뗚27뻭 뗚9웚 뿆?벼?뷸?늽?폫?뛔?닟 May. 2010 Science & Technology Progress and Policy 2010쓪5퓂 죋솦풴폫뺺헹폅쫆ꎺ튻룶룄뷸뗄??䥏뿲볜?슥죳욽ꎬ톦짹볒 ()쓏듳톧 맜샭톧풺ꎬ맣뚫 맣훝 510632 햪?튪ꎺ틔RBV샭싛뫍뚯첬쓜솦샭싛(DCV)캪믹뒡ꎬ닉폃뺭뗤뗄“쫤죫ꆪ뮯ꆪ쫤돶”럖컶랶쪽ꎬ듓쾵춳샭싛뗄쫓뷇ꎬ쳡돶쇋튻룶룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜ꎬ쏨쫶쇋죧뫎춨맽HR맜샭살믱좡뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜뗄몬틥쫇ꎺퟩ횯쫤죫뗄죋솦풴펦떱뻟놸뺺헹폅쫆잱솦ꎻퟩ횯뗄뮯쓜솦평ퟩ횯톧쾰ꆢퟩ횯탐뚯뫍벤샸믺훆헢죽쿮쿠뮥ퟷ폃뗄쾵춳튪쯘릹돉ꎻퟩ횯쫤죫뗄죋솦풴ꎬ뺭맽폐킧뮯ꎬ뻍쓜쫤돶캪뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ 맘볼듊ꎺ죋솦풴ꎻ뺺헹폅쫆ꎻퟩ횯톧쾰ꎻퟩ횯탐뚯ꎻVRIO뿲볜 훐춼럖샠뫅ꎺF240??컄?쿗뇪쪶싫ꎺA???컄헂?뇠뫅ꎺ1001–7348(2010)09–0146–04죋솦놾샭싛죏캪ꎺ쿠뛔폚컯훊풴살쮵ꎬ죋솦풴쫇뗄풭퓲ꆣ솪냮뿬뗝(FedEx)쫇튻볒잿뗷“풱릤훁짏”뗄웳튵ꎬꏛ1ꏝ릫쮾뗄뗚튻풴ꆣ늨쳘뗄볛횵솴샭싛죏캪ꎬ죋솦풴맜샭퓚HR맜샭쪵볹훐튻횱쪵쪩“풱릤ꆪ럾컱ꆪ샻죳”샭쓮ꎬ냑뺭쫇릫쮾볛횵솴뗄튻쿮뢨훺믮뚯ꎬ쫇쪵쿖릫쮾볛횵뗄튻룶뮷샭뗄튵벨뾼뫋ꆢ붱뷰뫬샻폫풱릤싺틢맒릳ꆣ 뷚ꆣBarney뫍Wright틔RBV샭싛캪믹뒡ꎬ쳡돶쇋 쾡좱(Rare) 뿲볜ꎬ퇐뺿쇋웳튵죧뫎샻폃죋솦풴믱좡뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ떫퓚죴쾡좱뗄풴뫍쓜솦뷶캪짙쫽뺺헹뛔쫖쯹펵폐ꎬ쓇쎴ꏛ2ꏝꏛ3ꏝ헢룶럖컶뿲볜훐ꎬ쎻폐쿪쾸첽쳖ퟩ횯헢룶“뫚쿤”ꆣ본폚펵폐듋샠풴뫍쓜솦뗄웳튵쓜릻믱뗃뺺헹폅쫆ꆣBarney듋ꎬ놾컄쳡돶쇋튻룶룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜ꆣ 죏캪ꎬ죴릫쮾뗄풴뷶뷶폐볛횵ꎬ떫늻쫇쾡좱뗄ꎬ쓇쎴횻ꏛ2ꏝ쓜믱뗃뛔뗈뗄뺺헹ꆣ틲듋Barney뫍Wright죏캪ꎬ릫쮾뗄1 VRIO뿲볜 HR뺭샭펦짨램뾪랢벰샻폃죋솦풴ꎬ쪹웤뻟놸쾡좱쳘탔ꎬ듓뛸믱뗃뺺헹폅쫆ꎻ춬쪱ꎬ뿉틔춨맽헐울ꆢ엠통ꆢ킽돪뗈ꏛ3ꏝBarney냑릫쮾풴뮮럖캪3샠ꎺ컯훊놾풴ꆢퟩ튻쳗뮥쿠엤뫏뗄HR맜샭쾵춳살쪵쿖ꆣ 횯놾풴ꆢ죋솦놾풴ꆣBarney죏캪ꎬ죋솦놾풴샽죧ꎬ쏀맺쇣쫛튵뻞춷Nordstrom릫쮾ꎬ헐울쓇킩쫜맽냼삨풱릤뫍뺭샭뗄엠통ꆢ뺭퇩ꆢ에뛏ꆢ훇솦ꆢ맘쾵ꆢ볻쪶ꆣ듳톧뷌폽뗄뗪풱ꎬ춨맽쳡릩엠통뫍킧싊릤?욽뻹릤쫇탐ꏛ2ꏝ틔RBV샭싛캪믹뒡ꎬBarney뫍Wright쳡돶쇋VRIO뿲튵뗄솽놶?살컼틽뫍쇴힡풱릤ꎬ맄샸뗪풱뺡솦랢쿖뫍싺ퟣ뿍볜ꎬ죏캪릫쮾뗄죋솦풴ꎬ횻튪뻟놸폐볛횵(Valuable)ꆢ쾡뮧탨쟳ꆣ쪵쪩헢쳗뮥늹HR맜샭쾵춳뗄킧맻쫇ꎬ뗪쓚욽뻹좱(Rare)ꆢ쓑틔쒣럂(Imperfectly Imitable)헢3훖쳘탔ꎬ늢쟒쎿욽랽펢돟뗄쿺쫛듯떽튵쓚ퟮ룟ꆣ훐맺뗄뮪캪릫쮾ꎬ틠쫇ퟩ횯(Organization)쓜폐킧뗘샻폃헢킩풴ꎬ쓇쎴릫쮾뻍뿉춨맽헐울ꆢ엠통ꆢ킧싊릤뗈튻쳗뮥늹뗄HR맜샭쾵춳살틔욾뷨헢킩죋솦풴살믱뗃뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ 믱뗃뺺헹폅쫆뗄뷜돶웳튵ꆣ 폐볛횵(Valuable) 쓑틔쒣럂(Imperfectly Imitable) 폐볛횵뗄풴뫍쓜솦쪹웳튵쓜릻샻폃믺믡ꎬ복짙췾킲ꎬ쓑틔쒣럂뗄풴뫍쓜솦쫇횸웤쯼웳튵쓑틔붨솢웰살뗄쪵쪩햽싔살쳡룟ퟩ횯뗄킧싊뫍킧맻ꎬ짺닺돶맋뿍탨튪뗄닺풴뫍쓜솦ꎻ뛀쳘뗄샺쪷ꆢ틲맻쒣뫽탔뫍짧믡뢴퓓탔쫇릫ꏛ3ꏝ욷ꆣ춨맽붵뗍닺욷돉놾믲쳡룟닮틬뮯ꎬ릫쮾뿉틔캪맋뿍뒴쮾뗄풴뫍쓜솦쓑틔놻쒣럂뗄3룶뻶뚨틲쯘ꆣBarney뫍ꏛ2ꏝ퓬볛횵ꆣ퓚붵뗍돉놾뫍쳡룟쫕죫랽쏦ꎬ릫쮾뗄HR늿쏅뫍Wright죏캪ꎬ퓚HR맜샭쪵볹훐ꎬ엠폽폫쳘뚨뗄샺쪷쿠HR쪵볹ꎬ뿉틔캪릫쮾뗄튵컱ퟷ돶횱뷓릱쿗ꎻ폐킧뗄ퟶ램쫇솪쾵뗄릫쮾컄뮯ꎬ쫇뺺헹폅쫆뗄폐킧살풴ꆣ샽죧ꎬ뛅냮릫헐울폐볛횵뗄풱릤ꎬ훘쫓풱릤뗄볛횵ꎬ죃풱릤싺틢ꎬ늢냑쮾뗄낲좫짺닺컄뮯ꎬ컷쓏몽뿕뗄뿬샖ꆢ탅죎ퟩ횯컄뮯ꆣ컞ꏛ2ꏝ헢킩샭쓮실쪵떽HR맜샭쪵볹훐ꆣ 탎뗄풴뫍쓜솦ꎬ샽죧ퟩ횯컄뮯ꆢ죋볊맘쾵ꆢ릫쮾짹폾뗈ꎬ샽죧ꎬ쮼뿆릫쮾퓚죋풱헐울쪱ퟱ톭룟쯘훊ꆢ쓾좱컰샄룼폐뿉쓜돉캪뿉돖탸뺺헹폅쫆뗄살풴ꆣ 쫕룥죕웚ꎺ2009–05–05 믹뷰쿮쒿ꎺ맣뚫쪡룟킣“잧냙쪮릤돌”믹뷰쿮쒿(37706202) ퟷ헟볲뷩ꎺ슥죳욽(1977–)ꎬ쓐ꎬ몣쓏?훝죋ꎬ쓏듳톧맜샭톧풺늩쪿퇐뺿짺ꎬ퇐뺿랽쿲캪맜샭뿆톧폫뻶닟ꎻ톦짹볒(1944–)ꎬ쓐ꎬ맣뚫뎱짇죋ꎬ쓏듳톧맜샭톧풺뷌쫚ꆢ늩쪿짺떼쪦ꎬ퇐뺿랽쿲캪맜샭뿆톧폫맜샭뻶닟ꆣ
뗚?웚?슥죳욽ꎬ톦짹볒ꎺ죋솦풴폫뺺헹폅쫆ꎺ튻룶룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜?· 147 · ퟩ횯(Organization) 솪쾵ꎬ좻뛸컞램돤럖뗘뷢쫍퓚튻룶뿬쯙뇤뮯뗄ꆢ늻뿉풤닢ꏛ4ꏝ뗄뮷뺳훐ꎬ뺺헹폅쫆뗄믱좡뫍돖탸컊쳢ꆣ퓚튻룶톸쯙뇤ퟩ횯죴쓜폐킧뗘샻폃폐볛횵ꆢ쾡좱뫍쓑틔쒣럂헢3훖쳘뮯뗄뚯첬뮷뺳훐ꎬ뺭샭죋풱쫗튪뗄햽싔쳴햽쫇믱뗃늢놣돖탔뗄죋솦풴ꎬ쓇쎴릫쮾뻍뿉틔욾뷨헢킩죋솦풴살믱뗃뺺ꏛ5ꏝꏛ2ꏝ뿉돖탸뗄뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ뛸뚯첬쓜솦샭싛쳡릩쇋뷏뫃뗄뷢쫍ꆣ헹폅쫆ꆣWright뫍McMahan(1992)ꆢLado뫍Wilson(1994)ꆢ뚯첬쓜솦쫇횸릫쮾폐킧뗘샻폃풴살쪵쿖폫뿬쯙뇤뮯뗄뮷MacDuffie(1996)뗈톧헟뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭쏷ꎬ헐울ꆢ엠통ꆢ뾼뺳킭뗷튻훂뗄쓜솦ꆣ 뫋ꆢ킽돪뗈HR맜샭쪵볹뮥쿠욥엤쪱ꎬퟩ횯쓜믱뗃룼폅뗄ꏛ4ꏝTeece뗈죏캪톧쾰ꆢ퓙엤훃ꆢ킭뗷폫헻뫏쫇믱좡뚯튵벨ꆣ믹폚훚뛠톧헟뚨탔뫍뚨솿랽쏦뗄퇐뺿ꎬBarney뫍ꏛ6ꏝꏛ2ꏝ첬쓜솦뗄3룶맘볼맽돌ꆣZott냑뚯첬쓜솦쫓캪돌탲쪽뗄Wright죏캪ꎬퟩ횯쪵쪩튻쳗뮥늹뗄HR맜샭쪵볹ꎬ폅폚퇝뮯톧쾰맽돌ꎬ뿉춨맽쫔퇩뫍쒣럂살쪵볹ꆣWang뫍Ahmed떥룶뗄HR맜샭믮뚯ꎬ듓뛸쓜믱좡룼폅뗄벨킧뫍뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ ꏛ7ꏝ죏캪ꎬ쫊펦쓜솦ꆢ컼쫕쓜솦뫍뒴탂쓜솦쫇뚯첬쓜솦뗄훷2 룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜 튪릹돉튪쯘ꆣ놾컄죏캪ꎬWang뫍Ahmed뗄쫊펦쓜솦ꆢ컼쫕쓜솦뿉쫓캪ퟩ횯톧쾰ꎬTeece뗈뗄퓙엤훃ꆢ킭뗷폫헻뫏틔놾컄럖뇰닉폃Daft(1983)뫍Barney(1991) 맘폚릫쮾벰Wang뫍Ahmed뗄뒴탂쓜솦뿉쫓캪ퟩ횯탐뚯ꎬ뛸Zott뗄풴뫍뺺헹폅쫆뗄뚨틥ꆣDaft(1983)죏캪ꎬ릫쮾풴쫇릫쮾쯹쫔퇩뫍쒣럂볈뿉ퟷ캪ퟩ횯톧쾰ꎬ폖뿉ퟷ캪ퟩ횯탐뚯ꆣ튻킩폐뗄닺ꆢ쓜솦ꆢퟩ횯쇷돌ꆢ탅쾢뫍횪쪶뗈뗄ퟩ뫏ꆣBarneyꏛ8ꏝꏛ3ꏝ쪵횤퇐뺿냑뚯첬쓜솦뗈춬폚톧쾰쓜솦ꆣ 죏캪ꎬ튻볒릫쮾뻟폐뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ쫇횸떱듋릫쮾쪵쪩튻쿮룹뻝짏쫶쳖싛ꎬ놾컄냑ퟩ횯톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯ퟷ캪뚯첬볛횵뒴퓬햽싔쪱ꎬ죎뫎떱잰뗄뫍잱퓚뗄뺺헹뛔쫖컞램춬쪱쓜솦뗄릹돉튪쯘ꎬퟩ횯톧쾰폫ퟩ횯탐뚯쫇쿠뮥펰쿬ꆢ쿠뮥쪵쪩듋햽싔ꆣ ꏛ2ꏝ듙뷸뗄쾵춳맽돌(춼1)ꆣퟩ횯톧쾰쫇ퟩ횯“횪”뗄맽돌ꎬퟩ횯Barney뫍Wright믹폚RBV샭싛쳡돶뗄VRIO뿲볜ꎬ탐뚯쫇ퟩ횯“탐”뗄맽돌ꎬ횪탐뫏튻ꎬ쫇“횪탐”헜샭뗄뺫쯨ꆣ듓뺲첬뗄뷇뛈첽쳖쇋죧뫎샻폃HR살믱좡뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ떫쎻ퟩ횯춨맽톧쾰믱뗃횪쪶뫳ꎬ죧맻ퟩ횯톧쾰늻쓜쪵쪩캪ퟩ횯폐쿪쾸첽쳖ퟩ횯헢룶“뫚쿤”ꆣVRIO뿲볜틾몬뗄볙짨쫇ꎬퟩ탐뚯ꎬ쓇쎴뻍늻믡닺짺죎뫎킧맻ꆣퟩ횯톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯펦횯쳬짺뻟놸톧쾰쓜솦뫍탐뚯쓜솦살쪵쪩튻쳗쿠뮥욥엤뗄믹폚뿍뮧뫍쫐뎡떼쿲ꎬ틔싺ퟣ뫍쳡짽뿍뮧볛횵캪잰쳡ꆣ돉HR맜샭쾵춳ꆣ믹폚짏쫶뾼싇ꎬ놾컄틔RBV샭싛뫍뚯첬쓜릦뗄웳튵ꎬ쫇쓇킩늻뛏쪵볹횪탐뫏튻뗄웳튵ꆣ 솦샭싛(DCV)캪믹뒡ꎬ닉폃뺭뗤뗄“쫤죫ꆪ뮯ꆪ쫤돶”럖컶춼1훐ꎬퟩ횯톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯릹돉쇋ퟩ횯뗄뚯첬쓜솦ꎬ랶쪽ꎬ듓쾵춳샭싛뗄쫓뷇ꎬ쳡돶쇋튻룶룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜ꎬퟩ횯튪쪹뚯첬쓜솦뿉돖탸ꎬ냑쫤죫뗄죋솦풴폐킧뮯늢듋뿲볜쏨쫶쇋죧뫎춨맽HR맜샭살믱좡뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ죧춼1쫤돶캪뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ뮹탨튪튻쳗폐킧뗄벤샸믺훆ꆣ듓벤샸뗄쯹쪾ꆣ 뷇뛈살뾴ꎬퟩ횯탐뚯ퟜ쫇튪럖뷢ꎬ닣닣실쪵떽늿쏅ꆢ췅뛓뮯쫤돶 쫤죫 뫍룶죋ꆣ죧맻췅뛓ꆢ룶죋뻟놸횪쪶뫍탐뚯쓜솦ꎬ캪ퟩ횯ퟷ 뺺헹폅쫆돶쇋릱쿗ꎬ떫ퟩ횯쎻폐튻쳗폐킧뗄벤샸믺훆ꎬ쟒쎻폐룸폨 죋솦풴 ퟩ횯톧쾰 릱쿗헟쿠펦뗄놨돪ꎬ쓇쎴릱쿗헟뗄믽벫탔뫍훷뚯탔뻍믡쫜•펯샻횸뇪 •폐볛횵 떽듲믷ꎬ쪹뫳탸뗄ퟩ횯톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯쓑틔돖탸ꆣ뮪캪ꆢ•좨틦횸뇪 •쾡좱 ퟩ횯탐뚯 마루뗈뷜돶웳튵ꎬ뻍쫇춨맽튻쳗폐킧뗄벤샸믺훆?샽죧킧싊•돉뎤횸뇪 •쓑틔쒣럂 릤ꆢ릫쮾컄뮯ꆢ웳튵쪹쏼뗈?살놣쇴뫍컼틽폐볛횵뗄풱릤ꆣ?벤샸믺훆 •펪퓋횸뇪 쫤돶 춼?훐ꎬퟩ횯뗄뮯쓜솦평ퟩ횯톧쾰ꆢퟩ횯탐뚯뫍벤춼1?룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜 샸믺훆릹돉ꎬ헢3쿮튪쯘쾵춳쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆢ쿠뮥펰쿬ꆣퟩ횯쫤죫뗄죋솦풴ꎬ뺭맽폐킧뗘뮯ꎬ뻍쓜쫤돶뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ 쫤죫 ퟩ횯뗄쫤돶킧맻평튻킩뿉뛈솿뗄횸뇪살뫢솿ꎬ훷튪폐펯샻춼1훐ꎬ쫤죫뗄죋솦풴닉폃Barney뫍Wright뗄VRIO횸뇪ꆢ좨틦횸뇪ꆢ돉뎤횸뇪ꆢ펪퓋횸뇪ꎬퟩ횯뿉룹뻝ퟔ짭럖컶뿲볜ꆣ듓“쫤죫ꆪ뮯ꆪ쫤돶”랶쪽살뾴ꎬ릫쮾뗄죋솦뗄뻟쳥쟩뿶뫍랢햹뷗뛎살짨뚨ꆣ펯샻횸뇪뛈솿웳튵뗄믱샻풴뿉쫓캪튻훖쫤죫ꎬ떫늢럇쯹폐뗄풴뚼쫇햽싔탍뗄ꏛ3ꏝ쓜솦ꎬ좨틦횸뇪듓막뚫뗄뷇뛈뫢솿웳튵뗄뺭펪ힴ뿶ꎬ릤짌풴ꎬ릫쮾쫤죫뗄죋솦풴ꎬ펦떱뻟놸뺺헹폅쫆잱솦뗄쳘ꏛ2ꏝ웳튵뗄쫗튪쒿뇪ꎬ뻍쫇펯샻뫍캪막뚫뒴퓬볛횵ꎻ돉뎤횸뇪헷ꆣ룹뻝Barney뫍Wright뗄럖컶ꎬ헢훖죋솦풴펦떱쫇뛈솿웳튵뗄돉뎤쓜솦ꎬ쪹웳튵볈뾼싇뛌웚샻틦ꎬ폖맘힢뎤폐볛횵ꆢ쾡좱뫍쓑틔쒣럂뗄ꆣ릫쮾뻟놸폐볛횵ꆢ쾡좱뫍쓑풶랢햹ꎻ펪퓋횸뇪뛈솿웳튵뗄쓚늿펪퓋쓜솦ꆣ 틔쒣럂뗄죋솦풴ꎬ횻쫇릫쮾믱뗃뺺헹폅쫆뗄뇘튪쳵볾ꎻ퓚쫐뎡ꆢ뿍뮧탨쟳뿬쯙뇤뮯뫍벼쫵뿬쯙룼탂뗄뮷뺳훐ꎬ튪쿫믱뗃뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ릫쮾뮹뇘탫뻟폐붫듋샠풴뮯캪뺺ퟩ횯늻뷶탨튪짆폚톧쾰ꆢ컼쫕탂뗄횪쪶ꆢ샭쓮ꆢ랽램뗈ꎬ헹폅쫆뗄쓜솦ꆣ 룼튪쓜뿋럾맟탔ꎬ냑ퟩ횯톧쾰뮯캪ퟩ횯탐뚯ꎻ룹뻝쓚늿 뮯 ퟩ횯쳵볾뫍췢늿뮷뺳닉폃탂벼쫵ꆢ탂랽램ꆢ탂릤틕ꎬ쪵쪩RBV샭싛듓뺲첬뗄뷇뛈쏨쫶쇋릫쮾풴뫍뺺헹폅쫆뗄탂쿮쒿살쳡룟ퟩ횯쓜솦ꎬ믱뗃뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ
뿆벼뷸늽폫뛔닟 2010쓪?· 148 · 20쫀볍90쓪듺돵ꎬ맺쓚뻸듳뛠쫽웳튵뮹늻횪ERP캪3 룄뷸VRIO뿲볜뗄뷸튻늽쳖싛 뫎컯ꆣ1996쓪ꎬ뮪캪ꆢ쏀뗄싊쿈퓚웳튵쪵쪩Oracle뗄ERPꎬ ퟩ횯톧쾰 헢쫇튻쿮믽벫뷸좡뗄ퟩ횯톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯ꆣ웤쪱ꎬ맺쓚벫ퟩ횯톧쾰횸뗄쫇쓜릻듙뷸ퟩ횯퓶볓횪쪶믲쳡짽ퟩ횯쫊웤좱랦ERP쪵쪩죋닅ꎬ쎻폐돉릦뗄뺭퇩뿉틔뷨본ꆣ쏀뗄ꆢ펦쓜솦ꆢ컼쫕쓜솦뗄믮뚯ꎬ샽죧엠통ꆢ쒣럂ꆢ쫔듭ꆢ뇟룉뮪캪뗄ERP쪵쪩맽돌ꎬ쫇Oracle쪵쪩맋컊뫍릫쮾쓚늿쪵쪩뇟톧ꆢ뇟폃뇟톧뗈ꆣBecker(1964)죏캪ꎬ엠통쫇쳡룟룶쳥톧췅뛓퓚뇟룉뇟톧ꆢ뇟폃뇟톧뗄맽돌훐췪돉뗄ꆣ춨맽Oracle 쾰ꎬ뷸뛸쳡짽죋솦놾믽샛뗄폐킧랽쪽ꆣ쒿잰ퟩ횯엠통틑ERP뗄돉릦쪵쪩ꎬퟩ횯늻뷶쳡룟쇋맜샭쓜솦뫍뺺헹솦ꎬ믱돉캪릤짌웳튵뾪랢죋솦풴ꎬ쳡룟ퟩ횯톧쾰뗄맘볼닟싔ꆣ뗃쇋쿈탐헟뗄폅쫆ꎬ뛸쟒엠퇸쇋듳엺볈뚮튵컱뫍맜샭ꎬ폖탭뛠웳튵럗럗붨솢엠통훐탄엠통풱릤뫍뺭샭뗄벼쓜뫍쇬떼뚮IT뗄죋닅ꆣ쫂쪵짏ꎬ맺쓚췢듳솿뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭쏷ꎬIT폫솦ꎬ샽죧춨폃뗧웸훸쏻뗄뿋싞뛙캬뛻엠통훐탄ꎬ늻뷶쏦쿲ퟩ횯탐캪ꆢ죋솦놾듦퓚뮥늹맘쾵ꎬ쓜쳡짽ퟩ횯벨킧뫍믱쓚늿풱릤ꎬ뮹쿲뿍뮧쳡릩엠통풴ꆣ ꏛ11–13ꏝ뗃뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ Alchian(1950)쫇뷏퓧싛쫶톧쾰뗄톧헟횮튻ꆣ쯻죏캪듦돉릦뗄웳튵ꎬ쫇쓇킩돖탸톧쾰ꎬ폂폚탐뚯뗄웳튵ꆣ릫퓚솽훖폐킧뗄톧쾰랽쪽ꎬ튻훖쫇쒣럂ꎬ튻훖쫇쫔듭ꆣ쒣럂쮾쪵쪩튻쿮잰햰뗄ퟩ횯탐뚯ꎬ죧쇷돌맜샭ꆢ웳튵벶IT쿮쒿뎣뎣쓜떼훂뒴탂ꎬ쫔듭쫇ퟩ횯쏦뛔늻좷뚨뗄뮷뺳쪱믱뗃돉쪵쪩뗈ꎬ뿉쫓캪ퟩ횯뒴탂ꆣ뒴탂볈뿉쫓캪ퟩ횯톧쾰ꎬ폖뿉릦뗄맘볼뻶뚨틲쯘ꆣ20쫀볍60–70쓪듺ꎬ쿣룛ꆢ첨췥ꆢ탂쫓캪ퟩ횯탐뚯ꆣ뒴탂쫇ퟩ횯퓚뇟뷧쓚톰헒뷇뗣뷢뗄맽돌ꎬ볓웂뫍죕놾퓚릤튵뮯맽돌훐듳뚼닉좡쒣럂닟싔ꎬ웤훐첨췥ꆢ뷇뗣뷢뗄ퟮ폅횵쫇럇솬탸뗄ꆣ헢훖톰헒뷇뗣뷢뗄맽돌쫇튻죕놾뗄뫜뛠릤짌웳튵믱뗃쇋뷏듳뗄돉릦ꎬ쪵쿖쇋벼쫵뒴탂훖탂뗄ퟩ횯쫔퇩ꎬ뷡맻쓑틔풤횪ꎬ춨뎣탨튪뢶돶늻럆뗄듺뫍닺튵짽벶ꆣ퓚쒣럂웤쯼웳튵쇬쿈뗄벼쫵ꆢ닺욷ꆢ쇷돌ꆢ볛ꎬ늢뿉쓜떼훂쪧냜ꎬ쯹틔ퟩ횯튪짆폚뿘훆탐뚯뗄럧쿕ꆣ릤틕ꆢ짨볆뗈믹뒡짏쪵쿖룄뷸뫍뒴탂ꎬ쫇튻룶뿉탐뗄닟싔ꎬ좻뛸ꎬ뛔폚듋샠돉릦뗄뒴탂ꎬ쫐뎡뎣뎣룸폨룟뛮믘놨ꎬ쪹샽죧캢죭뗄Windows닙ퟷ쾵춳쒣럂쇋욻맻릫쮾뗄춼탎닙ퟷ웳튵믱뗃맜샭쓜솦뗄쿔훸쳡짽ꎬ쪵쿖뿧풽쪽랢햹ꆣ 뷧쏦ꎬ웦죰QQ쒣럂쇋춨폃SPARK뎵탍뗄췢맛짨볆ꆣ 1998쓪ꎬ뮪캪뮨럑쫽잧췲쏀풪쟫IBM쳡릩IPD?벯돉뇟룉뇟톧ꆢ뇟폃뇟톧볈쫇ퟩ횯톧쾰맽돌ꎬ폖쫇ퟩ횯탐닺욷뾪랢?톯ꎬ쪵쪩맜샭쇷돌룄퓬ꎬIPD쿮쒿튻횱돖탸쇋뚯맽돌ꎬ샽죧쪵쪩튻룶탂뗄IT쿮쒿믲뾪랢튻룶탂닺욷ꆣ틔5쓪ꆣ뛔뮪캪뛸퇔ꎬIPD쫇튻쿮좫탂뗄ퟩ횯톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯ꎬ뾪랢탂닺욷캪샽ꎬ평폚죏횪ꆢ탅쾢뗈랽쏦뗄뻖쿞ꎬ릫쮾뾪틠쫇튻쿮맜샭뒴탂뫍ퟩ횯뒴탂믮뚯ꆣ뮪캪쪵쪩IPD뗄킧맻랢탂닺욷뎣뎣쫇뇟룉뇟톧뗄맽돌ꎬ웤뾪랢돶살뗄닺욷췹췹쪮럖쿔훸ꎺ닺욷뾪랢맜샭쓜솦듳럹쳡짽ꎻퟩ횯쿲쇋틔튵(듦퓚헢퇹쓇퇹뗄좱쿝ꆣ뛸살ퟔ맋뿍쪹폃뺭퇩뗄랴삡벴뇟폃컱쇷돌캪뫋탄뗄맜샭쒣쪽ꎻ엠퇸쇋듳엺뺫춨쇷돌맜샭뗄)뇟톧ꎬ쫇듙뷸ퟩ횯톧쾰뗄튻훖폐킧랽쪽ꎬ쯼쓜냯훺ퟩ횯룼볒ꎻ릫쮾듓벼쫵쟽뚯탍쿲쇋쫐뎡쟽뚯탍ꎻퟩ횯쓜솦믱뗃뫃뗘룄뷸닺욷ꆣ짆폃맋뿍랴삡뗄샽ퟓ쫇죭볾릫쮾ꎬ퓚랢늼쿔훸쳡짽ꎬ캪틔뫳뗄돖탸랢햹뗬뚨쇋볡쪵뗄믹뒡ꆣ 탂죭볾잰ꎬ죭볾릫쮾뎣뎣퓚췸짏랢늼닢쫔냦릩폃뮧쪹폃ꎬ 벤샸믺훆 믱좡랴삡탅쾢ꎬ듓뛸듙뷸ퟩ횯톧쾰뫍닺욷룄뷸ꆣ 듓벤샸뷇뛈살뾴ꎬ튻쳗폐킧뗄벤샸믺훆쓜릻컼틽뫍놣 ퟩ횯탐뚯 쇴풱릤ꆣ샽죧ꎬ풱릤듓쏀뗄벯췅샫횰뫳ꎬ폐튻킩믡훘탂믘ퟩ횯탐뚯쫇쓇킩쓜듙뷸ퟩ횯쳡짽쓜솦뫍뺺헹솦뗄믮뚯쇷떽쏀뗄벯췅ꎬ뿉볻쏀뗄벯췅붨솢쇋튻쳗폐킧뗄벤샸믺훆ꎬ믲쿮쒿ꎬ샽죧HR맜샭쪵볹ꆢ쇷돌맜샭ꆢ탅쾢벼쫵쪵쪩ꆢ컼틽뫍놣쇴쇋풱릤ꆣ튻쳗폐킧뗄벤샸믺훆ꎬ평튻킩뮥늹뗄뒴탂뗈ꆣ맺췢훚뛠톧헟뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭쏷ꎬ헐울ꆢ엠통ꆢ뾼튪쯘쾵춳릹돉ꎬ샽죧킧싊릤ꆢ릫쮾컄뮯ꆢ릫쮾쪹쏼뗈ꎻ뫋ꆢ킽돪뗈HR맜샭쪵볹뮥쿠욥엤쪱ꎬퟩ횯쓜믱뗃룼폅뗄뛸뷶욾떥룶벤샸틲쯘ꎬ샽죧릫쮾컄뮯ꎬ웤킧맻풶풶늻죧튻튵벨ꆣ맺쓚튻킩톧헟뗄퇐뺿ꎬ춬퇹쿔쪾쇋샠쯆뗄뷡맻ꎬ샽쳗뮥늹뗄ퟛ뫏쾵춳ꆣ떱릫쮾쪵쪩쒳쿮ퟩ횯탐뚯쪱ꎬퟩ횯뗄ꏛ9ꏝ죧탬맺뮪뫍퇮뚫쳎뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭쏷ꎬ횧돖탍죋솦풴쪵()벤샸믺훆죧뾼뫋ꆢ킽돪뗈펦ퟷ쫊떱뗄뗷헻ꎬ틔뇣엤뫏ퟩ횯ꏛ??ꏝ볹폫웳튵벨킧헽쿠맘ꎻ헅뫫뫍헔쫯쏷뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭쏷ꎬ탐뚯뗄쪵쪩ꆣ샽죧ꎬ1998쓪ꎬ뮪캪뾪쪼쪵쪩IPD쪱ꎬ릫쮾벤샸탍릤ퟷ짨볆ꆢ횰튵짺퇄맦뮮ꆢ랢햹움맀ꆢ풱릤닎폫킡쓚룷늿쏅쿠펦뗄엠통ꆢ뾼뫋ꆢ킽돪뗈벤샸쳥쾵쯦뫳뇣ퟷ돶ퟩ뗈HR맜샭쪵볹폫웳튵벨킧듦퓚헽쿠맘ꆣ 쿠펦뗄뗷헻ꎬ틔뇣엤뫏IPD뗄췆탐뫍쪵쪩ꆣ 떱릫쮾쪵쪩튻쿮훮죧쇷돌맜샭(BPM)ꆢIT쿮쒿횮샠뗄ퟩ횯탐뚯쪱ꎬHR늿쏅늻뷶튪퓚헐울ꆢ엠통ꆢ뾼뫋ꆢ킽돪뗈4 뷡싛 HR맜샭쪵볹랽쏦뷸탐엤뫏ꎬ뮹튪믽벫닎폫ퟩ횯탐뚯ꆣ릫쮾쫗쿈퓚튵쓚돉릦쪵쪩쒳쿮잰햰뗄ퟩ횯탐뚯ꎬ샽죧쇷돌맜샭ꆢ놾컄쳡돶쇋튻룶룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜ꆣ듋뿲볜뿉폃폚럖웳튵벶IT쿮쒿ꎬ늻뷶쓜릻쳡짽ퟩ횯쓜솦ꎬ뮹쓜릻쳡룟HR컶ퟩ횯죧뫎춨맽HR맜샭살믱좡뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ햽싔맜샭듳쪦뗄벼쓜ꆣ춬쪱ퟩ횯춨맽돖탸뗄톧쾰폫탐뚯ꎬ뷸튻늽만뮯뫍쏷듄늮룱퓚ꆶ햽싔쫖틕뮯ꆷ훐첸떽ꎬퟩ횯뗄햽싔뿉틔ퟔ랢폅뮯폫듋쿠맘뗄쓜솦ꎬ듓뛸믱뗃쿈탐헟뗄폅쫆ꎻ뛸쟒듋샠탎돉ꎬ헢훖ퟔ랢쪽햽싔살ퟔퟩ횯붥뷸퇝뮯뗄ퟔ랢쪽톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯춨뎣폫쳘뚨뗄샺쪷쳵볾쿠솪쾵ꎬ쪹뺺헹뛔쫖쓑틔탐뚯ꆣ룹뻝짏쫶쳖싛ꎬ놾컄닠훘폚냑ퟩ횯톧쾰쫓캪튻룶폐쒣럂ꆣ 탲뗄ꆢ폐볆뮮뗄ퟩ횯낲업맽돌ꎬ쎻폐퇐뺿ퟩ횯ퟔ랢톧쾰뗄
뗚?웚?슥죳욽ꎬ톦짹볒ꎺ죋솦풴폫뺺헹폅쫆ꎺ튻룶룄뷸뗄VRIO뿲볜?· 149 · 탎돉ꆢ킧맻뫍틢틥ꆣ 97–125. 퓚쪵볹훐ꎬ탭뛠릫쮾췹췹뫶싔ퟔ랢뗄ퟩ횯톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯ꏛ7ꏝ?WANG C LꎬP K capabilitiesꎺ a review and 탐뚯뗄틢틥ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퇐뺿ퟔ랢뗄ퟩ횯톧쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯ꎬ쫇research agendaꏛJꏝ.International journal of management 뫜폐틢틥뗄ꆣ놾컄뗄뫳탸퇐뺿ꎬ뿉뾼싇첽쳖ퟔ랢뗄ퟩ횯톧reviewꎬ 20079(1)ꎺ31–51. 쾰뫍ퟩ횯탐뚯뗄탎돉믺훆벰틢틥ꎬ튲뿉뾼싇쪵횤퇐뺿ꎬ뚨ꏛ8ꏝ?GANESH D. Bhattꎬ Varun Grover. Types of information 솿첽쳖ퟩ횯톧쾰ꆢퟩ횯탐뚯ꆢ벤샸믺훆폫웳튵벨킧ꆢ뺺헹technology capabilities and their role in competitive advantageꎺ 폅쫆횮볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ an empirical strudyꏛJꏝ. Journal of management information systemꎬ2005ꎬ22(2)ꎺ253–277. 닎뾼컄쿗ꎺ ꏛ9ꏝ?탬맺뮪ꎬ퇮뚫쳎.훆퓬웳튵뗄횧돖탔죋솦풴쪵볹ꆢ죡탔햽싔()폫릫쮾벨킧ꏛJꏝ.맜샭쫀뷧ꎬ20055. ꏛ1ꏝ?싵뿋뛻·늨쳘.뺺헹폅쫆ꏛMꏝ.놱뺩ꎺ뮪쿄돶냦짧ꎬ1997. ꏛ10ꏝ?헅뫫ꎬ헔쫯쏷.죋솦풴맜샭쪵볹폫웳튵벨킧—뮦짮솽쫐짺닺ꏛ2ꏝ?JAY B. BARNEYꎬ PATRICK M. becoming a 훆퓬탍웳튵뗄쪵횤퇐뺿ꏛJꏝ.풤닢ꎬ2006(4). strategic partnerꎺ the role of human resources in gaining ꏛ11ꏝ?LORIN M. HITTꎬERIK BRYNJOLFSSON. Information competitive advantageꏛJꏝ.Human resource managementꎬ1998ꎬtechnology and internal firm organizationꎺ an exploratory 37(1)ꎺ31–46. analysisꎬ Journal of Management Information Systemsꎬ1997ꎬꏛ3ꏝ?JAY Resources and sustained competitive 14(2)ꎺ81–101. advantageꏛJꏝ. Journal of managementꎬ 1991ꎬ17(1)ꎺ99–120. ꏛ12ꏝ?ERIK BRYNJOLFSSONꎬ LORIN M. HITTꎬ SHINKYU ꏛ4ꏝ?TEECEꎬ D Jꎬ G PISANOꎬ A SHUEN. Dynamic capabilities YANG. Intangible assetsꎺ how the interaction of computers and and strategic managementꏛJꏝ.Strategic management journalꎬ organizational structure affects stock market valuations1997(18)ꎺ509–533. ꏛCꏝ.Proceedings of the International Conference on ꏛ5ꏝ?ADWAITA GOVIND MENON. Revisting dynamic capabilityInformation Systemsꎬ 1998. ꏛJꏝ.IIMB Management Reviewꎬ2008(3). ꏛ13ꏝ?췴뻼ꎬ헅캬펭ꎬ훜샨낲.탅쾢벼쫵ꆢퟩ횯뇤룯폫짺닺벨킧ꏛJꏝ.ꏛ6ꏝ?ZOTT capabilities and the emergence of 뺭볃퇐뺿ꎬ2006(1). intra–industry differential firm performanceꎺ insights from a (퓰죎뇠벭ꎺ닩뺧뺧) ()simulation studyꏛJꏝ.Strategic management journalꎬ2003ꎬ241ꎺHuman Resource and Competitive Advantages: An Improved VRIO Framework Lou Runping, Xue Shengjia (Management school of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China) Abstract: Based on RBV and dynamics capabilities theories and from the view of system theory, this paper adopted the classical ‘input-transformation-output’ paradigm to propose an improved VRIO framework which described how to gain competitive advantages through HR management. The implication of this improved VRIO framework was that: the input of human resources is based on the VRIO framework; the transformation capabilities is consist of organization learning, organization action, and incentive system that interact each other; the input of human resource becomes the output of competitive advantage though effective transformation. Key Words: Human Resource; Competitive Advantage; Organization Learning; Organization Activetity; VRIO Framework
