ꆪ48ꆪ쓏뾪뺭볃퇐뺿ꆤ믹놾뺭볃샭싛ꆤꆰ맑햼랴펦ꆱ뫍ꆰ붻뮻췾킲ꆱ:췾킲뗄뿉탅탔벰풭샭췘햹쓏뾪듳톧맺볊뺭볃퇐뺿쯹ꆡ붯뗮뒺ꆡꆡ튻ꆢꆰ맑햼랴펦ꆱ뫍ꆰ붻뮻췾킲ꆱ샭싛ꆪꆪ뺭퇩뷓춶,틔듋ퟷ캪놨뢴,췾킲죫쟖헟퓚쒸맺뗄쫐뎡럝쪵횤뷡맻짏뗄튻훖볙쮵뛮,췪돉췾킲뗄ꆰ붻뮻ꆱꆣ룱샗뛲쒷죏캪50쓪듺틔살70쓪듺,쓡뿋늩뿋()ꆢ룱얷훞뎧짌쿲쏀맺횱뷓춶벴쫇뛔쏀맺뎧짌쿲얷훞삩샗뛲쒷()뫍뢥싥뛻(.헅뗄믘펦,춨맽퓚쏀맺쫐뎡뗄째춸살놣뮤ퟔ벺퓚얷Flowers)뗈죋듓뛔췢춶탐튵뗄맑햼쳘뗣돶랢,틔훞쫐뎡짏뗄뗘캻ꆣꆰ붻뮻췾킲ꆱퟮ훸쏻뗄샽ퟓ쫇뫉삼맑춷횮볤ꆰ룺쯦뛔쫖탐뚯ꆱ뗄쳘쫢랴펦살뷢쫍햽뫳랢믊볒뿇없쪯폍릫쮾(Shell)퓚웤슢뛏뗄얷훞뫍풶뚫듯맺볒볤뎧짌뗄붻닦횱뷓춶탐캪,붨솢쇋훸쏻뗄쫐뎡퓚1910쓪퓢쏀맺뇪ힼ쪯폍릫쮾죫쟖뫳,폚ꆰ맑햼랴펦싛ꆱ뫍ꆰ붻뮻췾킲싛ꆱꆣ1913쓪떽1930쓪볤퓚쏀맺붨솢ퟔ벺뗄ퟓ릫쮾ꋚ퓚쓡뿋늩뿋(1973)죏캪,평폚맑햼탐튵훐쎿룶맑쿰붺ꆢ웻뎵ꆢ닊즫뗧쫓믺ꆢ맣룦뗈탐튵,맑춷뷸탐맺춷뚼퓚쫐뎡짏햼뻝뻙ퟣ쟡훘뗄뗘캻,쯼쏇뗄죎뫎탐볊쿠뮥춶붻뮻췾킲뗄횤뻝뮹폐탭뛠ꆣ뚯뚼믡펰쿬떽웤쯻맑춷뎧짌,틲듋쎿룶뎧짌뛔뛔랽평폚폐돤럖뗄뺭퇩쪵횤뷡맻펡횤,쓡뿋늩뿋뫍뗄탐뚯뚼뫜쏴룐;쿖쪵뮷뺳훐뗄늻좷뚨탔뫜룟,뛸뎧룱샗뛲쒷뗄샭싛놻죏캪쫇뛔햽뫳훁70쓪듺볤뗄횱짌뛔룷훖뢴퓓뗄늻좷뚨탔늻뿉쓜췪좫횪쿾,쯹틔뎧뷓춶ퟷ돶쇋뷏캪횱뷓뛸뫏샭뗄뷢쫍,듓뛸퓚쿖듺짌뗄훷튪쒿뗄쫇튪붵뗍뺭펪럧쿕ꆣ캪쇋캬돖ퟔ벺폫맺볊횱뷓춶샭싛훐햼폐훘튪뗄튻쾯ꆣ떫쫇,헢솽룶뺺헹뛔쫖퓚쫐뎡짏뗄쿠뛔뗘캻,뎧짌퓚돤싺늻좷뚨샭싛뷶횻쫇붨솢퓚뺭퇩쪵횤뷡맻횮짏뗄튻훖볙쮵,탔뗄뺭펪뮷뺳훐췹췹닉좡ꆰ룺쯦쇬춷헟ꆱ탐뚯,놣돖놾짭좱랦퇏룱뗄캢맛뺭볃샭싛믹뒡ꆣ쓡뿋늩뿋뗈죋폫뛔쫖춬늽뗄닟싔ꆣ떱탐튵훐쇬춷헟쿲맺췢횱뷓춶늢쎻폐뛔럀폹뎧짌뛔췢횱뷓춶뛔뺺헹뛔쫖뗄ꆰ췾쪱(헢훖뷸릥탔춶뿉폃캬얩뗄닺욷훜웚샭싛뷢킲ꆱ뗄뿉탅탔ퟷ맽첽뺿,듓뛸헢훖샭싛쫇럱폫떱뷱샭쫍),웤쯻맑춷튲뷴쯦웤뫳좥쿠춬뗄맺췢쫐뎡횱뷓춶싛뷧맣랺쳡뎫뗄ꆰퟓ늩?췪쏀뻹뫢ꆱ쮼쿫쿠죝횵뗃뮳ꆣ쓡뿋늩뿋뛔194521971쓪볤쏀맺웳튵뛔췢횱뷓틉;쇭췢,탭뛠톧헟횸돶,틔ꆰ맑햼랴펦ꆱ뫍ꆰ붻뮻춶뗄쪱볤뷸탐뗄춳볆퇐뺿뷡맻폫짏쫶에뛏쿠럻;췾킲ꆱ뗄싟벭컞램뷢쫍뗚튻볒좥맺췢춶붨뎧뗄뎧70쓪듺틔살죕놾뎧짌퓚쏀맺뫍얷훞웻뎵뫍볒뗧훆짌뗄탐캪,틲뛸헢훖샭싛튲뻍컞램돉캪튻훖췪헻뗄퓬튵뗄횱뷓춶튲뇭쿖돶쏷쿔뗄돉엺탔,듓뛸뛔ꆰ맑뛔췢횱뷓춶샭싛ꆣ춷랴펦싛ꆱ릹돉횧돖;뢥싥뛻(1976)뛔볓쓃듳뫍얷훞뎧짌뛔쏀횱뷓춶뗄퇐뺿뗃떽쇋쿠쯆뗄뷡싛;횱뛾ꆢ럀폹탔뛔췢횱뷓춶:췾킲뗄뿉탅탔떽ퟮ뷼,죔좻폐횧돖맑햼랴펦싛뗄뺭퇩쪵횤퇐쫂쪵짏,컞싛쫇쓡뿋늩뿋뗄맑햼랴펦싛뮹쫇룱뺿ꆣꋙ샗뛲쒷뗄붻뮻췾킲싛,뚼믹폚헢퇹튻룶싟벭:떱쒳룶룱샗뛲쒷(1975,1978)붫헢훖맺쓚쫐뎡맑춷랴맑춷뷸탐뛔췢횱뷓춶횮뫳,쯼뇣믱뗃쇋폐킧뗘럖펦뗄싟벭ퟷ쇋룼맣랺뗄펦폃:맑춷횮볤뗄랴펦늻뷶룴맺볊쫐뎡늢욾듋퓚쒳맺쫐뎡쓚뛔뺺헹뛔쫖뷸탐볛횻쿞폚맺쓚뎧짌,떱쒳룶맑춷쿲맺췢붨솢튻볒ퟓ릫룱뷸릥(폐쪱뮹쫇룮뫭쪽뗄싓뛡볛룱)뗄폅쫆;떥맺쮾쪱,뚫뗀맺룃탐튵뗄풭폐뎧짌횮볤뗄쫆솦뻹뫢놻뎧짌쏦뛔쪵퓚믲잱퓚뗄룼잿뗄뺺헹톹솦,헫뛔탔뗄듲웆,샻틦쫜떽쟖쪴,쯼쏇믡쿲헢볒ퟓ릫쮾뗄쒸맺횱뛔췢횱뷓춶쫇튻룶솼뫃뗄뛔뾹닟싔,틲캪폫쇬춷ꋙKumar(1984),YuandyuandIts(1988)ꋚ닎볻Bbedton,1957.' 1995-2003 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
1998쓪뗚2웚ꆪ49ꆪ헟릲뒦룷룶럖샫뗄맺볊쫐뎡뿉틔뛔뛔랽쪵쪩랴췾뎧짌톡퓱뗍볛PL뫳쫐뎡볛룱뇣쫇PL,퓲틒맺쫐뎡볛킲,듓뛸뿉틔뮺뷢ퟔ벺퓚맺쓚쫐뎡짏돐쫜뗄뺺헹잿룱쮮욽붫캪PL,뎧짌1뫍2럖뇰믱샻죳ΠL1뫍ΠL2,뎧뛈ꆣ짌2틲뷏잿뗄뺺헹쫜떽쇋쯰쪧(ΠL2<ΠH2)ꆣ죧맻튻룶뿧맺릫쮾퓚쒳맺쫐뎡쓚뗄뛌웚쿷볛쯰쿖퓚볙짨뎧짌2튲퓚볗맺폐ퟓ릫쮾,볗맺쫐뎡쪧늻뎬맽쟽훰뛔쫖횮뫳뗄뎤웚샻틦,쯼뇣뿉틔뷶퓚쓚뗄뺺헹튲춬틒맺튻퇹ꆪꆪ듦퓚솽훖뿉쓜뗄뺺헹ힴ룃맺쫐뎡쓚붫볛룱붵훁쫊떱쮮욽,춬쪱놣돖ퟔ벺퓚첬:볛룱쮮욽Ph뫍Pl,0<Pl<Phꆣ솽뎧짌퓚틒맺뗄웤쯻쫐뎡뗄뺺헹탐캪늻뇤,믱뗃퓚룃맺룼듳뗄쫐뎡횧뢶뻘헳죔춬뇭1,퓚볗맺쫐뎡뗄횧뢶뻘헳죧뇭2ꆣ쫆솦(럖룴쫐뎡훐뻖늿싓뛡탔뚨볛뗄듺볛뷏뗍);떱뇭1뎧짌1뫍2뗄횧뢶뻘헳(틒맺쫐뎡)뿧맺릫쮾퓚쒳맺뗄ퟓ릫쮾늻쓜퓚싓뛡볛룱뫳믱뗃ퟣ볛룱쮮욽뎧짌1샻죳뎧짌2샻죳틔뗖늹웤뛌웚쯰쪧뗄뛮췢샻죳,떫쯼퓚뻖늿쫐뎡짏PLΠL1ΠL2뗄뗍볛뺺헹폐훺폚붨솢튻룶잿펲뗄쫐뎡탎쿳,쯼죔PHΠH1ΠH2폐퓚룃맺쫐뎡쓚뷸탐싓뛡탔뚨볛틔믱좡릫쮾좫쟲샻틦뗄뿉쓜(용죧폐뿧쫐뎡뗄짹폾킧펦)ꆣ벴쪹늻쫇쪹뇭2뎧짌1뫍2뗄횧뢶뻘헳(볗맺쫐뎡)폃벫뛋뗄싓뛡탔뚨볛,뿧맺릫쮾캪헹뛡룼듳뗄쫐뎡볛룱쮮욽뎧짌1샻죳뎧짌2샻죳럝뛮뛸ퟷ돶뗄쫊뛈볛룱복죃튲쪹떱뗘뎧짌쏉쫜쯰P1Π11Π12쪧ꆣPhΠh1Πh2죧맻헢룶뿧맺릫쮾폫춬튻뺺헹뛔쫖퓚벸룶맺볒뗄쫐뎡쓚뺺헹,쟩뿶믡퓵퇹쓘볙짨Πh1>Πl1,벴뎧짌1퓚볗맺쫐뎡짏룼쾣췻듓?맑햼랴펦싛뫍붻뮻췾킲싛룸돶뗄횱맛듰낸쫇:뿧맺릫쮾몦엂퓚웤쯻쫐뎡룟뚨볛ꆣ붻뮻췾킲싛뗄싟벭뛏퇔듋쪱뎧짌2뇣뿉틔쓚놻뛔쫖놨뢴,듓뛸믡럅웺퓚쒿뇪쫐뎡쓚뗄뷸릥믺틔볗맺쫐뎡캪튪킮,놣횤ퟔ벺퓚틒맺쫐뎡늻쫜볛룱믡ꆣ뛔쫖퓚튻룶쫐뎡쓚뗄ퟓ릫쮾(믲쒸릫쮾)뛔웤퓚뷸릥:뎧짌1쯤좻퓚틒맺쫐뎡짏폐뚨볛PL뗄뚯믺,쇭튻룶쫐뎡짏뗄샻틦쓜웰떽놣뮤ퟷ폃,쫇뛔뿧맺릫떫쯼퓚볗맺쫐뎡짏퓚뷏룟뗄볛룱쿂룼폐샻뿉춼,헢쮾뻖늿싓뛡탔뚨볛닟싔뗄튻룶췾킲ꆣ퇹뎧짌2뇣뿉틔헢퇹랢돶췾킲:죧맻쓣퓚틒맺쫐뎡떫쫇뚨볛PL쯰몦컒뗄샻틦(ΠL2<ΠH),컒뇣퓚볗맺쫐뎡뚨,ퟐ쾸뾼달짏쏦뗄싟벭,컒쏇랢쿖쟩뿶늢늻쓇퇹볲떥kꆪ헢룶췾킲폐쪱뫲쫇늻뿉탅뗄볛Pl쯰몦쓣뗄샻틦ꆣ죴뎧짌1늻풸퓚볗맺쫐뎡쫜쯰,,듓뛸튲웰늻쇋놣뮤ퟔ벺뗄쫐뎡늻쫜뿧맺릫쮾릥믷뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ쯼뇣믡퓚틒맺쫐뎡내뎧짌2뗄틢풸뚨볛,뷡맻솽맺튲뻍쫇쮵,횻폐퓚튻뚨뗄쳵볾쿂,ꆰ룺뷸ꆱ쪽뗄뛔췢쫐뎡쓚뗄볛룱뚼붫뚨퓚뷏룟쮮욽ꆣ내뾨즭(횱뷓춶닅쫇ퟓ늩?췪쏀뻹뫢닟싔ꆣson)뗄뮰살쮵,ꆰ쎿룶뎧짌뚼쓜럱뻶뛔랽퓚튻룶쫐뎡뾼싇솽룶맺볒볗뫍틒뗄쒳닺욷쫐뎡럖뇰폐튻볒쳴웰볛룱햽뛸춬쪱퓚쇭튻쫐뎡쓚(폫ퟔ벺)뒮쒱뚨릫쮾볛뗄톡퓱ꆣ듓뛸,튻룶퓚ퟔ평톡퓱쳵볾쿂믡퓚튻룶쫐1뫍2,볙짨솽맺볤늻듦퓚쎳틗ꋙꆣ퓚쒳룶쪱뗣뎧짌1쿲틒맺횱뷓춶,붨솢쇋튻볒ퟓ릫쮾,폫뎧짌뎡쳴웰볛룱햽뛸퓚쇭튻쫐뎡쓚놣돖뒮쒱볛룱뗄뎧짌,(퓚뛔랽췾킲쿂)뿉쓜믡퓚솽룶쫐뎡쓚춬쪱놣돖2퓚틒맺쫐뎡쓚뺺헹ꆣ퓚볗맺쫐뎡짏,뎧짌믱슢뛏샻죳;퓚틒맺쫐뎡짏,볙짨솽뎧짌뿉틔톡퓱솽훖볛룱뒮쒱볛룱,틲캪쯼돽듋틔췢캨튻뗄톡퓱쫇춬쪱퓚솽:룶쫐뎡쓚뷸탐볛룱햽ꆣꆱꋛ죃컒쏇ퟐ쾸살럖컶헢샯췾PL뫍PH,0<PL<PHꋚ,떱솽룶뎧짌뻹톡퓱뷏룟뗄PH쪱,쫐뎡볛룱벴캪PH,헢뇭쪾죵뺺헹ힴ첬;튻떩폐킲뗄뿉탅탔ꆣ튻룶뎧짌톡퓱PL,퓲쇭튻룶뎧짌쎻폐톡퓱폠뗘1.죧맻Πh2>Πl2,뾼싇뎧짌1퓚틒맺쫐뎡틔뷏뗍,횻폐룺쯦틔PL뚨볛,헢뇭쪾잿뺺헹ힴ첬ꆣ퓚솽훖뺺헹뗄PL뚨볛,뺺헹뎧짌2퓚헢훖뷏듳뗄뺺헹톹솦쿂믡ힴ첬쿂퓚볗맺쫐뎡ퟷ돶쪲쎴랴펦ꆣ평폚Πh2>Πl2,뎧짌2퓚볗,쮫랽뗄횧뢶뻘헳죧뇭1ꆣ볙짨ΠL맺쫐뎡룟볛룱ힴ첬쿂룼폐샻뿉춼,튻룶샭훇뗄뺭샭1>ΠH1,ΠL2<ΠH2,퓲퓚틒맺쫐뎡쓚뎧짌1룼풸틢듓뗍뚨볛,뎧짌2퓲쾣췻뷏룟뗄뚨볛ꆣ평폚죎튻퓚뎧짌2캻훃짏,뺡맜쯻횪뗀Pl뿉틔놨뢴뛔랽퓚ퟔꋙ떱닺욷쎳틗쫇뿉탐뗄쪱뫲,횻튪듦퓚맺볊퓋럑폃믲맘쮰,뫳쏦뗄뷡싛뇣늻쫜펰쿬,틲캪듋쪱돶뿚쎳틗뛔맺췢쫐뎡뗄째춸ퟷ폃늻죧뛔췢횱뷓춶잿ꆣꋚ뿉틔붫PL뫍PH럖뇰뷢쫍돉싓뛡탔뚨볛뫍뒮쒱탐튵샻죳ퟮ듳뮯볛룱,떫뷶폃튻룟튻뗍솽훖볛룱쮮욽PH뫍PL룼뻟튻냣탔ꆣꋛ햪ퟔCasson(1987)뗚66튳ꆣ' 1995-2003 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
ꆪ50ꆪ쓏뾪뺭볃퇐뺿벺쒸맺쫐뎡쓚뗄뷸릥탐캪(틲캪Πl1<Πh1),ퟮ폅뗄랴볛뺺헹뗄쓮춷ꆣ퓙살뾴뎧짌2:쯤좻쯼퓚놾맺쫐뎡뷏펦좴쫇퓚볗맺볌탸틔뫏ퟷ뗄첬뛈뷓쫜뎧짌1뚨볛욽뫍뗄뺺헹훐믡폐뷏룟뗄쫕틦,떫쯼랢쿖ퟔ벺퓚볗Ph뗄쳡틩,믱좡뷏룟뗄샻죳Πh2ꆣ쟥돾쇋헢뗣,뎧짌맺춶짺닺뫳,퓚쓇샯닉폃뷏벤뷸뗄뺺헹첬뛈폐룼1믡늻맋뛔쫖뗄췾킲,쪵쪩쯼퓚틒맺쫐뎡뷸탐볛룱룟뗄ퟜ쳥샻틦ꆣ듓뛸,쯼믡퓚틒맺쫐뎡짏훷뚯틔뗍볛햽(PL)뗄볆뮮,뎧짌2퓚뛔랽쒸맺쓚횱뷓춶뛔컈뺺헹;춬쪱,평폚ΠL1>ΠH1,뎧짌1튲믡훷뚯퓚틒맺뚨ퟔ벺퓚(틒맺)맺쓚쫐뎡뗄뺺헹뗘캻뫁컞냯훺ꆣ뮻쫐뎡짏쳴웰볛룱햽ꆣ횵뗃힢틢뗄쫇,헢샯뎧짌2뗄뛔뻤뮰쮵,평폚뎧짌2뛔뎧짌1뗄췾킲쫇늻뿉탅뗄,듓췢횱뷓춶튲늻쫇튻훖ꆰ췾킲ꆱꆪꆪ헦헽뗄ꆰ췾킲ꆱ뛸솽룶쫐뎡뚼틔뷏룟쮮욽(PH믲Ph)뚨볛늢늻쫇ퟓ횻쫇튻냑늻돶쟊뗄붣,뛸늻쯆헢샯,헢냑붣틑뺭쿲뛔늩?췪쏀뻹뫢ꆣ랽춷짏뾳좥ꆣ뾨즭(1987)죏캪짏쫶뎧짌2퓚볗맺쫐뎡놨뢴(3)ΠL1+Πl1ꇜΠH1+Πh1,쟒ΠL2+Πl2ꇜΠH2+Πh2ꆣ뎧짌1뗄췾킲쫇뿉탅뗄,쯻뗄샭평쫇뎧짌2뮹탨뾼헢쪱뎧짌1뫍뎧짌2퓚볗ꆢ틒솽맺쫐뎡뗄첬쫆싇ퟔ벺뗄짹폾ꆣ튻떩탻늼쇋ퟔ벺퓚틒맺쫐뎡쫜쟖쟩쫇췪좫뛔돆뗄:튻랽쏦,죎튻뎧짌뻹뿉퓚폫뛔랽릲뒦뿶쿂붫퓚볗맺쫐뎡놨뢴뛔랽,쓇쎴떱뛔랽맻좻퓚틒뗄쫐뎡쓚쳴웰볛룱햽쪹뛔랽쫜쯰,룼훘튪뗄쫇헢훖맺쫐뎡쓚듓뗍뚨볛쪱,뎧짌2죴늻퓚볗맺쫐뎡쓚뛒탐뚯쪹뎧짌ퟔ벺쫜틦;쇭튻랽쏦죎뫎튻랽뚼퓚ퟔ벺쿖ퟔ벺뗄억퇔붫쏉쫜잱퓚뗄쯰쪧ꆪꆪ뇰뗄뺺헹뛔쫖쒸맺쫐뎡쓚쾣췻뗃떽뷏룟볛룱뗄샻틦ꆣ뛸쟒,퓚횻폐믡죏캪쯼횻믡쮵뿕뮰,쯹틔쯼쏇퓚폫뎧짌2붫살뗄폚솽룶쫐뎡춬쪱뚨룟볛믲뗍볛뗄톡퓱쪱,솽룶뎧짌뺺헹훐,붫늻맋뎧짌2뛔쯼쏇뗄췾킲(튲탭튻킩췾뚼늻풸틢좫쏦뗄볛룱?즱,듓뛸췾킲쫇뿉탅뗄ꆣ헢쪱킲좷쫇뿉탅뗄),룸뎧짌2듸살룼뛠뗄쯰쪧ꆣ캪쇋놣컒쏇좷쪵뾴떽쇋뎧짌볤ꆰ췾킲ꆱ뗄ꆰ붻뮻ꆱ:평폚쓜뮤ퟔ벺폐볛횵뗄짹폾,뎧짌2퓚뇘튪쪱뫲붫믡쪵쪩췾킲뛔쫖,춬쪱튲쫜훆폚뛔쫖,쮫랽뇣뿉쓜뮥쿠듯돉뛔뎧짌1뗄놨뢴,쓄엂헢퇹ퟶ탨튪뷏룟뗄듺볛ꆣ뾨즭튻훖쒬웵,쿠뮥쇂뷢ꆣ횻튪뛔랽늻퓚ퟔ벺뗄쒸맺쫐뎡뗄싛뻝폐튻뚨뗄뗀샭,틅몶뗄쫇헢훖ꆰ짹폾ꆱ뗄뾼싇쓚붵볛,ퟔ벺튲퓚뛔랽쫐뎡쓚놣돖뿋훆,솽룶쫐뎡뻹쎻쓜뷸죫쒣탍폨틔헽쪽뗄쳖싛ꆣ죧맻뎧짌2뮹퓚웤틔뷏룟볛룱뚨볛쫇ퟓ늩?췪쏀뻹뫢ꆣ쯻쫐뎡짏폫웤쯻쇭췢뗄뛔쫖뺺헹,쫊틋뗄ퟷ램쫇붫틔짏뗄럖컶뚼쫇퓚탅쾢췪놸믹뒡짏뷸탐뗄ꆣ컒헢킩뺺헹뛔쫖튲쓉죫쒣탍,뛸늻쫇뷶붫쯼쏇ퟷ캪췢쏇뗄뷡싛쫇:퓚탅쾢췪놸쟩탎,뛔췢횱뷓춶쓜뛔뺺짺뗄ꆢ뿉탎돉췾킲뿉탅탔뗄싫ꆣ쯤좻뾨즭뺯룦쮵쯻헹뛔쫖(벴헢샯뗄뎧짌1)탎돉폐킧췾킲,쪹춶뎧뗄싛뻝늻쓜췆맣떽ꆰ죎뫎ퟷ돶뗄췾킲뻹쫇뿉탅뗄ꆱ헢짌2퓚맺쓚쫐뎡짏쏢쫜볛룱햽횮몦뗄쳵볾쫇:튻벫뛋뷡싛,떫평폚췢짺뗄짹폾볛횵컞램뫢솿,헢뻍Πh1>Πl1(1)쪹ퟓ늩?췪쏀벯쒣뫽ꆣ떫Πh2<Πl2(2)2.Πh2<Πl2,벴뎧짌2퓚볗맺쫐뎡룼쾲뮶뗍볛룱ꆣ쟒ΠLi+ΠliꇜΠHi+Πhiꆡ(i=1,2)(3)헢쪱폖럖벸훖쟩뿶ꆣ헢룶쳵볾돵뾴웰살쫇뷏캪뿁뿌뗄,ꆡ(1)ꆫ(1)ΠL1+Πl1>ΠH1+Πh1ꆣ벴쫇쮵,쯤좻뎧짌1퓚볗(3)훐죎튻쳵늻싺ퟣ,쓡뿋늩뿋-룱샗뛲쒷쪽뗄뛔췢맺쫐뎡짏쾣췻폐튻룶뷏뿭쯉뗄뺺헹뮷뺳,떫쯼늻믡횱뷓춶럀폹커웷벴룦쪧킧ꆣ듓쿖쪵쟩뿶에뛏,쯤좻캪쇋믱좡헢룶뷏뿭쯉뺺헹뮷뺳쿂뗄뛮췢샻틦ΠH1-뎧짌늻쪱믡랢쿖퓚쒳룶뻖늿쫐뎡쳴웰뷸릥햽폐샻폚ΠL1뛸퓚쇭튻룶쫐뎡(틒맺쫐뎡)죌웸췌짹,틲캪쯼퓚룄뷸ퟓ릫쮾퓚쓇샯뗄뺺헹뗘캻,떫튻냣쮵살,퓚쫀뷧틒맺쫐뎡짏죌쓍(틔Ph뚨볛)뗄돉놾Πl1-Πh1뷏듳ꆣ랶캧쓚,뷏뿭쯉뗄뺺헹뮷뺳췹췹룼폐샻폚뿧맺릫쮾퓚헢훖쟩뿶쿂,뎧짌2쿲볗맺횱뷓춶뫳,컞싛쯼퓚믱좡룼룟뗄ퟜ쳥샻틦ꆣ쯹틔,튻냣쟩뿶쿂컒쏇뿉틔붫솽룶쫐뎡짏뗄볛룱욫뫃죧뫎,ퟜ쫇컞램ퟨ횹뛔랽퓚쳵볾(3)쫓캪쫇ퟔ좻싺ퟣ뗄ꆣ헢퇹,ꆰ붻뮻췾킲ꆱ쫇ퟔ벺뗄쒸맺쫐뎡(틒맺쫐뎡)짏뚨볛PLꆣ럱뗃틔돉솢뗄맘볼뇣쫇뾴쳵볾(1)뫍(2)쫇럱싺ퟣꆣ(2)ΠL1+Πl1ꇜΠH1+Πh1,쟒>ΠL2+Πl2>ΠH2+Πh2ꆣ퓚듦퓚늻좷뚨탔뗄쟩뿶쿂,쿲뛔랽쒸맺쫐뎡쓚뛔뎧짌1살쮵,ퟮ샭쿫뗄쫇볗맺쫐뎡룟볛뺺헹횱뷓춶뿉틔퓚뇈짏쫶쳵볾룼뿭뗄랶캧쓚놣뮤ퟔ벺뫍틒맺쫐뎡짏뗍볛뺺헹;떫쫇,죧맻횻폐솽룶쫐뎡춬퓚맺쓚쫐뎡뗄샻틦ꆣ짨쿫뎧짌1퓚틒맺붨솢ퟓ릫쮾쪱뚨룟볛믲뗍볛뗄톡퓱,쯼뇣샖폚퓚솽룶쫐뎡쓚춬뫳,평폚뛔뛔랽뗄돉놾늻쪮럖쟥돾,뎧짌1뿉쓜맀볆쪱뚨룟볛ꆣ쯹틔,뇘튪쪱쯼믡뿋훆ퟔ벺퓚틒맺쫐뎡뗍ΠL1>ΠH1뗄룅싊캪P,0<P<1ꆣ죧맻뎧짌2퓚뎧짌1' 1995-2003 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
1998쓪뗚2웚ꆪ51ꆪ뗄쒸맺쫐뎡쓚쎻폐ퟓ릫쮾뗄짺닺ퟷ췾킲,쓇쎴쯼퓢쪩뿉탅뗄췾킲,듓뛸폐킧뗘퓚맺쓚쫐뎡짏놣뮤ퟔ벺ꆣ쫜뎧짌1뗍볛룱릥믷뗄룅싊벴캪Pꆣ쿖퓚뾼싇뎧짌1헢샯,뗚튻볒뛔췢횱뷓춶뗄뎧짌뗄탐캪벴캪럀폹퓚틒맺짨ퟓ릫쮾뫳,뎧짌2쯦벴튲좥볗맺춶짺닺ꆣ탔뗄,웤믺샭폫잰쏦쯹쫶뗄튻퇹ꆣ횻늻맽,뺺헹톹솦춬퇹틲캪탅쾢늻췪놸틲쯘,볙짨뎧짌1맀볆퓚볗맺늻쫇살ퟔ웤쯻뎧짌뗄뛔췢횱뷓춶탐캪,뛸쫇살ퟔ쫐뎡짏Πl1<Πh1,쟒Πl2>Πh2뗄룅싊캪Pꇤ,0<Pꇤ<1ꆣ죝뛔쫖뎧짌뷏듳뗄돶뿚쫐뎡ꆣ틗퇩횤,뎧짌1퓚틒맺쫐뎡뛔뎧짌2뷸탐뗍볛룱릥믷뗄룅싊뇤캪P(1ꆪPꇤ),킡폚늻쫜췾킲쪱뗄룅싊Pꆣ죽ꆢ맺쓚쫐뎡솦솿횧돖쿂뗄뛔췢횱뷓춶ꆪꆪ컒쏇짏쏦뗄쳖싛뚼쫇퓚늻듦퓚맺볊쎳틗쳵볾쿂튻훖뷸릥쫖뛎뷸탐뗄ꆣ퓚튻룶듦퓚쎳틗뗄쫀뷧,평폚돶뿚뎧짌퓚맺짏튻뷚쮵쏷쇋튻뚨쳵볾쿂뛔췢횱뷓춶뿉틔놣췢쫐뎡뗄뇟볊돉놾룟폚뿧맺릫쮾ퟓ릫쮾럾컱떱뗘쫐뮤뎧짌퓚맺쓚쫐뎡뗄뺺헹뗘캻,헢훖뛔췢횱뷓춶뎡뗄뇟볊돉놾ꋙ,돶뿚뎧짌튪퓚맺췢쫐뎡쪹폃볛룱쫇럀폹탔춶ꆣ떱쳵볾룄뇤쪱,뎧짌뛔췢횱뷓춶뗄쫖뛎놨뢴뛔쫖퓚맺쓚뗄맽벤뺺헹탐캪,쿠뇈횮쿂튪뚯믺뿉쓜믡췪좫늻춬ꆣ뢶돶뷏룟뗄듺볛ꆣ평폚뷏룟뗄뇟볊돉놾,룼뛠뗄쪱믘틤짏튻뷚뗄돶랢뗣쫇쳵볾ΠL1>ΠH1,ΠL2<ΠH2ꆣ헢뫲,튻룶쿲볗맺쫐뎡돶뿚뗄뎧짌믡뒦폚Πh2>Πl2뗄뺳룶볙짨뗄쿖쪵룹뻝쫇,뎧짌2퓚틒맺쫐뎡짏럝뛮뫜뗘ꆣ쯹틔,틔돶뿚닺욷붵볛살놨뢴뛔쫖뗄췾킲췹췹닔듳,퓚볛룱햽훐췹췹믡쏉쫜룼듳뗄쯰쪧,뛸뎧짌1냗컞솦(췾킲늻뿉탅)ꆣ춨맽뛔췢횱뷓춶,럀폹뎧탂뷸죫틒맺쫐뎡,쫐뎡럝뛮뷏킡,쯰쪧믡뷏킡;쇭췢,짌퓚맺췢춶죫돁쎻돉놾,틔듋붵뗍럾컱폚맺췢쫐뎡죴쓜붫뛔랽룏돶쫐뎡,뎧짌1쓜믱뗃룼뛠뗄뛮췢샻뗄뇟볊돉놾,뇣폐뫜듳뗄믺믡룄뇤웤뒦뺳,쪹Πh2<틦ꆣ퓚쿖쪵훐,폐쒸릫쮾믲웤쯻ퟓ릫쮾ퟷ뫳뛜,뿧맺Πl2,헢뻍퓶볓쇋뎧짌퓚맺췢쫐뎡뷸탐볛룱햽헢룶췾릫쮾쯹짨솢뗄튻룶ퟓ릫쮾튻뾪쪼뇣닉좡뷏캪벤뷸뗄킲뗄뿉탅탔ꆣ뷸릥닟싔틔춼톸쯙삩듳떱뗘쫐뎡럝뛮뗄샽ퟓ쫇싅볻폐틢쮼뗄쫇,퓊탭쎳틗듦퓚쪱,튻룶돶뿚햼닺솿늻쿊뗄ꆣ뷏룟뇈훘뗄맺쓚뎧짌늻폃뛔췢횱뷓춶뇣뿉틔폐킧좻뛸쟩뿶튲탭믡랴맽살ꆣ듳솿맘폚탐튵뷸죫뇚뗘퓚맺쓚쫐뎡틔볛룱햽쿷죵뺺헹뛔쫖ꆣ헢훖뾼싇쪹생뗄샭싛뫍뺭퇩쪵횤퇐뺿뷡맻뇭쏷,탐튵쓚풭폐뎧컒쏇뿉틔뷢뻶맑햼랴펦싛뎤웚틔살뗄튻룶쓑쳢ꆪꆪ짌폫잱퓚뺺헹뎧짌쿠뇈뎣뻟폐죴룉뺺헹폅쫆ꆣꋚ쯤쯼늻쓜뷢쫍뗚튻볒뛔췢횱뷓춶뎧짌뗄탐캪ꆣ죧맻좻뿧맺릫쮾폫떱뗘잱퓚뎧짌늻쓜춬죕뛸폯,쯼뿉틐맺쓚쒳탐튵튻볒맑춷뗄돶뿚퓚웤닺솿훐뗄뇈훘뷏헌탛뫱뗄닆솦ꆢ쿈뷸뗄짺닺벼쫵ꆢ폅탣뗄맜샭ꆢ펪쿺듳,뛸웤쯻뎧짌뗄돶뿚뇈훘쿠뛔뷏킡,퓲잰헟뿉틔퓚벼쓜춻웆뚫뗀맺뗄탐튵뷸죫뇚생ꆣ떫쫇,놾뗘뎧짌쯹맺쓚뷸탐쿷볛뺺헹,춬쪱틔쯼뷏럡뫱뗄맺췢샻죳늹쳘폐뗄튻킩폅쫆좴늻쫇췢맺릫쮾뿉틔퓚뛌쪱웚쓚뿉쳹퓚맺쓚쫐뎡짏뛌웚볛룱햽훐뗄쯰쪧ꆣ죧맻헢룶맑틔뿋럾뗄ꆣ퓚늻짙쪱뫲,뿧맺릫쮾뿉쓜믡튻쪱쓑틔붫춷뗄쒳룶뛔쫖룐떽헢훖잱퓚췾킲ퟣ릻듳,쯼뇣뿉쓜탂벼쫵뫍탂벼쓜틆훁뚫뗀맺,믲헟쫇틲캪떱뗘욫퓚뛔랽뗄훷튪맺췢쫐뎡쓚횱뷓춶,퓬돉튻훖폐킧뫃폫쒸맺늻춬,틔벰벼쫵ꆢ맜샭죋풱엠통뗄쪱퇓뗈풭뗄럀폹룱뻖ꆪꆪ죧맻쓣퓚맺쓚쫐뎡쿷볛뺺헹,늢웚틲,틆맽살뗄벼쫵뗈퓋탐킧맻닮잿죋틢ꆪꆪ튻뻤췻틔맺췢샻죳ퟷ뇘튪뗄늹쳹뗄뮰,컒뇣퓚쓣뗄맺췢뮰,ퟓ릫쮾솢ퟣ캴컈,뎣뎣퓚떱뗘쫐뎡뒦폚뺺헹쇓훷튪쫐뎡튲쳴웰볛룱햽,쟐뛏쓣뗄늹쳹살풴,늢쪹쓣쫆,탨튪퓚뷏뿭쯉뗄뺺헹뮷뺳쓚훰붥쫊펦,ퟮ훕돉쫬퓚뷏맣뗄랶캧쓚쏉쫜쯰쪧ꆣ떱좻,헢훖췾킲늻튻뚨쫇ힳ듳뫳랽뿉폫떱뗘뎧짌뾹뫢ꆣꋛ뿉탅뗄,떫컒쏇잰쏦뗄쳖싛틑횤쏷,퓚튻뚨뗄쳵볾뾼싇떽헢킩틲쯘,컒쏇뿉틔ퟷ튻룶폫짏뷚쿠랴,쿂,뎧짌퓚뛔랽쫐뎡쓚횱뷓춶좷쪵쓜릻뛔뛔쫖쪵떫춬퇹뻟폐튻뚨웕뇩탔뗄볙짨:ΠL1<ΠH1,ΠL2>ΠH2ꆪꆪꋙ맘폚뎧짌틔닺욷돶욷믲뛔췢횱뷓춶럾컱폚쒳맺췢쫐뎡뗄뇟볊돉놾뇈뷏,닎볻붯뗮뒺(1997)뗚튻헂ꆣꋚ쳖싛탐튵뷸죫뇚생뺭볃믺샭뗄컄쿗뛠살ퟔ탂닺튵ퟩ횯샭싛톧헟,죧Dixit(1979)뫍Demsetz(1982)뗈;뛸Bain(1956)뗈뒫춳닺튵ퟩ횯샭싛톧헟퓲뛔듋쳡릩쇋럡뢻뗄뺭퇩쪵횤닄쇏ꆣꋛ뿧맺릫쮾쾣췻퓚뷸죫뚫뗀맺뗄돵쪼뷗뛎폐튻룶뷏뿭쯉뗄뮷뺳,튲뿉쓜늢늻쫇돶폚뛌웚뗄뺭볃풭틲,뛸쫇쾣췻튻뾪쪼룸뚫뗀헾뢮뫍웳튵쇴튻맦뻘뗄탎쿳ꆣ튻킩췢맺릫쮾쯤좻놾짭늢늻믡퓚퓢폶룟잿뛈뺺헹쪱쯰쪧쪲쎴,떫쯼퓚헢훖뺺헹톹솦쿂쪩폃뗄랴믷쫖뛎튲탭믡쪹쯼쿔뗃??뇆죋,뛸헢뿉쓜믡폐쯰쯼퓚뚫뗀맺뗄뎤풶샻틦ꆣ' 1995-2003 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
ꆪ52ꆪ쓏뾪뺭볃퇐뺿죴뎧짌1퓚틒맺탂짨솢튻룶ퟓ릫쮾,퓚틒맺쫐뎡짏,쟸캻틲쯘믲쓚늿뮯뚯믺,헢킩틲쯘쪹뗃Πh2>0돉캪룃ퟓ릫쮾쾣췻믱뗃튻룶뷏뿭쯉뗄뺺헹뮷뺳(ΠL1<뿉쓜ꆣ떫쫇,쫇뎧짌1퓚틒맺쫐뎡뗄삩헅탐캪캪뎧ΠH1),뛸뎧짌2퓲뿉틔뛔헢룶췢맺뎧짌뗄쟖랸탐캪잿짌2쪵쿖헢킩틲쯘뗄샻틦듸살쇋믺믡,쫇폕랢뎧짌펲뗘믘믷,늢듓훐믱샻(믲붵뗍쯰쪧):ΠL2>ΠH2;믹2쪵쿖몣췢삩헅뗄횱뷓떼틲ꆣ쮫랽뗄뿭죝떼훂쇋뮥폚춬퇹뗄샭평,죴뎧짌2퓚볗맺횱뷓춶,퓚뛌웚쓚믝뗄붻닦춶ꆣ튲쏦쇙쿠쯆뗄뺺헹쇓쫆:Πl2<Πh2,Πl1>Πh1ꆣ떱볗ꆢ틒솽맺쓚풭살폐뛠룶뎧짌쪱,틔짏볲떥뗄캪쇋볲뮯탰쫶,컒쏇뷸튻늽볙짨Πl2<0<Πh2ꆣ뎧싟벭믡풤쪾튻킩쓡뿋늩뿋뗈죋틑뺭맛달떽뗄뷡맻,짌2폐쿲볗맺횱뷓춶뗄뚯믺:횻튪볗맺풭폐웳튵떫헢샯뗄뷢쫍쫇좫탂뗄ꆣ뾼싇퓚쒣탍훐틒맺쓚볓튻(뎧짌1)쓜틔뷏뿭죝뗄첬뛈듽횮(벴뚨볛Ph),퓲뎧룶뎧짌3:죧맻쯼뗄쫐뎡뺺헹쓜솦폫뎧짌2쿠럂,폐짌2뿉듓춶훐믱헽샻죳Πh2;떫쫇,죴뛔랽쿷볛뺺ΠL3>ΠH3,Πl3<Πh3,쓇쎴쯼퓚맺쓚뗄쫐뎡쫆솦뛔뎧짌1헹,뎧짌2뗄춶믡듸살쯰쪧ꆣퟓ릫쮾뗄췾킲춬퇹뿉쓜믡듙쪹쯼퓚볗맺횱뷓춶,쿈뾼달뎧짌1뫍2뻹횻퓚룷ퟔ뗄맺볒쓚짺닺뗄샭평폫뎧짌2뗄튻퇹;죧맻뎧짌3퓚틒맺쫐뎡짏횻쟩뿶ꆣ쯤좻뾴떽쇋퓚볗맺횱뷓춶뗄믺믡,뎧짌2뮹쫇튻룶뷏킡뗄릫쮾,뺭쫜벤쇒뺺헹뗄쓜솦늻쫇뫜잿,뗃ퟐ쾸뾼싇뎧짌1뛔쯼뷸죫뗄랴펦ꆣ죧맻뎧짌1뷏ΠL3<ΠH3,Πl3<Πhꋙ3;죔볙짨퓚뎧짌1뷸죫뗄쳵볾쿂뎧캪뫏ퟷ,퓚뎧짌2뷸죫뫳틔뷏룟뗄볛룱Ph뚨볛,뎧짌2퓚룷훖뺺헹ힴ첬쿂뗄샻죳맘쾵캪:ΠL2>ΠH,Πl2<짌2뗄뷸죫뇣쫇횵뗃뗄,틲캪Πh2>0ꆣ떫쫇평볙짨Πh1Πh2ꆣ평짏쏦쳖싛,뎧짌1뷸죫볗맺쫐뎡쪱뎧짌2뛔쯼<Πl1,죧맻뎧짌2퓚볗맺붨솢ퟓ릫쮾,뎧짌1뗄ퟮ폅폐뿉탅뗄췾킲,늢뿉쓜샻폃듋췾킲쿲볗맺삩헅쫆솦;랴펦쫇붵뗍볛룱훁Pl,헢퇹뎧짌2횻믡쏉쫜쯰쪧(Πh2뎧짌3좴컞램뛔뎧짌1탎돉췾킲,틲캪ΠL3<ΠH3,웤<0),쯹틔,뎧짌2늻믡쿲볗맺횱뷓춶ꆣ췾킲쫇늻뿉탅뗄ꆣ벴뇣죧듋,떱뎧짌2좥볗맺횱뷓춶쿖퓚볙짨뎧짌1싊쿈퓚틒맺붨솢쇋쯼뗄ퟓ릫횮뫳,뎧짌3쯦뫳쿲볗맺횱뷓춶튲쫇낲좫뗄ꆣ풭쮾,웤풭틲뿉쓜쫇쯼풤닢틒맺쫐뎡탨쟳퓚캴살믡폐틲뫜볲떥:뎧짌2뗄쫐뎡쫆솦(퓚틒맺쫐뎡쓚뗄췾뷏뿬뗄퓶뎤,믲헟쫜캬얩ꆰ닺욷훜웚ꆱ샭싛훐뚯첬뗄킲)뮻살볗맺쫐뎡쓚뷏샭쿫뗄볛룱뺺헹뮷뺳,뎧짌3벼쫵틲쯘뗄쟽뚯ꆣ평폚ΠL1<ΠH1,ΠH2<ΠL2,쏦뛔뎧짌1뿉틔ퟷ캪ꆰ쏢럑듮돋헟ꆱ(Free-rider)쿭쫜헢훖폚퓚ퟔ벺쫐뎡쓚뗄뛔췢횱뷓춶,뎧짌2뿉틔붵뗍볛벺폐샻뗄뺺헹뮷뺳ꆣ쯤좻뎧짌3뛔뎧짌1늻릹돉뿉룱,솦쟳쿷죵뛔랽ꆣ떫쫇,쯼뮹폐쇭췢튻훖톡퓱:샻탅뗄췾킲,떫뎧짌1늻쓜뛔뎧짌3뗄죫쟖믘틔붵볛폃ퟔ벺퓚틒맺쫐뎡뛔뛔랽뗄췾킲,돃듋믺믡쿲볗맺뺺헹,틲캪쓇퇹ퟶ뗄뮰믡잣솬뎧짌2,뛸뎧짌2좷쪵삩헅ꆣ죧맻뎧짌2맻헦퓚볗맺탂짨쇋ퟓ릫쮾,쿖퓚뎧뻟폐뿉탅뗄췾킲ꆣ짌1쏦뛔헢룶ퟓ릫쮾늻쓜뫁컞맋볉뗘볡뻶뗖훆쇋뎧짌1믡헥ퟃ쯼퓚맺쓚ꆢ맺췢쫐뎡뗄뗃쪧:죧맻ꆪꆪ쯼튪뾼싇헢퇹ퟶ틔뫳뛔랽뛔ퟔ벺ퟓ릫쮾놨뢴뗄펿죫맺쓚쫐뎡뗄뎧짌첫뛠,ퟔ벺뗄쫐뎡럝뛮믡맽뛠뫳맻ꆣ뎧짌1뿉쓜퓚볗맺쫐뎡뛔뎧짌2닉좡뷏캪뿭뗘퓢떽닏쪳;죴맺췢쫐뎡짏뗄샻틦늻쫇돤럖듳,쯼믡죝뗄첬뛈,틔쟳ퟔ벺뗄ퟓ릫쮾퓚틒맺쫐뎡짏튲놻틔퓚맺쓚쫐뎡닉좡잿펲듫쪩,뺡뿉쓜룏ퟟ죫쟖헟(쳘뇰샱쿠듽ꆣ퓚헢샯췾킲쫇뛔돆뗄,죎뫎튻랽뚼퓚튻룶쫐쫇쇮죋쓕믰뗄ꆰ듮뇣뎵헟ꆱ),뛸쟩풸퓚맺췢쫐뎡뷓쫜뎧짌2뗄놨뢴ꆣ떫쫇,뎧짌1퓚뻶뚨좥틒맺춶횮잰뎡짏췾킲뛔랽,춬쪱쯼퓚쇭튻쫐뎡쫜훆폚뛔랽,폚쫇뻍룃풤볻떽맺췢룷룶뎧짌뗄랴펦,죧맻ퟮ훕쯼톡퓱뿉쓜믡듯돉쿠뮥쇂뷢,틔맺쓚쫐뎡쓚놣돖뿋훆살놣쇋춶,쮵쏷쯼에뛏맺췢쫐뎡뗄뎤풶샻틦ퟣ틔뎬맽횤ퟓ릫쮾퓚맺췢믱뗃뷏샭쿫뗄뺺헹뮷뺳ꆣ퓚맺쓚쫐뎡뗄쯰쪧ꆣ횻튪Πl1+ΠL1ꇜΠh1+ΠH1쳵볾늻놻헢훖뛔췢횱뷓춶늻틋퓙놻뮮럖캪럀폹탔뗄ꆣ웆뮵,뎧짌1뇣믡놣돖퓚맺쓚쫐뎡쓚뗄죌쓍ꆣ죧맻뎧쿠랴짌풤볻떽맽뛠뗄뷸죫헟믡퇏훘쯰몦ퟔ벺퓚맺쓚뗄뺺,쯼쫇튻훖뷸릥쫖뛎,쫇맺쓚쫐뎡쫆솦퇚뮤쿂뗄헹뗘캻,뛸맺췢쫐뎡뗄샻틦폖늻ퟣ틔늹뎥맺쓚뗄쯰몣췢삩헅탐캪ꆣ떱좻,뎧짌2춶뗄ퟮ룹놾풭틲뮹쫇쪧,튻뾪쪼뇣늻믡좥틒맺붨ퟓ릫쮾뛸ꆰ쫚죋틔뇺ꆱꆣ웤쯻튻킩뺭볃틲쯘,뇈죧쿳맺볊짺닺헛훔샭싛훐뗄퓚볗맺볓뷸쇭튻룶뎧짌4,춬뎧짌3튻퇹,쯼튲ꋙ뿧맺릫쮾쾣췻퓚뷸죫뚫뗀맺뗄돵쪼뷗뛎폐튻룶뷏뿭쯉뗄뮷뺳,튲뿉늻쫇돶폚뛌웚뗄뺭쇵풭틲,뛸쫇쾣췻튻뾪쪼룸뚫뗀맺헾뢮뫍웳튵쇴튻룶맦뻘뗄탎쿳ꆣ튻킩췢맺릫쮾쯤좻놾짭늢늻믡퓚퓢폶룟잿뛈뺺헹쪱쯰쪧쪲쎴,떫쯼퓚헢훖뺺헹톹솦쿂쪩폃뗄랴믷쫖뛎튲탭믡쪹쯼쿔뗃??뇆죋,뛸헢뿉쓜믡폐쯰쯼퓚뚫뗀맺뗄뎤풶샻틦ꆣ' 1995-2003 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
1998쓪뗚2웚ꆪ53ꆪ뿉쓜돉캪ꆰ쏢럑듮뎵헟ꆱ:떱뎧짌1횱뷓춶,뛸틒랶캧ꆣ듓헢룶틢틥짏쮵,쓡뿋늩뿋쏷좷뗘붫늻좷뚨탔맺뎧짌톡퓱퓚볗맺춶,늢틔뷏뫏ퟷ뗄첬뛈퓚놾췁ퟷ캪맑햼랴펦싛뗄튻룶잰쳡,쫇럇뎣폐볻뗘뗄ꆣ뛔듽탂뷸죫헟쪱,뎧짌4벴쪹쎻폐뛠짙쫐뎡솦솿,튲퓚튻뚨쳵볾쿂,쒳맺쓚뎧짌뻞듳뗄돶뿚쫐뎡튲뿉틔돃믺뷸죫틒맺쫐뎡,틲캪쓇샯뷏뿭쯉뗄볛룱뺺릹돉뛔맺쓚웤쯻뎧짌뷏잿뗄뺺헹톹솦,헢훖톹솦믡헹뮷뺳뛔쫐뎡쓚뷏킡뗄뎧짌쫇릫릲컯욷ꆣ(퓚Πl1+ΠL1뷸튻늽폕랢헢킩뎧짌럀폹탔뗄뛔췢횱뷓춶ꆣ헢튻ꇜΠh1+ΠH1쳵볾늻놻웆뮵뗄잰쳡쿂)ꆣ샭싛췆맣쫇믹폚폫ꆰ맑햼랴펦싛ꆱ췪좫쿠춬뗄싟벭,헢뻍캪쓡뿋늩뿋맛달떽뗄뛔췢횱뷓춶돉엺탔듓뛸뷢뻶쇋ퟔ쓡뿋늩뿋틔살룃샭싛듦퓚뗄튻룶좱(cluster)쳡릩쇋쇭튻훖뷢쫍:짙쫽벸룶듳맑춷횮볤쿝,벴쯼컞램쮵쏷쒳튻쳘뚨쫐뎡짏돶쿖뗄뗚튻볒뛔뗄ꆰ붻뮻췾킲ꆱ퓚솽맺쫐뎡뚼퓬돉쇋퓝쪱뗄뿭쯉뺺헹췢횱뷓춶뎧짌뗄탐캪ꆣ뮷뺳,평폚쫐뎡뺺헹ힴ첬튻뚨돌뛈짏뻟폐릫릲컯욷퓚춬튻쒣탍훐짔짔룄뇤쒣탍쳵볾,컒쏇뷸튻늽탔훊,퓚헢훖뺺헹뮷뺳듦퓚뗄쪱뛎쓚,탐튵쓚웤쯻뎧췚뻲쇋뛔췢횱뷓춶ퟷ캪뷸릥탍커웷뗄볛횵:듦퓚짌뷸탐뛔췢횱뷓춶ퟮ폐샻뿉춼,헢뻍탎돉쇋붻닦튻훖퓚쒸맺쓚잿듳뗄쫐뎡솦솿퇚뮤쿂뗄뛔췢횱뷓춶춶훐뗄돉엺탔ꆣ,쯼퓚쪧좥쒸릫쮾맺쓚쫐뎡쫆솦횧돖쪱믡컞샻뿉춼ꆣ헢훖뛔췢횱뷓춶쫇뿧맺릫쮾퓚맺볊짏삩헅웤쯄ꆢퟜ뷡슢뛏쫆솦뗄뗤탍커웷ꆣ퓚쳘뚨쫐뎡쓚뷸릥뺺헹ힴ첬듓퇏룱뗄샭싛틢틥짏,맑햼랴펦싛믲붻뮻췾킲캪릫릲컯욷뗄볙짨쿂,쓡뿋늩뿋맛달떽뗄뛔췢횱뷓싛훐럀폹랽틔뛔췢횱뷓춶붨솢뗄ꆰ췾킲ꆱ늢늻ퟜ쫇춶뗄ꆰ돉엺탔ꆱ쳘헷뗃떽쇋쇭튻좫탂뗄뷢쫍ꆣ폐킧뗄ꆣ놾컄뛔헢룶컊쳢뗄럖컶뷡싛쫇:퓚탅쾢췪놸놾컄뛔ꆰ맑햼랴펦싛ꆱ뫍ꆰ붻뮻췾킲싛ꆱ풭샭뗄쟩뿶쿂,쏦뛔잱퓚뗄룟잿뛈뺺헹,럀폹뎧짌퓚뺺헹뛔삩햹,듓샭싛짏럡뢻쇋뛔췢횱뷓춶ퟷ캪맺볊맑춷쫖뗄쒳튻뻖늿쫐뎡쓚횱뷓춶뫳,훁짙탨튪퓚헢룶볤쫐뎡솪뚯커웷뗄랴펳탎쪽,ꆰ맑햼랴펦싛ꆱ뫍ꆰ붻쫐뎡쓚뗍볛룱뷸릥뿉틔룄뷸쯼퓚헢샯뗄쫕틦,헢튻뮻췾킲싛ꆱ톧헟뎤웚틔살뗄쪵횤릤ퟷ틑캪듋ퟷ돶쇋춶닅ퟣ틔뛔뛔쫖릹돉췾킲,듯떽놣뮤ퟔ벺맺쓚쫐솼뫃뗄쪵횤횧돖ꆣ늻맽,평폚쳥쿖뎧짌퓚춶뻶닟훐뎡짏샻틦뗄쒿뗄;퓚늻췪놸탅쾢뮷뺳훐,럀폹탔뛔췢뺭샭죋풱쮼쿫뗄낸샽뮹뫜좱랦,듓뛸튲뻍늻쓜좷뚨횱뷓춶릹돉뿉탅탔췾킲뗄쳵볾퓲뷏캪뿭쯉ꆣ뾼싇퓚쪵볊훐쓄킩뎧짌뗄뛔췢춶쫇뒫춳틢틥짏뗄럀폹떽늻좷뚨탔뫍늻췪놸탅쾢뗄쿖쪵,뿉틔죏캪ꆰ맑햼랴탔춶,쓄킩쫇맺쓚쫐뎡솦솿퇚뮤쿂뗄뷸릥탔춶,펦싛ꆱ뫍ꆰ붻뮻췾킲싛ꆱ뗄싟벭죔뻟폐뷏맣랺뗄쫊폃폖폐쓄킩뛔췢춶쫂쪵짏쫇뎧짌뗄듮뇣뎵탐캪ꆣ닎뾼컄쿗\[1\]Bain,J.(1956):HarvardUniversityPress.\[2\]Beaton,K.(1957),EnterprisesinOil::Appleton2Century2Crofts.\[3\]Casson,M.(1987):BasilBlackwell.\[4\]Demsetz,H.(1982)ꆰBarrierstoentryꆱ,AmericanEconomicReview,72:47257.\[5\]Dixit,.(1979)ꆰAmodelofoligopolysuggestingatheoryofentrybarriersꆱ,BellJournalofEconomics,10:20232.\[6\]Flowers,.(1976)ꆰOligopolisticreactionofEuropeanandCanadiandirectinvestmentintheUnitedStatesꆱ,JournalofInternationalBusinessStudies,7:43255.\[7\]Graham,.(1975)ꆰOligopolisticreactionandEuropeandirectinvestmentintheUnitedStatesꆱ,,HarvardBusunessSchool.\[8\]Graham,.(1978)ꆰTransatlanticinvestmentbymultinationalfirms:arivalisticphenomenon?ꆱ,JournalofPost2KeynesianEconomics,14:2592277.(퓰죎뇠벭:헅쫀쟧ꆡ킣뛔:헅얩)' 1995-2003 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
