౦Б۽ቔ201୍ֻ1௹L}.BRದRYANDIN,(ಫlህี:ࣨᆚዏၿ࣮ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮֥ඛົྟุགྷًਟ(ഈݚն࿐ഈݚ2018၎r)[ᅋေrษંაࣩᆚ౦Б࣮Ⴕܱ֥གྷսනົหᆘa؟ჭනົٚൔࠣ౦БದჴႋႵ֥නົအ֩໙ีؽqܱՍrࣩᆚ౦Бྐ༏නົනົٚൔනົအ[ٳোݼrG350TbeӋႛ೬tທaເ೯inເeCJԫԊᇸᇸveೂlteӬgenceRe,,Ir~cb,fannngh(Shalྏmliu૬veaity,Shanagh)[AࡆaCtxDiscsusethbeh~terຉesofnl၎lemthOllཔIt,thbmultidimensi0llalthinki٦moedandthetho૾htaceomplis-hnlentofinӋrarmtionૼa}ysisϴೳnelrelantigtothecolnpetitiveinteliઅ.necreh~coln[ྏౡԫೂrpetitveinteilgencexthiଲn111ྏgleuthoghtacoIcoPlislࡆentݓ֥ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ᆭ෮ၛ߶ᄝࣜਔ၂؍࣮ۚӖ1ႄުႵ෮֮ઋ,Ԣਔ࣮ದჴ֥࣮ۿָ҂ቀᆭຓ,ޓᇗေ֥၂ׄ൞ؓఃંࠎԤ֥࣮ሂ֤҂ܔb၇гᆀ෮,ࣩᆚ౦࣍5୍ট,ݓ֥ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮౼֤ਔӉቀ֥ࣉᅚ,҂Б࣮ቔູ၂ᇕህြྟ࣮,္ླေંනົbିڎࡲूࣇؿіਔඔϤં໓,ԛϱਔuఒြࣩᆚ౦Б࣮v(ӧཕდധದֹؿᅚ༯ಀ,ܱᄝႿದ֥ቔູࠣఃනົࠃ֥ିਈೂޅb֩,1ၹ95୍a)u൧ӆࣩᆚބࣩᆚ౦Бv(᠉ఃݽ,a11ѩӆ୍)uູࣩࣩᆚ౦Б࣮൮༵൞ग़ܴ൙၍ದದଷ֥ݖӱ,ಖᆚ౦БႋႨંv(ًਟ֩,198୍a)u౦Бᇅ഻iೂޅෆުႻ൞ದଷؓ၍ೆ֥ྐ༏ࣉྛٳ༅aԷྍ֥ݖӱbᆃᇕනົࠢaٳ༅ބ০Ⴈఒြࣩᆚ౦Бv(ᄻᇑ,20ၛr୍)ބuࣩᆚ౦֥ԷᄯྟЇওٳ༅ሸކaбࢠ؎aઆࠠ֩၂༢ਙනົБ࣮ં)(ًਟ֩,2ၛXr୍)֩ᇷቔ,طߎࡼࠃ,ࣩᆚ౦БႵ၂۱නົᇗןaࢌቔႨaஷሏሸކaႮྐ༏ࠗؿط࣮ऎุႋႨ֞҂ഒఒြ֥ളӁथҦބࣜႏܵᆭᇏbԛགྷྍᆩބམའ֥ᄎݖӱbቔؓбٳ༅,ь҂ؿགྷ,ၘࣜؿі֥ն؟ඔࣨᆚ౦Б໓ᅣ,ࠎЧഈߎअཋႿ၂Ϯྟࢺകࠣ൬ࠢٚم֥અਙ֩,ࢠႵં2ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮֥གྷսනົหᆘധ؇֥ંඍޓഒblળ8୍,ᇏݓ॓౦Б࿐߶ࣩᆚ౦Бٳ߶ᄻϜoࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ٚمpቔູ࿐ඌ୍߶֥ᇶีᆭ၂,ࢲݔնࣩᆚ౦Б൞ԩႿ၂ק॥ᇅ่ࡱ༯֥ᆩ്ֆჭಕ,؟ඔᆘ໓ಯࣸ๔ᄝٗٗطંഈ,ᆇᆞં࣮ࠣٚم֥ॖ໌࣮ದჴླေࡼૌᇂႿනົࠃᇏࡆၛᇗྍቆކ,षᅚ၂ӆڌરḃ࢘bᆃࣼՖਸ਼၂۱ҧ૫ّ႘ԛૌགྷᄝ֥ࣩᆚ౦БႮۋྟಪ്ཟྟಪ്֥Էᄯྟනົࠃbᆃᇕ࣮֥࣮ሑঃ,ჹ٤ଖུದಪູ֥ପဢiၘ҂ᄜ൞࣮ಣׄ,Ӯݔቔູ၂ᇕིၭཁᇷ֥ᆩ്ঔնᄜളӁ,࠻൞ದ֥නົٚط൞٤ӈႵсေࡼࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ᆃ၂ਵთ֥۽ቔധದ༯ಀbൔ҂؎ڿࣉaิ֥ۚӁ,Ⴛିؓഠ߶aࣜ࠶a֥॓ؿᅚӁ൬۠ರ௹:2(xҭ}၂12၂ซెರ
౦Б۽ቔ2ၛ)l୍ֻ1௹IJBRzaRYANDINFORMA.,T~ҭ)1ളّቔႨ,ࣉྍ֥ႵԷᄯྟ֥නົؿളᄎbطದ֥නົྛࡆ۽֥ൈ,္۴ऌଢѓҵؓනົ֥ေหљ൞ӱaٚٚൔ൞ࡹ৫ᄝགྷൌ֥ൌࠎԤᆭഈ֥,൞ದ֥නົކެઆࠠم҂؎ࣉྛሱतטᆜ,ၛղ֞མ֥නົࢲݔqֻ__ಪනົ֥ᇘ(ᆃᇕགྷսනົٚൔؓႿࣩᆚ౦Б࣮൞ᇀܱᇗေ֥ྟЧദࣼଽᄝֹЇݣਔष٢ྟrၹູં൞නົLJ֥,ఃᇏ֥ሸކбࢠa؎֩නົࠃ,थקਔ֥ೂ༯ѓ֥॥ᇅߎ൞ӱٚم֥॥ᇅ,൞නົᄝაᇛຶߌ֥ࢌหᆘ,rbੀᇏ,ᄝྐ༏҂؎ֹൻದൻԛ֥ݖӱᇏൌགྷ֥,ೂݔනົ,2l༢ሸކྟหᆘაຓࢸٿоaۯध,ପࣼ߶ᄯӮޅ॥ᇅ҂ॖିؿളॖࣨᆚ౦Б࣮නົٚൔ֥ሸކྟᇶေุགྷᄝਆ۱ٚ૫:,නົсಖൈ൞ष٢ྟනົ,නົ֥ष٢ྟ൞නົ၂൞ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮֥གྷսනົ൞ሸކᅝᇶֹ໊֥֝නົbטࢫ֥భิb.ሸࢺაٳ༅࠻൞౦Б࣮ӈႨ֥ਆᇕऎุ֥නົٚم,Ⴛ൞23ሱतԷᄯྟหᆘනົႨၛϜ౦Б࣮ग़ุ֥ࠎЧྙൔb֒၂ᇕනົٚൔՖྐ༏ࡆ۽aٳ༅֥࢘؇টु,౦Бದჴؓ၍ದնଷ֥ҧᇗႿՖ൙ᆭࡗ֥৳༢a൙ଽ҆۲҆ٳބ۲ေᆭࡗ֥ྐ༏ࣉྛೱ࿊aᆜaᇗࡹ,՜ࣉਔԷᄯྟනົ֥Ӂളᆃᇕ৳༢֥࢘؇টϜ౦Б࣮ग़ุൈ,ᆃᇕනົٚൔࣼऎႵሸԷᄯྟ҂Ⴟ၂Ϯ֥Էᄯྟ,ط൞၂ᇕሱत֥Էᄯྟ൞ކྟ;ّᆭ,֒၂ᇕනົٚൔҧᇗႿٳљಪ്൙֥۲۱ٚၹູགྷսනົ֥Էᄯྟ,൞Їݣਔሱत߈ၐaၩ്֥Է૫a۲۱҆ٳൈ,ᆃᇕනົٚൔᄵऎႵٳ༅ྟbݖಀ,ૌᄝᄯྟbԷᄯྟනົ֥ࣚෝᆞ൞ေႨ߈ၐa֥ငܻಀബ൪ࣉྛඌ౦Б࣮ൈ,ᄝනົݖӱᇏສສ҂൞Ґ౼ၛᆰܴ҉భದ֥Ӯݔࠇ࠭Ⴕ֥ࢲં,ၛགྷႵ֥ಪ്ٓຶ,յҩູࠎԤ֥ଆሸކ,ࣼ൞ٳљোֹؓ۲࿐֥॓౦Бྐభದഡק֥ࢸཋ,षຉԛྍ֥ಪ്฿ֹbᆃᇕࣚപቔູགྷս༏ࣉྛֆՂ֥ٳ༅bᄝࣩᆚರࠗਛ֥གྷࣂഠ߶ᇏ,ࣩᆚ౦නົԷᄯྟ֥ࠎԤ,္൞ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ݖӱᇏ෮с҂ljTഒБ࣮ႋ֒ࡼሸކቔູದ֥Ϝ࣮ؓའ֥ࠎЧනົٚൔb֥bؽ൞ෛሢ॓࿐ಪ്֥҂؎ؿᅚ,ࣩᆚ౦Б္࣮ေၛ॓༢නົᇏ֥༢ᆜุܴၛࠣනົ֥॥ᇅაླྀ֩,ุࣼགྷ࿐ჰᄵቔᆷ֝,ᇯ҄ྙӮЧਵთ֥॓࿐ંุ༢bᆃ֤ࣼਔᆃᇕሸކྟؽ൞གྷսනົ֥ሸކ൞༢֥ሸކbࣩᆚંනົсಖေ౼սࣜဒනົ,ѩླေሱतֹၛଖᇕંa౦Б࣮෮ေ֥གྷսනົ֥ሸކྟ,ѩ٤ၛສ֥౦Б࣮ܴׄaٚمູᆷଲ,ܿٓሱ֥࠭නົࠣනົ֝ཟ,ၛьᆷ֝ದᇏ෮ҐႨ֥ᆰܴ֥ሸކࠇࠏྀ֥ሸކbႮႿࠏྀ֥ሸކᆺૌࣩؓᆚ౦Б࣮ᆃ၂ྍਵთࠣఃᇏ֥ྍ໙ี҂؎ࣉྛฐ൞ၛ൙֥oඋྟpູؓའ,ၹطሹ൞Ϝگᄖ֥ႵࠏุٳࢳӮ෬൞ၹູགྷսනົ֥Էᄯྟ൞ؓ۲ᇕԷᄯჰaٚم֥۲۱ࡥֆ֥උྟބေ,ѩႨࡥֆཌྷࡆ֥ٚൔট૭ඍႵࠏุሱतᄎႨ,ᆃؓႿक़ڛቅθනົԷᄯ֥ཨࠞၹऎႵᇗေ֥֥ۿିބඋྟbᆃဢ,ࣼྙӮਔ၂ᇕಪ്൙֥උྟࣼ൞ಪቔႨb২ೂ,ؿනົაࠢᇏනົ֥ٚمaଷڄВمaোб്ӌ൙Чദ֥නົק൝bགྷսනົᄵ൞ധೆ֞൙֥oܱ၍ᆱمaཟනົم֩֩,ࣼିࢠݺֹϺᇹದૌࣉྛනົԷ༢pᆭᇏ,๙ݖؓ൙oൌุ၂උྟ၂ܱ༢p֥Ϝ,නົՖᄯbૌᄝࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ᇏᄎႨགྷսනົٚൔ,ࣼᄝႿေሱ൙֥ൌุᇉಥശܱ֞༢ᇉaᆜุᇉa༢ᇉbᆃᇕ༢ሸतֹᅧԷᄯ֥ჰބٚم,ሱतֹषؿሱ֥Էᄯమିކࣼ൞ᄝ۲ေཌྷቔႨ֥ࠎԤഈ,ྙӮ၂۱ܱ༢ᆜุ,ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮֥ഈඍགྷսනົٚൔ֥3ᇕหᆘ,ѩ٤дದૌՖᆜุྟaཌྷܱྟaࢲܒۿିྟaҪՑྟaႵྟ֩ٚ૫,Վܛ৫֥,൞ືѐᆣمؓනົٚم֥۴Чေb,ԉٳrղ࣮֞ؓؓའ֥ധख़ಪ്bࢳބಪ്ᆃུනົหᆘ,ࡼႵᇹ၂Ⴟದૌᄝࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ᇏ఼.22ष٢ྟหᆘ߄؟ᇕනົٚൔ֥ᄎႨ,षԷࣩᆚ౦Б_Lቔ֥ྍअ૫ࣨᆚ౦Б࣮ؓग़ܴ൙֥ಪ്,Ⴕ၂۱ؓ၍ದնଷ֥ྐ༏ࣉྛࡆ_afᄜࡹބԷྍ֥නົݖӱ,ุགྷԛೂ༯ห3ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮֥؟ჭනົٚمᆘ:൮༵,නົܺԬਔѐᆣ֥ؿᅚܴ,ᇔϜ၂్൙ुቔ൞ԩ҂؎֥ᄎaэ߄aؿᅚᆭᇏ,ၹط߶Ֆэ߄ؿᅚ֥ࣨᆚ౦Б֥࣮ٚم൞؟ҪՑa؟ჭ֥bοᅶӱൔ߄֥࢘؇,Ⴈ֥ငܻुր౦Б࣮ग़ุbఃՑ,නົ္ѓሙ߃ٳ,ॖնᇁ݂ѩູਆնো:၂ູઆࠠٚم,ᇭೂٳ༅ა൞҂؎ࣉྛטࢫ֥නົ,ᇔᇿၩϜ൙ؿᅚ֥ॖିሸކa݂ବაဆၶaোбაଆ֩;ؽ൞ᆰࢤٚ၂م,Ⴕᆰतaਲྟaࠏმྟބظੱྟ,৯ᄝэა҂э֥၂ᇏϜනົ֥ۋaؘ༁aམའ֩bႮႿࣩᆚ౦Б࣮Ⴕ၂۱ᇯ҄ധ߄ਬଢѓބᆷཟ,ط҂൞၂ሔଖᇕܥק֥නົଢѓ,Ⴈ၂ᆩ്a༢ᆩ്ބ༢ᆩ്֥ݖӱ,ၹطᄝࢌᆮႨᆃਆӮ҂э֥නົӱٚم๙ݖනົࡆ_qࠏᇅ,ၛࠣࡼනົোٚمൈ,ླေषᅚ؟ᇕྙൔ֥නົӈႨ֥නົٚمࢲݔა[1ѓࣉྛбࢠaט॥ّ֥ঌࠏᇅ,ᄝؓනົ֥ྐ༏ࣉႵq2}:१
౦Б۽ቔ2orl୍ֻ1௹LIBRARYANDINIሰ()RM,AllONSERVICEN..ඨཟනົაཟනົٚمཋྟaோ૫ྟ,ಏбࢠႵི,ᆺေᇿၩ҂؎Ԣಀఃᇏ֥հ༂ඨཟනົ൞Ⴎۋྟಪ്֞ྟಪ്,ࠇοᅶ၂קൈࡗඨӮٺ,ቋᇔ֥ܴׄࣼ߶ჟটჟऎႵग़ܴྟb২ೂ,ັ࿖ߌህ֥ؿᅚӱطഥ֥නॉٚمbᆃ൞၂ᇕࢹᇹઆࠠනົࡅྩೋङࣼ൞๙ݖࡼݚඣѲյᄝݚฅഈ֥Ѳაັ࿓ܵ࿖টّ႘ग़ܴ൙Чᇉ֥නົࠃ,ఃಪ്ࢲࣖᆞ൞౦Б࣮ߌ༢ක؊གྷའ֥Ѳቔোб,ط֤ԛoྩ൦קp֥,Ֆط֥Ⴈࡎᆴᆭ෮ᄝb২ೂ,οᅶ୍սඨಀٳ༅࣮ଖ၂ൈิ܂ਔᆞಒࢳѨၹ֥ྍંbཌྷරනົᄵ൞ؓ҂োؓ௹ଖ၂Ӂ֥ؿᅚ౦ঃ,ࣼ൞၂ᇕඨཟනົٚൔbཟනົའ֥ཌྷරᆭׄބࢤ࣍ᆭԩࣉྛ֥නົٚൔb২ೂ,ྐ༏ᄵ൞აඨཟනົཌྷؓ৫طթᄝ֥නົٚൔb২ೂ,ݓຓႵਆંࣼ൞࣮҂ਵთᇏྐჷaྐ֡aྐීaщၲ֩܋Ⴕ֥ཌྷࡅཷӌஊਔ၂ཧჴ֞လ֥၂۱֛ბഈषтྍරྟطࡹ৫ఏট֥bᆃᇕཌྷරනົหљ൞ཌྷරྟ֥ྙའන൧ӆbᄝַղھֻ֛֥ؽ฿,ࡊཧჴؿ֥߭Бඪ,ھ֛ົ֥ࢲݔ,ؓႿંಪ്ഈ֥,Ⴕሢޓն֥՜ࣉቔႨboದԬཷ,ႿૼರӰ൮ϫ٦ࠏْݴpbၙཧჴᄵಪູ.35మනົაཁනົٚمoݺࠞਔ!ھ֛ದԬཷ,൞၂۱మ৯ޓն֥൧ӆbࡼሁమනົ൞նଷᇏమڙ֥ᆩ്ྐ༏ࠣൌࣜဒ,ႮႿ֤֞ᄝՎֹpqbᆃ,ၙཧჴҐႨ֥ᆞ൞ཟනົٚم,ၹطଖᇕՏࠗaྐ༏ఓൕބႺؿطӁള֥ၩ്නົb࣐ܵႵݖі૫གྷའु֞ਔ൙֥Чᇉbఅหྟa๋ᄁൔaোбൔaҵհൔaથൔّ֩႘ྙൔᆭٳ,.32ؿනົაࠢᇏනົٚمᄝሹุഈӫູᆰतනົ,൞ၛઆࠠනົ֥ധҪࢲܒູࠎྐ༏๙ਫ਼֥؟ཟّگᄎ,थקਔනົٚཟ֥ঔაࠢԤ,ؓ౦Б࣮ؓའቔԛ֥ᆜุקྙൔbཁනົ൞ᄎႨ࠭ᇏᄎbࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ᇏ֥ؿනົٚൔཌྷ֒Ⴟဆၶم,Ⴎᆩ౦Бྐ༏֤ԛໃᆩྐ༏ބࢲં֥නົٚൔ,ЇওઆࠠනՎࠣдֹཟຓڕഝঔbطࠢᇏනົٚൔᄵཌྷ֒Ⴟ݂ବم,ົaྙའනົބਲۋ(ؘ༁)නົ֩bᆃਆᇕٚൔؓࣉྛࣩᆚՖྸ؟۱ุ֥োරؓའഈ݂ବԛ၂Ϯྟࢲંbൎഈ,ದૌ౦Б࣮ࠞႵႨbՖ໓ངᇏ֤ᆩగุࣜݖࡆࢆ໑ॖၛ၁߄֥ྐ༏ު,ંԛ.36ऎའනົაԎའනົٚمെႲగ္ॖၛႨཌྷٚم၁߄,ՖطູࢳथെႲగ֥ൻෂิऎའනົ൞ࣩؓᆚ౦Б࣮֥ऎุؓའّ႘֥ٚൔb܂ਔྍࣥ,ᆃඋႿؿනົٚൔbႮႿ౦Б࣮ದჴ҂ׅ֥Ⴕᆰतනົྙൔ(ؓग़ܴ֥ऎุؓའࣉྛනົ֤ԛᆰཞ॓ದჴପဢିᆜ฿ઘႿ൫ဒ൩,ၹط౦Б֥ࡆ۽ٳ༅ࢤ؎֥ྙൔa)ྙའනົྙൔ(ϜؓའुӮົྙའಀّ၂Ϯ؟ҐႨࠢᇏනົم,҂ၒݖ؟ֹҐႨؿනົٚمb႘)ބѐᆣනົྙൔ(ϜؓའुӮ൞ଖᇕܿקྟ֥၂b)২.33ٳ༅නົაሸކනົٚمೂ,ᆺေࡼఃᇏ֥ྙའනົაܴԷᄯཌྷࢲކ,ࣜݖ؟Ցࢌٳ༅නົ൞ϜᆜุٳࢳӮ҆ٳطࣉྛॉҳ֥නົٚൔ,ҭބᇗگ,ьॖิԛཌྷႋ֥ၩaࡹၰࠇં؎,ఏ֞ყҩބӑऎุႵҪՑٳ༅aࢨ؍ٳ༅aၹٳ༅aྟඋٳ༅a༢ٳ༅భಪ്֥ቔႨ,ࣉط࿊ԛ۷ऎႵॖྛྟބགྷൌྟ֥ٚσbԎ֩bሸކනົ൞Ϝۄྐ༏ࠇଷᇏुট҂ཌྷܱ֥ᆩ്འනົᄵ൞ֆՂՖۀa؎a֥ྙൔಀّ႘ཌྷؓ໗ק৳༢ఏটࡆၛಪᆇ֥න෬,ࠇϜၘႵ֥ྐ༏ྍࠆ౼֥ྐ༏֥ग़ܴؓའ֥නົٚൔ,൞၂ᇕᄝනམᇏԎ౼൙֥Чᇉඋࣉྛᇗྍቆކ֥නົٚൔ,бೂၹሸކaህีሸކa༢ሸྟ,ष٤Чᇉඋྟ֥නົࠃbԎའაۀও൞ࣅૡ৳༢ᄝކ֩োbࡼᆃਆᇕනົٚൔູҀԉႨ,ӈӈ߶ࣩؓᆚ၂ఏ֥,ીႵԎའࣼ҂ॖିࣉྛۀও,ႵਔۀওҌ߶۷ႵᇹJౢБ࣮Ӂളޓն֥ቔႨb২ೂ,ႵದؿགྷᇏຓႳग़ᄝԚ౬ႿԎའb౦Б࣮ᆞ൞๙ݖ॓࿐Ԏའაۀও,ؓग़ܴ൙ࣉ֞ᇨݚ੪Ⴓൈ,ສສႵ҂ഒದႨᇨݚࢌ๙ഁڄbܴࣜҳٳྛٳ༅აљ,ஆԢຓᄝ֥٤Чᇉ֥৳༢,ሂᇾ൙֥Чᇉ,༅,ჰট൞ၹູಣջֹ֥Ԛ౬గ໑؟ᄝ27¥ၛഈ,Ⴓग़ࣜݖԎའު֥ۀওطᇯ҄ྙӮᆞಒۀ֥b[3]၂ϮᆺିԬ؋ө၉bطૌᇏࡗ6%֥ದေઙࢌ๙,Ⴈުԩ٢,ࣼᆺ֤֒ᆼഁႨbႮՎ,Ⴕದ০Ⴈሸކනົഡ࠹4ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ದჴ֥නົအԛ၂ᇕࡎ৷ൌႨ֥oࢌ๙੪Ⴓ֝Ⴓᆼᅼഁp,൧ӆభࣟޓݺbགྷսၩၬഈ֥ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ٚم֥҂؎ປ,ླေ౦Б.34োбනົაཌྷරනົٚمದჴࡹܒఏژކൈսေ֥ѐᆣනົ༢,҂؎ิۚනົোбනົٚم൞ؓۄোؓའቔбࢠ,Ֆଖ၂ؓའऎအbૌᆺႵᄝືѐᆣم֥ࠎԤഈ,Ҍ߶ᄝනົࢲܒᇏྙႵଖඋྟ֥భิԛؿ,ᆩਸ਼၂ؓའ္ऎႵՎඋྟ֥නົٚӮ॓࿐طປᆜ֥ᆩ്ุ༢aุܴ༢ބٚمุ༢,ՖطӁളൔb๙ݖᆃᇕٚم,ॖྙӮଖུܴׄaં؎ࠇࡹၰbෙಖھ॓࿐֥නົٚൔbනົအЇওනົٚൔބනົି৯ਆ۱ٚمѩ҂ٳࣚಒ,മᇀᄝԚྙӮ֥ुمᇏߎջႵଖུअᇶေ҆ٳb҂؎ֹႪ߄නົඣބ఼߄නົି৯,൞නົ१
ుБ۽ቔ2၎rl୍ֻ1௹IJBRARᅈANDINFq)~ONSERVICENO.,112uᇝ)lအଽᄝ֥ཟྟေbၹູනົအؓࣨᆚ౦Б࣮ದჴཌྷڣཌྷӮ,дՎࢌವ,ุགྷਔژކൈսห֥ѐᆣනົٚൔ֥නົིੱaනົԷᄯྟaනົӮݔनఏሢܱྟቔႨ,෮ၛ֥หᆘ,Ӯູࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ದჴсྶऎС֥නົအbૌࣼсྶܱᇿሱ࠭නົٚൔ֥ڿބනົି৯֥ᄹ఼оbൈ,ᆃུනົအႻၐေؓ౦Бದჴ֥ᆩ്ࢲܒิԛ۷ۚ.41৫ྟනົအ֥ေ,҂ေሱ࠭ႚႵ֥ᆩ്ਈ۷ऎሸކྟaಆ૫ྟ,ط৫නົ൞ܴa༝ܸaି৯֤ၛྙӮ֥భิ่ࡱ,္൞ႋ఼߄Էᄯྟ۬ބԷྍି৯,ࠒࠞൌീᆩ്ࢲܒ֥ሇԉٳषؿሱദమି,ྙӮሱ֥࠭නົ۱ྟ֥భิ่ࡱbીႵ၍[5r:൪့षখ֥৫නົ,ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ದჴࣼ҂ॖିऎႵฐ෬.Ⴎࢲܒཟᇗࢲܒሇ߄bᄝഠ߶֥ྐ༏ႚႵਈࣚപ,္҂ॖିႵԷྍනົ֥ؿളބؿᅚbಖط,৫නົঔᅦ֥ྙ൝༯,ك֥ᆩ്ޓӁളԷྍྟනົ,ൡႋѩ٤ၩሢॖၛሱٿо,ཌྷّ,ᆺିၩሢሱष٢bᄀ҂ਔഠ߶aࣜ࠶ؿᅚ֥ླေ,ᆃࣼေࣩᆚ౦Бದჴ֥ᆩ്൞ሱᇶ࿐༝aሱतൌ,ᄀ൞ି҂؎षখ൪့,৫නົ֥ିႚႵਈՖਈࠩཟᇗਈࠩሇ߄,ၛିაঔᅦ֥ྐ༏ਈཌྷ৯္ࣼᄀ఼bّᆭ,ෛሢ৫නົି৯֥ᄹ఼,္сಖ۷߶ൡႋbᆃᇕሇ߄ѩ٤ᆺ൞ਈഈ֥ࡥֆᄹࡆ,ط൞ᆩ്֥ᆜุౠྏႿሱᇶ࿐༝aሱतൌbྟᄁథԷྍྟනົအ.Ⴎٿоࢲܒཟष٢ࢲܒሇ߄bགྷႵࣩᆚ౦БದԷྍି৯౼थႿනົ֥Էྍ,නົ֥ԷྍႻ၇ঠႿฐ෬ჴ֥ᆩ്ࢲܒ,Ⴕཌྷ֒၂҆ٳߎඋႿᆩ്ଽಸࠎЧ҂э֥ٿࣚപ֥ඎ৫bࣜӈႨሱ֥࠭නົ༢ಀෆ࿙aؿགྷ໙ี,ฐоࢲܒbᆃᇕ߄ӧ֥ࣸᆩ്ࢲܒཁಖൡႋ҂ਔഠ߶ᆩఃࢳथϷم,൞ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ದჴႵ෮Ӯ֥ࠎЧᇉᆭ്҂؎۷ྍބದ֥නົԷྍ֥ေ,ླေྙӮष٢ࢲܒ,၂bฐ෬ࣚപބԷྍනົ֥အӮѩ٤ၞ൙,ᆺႵ֒ฐ෬ࣚപၛь҂؎་ବྍᆩ്,՜ࣉԷྍྟනົbބԷྍනົ֥༝ܸ,ࣜݖ࡛७֥ൌщದ֞නົ༢֥ӱ.ႮФࢲܒཟԷᄯࢲܒሇ߄b෮໌Фᆩ്,նଷ֥නົࠏᇅҌႵॖିᄝฐ෬ބԷᄯ֥݅֡ഈႵֹིࢲܒ,൞ᆷᄝൌԷᄯᇏᆩ്ࢲܒԩႿཨࠞФ֥ሑ,ఏ҂֞ႋႵ֥ఓؿa۽ቔބᄎሇb҂؎,҂؎ࡹܒ,҂؎ຉᅚනົॢࡗ,൞Էႄ֝ቔႨbطࣩᆚ౦Бದჴсྶ൞၂ᇕԷྍනົቋЧᇉaቋऎᷠ৯֥ଽᄝܿקྟ,္൞ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ྍದҌ,ڶႵԷྍၩ്ބԷᄯି৯,ၹطࣼႋՖჰ༵ФದჴႋऎС֥ᇗေအbࢤବ֥ᆩ്ࢲܒ୭৯ཟԷᄯࢲܒሇ၍,҂؎ᄝሱദ֥ᆩ്ࢲܒᇏᄹࡆି৯ૡྟනົအٚم֩ᆩ്֥бᇗbູିປᆜֹّ႘ᆜ۱൙,ّ႘൙֥Чᇉބଽᄝܿੰྟ,۷ູਔࣩᆚ౦Б֥࣮ӮݔିᄝڱᇭႋႨ֥ݖӱᇏ֤ၛ5ษંJ౧০ൌགྷ,ࣼေ౦Бದჴ؟൪࢘a؟ҧ૫a؟ၹa؟ཟ؇ֹࣉྛනॉބંᆣbѩؓॖିԛགྷ֥౦ঃaॖିఏቔႨ֥ၹႮഈॖ,ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ቔູ၂ᇕؓಪ്ؓའࣉྛܼٗބॖିؿള֥ުݔ,ᇯ၂ࣉྛॉҳބყҩ,ಖުᄜ๙ݖٳധದ֥טҰބٳ༅۽ቔ,ః࣮ݖӱᇔุགྷሢޓ఼֥නົ༅ሸކ,၇ऌؓᇶေ؛ބᇶေ؛ٚ૫֥؎֤ԛ॓࿐֥ྟbႮႿࣩᆚ౦Б֥ᆩ്ุ༢ᅚགྷਔഠ߶aࣜ࠶ࠃ֥ܿੰࢲંѾᆃᇕࢲંྟၩ֥ᆞಒྟ,౼थႿ؟ཟ؇නົ֥ૡྟ,ၹطԎའࣼӮູቆᆮބٳ༅౦Бଽಸ֥ᇶေٚൔᆭ၂,ྟbીႵૡྟቓభิ,ь҂ॖିݔ؎ֹิԛथҦၩbႵсေ࣮ѩᄎႨනົܿੰࠣఃႵܱ֥หׄ,หљ൞ടࠣ֞.44ൌྟනົအઆࠠٚمᇏྙӮઆ֥ࠠଖུӮݔbູିࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ഈඍනົ֥৫ྟaԷྍྟaૡྟ,ݸၐ໙ֹᆷཟࢹᇹႿᆞಒ֥නົղ֞ᆞಒّ֥႘࣮ؓའ,ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ൌྟbࣨᆚ౦БӁቔູනົ֥Ӯݔ,ቋᇔေڱᇭൌ࠽ႋದჴࣼႋ҂؎ิۚሱ֥࠭නົି৯,ႿᄎႨႵܱ֥නົٚႨၹՎ,Ⴎනົط֤֥֞ࢳथ໙ี֥ٚσބծീ,сྶ൞ൔbӴಖ,০Ⴈ࠹ෘࠏaຩ֩གྷսྐ༏ඌϺᇹૌࣉྛ్ކൌ࠽֥,ॖҠቔ֥bᄝൌ࠽ႋႨ֥ݖӱᇏ,ࣩᆚ౦Бනົ,൞ᆩ്ࣜ࠶ൈս౦Б࣮ದჴڿࣉනົٚൔ֥ਸ਼၂่࣮ದჴ֥නົေሱतֹؿߨטࢫa॥ᇅۿି,ࠣൈّؓঌ߭ᇗေࣥ,ط߶ႵᇹႿѽሚ֞۷؟ႵႨ֥౦Б࣮ჷট֥ྐ༏ቓԛّႋ,ၛьࡼනົࠃཟۚڂ,ࣉྛсေ֥ຩྐ༏ඌᇔ࣮սู҂ਔࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ݖӱࠣ౦Б࣮ٳ༅aሸކބ؎)၂֊ؿགྷቋԚ֥නົӮݔᄝൌᇏԛགྷದჴ֥ᇶุනົࠃbၹՎ,ေࣩᆚ౦Б࣮҂൳࠹ෘࠏொҵ,ࣼႋࠣൈֹჍၛטᆜބླྀטᆃᇕሱतטᆜaሱतބຩ۽ऎ֥अཋބඏں,сྶ༯ն৯గՖࣩᆚ౦Бંaᆞ֥หྟ,൞౦Б࣮ದჴ֥ൌනົᇏቋॖЏ֥ေb࣮ٚمaႋႨٚم֩ٚ૫ಆֹ໊ٚሂݺࣩᆚ౦Б࣮bᆺഈඍࠫᇕනົအࡗ֥ܱ༢,࠻৳־ࣉ҂ॖࠇಌ,Ⴛ(༯ሇֻ25်)߂
౦Б۽ቔ201୍ֻ1௹,IJBRARYAND~NF()RMATI()NSERVICENO,.112001Ҧࠣӱൔ֥ࢲކ,ᄝఃᇅקݖӱᇏሹေॉҳaٳ༅ᆃਆ۱ܱ:¹थקଧུ൙ᆴ֤ቓ;ºቓݺᆃུ൙b႕ཙఒြဢࠫᇕྐ༏ၹ:ཌྷؓႿࣨᆚؓ൭఼֥ཛᆭ෮ᄝ;ܵथᅞܒӮ֥Ⴕᆃဢ၂ུၹ:¹ࣩᆚॿࡏiಒಪᆰࢤࠇࡗҦҪᇶေ֥ࡎᆴѓሙބܵି৯;ຓࢸࣜ࠶aඌഈ֥ࠏ߶ࢤ֥ࣩᆚᆀࠣఃᅞ,ਔࢳӁ/ڛༀႋડቀཨٮᆀଧུླაຯཽ;ഠ߶aᆟᇍaᆟکܱᇿa໓߄֩ၹ֥႕ཙbࣉྛႵbº൧ӆଢѓiᇶေܓઙᆀ֥ཨٮྛູބླb»ӑܱ֥ྐ༏ٳ༅,൞ఒြᇅקࣩᆚᅞс҂ॖഒ֥၂ߌbحࡎᆴ..iᄝ၂۱ಒק֥ࣩᆚॿࡏᇏ,ᇶေཨٮᆀᄸဢಒק331ࣩᆚྟᇉ֥ྐ༏ٳ༅Ӂ/ڛༀ֥ӑحࡎᆴb¼০ၹiಒקଧུၹ႕ཙ.ٳ༅ࣩᆚቔႨ৯ྐ༏bؓႿ၂۱ቆᆮ֥ଽಸሑٳӁ֥ࠆ০ି৯b½ᄸဢϜ၂ᇕӁႨༀაၛഈ4۱ၹ༅,ᇶေ൞ၛࠎႿࣩᆚቔႨ৯(ncoࡊetitivefon{e)֥টჷა఼৳༢ఏটbູࠎׄ,܍߂ԛھቆᆮ෮ԩঃ֥ሹุক,ᇶေЇও:¹ෛሢ൧ӆ֥э߄,ܒӮఒြᅞ֥сေၹ္ᄝэ߄,གྷႵࣨᆚؓ൭֥ࣩᆚྐ༏;ºమᄝࣩᆚᆀ֥ຯཽྐ༏;»ูၹՎఒြᅞ൞֥,ᆃࣼсྶ၇ौགྷսྐ༏ඌ֥ᆦսຯཽྐ༏;¼܂ٚษࡎି৯ྐ༏;½ग़ߎࡎି৯ྐ༏bӻbࠎႿۚྐ༏ຩ֥ྐ༏༢Ֆೂ༯4۱ٚ૫ᆦӻఒြᅞଢѓ֥ᇅקa.ٳ༅ࣩᆚᅞหᆘྐ༏bٳ༅ࣩᆚྟᇉྐ༏֥ଢ֥Ⴊ߄ބൌീ:¹Ӂြࢲܒ֥טᆜ;ºӁᄝႿᇶᅧࣩᆚᅞ֥หᆘ,Ⴕֹིᇅקᆞಒ֥ࣨᆚᅞႏཧٚൔ֥ڿ۪;»Ԯြༀੀӱ֥ᇗྍקၬ;¼ԮᄎቔbູՎ,ࣼླေٳ༅ࣩᆚᅞҵၳྐ༏ބଽ఼҆ྐ༏bݖӱ֥ᇗྍקၬ(4b)..332ࣩᆚ൧ӆߌ֥ྐ༏ٳ༅൧ӆॢࡗྛູᄎቔ.ٳ༅൧ӆྐݼྐ༏b൧ӆྐݼቔູࣩᆚؓ൭ൌ࠽ྛӁြࢲܒlّ֥႘,ିุགྷԛࣩᆚؓ൭֥ၩaࠏaଢѓࠇଽ҆ြༀW,ႵᇹႿٳ༅ࣩᆚᆀ౦ঃބᇅקሱദ֥ࣩᆚᅞbೂิభಁ4࿆֥ۡྛa൙ު࿆֥ۡྛ൞൧ӆྐݼ֥іགྷྙൔbᑷႿr֥ఒြᅞҕॉ໓ང:.ٳ༅Ӂြߌྐ༏bᆃᇶေ൞ၛӁြ֥ࠢᇏ؇aӮ1੧ඃ؇ބ෮૫ਢ֥ࣩᆚሑঃູࠎԤ,ᇗׄٳ༅ਬӁြaྍม,ᆑല.ӁԷྍਵ༵ఒြࣩᆚႪ൝࣮.ᇏݓܵ॓࿐,2ྖӁြaႿӮඃ֥ӁြaකӁြބಆ౯Ӂြ֩ࠎЧ(X)1(1:)74၂792ӧݓಃ,ઔߌྐ༏bྍ.ۚྍఒြྍӁ֥षؿഡམটჷ֥ൌᆣ࣮.ܵ॓࿐࿐Б,lຬ೫࣑(1:)%၂101..333ࣩᆚؓ൭֥ྐ༏ٳ༅ٳ༅ࣩᆚؓ൭֥ྐ༏,ଢ֥3ᄝႿਔࢳૄ۱ࣨᆚؓ൭ॖିҐ౼֥ᅞྛ֥ൌᇉބӮۿਾৡ໓.႕ཙڛༀᇉਈ֥ࠫᇕҵၳٳ༅.ᇏݓೈ॓࿐,2(XX)(1:)֥༐ຬ112~115,ၛࠣૌؓॖିؿള֥Ӂြэథބ۷ܼ֥ٗߌэ4߄֩ॖିቓԛّ֥ႋbᆃᇕٳ༅,ႋЇওؓ൭֥ໃটଢѓྐྷ࿂,ࣁᶈ.ྐ༏ඌԷᄯఒြࣩᆚႪ൝.ᇏݓೈ॓࿐ს)(4:)79၂81༏aؓ൭֥ഡམྐ༏aؓ൭֥གྷྛᅞྐ༏ބؓ൭֥ି৯ྐ5༏ࠉݓ౩,ဗႇ.ఒြྐ༏ሧჷ֥ࠢӮܵ.౦Б࿐Б,201(l:)(ނྏି৯ྐ༏aӮӉି৯ྐ༏aॹّႋି৯ྐ༏aൡႋl~9э߄ି৯ྐ༏ބӻࣲ৯ྐ༏)֩b6ౝ.ࣨᆚᅞᇅקభ֥ྐ༏ٳ༅ေ.౦Бᄖᆽ,2၎lr:(6).34ԉٳᄎႨགྷսྐ༏ඌᆦӻఒြᅞ12~14ఒြᅞ૭ඍਔఒြൌགྷࣟଢѓ(ࣟ൞ؓఒြໃট֥ഡམ)֥ٚσބࠆ౼aЌӻࣩᆚႪ൝֥ྛbఒြᅞႵ[ቔᆀࡥࢺrਾώފ,ଳ,l%1୍ള,ڬ࣮ܶჴ,ؿіં໓ඔb(ഈࢤֻ10်2)৫এ.նଷྐ༏აනົٚൔ.ሱಖྐ༏,1987:(6)9၂13Ⴕᆃဢ,Ҍିᇯ҄ྙӮڶႵݓหބژކൈսေ֥ࣩᆚ3ၭ.ಪ്ંა౦Б࣮.౦Б॓࿐,1,9889:(4)1၂4౦Б॓࿐ุ༢b4ᅦӤ.ܱᇿනົᇉ֥ტ.ܻૼರБ,2ࣸ၂02၂15ҕॉ໓ང:5ਟࡹӮ.Ⴊ߄࢝ഽᆩ്ࢲܒ൝ᄝсྛ.ܻૼರБ,2(XX၂)ࡳ၂ె1ᅦၬളགྷսනົٚൔ֥ࠎЧหᆘ6ഔჭ..ܻૼರБ,2ၛX၂)։၂01ܱႿනົ࿐ބ౦Б࿐֥නॉ.฿ࣃഽն࿐Б,1986(1:)47[ቔᆀࡥࢺxًਟ,ଳ,19᳒)୍ള,࢝൱,ණൖള֝ഽ,ؿіં໓170Ⴥ,ԛϱህᇷ5҆b
