뗚17뻭ꆡ뗚4웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ,쓪ꆡꆡ8퓂ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ훐맺맜샭뿆톧ChineseJournalofManagementScienceAug.,ꆡ2009컄헂뇠뫅:1003-207(2009)04-0141-07얩뗘쇷붻틗뗄쫐뎡뻹뫢럖컶훓ꆡ쇖1,2,쳆킡컒1(1.뗧ퟓ뿆벼듳톧뺭볃폫맜샭톧풺,쯄뒨돉뚼ꆡ610054;2.쯄뒨붨훾횰튵벼쫵톧풺뺭볃맜샭쾵,쯄뒨뗂퇴ꆡ618000)햪ꆡ튪:캪쇋싟벭튻훂뗘샭뷢얩뗘쇷붻틗훐펰쿬얩뗘릩룸뫍탨쟳틢풸뗄틲쯘,틔벰쫐뎡솦솿뛔췁뗘뻹뫢붻틗솿ꆢ붻틗볛룱뫍뺭볃킧싊뗄ퟷ폃,붨솢믹폚얩뮧뫍웳튵ퟮ폅뻶닟뗄탨쟳ꆪ릩룸쒣탍,늢쟳뷢뫍럖컶쒣탍뗄뻹뫢ꆣ뷡맻뇭쏷:(1)룸뚨펰쿬췁뗘릩룸뫍탨쟳틢풸뗄틲쯘,폫뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뇈뷏,슢뛏붫떼훂뻹뫢붻틗솿뫍뻹뫢붻틗볛룱쿂붵,늢쪹뺭볃킧싊붵뗍;(2)룸뚨웤쯻틲쯘,튻룶(펰쿬췁뗘릩룸믲탨쟳틢풸뗄)틲쯘퓚뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뫍슢뛏쫐뎡훐뛔뻹뫢붻틗솿뫍붻틗볛룱뗄펰쿬랽쿲튻훂ꆣ맘볼듊:얩뗘쇷;릩룸틢풸;탨쟳틢풸;뻹뫢훐춼럖샠뫅:F224132;F1231ꆡꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:A틬뮯쏷쿔[2,3]ꆣ2005쓪,좫맺틔룷훖탎쪽쇷돐냼1ꆡ틽퇔뺭펪좨뗄룻뗘풼햼돐냼룻뗘ퟜ쏦믽뗄5%ꆫ6%[4]ꆣ얩뗘쇷쫇횸펵폐얩뗘돐냼뺭펪좨뗄얩뮧놣쇴헢훖쿖ힴ쪹뗃퇐뺿헟벯훐퇐뺿펰쿬췁뗘쇷붻틗맦돐냼좨,붫췁뗘뺭펪좨(쪹폃좨)죃룸쯻죋(놾컄돆쒣뗄틲쯘ꆣ쿖폐맺쓚컄쿗뗄퇐뺿뷡맻듳훂뿉틔맩쓉횮캪웳튵),늢듓훐믱좡쫕틦뗄뺭볃탐캪[1]ꆣ튻랽캪죧쿂죽룶랽쏦:(1)췁뗘뗄짺믮놣헏릦쓜[5]ꆢ럇얩쏦,쯦ퟅ쿖듺뮯얩튵벼쫵뗄듳맦쒣펦폃뫍얩튵짺닺튪쯘?뢳뫍웤쯻뻍튵쟾뗀[6]ꆢ죃췁뗘뗄돉놾[7,8]뗈킧싊뗄쳡룟,튻킩뻟폐벼쫵뫍뷰폅쫆뗄룶죋(ퟩ쫇펰쿬얩뮧췁뗘릩룸틢풸뗄훷튪풭틲;(2)얩튵듳뮧횯)폐쇋뛔얩뗘맦쒣뮯뺭펪뗄탨쟳틢풸;쇭튻랽쏦,(얩튵웳튵볒)쫽솿[9]뫍뗘좨컈뚨탔[10]쫇펰쿬웳튵쯦ퟅ얩듥뢻폠샍뚯솦뗄쇷뚯,얩닺욷볛룱ퟟ뗍,쪹췁탨쟳틢풸뗄훘튪틲쯘;(3)훐맺얩뗘훆뛈좱쿝(죧닺뗘뛔얩쏱짺닺ꆢ짺믮뗄훘튪탔폐쯹쿂붵,듓뛸쪹뗃펵좨닐좱[10]ꆢ얩뗘쇷뗄훆뛈늻엤쳗[11]ꆢ샻틦훷쳥뗄폐얩뗘돐냼뺭펪좨뗄얩뮧폐쇋췁뗘뗄릩룸틢풸ꆣ헢탩뮯[12]ꆢ쫐뎡훐뷩믺릹뫍헾뢮뷇즫듭캻[13]뗈)ퟨ낭틢캶ퟅ,듓쫐뎡붻틗뷇뛈뾴,얩뗘뺭펪좨(쪹폃좨)뗄쇋얩뗘쪹폃좨쫐뎡랢폽,듓뛸뛔컒맺얩뗘쫐뎡쇷쇷뻟폐믹놾뗄붻틗믹뒡ꆣ쪵볊짏,맺볒헾닟(죧떳듸살늻샻펰쿬ꆣ뗄쪮웟뷬죽훐좫믡춨맽뗄ꆶ훐릲훐퇫맘폚췆뷸얩듥맺췢뗄퇐뺿컄쿗훷튪벯훐쳖싛죧쿂솽룶컊쳢ꆣ룄룯랢햹죴룉훘듳컊쳢뗄뻶뚨ꆷ)퓊탭늢맄샸얩쏱붫(1)췁뗘쇷뗄벨킧ꆣ샽죧,컄쿗[14]뛔훐맺얩뗘쇷췁뗘쪹폃좨틔냼ꆢ죃ꆢ뮥뮻ꆢ죫막ꆢ돶ퟢ뗈랽쪽쪵뗄퇐뺿뇭쏷,췁뗘쇷뻟폐뇟볊삭욽킧펦뫍붻틗쿖쇷ꆣ쫕틦킧펦;컄쿗[15]횸돶,폫췁뗘싲싴뇈뷏,췁뗘ퟢ좻뛸,벴쪹맺볒헾닟퓊탭췁뗘쇷붻틗늢쟒췁쇞뿉틔좡뗃룼뫃뗄벨킧ꆣ(2)얩뗘쇷펰쿬틲쯘ꆣ뗘쇷붻틗쫐뎡훐붻틗훷쳥뻟폐붻틗틢풸,떫컒맺퇐뺿뇭쏷,닺좨뗄늻췪헻탔[16,17]뫍붻틗돉놾[17,18]얩뗘쇷뗄쫽솿뫍맦쒣죔좻럇뎣폐쿞,늢쟒쟸폲닮룟쫇펰쿬얩뗘쇷뗄솽룶훷튪틲쯘ꆣ맩쓉웰살,헢킩컄쿗뷡맻뗄쪵훊쫇,튻랽쏦쳖싛ꆡꆡ쫕룥죕웚:2009-05-10;탞뚩죕웚:2009-07-07룷훖펰쿬릩탨틢풸뗄틲쯘뫍훆뛈틲쯘죧뫎펰쿬얩뗘믹뷰쿮쒿:맺볒ퟔ좻뿆톧믹뷰훺쿮쒿(70702025);뷌폽늿늩쪿뗣믹뷰훺쿮쒿쇷붻틗뗄맦쒣,쇭튻랽쏦,맘힢헢킩틲쯘(쳘뇰쫇(20060614023)ퟷ헟볲뷩:훓쇖(1968-),쓐(몺ퟥ)훆뛈틲쯘)뛔얩뗘쇷붻틗뗄뺭볃킧싊뗄펰쿬ꆣ떫,쯄뒨역훝쫐죋,뗧ퟓ뿆벼듳톧뺭볃폫맜샭톧풺늩쪿짺,쯄뒨붨훾횰튵벼쫵톧풺뺭쫇,헢킩틔쪵횤(뺭퇩)퇐뺿캪믹뒡뗄뷡맻쓑틔싟벭볃맜샭쾵뢱뷌쫚,퇐뺿랽쿲:맜샭뺭볃럖컶ꆢ랿뗘닺뷰죚튻훂뗘뷢쫍룷훖틲쯘죧뫎펰쿬붻틗뷡맻(붻틗뗄돉붻솿ꆢ돉붻볛룱뫍붻틗뗄뺭볃킧싊)ꆣ놾컄쾣췻샭뷢
ꆤ142ꆤ훐맺맜샭뿆톧ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ2009쓪(1)퓚룸뚨펰쿬릩룸뫍탨쟳틢풸뗄틲쯘뗄쳵볾쿂,쫐쪽훐,s(>0)풽듳,룃얩뮧떥캻얩닺욷듸살뗄뎡솦솿죧뫎펰쿬얩뗘쇷쫐뎡뗄뻹뫢붻틗솿ꆢ뻹뫢킧폃쮮욽풽룟,틲뛸s듺뇭쇋폃ퟔ벺뗄췁뗘짺닺뗄붻틗볛룱뫍뺭볃킧싊;(2)퓚룸뚨쫐뎡솦솿뗄쳵볾얩닺욷뛔얩뮧뗄훘튪탔ꆣ죧맻뷸튻늽붫얩뮧쪹폃ퟔ쿂,벸룶펰쿬릩룸틢풸뗄훷튪틲쯘(얩뮧룻ퟷ췁뗘뗄벺뗄췁뗘짺닺뗄얩닺욷뾴ퟷ뛔얩뮧짺믮뢣샻(Well2킧싊ꆢ웤쯻뻍쟾뗀뗄릤뫍췁뗘뛔얩뮧뗄놣헏릦쓜)being)뗄튻훖놣헏,퓲s듺뇭쇋췁뗘뛔얩뮧뗄놣헏뫍펰쿬탨쟳틢풸뗄틲쯘(얩닺욷쫐뎡뗄볛룱ꆢ웳튵뗄릦쓜:뷏듳뗄s뛔펦뷏룟뗄놣헏릦쓜ꆣ벼쫵믲헟벯풼뮯짺닺폅쫆)죧뫎펰쿬얩뗘쇷쫐뎡평쪽(1)-(3)뿉횪,룃얩뮧뗄ퟜ쫕죫캪Rn=뗄뻹뫢붻틗솿뫍뻹뫢붻틗볛룱ꆣ뻟쳥퇐뺿늽훨죧Rnl+Rllꆣ틲듋,룃얩뮧뗄췁뗘죃탐캪뿉틔뇭쫶쿂:쫗쿈붨솢얩뮧뗄췁뗘쇷훐뗄릩룸탐캪(볲돆췁캪,톡퓱췁뗘죃뗄쫽솿틔ퟮ듳뮯ퟔ벺뗄ퟜ킧폃,벴뗘릩룸)쒣탍;좻뫳,폃슢뛏뫍췪좫뺺헹쏨쫶웳튵뗄쫐뎡솦솿뗄닮틬,럖뇰붨솢쿠펦뗄웳튵퓚췁뗘쇷max{rl+w[Tꛂ0-t(l0-l)]+s(l0-l)}(4)l훐뗄탨쟳탐캪(볲돆췁뗘탨쟳)쒣탍,듓뛸믱뗃쿠펦ퟮ듳뮯컊쳢(4)뗄튻뷗쳵볾뫍뛾뷗쳵볾럖뇰캪뗄뻹뫢붻틗솿뫍붻틗볛룱;ퟮ뫳,뛔쫐뎡붻틗뻹뫢뷸dRn탐럖컶=r+wt-ꛂꛂ-1s(l0-l)=0(5),틔뷒쪾(1)퓚룸뚨펰쿬릩룸뫍탨쟳틢풸뗄틲dl쯘뗄쳵볾쿂2,쫐뎡솦솿죧뫎펰쿬얩뗘쇷쫐뎡뗄뻹dRnꛂ-22=ꛂs(ꛂ-1)(l0-l)<0뫢붻틗솿ꆢ뻹뫢붻틗볛룱뫍뺭볃킧싊dl;(2)퓚룸뚨쫐뎡솦솿뗄쳵볾쿂,펰쿬릩룸뫍탨쟳틢풸뗄틲쯘죧뫎쪽훐,뛾뷗쳵볾살풴폚볙뚨ꛂ<1ꆣ펰쿬얩뗘쇷쫐뎡뗄뻹뫢붻틗솿뫍뻹뫢붻틗볛룱ꆣ평쪽(5)뿉횪,룃얩뮧뗄췁뗘릩룸몯쫽캪l=r+wtl0-(6)2ꆡ얩뮧뗄췁뗘릩룸탐캪sꛂꛂ1-1뾼싇튻룶폐펦떱횸돶,쪽(6)뇭쪾뗄얩뮧췁뗘릩룸몯쫽훐쎻N볒얩뮧뗄뗘쟸ꆣ튻룶듺뇭탔얩뮧펵폐뗄췁뗘쫽솿캪l0(듓뛸룃뗘쟸쯹폐얩뮧펵폐폐냼몬얩닺욷뗄볛룱ꆣ쫂쪵짏,평폚얩뮧샻폃췁뗘뗄췁뗘ퟜ솿캪뷸탐짺닺믹놾짏뿉틔뾴돉튻훖쳡릩짺믮놣헏뗄쫖뛎L0=Nl0),늢쟒쯻룻ퟷ떥캻췁뗘탨튪뗄샍뚯쪱볤t(뇭쪾얩뮧룻ퟷ췁뗘뗄킧싊(쪽(3)훐뗄ꆰsꆱ뇭쪾쇋헢훖놣헏릦쓜뗄볛횵),틲)ꆣ뛔폚튻룶룸뚨뗄웚볤(뇈죧,튻쓪듋,듓췁뗘놣헏릦쓜뗄뷇뛈,캪ퟰ훘쿖쪵싟벭,캴횱),볙짨룃얩뮧뿉틔폃폚샍뚯뗄ퟜ쪱볤캪T0,늢쟒쯻뗄ퟜ쪱볤뿉틔퓚ퟔ벺뷓붫얩닺욷볛룱(튻훖얩뮧춶죫췁뗘짺닺뗄볛횵뇭룻ퟷ얩뗘뫍웤쯻뻍튵쟾뗀(뇈죧,췢돶듲릤)횮볤럖듯랽쪽)쓉죫얩뮧췁뗘릩룸탐캪뗄뇭듯훐,뛸틽죫엤ꆣ죧맻룃얩뮧죃췁뗘뗄쫽솿캪l,퓲쯻룻ퟷ췁ꆰsꆱퟷ캪웤쳦듺틲ퟓꆣ뗘쯹탨튪뗄샍뚯쪱볤캪뷸튻늽,평쪽(6)뿉횪,룃뗘쟸(N볒얩뮧)뗄췁t(l0-l),듓뛸폃폚웤쯻뻍튵쟾뗀뗄샍뚯쪱볤캪뗘ퟜ릩룸몯쫽캪T0-t(l0-l)ꆣ죧맻췁뗘죃뗄볛룱뫍웤쯻뻍튵쟾뗀뗄떥캻쪱볤릤럖뇰캪rL=L0-Nr+wꛂ1t-1sꛂ(7)뫍w,룃얩뮧죃췁뗘뫍웤쯻뻍튵쟾뗀믱뗃뗄쫕죫횮뫍캪평폚ꛂ<1뫍쪽(7)뿉뗃2-ꛂ5LRn=N(ꛂ1s)1-ꛂ(r+wt)ꛂ-1-l=rl+w[T0-t(l0-l)](1)5rꛂ>0-1췁뗘뗄믹놾닺돶몯쫽(벴,쪹폃쒿잰듦퓚뗄믹놾얩튵짺닺벼쫵뛸떼훂뗄짺닺몯쫽5Lꛂ2-ꛂ=Nt(ꛂ1s)1-(r+wt)ꛂ-1)캪-5wꛂ>0-1q=f(x)=ꛂx,(0<ꛂ<1)(2)5L쪽훐=Nw(ꛂ1s)1-ꛂ(r+wt)ꛂ2-ꛂ-1-,x캪얩뮧뗄췁뗘춶죫솿,볙짨ꛂ<1폃폚5tꛂ>0-1뇭쫶얩튵짺닺벼쫵돊쿖뇟볊쫕틦뗝복뗄쳘헷ꆣ15L-1ꛂ=Nr+wꛂt볙짨췁뗘뛔얩뮧뻟폐놣헏릦쓜,헢훖놣헏릦쓜-s1-ꛂ<05s1-ꛂꛂ폃떥캻얩닺욷캪룃얩뮧듸살뗄킧폃s(틔믵뇒캪떥맩쓉웰살,폐죧쿂쏼쳢ꆣ캻)살쏨쫶,퓲룃얩뮧춶죫췁뗘짺닺얩닺욷듸살뗄킧쏼쳢1:웤쯻쳵볾늻뇤,룃뗘쟸뗄췁뗘릩룸솿폃캪(L)쯦ퟅ췁뗘죃볛룱(r)뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ웤Rll=ꛂsf(l0-l)=s(l0-l)(3)쯼뻍튵쟾뗀뗄릤(w)퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ얩뮧룻ퟷ
뗚4웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ훓쇖뗈:얩뗘쇷붻틗뗄쫐뎡뻹뫢럖컶ꆤ143ꆤ떥캻췁뗘쯹탨뗄쪱볤(t)퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ떥캻얩Lc)뗄쳵볾캪닺욷뗄얩뮧킧폃(s)뗄퓶볓뛸복킡ꆣꛂ1-11쏼쳢L0-Nr+wt1룸돶쇋췁뗘릩룸몯쫽뗄믹놾쳘헷ꆣ췁뗘sꛂ=rꛂ1-(10)pkꛂ릩룸솿폫췁뗘죃볛룱횮볤뗄맘쾵럻뫏믹놾뗄뺭볃쟳뷢듋랽돌뿉뗃뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄뻹뫢볛룱톧풭샭ꆣ췁뗘릩룸솿쯦ퟅ웤쯼뻍튵쟾뗀뗄릤뗄퓶(볇캪Erc),늢붫듺죫췁뗘릩룸쟺쿟뿉뗃뻹뫢뗄췁뗘볓뛸퓶볓뗄풭틲쫇,웤쯻뻍튵쟾뗀뗄릤풽룟,얩뮧붻틗솿(LEc)ꆣ붫복짙룻ퟷ췁뗘뗄쪱볤,듓뛸죃췁뗘뗄쫽솿퓶볓312ꆡ웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡(ퟔ벺룻ퟷ췁뗘쫽솿복킡)ꆣ췁뗘릩룸솿폫얩뮧룻ퟷ뛔폚웳튵슢뛏췁뗘쫐뎡,웳튵뗄샻죳ퟮ듳뮯탐떥캻췁뗘쯹탨뗄쪱볤횮볤맘쾵뿉놻뷢쫍캪,룻ퟷ떥캪뿉틔쏨쫶캪캻췁뗘쯹탨뗄쪱볤풽뎤,얩뮧ퟔ벺룻ퟷ췁뗘뗄믺믡ꛂ돉놾maxRF=maxpkLꛂm-ꛂL-10-LmsLmLmN-wtLm(듓웤쯼뻍튵쟾뗀믱뗃뗄릤쯰쪧)풽룟,듓뛸풸틢퓶볓죃췁뗘뗄쫽솿(복킡ퟔ벺룻ퟷ췁뗘쫽쪽훐,쿂뇪ꆰmꆱ듺뇭웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡ꆣ솿)ꆣퟮ뫳,평폚췁뗘뗄놣헏릦쓜퓶볓붫복킡죃췁룃ퟮ듳뮯컊쳢튻뷗쳵볾뫍뛾뷗쳵볾럖뇰캪뗘뗄틢풸,뷸뛸떼훂췁뗘릩룸솿복킡ꆣꛂ-1dRF=ꛂꛂ0-LmpkL-1Lm-sdLmN3ꆡ웳튵뗄췁뗘탨쟳탐캪폫췁뗘쫐뎡뻹뫢ꛂ-2(ꛂ+-1)sLmL0-Lm놾뷚붫뛔뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뫍슢뛏췁뗘쫐뎡솽훖NN+wt=0(11)2쟩탎럖뇰쳖싛웳튵뗄췁뗘탨쟳탐캪뫍쿠펦뗄췁뗘쫐dRF뎡뻹뫢ꆣ얩닺욷뗄쫐뎡볛룱캪dL2=ꛂ2sL0-Lꛂ-2m(ꛂ-1)pkLꛂ-2m+mNNp,볙짨(1):웳튵퓚-3얩닺욷쫐뎡췪좫뺺헹(ꛂ-2)sLmL0-Lꛂm,헢튻볙짨쫇믹폚얩닺욷놾짭-N2N<0쫇튻샠닮틬뮯돌뛈늻룟뗄닺욷,듓뛸횱뷓닉폃뺭뗤쪽훐,뛾뷗쳵볾살풴폚볙뚨ꛂ<1ꆣ캢맛뺭볃톧뗄볙뚨;볙짨(2):웳튵샻폃췁뗘뷸탐짺평ꛂ<1뿉횪닺(쿠뛔웕춨얩뮧)뻟폐얩튵짺닺벼쫵폅쫆뫍뷏룟킧싊,헢튻볙짨럻뫏얩뗘쇷뗄믹놾뚯틲(헽틲캪웳튵ꛂꛂ-11L0limdRF=ꛂpklimm-sLmꇺ0dLmLmꇺL-0N+wt뻟폐헢퇹뗄폅쫆뫍킧싊닅쪹뗃얩뗘쇷돉캪뿉쓜)ꆣ=+ꇞ퓲웳튵춶죫췁뗘뗄닺돶몯쫽캪dRFꛂ-1(ꛂ-1)sLlim=ꛂpkL0+0ꇁq=kf(l)=ꛂkl,(0<ꛂ<1)LmꇺL0dLmN쪽훐ꛂ-2,k>1폃폚쏨쫶웳튵쿠뛔폚웕춨얩뮧뻟0-Lm폐룼룟뗄얩튵짺닺벼쫵믲헟벯풼뮯짺닺폅쫆ꆣlimLLmꇺL0N+wt=-ꇞ311ꆡ뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡퓙뛾뷗쳵볾뿉횪,튻뷗쳵볾퓚쟸볤[0,L0]짏폐뛔폚뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡,웳튵뗄샻죳ퟮ듳뮯탐캪쟒뷶폐튻룶뷢LEm,벴웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡짏뻹뫢뿉틔쏨쫶캪뗄췁뗘붻틗솿ꆣ늢붫횮듺죫췁뗘릩룸쟺쿟뿉뗃뻹뫢mꛂaxRF=max{pkLc-rLc}뗄췁뗘붻틗볛룱E(rm)ꆣLLcc쪽훐,쿂뇪ꆰcꆱ듺뇭뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡ꆣ4ꆡ럖컶췁뗘쫐뎡뻹뫢룃ퟮ듳뮯컊쳢튻뷗쳵볾뫍뛾뷗쳵볾럖뇰캪411뇈뷏뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡폫웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡뻹dRF=ꛂ-1pkꛂLc-r=0(8)dLc뫢2dRF쫗쿈뇈뷏뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뫍웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐dL2=ꛂ2pꛂ(ꛂ-1)L-c<0c뎡뗄뻹뫢붻틗솿ꆣ평쪽(7)ꆢ쪽(9)뫍쪽(10)뿉횪,뺺쪽훐,뛾뷗쳵볾살풴폚볙뚨ꛂ<1ꆣ헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄뻹뫢쳵볾뿉룄킴캪평쪽(8)뿉횪,뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡탨쟳몯쫽캪Lꛂ-10-LcꛂsN-pkL-1c=wtꛂ(12)ꛂ1-1Lc=r(9)pkꛂ웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡뗄뻹뫢쳵볾(쪽(11))뿉룄룹뻝쪽(7)뫍쪽(9)뿉횪,췁뗘쫐뎡돶쟥(L=킴캪
ꆤ144ꆤ훐맺맜샭뿆톧ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ2009쓪Lꛂ-10-Lm(ꛂ-1)Lm뗄놣헏릦쓜;얩닺욷쫐뎡뗄볛룱ꆢ웳튵뗄얩튵짺닺벼sN-ꇁN쫵믲헟벯풼뮯짺닺폅쫆)뛔쫐뎡뻹뫢뗄펰쿬(벴뇈뷏ꛂL-20-Lmꛂ뺲첬럖컶)ꆣ쫗쿈럖컶뛔뻹뫢붻틗솿뗄펰쿬ꆣN-pkL-1m=wtꛂ(13)쇮뛔폚뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,랽돌(12)틢캶ퟅ뻹뫢뗄붻틗솿LEc싺ퟣg(LEc)=0ꆣ평쪽(14)뿉횪Lꛂ-10-yꛂ-1wtg(y)=sN-pky-ꛂ,5g/5LEc>0ꆣ뷸튻늽볆쯣뿉뗃ꛂ5gL-10-y(ꛂ-1)y=ꛂ-1-p(LEc)<5g0,=t5g-ꛂ<0,=-h(y)=sN-Nꇁ5k5w5twꛂ-1dt5gLꛂ-20-yꛂ-1wtN-pky-ꛂꛂ<0,=L0-y5sN>5g0,=ꛂ-1-ky<5p퓲뛔죎틢뗄0yꇊ(0,L0),폐ꛂ-2틲듋,평g(LEc)=0뿉틔뗃떽죧쿂뇈뷏뺲첬맘)syL0-yg(y)-h(y)=(ꛂ-1NN<0쾵:늢쟒dLEc=5g/5kLEc-E>d5g/5w0,=-0,dk5g/5Lcdw5g/5LE>cgꇤ(y)=(1-ꛂꛂ-2)sL0-yꛂ1-2-ꛂ)pkyNN+(dLEEc=5g/5tc-=5g/5s-dt5g/5LE>dLdLEc0,0,cds5g/5LE<>cdp0(14)=5g/5p-hꇤ(y)=2(1-ꛂꛂ-2)sL0-yꛂ1-2-ꛂ)pkyNN+(5g/5LE>0cꛂ맩쓉웰살,폐죧쿂쏼쳢ꆣ-3(ꛂ-2)syL0-y->0(15)N2N쏼쳢3:웤쯻쳵볾늻뇤,뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄뻹뫢틲듋붻틗솿(LEc)쯦ퟅ웳튵뻟폐벼쫵믲헟벯풼뮯짺닺폅,랽돌(12)(뗈볛폚g(y)=0)뗄뷢듳폚랽돌(13)(뗈볛폚h쫆(k)뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ웤쯼뻍튵쟾뗀뗄릤(w(y)=0)뗄뷢,벴LEc>LEmꆣ뷸튻늽,붫듋뷡맻듺죫췁뗘릩룸몯쫽뿉뗃EE)뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ얩뮧룻ퟷ떥캻췁뗘쯹탨뗄쪱볤rc>rmꆣ맩쓉웰살,폐죧쿂쏼쳢ꆣ(t)뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ췁뗘뗄놣헏릦쓜(s)뗄퓶쏼쳢2볓뛸복킡;쯦ퟅ얩닺욷쫐뎡볛룱(p)뗄퓶볓뛸퓶:쿠뛔폚뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,웳튵퓚췁뗘쫐뎡짏뗄슢뛏붫떼훂췁뗘붻틗솿쿂붵,췁뗘붻볓ꆣ틗뗄볛룱튲쿂붵ꆣ쏼쳢3룸돶쇋췢짺뇤솿뛔폚뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쏼쳢2뇭쏷뻹뫢붻틗솿뗄펰쿬ꆣ웤쯻쳵볾늻뇤,k뫍p뗄퓶볓,뛔폚죎틢룸뚨뗄맘폚릩룸뫍탨쟳틢풸뗄췢짺닎쫽,웳튵(췁뗘쇷쫐뎡뗄탨쟳랽)퓚붫떼훂췁뗘탨쟳쟺쿟폒틆,듓뛸떼훂뻹뫢붻틗솿퓶췁뗘쫐뎡짏뗄쫐뎡솦솿(MarketPower)쪹뗃쫇펰볓;wꆢt뫍s뗄퓶볓붫떼훂췁뗘릩룸쟺쿟폒틆,틲쿬췁뗘붻틗솿뫍붻틗볛룱뗄튻룶훘튪뗄틲쯘ꆣ떱웳뛸뻹뫢붻틗솿퓶볓ꆣ튵펵폐췁뗘쫐뎡뗄슢뛏솦솿쪱,췁뗘붻틗뗄뻹뫢볛뛔폚웳튵슢뛏췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,랽돌(13)틢캶룱뫍뻹뫢쫽솿뻹붵뗍ꆣ평폚쫐뎡슢뛏솦솿붫떼훂쫐ퟅ뻹뫢뗄붻틗솿LEm싺ퟣh(LEm)=0ꆣ평쪽(15)뿉뎡붻틗킧싊붵뗍,듓뛸헢훖붻틗솿뫍붻틗볛룱뗄붵횪5h/5LEm>0ꆣ샠쯆폚뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,폐뗍틢캶ퟅ췁뗘쇷붻틗뗄킧싊붵뗍ꆣ틲듋,헾뢮퓚dLEEm=5h/5km-=5h/5w-dk5h/5LE>dL0,,맜샭췁뗘쇷쫐뎡쪱mdw5h/5LE>0m,죧맻맘힢췁뗘쇷붻틗뗄킧싊,퓲늻펦떱쫗쿈뾼싇맘폚릩룸뫍탨쟳틢풸뗄췢짺dLEEm=5h/5t->dLmdLEm0,=5h/5s-,dt5h/5LEmds5h/5LE<0mdp닎쫽,뛸펦떱쿞훆웳튵(탨쟳랽)뗄쫐뎡솦솿,틔쳡룟췁뗘붻틗뗄쫽솿뫍쿠펦뗄붻틗볛룱(틢캶ퟅ얩뮧뗄=5h/5p-5h/5LE>0m퓚췁뗘쫐뎡짏뗄붻틗쫕죫쳡룟),듓뛸쳡룟췁뗘쇷틲듋폐죧쿂쏼쳢ꆣ붻틗킧싊ꆣ쏼쳢4:웤쯻쳵볾늻뇤,웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡뗄412ꆡ췁뗘쇷뻹뫢붻틗솿뗄뇈뷏뺲첬럖컶뻹뫢붻틗솿(LEm)쯦ퟅ웳튵뻟폐벼쫵믲헟벯풼뮯짺쿂쏦럖컶펰쿬릩탨뗄벸룶훘튪뗄췢짺뇤솿(얩닺폅쫆(k)뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ웤쯼뻍튵쟾뗀뗄릤뮧룻ퟷ췁뗘뗄킧싊ꆢ웤쯻뻍쟾뗀뗄릤ꆢ췁뗘뛔얩뮧(w)뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ얩뮧룻ퟷ떥캻췁뗘쯹탨
뗚4웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ훓쇖뗈:얩뗘쇷붻틗뗄쫐뎡뻹뫢럖컶ꆤ145ꆤ뗄쪱볤(t)뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓;쯦ퟅ췁뗘뗄놣헏릦쓜쫗쿈,쳖싛k뫍p뛔뻹뫢붻틗볛룱Erm뗄뇈뷏뺲(s)뗄퓶볓뛸복킡;쯦ퟅ얩닺욷쫐뎡볛룱(p)뗄퓶첬ꆣ평폚k뫍p뛔늻믡떼훂췁뗘릩룸쟺쿟틆뚯,듓볓뛸퓶볓ꆣ뛸평릩룸쟺쿟쿲킱짏랽쟣킱뗄탔훊뿉횪EEdrm/dLm뛔뇈쏼쳢3뫍쏼쳢4뿉횪,늻싛쫇뺺헹탔췁뗘>0,퓙평쏼쳢4뿉뗃쫐뎡뗄쟩탎EEEE,뮹쫇웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,췢짺drm뇤솿뛔뻹뫢붻틗솿뗄펰쿬랽쿲뚼쫇튻훂뗄ꆣ웤쯼뻍=drmꇁdLEm>drmdLEm0,=drm>dkdLEmdkdkdLEꇁmdp튵쟾뗀뗄릤뗄퓶볓ꆢ얩뮧룻ퟷ떥캻췁뗘쯹탨뗄쪱0볤(룻ퟷ췁뗘뗄킧싊)뗄퓶볓ꆢ췁뗘뗄놣헏릦쓜뗄퓶웤듎,쳖싛w뫍t뛔뻹뫢붻틗볛룱Erm뗄뇈뷏뺲볓붫럖뇰떼훂췁뗘릩룸쟺쿟폒틆ꆢ폒틆뫍ퟳ틆,듓뛸첬ꆣ붫쪽(11)듺죫샍뚯릩룸몯쫽쿻좥wt뿉뗃뛔펦폚얩뮧릩룸췁뗘뗄틢풸퓶잿ꆢ퓶잿뫍복죵ꆣ쇭1E-LEꛂ-mm=ꛂL0rsN-wt튻랽쏦,웳튵뻟폐벼쫵(믲헟벯풼뮯짺닺폅쫆)뗄퓶볓뫍얩닺욷쫐뎡볛룱퓶볓뻹믡떼훂웳튵췁뗘춶죫뗄=ꛂꛂꛂ-1(ꛂ+-1)sLEmL-20-LEmpk(LEm)NN뇟볊쫕틦쟺쿟(췁뗘뗄탨쟳쟺쿟)짏틆,듓뛸틢캶ퟅ틲뛸폐웳튵뗄탨쟳틢풸퓶잿ꆣ뫁컞틉컊,헢킩솦솿뗄뇤뮯EdrmLꛂ-20-LEm1)pk(LEꛂ-2m)+sdLE=ꛂ(ꛂ-(웤쯻쳵볾늻뇤)붫떼훂췁뗘쇷쫐뎡뻹뫢붻틗솿뗄mNN뇤뮯ꆣ뷸튻늽,쏼쳢3뫍쏼쳢4뇭쏷,평헢킩솦솿틽Eꛂ-3(ꛂ-2)sLEmL0-Lm웰뗄췁뗘쇷쫐뎡뻹뫢붻틗솿뇤뮯뗄랽쿲늻믡쫜떽-N2N<0웳튵쫇럱뻟폐슢뛏솦솿뗄펰쿬ꆣ틲듋,헢솽룶쏼쳢평쏼쳢4뿉횪뗄쪵볹몬틥뿉틔뷢쫍캪,떱탨튪에뛏췁뗘쇷쫐뎡EEEEEdrm=drmm<drm0,=drmLEꇁdL뻹뫢붻틗솿뗄뇤뮯랽쿲쪱,펦떱힢훘펰쿬룃쫐뎡탨dwdmdwdtdLEꇁdLEm<mdt쟳뫍릩룸틢풸뗄믹놾틲쯘,뛸늻쫇쫗쿈뾼싇쫐뎡솦0솿ꆣퟮ뫳,쳖싛s뛔뻹뫢붻틗볛룱Erm뗄뇈뷏뺲첬ꆣ413ꆡ췁뗘쇷뻹뫢붻틗볛룱뗄뇈뷏뺲첬럖컶붫쪽(11)듺죫샍뚯릩룸몯쫽쿻좥s뿉뗃샠쯆뗘E,뿉틔럖컶펰쿬릩탨뗄벸룶훘튪뗄췢짺rm=ꛂL0-LEꛂ-1msN-wt뇤솿뛔췁뗘쇷뻹뫢붻틗볛룱뗄펰쿬ꆣ-1뛔폚뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,평폚쫐뎡뻹뫢ퟜ(ꛂ=-1)LEm1-ꇁwtL0-LEmꛂ+ꛂ-1pk(LEm)-퓚탨쟳쟺쿟폫릩룸쟺쿟뗄붻뗣뒦,틲뛸춨맽뛔탨쟳wt쟺쿟뫍릩룸쟺쿟뗄틆뚯뷸탐럖컶,벴뿉럖컶췢짺뇤짏쪽훐,LEm/(L0-LEm)쯦ퟅLEm뗃퓶볓뛸퓶볓ꆣ솿뛔뻹뫢붻틗볛룱뗄뇈뷏뺲첬ꆣ믹폚듋죝틗퇩횤Edrm/dLEm<0ꆣ틲듋폐쏼쳢5:웤쯻쳵볾늻뇤,뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뗄뻹뫢EEdrm붻틗볛룱E=drmLEm>0(rc)쯦ퟅ웳튵뻟폐벼쫵믲헟벯풼뮯짺닺dsdLEꇁdmds폅쫆(k)뗄퓶볓뛸짽룟;쯦ퟅ웤쯼뻍튵쟾뗀뗄릤맩쓉웰살,폐죧쿂쏼쳢ꆣ(w)뗄퓶볓뛸붵뗍;쯦ퟅ얩뮧룻ퟷ떥캻췁뗘쯹탨뗄쏼쳢6:웤쯻쳵볾늻뇤,웳튵슢뛏췁뗘쫐뎡뗄뻹쪱볤(t)뗄퓶볓뛸붵뗍;쯦ퟅ췁뗘뗄놣헏릦쓜(s)뫢붻틗볛룱E(rm)쯦ퟅ웳튵뻟폐벼쫵믲헟벯풼뮯짺뗄퓶볓뛸짽룟;쯦ퟅ얩닺욷쫐뎡볛룱(p)뗄퓶볓뛸닺폅쫆(k)뗄퓶볓뛸짽룟;쯦ퟅ웤쯼뻍튵쟾뗀뗄릤짽룟ꆣ(w)뗄퓶볓뛸붵뗍;쯦ퟅ얩뮧룻ퟷ떥캻췁뗘쯹탨뛔폚웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,평폚췁뗘릩뗄쪱볤(t)뗄퓶볓뛸붵뗍;쯦ퟅ췁뗘뗄놣헏릦쓜룸쟺쿟(웳튵췁뗘춶죫뗄욽뻹돉놾쟺쿟)쿲킱짏랽쟣(s)뗄퓶볓뛸짽룟;쯦ퟅ얩닺욷쫐뎡볛룱(p)뗄퓶킱(쏼쳢1:5L/5r>0),듓뛸웳튵췁뗘춶죫뗄뇟볊볓뛸짽룟ꆣ돉놾쟺쿟퓚웤욽뻹돉놾쟺쿟(벴췁뗘릩룸쟺쿟)뗄짏뛔뇈쏼쳢5뫍쏼쳢6뿉횪,늻싛쫇뺺헹탔췁뗘랽,틲뛸퓚쫐뎡뻹뫢붻틗솿뒦,췁뗘뗄탨쟳쟺쿟폫릩쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,뮹쫇웳튵슢뛏뗄췁뗘쫐뎡뗄쟩탎,췢짺룸쟺쿟늻쿠붻ꆣ헢쪹뗃늻쓜횱뷓춨맽럖컶탨쟳쟺쿟뇤솿뛔뻹뫢붻틗볛룱뗄펰쿬랽쿲뚼쫇튻훂뗄ꆣ틲뫍릩룸쟺쿟뗄틆뚯살럖컶췢짺뇤솿뛔뻹뫢붻틗볛룱듋,폫쏼쳢3뫍쏼쳢4튻퇹,헢솽룶쏼쳢뗄쪵볹몬틥뗄뇈뷏뺲첬ꆣ뿉틔뷢쫍캪,떱탨튪에뛏췁뗘쇷쫐뎡뻹뫢붻틗볛
ꆤ146ꆤ훐맺맜샭뿆톧ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ2009쓪룱뗄뇤뮯랽쿲쪱,펦떱힢훘펰쿬룃쫐뎡탨쟳뫍릩룸틢풸뗄믹놾틲쯘,뛸늻쫇쫗쿈뾼싇쫐뎡솦솿ꆣ414ꆡ쫽횵럖컶헫뛔닎쫽:tꆢsꆢpꆢwꆢk뛔뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뫍웳튵슢뛏췁뗘쫐뎡뻹뫢붻틗솿뗄펰쿬뷸탐ꆰ쪾샽ꆱ,늢폃MATLAB믦훆춼탎(춼1(춼5),폫쏼쳢2(쏼쳢4뗄돉맻뇈뷏ꆣ짨훃믹뒡닎쫽좡횵캪:L0=5000ꆢN=15ꆢꛂ=015;t=1ꆢs=100ꆢp=50ꆢw=5ꆢk=215ꆣ춼4ꆡ짺닺폅쫆(k)뛔붻틗솿뗄펰쿬춼1ꆡ떥캻얩닺욷킧폃(s)뛔붻틗솿뗄펰쿬춼5ꆡ룻ퟷ튻쒶뗘뗄쪱볤(t)뛔붻틗솿뗄펰쿬뷡맻쫇튻훂뗄ꆣ뛔폚쏼쳢5ꆢ쏼쳢6맘폚췁뗘뻹뫢붻틗볛룱뗄샭싛뷡맻춬퇹뿉틔쪾샽ꆣ5ꆡ뷡폯얩뗘쇷쫇폅뮯췁뗘풴엤훃,듙뷸얩튵뺭볃랢햹뗄훘튪춾뺶,튲쫇컒맺ꆰ죽얩ꆱ컊쳢뗄욿뺱ꆣ놾컄쫗쿈붨솢얩뮧췁뗘쇷릩룸탐캪쒣탍;좻뫳,폃슢춼2ꆡ얩닺욷쫐뎡볛룱(p)뛔붻틗솿뗄펰쿬뛏뫍췪좫뺺헹쏨쫶웳튵뗄쫐뎡솦솿뗄닮틬,럖뇰붨솢쿠펦뗄웳튵퓚췁뗘쇷훐뗄탨쟳탐캪쒣탍,듓뛸믱뗃쿠펦뗄뻹뫢붻틗솿뫍붻틗볛룱;ퟮ뫳,뛔쫐뎡붻틗뻹뫢뷸탐럖컶ꆣ훷튪뷡맻쫇,(1)슢뛏붫떼훂뻹뫢붻틗솿뫍뻹뫢붻틗볛룱쿂붵,늢쪹뺭볃킧싊붵뗍;(2)췢짺뛔뻹뫢붻틗솿뫍붻틗볛룱뗄펰쿬퓚뺺헹탔췁뗘쫐뎡뫍슢뛏쫐뎡훐뗄랽쿲쫇튻훂뗄ꆣ놾컄뗄훷튪뷡싛뛔헾뢮훆뚨얩뗘쇷맜샭쿠맘헾닟쳡릩죧쿂웴쪾:(1)죧맻맘힢췁뗘쇷붻틗뗄킧싊,퓲펦떱쿞훆웳튵(탨쟳랽)뗄쫐뎡솦솿,뇜쏢췁뗘쫐뎡탎돉슢뛏,헢듓튻룶닠쏦싛횤쇋붨솢뺺헹ꆢ룟킧뗄췁뗘쇷춼쫐뎡뗄훘튪탔뫍웈쟐탔(쏼쳢2);(2)뛔얩뗘쫐뎡뗄3ꆡ웤쯼쟾뗀얩뮧뗄릤(w)뛔붻틗솿뗄펰쿬붻틗맦쒣뫍볛룱뗄뗷뿘펦룃훘뗣맘힢펰쿬쫐뎡탨쟳쿔좻뫍릩룸틢풸뗄믹놾틲쯘,춨맽쫊떱뗄헾닟듓풴춷짏,쪾샽뷡맻뫍쏼쳢2ꆢ쏼쳢3ꆢ쏼쳢4뗄샭싛틽떼뫍맜샭뛸늻쫇탐헾쏼쇮(쏼쳢3(쏼쳢6)ꆣ
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