的뗄启웴动뚯、ꆢ퓋运폃用폫与웳企튵业돖持탸续돉成뎤长쓜能力솦需탨?쟳求一튻致훂时쪱，ꎬ웤其죋人솦力资놾本릩供룸给的뗄方랽向쿲就뻍是쫇正헽的뗄，ꎬ릩供룸给出돶的뗄"ꆰ듦存솿量ꆱ"뻍就쫇是튻一훖种믽积벫极솦力솿量，ꎬ뛸而늻不쫇是웳企튵业럀防랶范뗄的뛔对?象쿳;ꎻ럱否퓲则ꎬ，웤其릩供룸给뻍就믡会럖分늼布퓚在뢺负랽方쿲向짏上ꎬ，뻍就튪要웰起랴反ퟷ作폃用ꆣ。뇈比죧如ꎬ，떱当웳企튵业볒家룶个죋人샻利틦益폫与웳企튵业돖持탸续랢发햹展的뗄利샻益틦?相쿠背놳时쪱，ꎬ웳企튵业家볒可뿉能쓜会믡调뗷度뛈其웤人죋力资솦本，놾实ꎬ쪵施"쪩寻ꆰ톰租ퟢ"、ꆱꆢ"ꆰ톰寻利샻"ꆱꆢ、ꆰ"믺机믡会훷主틥义ꆱ"짵甚훁至ꆰ"냜败뗂德ꆱ"탐行캪为ꆣ。뛸而컒我쏇们뷧界?定뚨的뗄企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸，ꎬ튻一뚨定쫇是퓚在웳企튵业돖持탸续成돉长뎤헢这一튻需탨求쟳约풼束쫸下쿂，ꎬ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本뛔对웳企튵业持돖탸续돉成长뎤能쓜?솦力的뗄有폐效킧促듙进뷸。ꆣ?2?.ꎮ意틢志횾性탔?웳企业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸不늻仅뷶쫜受到떽企웳业튵持돖续탸成돉长뎤需탨求쟳这헢一튻正헽方랽向쿲约풼束쫸，ꎬ뛸而쟒且쫜受떽到볈既뚨定?禀뢳赋的뗄웳企业튵家볒精뺫?神짱主훷导떼，ꎬ쯼它쫇是웳企튵业볒家훷主쳥体틢意쪶识ꆢ、ퟔ自평由틢意횾志틔以벰及ퟔ自컒我쪵实쿖现뗈等훷主쳥体因틲쯘素的뗄综ퟛ合뫏产닺物컯。ꆣ正헽如죧有폐的뗄学톧者헟所쯹言퇔:ꎺ?"ꆰ웳企튵业볒家횮之쯹所틔以뒴创퓬造웳企튵业ꎬ，늢并늻不쫇是평由폚于웳企튵业쓜能릻够뷚节쪡省붻交틗易럑费폃用ꎬ，뛸而쫇是평由폚于웳企튵业볒家틲因듋此쓜能릻够샻利폃用自ퟔ己벺的뗄异틬?质훊性탔人죋力솦资本놾。"ꆣꆱ?[2?]毫뫁无컞疑틉问컊，ꎬ듋此뒦处뗄的샻利폃用，ꎬ뻍就쫇是웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资本놾在퓚其웤承돐载퓘者헟的뗄"ꆰ对뛔内쓚自ퟔ律싉"ꆱ与폫"ꆰ뛔对外췢创뒴?造퓬"ꆱ헢这튻一췧顽잿强意틢志횾下쿂的뗄主훷动뚯供릩给룸。ꆣ供릩给룸的뗄自觉ퟔ뻵性、탔意ꆢ틢志횾性탔与폫主动훷精뚯神뺫，짱是ꎬ쫇"ꆰ有폐效킧供릩给룸"ꆱ的뗄基믹石쪯。ꆣ?3?.ꎮ富뢻폐有弹떯性탔?企웳业튵持돖续탸成돉长뎤能쓜力솦的뗄不늻断뛏再퓙生짺，ꎬ뛔对웳企튵业볒家人죋솦力资本놾供릩给룸提쳡出돶了쇋非럇常뎣高룟的뗄需탨求쟳，ꎬ헢这훖种탨需쟳求总ퟜ쫇是随쯦着ퟅ组ퟩ?织횯生짺命쏼周훜期웚的뗄不늻断뛏更룼替쳦与폫跃풾迁잨表뇭现쿖出돶较뷏强잿的뗄刚룕性탔、ꆢ뢴复퓓杂뗄的뚯动첬态탔性틔以벰及컞无쿞限퓶增듳大탔性뗄的쟷趋쫆势。ꆣ这헢뛔对企웳业튵家볒?人죋솦力资本놾供릩给룸쳡提出돶了쇋"ꆰ떯弹탔性ꆱ"튪要쟳求ꆣ。웳企튵业볒家뇘必탫须폐有쓜能솦力릹构붨建헢这훖种ꆰ"떯弹탔性ꆱ以ꎬ틔实쪵现쿖"ꆰ有폐效킧供릩给룸"ꆱ的뗄持돖续탸性탔?与폫쫊适应펦탔性。ꆣ헢这里샯内쓚含몬的뗄机믺理샭是쫇:ꎺ냩伴쯦随웳企튵业ퟩ组횯织벡肌쳥体뗄的돖持탸续ꆰ"뇤变틬异ꆱ폫"与ꆰ퓙"짺再ꆱ生ꎬ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资本놾릩供给룸被놻嵌잶?在퓚一튻种훖"ꆰ쿠相뮥互套쳗人죫的뗄杂퓓合뫏等뗈级벶"ꆱ?[3?]?15?1的뗄选톡择퓱环뮷境뺳中훐，ꎬ웤其릩供룸给ힴ状态첬总ퟜ是쫇在퓚共릲时쪱结뷡构릹与폫历샺时쪱关맘联솪中훐被놻"ꆰ选톡择퓱"ꆱ?所쯹规맦制훆，ꎬ튪要求쟳企웳业튵家볒学톧习쾰必뇘须탫具뻟备놸"适ꆰ쫊应펦性탔"。ꆱꆣ[?3]?2ꇞω因틲듋此适ꎬꆰ쫊应性펦탔学톧习쾰能쓜力솦"ꆱ是쫇企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸富뢻有폐?"ꆰ떯弹탔性ꆱ"뗄的뇘必튪要쳵条볾件ꎬ，춬同쪱时ꎬ쯼，벸它뫵几乎튲也쫇是돤充럖分쳵条볾件ꆣ。뿉可틔以쮵说ꎬ，쎻没폐有쓜能솦力탎形돉成죋人솦力资本놾"ꆰ릩供给룸弹떯性탔"ꆱ뗄的웳企业튵?家볒，ꎬ쫇是컞无램法엠培育폽持돖续탸成돉长뎤的뗄企웳业튵的뗄。ꆣ?三죽、ꆢ웳企튵业볒家죋人力솦资本놾"ꆰ릩供给룸"ꆱ뗄的풼约쫸束쳵条件볾?由평上짏述쫶内쓚涵몭界뷧定뚨可뿉知횪，ꎬ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本릩供给룸受쫜到떽多뛠种훖因틲素쯘影펰响쿬，ꎬ떫但맘关键볼性탔的뗄影펰响쿬变뇤量솿有폐三죽个룶，ꎬ即벴主훷?观맛需탨求쟳、ꆢ뿍客맛观쳵条볾件뫍和릩供룸给쓜能솦力ꆣ。쯼它쏇们共릲同춬构릹成돉了쇋企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸的뗄约풼束쫸条쳵件볾。ꆣ其웤中훐，ꎬ主훷观맛需탨求쟳的뗄形탎?成돉，ꎬ틀依삵赖폚于웳企튵业볒家뛔对웳企튵业돖持탸续돉成뎤长맦规律싉的뗄죏认识쪶，ꎬ틔以벰及내按맦规싉律냬办쫂事뗄的훷主动뚯탔性、ꆢퟔ自뻵觉탔性뫍和틢意횾志탔性。ꆣ헢这킩些主훷观맛?方랽面쏦的뗄内쓚容죝，ꎬ릹构돉成웳企튵业家볒主훷导떼'탔性탨需쟳求ꎬ쫇，웤是죋其솦人力资놾本릩供룸给뗄的훷主맛观뚯动틲因ꎬ，늢并퓚在뫜很듳大돌程뛈度짏上헧瓢뇰别돶出웳企튵业볒家精뺫?神짱。ꆣ客뿍观맛条쳵件볾的뗄状ힴ况뿶，ꎬ쫇是횸指폫与웳企튵业볒家人죋솦力资本놾供릩给룸活믮动뚯相쿠关맘的뗄环뮷境뺳因ꆢ틲子ퟓ，ꎬ냼包삨括웳企튵业볒家쏦面临쇙的뗄可뿉利샻用폃资源풴?????119
캬웕톶 的뗄쪵实际볊ힴ状뿶况ꆣ。헢这킩些뮷环뺳境因틲ퟓ子뛔对웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本供릩给룸过맽程돌兼볦具뻟规맦制훆与폫支횧持돖双쮫重훘作ퟷ用폃，ꎬ늢并쓜能릹构造퓬出돶现쿖实쪵的뗄?웳企业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸空뿕间볤。ꆣ供릩给룸能쓜力솦的뗄强잿弱죵，ꎬ是쫇횸指在퓚主훷观맛需탨求쟳与폫客뿍观맛条쳵件볾相쿠结뷡合뫏的뗄过맽程돌中훐，ꎬ企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦?资本놾实쪵际볊供릩给룸的뗄有폐效킧程돌度뛈与폫水쮮平욽。ꆣ显쿔然좻，ꎬ헢这훖种릩供给룸，ꎬ늻不뷶仅틀依삵赖폚于웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本"ꆰ듦存솿量ꆱ"ꎬ룼更좡取뻶决于폚웤其动뚯?态첬变뇤化뮯的뗄"ꆰ퓶增솿量ꆱ"ꆣ。횻只폐有ꆰ"퓶增솿量ꆱ뎬"超잰前믽积샛累ꆢ늻、뛏不뗝断퓶递增ꎬ웳，튵企볒业죋家솦人力놾资本릩供룸给닅才폐有뿉可쓜能듯达떽到폫与웳企튵业돖持탸续成돉?长뎤탨需쟳求比뇈뷏较튻一훂致뗄的ꆰ"뚯动첬态쫊适펦应탔性ꆱ"ꎬ쪵实쿖现릩供룸给뗄的폐有킧效탔性ꆣ。헢这튪要쟳求웳企业튵家볒个룶人죋必뇘须탫具뻟备놸"ꆰ쫊适펦应탔性学톧习쾰能쓜?力솦"ꆱꆣ。쿔显좻然"ꎬꆰ适쫊应펦性탔学톧习쾰能쓜力솦"ꆱ与폫"ꆰ릩供给룸能쓜力솦"ꆱ퓚在헢这里샯不늻仅뷶互뮥补늹，ꎬ且쟒更룼具뻟替쳦代듺性탔。ꆣ?짏上쫶述죽三大듳풼约쫸束变뇤솿量中훐客ꎬꆰ观뿍条맛件쳵"볾总ꆱퟜ是쫇外췢生짺给룸定뚨的뗄(?任죎一튻企웳业튵的뗄环뮷境뺳、ꆢ资풴源틲因쯘素뗈等쿠相뛔对폚于其웤他쯻企웳业튵?的뗄特쳘征헷集벯相쿠对뛔不늻变뇤)?，ꎬ뛔对웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本릩供룸给살来쮵说，ꎬ쫴属폚于ꆰ"ퟔ自좻然톡选퓱择믺机훆制ꆱ"ꎬ튪要쟳求웳企튵业볒家뻟具备놸"ꆰ쫊适펦应탔性ꆱ"ꎻ뛸而?"ꆰ훷主맛观탨需쟳求ꆱ"폫与ꆰ릩"룸供쓜给솦能ꆱ力ꎬ룹根풴源폚于믲或좡取뻶决폚于웳企튵业볒家뺫精짱神뫍和企웳业튵家볒适쫊应펦性탔学톧习쾰能쓜力솦，ꎬ솽两헟者뻹均캪为웳企业튵家볒人죋?力솦资本놾的뗄先쿈天쳬禀?赋뢳与폫后뫳天쳬习쾰得뗃的뗄集벯成돉，ꎬ它쯼们쏇内쓚生짺于폚"ꆰ自ퟔ然좻演퇝化뮯机믺制훆"ꆱ?[3]21퇚8与폫"ꆰ쫊适펦应탔性学톧习쾰机믺制훆"ꆱꎬ?[3]泣ꆣ。튪要?쟳求企웳业ꆢ?家볒具뻟备놸主훷观맛能쓜动뚯性탔。ꆣ?쯄四、ꆢ웳企튵业볒家人죋力솦资本놾"ꆰ供릩给룸"?的뗄"ꆰ퇝演化뮯"?쒣模탍型?承돐뷓接짏上쏦面럖分컶析，ꎬ뛔对폚于죎任튻一웳企튵业뫍和웳企튵业볒家살来쮵说ꎬꆰ客뿍观맛条쳵件볾"ꆱퟷ作캪为튻一훖种ꆰ"ퟔ自좻然톡选퓱择믺机훆制ꆱꎬ企웳业튵家볒必뇘须탫适쫊?펦应。ꆣ但떫从듓演퇝化뮯理샭论싛角뷇度뛈来살看뾴，ꎬ웳企튵业볒家뗄的쫊适펦应性탔并늢非럇由평"ꆰ뿍客맛观쳵条件볾"ꆱ헢这튻一췢外짺生뇤变量솿所쯹主훷宰퓗，ꎬ뛸而쫇是평由웳企튵业家볒?精뺫神짱与폫企웳业튵家볒"ꆰ쫊适펦应탔性톧学쾰习쓜能솦力ꆱ"헢这솽两룶个쓚内짺生탔性뇤变솿量쯹所뻶决뚨定ꆣ。믹基폚于듋此，ꎬ컒我쏇们틔以헢这솽两룶个쓚内짺生뇤变솿量캪为뾼考察달维캬?度뛈，ꎬ릹构붨建컒我맺国쿖现뷗阶뛎段웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资本놾供릩给룸的뗄演퇝化뮯模쒣型탍(?见볻图춼?1)?ꆣ。평由폚于쿖现뷗阶뛎段맺国폐有웳企튵业폫与民쏱营펪웳企业튵的뗄产닺?权좨制훆度뛈与폫治훎理샭结뷡构릹存듦在퓚显쿔著훸差닮异틬，ꎬ솽两샠类웳企튵业웳企튵业家볒的뗄精뺫神짱显쿔示쪾不늻在퓚同춬一튻层닣面쏦上짏。ꆣ对뛔国맺有폐企웳业튵家볒来살说쮵，ꎬ不늻?仅뷶要튪接뷓受쫜市쫐场뎡机믺制훆的뗄锤뒸炼솶，ꎬ而뛸且쟒要튪经뺭得뗃起웰利샻益틦机믺制훆的뗄考뾼验퇩。ꆣ否럱则퓲，ꎬ对뛔"ꆰ代듺理샭"ꆱ맘关系쾵可뿉能쓜会믡不늻认죏同춬，ꎬ由평此듋导떼?훂致其웤人죋力솦资本놾在퓚供릩给룸方랽向쿲上짏可뿉能쓜出돶现쿖"ꆰ뇤变틬异ꆱ"ꎬ듓从뛸而벫极有폐可뿉能쓜将붫企웳业튵推췆入죫成돉长뎤的뗄陷쿝阱?。ꆣ因틲此듋，ꎬ웤其웳企业튵家볒?精뺫神짱更룼多뛠地뗘体쳥现쿖在퓚重훘要튪而뛸又폖稀쾡缺좱的뗄"ꆰ事쫂业튵至훁上짏"ꆱ的뗄价볛值횵观맛中훐(?如죧图춼?l튻-A?)?。ꆣ뛸而뛔对于폚듳大多뛠数쫽民쏱营펪企웳业튵家볒来살?说쮵，ꎬ틲因캪为쯻他쏇们뗄的짺生듦存뮷环뺳境从듓一튻开뾪始쪼就뻍由평市쫐场뎡竞뺺争헹的뗄优폅胜쪤汰청劣쇓机믺制훆所쯹给룸定뚨，因ꎬ틲此듋，ꎬ他쯻们쏇具뻟有폐"ꆰ熊태彼뇋特쳘意틢义틥"ꆱ?上짏的뗄"ꆰ쳘特뇰别뚯动믺机ꆱ"ꎬꆰ有폐一튻种훖建붨立솢私쮽人죋王췵国맺甚짵至훁是쫇王췵朝뎯的뗄梦쏎想쿫"ꆱ。ꆣ他쯻们쏇的뗄企웳业튵家볒精뺫神짱在퓚"ꆰ先쿈天쳬禀?赋뢳"ꆱ部늿分럖?是쫇非럇常뎣重훘要튪的뗄(?如죧图춼l?튻-B?)?。ꆣ?弱죵?잿强?弱죵?强잿?适应性学习能力잿?(?2?)?人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸不늻??(3?)?人죋솦力资本놾有폐效킧供릩?쫊?(2)人力资本供给富(3)人力资本有效供强强在퓚状ힴ态첬者헟?给룸者헟?펦????죋솦놾릩룸뢻????죋솦놾폐킧릩?잿?탔?有폐"ꆰ떯弹性탔"ꆱ헟者?给룸者헟?톧??(?1?죋)人솦力资놾本릩供룸给极벫??(?4)?人죋솦力资本놾供릩给룸力솦?쾰?(??1?죋)솦人力资놾本릩供룸给벫极??(?4)?人죋力솦资本놾供릩不늻应펦?弱죵?뛈?랦헟?늻듓탄헟?쓜?솦?뛈?랦헟?쟳헟?죵弱?度匮乏者不从，心者度匮乏者求者图춼1?ꆪ-A?ꆰ事쫂业튵至훁上짏"ꆱ뗄的볛价횵值맛观?춼图?1?-B?ꆰ"쿈先쳬天?禀뢳赋ꆱ"뗄的웳企튵业볒家뺫精神짱?固춼1?企웳业튵京볒人죋力솦资本놾"ꆰ供릩给룸"ꆱ쒣模型탍?짏上面쏦两솽个룶模쒣型탍中훐，ꎬ1?、ꆢ3?两솽쿳象限쿞럖分뇰别쫇是샠类쯆似的뗄。ꆣ퓚在象쿳限쿞?1，ꎬ틲因뺫精짱神탔性죋人솦力资놾本?(맺国폐有웳企튵业볒家뗄的쫂事业튵心탄?和뫍民쏱营펪웳企业튵볒家的뗄웳企业튵볒家精뺫짱神)?폫与쫊适펦应탔性톧学쾰习쓜能솦力좡取횵值뻹均뗍低，ꎬ웤其죋人솦力资놾本릩供룸给뇭表쿖现돶出벫极뛈度?匮랦乏쳘特征헷。ꆣ他쯻?쏇们本놾人죋在퓚位캻不늻会믡长뎤久뻃(?被놻政헾府뢮或믲市쫐场뎡所쯹淘쳔汰청)?ꎬ，쿠相펦应뗄的웳企튵业튲也쳓逃늻不췑脱놻被兼볦并늢、ꆢ훘重ퟩ组믲或퓢遭폶遇破웆产닺、ꆢ?夭헛折等뗈厄뛲?运퓋，ꎬ헢这샠类웳企튵业폫与돖持탸续돉成뎤长컞元풵缘。ꆣ而뛸象쿳限쿞3?퓲则描쏨쫶述了쇋웳企튵业볒家죋人力솦资놾本릩供给룸的뗄最ퟮ佳병状ힴ态첬。ꆣ룃该象쿳限쿞的뗄两솽类샠企웳?业튵家볒在퓚适쫊应펦性탔学톧习쾰能쓜力솦与폫事쫂业튵心탄(?믲或웳企튵业볒家精뺫짱神)?솽两캬维뛈度짏上뻹均뒦处폚于잿强势쫆，ꎬ뇭表쏷明웤其죋人솦力资놾本폫与뷇角즫色쓜能充돤分럖?藕合뫏供ꎬꆰ给릩"룸对ꆱ뛔"ꆰ需탨求쟳"ꆱ具뻟有폐连솬续탸的뗄"ꆰ튻一훂致뗷调쫊适탔性ꆱ"ꆣ。퓚在헢这샠类웳企튵业볒家훷主떼导쿂下，ꎬ튻一엺批벫极뻟具맺国볊际뺺竞헹争솦力的뗄国맺有폐?大듳中훐型탍맇骨룉干웳企튵业和뫍쪵实솦力탛雄뫱厚뗄的쏱民펪营웳企튵业벯集췅团돖持탸续돉成뎤长웰起살来ꆣ。훁至폚于솽两룶个쒣模型탍中훐的뗄2?、ꆢ?4쿳象限쿞，ꎬ좴却뛔对펦应ퟅ着各룷?ퟔ自뗄的差닮异틬性탔。ꆣ?先쿈看뾴模쒣型탍A?的뗄2?ꆢ、4?两솽象쿳限쿞。ꆣ在퓚象쿳限쿞?2ꎬ，웳企튵业볒家춨通뎣常뻟具폐有뫜很잿强뗄的ꆰ"쫊适펦应탔性톧学쾰习쓜能솦力ꆱꎬ表뇭明쏷他쯻们쏇能쓜够릻驾볝?풦驭国맺有폐企웳业튵在퓚市쫐场뎡与폫政헾府뢮双쮫重훘机믺制훆下쿂的뗄成돉长뎤风럧险쿕，ꎬ在퓚他쯻们쏇主훷导떼下쿂，ꎬ웳企튵业돉成长뎤的뗄速쯙度뛈快뿬、ꆢ쫆势춷头잿强。ꆣ떫但由평于폚?其웤较뷏弱죵的뗄事쫂业튵心탄与폫角뷇色즫不늻匹욥配엤，ꎬ죋人力솦资本놾供릩给룸的뗄"ꆰ阿낢基믹米쏗德뗂支횧点뗣"ꆱ[?3]?四?最ퟮ终훕难쓑以틔确좷立솢，ꎬ릩供给룸方랽向쿲的뗄"ꆰ变뇤?异틬"ꆱ퓚在쪱时볤间짏上뻟具폐有쯦随믺机탔性ꆣ。뛸而튻一떩旦헢这훖种ꆰ"틬异뮯化ꆱ"릩供룸给뗄的쪱时훍滞뎬超풽越ꆰ"캯委췐托ꆱ죝"죌容ퟮ忍듳最大쿞限뛈度ꎬꆰ代듺理샭链솴"ꆱ뻍就会믡断뛏?裂쇑。ꆣ原풭本놾隐틾탔性的뗄"ꆰ늻不퓚在ힴ状첬态ꆱ"?맺(国캯资훷委죎主샮任죚李죚融폯融语?뺭)펪经헟营뻍者믡就쿔会탔显뮯性化ꎬꆰ换뮻人죋"ꆱ퓚在듋此쪱时돉成캪为릩供求쟳博늩弈??ꆿ???120
캬웕톶 뗄的튻一个룶뻹均뫢衡뷢解。ꆣ웳企튵业家볒角뷇色즫쫙寿쏼命的뗄终훕结뷡，ꎬ췹往췹往믡会룸给맺国폐有웳企튵业뗄的돖持탸续돉成뎤长듸带살来퓖灾쓑难탔性뗄的뫳后맻果。ꆣ룄改革룯开뾪放럅?틔以살来，ꎬ듋此샠类낸案샽例늢并늻不퓚在짙少数쫽，ꎬ죧如뫬红쯾塔벯集췅团뗄的情쪱时붡健、ꆢ뎤长뫧虹벯集췅团뗄的쓟倪죳润峰럥、ꆢ뿆科쇺龙벯集췅团的뗄顾맋雏돻军뻼、ꆢ틁伊샻利벯集团췅的뗄?郑횣俊뾡怀뮳、ꆢ죽三뻅九벯集췅团뗄的헔赵탂新쿈先뗈等쿠相볌继ꆰ"랭翻짭身실落십马ꆱ"ꎬ웳企튵业튲也틲因듋此뗸跌죫人짮深짮深뗄的돉成뎤长삧困뺳境。ꆣ퓚在象쿳限쿞?4，ꎬ웳企튵业볒家폐有?뫜很强잿的뗄事쫂业튵心탄，ꎬ떫但适쫊应펦性탔学톧习쾰能쓜力솦较뷏差닮，ꎬ人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸处뒦于폚"ꆰ力솦不늻从듓心탄"ꆱ状ힴ态첬，ꎬ以틔至훁于폚难쓑以틔"ꆰ调뗷适쫊"ꆱ웳企业튵的뗄?成돉뎤长环뮷境뺳。ꆣ相쿠应펦地뗘，ꎬ웳企튵业쯤虽퓚在헾政뢮府쟣倾킱斜탔性뗄的헾政닟策럶扶돖持쿂下쓜能ꆰ"믮活ퟅ着ꆱ"ꎬ떫但좱缺랦乏돉成뎤长탔性ꆣ。쿖现뷗阶뛎段뻸绝大듳多뛠数쫽国맺?有폐企웳业튵，ꎬ놻被쯸锁뚨定퓚在这헢一튻状ힴ态첬中훐，ꎬ틲因듋此웤其돖持续탸成돉长뎤能쓜力솦严퇏重훘不늻足ퟣ。ꆣ?再퓙看뾴模쒣型탍B?的뗄?2、ꆢ4?两솽象쿳限쿞。ꆣ这헢两솽个룶象쿳限쿞在퓚"ꆰ쫊适应펦性탔能쓜力솦"ꆱ폫与ꆰ"웳企튵业볒家뺫精짱神ꆱ"뛾二캬维럖分늼布짏上뗄的쳘特헷征횵值与폫?模쒣型탍?A具뻟有폐一튻致훂性탔，ꎬ떫但웤其죋人솦力资놾本릩供룸给뗄的뷡结맻果늢并늻不쿠相춬同ꆣ。헢这쫇是평由폚于쏱民펪营웳企튵业뗄的웳企튵业볒家뺫精짱神主훷튪要是쫇基믹于폚?先쿈天쳬禀?赋뢳的뗄自ퟔ主훷因틲素쯘，ꎬ틲因쏱民펪营웳企튵业샻利틦益쫴属탔性쯹所决뻶뚨定，ꎬ쯼它뗄的잿强죵弱돌程뛈度뿉可틔以펰影쿬响其웤人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸的뗄大듳小킡，ꎬ但떫?不늻믡会显쿔著훸改룄变뇤其웤供릩给룸方랽向쿲。ꆣ因틲而뛸，ꎬ当떱民쏱营펪企웳业튵家볒有폐很뫜强잿的뗄适쫊应펦性탔学톧习쾰能力쓜时솦，쪱会ꎬ믡对뛔"精ꆰ뺫神짱"ꆱ产닺生짺互뮥补늹。ꆣ?因틲듋此，ꎬ벴即뇣便웤其웳企튵业볒家뺫精神짱不늻具뻟有폐某쒳种훖优폅势쫆，ꎬ企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给还룸是뮹"쫇富ꆰ뢻有폐弹'떯腔탔"ꆱ的뗄(?듋此벴即쿳象限쿞?2的뗄情쟩?形탎)?ꆣ。쿖现쪵实훐中ꎬ，헢这샠类웳企튵业볒家뒴创튵业틔以훁至폚于뺭经펪营돉成릦功뗄的룅概싊率뚼都是쫇뫜很高룟的뗄(?붭江ꆢ、헣浙뗘地쟸区쏱民펪营뺭经볃济뗄的랢发햹展퓚在듋此具뻟?有폐普웕遍뇩意틢义틥，ꎬ쯼它뻶决럇非짙少쫽数쳬天짺生헟者횮之릦功，ꎬ떫但쯼它튻一뚨定쫇是듳大뛠多쫽数죋人뛔对于폚市쫐场뎡经뺭济볃的뗄学톧习쾰性탔适쫊应펦)?。ꆣ同춬时쪱，ꎬ这헢也튲?从듓另쇭一튻角뷇度뛈印펡证횤了쇋象쿳限쿞4?的뗄쟩情形탎:ꎺ쯤虽좻然웳企튵业볒家뺫精짱神쳬天짺生뷏较强잿，ꎬ떫但죧如맻果쫊适펦应탔性톧学习쾰能쓜力솦较뷏弱죵，ꎬ퓲则죋人솦力资本놾?只횻能쓜是쫇"ꆰ릩供늻不펦应쟳求ꆱ"ꆣ。탭许뛠多쏱民펪营웳企튵业罢뮨花튻一쿖现ꎬ，뻍就쫇是웳企튵业볒家뛌短웚期쓚内ퟮ最듳大뮯化뗘地샻利用폃了쇋自ퟔ身짭禀?赋뢳、ꆢ抓힡住机믺遇폶?成돉功릦创뒴业튵，ꎬ뛸而뎤长웚期늻不能쓜进뷸行탐适쫊应펦性탔学톧习쾰的뗄结뷡果맻。ꆣ?五컥、ꆢ웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资本놾"ꆰ릩供룸给"?뗄的슷路뺶径톡选퓱择?上짏쫶述两솽룶个模쒣型탍基믹本놾概룅括삨了쇋我컒国맺现쿖阶뷗뛎段国맺有폐及벰民쏱营펪两솽类샠企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸与폫相쿠应펦企웳业튵成돉长뎤状ힴ况뿶。ꆣ?从듓中훐可뿉以틔清쟥楚돾看뾴出돶"ꎬ供ꆰ릩给룸"ꆱ满싺足ퟣ"ꆰ需탨求쟳"ꆱ뗄的쟩情탎形，ꎬ횻只돶出쿖现퓚在쿳象限쿞3?ꎬ，웤其폠余죽三룶个쿳象쿞限뚼都듦存퓚在돌程뛈度늻不춬同的뗄供릩给룸?뛌短缺좱，ꎬ폈尤웤其틔以뗚第튻一쿳象쿞限ퟮ最캪为춻突돶出ꆣ。떱当좻然，ꎬ룷各훖种쟩情탎形뚼都늻不쫇是튻一돉成늻不变뇤的뗄。ꆣ"ꆰ릩供룸给ꆱ"늻不ퟣ足뗄的웤其쯻他죽三룶个쿳象限쿞在퓚?特쳘뚨定쳵条件볾쿂下都뚼폐有可뿉能쓜转人죫象쿳限쿞3?，ꎬ듓从뛸而퓶增듳大웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本릩供룸给뗄的쪵实볊际뿕空볤间ꆣ。늻不맽过由평于폚象쿳限쿞1?远풶离샫象쿳?限쿞?3，ꎬ웤其转뮯化뗄的뿉可쓜能탔性늢并늻不듳大ꎬ，믲或转뮯化쫇是늻不뺭经볃济뗄的ꆣ。뇈比뷏较쿖现쪵实的뗄是쫇，ꎬ춨通맽过훆制뛈度짨设볆计与폫路슷径뺶选톡择퓱，ꎬ듙促成돉2?、ꆢ4??两솽个룶象쿳限쿞的뗄"ꆰ릩供给룸"ꆱ쿲向쿳象限쿞3?转移틆。ꆣ?쿳象限쿞2?和뫍象쿳限쿞4?分럖别뇰短뛌缺좱"ꆰ쫂事튵业至훁上짏"ꆱ뗄的볛价值횵观맛(?맺国폐有企웳业튵家볒)?믲或自ퟔ然좻禀?赋뢳的뗄"ꆰ企웳业튵家볒精뺫神짱"ꆱ(?民쏱营펪?企웳튵业家볒)?폫与ꆰ"쫊适펦应탔性톧学쾰习쓜能솦力ꆱ"ꎬ잰前헟者쫴属폚于ꆰ"뺫精짱神탔性죋人솦力资놾本ꆱ"ꎬ뫳后헟者쫴属폚于ꆰ"횪知쪶识탔性죋人솦力资놾本ꆱ"ꎬ솽两헟者쯤虽然좻뚼都?涉짦及벰"ꆰ탄心智훇"ꆱ틲因쯘素，ꎬ떫但뺫精짱神닣层面쏦的뗄"ꆰ탄心훇智"ꆱ퓚在쿈先쳬天?禀赋뢳部늿分럖很뫜重훘要튪，ꎬ是쫇"ꆰ构릹造퓬性탔"ꆱ?[4?]뗄的，ꎬ웤其뿉可쯜塑性탔相쿠对뛔较뷏弱죵，ꎬ?뛸而知횪识쪶层닣面쏦的뗄"ꆰ탄心智훇"ꆱꎬ具뻟有폐"ꆰ쾰习뗃得"ꆱ탔性ꎬ，쫇是럇非ꆰ"릹构퓬造탔性뗄的ꆱ"ꎬ뿉可틔以춨通맽过뻟具쳥体的뗄学톧习쾰、ꆢ쫔试듭错、ꆢ뇤变틬异폫与톡选퓱择뗈等탐行?캪为맽过程돌，ꎬ룄改뇤变웳企튵业볒家죏认知횪结뷡构릹与폫认죏知횪模쒣式쪽，ꎬ듙促돉成뛔对环뮷境뺳的뗄适쫊应펦性탔反랴应펦，ꎬ因틲而뛸其웤"ꆰ뿉可쯜塑性탔"ꆱ뫜很잿强ꆣ。듓从헢这个룶角뷇?度뛈来살说쮵，ꎬ쿳象限쿞2?过맽渡뛉到떽象쿳限쿞3?，ꎬ룼更뛠多뗘地틀依삵赖폚于"ꆰퟔ自컒我쪵实施쪩"ꆱ믺机制훆;ꎻ뛸而쿳象限쿞4?过맽渡뛉至훁象쿳限쿞?3，ꎬ쫇是ꆰ"ퟔ自훷主"ꆱ폫与"ꆰ죋人?캪为"ꆱ쮫双훘重틲因쯘素붻交互뮥作ퟷ用폃的뗄结뷡果맻，ꎬ形탎成돉于폚"ꆰ쫊适펦应탔性学톧习쾰"ꆱ퇝演뮯化机믺制훆。ꆣ因틲此듋，ꎬ쿳象限쿞?4뷏较象쿳限쿞?2的뗄企웳튵业家볒向쿲象쿳限쿞??3移틆动뚯将붫更룼有폐条쳵件볾、ꆢ폅优쫆势뫍和킧效싊率ꆣ。튲也뻍就쫇是쮵说ꎬ"ꆰ쫊适펦应탔性学톧习쾰机믺制훆"ꆱ뗄的쪵实쪩施，ꎬ쫇是퓶增듳大웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本폐有킧效供릩?给룸的뗄最ퟮ优폅路슷径뺶。ꆣ?六쇹、ꆢ뷡结싛论?1?ꎮ.웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本릩供룸给ꎬ쫇，웳是企튵业돖持탸续돉成뎤长뗄的쓚内퓚在뻶决뚨定틲因쯘素ꆣ。틲因듋此ꎬ，퇐研뺿究웳企튵业볒家죋人솦力资놾本"ꆰ릩供룸给ꆱ"ꎬ具뻟?有폐现쿖实쪵而뛸深짮远풶的뗄意틢义틥。ꆣ?2?.ꎮ企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸的뗄有폐效킧性탔，ꎬ쫇是퓚在웳企튵业돖持续탸돉成长뎤这헢一튻方랽向쿲性탔要튪求쟳约풼束쫸下쿂，ꎬ并늢在퓚客뿍观맛条쳵件볾(?组ퟩ织횯?内쓚췢外环뮷境뺳与폫实쪵际볊可뿉利샻用폃资源풴状ힴ况뿶)?所쯹提쳡供릩的뗄具뻟体쳥空뿕间볤中훐，ꎬ由평企웳业튵家볒的뗄"ꆰ适쫊应펦性탔学톧习쾰能쓜力솦"ꆱ和뫍企웳业튵家볒"ꆰ쫂事业튵?훁至上짏"ꆱ뗄的볛价횵值观맛(?믲或웳企튵业볒家뺫精神짱)?헢这솽两룶个内쓚生짺性탔变뇤量솿共릲同춬决뻶定뚨。ꆣ?3?.ꎮ퓚在由평上짏述쫶两솽个룶内쓚生짺变뇤量솿所쯹主훷导떼的뗄企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸现쿖状ힴ中훐"ꎬ供ꆰ릩不늻应펦求"쟳是ꆱ쫇常뎣态첬，ꎬ而뛸满싺足ퟣ"ꆰ需탨?求쟳"ꆱ뗄的ꆰ"릩供룸给ꆱ"럇非뎣常쾡稀좱缺ꆣ。헢这쫇是컒我맺国쿖现뷗阶뛎段웳企튵业웕普遍뇩成돉长뎤能쓜力솦不늻足ퟣ的뗄深짮层닣根룹源풴。ꆣ??4.ꎮ퓶增大듳企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾供릩给룸的뗄路슷径뺶虽쯤然좻有폐多뛠种훖，ꎬ但떫最ퟮ优폅选톡择퓱是쫇依틀赖삵企웳业튵家볒"ꆰ适쫊应펦性탔学톧习쾰能쓜力솦"ꆱ的뗄提쳡?升짽。ꆣ而뛸从듓企웳业튵家볒人죋力솦资本놾的뗄"ꆰ有폐机믺构릹成돉"ꆱ뷇角뛈度看뾴，ꎬ뻍就쫇是튪要쟳求웳企튵业家볒J在퓚演퇝化뮯学톧习쾰中훐积믽累샛更룼多뛠的뗄"ꆰ놳背뺰景导떼向쿲?型탍人죋力솦资本놾"ꆱ。ꆣ?(?쿂下转第뗚?1?2?6页튳)????ꎮ?121.
캬웕톶 ?O?n? ???????????????????????????????????the Mechanism for the Formation and ????????????????????????????????????????Conducting of Entrepreneurial Atmosphere ?J?I?A?N?G? ?S?a?n ꆪ-?I?i?a?n?g? ꎮ??(?T?h?e? ?S?c?h?o?o?l ?o?f? ?E?c?o?n? ?mi?cs?ꆣ, ?A?n?h?u?i ?U?n?iv?e?r?s?it?yꎬ, ?H?e?f?e?iꎬ, ?A?n?h?u?i ?2?3?(?0?3?9?) ????????ꎺ?????????????????????????????????????ꎬ???????????????????????????????????????ꎬ???????Abstract: Since the beginning of the new century, quite a few provincial govemments in China, one of ?????????????ꎬ????????????????????????????????????ꎮ????????????????????????????????????ꎮ????????????which is Anhui, have made policies to encourage an all-round entrepreneurial social atmosphere. But how can ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꆯ?????????ꆣ?the govemment interact with the fo口nationof the entrepreneurial social atmosphere and the people’s entrepre›?????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꎮ???????????ꆯ????????????????????????????????????ꆣ?neurial activities? These are issues waiting to be solved. Govemment’s ardent wishes could never be trans›?????????????????ꆯ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꎬ????????????????????????fo口nedinto people’s enthusiasm unless the conducting mechanism works smoothly, and without some special ?f?a?c?t?o?r?s?, ?p?e?o?p?l?eꆯ’?s? ?e?n?t?h?u?s?ia?s?m? ?c?o?u?l?d? ?n?o?t? ?b?e? ?c?o?n?d?u?c?te?dꎬ, ?e?i?t?h?e?r.ꎮ? ?????????ꎺ??????????????????????????ꎻ?????????????????????????ꎻ?????????????ꎻ?????????????Key words: entrepreneurial environment; entrepreneurial atmosphere; govemment wish; entrepreneurial ?a?c?t?iv??i?t?y? 퓰责任죎编뇠校킣:ꎺ헅张뎯朝胜쪤?4如白态也班也常也妇也ꎮ?知业班也常?也??由也由哇?辑也指出如也命也?南也如也由쏠也?妇뛻也?常쟇也?知뛻也?由串如也由是坊、也知4垢哇垛4쟇徐?4部白牢也市也班4如쟇咀?但也:뷃í?.~辑也母也由也妇也由也由也由也面?也指{?짏上뷓接뗚第?1?21?页튳)?닎参考뾼文컄献쿗:ꎺ?[? ?1 ?]뇋彼뗃得·ꆤ뗂德슳鲁뿋克ꎮ.?21?쫀世纪볍的뗄管맜理샭쳴挑战햽?[?M]?.ꎮ놱北京뺩:ꎺ믺机킵械工릤业튵出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ2?0?0?1?.ꎮ?[ꆺ2?]? T뚡栋뚰虹뫧.ꎮ웳企튵业家볒主훷导떼下쿂的뗄企웳业튵合뫏约풼模式쒣研쪽究퇐[뺿J?]??ꎮ.훐中맺国릤工业튵经뺭济볃，ꎬ?2?0?0?2ꎬ，(?5?)? ꎬ,7??9 -ꆪ?8?5?. [ꆺ3?]?뿢库尔뛻特쳘·ꆤ多뛠普웕菲럆.ꎮ퇝ì'寅뮯化뺭经济볃学톧:ꎺ룙纲쇬领与폫范랶围캧?[?M]?.ꎮ北놱京뺩:ꎺ룟高뗈等教뷌育폽出돶版냦社짧，ꎬ2??ω?4?.ꎮ??[?4]?柯뿂武커刚룕.ꎮ훆制뛈度뺭经济볃学톧[??M]?.ꎮ놱北뺩京:ꎺ짌商컱务印펡书쫩馆망，ꎬ2?∞??0?:ꎺ3?1?ꆪ-7?8?.ꎮ? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????A Research on the Supply of Entrepreneurial Human Capital Q??IA?N? ?S??hi? -ꆪr?u?? (??咀le??B??us?i?ne?s?s? S?c?h?o?o?l?,ꎬ A?n?h?u?i? U?n?i?ve?r?s? ?t?y,ꎬ H?e?f?ei?,ꎬ A?n?h?u?i? 2?3?(?0?3?9?)? ????????ꎺ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ꆤ??ꆣ?Abstract: The supply of entrepreneurial human capital has its own special connotations and demand. Un›???????????????????????????????????????????????????ꎬ????????????????????????????????????????????????ꆣ?der the restriction of special direction and condition, the supply of entrepreneurial human capital forms con›???????????ꎮ?????????????ꎬ???????????????????????????????????????ꎬ??????????????????????????????????????crete space. In this space, there are many paths that can be selected, but the flexible mechanism of study may ????????????????????????????ꎮ???????????????????????????????????????????????ꎮ????????????????????????????be an efficient evolution path, and it can accelerate the endogeny of the supply. The endogenous supply varies ??????????????????????????????ꎮ??????????ꎬ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????between different entrepreneurs. Accordingly, the growth ability and states of the corresponding enterprises t?ak?e? ?o?n? ?m?a?r?k?e?d? ?d?i?f?fe?r?e?n?c?e?.ꎮ ?K?e?y? ?w?o?r?d?s?:ꎺ e?n?t?r?e?p?r?e?n?e?u?r?;ꎻ h?u?m?a?n? ?c?a?p?i?t?a?l?; ꎻs?u?p?p?l?y ?r?e?s?e?a?r?c?h? ?퓰죎뇠킣ꎺ헅뎯쪤?责任编校:张朝胜1?2?6? ?
