流程图:
例题 1
来源:c6t3
The diagrams below show the life cycle of
the silkworm and the stages in the
production of silk cloth.
Summarise the information by selecting
and reporting the main features, and
make comparisons where relevant.
分析:
本题实际上是两个流程图,一个描述了
蚕的周期变化,另一个描述了蚕茧如何
做成丝绸/丝布,当然两个图有一定的联
系。
流程图的写作要注意以下事项:
第一, 找到流程起点,按照箭头方向,
仔细看图,理解图意;
第二, 如果出现生词,结合图中信息
进行猜测,多数生词可以直接代入;
第三, 按图中步骤、分阶段进行描述,
不要省略其中环节;
第四, 一定要使用表示逻辑顺序的
衔接词;after/before/until/once
第五, 通常选用一般现在时,注意主
谓一致,注意适当使用被动语态;
第六, 要使用并列句和定语从句来
压缩合并环节
The first diagram shows that there are four
main stages in the life of the silkworm.
First of all, eggs are produced by the moth
and it takes ten days for each egg to
become a silkworm larva that feeds on
mulberry leaves. This stage lasts for up to
six weeks until the larva produces a
cocoon of silk thread around itself. After a
period of about three weeks, the adult
moths eventually emerge from these
cocoons and the life cycle begins again.
The cocoons are the raw material used for
the production of silk cloth. Once selected,
they are boiled in water and the threads
can be separated in the unwinding stage.
Each thread is between 300 and 900
metres long, which means they can be
twisted together, dyed and then used to
produce cloth in the weaving stage.
Overall, the diagrams show that the
cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used
to produce silk cloth through a very simple
process.
163 words
考官作文已经很好的解决了刚才我们提
到的两个问题,下划线部分已经给我们
了很多启示。现总结如下:
首先,流程图中最关键的是使用恰当衔
接手段,一方面增强文章连贯性,另一
方面,可以避免写太多的简单句,使句
间的语法关系增强。
表示时间顺序
1) first; first of all; in the first/initial
stage; //second; next; then;
afterwards; thereafter; //finally; //at
the same time; simultaneously;
meanwhile;
2) and; and then; ——写出并列句:
把句子写长最经济有效的方法!
3) After; before; prior to; until;
when;
表示限定/补充说明:三个定语从句
引导词
其次,要避免句型单一化,我们还可以
采用一定的语言手段:
被动语态:
千万不能小觑,中文倾向于使用主动
语态,如果写作英语句子时能适当使
用,必将有助于句型多样化。 考官作
文里有 7 个被动语态或过去分词(以
斜体形式标出)。
词性变化:
在写流程图时,图中信息可能是以名
词、动名词、动词呈现的, 我们写作
时需有意识地在其三者间互换。比如,
上图中 food 可以转换为 feed, select 也
完全可以写 selection。
精彩句型回放:
当瓶子清洗完毕,他们被运送到回收
车间(recycling plant),在这里切成碎片,
然后倒入熔炉(furnace)当中。
___________________________conv
ey /cut/pour
When the cleaning is done, the bottles
are conveyed to the recycling plant
where they are cut into glass pieces,
which are then poured into a furnace.
练习:
碎玻璃被倒入熔炉(furnace)当中,在
这 里 加 热 并 熔 化 为 液 态 玻 璃 (liquid
glass) , 液 态 玻 璃 紧 接 着 流 进 模 具
(mould)里面。
___________heat/melt/flow
________________________________
____________________
________________________________
_______________________________
答案:
The glass pieces are poured into a furnace,
where they are heated and melted into a
liquid, which flows into a glass mould.
二 流程图必备词汇及模板表达
地图题的必会词汇:
Sparsely-populated 人 口 稀 少 的
densely populated 人 口 稠 密 的 lack
basic facilities 缺 乏 基 础 设 施 two
crossing main road 两条交叉的主路,
intersection 交叉, link 连接 parallel
with ,,, 与。。。平行 go through 贯穿
east(west,north,south)bound 向东(西,
南,北)的 Found/construct/build 建立,
along 沿着 scatter 分散,come into
being/take shape/form 形成
流程图必会词汇:
form/come into being/take shape 形
成 produce 生产 /gain /get/ acquire 获
取 evaporate 蒸发/volatilize 挥发 draw
提取/ recycle 回收/ extract 拔,提取
/pass into 进入 / absorb 吸收 /collect/
收 集 meet 相 遇 / be made up of/
由。。。组成 be made of 由。。。制
成 / be made from 由 。 。 。 制 成
/feed on 以。。。为食/depend on /rely
on 依赖 /release/send out 释放/sort 分
类 /separate 分开 conveyed 运送 cut
into 切成 poured into 倒入 poured into
倒入 heated 加热 melted into 融化成
flows into 流 入 produce eggs 产 卵
select 挑选 boil 煮 unwind 解开 twist
捻 weave 织 dye 染色 emerge 出现
harvest 收 割 /recycle 回 收 /fill 埋
/digest 分解 消化/biodegrade 生物降解
流程图模板:
第一段所使用的句子:
It mainly consists of
It works as follows
It always involves following steps
The whole procedure can be
divided into __ stages.
表第一阶段的句子:
process starts from----
At the first/initial stage, ----
At the beginning of the cycle, ----
During the initial phase,+句子
The beginning of the whole cycle is
marked by, ----
2. 表第二阶段的一些说法:
The second stage is----
The next step in the process is----
3. 表最后阶段的句子:
----is the last step in the procedure.
The final phase of the procedure is
about----
In the final phase,+句子
----is the final stage.
练习:
Task 1 流程图 Glass recycling
stage1: customers->used bottles->collec
tion point->recycling car
stage2: high pressured water ->green
brown clear bottles->cleaning plant -
>glass factory->glass pieces->heating i
n furnace->liquid->glass mold->new o
nes
stage3: filling or packing->supermark
et