`ֻ10जֻ2௹ඣ॓࿐ࣉᅚ`,`1999୍6ᄅ``ADVANCESINWATERSCIENCE```Jun.,1999`ඣሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬* 汪党献 王 浩 尹明万(ᇏݓඣ০ඣ॓࿐࣮ჽ`Кࣘ100044)ᅋ`ေ`ᄝฐษඣሧჷaඣሧჷࡎᆴބඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬ଽݤ֥ࠎԤഈ,ಪູඣሧჷ֥ࡎᆴൌགྷᄝႿඣሧჷ֥ॖӻ࿃০Ⴈ;Ֆሧჷषؿ০Ⴈ֥࢘؇,ॖࡼඣሧჷٳӮሧჷඣሧჷa۽ӱඣሧჷބᄜളඣሧჷো;҂ো֥ඣሧჷ,ఃࡎᆴଽݤބࡎ۬ܒӮ൞҂֥;ඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬൞ඣሧჷࡎᆴ࠹ෘ֥ࠎԤbܱՍ`ඣሧჷ`ඣሧჷࡎᆴ`ඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬ٳোݼ`;`ඣሧჷ֥ଽݤ`ሱಖሧჷ֥ଽݤሧჷ൞ದোഠ߶ളӁൌ֥ሱಖ่ࡱބᇉࠎԤ,൞ॖ܂ದো০Ⴈ֥ЏҍڶbՖܼၬഈඪ,ሧჷЇওሱಖሧჷaࣜ࠶ሧჷބದ໓ഠ߶ሧჷ;Ֆ༮ၬഈࢃ,ሧჷหᆷሱಖሧჷ,ೂঀӁሧჷaֹሧჷaඣሧჷa೦ਟሧჷ֩bؓሱಖሧჷ֥ಪ്,๙ӈ఼טఃoࣜ࠶ࡎᆴpྟbuՊݚvᇏϜሧჷۀওູoሧҍ֥টჷ,၂Ϯᆷ฿ಖ֥ҍჷp,ሱಖሧჷູo฿ಖթᄝ֥ሱಖ,҂Їওದোࡆ۽ᇅᄯ֥ჰਘp;1972୍৳ކݓߌܿ߃ඇקၬ:ູoᄝ၂קॢࡗaൈࡗ่֥ࡱ༯,ିӁളࣜ࠶ࡎᆴၛิۚದো֒భބໃটڞ০֥ሱಖߌၹބ่ࡱp;uႇݓնϤ॓ಆvϜሱಖሧჷඪӮ൞ದোॖၛ০Ⴈ֥ሱಖളӮ,ၛࠣളӮᆃུӮٳ֥ߌۿି,భᆀЇওֹaඣaնగaെaঀࠣఃಕุ೦ਟaҤֹaঀӁބݚလ֩,ުᆀᄵᆷဝିaള༢֥ߌࠏିaֹ౯߄࿐֥࿖ߌࠏି֩b၂Ϯಪູ,ሱಖሧჷ൞ᆷᄝ၂ק֥ඌࣜ࠶่ࡱ༯,ሱಖࢸᇏؓದোളթؿᅚႵႨ֥၂్ᇉބିਈ,ሧჷ൞၂۱֥ۀ,Ⴕਈaᇉaൈࡗބॢࡗଖᇕඋྟ,ྐ༏aඌބཌྷؓ༎ಌྟ֥э߄ିϜၛభીႵࡎᆴ֥ת༆эӮЏ֥ሧჷ`ݓଽຓؓඣሧჷଽݤ֥ಪ്ؓඣሧჷ֥ಪ്ࠎЧഈ఼טඣሧჷऎႵॖФ০Ⴈ֥หྟ,ඣሧჷ൞၂ᇕऎႵoࣜ࠶ࡎᆴp֥ሱಖሧჷb۲ሱ෮קၬ֥ඣሧჷႵܼၬა༮ၬᆭٳ[1]bܼၬඣሧჷູሱಖࢸᇏ၂్ॖູದো০Ⴈ֥ඣ,Їওܥa၁ބగඣ,Їওնඣaնగඣaݚඣބᄜളඣ֩b༮ၬඣሧჷᇶေູॖФದোषؿ০Ⴈ,ିડቀದোളࠃളӁླေ,ऎႵ၂ק֥ඔਈބᇉਈ֥฿ಖඣჷ`ؓඣሧჷଽݤ֥නॉඣሧჷ൞၂ᇕሱಖሧჷ,൞Ⴎնగࢆඣ෮ྙӮ֥aିູದো෮০Ⴈ֥฿ಖඣჷbᄝൌ࠽ႋႨᇏ,၂Ϯࡼದোषؿ০Ⴈ֥۽ӱඣaඣԩު֥߭Ⴈඣaॖၛ০Ⴈ֥ݚඣ္֩ӫູඣሧ ൬۠ರ௹:1998-04-01;ྩڿ۠ರ௹:1998-06-28b
196ඣ॓࿐ࣉᅚֻ10जჷbࠧದো෮ି০Ⴈ֥෮Ⴕඣჷ,ӫູඣሧჷbгᆀಪູඣሧჷсྶऎСॖӻ࿃০Ⴈ֥หྟbၛ།വߌaളིၭࠇؓߌaളӁള҂ॖྟߊ֥ದো෮০Ⴈ֥ඣุࠇඣਈ,൞҂ି࠹ೆඣሧჷ֥,ೂᆰࢤܹۃ֥٬ඣaӑҐֹ֥༯ඣa҂ژކളѓሙ֥ႂඣ(ೂۚڗඣ)֩bՖषؿ০Ⴈ֥࢘؇,ॖၛࡼඣሧჷٳູሧჷඣሧჷa۽ӱඣሧჷބᄜളඣሧჷোbඣሧჷ֥ᇶֹุູ֎ඣሧჷ,Їওֹіඣބֹ༯ඣbሧჷඣሧჷູԩႿ฿ಖሧჷሑ༯֥,ၘູದো෮ಪ്֥aഉໃषؿ০ႨॖၛФषؿ০Ⴈ֥฿ಖඣჷb۽ӱඣሧჷູ๙ݖ۽ӱծീؓ฿ಖඣሧჷࣉྛषؿ০Ⴈު֥ඣჷ,ೂྐྵaႄaิ۽ӱิ܂֥ඣਈ֩bᄜളඣሧჷູದোؓ٬ඣaݚඣ֩ࣉྛ۽ӱඌڿᄯࠇࣉྛa߄࿐aളԩ,ఃႨۿିა฿ಖ֎ඣཌྷࠇࠎЧཌྷ֥ඣჷbՖ۽ӱࣜ࠶֥࢘؇ഈࢳ,ᄜളඣሧჷ္ॖ݂ѩ֞۽ӱඣሧჷᇏ,ၹط,ᄝ࣮ඣሧჷࡎᆴൈ,Ч໓ࡼඣሧჷٳӮሧჷඣሧჷބ۽ӱඣሧჷਆնোb2`ඣሧჷࡎᆴଽݤ`ሧჷࡎᆴ࣮֥ંࠎԤ࣮ሧჷࡎᆴ֥ંބٚمᇶေႵ:সࡎᆴંaֹሿંaིႨࡎᆴંa܂ંaш࠽ིႨંaࠏ߶ӮЧم֩bসࡎᆴ:ંઔक़නসࡎᆴંಪູࡎᆴਈ֥նཬथקႿ෮ཨݻ֥ഠ߶сေসൈࡗ֥؟ܪboᄝሱಖሧჷᄜളӁݖӱᇏϴෛሢದোস֥,ೆႿ൞ᆜ۱གྷթ֥aႵႨ֥a༎ಌ֥ሱಖሧჷ(҂ܵݖಀ൞ڎೆস,ࠧ൞ڎ൞সӁ)іགྷູऎႵࡎᆴ,ఃࡎᆴਈ֥նཬࣼ൞ᄝሱಖሧჷ֥ᄜളӁݖӱᇏದো෮ೆ֥ഠ߶сေসൈࡗp[2]bઔक़නߎิԛਔoਸ਼၂ᇕၩၬഈ֥сေসൈࡗp(uሧЧંvֻ3जֻ717်),ః෮ൌགྷ֥ࡎᆴ,൞๙ݖሱಖሧჷ֥ሧЧඋྟطൌགྷ֥bೂᄝٳ༅ֹࡎᆴൈ,ઔक़නࡼϜֹᇉބֹሧЧљषট࣮,ಪֹູᇉቔູሱಖթᄝބሱಖڮჍ֥၂ᇕሱಖሧჷ,൞ࡎᆴ,֥oؓၘࣜэӮളӁሧਘֹ֥ࣉྛྍ֥ሧ,္ࣼ൞ᄝ҂ᄹࡆֹ֥ᇉֹࠧ૫ࠒ֥౦ঃ༯ᄹࡆሧЧp(uሧЧંvֻ1जֻ698်),oֹሧЧp൞Ⴕࡎᆴ֥,ၹູoીႵࡎᆴ֥ת༆ᄝྙൔഈॖၛऎႵࡎ۬p(uઔक़නض۬ථಆࠢvֻ23जֻ120်)bֹሿં:ֹሿંؓሧჷࡎᆴ࣮ऎႵཌྷ֒ն֥႕ཙ,ֹሿંটჷႿֹሧჷ֥࣮bսіྟંႵ:ࡁֹ֥ሿંaઔक़නֹ֥ሿંބ᠉غ೦ֹ֥ሿંbࡁಪֹູሿ҂൞ֹ֥Ӂ,ط൞୪ြളӁᇏӑح০֥ሇ߄ྙൔ,oચֹᆭ෮ၛऎႵۚࡎ֥ჰၹᄝႿཬચऎႵۚࡎp,oֹ֥ࡎᆴປಆ൞Ⴎ֥Ӂ֥ࡎᆴ෮ႄᇁ֥pbֹሿ൞၂ᇕࡎᆴԷᄯbઔक़නಪູoֹሿ֥ᅝႵ൞ֹ෮Ⴕಃࢹၛൌགྷ֥ࣜ࠶ྙൔp(uઔक़නض۬ථಆࠢvֻ18ज315်)boֹሿ൞ູਔ౼֤Ⴈሱಖ৯ࠇᆀ(๙ݖႨস)ᅝႵֆՂሱಖӁ֥ಃ০طڱ۳ᆃུሱಖ৯ࠇֆՂሱಖӁ֥෮Ⴕᆀ֥ࡎ۬p(ઔक़නuഺჅࡎᆴંvֻ2ࠢ274j275်)bֹ෮ႵಃܒӮਔઔक़නֹሿં֥ނྏbઔक़නֹሿંᆀಪູoሱಖሧჷ֥թᄝބႚႵ൞ದোঠၛളթބؿᅚቋᇗေބቋࠎЧ֥ᇉࠎԤbሱಖሧჷ൞ܒӮഠ߶ҍڶ֥ࠎЧေ,൞Ⴕࡎᆴ֥bሱಖሧჷЧദ֥ࡎ۬ࠇࡎᆴࣼ൞ሧЧ߄ਔ֥ሧჷֹሿpb᠉غ೦ՖሧჷܒӮളӁေ֥࢘؇,ಪֹູሿ൞ֹေ֥ཌྷႋБԏ,ఃնཬ౼थႿളӁေࡗཌྷ၇ঠ֥ш࠽ളӁ৯bֹሿथקႿ܂ܱ༢෮ྙӮ֥नޙࡎ,۬๙ݖֹሿބളӁေ
`ֻ2௹ລ֔ང֩:ඣሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬197ࡎ֥۬э߄ॖ࿙༎ಌሧჷ֥ކٳ,ؓ༎ಌሧჷᆘ൬ֹሿࡼႵᇹႿߏሧჷ֥४ࢰbིႨࡎᆴ:ંིႨࡎᆴ,ંჷሱ၈֥ંbھંಪ,ູࡎᆴ൞ႮളӁٮႨथק֥,طֹሿࠇఃሧჷࡎᆴุགྷᄝֹሧჷࠇఃሧჷቔູളӁေؓളӁ֥ڛༀБԏ,ֹࠧࠇఃሧჷႋ֤֥൬ၭbః൬ၭ֥նཬູളӁӁࠇഅሹ൬ၭ२ԢሹӮЧ֥Ⴥحb܂ં:܂ંಪ,ູ၂ᇕഅ֥ࡎ۬ᇶေ൞Ⴎھഅ֥܂ླሑঃथק,֥طࡎ۬ඣᄵ౼थႿਆᆀ֥ޙׄbၹሧჷ܂۳ಌഒྟ,ޓᅳ֞܂֥ޙׄ,ၹطၛಒקሧჷ֥ࡎ۬bႿ൞,ھંᆷԛ,ؓႿའֹᆃဢ֥ሧჷ,ః܂۳൞ܥק,֥ીႵളӁӮЧ,္ીႵ܂۳ࡎ۬,ၹطః܂۳ᆺ൳ླ֥႕ཙ,ఃࡎᆴ౼थႿሧჷ֥ш࠽ളӁି৯bطᆃᇕш࠽ളӁି৯Ⴛ౼थႿ൧ӆഈ܂۳აླሑঃbш࠽ིႨ:ંھંಪ,ູଖ၂ҍေႵࡎᆴ,сྶ࠻ႵིႨ,ႻႵ༎ಌ,ྟਆᆀ֥ࢲކູш࠽ིႨ,ᆃᇕш࠽ིႨӫᆭູoࡎᆴpboш࠽ིႨקੰ൞ࡎᆴ֥၂Ϯܿੰp,oླЌӻ҂э,܂۳ჟն,ш࠽ིႨބࡎᆴࣼჟཬ,ّᆭၧಖ;طਸ਼၂ٚ૫,ླჟն,ш࠽ིႨބࡎᆴࣼჟ,ّۚᆭၧಖp(ົೖغuሱಖࡎᆴvֻ73်)bིႨა༎ಌྟ֥ࢲކ,൞ш࠽ིႨՖطႻ൞ࡎᆴྙӮ֥сေ่ࡱაԉٳ่ࡱbࠏ߶ӮЧم:ሧჷ֥༎ಌ,߶ሧჷ֥҆ٳႨೞാఃႨሧჷ֥ࠏ߶,ႮՎ߶ӁളႨሱಖሧჷ֥ࠏ߶ӮЧbႮႿགྷൈؓሱಖሧჷ֥षؿ০Ⴈ,߶֝ᇁໃটषؿӮЧᄹࡆb۲ᇕჿඏཋᇅࡆ఼ၛࠣߌӮЧശۚ,ՖطӁളႨሱಖሧჷ֥ш࠽ࠏ߶ӮЧᄹնbၹطሱಖሧჷӁ֥ࡎ۬ЇওषؿႨ֥ш࠽ӮЧބш࠽ࠏ߶ӮЧਆ҆ٳbш࠽ࠏ߶ӮЧႻӫູ༎ಌྟֹሿbఃٚم:ؓႿໃೆ൧ӆࢌၞ֥ሱಖሧჷ,ӈҐ౼ٚمႵ:ٚم,০Ⴈ൧ӆഈႵܱ൧ӆഅ֥ඔऌটෘٳ༅٤൧ӆ֥ሱಖሧჷ֥ࡎᆴ;่ࡱࡎٚم,ၛࡌഡ൧ӆթᄝ่ູࡱ,טҰཨٮᆀᆦڱၩ჻֥ٚم;ቋ֮ӮЧ֥ॖูսഅӮЧم;֩֩bгᆀಪູ,അ֥ࡎᆴᄝႿসԷᄯa܂ܱ༢aഅ֥ᇉbၹطসࡎᆴંa܂ં֩ॖႨႿ࣮ࠎЧऎႵഅหྟ֥ሧჷ(ೂ۽ӱඣሧჷ)֥ࡎᆴbؓሱಖሧჷটඪ,ෙಖದোসॖᄹࡆሧჷིႨ,ሧჷᄹᆴ,ఃЧദ෮ऎႵ֥ࡎᆴ҂൞ದোস֥Ӯݔbၹطઔक़න֥ਸ਼၂ᇕഠ߶сေসൈࡗ֥ۀ,๙ݖࡎ۬აࡎᆴཌྷຂ֥ٳ༅ٚمॖ࣮ሱಖሧჷࡎᆴbၹሧჷऎႵ෮Ⴕಃ,ܣֹሿં൞ሱಖሧჷࡎᆴ࣮֥ࠎЧંᆭ၂bႻၹሧჷ֥༎ಌྟaႵཋྟބஆႨ,ྟၹط,ш࠽ંaࠏ߶ӮЧم္֩ӈႨႿ࣮ሱಖሧჷ֥ࡎᆴ`ඣሧჷ֥ࣜ࠶ࡎᆴඣሧჷ൞၂ᇕದোഠ߶ളթބؿᅚс҂ॖഒ֥ᇗေሧჷ,ބఃሱಖሧჷ၂ဢ,ऎႵࣜ࠶ࡎᆴbඣሧჷ֥ࡎᆴᄝႿ:ඣሧჷऎႵႨࡎᆴ,ିડቀದোؓඣ֥ളଁླ,ބ၉aൊ֩ದোࠎЧളթᇉऎႵဢ֥ᇗေ;ྟඣሧჷ൞ᇗေ֥ളӁေ,๙ݖކषؿބ০Ⴈඣሧჷ,ିᄹࡆഠ߶࣪ڞ০,ି՜ࣉഠ߶ࣜ࠶ؿᅚ;ඣሧჷऎႵളߌЌᅰቔႨ,ऎႵളߌࡎᆴ;ඣሧჷऎႵ෮Ⴕᆀಃၭ,ऎႵሧჷֹሿ;Ⴕཋඣሧჷषؿ০Ⴈ൞ླေڱԛսࡎ,֥ऎႵФᅝႨބஆႨ֥ࢌၞࡎ۬ࠇࡎᆴ;Ֆॖӻ࿃ܴׄु,ඣሧჷ֥षؿ০Ⴈ,ႋุགྷഠ߶܄,ྟႋॉ੮֞ުս֥ླ,ၹطඣሧჷᄝॢࡗഈބൈࡗഈऎႵ҂֥ࡎᆴޙਈb࣐ܵඣሧჷऎႵࣜ࠶ࡎᆴၘູ܋,്ൌᇏ,ದૌؓඣሧჷࡎᆴ֥ಪ്aܙࡎٚم൞Ⴕҵљ֥bቔᆀಪູ,࣮ሧჷ(Їওඣሧჷ)ࣜ࠶ࡎᆴ֥ԛؿׄႋࠎႿॖӻ࿃০Ⴈބᆜุࣜ࠶ིၭቋն֥ჰᄵb҂ކ֥aሔअི҆ၭ།വᆜุིၭ֥ሧჷषؿ০Ⴈٚൔ,෮ൌགྷ֥अ֥҆a֒భ֥ࣜ࠶ིၭ൞҂ିّ႘ሧჷࣜ࠶ࡎᆴ֥b
198ඣ॓࿐ࣉᅚֻ10ज`ሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴଽݤሧჷඣሧჷ֥ࠎЧหྟູ:ದোؓఃીႵসೆࠇࣇཋႿೂሧჷाҰaࡎࠇܿ߃֩Ⴕཋ֥ഒਈস;ೆఃԩႿ฿ಖሧჷሑ,ીႵࣉೆದোളӁࠇളࠃਵთbቔᆀಪູ,ሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴᇶေЇݣሧჷֹሿބభ௹সೆ֥ٮႨbሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴ֥ંࠎԤູઔक़නֹ֥ሿ,ંఃࡎᆴุགྷਔඣሧჷ෮Ⴕᆀ֥ಃၭ,ఃࡎᆴਈࠇࡎ֥۬նཬॖၛ๙ݖधֹؓሿބࠩҵֹሿটّ႘bधֹؓሿ൞ඣሧჷႨᆀсྶေڱ۳ඣሧჷ෮Ⴕᆀ֥ሧჷֹሿbႮႿඣሧჷթᄝႪਜ,ྟႪ֩ඣሧჷषؿᆀႋࡼၹ෮ࠆ֤֥ӑح০,ၛֹሿ֥ྙൔࢌ۳ඣሧჷ෮Ⴕᆀ,ᆃ҆ٳӑح০ູࠧࠩҵֹሿbधֹؓሿބࠩҵֹሿ൞ሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴ֥ᇶุbದোؓඣሧჷభ௹সೆ(ೂाҰaࡎaܿ߃֩)֥ٮႨႋᄝሧჷ෮ႵಃཟႨಃሇߐᆭᇏ֤ၛҀӊ,ᆃ္ູሧჷ֥ႵིܵaЌބषؿ০Ⴈิ܂сေ֥ࣜ࠶่ࡱބᇉࠎԤbၹՎ,ᆃུٮႨ္ႋ࠹ೆሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴᇏbᄝഈඍંඍᇏ,ടࠣ֞ਔඣሧჷ֥෮ႵᆀބႨᆀਆٚ૫b္ࣼ൞ඪ,ඣሧჷ֥෮ႵಃބႨಃ൞ຂ,֥ሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴູࠧඣሧჷֹሿbݓඣሧჷඋႿݓࡅ෮Ⴕbuᇏದ܋ބݓཉمvֻ၂ᅣֻ่ࣴބuඣمvֻ่Ⴕૼಒܿקbၹطሧჷඣሧჷֹሿႋඋݓࡅ෮Ⴕ,ݓࡅؓඣሧჷႚႵӁಃ,ޅֆ໊ބ۱ದषؿ০Ⴈඣሧჷсྶေཟݓࡅ࢚ବֹሿ,ࠧඣሧჷٮbݓၘൌྛᆘ൬ඣሧჷٮᇅ؇buඣمvֻඹ่ܿק,oؓӬ൧ᇏᆰࢤՖֹ༯౼ඣ֥ֆ໊,ᆘ൬ඣሧჷٮ;ఃᆰࢤՖֹ༯ࠇᆀࡾފaѻ౼ඣ,֥ॖၛႮസaሱᇍaᆰ༪൧ದᆟکथקᆘ൬ඣሧჷٮp,oඣٮބඣሧჷٮ֥ᆘ൬Ϸم,Ⴎݓༀჽܿק`۽ӱඣሧჷࡎᆴଽݤ۽ӱඣሧჷЇওඣ০۽ӱ֥ྐྵႄิඣ,षҐ০Ⴈֹ֥༯ඣ,ඣԩު֥߭Ⴈඣ,০Ⴈ֥ݚඣ֩bᆃোඣሧჷ֥ࠎЧหᆘູದো֥সೆބࠎЧऎႵഅඋྟbቔᆀಪູ,ؓႿކ֥aژކӻ࿃ؿᅚჰᄵطषؿ০Ⴈ֥ඣሧჷ,ఃࡎᆴܙਈ֥ࠎԤູ۽ӱ֥ೆඣބ൧ӆ܂ܱ༢,ؓႿ།വᆜุ০ၭaߌളིၭࠇᆺሔ֒భ০ၭa҆০ၭ֩҂ॖӻ࿃০Ⴈ֩ٚൔषؿ০Ⴈ֥ඣሧჷ֥ࡎᆴܙਈ,ᄵ҂ି၇ऌದোೆਈ֥նཬটޙਈb္ࣼ൞ඪ,ඣሧჷ֥ࡎᆴൌགྷᄝႿඣሧჷ֥ކ০ႨbؓႿॖӻ࿃০Ⴈ֥۽ӱඣሧჷ,ఃіགྷྙູഅඣ,๙ݖ൧ӆࢌၞ֤ၛൌགྷఃࡎᆴbႮႿඣሧჷᄝ҂ֹᆭࡗթᄝሢ༎ಌྟބ၂္ֹթᄝሢඣ໓ഈ֥پ४э߄,ၹط,܂ંaш࠽ࡎᆴંބࠏ߶ӮЧم္֩ॖၛቔູඣሧჷࡎᆴ࣮֥ંބٚمbದো֥স,ೆᇶေູሧࣁೆaস৯ೆބඌೆ֩bՖӮЧ࢘؇ඪ,ದো֥ᆃུসೆႋᄝ۽ӱඣሧჷႨ֥ڱٮᇏ֤ၛ߭БbႨ۽ӱඣሧჷ֥Ⴈсྶڱٮ,षؿ০Ⴈඣሧჷ֥ֆ໊ބ۱ದႋࠆ֤ކمಃၭ,uඣمvؓՎႵૼಒܿק,oႨ܂ඣ۽ӱ܂ႋ֥ඣ,ႋ֒οᅶܿקཟ܂ඣֆ໊࢚ବඣٮp(ֻඹ่),oݓࡅЌ၇مषؿ০Ⴈඣሧჷ֥ֆ໊ބ۱ದ֥ކمಃၭp(ֻ)่b۽ӱඣሧჷ֥ࡎᆴਈЇওਔཌྷႋ֥ሧჷඣሧჷ֥ࡎᆴਈބ۽ӱषؿᄹࡆ֥ࡎᆴਈb۽ӱඣሧჷࡎᆴܙࡎ,ݓඣ০ࣜ࠶ࢸؓՎ࣮؟,္Ⴕ҆ϯࣜ࠶ࡎܿٓbླေ఼ט֥൞,ႮႿႵ҆ٳඣሧჷ۽ӱඋ܄ၭ൙ြ,ఃԷᄯ֥ᆰࢤࣜ࠶ࡎᆴбࢠ֮ࠇીႵӁԛིၭ,ഠ߶ࡎᆴбࢠۚbၹطᄝܙࡎᆃোඣሧჷ֥ࡎᆴൈ,ႋؓఃഠ߶ིၭቔԛކࡎb
`ֻ2௹ລ֔ང֩:ඣሧჷඣሧჷࡎᆴඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬1993`ඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬`႕ሰࡎ֥۬ଽݤ႕ሰࡎ۬൞ᆷ֒ഠ߶ԩႿଖᇕቋႪሑ,ିܔّ႘ഠ߶সཨݻaሧჷ༎ಌӱ؇ބؓቋᇔӁླ౦ঃ֥ࡎ۬[3]b္ࣼ൞ඪ,႕ሰࡎ۬൞ದູಒק֥aбགྷൈࡎ۬۷ູކ֥ࡎ۬boކp֥ѓᆽ,Ֆקࡎჰᄵु,ႋھ۷ݺֹّ႘Ӂ֥ࡎᆴ,ّ႘൧ӆ܂ሑঃ,ّ႘ሧჷ༎ಌӱ؇;Ֆࡎ۬Ӂԛིݔഈु,ႋھିሧჷᇂཟႪ߄֥ٚཟؿᅚbЧᇉഈࢃ,႕ሰࡎ۬ࣼ൞ႵཋሧჷᄝቋႪٳaކ০Ⴈ༯ؓഠ߶ଢѓ֥ш࠽܊ང,ႮՎॖၛࢳ႕ሰࡎູ۬ш࠽ࡎ۬,ّ႘ሧჷ০Ⴈ֥ш࠽Ӂԛ֥ࣜ࠶ིݔbՖ൧ӆ֥࢘؇,ुఃіགྷູ܂ࡎ۬bՖཨٮᆀ֥࢘؇টु,ཨٮᆀᆦڱၩ჻္ॖၛّ႘ԛ႕ሰࡎ,۬ၹູཨٮᆀ჻ၩᆦڱ֥ࡎّ۬႘ਔཨٮᆀؓ෮ླഅ֥ш࠽ᆦڱି৯,ູཨٮᆀؓ෮ઙഅ֥ࠏ߶ӮЧbοഈඍٳ༅,ᄝປಆሱႮࣩᆚ֥൧ӆ༯,അ֥႕ሰࡎ۬֩Ⴟ൧ӆࡎ۬`ඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬ඣሧჷऎႵ႕ሰࡎ۬bඣሧჷ֥႕ሰࡎູ۬ࣜݖႪ߄ᇂުֆ໊ඣሧჷਈؓഠ߶ࣜ࠶ؿᅚ֥ш࠽܊ངbೂభ໓෮ඍ,ඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ္۬ٳູሧჷބ۽ӱਆোbሧჷඣሧჷ֥ࡎ۬ႋุགྷ:ඣሧჷ෮Ⴕᆀ֥ಃၭaඣሧჷ֥ᇉa༎ಌྟބದোؓඣሧჷ֥ाҰa௴ҰaࡎބЌ֥ೆඣ֩(і1)bሧჷඣሧჷི֥Ⴈۿି၂Ϯ҂ֆ࠹ෘ္ၛ࠹ෘ,ॖ๙ݖ൧ӆླࡗࢤّ႘bݓሧჷඋݓࡅ෮Ⴕ,ሧჷ෮Ⴕಃၭ(ሧჷֹሿ)൞ݓࡅ๙ݖඥ൬ٚൔটّ႘bದোসೆᇶေ൞ᆷݓࡅູႵིषؿ০ႨඣሧჷބЌඣሧჷطೆ၂ק֥ದ৯a৯ބҍ৯ؓඣሧჷࣉྛाҰa௴ҰaࡎބЌ֩,ᆃུসೆႋᄝሧჷࡎ۬ᇏ֤ၛุགྷ,ఃܒӮਔඣሧჷࡎ֥۬ٮႨࠎԤbሧჷ֥༎ಌྟaႪਜྟؓሧჷࡎ֥۬႕ཙᇶေ๙ݖሧჷ൧ӆ܂ܱ༢টّ႘b၂Ϯඪ,ሧჷᄀ༎ಌ,܂؛ᄀնൈ,ఃሧჷ֥ࡎ္۬ႋᄀ;ۚਜ֩ሧჷ֥ࡎ۬бႪ֩ሧჷ֥ࡎ۬ေ,֮ၹਜ֩ሧჷ֥षؿ০Ⴈေڱԛ۷؟֥ೆ,ၹఃሧჷᇉေҵbଢభݓ෮ᆘ൬֥ඣሧჷٮ,൞ሧჷඣሧჷࡎ֥۬ࡗࢤّ႘b``۽ӱඣሧჷࡎ۬ᇶေᄝ൧ӆࢌၞᇏ֤ၛൌགྷbႮႿݓඣሧჷ֥ݓࡅ෮Ⴕඋྟࠣඣࡎᇅק֥ᆟک؎,ྟऎႵ௴ђྟ֥ඣࡎொ֮གྷའᄯӮਔඣሧჷ֥শٮބ҂ކ০Ⴈ,ၛࠣݓႵܥקሧӁ֥ੀാ,ᇗݝਔႵཋඣሧჷ֥ॖӻ࿃০Ⴈbଢభᆘ൬֥ඣࡎࣇඋקࡎٓԐ,҂ିّ႘ඣሧჷ֥ሧჷࡎ۬b۽ӱඣሧჷ(္ॖӫູഅඣ)֥ࡎ۬ႋՖඣ֥ളӁေa൧ӆေބඣ֥അᇉٚ૫টॉ੮bളӁေᇶေູሧჷඣሧჷ֥ೆ(ܓઙႨಃ)aࡹഡሧࣁ֥ೆބস৯֥ೆb൧ӆေᇶေ๙ݖഅඣ൧ӆ֥܂ܱ༢টّ႘,طཨٮᆀ֥ᆦڱି৯္ႋ۳Ⴭቀܔ֥ॉ੮,ᇶေູ୪ြඣࡎཌྷؓေ֮Ⴟ۽ြඣࡎbඣ֥ᇉ,ᇶေ൞ॉ੮֞ඣ໓֥پ४э߄ؓഅඣ܂۳֥Ќᆣੱ֥႕ཙ,֒ಖඣࡎ္ႋุགྷඣุᇉਈ֥ݺߊbі1`ඣሧჷࡎ۬ܒӮေٳ༅ሧჷඣሧჷ۽ӱඣሧჷcሧჷིႨ(Ⴈࡎᆴ)cളӁေcሧჷ෮Ⴕᆀಃၭ(ሧჷֹሿ)``ሧჷೆ(ඣሧჷaࡹഡሧࣁ)cসೆ(ሧჷٮ)``সೆcc༎ሧಌჷӱ؇ᇉ(൧ӆ܂)c൧ӆေ(Ⴊaਜྟ)``܂ܱ༢``ཨٮᆀᆦڱି৯(୪ြa۽ြඣࡎ)cഅᇉ(ඣᇉaඣਈ)
200ඣ॓࿐ࣉᅚֻ10जഈඍٚ૫൞Ֆ҂֥࢘؇টّ႘ඣഅࡎ֥۬bളӁေᇶေႨႿّ႘ඣഅളӁ֥ӮЧ,൞ᇅקඣࡎ֥ӮЧނෘࠎԤ;൧ӆေᇶေّ႘അඣ֥܂ܱ༢ؓඣࡎ֥႕ཙ,൞ࡎᆴܿੰุ֥གྷ;طഅඣ֥ᇉᄵႨႿّ႘ඣ໓උྟؓഅඣ܂֥႕ཙࠣႨؓ҂Ќᆣੱ༯܂ඣླ֥ҵၳbᆀؓඣሧჷࡎ֥۬ྙӮఏሢᇗေቔႨ,ᄝ҂౦ঃ༯,ᆀؓ۽ӱඣሧჷࡎ۬ྙӮ֥႕ཙնཬ൞҂၂ဢ֥b4`ࢲ``ეඣሧჷ൞၂ᇕሱಖሧჷ,ᇶေ൞Ⴎնగࢆඣ෮ྙӮ֥aିູದো෮০Ⴈ֥฿ಖඣჷbᄝࡎބ০Ⴈඣሧჷൈ,сྶّ႘ඣሧჷ֥ॖӻ࿃০ႨหྟbՖሧჷषؿ০Ⴈ֥࢘؇,ॖၛࡼඣሧჷٳູሧჷඣሧჷa۽ӱඣሧჷބᄜളඣሧჷোbЧ໓ؓሧჷࡎᆴ࣮֥ંࠎԤࣉྛਔࡥေඍ,ѩᄝՎࠎԤഈฐษਔሧჷඣሧჷބ۽ӱඣሧჷ֥ࡎᆴଽݤbቔᆀಪູሧჷඣሧჷ֥ࣜ࠶ࡎᆴᄝႿඣሧჷ֥෮Ⴕಃބ༎ಌྟ;ؓႿॖӻ࿃০Ⴈ֥۽ӱඣሧჷ,ఃࡎᆴᇶေႮದো֥সೆඣބඣሧჷ൧ӆ֥܂ܱ༢ಒקbসࡎᆴંaֹሿંaш࠽ંa܂ં֩ંࢥॖႨႿ࣮ඣሧჷ֥ࣜ࠶ࡎᆴbඣሧჷࡎᆴൌགྷᄝႿඣሧჷ֥ކ০Ⴈ,ඣሧჷ႕ሰࡎ۬൞ඣሧჷࡎᆴ࠹ෘ֥ࠎԤbҕ`ॉ`໓`ང1`ӧࡅᠱ,`ݽ.ඣሧჷ࿐ۀં.Кࣘ:ᇏݓඣ০ඣԛϱഠ,`ఫ`খ,ӧകᆽ.ሱಖሧჷሧӁ߄ܵiiॖӻ࿃ؿᅚ֥མ࿊ᄴ.Кࣘ:ࣜ࠶ܵԛϱഠ,19963`ഫնफ,ඣࡎ࣮.Ѱൖު࣮۽ቔБۡ,,WangHao,andYinMingwan(ChinaInstituteofWaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch,Beijing100044)Abstract:Basingontheimplicationstudyofwaterresources,waterresourcesvalueandshadowprice,,waterresourcescanbeclassifiedintonaturalwaterresources,:waterresources;waterresourcesvalue;waterresourcesshadowprice.
