ꆡ쎽뷩뺭펪폫맜샭ꆡ춢좫ꆡ돌뺲?ꆡ펦쮼쮼:억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱믱뗃헟폫뒫쎽뺭볃퇐뺿억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱믱뗃헟폫뒫쎽뺭볃퇐뺿3ꇶꆡ춢좫ꆡ돌뺲?ꆡ펦쮼쮼ꆾ쓚죝햪튪ꆿꆡ맺쓚뒫쎽뺭볃톧퇐뺿뗄쿊쏷쳘뗣횮튻쫇쿊폐뺭볃톧헟뷩죫헢튻퇐뺿쇬폲ꆣ쫂쪵짏,ힷ쯝뒫쎽뺭볃톧뗄퇐뺿웰풴,쫇듓훚뛠뗄뺭볃톧볒닎폫웤훐뾪쪼뗄,늢쟒떱훐늻랦억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱믱뗃헟ꆣ놾컄쫡샭쇋솽캻훸쏻뗄뺭볃톧볒ꆢ억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱믱뗃헟죸뛻즭뫍뿆쮹퓚뒫쎽뺭볃퇐뺿쇬폲쯹ퟶ돶뗄릱쿗ꆣꆾ맘볼듊ꆿꆡ죸쏽뛻즭;뿆쮹;뒫쎽뺭볃ꆡꆡꆰ뒫쎽뺭볃톧ꆱ룅쓮뗄컊쫀,놻죏캪쫇퓚1970쓪,쮹뎢쫔췆탐뢶럑뗧쫓ꆣ톧헟쏇뾪쪼쮼뾼뢶럑뗧쫓폫뒫춳뗄쏢첹뢣듳톧뺭볃톧늩쪿퇐뺿짺얷컄(BruceM1Owen)뗈퓚헻럑뗧쫓퓚놾훊쫴탔짏쫇럱폐룹놾뗄쟸뇰ꆣ튻훖쪢탐뗄맛뗣샭뒫쎽뺭볃퇐뺿쇏쪱쳡돶쇋ꆰ듳훚뒫쎽뺭볃톧ꆱ뗄룅쫇:평맣룦횧돖뗄쏢럑짌튵뗧쫓컞틉쫇뗤탍뗄릫릲욷ꆪꆪꆪ쓮ꆣꋙ듋뫳,뒫쎽뺭볃톧뗄퇐뺿듓얷쏀떽쫀뷧랶캧쓚톸쯙웕뗧쫓탅뫅쯹뢲룇횮뒦,횻튪펵폐뗧쫓믺뇣쓜쫕뾴,ퟔ벺뗄벰,퇐뺿쇬폲튲쯦횮췘햹ꆣ떫쫂쪵짏,ퟔ20쫀볍20쓪듺,쫕뾴튲늻펰쿬웤쯻죋뗄쫕뾴;뢶럑뗧쫓듓벼쫵짏춨맽볓쏜뛔뒫쎽뺭볃쿖쿳뗄첽쳖뻍틑뺭뾪쪼,ꆰ맣능뺭볃톧ꆱꆢꆰ맣듫쪩쿞훆쇋뛔뗧쫓뷚쒿뗄쏢럑쿻럑,업돽쇋튻늿럖쿻럑헟ꆣ룦뺭볃톧ꆱꆢꆰ뗧탅뺭볃톧ꆱꆢꆰ뗧쫓뺭볃톧ꆱ틔벰ꆰ놨튵뺭쯹틔폐톧헟죏캪ꆰ뢶럑뗧쫓춨맽벼쫵쫖뛎붫릫릲욷뮯돉볃톧ꆱ뗄룅쓮뚼쫇퓚20쫀볍20쓪듺훁70쓪듺횮볤컊쫀ꆣꋚ쇋쮽죋욷ꆱ,쓇쎴,뛔폚쮽죋욷,뿉틔뛸틀삵볛룱믺훆,웚볤훚뛠뺭볃톧볒닎폫웤훐,늢쟒떱훐늻랦억놴뛻뺭볃톧믘뇜릫릲횧뢶뗄튻킩벬쫖컊쳢ꆣ붱믱뗃헟ꆣ쯻쏇붫뺭볃톧샭싛퓋폃폚뒫쎽뺭볃쿖쿳뗄퇐뺿,죸쏽뛻즭죏캪,헢튻맛뗣쫇듭컳뗄ꆣꆰ쿞훆릫릲욷뗄쿻벫듳뗘쳡룟쇋뒫쎽뺭볃톧퓚훷쇷뺭볃톧훐뗄뗘캻,못쪵쇋럑늢늻쓜냑쯼뇤캪쮽죋욷ꆱꆣ헢쫇틲캪뢶럑뗧쫓뫍쏢럑짌튵뒫쎽뺭볃톧뗄톧뿆샭싛믹뒡ꆣ틔쿂뻍뛔솽캻훸쏻뗄뺭볃톧뗧쫓튻퇹,캪뛮췢튻룶볒춥쳡릩뗧쫓럾컱뗄뇟볊돉놾캪쇣,볒ꆢ억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱믱뗃헟죸뛻즭뫍뿆쮹퓚뒫쎽뺭볃퇐죧맻내헕쫐뎡믺훆쿂뗄엁샛췐ퟮ폅쳵볾(P=MC)뚨볛,뺿쇬폲쯹ퟶ돶뗄릱쿗뷸탐믘맋폫움볛ꆣ볛룱튲펦캪쇣,쯹틔뇟볊돉놾뚨볛램늻쓜퓋폃폚뢶럑뗧쫓ꆣ듓놾훊짏붲,쮽죋닺욷쫇튻훖뻟폐맦쒣놨돪뗄뺭볃,춨뎣놣싞ꆤ낲ꆤ죸뛻즭(PaulA1Samuelson)ퟱ톭뇟볊돉놾뗝퓶,뇟볊쫕틦뗝복뗄맦싉ꆣ헢튲쫇엁샛췐탂맅뗤ퟛ뫏톧엉뗄듺뇭죋컯놣싞ꆤ낲ꆤ죸뛻즭ퟮ폅쳵볾랢믓ퟷ폃뗄잰쳡ꆣ뛸뢶럑뗧쫓폫횮쿠랴,웤뇟볊(PaulA1Samuelson,1915-)1970쓪믱뗃억놴뛻뺭볃톧돉놾쪼훕캪쇣,뛸웤뇟볊쫕틦쫇뗝퓶뗄ꆣ횻튪뇟볊쫕틦뗝붱,튲쫇믱뗃룃붱쿮뗄뗚튻캻쏀맺뺭볃톧볒ꆣ죰쪿믊볒톧퓶,췪좫뺺헹볙뚨쿂뗄볛룱믺훆뻍늻쓜랢믓ퟷ폃ꆣ풺캪웤냤늼뗄믱붱듇쫇:ꆰ쯻랢햹쇋쫽샭뫍뚯첬뺭볃샭싛,죸뗄놾틢쫇춨맽뢶럑뗧쫓뗄샽ퟓ쮵쏷ꆰ쿞훆릫릲욷뗄웤퇐뺿짦벰뺭볃톧좫늿쇬폲ꆣꆱ죃쫀죋쫬횪죸쏽뛻즭뗄쫇쯻쿻럑늢늻쓜냑쯼뇤캪쮽죋닺욷ꆱ,뛸쯻뗄맛뗣좴놻컳뷢쇋,퓙냦쪮웟듎뗄뷌뿆쫩ꆶ뺭볃톧ꆷꆣ떫쿊캪죋쏇쯹힢틢떽뗄늻짙죋죏캪쯻쫇랴뛔뢶럑뗧쫓뗄,틲캪퓚죸뗄풭컄훐폐헢쫇,죸뛻즭퓧퓚20쫀볍50쓪듺뻍컄첽쳖맣능뗧쫓뗄퇹튻뻤뮰:ꆰ볈좻쫕뾴맣능뗧쫓뷚쒿뗄뇟볊돉놾캪쇣,캪쪲릫릲욷쫴탔컊쳢,늢틽랢쇋튻뎡톧쫵헹싛ꆣ쎴튪폃쫕럑살업돽튻늿럖쓜듓뗧쫓뷚쒿훐뗃떽폤퓃룐뗄볒뷱쳬뗄컷랽뺭볃톧뷌닄퓚붲떽릫릲욷쪱,맣랺틽폃뗄춥쓘?ꆱ튲뻍쫇쮵,죧맻폃엁샛췐ퟮ폅풭샭살럖컶,떱볛룱튻룶뚨틥쫇죸쏽뛻즭폚1954쓪퓚ꆶ릫릲횧돶뗄뒿샭싛ꆷ튻듳폚뇟볊돉놾쪱,튻뚨듦퓚엁샛췐룄뷸,퓚늻쯰몦튻늿럖컄훐쳡돶뗄:릫릲욷횸튻룶죋뛔헢훖닺욷뗄쿻럑,늢늻쓜죋샻틦뗄잰쳡쿂,쓜쪹쇭튻늿럖죋뗄ힴ뿶뇤뫃ꆣ복짙웤쯻죎뫎죋뛔룃닺욷뗄쿻럑ꆣ쯼뻟폐솽룶놾훊쳘헷,폐톧헟(JoraR1Minasian,1964)쏅컄랴늵죸뗄튻쫇쫕틦뗄럇업쯻탔,뛾쫇쿻럑뗄럇뺺헹탔ꆣꋛ1958쓪,죸맛뗣ꆣꋝMinasian죏캪,평폚맣능뗧쫓쪹폃쇋쾡좱뗄뗧늨쏽뛻즭퓚ꆶ릫릲횧뢶샭싛뗄벸룶랽쏦ꆷꋜ튻컄훐싛쫶릫릲욷풴,쾡좱뗄뗧늨풴쫇믡닺짺믺믡돉놾뗄,틲듋탨튪춨맽쳘탔폫쫐뎡믺훆뗄컊쳢쪱,퓸뛔뢶럑뗧쫓쫇럱쫴폚릫릲욷쫕럑쪵쿖쾡좱풴뗄뺺헹탔폃춾뗄볛횵ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ쏢럑짌튵뷸탐쇋짮죫뗄첽쳖ꆣ떱쪱쏀맺솪냮춨톶캯풱믡(FCC)헽뗧쫓쳥쾵훐,평폚맣룦횧독뗧쫓첨뗄짺듦,뛸맣룦짌훘쫓3놾컄믱뷌폽늿ꆰ탂쫀볍폅탣죋닅횧돖볆뮮ꆱ훺(쿮쒿뇠뫅:NCET-06-0191)ꆡ98쿖듺뒫능쮫퓂뾯2008쓪뗚3웚(ퟜ뗚152웚)
춢좫ꆡ돌뺲?ꆡ펦쮼쮼:억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱믱뗃헟폫뒫쎽뺭볃퇐뺿ꆡ쎽뷩뺭펪폫맜샭ꆡ뗄쫇맛훚뗄맦쒣,쯹틔쏢럑짌튵뗧쫓뗄뷚쒿톡퓱쫇틔쓜릻닺튵뗄닆헾훆뛈ꆣ닺짺ퟮ듳뗄맛훚맦쒣캪뇪ힼ,뛸늻뾼싇뷚쒿뗄폩샖탔뫍뷌뛔폚맣능뗧쫓튵쯹쪹폃뗄쾡좱뗄뗧늨풴,볛룱믺훆폽탔ꆣ퓚뢶럑뗧쫓훐,평맛훚횱뷓횧뢶뗧쫓뷚쒿뗄짺닺돉퓚웤훐늻쓜랢믓ퟷ폃,틲듋탨튪헾뢮뛔뗧늨풴뷸탐럖엤ꆣ놾,틲듋뷚쒿톡퓱뇘탫훘쫓웤폩샖뫍뷌폽틢틥ꆣ듓헢튻틢쏀맺솪냮춨톶캯풱믡FCC(FederalCommunicationsCommis2틥짏쮵,뢶럑뗧쫓룼볓폐킧뗘샻폃쇋쾡좱풴,쪹뷚쒿샠sion)쫇횱뷓쿲맺믡뢺퓰뗄뛀솢헾뢮믺릹,웤훘튪횰퓰횮탍쓜릻뫏샭럖엤ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵,퓚쏢럑짌튵뗧쫓쳥쾵훐,뷚튻뻍쫇랢럅맣능뗧쫓없헕ꆣ쏀맺쯹폐뗄짌튵뫍럇짌튵뗄맣쒿뗄뺭볃믘놨폫뷚쒿놾짭컞맘,뛸쫇좡뻶폚맛훚(쿻럑능뗧쫓없헕뻹평FCC뫋랢ꆣ뛸짪쟫뾪햹맣능뗧쫓럾컱뗄짪헟)뛔맣룦짌욷뗄릺싲,벴풴뗄엤훃ힴ첬늢늻좡뻶폚쟫헟폫뿉틔샻폃뗄뗧듅늨뛎횮볤듦퓚퇏훘뗄릩탨쎬뛜ꆣ풴뗄뺭볃돉놾,쓑틔쪵쿖뺭볃킧싊ꆣ뢶럑뗧쫓쳥쾵훐뷚쒿FCC닉폃뗄맟뎣랽램쫇뾼달짪쟫헟뗄훊벰웤럾컱폚릫틦뗄뺭볃믘놨횱뷓평뷚쒿놾짭뻶뚨,맛훚춨맽뛔뷚쒿샠탍뫍쫂튵뗄탋좤ꆣ떫헢킩뫜쓑솿뮯뗄횸뇪늻쏢믡죃죋뛔럖엤뗄쫽솿뗄톡퓱탔뢶럑,뷢뻶쇋풴엤훃뗄킧싊컊쳢ꆣMinasian릫헽탔닺짺뮳틉,짵훁얼뛻믡놬돶폫짪쟫횴헕폐맘뗄믟슸춨맽풴엤훃뗄뺭볃킧싊럖컶,쮵쏷쇋뗧쫓닺욷쯤뻟폐릫돳컅,헢킩뚼떼훂쇋뗧늨풴뿉쓜놻샄폃뗄짧믡컊쳢ꆣ릲욷뗄쳘탔,떫늻쓜췪좫틀뻝엁샛췐ퟮ폅풭퓲P=MC쏢럑뿆쮹죏캪,FCC뗄쿖탐쏢럑랢럅횴헕뗄훆뛈뿉쓜믡떼쳡릩,쿠랴,틽죫볛룱믺훆룼쓜릻쪵쿖풴엤훃뗄ퟮ폅뮯ꆣ훂틔쿂컊쳢:횴헕뗄랢럅평폚믡뾼싇떽짪쟫헟뗄닆솦,틲Minasian뗄뛔죸컄뗄샭뷢쿔좻폐뛏헂좡틥횮뒦ꆣ1964듋늻뿉뇜쏢뗘쟣쿲폚쪵솦탛뫱뗄릫쮾믲룶죋;쏢럑뗃떽횴쓪,죸쏽뛻즭랢뇭쇋ꆶ릫릲닺욷폫뢶럑뗧쫓:맛뗣뗄탞헕탭뿉뫳,듓뺭볃짏붲(떱좻램싉늻퓊탭),쯻뿉틔쯦틢헽ꆷꋞ튻컄뛔쯻뗄맛뗣뷸탐뷸튻늽돎쟥ꆣꆰ컒듓캴뻍쏢럑짌뒦훃웤뗧쫓첨,짵훁붫웤룟볛돶쫛ꆣ헢컞틉뚼떼훂쇋풴튵뗧쫓뫍뢶럑뗧쫓솽훖쳥쾵쓄룶룼뫃랢뇭죎뫎맛뗣,횻쫇엤훃킧싊뗄뗍쿂ꆣ듋췢,쿖탐뗄횴헕랢럅훆뛈튲떼훂FCC쮵쏷뢶럑뗧쫓쓄엂쫇춨맽벼쫵쫖뛎업돽쇋튻늿럖쿻럑헟,쫂쪵짏볤뷓뗘펰쿬쇋탂컅ퟔ평ꆣ쏀맺쯤좻쎻폐쏷좷뗄뷚쒿쯼튲늻쓜돉캪쮽죋욷ꆣ릫릲욷뗄놾훊늻퓚폚쯼업돽튻늿럖짳닩훆뛈,떫쫇FCC뿉틔춨맽뻜뻸캪웤룼탂횴헕뛸볤뷓펰쿻럑헟ꆱꆣ죸쏽뛻즭뷸튻늽잿뗷:뢶럑뗧쫓튲쏦쇙릫릲욷뗄쿬뷚쒿쓚죝ꆣ솽쓑뒦뺳:컞램춨맽쫐뎡믺훆뷸탐뚨볛ꆣ볛룱룜룋횮쯹틔뿆쮹훷헅펦룃춨맽엄싴살럖엤맣능뗧쫓늨뛎,뗷뷚욵늻쓜랢믓ퟷ폃뗄풭틲퓚폚:뢶럑뗧쫓늢늻쫇쿱췪좫뺺헹볙싊럖엤뗄릩탨쎬뛜ꆣꆰ릫릲췁뗘뗄쪹폃헟튪쿲헾뢮뷉쓉럑뚨쿂쳖싛뗄쮽죋욷쓇퇹,쫇튻훖뻟폐맦쒣놨돪뗄뺭볃,춨폃,캪쪲쎴욵웗풴뗄쪹폃헟늻헢퇹ퟶ쓘?ꆱ틲듋뿆쮹훷헅뎣ퟱ톭뇟볊돉놾뗝퓶,뇟볊쫕틦뗝복뗄맦싉ꆣ헢튲쫇풴퓚맣능뗧쫓뗄늨뛎럖엤짏틽죫쫐뎡믺훆,춨맽엄싴랢짺뗄엤훃뗄엁샛췐ퟮ폅쳵볾(P=MC)랢믓ퟷ폃뗄잰쳡ꆣ뛸뢶붻틗돉놾쓜룼폐킧뗘쪵쿖풴엤훃뗄ퟮ폅뮯ꆣ럑뗧쫓뗄뇟볊돉놾쪼훕캪쇣,쯹틔엁샛췐ퟮ폅풭샭늢늻쫊뿆쮹뗄훷헅ퟮ훕놻FCC닉쓉ꆣ20쫀볍90쓪듺틔살,폃폚뢶럑뗧쫓뗄럖컶ꆣ쏀맺뇣뛔쳘뚨뗄컞쿟뗧욵뛎닉좡쇋춨맽엄싴랢럅탭뿉횤뗄헢뎡헹싛훁듋뷡싛쏷컺ꆣ쫂쪵짏솽캻톧헟뗄맛뗣쫇튻랽쪽ꆣ2002쓪틔살,펢맺ꆢ뗂맺뗈얷훞맺볒퓚랢럅3G탭훂뗄,벴뢶럑뗧쫓늻쫴폚쮽죋욷,늻쓜내헕엁샛췐ퟮ폅쳵뿉횤쪱,럗럗닉좡쇋엄싴뗄랽쪽ꆣퟮ탂뗄쿻쾢쫇,2006쓪볾(P=MC)뷸탐뚨볛ꆣ떱좻,뛔뗧쫓럾컱쫕럑쫇럱쓜릻8-9퓂,쏀맺뷸탐쇋웤샺쪷짏맦쒣ퟮ듳뗄욵싊엄싴ꆣ쏀맺쳡룟풴뗄엤훃킧싊,죸쏽뛻즭늢쎻폐랢뇭틢볻ꆣ떫컞싛솪냮춨탅캯풱믡(FCC)뛔90MHz욵뛎뗄1,122헅횴헕뷸죧뫎,죸뗄맛뗣퓚뷱쳬죔뻟벫룟뗄뷨본틢틥ꆣ럖컶뒫쎽뺭탐뺺뇪,ퟮ훕돉붻1,087헅,엄싴쯹뗃듯139틚쏀풪ꆣFCC볃쿖쿳쪱탨튪뾼싇쫇럱톡퓱쇋잡떱뗄럖컶릤뻟,뛸늻쫇붫뇭쪾,캴살폃폚맣능뗧쫓뗄700MHz욵뛎풴튲붫퓚벸쓪뺭볃톧샭싛뷸탐볲떥뗄샠뇈뫍욽틆ꆣ쓚쪵탐엄싴ꆣ횵뗃힢틢뗄쫇,뿆쮹늻뷶뷶맘힢맣능뗧쫓뗄늨뛎럖엤싞쓉뗂ꆤ뿆쮹(RonaldH1Coase)컊쳢,뮹뛔폚쏀맺쿖탐뗄짌튵뗧쫓훆뛈쳡돶쇋엺움,늢잿펢맺뺭볃톧볒싞쓉뗂ꆤ뿆쮹평폚뷒쪾늢돎쟥쇋뺭볃훆쇒훷헅쪵탐뢶럑뗧쫓훆뛈ꆣ뛈뷡릹뫍몯쫽훐붻틗럑폃뫍닺좨뗄훘튪탔,폚1991쓪믱뗃뿆쮹죏캪,짌튵뗧쫓쳥쾵뗄놾훊쫇뗧쫓첨튪캪뷚쒿뗄억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱ꆣ뿆쮹쿖퓚캪죋쏇쯹쫬횪뗄쫇쯻쳡돶뗄짺닺뢶돶돉놾,떫쫕뾴뷚쒿뗄맛훚컞탨뢶럑,뛸쾣췻쿲맛ꆰ붻틗럑폃ꆱ룅쓮틔벰ꆰ뿆쮹뚨샭ꆱ,뛸헢튻샭싛뗄탎돉폫훚뒫뗝맣룦탅쾢뗄맣룦훷튪쿲뗧쫓첨뢶럑,떫떥뒿뗄짌튵뿆쮹뛔맣능뗧쫓튵뗄쏜쟐맘힢폫쮼뾼쫇럖늻뾪뗄ꆣ맣룦늢늻믡컼틽죋쏇뗄퇛쟲,쯹틔짌튵뗧쫓뗄쒿뗄뻍쫇뷚ퟔ20쫀볍50쓪듺뾪쪼,뿆쮹튻횱훂솦폚퇐뺿맣능뗧쒿믹폚맣룦짌뗄짌튵샻틦살컼틽맛훚ꆣꆰ컒쏇웚듽뗄맣능뗧쫓늨뛎럖엤뗄뺭볃폫헾닟컊쳢ꆣ쯻쿈뫳랢뇭쇋죽욪쳖싛맣쫓뷚쒿늢럇살ퟔ췀럲ꆢ욡뻆쓰퓬헟뫍쏦냼쪦뗄죊낮탄,뷚능뗧쫓헾닟뗄싛컄:ꆶ맣능뗧쫓릫릲헾닟움쫶:짧믡뫍뺭볃쒿쫇헢튻랷싴맽돌훐뗄뢱닺욷ꆱꆪꆪꆪ뿆쮹뷨폃쇋퇇떱ꆤ쮹컊쳢ꆷꋟꆢꆶ맣능뗧쫓폫맣룦튵ꆢ헾뢮헾닟뗄뺭볃톧럖쏜뛔쫐뎡믺훆뗄싛쫶살쮵쏷짌튵뗧쫓뗄놾훊ꆣ컶ꆷꋠꆢꆶ뗚튻탞헽낸뗄뺭볃톧:짌욷쫐뎡뫍맛뗣쫐뎡ꆷꋡ,퓚헢튻훆뛈쿂뗧쫓첨믡능돶쪲쎴퇹뗄뷚쒿쓘?쿔좻쫇퓚헢킩컄헂훐,뿆쮹늻틅폠솦뗘엺움FCC뗄맣능뗧쫓헾쓜릻ퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘붵뗍돉놾늢쳡룟맣룦쫕죫뗄뷚쒿ꆣ헢늻뿉닟,늢쟒횸돶:뷢뻶쏀맺맣능뗧쫓튵킧싊뗍쿂뗄컊쳢,늢뇜쏢뗘떼훂짌튵뗧쫓욫샫쇋릫릲샻틦ힼ퓲뛸튻캶펭뫏릫훚ꆣ늻퓚폚룼뮻FCC뗄맙풱,뛸쫇튪뷢뻶FCC튻횱쎻폐뷢뻶뗄퓚뷚쒿톡퓱뗄쫐뎡훐,맛훚튲놻업돽퓚췢,뛸쫇평맣룦짌솽룶믹놾컊쳢:튻쫇뗧늨풴뗄럖엤랽쪽,뛾쫇맣능뗧쫓훷떼ꆣ뿆쮹죏캪,틀뾿FCC뛔탭뿉횤뗄랢럅뫍룼탂쫇늻쓜쿖듺뒫능쮫퓂뾯2008쓪뗚3웚(ퟜ뗚152웚)ꆡ99
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