훐맺탄샭컀짺퓓횾ꆡ2003쓪ꆡ뗚17뻭ꆡ뗚11웚783ꆤퟛ쫶ꆤ펰쿬훷맛탒뢣룐뗄쿠맘틲쯘샭싛컷쓏쪦랶듳톧탄샭쾵ꆡ(400715)ꆡ샮죥쇖ꆡ헅뷸뢨커뺯8740늿뛓튽풺ꆡꆡ(637005)ꆡ솺탂룕ꆡꆡ탒뢣,ퟷ캪죋짺뗄쒿뗄뫍좨샻,뻟SWB쮮욽뗄뷓뷼돌뛈,뇈퓚춬튻볒춥훐뢣룐뇈얮탔짔룟튻뗣,떫헢훖닮틬횵럇폐뫣뻃뛸뎣탂뗄틢틥ꆣ죋쏇뗄튻쟐탐뢧퇸뎤듳뗄틬싑쮫짺ퟓ튪룟뗃뛠,뮹랢뎣킡(r=104[3])ꆣ춨맽쫽뻝럖컶,랢쿖캪,컞늻쫇퓚ힷ쟳탒뢣뗄튻쟐탐캪,폖쿖:40%믽벫쟩룐뇤뮯,55%쿻벫쟩룐퓚듳뛠쫽맺볒훐,얮탔뇈쓐탔뗄쿻벫쟩컞늻쫜죋쏇탄쒿훐쯹쿫쿳뗄탒뢣쒣쪽뗄뇤뮯,틔벰48%짺믮싺틢뛈쫇평믹틲틽탷쳥퇩룼뛠,떫맘폚뛔SWB뗄펰쿬,펰쿬ꆣ틲듋,룶죋뗄죋짺맛ꆢ볛횵맛늻웰뗄,뛸릲춬뗄볒춥짺믮뮷뺳횻쓜뷢쫍쓐얮뗄훷튪닮틬뮹쎻폐놻랢쿖ꆣ춬,죋쏇뛔탒뢣뗄샭뷢뫍첬뛈튲뻍늻튻22%믽벫쟩룐뛈,2%쿻벫쟩룐뇤뮯,퓚헻룶탒뢣룐짏,쓐탔뫍얮탔뷓뷼퇹ꆣ훷맛탒뢣룐(SWB),횸움볛헟틔벰13%짺믮싺틢뛈뇤뮯[1]ꆣ욽뗈ꆣ뇭쏦짏뾴,헢룶랢쿖폫쫂쪵늻룹뻝ퟔ뚨뗄뇪ힼ뛔웤짺믮훊솿뗄ퟜ쳥움웸훊뻟폐벫듳뗄컈뚨탔,떫튲뻟폐럻,틲캪뛔튻냣죋살쮵,쯻쏇죏캪얮탔맀ꆣ튻냣쟷쿲죏캪:릹돉ꆰ훷맛탒뢣튻뚨뿉쯜탔ꆣ웸훊퓚뛠듳돌뛈짏쫇쿈쳬뇈쓐탔룼틗쿻돁,쿻벫쟩룐퓚얮탔훐뗄룐ꆱ뗄솽듳훷튪돉럖쫇짺믮싺틢뛈뫍쟩뗄룶쳥쳘헷,뛠듳돌뛈짏쫇쳘뚨짧믡맘쳥쿖룼룟ꆣ폐튻훖뷢쫍죏캪:춨뎣얮탔룐욽뫢ꆣ짺믮싺틢뛈쫇룶쳥뛔룶죋짺믮쾵뗄튻늿럖,헢룶컊쳢쿖퓚죔듦퓚튻킩뇈쓐탔뗄잿쇒쟩탷쳥퇩룼뛠ꆣW,Wood뗄ퟛ뫏죏횪에뛏,훷튪쫇ퟷ캪룶쳥뛔짺헹틩,틲듋,웸훊뛔SWB쮮욽뗄펰쿬etal랢쿖얮탔놨룦뻟폐룼룟뗄믽벫쟩룐믮뗄튻룶ퟜ쳥뗄룅삨죏쪶뫍움볛,뛸쟩믡쯦ퟅ쪱볤뫍쟩뺰랢짺룄뇤ꆣ뫍SWB쮮욽[4]ꆣLeeseccombe뫍Shehan룐욽뫢퓲쫇횸폫늻폤뿬쟩룐쳥퇩쿠뇈뷏112ꆢ붡뾵뛔SWB뗄펰쿬튲춬퇹랢쿖얮탔뇈쓐탔룼풸틢돐죏ퟔ벺햼쿠뛔폅쫆뗄폤뿬쳥퇩,쫇룶쳥뛔짺믮Wilson죏캪붡뾵폫SWB뻟폐뷏잿뗄탒뢣,얮탔믽벫쟩룐뾴살뿉틔폫쿻벫쟩뗄튻룶ퟜ쳥뗄룅삨죏쪶움볛ꆣ쟩룐폖뮮쿠맘,떫쫇헢훖쿠맘뷶뷶뇭쿖퓚놻쫔ퟔ룐쿠욽뫢,듓뛸퓚헻룶SWB쮮욽짏,럖캪믽벫쟩룐뫍쿻벫쟩룐솽룶캬뛈,믽컒놨룦붡뾵닢쫔쪱(죧George뫍Lander2쓐얮뷼뫵쿠뗈ꆣFujitaetal죏캪,죧맻벫쟩룐뫍쿻벫쟩룐쿠뛔뛀솢,웤펰쿬틲m[2]an)ꆣ죧맻춨맽튽짺뷸탐뿍맛뗄붡뾵얮탔퓚폶떽늻뫃믲쓑틔뿘훆뗄쫂볾쪱,쯘늢늻쿠춬ꆣ놾컄훷튪듓쓚늿틲쯘뫍췢움맀,붫퓚뫜듳돌뛈짏쿷죵헢훖쿠맘ꆣ헢훖탐캪뿉쓜떼훂쯻쏇쓑틔뗖훆쿻벫펰늿틲쯘솽랽쏦볓틔럖컶웤뛔훷맛탒뢣룐ퟔ컒움맀붡뾵믡쫜떽쿻벫뗄쟩탷뫍헦쪵쿬,떫쫇죧맻쯻쏇뗄짺믮쏀뫃,쓇쎴얮뗄펰쿬ꆣ뗄붡뾵ힴ뿶펰쿬,짺믮싺틢뛈뿉틔춨맽탔뇈쓐탔룼쓜쳥믡떽잿쇒뗄탒뢣[6]ꆣ쯤1ꆢ쓚늿틲쯘훷맛뷢쫍ퟔ짭뗄붡뾵뷸탐풤닢,붡뾵늻좻,럇뎣탒퓋뫍럇뎣늻탒뗄룶죋쫇벫짙111ꆢ웸훊뛔SWB뗄펰쿬떫쫜떽쿻벫쟩룐뫍헦쪵뗄붡뾵ힴ뿶뗄펰뗄,떫쫇얮탔뿉쓜쫇솽룶ퟩ좺훐뗄뗤탍퓚탄샭톧쪷짏,ꆰ웸훊ꆱ쫇튻룶뫜쿬,뛸쟒뛔붡뾵뗄죏횪튲쫜떽죋룱뗄펰듺뇭ꆣ맅샏뗄룅쓮ꆣ룶쳥튻돶짺,뻍뻟폐평짺쿬ꆣퟔ컒움맀붡뾵돟뛈늻뷶랴펳튻룶죋얮탔캪쪲쎴뇈쓐탔뻟폐룼뛠뗄벫뛋샭믺훆뻶뚨뗄쒳훖웸훊,웸훊쫇룶쳥탄헦쪵뗄짭쳥붡뾵ힴ뿶,뛸쟒튲랴펳쇋튻쟩탷?Nolen-Hoeksmg뫍Rusting죏캪,샭믮뚯컈뚨뗄뚯솦쳘헷,늢뇭쿖퓚췢늿룶죋뗄쟩탷쫊펦쮮욽,틲듋,붡뾵뗄훷헢훖닮틬훷튪살ퟔ짧믡뷇즫쿞훆,뒫춳탐캪짏,쎿튻훖웸훊뚼뻟폐튻뚨뗄폅뗣맛룐횪뇈헦쪵뗄붡뾵움맀뛔SWB뗄펰얮탔뷇즫돐떣룼뛠뗄쫇볒춥헕쇏듋샠뗄믲좱뗣ꆣ퓚죏횪믮뚯ꆢ쟩룐믮뚯뫍틢횾쿬룼훘듳ꆣ뷇즫,헢쪹뗃얮탔뗄쟩룐뇈쓐탔룼쏴믮뚯훐뚼믡뇭쿖돶튻룶죋만폐뗄웸훊쳘ퟜ횮,붡뾵뛔SWB뗄펰쿬틀삵폚룐,틲듋,얮탔뿉쓜룼풸틢쳥퇩뫍뇭듯뗣,듓뛸퓶볓믲복짙쒳훖쟩룐뗄돶쿖,룶쳥뛔쯹뒦뮷뺳뗄룐횪,떱뒦폚튻훖컞쟩룐ꆣ틔벰쒳훖쫂볾랢짺뗄뿉쓜탔ꆣ췢쟣룶쳥쓜캪솦ꆢ톹틖뗄뺳뿶쪱,붫믡뛔SWB2ꆢ췢늿틲쯘쟣쿲폚뺭샺뫍쳥퇩믽벫뗄짺믮쫂볾,뛸닺짺쿻벫펰쿬ꆣ떱붡뾵ힴ뿶럁낭튻룶죋211컄뮯뛔SWB뗄펰쿬쓚쟣헟퓲듸폐튻뗣놯맛즫닊,틲뛸,웸쒿뇪뗄쪵쿖,쯼붫뛔SWB닺짺쿻벫펰룶쳥뛔ퟔ벺뗄탒뢣룐ퟶ돶에뛏쪱,훊뗄닮틬쪹늻춬뗄죋쟣쿲폚쳥퇩늻춬쮮쿬,떫춨맽룄뇤쒿뇪,탄샭뿉쓜믡쫊펦컞램뇜쏢뗘믡듸짏컄뮯뗄샓펡,뛸쟒늻욽뗄SWBꆣ탂뗄뇪ힼꆣ떫쫇,쒳킩붡뾵쳵볾럇뎣훘춬뗄컄뮯뛔웤에뛏뗄펰쿬쫇늻춬뗄ꆣ튻SWB뗄훘튪횤뻝뿉틔듓럖뾪뢧퇸쮫튪,쯼뿉쓜럁낭튻킩풶듳쒿뇪뗄쪵쿖,킩탄샭톧볒틀뻝룶쳥탅쾢뗄쓚늿살풴뫍짺ퟓ퇐뺿믱뗃,쏷쓡쯕듯듳톧Tellegan틲듋,늻뿉뇜쏢뗄펰쿬쇋SWB쮮욽ꆣ췢늿살풴붫컄뮯뮮럖캪룶죋훷틥컄뮯뫍뗈죋훸쏻뗄쮫짺ퟓ뗄퇐뺿랢쿖:퓚늻춬113ꆢ탔뇰닮틬뛔SWB뗄펰쿬벯쳥훷틥컄뮯,잰헟쟷쿲폚힢틢ퟔ벺쓚볒춥뮷뺳훐뢧퇸뎤듳뗄춬싑쮫짺ퟓ,웤Haring,Stock뫍Okun쳡돶쓐탔뗄탒늿뗄훷맛쳥퇩뛸뫶싔쟩뺰훐뗄쿠맘틲쯘' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
784훐맺탄샭컀짺퓓횾ꆡ2003쓪ꆡ뗚17뻭ꆡ뗚11웚뫍맦랶틲쯘,뛸뫳헟룼잿뗷폫쯻죋뗄탨듓죽룶랽쏦뷸탐쇋퇐뺿:(튻)쫕죫뗄ퟜ횵폫릺싲솦)ퟷ캪맺볒닆헾뗘캻뗄횸튪뫍웚췻뗄튻훂탔,틔벰췢늿맦랶뗄짧뇤뮯뛔SWB뗄펰쿬,(뛾)맺볒뺭볃랢뇪,랢쿖퓚탭뛠랽쏦,뢻풣뗄맺볒폫욶믡튻훂탔ꆣ퓚룶죋훷틥컄뮯훐,룶쳥쓚햹쪱웚뛔SWB뗄펰쿬,(죽)늻춬맺볒쟮뗄맺볒쫇폐쟸뇰뗄,헢훖닮틬퓶볓쇋늿쟩룐뫍헦쪵탔뺭뎣놻죏캪쫇튻훖쏀횮볤닮틬뗄펰쿬ꆣ늻춬맺볒쫕죫폫SWB횮볤뗄쿠맘탔ꆣ뗂,룶쳥룟뛈뗘뾴훘ퟔ컒뗄돉럖,퓚쯻(튻)쫕죫뗄뇤뮯뛔SWB뗄펰쿬틲듋,맺볒닆뢻뫍SWB횮볤뗄맘쾵쫇쏇뗄짭짏,뿉틔랢쿖쓚늿쟩룐뫍짺믮싺퓚튻룶맺볒쓚늿,쫕죫뗄퓶뎤폫뿉틔풤쇏뗄,훁짙늿럖뿉틔춨맽뢻폐맺틢뛈횮볤폐뫜잿뗄쿠맘탔ꆣ뛸퓚벯쳥훷SWB뗄쳡룟쎻폐뇘좻뗄솪쾵,떱쫕죫퓚볒뗄룶죋쯹뗃떽뗄웤쯻샻틦뗄볤뷓펰틥컄뮯훐룶쳥뗄쮼쿫뫍쟩룐횻폐닎헕뇰튻룶뷏뎤쪱볤쓚놣돖컈뚨,룶쳥뿉쓜쫊쿬,뛸늻쫇컯훊놾짭뗄펰쿬ꆣ죋뗄쮼쿫뫍쟩룐닅쓜믱뗃돤럖뗄틢틥,펦쳘뚨뗄쫕죫뗈벶쮮욽ꆣ죧맻쫕죫랢짺퓚튻룶뢻풣맺볒쓚늿,뢻풣뗄죋뇈ퟔ컒쫜떽짧믡틲쯘뗄펰쿬,퓚헢훖컄뮯룄뇤,SWB뿉쓜퓝쪱뗄퓶볓믲붵뗍,쳘욶쟮뗄죋뗄탒뢣룐짔룟튻뗣,좻뛸,뢻훐뗄룶죋뛔컄뮯ힼ퓲뗄횪뻵뫍짺믮싺틢뇰쫇,죧맻쫕죫늻쓜듯떽ퟔ벺뗄쒿뇪뫍풣맺볒뗄죋뇈욶쟮맺볒뗄죋웤탒뢣룐쳥뛈횮볤폐룼잿뗄솪쾵ꆣ싺ퟣ믹놾탨튪쪱,SWB믡붵뗍ꆣ떫쫇쫊퇩튪룟뗃뛠,듋췢,쫕죫뗄뇤뮯늻쫇ퟜ퓚룶쳥훷틥컄뮯훐,ퟔ컒뗄쮽폐돉펦샭싛죏캪,듓헻룶쪱볤캬뛈살뾴,죋뻟폐풤볻탔뗄펰쿬ꆣ럖뫍쓚늿돉럖뻶뚨튻룶죋뗄룶탔,룶쳥쏇붫쫊펦탂뗄쫕죫뗈벶,틲캪죋뻟폐훘214믩틶뛔SWB뗄펰쿬뗄싺틢뛈쫇틔쟩탷쳥퇩캪믹뒡뗄,퓚벯탂릹붨뛔쫂컯죏횪뗄쓜솦,늢쟒퓚튻뚨쏀맺ꆢ볓쓃듳ꆢ얲췾뫍맺볊탔퇐뺿쳥훷틥컄뮯훐,룶죋뗄룶탔쫜웤폫뇰죋돌뛈짏뗷뷚ퟔ짭뗄쟩탷ꆣퟜ쫇뗃떽춬튻뷡싛:믩틶뫍SWB횮볤뗄맘쾵뗄펰쿬,틲듋,짺믮싺틢뛈뫍쟩쫕죫뗄퓶볓늢늻ퟜ쫇웰믽벫뗄ퟷ폐믽벫뗄솪쾵ꆣ튻킩듳랶캧뗄맛달쿔쪾룐욽뫢횮볤뗄쿠맘퓚룶죋훷틥컄뮯훐뇈폃,죧Smith뫍Razzell퇐뺿,퓚쏀맺ퟣ뷡믩뗄죋뇈캴믩ꆢ샫믩ꆢ럖뻓ꆢ뛀뻓뗄벯쳥훷틥컄뮯훐룼쏷쿔[7]ꆣ떫쒳킩믹놾쟲닊욱훐,믱뗃듳솿붱뷰뗄룶쳥,쯻쏇죋탒뢣룐튪듳튻킩ꆣ뛔폚쓐탔뫍얮탔살짺샭탨튪죧벢뿊,뻟폐뿧컄뮯튻훂탔,훐뗄튻킩죋듇좥쇋릤ퟷ,쪧좥쇋튻킩짧쮵,믩틶뗄펰쿬뿉쓜늻춬,뷡믩뗄얮탔퓚늻춬컄뮯놳뺰훐뚼쫇SWB뗄횸뇪ꆣ믡솪쾵,틔벰붵뗍쇋돉릦쳥퇩뗄벸싊,뇈캴믩뗄얮탔탒뢣ꆣ춬퇹,뷡믩뗄쓐탔믹놾짺샭탨튪싺ퟣ틔뫳,쿐쾾믮뚯뻍돉뛸쟒,떱뢻풣뗄룶쳥놻웚췻쳡릩컯훊냯뇈캴믩쓐탔탒뢣ꆣ떫쫇,듦퓚헢퇹뗄헹캪펰쿬SWB뗄훘튪틲쯘,뻍뿉쓜돶쿖훺쪱,뿉쓜쪹쯻쏇폫엳폑뫍볒춥횮볤뗄싛:믩틶쫇럱뛔폚쓐탔(믲헟얮탔)살룶쳥닮틬뫍뿧컄뮯늻튻훂ꆣ맘쾵룼볓뷴헅[10]ꆣ틲듋쫕죫뗄퓶뎤튲믡쮵,뛔헻룶탒뢣룐뗄펰쿬룼훘튪ꆣDi2212릤ퟷ뛔SWB뗄펰쿬떼훂춴뿠뗄퓶볓,틔훂복짙쇋뛔SWBeneretal랢쿖,룹뻝믽벫쟩룐랴펦,믩릤ퟷ폫SWB뻟폐튻뚨뗄쿠맘쫇틲뗄믽벫펰쿬ꆣ틶룸쓐탔듸살뗄샻틦뇈얮탔뛠,틑믩뗄캪쯼뿉쓜쳡릩쪹죋쏇랢쿖뿬샖뗄ퟮ병듌(뛾)맺볒뺭볃랢햹쪱웚뛔SWB뗄쓐얮퓚짺믮싺틢뛈짏듦폐닮틬[15]ꆣHor2벤뫍믽벫뗄짧믡솪쾵,틔벰튻훖뫏샭뗄펰쿬wifz,White뫍Howell-White랢쿖,늻춬짧믡죏춬뫍틢틥ꆣ퓚ퟮ뷼쪮쓪,얮탔평퓚튻룶맺볒쓚늿뺭볃뷏듳럹뛈뗄뇤뗄탔뇰뛔폚샫믩뫍럖뻓랴펦뗄닠훘뗣늻폚쯻쏇뗄짧믡뷇즫룄뇤,틔벰믱뗃뗄횰뮯튲뿉쓜뛔탄샭붡뾵뫍SWB닺짺펰쿬,춬,얮탔룼죝틗뇭듯쿻벫뗄쟩탷,뛸쓐튵랶캧삩듳,쪹뗃쯻쏇퓚짺믮싺틢뛈폫Dooley뫍Catalano퇐뺿쇋탄샭벲늡뫍뺭탔룼쾲뫃샄폃뻆뺫ퟔ컒싩뇔[16]ꆣ릤ퟷ싺틢뛈횮볤뗄쳥퇩뷏잿ꆣ싺틢뗄릤볃쿻췋횮볤뗄솪쾵,랢쿖뺭볃뷴쯵펰쿬믩틶ힴ뿶뫍SWB횮볤쿠맘뗄횱뷓ퟷ쳘뗣쫜떽맣랺뗄퇐뺿,죧룶죋-벯쳥쫜듬헛뗄돌뛈,떫늻믡펰쿬ퟔ즱뗄뇈싊풭틲듦퓚튻룶컊쳢,ퟝ쿲퇐뺿뇭쏷:탒쫊펦탔뎣뎣폫릤ퟷ싺틢뛈쿠맘,놾짭뗄(Dooley,C]atalano,Wilson[11),Diener뫍뢣뫍뻟폐솼뫃ퟔ컒뗷뷚뗄죋뇈웤쯻죋룼믘놨뫍짧믡샻틦튲쫇짺믮싺틢뛈뗄훘튪Suh놨룦쇋듓1946쓪떽1990쓪SWB뗄풸틢뷡믩,떫쫇뷡싛늢늻쫇럇뎣잿폐풤닢횸뇪,릤ퟷ쪱볤뗄뎤뛌폫SWB횮뇤뮯쟷쫆랢쿖,뺡맜퓚램맺ꆢ죕놾ꆢ쏀솦ꆣ튻킩뗷닩퇐뺿헟죏캪믩틶뻟폐튻킩볤뗄솪쾵쫇뢴퓓뗄,쯼틀뻝릤ퟷ뗄뢴퓓맺뺭볃듳솿퓶볓,떫SWB좴쎻폐죎뫎폐틦뗄펰쿬,죧쓜복뮺짺믮뗄삧뺳뫍뗃탔ꆢ뛮췢쪱볤쫇럱돶ퟔퟔ풸ꆢ틔벰릤ퟷ퓶뎤[12],Oswald튲랢쿖9룶얷훞맺볒퓚떽쟩룐뫍뺭볃횧돖,듓뛸믩틶쓜닺짺믽-볒춥돥춻뗈훐볤틲쯘ꆣ퓚튻냣뗄SWB튻뛎쪱볤뺭볃듳솿퓶뎤,뛸SWB쎻폐벫뗄탒뢣룐ꆣ훐,릤ퟷ죈쟩놻뮮럖캪릤ퟷ쪱뗄탄쟩ힴ죎뫎퓶볓[13]ꆣ틲듋,쫕죫뗄퓶뎤늻튻뚨컄뮯쳘헷뿉쓜뛔SWB폫믩틶ힴ뿶첬뫍릤ퟷ싺틢뗈풪쯘(George,랴펳SWB쮮욽ꆣ횮볤뗄맘쾵닺짺펰쿬,Dieneretal틔40B[8]rief)ꆣ(죽)늻춬맺볒횮볤닮틬뗄펰쿬룶맺볒살퇐뺿,랢쿖늻맜튻룶맺볒샫믩쪧튵뗄죋뻟폐뫜뗍뗄짺믮싺틢뛈뫍쿠뛔Easterlinꆯs퓧웚맘폚헢룶뿎쳢싊뫍룶죋훷틥쮮욽죧뫎,뷡믩뗄죋뇈샫뷏룟뗄ퟔ즱쟷쿲,Clark쳡돶쪧튵쫇붵뗍뗄뷡싛,맺볒닆뢻폫SWB횮볤뗄맘쾵믩뗄ꆢ럖뻓뗄ꆢ떥짭뗄죋룐떽탒뢣ꆣ뛔SWB뗄훷튪풭틲,떫쫇늻탒죋좺뗄뇈샽튻냣쫇믽벫뗄ꆢ뷏잿뗄[14]ꆣ춨맽39룶폚평폚컄뮯쳘헷뗄펰쿬뛸떼훂뗄춬뻓쿖늻쫇떥뒿뗄횻살ퟔ쪧튵뗄좺쳥[9]ꆣ맺볒퇐뺿랢쿖맺쏱짺닺ퟜ횵폫짺믮싺틢쿳,퓚룶죋훷틥컄뮯샯캴믩뗄냩싂뇈틑213쫕죫뛔SWB뗄펰쿬뛈횮볤뗄쿠맘듳풼쫇0150,Diener춨맽믩뗄믲떥짭뗄룼쓜룐떽탒뢣뫍짺믮싺퇐뺿헟뛔쫕죫폫SWB횮볤뗄맘쾵55룶맺볒훘뢴퇩횤,냑GNP(맺쏱짺닺틢,쿠랴,퓚벯쳥훷틥컄뮯샯쯻쏇뗄짺' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
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