2008쓪1퓂톧놨(헜톧짧믡뿆톧냦)뗚36뻭ꆡ뗚1웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡ쇉쓾듳톧JournalofLiaoningUniversity(PhilosophyandSocialSciences)ꆡ튫탔쿻럑뗄캢맛뺭볃톧믹뒡럖컶3쇵폱솼(쇉쓾듳톧톧뿆붨짨뒦,쇉쓾짲퇴110036)ꆡꆡ햪튪:평폚톧헟쏇뛔튫탔쿻럑뗄샭뷢뷇뛈늻춬,떼훂뛔튫탔쿻럑뗄퇐뺿듳뛠벯훐퓚룅쓮닣쏦뛸늻쓜짮죫,쪹폃믹뒡캢맛뺭볃톧뗄폯퇔퓲쓜쪹쳖싛훃폚춬튻욽첨횮짏ꆣ놾컄뗄럖컶쫇내헕캢맛뺭볃톧뗄럖컶싟벭,룹뻝튫탔쿻럑뗄쳘뗣,릹붨늢럖컶쇋벸룶맘폚튫탔쿻럑뗄쿻럑헟탐캪샭싛컊쳢ꆣ맘볼듊:튫탔쿻럑;쿻럑헟탐캪;캢맛뺭볃톧훐춼럖샠뫅:F06312ꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:Aꆡꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:1002-3291(2008)01-0128-07ꆡꆡ튻ꆢ뛔튫탔쿻럑뗄샭뷢쿖ퟔ벺펵폐닆뢻뫍좨솦뗄폐쿐뷗벶뗄쿻럑뻍쫇듓쪱볤풶뷼뗄뷇뛈,컒쏇뿉틔붫튫탔쿻럑룅튫쿻럑ꆣ쯻냑튫쿻럑뚨틥캪헢퇹튻훖샠탍뗄짧쓮뗄퇐뺿뮮럖캪솽듳뷗뛎:맅뗤뷗뛎뫍쿖듺뷗뛎ꆣ믡탐캪,벴춨맽쿻럑죃쯻죋쏷쇋쿻럑헟뗄뷰잮솦맅뗤뷗뛎뗄퇝뷸맽돌쿔쪾,튫탔쿻럑뗄룅쓮뺭샺솿ꆢ좨솦뫍짭럝(쿻럑헟뗄짧믡뺭볃뗘캻),듓뛸쪹쇋듓놻잴퓰ꆢퟧ훤떽놻컞뿉쓎뫎뗘뷓쫜뗄맽돌,웤쿻럑헟늩뗃죙폾,믱뗃ퟔ컒싺ퟣ뗄쿻럑탐캪ꆣ쿻럑룅쓮놾짭튲듓튻룶뻸뛔뗄뇡틥룅쓮뇤캪튻룶쒣퓚듋뗄틢틥틑늻쫇떥뒿뗄룶죋캪쇋싺ퟣ짺샭탨튪샢솽뿉뗄욫훐탔뮯룅쓮ꆣ쿖듺뷗뛎뗄퇐뺿쪹뗃뛸뛔쿻럑욷뗄뫄럑,쯼냼삨쇋룶죋캪믱뗃짧믡죏뚨튫탔쿻럑뗄룅쓮퓚놻뿍맛뗘죏횪뗄닣쏦짏늻뛏뗘쯹뷸탐뗄럇짺닺탔횧뢶ꆣ뗃틔췪짆ꆣ떱좻,Bagwell뫍Bernheim(1996)냑랲늪싗킧(튻)퓧웚뗄튫탔쿻럑몬틥펦뚨틥캪ꆰ돶폚튫닆뢻뗄탨튪,풸틢캪릦쓜쿠춬컄쿗쪷쇏쿔쪾,맺췢톧쫵뷧맘폚짝돞싛쫶훁짙뗄짌욷횧뢶룼룟뗄볛룱,뛸튫닆뢻퓲쫇캪쇋펮뗃뿉틔ힷ쯝훁싞십쮥냜뫳Augustine(릫풪410쓪)샭쿫뗄짧믡뗘캻ꆣ쯻쏇볙뚨,튫탔짌욷폫튻냣짌뗄훸ퟷ,쯻뛔짝돞뗄쏨쫶쫇짝쏒ꆢ첰삷뫍튰탄ꆣ뛔욷뗄쓚퓚릦쓜췪좫쿠춬,쯹늻춬뗄횻쫇쯼쏇놻뢳폨폚튫탔쿻럑뗄룅쓮,랲늪싗쫇퓚붫웤폫ꆰ튫탔쇋튫탔즫닊(뗋쿾믔,듷샾쟯,2005)ꆣ폐쿐ꆱ(conspicuousleisure)뗄뛔뇈훐쳡돶뗄ꆣ쯻(뛾)뛔튫탔쿻럑뗄쿖듺샭뷢죏캪ꆰ,솽헟쯹틔춬퇹뻟폐늩좡죙폾헢룶쒿뗄짏뗄20쫀볍70쓪듺잰,맺볊톧쫵뷧뛔튫탔쿻럑릦폃,쫇평폚쯹릲폐뗄샋럑헢룶틲쯘ꆣ퓚잰튻쟩뿶뗄쳖싛벯훐퓚뛔짝돞쿻럑뗄퇐뺿짏,뺡맜뛾헟퓚뻟쿂쯹샋럑뗄쫇쪱볤뫍뺫솦,퓚뫳튻쟩뿶쿂쯹샋럑뗄쳥쓚죝짏폐킩돶죫,떫듳쳥쫇튻훂뗄ꆣ쯦ퟅ맜샭톧쫇닆컯ꆣꆱ(랲늪싗,1964:68)뛔폚쿻럑쫇럱쫴폚샋샭싛뗄늻뛏췪짆,쳘뇰쫇쫐뎡펪쿺톧샭싛뗄랢햹,럑쿖쿳,랲늪싗죏캪ꆰ,맘볼컊쳢쫇퓚폚쯼쫇럱횱뷓쿠맘쇬폲뗄톧쫵돉맻붥퓶,샭싛퇐뺿뗄뿎쳢튲듓뿭폐훺폚헻룶죋샠짺믮뗄쳡룟,쫇럱퓚럇룶죋탔훊뗄랺떽풽살풽뻟쳥ꆣ용죧,Solomon(1983)뗄퇐뺿쿔틢틥쿂,폐훺폚짺믮맽돌뗄췆뷸ꆣꆱ(랲늪싗,1964:쪾,닺욷쫇죋쓚췢붻뮥ퟷ폃뗄랴펳럻뫅,뻟폐짧믡78)쫴탔ꆣ짝돞욷뗄짧믡쫴탔폈웤쏷쿔;Midgley쯹틔,랲늪싗죏캪,폃폐틢췑샫짺닺믮뚯살뇭(1983)춨맽틔쿳헷탔닺욷쿠맘뗄죋뗄폻쟳쳘헷뗄3쫕룥죕웚:2007-10-14ퟷ헟볲뷩:쇵폱솼,쓐,즽뚫낲쟰죋,쇉쓾듳톧톧뿆붨짨뒦뒦뎤,뺭볃톧뷌쫚ꆣ듓쫂샭싛뺭볃톧뷌톧폫퇐뺿ꆣ믹뷰쿮쒿:쇉쓾쪡뷌폽쳼뿆퇐쿮쒿볆뮮(쿮쒿뇠뫅:20060356)ꆣ
ꆡ뗚1웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ쇵폱솼:튫탔쿻럑뗄캢맛뺭볃톧믹뒡럖컶129럖컶,쫔춼릹붨랴펳쿻럑헟뗄쿳헷탔닺욷릺싲탐캪짏,벴짌욷ퟷ캪튻훖뇪횾믲럻뫅,쳥쿖ퟅ룶쳥쿻럑뗄뻶닟맽돌쒣탍;Roux,E.(1995)닻쫍뗀,욷없퇓헟뗄뺫짱믲탄샭폻쟳틢틥ꆣ폻쟳쮮욽풽룟,짌욷뛔짬맽돌훐,탨튪뛔쿻럑헟볛횵뷸탐움맀,틔좷뚨욷쿻럑헟뗄뺫짱틢틥풽훘튪,짌욷뗄럻뫅쳘헷풽춻없퇓짬뗄쫐뎡틢틥뫍쫐뎡죏횪;컷뛻뢥쮹첹ꆢ럆쮹돶,뇭쿖퓚짌욷짏뗄짝돞쿻럑쟣쿲풽쏷쿔(헅쏎쾼,뿋ꆢ냍쳘싼(2005)뛔랢짺퓚쏀맺쫐뎡짏뗄ꆢ벯훐폚2005)ꆣ훐닺뷗벶뗄맦쒣탔탂짝돞욷쿻럑쿖쿳ퟷ쇋싛쫶ꆣ뛾ꆢ튫탔쿻럑뗄캢맛뺭볃톧릹붨퓚짝돞쿻럑폫컄뮯틲쯘쿠맘뗄컄쿗훐,틔쿂컄쿗뗄(튻)룶죋킧폃몯쫽짨볆톧쫵릱쿗폐튻뚨듺뇭탔ꆣBarkow(1975)듓컄뮯뗄퓚틔짏샭싛뗄믹뒡짏,컒쏇쫔춼ퟷ샭싛짏뗄돩뷇뛈럖컶짝돞쿻럑뗄풭틲,떫쫇,쯻횻쫇닻쏷늻춬쿳,룸돶튫탔쿻럑뗄튻룶뷏캪튻냣틢틥짏뗄뚨뗄컄뮯놳뺰쿂뗄짝돞쿻럑몬틥늻춬;Alleres틥ꆣ뻟쳥뛸퇔,튫탔쿻럑쫇튻훖쿻럑헟늻쓜듓횱(1986)쾵춳싛쫶쇋뮯ힱ욷릤튵훐뗄룟뛋닺욷쫐뎡뷓쿻럑믱뗃킧폃,뛸횻쓜춨맽죃뇰죋횪뗀믱뗃킧폃퓚ힷ쟳틕쫵캨쏀뫍컄뮯죚뫏횮뺳뷧훐뗄늻킸얬솦,뗄쿻럑,벴듓폫뇰죋뗄쿻럑뇈뷏훐믱뗃킧폃뗄쿻웤훐컄뮯떼훂뗄틕쫵본짍솦닮틬ꆢ뛔쏀뗄뷧뚨닮틬럑ꆣ폃춨쯗뗄뮰쮵,튲뻍쫇춨맽쿲뇰죋튫뛸믱뗃뻹믡탎돉쿻럑헟뛔춬튻욷없닺욷뗄늻춬볛횵죏횪;킧폃뗄쿻럑ꆣ쯹틔,튫탔쿻럑뫍튻냣탔쿻럑뗄뻞Dubois,L.(1994)뛔12룶맺볒(뛠쫽쫇랢듯맺볒)듳닮뇰퓚폚,뫳헟뇘탫틔웤쯻죋듦퓚늢쟒믱뗃놾죋뗄짝돞쿻럑뷸탐뇈뷏퇐뺿,뷒쪾돶컄뮯닮틬믡떼훂쿻럑뗄탅쾢캪잰쳡ꆣ솽헟횮볤뗄튻룶쿔좻뗄샽ퟓ죋쏇뛔짝돞쿻럑뗄첬뛈닮틬,램맺틔웤램삼컷쏱ퟥ쫇,퓚뿋슳쯷뗄튻죋쫀뷧샯,튫탔쿻럑쫇늻듦퓚뛀쳘뗄짺믮랽쪽뫍뛔짝돞뗄뿱죈ힷ쟳퓚쫀뷧짝돞뗄,뛸튻냣탔쿻럑좴쫇뇘탫듦퓚뗄ꆣ욷튵뛀쇬럧즧;(1998)퓸뛔죥볒컒쏇죏캪,튫탔쿻럑뗄놾훊퓚폚뇰죋뛔쿻럑짧믡뫍컷랽짧믡훐뗄짝돞쿻럑뷸탐뛔뇈퇐뺿;헅솼헟뗄움볛뿉틔뷸죫룃쿻럑헟뗄킧폃몯쫽,튲뻍쫇쟅(2003)뛔튫탔쿻럑뷸탐뺭볃럖컶,늢춨맽붨쒣쮵,쿻럑헟뿉틔듓뇰죋뗄움볛훐뗃떽킧폃ꆣ럖컶쿖쪵훐튫탔짌욷ꆢ럇튫탔짌욷폫죋쏇탨쟳죧맻튻냣뗄킧폃몯쫽뿉틔뇭쪾캪U=U(X,횮볤뗄맘쾵,웤훐룶죋벰짧쟸뛔뷗닣뗄훘쫓돌뛈놻Y),웤훐X뫍Y캪솽훖쿻럑욷뗄쫽솿,U캪헢솽ퟷ캪닎쫽틽죋떽쒣탍(헅쏎쾼,2006)ꆣ훖쿻럑욷룸쿻럑헟듸살뗄킧폃ꆣ쿖퓚컒쏇볙짨웤펪쿺톧뗄뷇뛈뛔짝돞욷뷧뚨죧쿂ꆰ:짝돞욷쫇훐튻룶짌욷Y쫴폚튫탔쿻럑욷,틲듋,Y룸쿻럑볦뻟웦쳘뫍룟떵듎솽듳쳘헷뗄닺욷ꆱꆣ퓚룃뚨틥헟듸살뗄킧폃뻍늻뷶뷶뫍Y뗄쫽솿쿠맘쇋,뛸쫇훐,웦쳘뇪횾ퟅ짝돞욷뛔웤ힷ쟳헟뗄잿듳컼틽솦뫍훷튪좡뻶폚웤쯻죋뗄움볛ꆣ헢훖움볛듸살킧폃뗄폕믳솦,룟떵듎쿔쪾ퟅ짝돞욷뗄룟욷훊뫍쓑틔뷸죫듳킡좡뻶폚움볛뗄훊솿뫍쫽솿,잰헟좡뻶폚움볛헟탔쳘헷ꆣ퓚맺볊짝돞욷탐튵,짝돞욷놻뷧뚨캪ꆰ튻뗄쮮욽,죧쫇늻쫇볒,믲헟퓚룃쿻럑헟탄쒿훐뗄훖뎬돶죋쏇짺듦폫랢햹탨튪랶캧뗄,뻟폐뛀쳘ꆢ쾡뗘캻,뫳헟퓲뿉틔폃움볛헟뗄쫽솿볲떥듺쳦ꆣ헢퇹좱ꆢ헤웦뗈쳘뗣뗄쿻럑욷ꆱ,폖돆캪럇짺믮뇘탨욷ꆣ튻살,냼몬튫탔쿻럑뗄킧폃몯쫽뻍뿉틔폃튻룶탂럖컶짏쫶솽룶뚨틥,쯼쏇뻹횱뷓믲볤뷓뗘닻쏷쇋짝뗄몯쫽탎쪽뇭듯,벴돞욷뗄뛀쳘ꆢ쾡좱뫍헤맳ꆢ낺맳뗄쳘헷ꆣ듋췢,맺볊U=U(X,Y)짝돞욷탐튵쓚뗄뚨틥뮹잿뗷쇋룃샠닺욷뗄ꆰ럇뇘탨Y=Y(a)욷ꆱ쳘뗣ꆣ웤훐,a듺뇭뇰죋뛔쯻쿻럑룃컯욷뗄쿛쒽믲움튻쿮맘폚쿳헷탔릺싲탐캪뗄퇐뺿돉맻뷒쪾,룶볛뗄돌뛈ꆣ벴,탂뗄킧폃몯쫽뻍뇤캪U=U(X,Y쳥뛔짌욷뗄샭뷢뫍볛횵룐횪폐쪱쫇쿻럑헟캨컯훷(a))ꆣ틥훷떼뗄,폐쪱쫇쿻럑헟캨탄훷틥훷떼뗄ꆣ잰헟춻(뛾)볛룱폫튫탔쿻럑돶쇋펪쿺톧훐헻쳥닺욷룅쓮뗄뫋탄닣쳘훊벴닺욷11뒫춳쿻럑욷뗄볛룱폫쿻럑솿뗄맘쾵:뒫춳뗄쪹폃볛횵,뫳헟퓲춻돶쇋짌욷뗄쿳헷탔틢틥,듋탨쟳쟺쿟쪱,짌욷횻쫇돤떱튻훖쎽뷩,짌욷뗄볛횵퓚짌욷횮떱짌욷Y뗄볛룱평뾪쪼뗄P1쿂붵캪P2쪱,
130쇉쓾듳톧톧놨(헜톧짧믡뿆톧냦)ꆡꆡ2008쓪풤쯣쿟B,평B1뚯B2ꆣ죧맻쿻럑헟뗄욫뫃놣돖듓샭싛짏럖컶,컒쏇뿉틔춨맽컞닮틬쟺쿟뫍풤늻뇤,쿻럑헟뛔짌욷Y뗄탨쟳솿뿉쓜믡쯦웤ퟔ짭쯣쿟뗄춼탎췆떼돶웤탨쟳쟺쿟,죧쿂춼1뫍춼2쯹볛룱뗄붵뗍뛸퓶볓,탂뗄풤쯣쿟B2폫컞닮틬쟺쿟쪾,늻춬쿻럑욷탨쟳쟺쿟뗄탎ힴ쫇늻춬뗄ꆣ튻냣쿻쟐폚E2뗣,뗃떽ꆪ룶탂뗄ퟮ폅짌욷ퟩ뫏ꆣ쯹틔,퓚럑욷뗄탨쟳쟺쿟쫇쿲짏쟣킱뗄,뛸튫탔쿻럑욷뗄짌욷Y볛룱뗄뇤뮯맽돌훐,풤쯣쿟뻍믡랢짺뚯,탨쟳쟺쿟쫇쿲쿂쟣킱뗄ꆣ폃뺭볃톧뗄쫵폯살뷢쫍,뻍믡돶쿖튻쾵쇐탂뗄ퟮ폅짌욷ퟩ뫏뗣ꆣ벴쫕죫킧펦듳폚쳦듺킧폃ꆣ웤쪵,컒쏇튲뿉틔샭뷢캪쇋뗃떽탨쟳솿폫볛룱횮볤뗄맘쾵,컒쏇뿉틔캪,튫탔쿻럑헟뗄킧폃몯쫽훐탂퓶쇋뇤솿,벴킧냑짌욷Y탨쟳솿뗄뇤뮯뫍볛룱뇤뮯퓚춬튻룶ퟸ뇪폃몯쫽U=U(X,Y(a))훐뇰죋뗄움볛(a)ꆣ떱쾵훐뇭쪾돶살,죧폒춼1쯹쪾,뻍뿉틔뗃떽쫇쿻럑헟뗄탨쟳쟺쿟ꆣ튻냣뛸퇔,짌욷뗄탨쟳쟺쿟쫇쿲쿂쟣킱뗄,벴볛룱풽룟탨쟳솿풽뗍,헢튲놻돆캪탨쟳뚨샭ꆣ21튫욷뗄탨쟳쟺쿟튫탔쿻럑욷횸뗄쫇헢퇹뗄튻킩닺욷뫍럾컱,쯼쏇뇈춬샠짌욷훐뗄웤쯻닺욷뫍럾컱훊솿룼뫃,욷캻룼룟,튲룼죃쿻럑헟쏇탄돛짱췹,헢킩짌욷볛룱늻럆,떫쫇뮹늻훁폚낺맳뗃죃죋뿉췻뛸늻뿉벰ꆣ쫽늻쪤쫽뗄훐떵쫐뎡쿻럑헟폐쟷폅쿻럑뗄풸췻,뛸쟒,늻볆웤쫽뗄죋쏇쿖퓚쓜횧뢶뗃웰헢훖쿻럑ꆣ쯹틔,튫탔쿻럑욷뎰얪튻뻤뒫춳샏뮰ꆰ:볛잮풽룟,돉붻솿풽짙ꆣꆱ헢킩짝돞욷퓚볛룱짏뇈뒫춳짌욷볛룱룟돶탭뛠,춬쪱튲뇈뒫춳뗄뫀뮪짌욷뗄돉붻솿뛠돶탭뛠ꆣ틲듋,닺짺쇋헢퇹튻훖뷡맻:헢킩짌욷뗄춼1ꆡ튻냣짌욷뗄탨쟳쟺쿟쿺쫛튻슷짽,풶풶뎬풽쇋죋쏇쯹쫬쾤뗄볛룱ꆪꆪꆪ탨쟳쟺쿟ꆣ퓚튻샠폖튻샠뗄쿻럑짌욷뫍럾컱훐,튫탔쿻럑욷뗄쿻럑헟럗훁살,뒫춳웳튵뗄쇬춷죋럗럗실십,듓뛸쪹헻룶탐튵랢짺쇋랭쳬뢲뗘뗄뇤뮯ꆣ헢룶쿖쿳웈쪹컒쏇늻뗃늻폃튻훖탂뗄랽쪽쮼뾼쿻럑헟뗄탨쟳뫍쿻럑욷횮볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ춬쪱,쯼뮹캪웳튵쇬떼죋ힷ쟳쏎쿫ꆢ쪵쿖웳튵랢햹뫍믱뗃샻죳쳡릩쇋믺폶뫍뻞듳뗄뿕볤ꆣ튫탔쿻럑쿖쿳돶쿖퓚탭탭뛠뛠훖짌욷뫍럾컱훐,쯹짦벰뗄볛룱듓벸쏀풪떽쫽췲쏀풪늻뗈,쯹짦벰뗄쿻럑헟뗄쓪킽듓50000쏀풪떽200000쏀풪늻뗈,튫탔쿻럑헟훐폐떥짭쒸쟗ꆢ췋택럲뢾ꆢ릤ퟷ뗄떥짭튻ퟥꆢ폐몢ퟓ뗄볒춥,짵훁쯻쏇뗄돨컯튲뚼늻샽췢ꆣ춨맽닉럃쇋쫽틔냙볆뗄훐떵쫐뎡쿻럑헟,맛달쇋쇭췢쫽냙캻쿻럑헟뗄볒춥뫍릤ퟷ뎡쯹,뮹뗷닩72300캻쓪킽50000쏀풪틔짏뗄쿻럑헟,쯻쏇훐95%뗄죋쮵,ퟔ벺훁짙풸틢캪튻훖닺욷뢶뛮췢뗄룟춼2ꆡ튫탔쿻럑욷뗄탨쟳쟺쿟볛(컷뛻뢥쮹첹,럆쮹뿋,냍쳘싼,2005)ꆣ
ꆡ뗚1웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ쇵폱솼:튫탔쿻럑뗄캢맛뺭볃톧믹뒡럖컶131튫헟듓볛룱짏짽훐뗃떽뗄ꆰ튫ꆱ킧폃뗖쿻뗴쇋평폚쿻럑쫽솿퓶볓복짙뗄킧폃,쿻럑솿뻍믡쯦ퟅ볛룱뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓ꆣ(죽)쫕죫폫튫탔쿻럑11쫕죫뇤뚯폫쫕죫쿻럑쟺쿟쫕죫쿻럑쟺쿟(income2consumptionCurve),믲돆쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟(incomeoffercurve),뇭쪾떱쿻럑헟욫뫃뫍짌욷볛룱늻뇤뗄쳵볾쿂,튻쾵쇐뗄ퟮ폅짌욷ퟩ뫏쯦헟쿻럑헟쫕죫뗄뇤뮯뛸틆뚯쯹탎돉뗄쟺쿟ꆣ퓚쿂춼3뫍폒춼4훐,풤쯣쿟B1컞닮틬쟺쿟I1쿠쟐폚E1ꆣ쟐뗣쯹뛔펦뗄짌욷ퟩ뫏쫇퓚쫕죫뫍볛룱튻뚨뗄쳵볾쿂춼4ꆡ쇓뗈욷(Y)뗄쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟,룸쿻럑헟듸살ퟮ듳킧폃뗄짌욷ퟩ뫏ꆣ볙뚨웤쯻쳵볾늻뇤,뛸쿻럑헟뗄쫕죫퓶볓쇋틲듋,짌욷Y쫇튫,죧쫕죫평M1퓶볓떽M2,좻뫳퓙퓶볓떽뗄퓶볓내뇈샽듳폚짌욷XꆣM3ꆣ컒쏇틑뺭횪뗀탔쿻럑욷,튲뻍쫇짝돞욷,짌욷X쫇뇘탨욷ꆣ듋,떱볛룱늻뇤쪱,쫕죫뗄퓶볓붫떼훂풤쯣쿟쿲폒랽욽탐틆뚯쪱,쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟쿲웤훐뗄튫탔쿻럑욷췤쟺ꆣ뛸,퓲풤쯣쿟듓I1쿲I2,I3틆뚯ꆣ풤쯣쿟폫컞닮틬쟺쿟뗄쟐뗣튲쿠펦듓짏춼4뗄쟩뿶뇭쏷쿻럑욷Y뗄쿻럑쫽솿쯦ퟅ쫕죫E1틆뚯떽뗄퓶볓랴뛸복짙,틲듋,Y놻뚨틥캪쇓뗈욷ꆣE2뫍E3ꆣ냑뗣E1ꆢE2뫍E3솬뷡웰살,벴뿉뗃떽쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟ꆣ21듓쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟떽뛷룱뛻쟺쿟좻뛸쫕죋쳡릩쟺쿟뇭쪾퓚룷훖쫕죫쮮욽짏솽훖짌,늻춬쿻럑욷쫜쫕죫뇤뚯뗄펰쿬쫇늻춬뗄ꆣ떱쿻럑헟쫕죫퓶볓쪱욷쿻럑뗄쫽솿ꆣ컒쏇뿉틔폃쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟췆돶튻,쿻럑헟뛔솽훖짌욷뗄탨쟳뚼퓶볓쇋훖짌욷탨쟳뗄뇤뚯폫쫕죫뇤뚯횮볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ쏨쫶,떫뛔웤훐튻훖짌욷탨쟳퓶볓뗄뇈샽듳폚쇭튻훖짌욷ꆣ퓚쿂춼헢훖맘쾵뗄쟺쿟놻돆횮캪뛷룱뛻쟺쿟(Engel3훐,솽훖짌욷뚼쯦쫕죫퓶볓뛸퓶볓Curve)ꆣ뛷룱뛻쟺쿟뇭쪾뗄쫇,퓚쯹폐짌욷볛룱뫍,틲듋헢솽훖짌욷뚼쫇헽뎣욷,쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟뗄킱싊튻뚨쫇헽쫽ꆣ떫쿻럑헟뛔짌욷웤쯻틲쯘놣돖늻뇤쪱,쒳훖짌욷뗄탨쟳죧뫎쯦ퟅ쫕Y탨쟳죫뗄뇤뚯뛸뇤뚯ꆣ짌욷볛룱뫍웤쯻틲쯘놣돖늻뇤쪱,쒳훖짌욷뗄탨쟳죧뫎쯦ퟅ쫕죫뗄뇤뚯뛸뇤뚯ꆣ죧쿂튳춼5쯹쪾ꆣ컒쏇냑쎿튻쫕죫쮮욽M,쯹뛔펦뗄짌욷Y뗄탨쟳솿쏨믦퓚틔ퟝ훡듺뇭쫕죫,뫡훡듺뇭짌욷Y탨쟳솿뗄ퟸ뇪춼훐,뻍뿉틔뗃떽뛷룱뛻쟺쿟ꆣ늻춬샠탍뗄짌욷뻟폐늻춬탎ힴ뗄뛷룱뛻쟺쿟,뛔폚튫탔쿻럑욷뛸퇔,평폚쯼뗄탨쟳솿쯦ퟅ쫕죫뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓,뛸쟒퓶볓뗄쯙뛈튲쫇볓쯙뗄,벴쫕죫풽뛠,폃폚튫탔쿻럑뗄뇈샽뻍풽듳,쯹틔,웤뛷룱뛻쟺쿟쫇쿲짏쟣킱,떫쫇뛾뷗떼쫽쫇킡폚쇣뗄,벴춼쿱뷏캪욽뮺ꆣ떱좻,웤춼쿱쫇뿉틔춨맽쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟췆떼돶살뗄,죧춼5(a)쯹쪾ꆣ늻맽퓚췆떼춼3ꆡ튫탔쿻럑욷(X)뫍뇘탨욷(Y)맽돌훐펦룃힢틢,평폚퓚쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟뗄춼탎훐,뗄쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟튫탔쿻럑욷X쫇폃ퟝퟸ뇪뇭쪾뗄,뛸퓚뛷룱뛻
132쇉쓾듳톧톧놨(헜톧짧믡뿆톧냦)ꆡꆡ2008쓪춼5ꆡ듓쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟떽뛷룱뛻쟺쿟쟺쿟훐,튻냣냑쫕죫(M)ퟷ캪ퟝퟸ뇪,냑쿻럑욷ퟷ캪뫡ퟸ뇪,쯹틔,컒쏇샻폃45ꇣ뮻쿟,붫튫탔쿻럑솿듓ퟝퟸ뇪뮻캪뫡ퟸ뇪ꆣ샠쯆뗘,컒쏇뿉틔듓쿠펦뗄쫕죫쳡릩쟺쿟훐췆떼돶뇪ힼ욷뫍쇓뗈욷뗄뛷룱뛻쟺쿟ꆣ평폚뇪ힼ욷쯤좻튲쯦ퟅ쫕죫뗄퓶볓뛸퓶볓,떫쫇퓶볓뗄쯙뛈훰붥뇤싽,쯹틔,뛷룱뛻쟺쿟뗄킱싊풽살풽듳,벴뛾뷗떼쫽쫇듳폚쇣뗄,춼탎튲뻍뇈뷏뚸쟍,죧짏춼5(b)쯹쪾ꆣ뛸떱쫕죫듯떽튻뚨쮮욽뫳,뗍떵욷(믲헟쮵쇓훊욷ꆢ쇓뗈욷)뗄쿻럑솿쯦ퟅ쫕죫뗄퓶볓뛸복짙,쯹틔,쯼뗄뛷룱뛻쟺쿟,퓚쒳튻뗣뫳붫돶쿖뢺킱싊뗄쟩뿶,벴듓헻쳵쟺쿟뾴퓲돶쿖쇋쿲뫳췤헛뗄쿖쿳,죧폒춼6쯹쪾ꆣ(쯄)튫탔쿻럑뻹뫢뗄좷뚨평폚쿻럑쮮욽쫇쮽죋탅쾢,췢뷧컞램맛달,헢쪹뗃룶죋폐뚯믺춨맽튫탔쿻럑살헹좡샭쿫뗄짧믡뗘캻ꆣ평폚볙뚨짌욷쫇컞쿞뿉럖뗄,쯹틔튫탔쿻럑랽쪽뿉틔쫇릺싲룟볛튫탔짌욷,튲뿉틔쫇릺싲듳솿볛룱뷏뗍뗄짌욷,믲릺싲룟훊솿뗄짌욷ꆣ떱닆뢻쮮욽룟뗄쿻럑헟뫍닆뢻쮮욽뗍뗄쿻럑헟뗄컞춼6ꆡ쇓뗈욷뗄뛷룱뛻쟺쿟닮틬쟺쿟싺ퟣ쪷뇶쮹-쒪샯쮹럖샫쳵볾(Spence2
ꆡ뗚1웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ쇵폱솼:튫탔쿻럑뗄캢맛뺭볃톧믹뒡럖컶133Mirrleessortingcondition)쪱,랲늪싗킧펦늻쓜퓚쮰뗄펰쿬ꆣ떫뛔짝돞욷뗄탨쟳쫇럱췪좫좡뻶폚랲뻹뫢ힴ첬쿂쪵쿖ꆣ퓚듋쳵볾쿂,릺싲튫탔짌욷듳늪싗킧펦,폐듽쪵횤퇐뺿뗄횧돖(뗋쿾믔,듷샾쟯,듳벷햼쇋뛔럇튫탔짌욷뗄쿻럑,뛸쟒듦퓚뇟볊쳦2005)ꆣ듺싊뗝복뗄웕뇩맦싉,쯹틔뗍닆뢻쮮욽쿻럑헟폫룟죽ꆢ펰쿬튫탔쿻럑뗄웤쯼풭틲닆뢻쮮욽쿻럑헟뺺쿠릺싲튫탔짌욷(벴뷰잮뺺쿻럑늢늻볲떥뗘쫇룶죋뗄쫂쟩,틲캪쯼쳥쿖죋주)뗄돉놾룟폚쯻쏇듓훐믱뗃뗄킧폃ꆣ볈좻죧듋,뗄짧믡뗘캻,뇭듯쇋죋ힷ쟳죙폾뗄뚯믺,쯹틔늻쓜룟닆뢻쮮욽뗄쿻럑헟튲쎻폐뚯믺룟볛릺싲튫탔늻쫜쿻럑헟쯹뒦뗄짧믡뮷뺳뗄훆풼ꆣꆰ쒳룶죋뗄짺짌욷틔쟳쟸뇰폚뗍닆뢻뷗닣(웧쫓탔뛔뇈)ꆣ쯻쏇믮쮮ힼ펦떱쫇퓵퇹뗄,헢튻뗣듳늿럖뻶뚨폚쯻쯹솥퓚헢튻쳵볾쿂췪좫뿉틔춨맽퓚뗍볛캻퓶볓릺싲쫽쫴뗄쓇룶짧믡믲쓇룶뷗벶쯹릫죏뗄쿻럑쮮ힼꆣ쯹솿살튫닆뢻,쯹틔쿁틥뗄랲늪싗킧펦늻믡돶쿖ꆣ틔믡헢퇹,횱뷓풭틲쫇쪱뿌튪힢틢떽헢룶쮮ힼ,쾰퓚컷랽뺭볃톧컄쿗훐,뮹폐죴룉폫ꆰ튫탔쿻맟돉ퟔ좻,헢룶쮮ힼ틑폫쯻뗄짺믮랽쪽뫏뛸캪튻,럑ꆱ뫍ꆰ랲늪싗킧펦ꆱ쿠쯆믲쿠맘뗄룅쓮ꆣLeiben2틲듋쪹쯻폐쇋짮뿌펡쿳,죏캪횴탐헢룶쿻럑쮮ힼ쫇stein(1950)ퟮ퓧쫔춼붫짦벰쿻럑췢늿킧펦뗄쿖쿳뛔뗄,뫃뗄;볤뷓풭틲쫇릫훚랽쏦뗄볡뻶첬뛈ꆪꆪꆪ쓉죫훷쇷캢맛쿻럑샭싛,헢훖킧펦뫳살폖놻돆ퟷ쿻ퟱ쫘릫죏뗄쿻럑쮮ힼ쫇튻룶샱틇짏뗄컊쳢,틲듋늻럑췢늿탔(consumptionexternality)ꆣ뛅즭놴샯ퟱ쫘헢룶쮮ힼ쫇튪쫜떽쟡쫓ꆢ쫜떽업돢뗄ꆱꋙꆣ(1968)뫍Frank(1985)쪹폃쇋쪾킧펦(demon2쿻럑쮮ힼ좡뻶폚쿻럑헟쯹쫴뗄짧믡뮷뺳뫍떱strationeffects)튻듊ꆣ뮪죋톧헟믆폐맢(Ng,Yew2쪱춨탐뗄죙폾ힼ퓲ꆣ랲늪싗붫쿻럑럖캪캬돖짺믮Kwang,1987)퓚퇐뺿짝돞욷쮰쪱뛔ퟪ쪯킧펦(dia2쯹뇘탨뗄컯훊쇏뗄쿻럑뫍뒿듢죙폾탔뗄쿻럑솽mondeffects)뷸탐쇋뚨틥ꆣ뮪죋톧헟췵붨맺훖ꆣ죙폾탔쿻럑뛔폚룷짧믡뷗닣폈웤쫇짏닣뷗벶(1999)냑퇐뺿죋쏇ힷ쟳쿠뛔뺭볃뗘캻뗄쏻듎,죧쿠살쮵햼폐뫜훘튪뗄뗘캻,틲듋튻떩헢훖쿻럑놻쓉죫뛔쫕죫ꆢ쿠뛔쿻럑솿뫍쿠뛔킧폃뗄탐캪뫍뺭볃킧맻샱틇쿻럑뇪ힼ,돉캪짺믮랽쪽뗄튻룶ퟩ돉늿럖,튪뗄뺭볃톧럖횧돆ퟷ캻훃쿻럑샭싛(positionalcon2훕횹믲럅웺헢훖쿻럑쫇럇뎣삧쓑뗄ꆣ헢뇭쏷쇋튻sumptiontheory),늢냑캻훃쿻럑뚨틥캪ꆰ죋쏇캪쇋룶쿻럑맦싉:평볳죫짝틗,평짝죫볳쓑ꆣ웤놳뫳뗄쿠뛔뺭볃뗘캻믲쏻듎뛸뷸탐뗄쿻럑ꆱꆣCooper풭틲쫇쿻럑쮮ힼ튻뺭짨솢,뻍돉캪튻훖쾰맟,듓튻(2001)뗈죋퓲쪹폃뗘캻킧펦(statuseffects)튻듊ꆣ룶틑뺭쾰틔캪뎣뗄쮮ힼ췋좴쪱뗄삧쓑,쫇듲웆튻룶폫횮쿠뛔펦,튫탔쿻럑쯹헫뛔뗄닺욷뫍샍컱,튲틑뺭탎돉뗄쾰맟쪱뗄삧쓑ꆣ폐튫탔짌욷ꆢ럇릦쓜탔짌욷ꆢ캻훃짌욷ꆢ뗘캻짌ퟮ뫳쫇쿻럑훷틥뗄펰쿬ꆣ쿻럑훷틥닺짺폚19욷ꆢ짝돞짌욷(욷없)뫍ퟪ쪯짌욷뗈쏻돆ꆣ쫀볍쒩웚뗄쏀맺,튻샠쳘뚨뗄좺쳥,벴ꆰ놩랢뮧ꆱ믲웤쪵,Ireland(1994)틑뺭폃튻룶볲떥뗄쒣탍뗃돆ꆰ탂탋뢻뫀ꆱ쯻쏇뗄닆뢻뚼쫇탂뷼믱뗃뗄,캪쇋믱돶쇋헢룶뷡싛ꆣ떫Bagwell뫍Bernheim퓚듋믹뒡좡짧믡뗄돐죏믲늩좡죙폾,쯻쏇뷟솦쒣럂얷훞뗄맳짏뷸튻늽싛횤쇋퓚늻쓜싺ퟣ쪷뇶쮹-쒪샯쮹럖샫ퟥ,뷸탐ꆰ튫탔쿻럑ꆱꆣ쯻쏇냑튫탔쿻럑뚨틥캪쳵볾쪱(솽샠쿻럑헟뗄컞닮틬쟺쿟쿠쟐)좷쪵듦퓚춨맽쿻럑죃쯻죋쏷쇋쿻럑헟뗄뺭볃솦솿ꆢ좨솦뗄뗘랲늪싗킧펦,뛸쟒헢훖듦퓚탔퓚쿖쪵훐쫇췪좫뿉틔캻,듓뛸쪹쿻럑헟늩뗃죙폾,믱뗃ퟔ컒싺ퟣ뗄탐캪ꆣ쪵쿖뗄ꆣ듋췢,Bagwell뫍Bernheim튻퓙잿뗷뛔폐닺뷗벶퓚탄샭짏폫샍뚯뷗벶늻춬,쯻쏇뒦뒦튪쿔튫탔짌욷뗄쿻럑쫇평탨쟳쟽뚯뗄,릩룸랽쏦뗄뺺쪾ퟔ벺펵폐뷰잮솦솿뫍좨솦ꆣ뛔폚쯻쏇살쮵,쿻럑헹ힴ첬폫뻟쳥뻶닟뛔늩�뷡맻쎻폐쪵훊탔펰쿬ꆣ늻뷶뷶쫇맽튻훖폐쿐짺믮뗄쿻럑,뛸쟒뮹쫇튻훖틲듋,튫탔짌욷(쿖쪵훐뗄짝돞탔욷없짌욷)뗄볛튫뗄쿻럑ꆣ쯻죏캪,쯦ퟅ쫐뎡뺭볃뗄랢햹,냚삫웸룱튻뚨쫇쿻럑헟쓜릻뷓쫜뗄볛룱,횻튪떥캻짌욷쮰뗄쿻럑뇈폐쿐짺믮쿔뗃룼볓훘튪,룼쓜뇭쏷튻룶죋늻뎬맽볛룱폫뇟볊돉놾뗄닮뛮,볛룱뻍늻쫜짝돞욷퓚짧믡훐뗄뗘캻,룼쿔뗃쫇튻훖죙폾ꆣꋙ랲늪싗.폐쿐뷗벶싛.짌컱펡쫩망,1964쓪,틽ퟔ쿩닅(2003)ꆣ
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