뗚5뻭뗚2웚맜ꆡ샭ꆡ뿆ꆡ톧ꆡ톧ꆡ놨쓪4퓂ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡJOURNALOFMANAGEMENTSCIENCESINCHINAꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡApr.,2002웳튵짺첬폫웳튵랢햹ꋙ솺볎,룰헱훒,랶붨욽(즽컷듳톧뮷뺳폫풴맜샭톧풺,첫풭030006)햪튪:웳튵폫웤짺첬뮷뺳횮볤듦퓚ퟅ쿠뮥맘쾵,춨맽뛔웳튵짺첬틔벰평횮뛸틽웰뗄웳튵랢햹뗄쳖싛뫍뛔잰뫳릤튵짧믡뗄웳튵짺첬ꆢ웳튵탎첬벰웳튵맜샭닮틬뗄뇈뷏,쪹웳튵맜샭헟죏쪶떽늻춬뗄웳튵랢햹벰맜샭쒣쪽쫇횲룹퓚쪲쎴퇹뗄웳튵짺첬뮷뺳횮쿂,쪲쎴퇹뗄짺첬뮷뺳쫊뫏폚쪲쎴웳튵랢햹ꆢ맜샭쒣쪽ꆢ웳튵짺듦벰웤풭틲.맘볼듊:웳튵짺첬;웳튵랢햹;웳튵맜샭훐춼럖샠뫅:F270ꆡꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:Aꆡꆡꆡꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:1007-9807(2002)02-0034-070ꆡ틽ꆡ퇔춨맽헢퇹뗄퇐뺿쪵쿖뛔짺첬뮷뺳놣뮤뫍룄퓬,듯떽죋샠짧믡뿉돖탸랢햹뗄쒿뗄\[2\].춬퇹웳튵뗄짺ꆰ컯뺺쳬퓱,쫊헟짺듦ꆱ,늻떫쫊펦폚짺컯뗄랢듦폫랢햹틀삵폚쯹뒦뗄짺첬뮷뺳,웳튵퇐뺿웳튵햹,춬쪱튲쫊펦폚웳튵뗄랢햹\[1\].웳튵짺듦폚쳘뚨짺첬뻍쫇캪쇋쪵쿖웳튵쫊펦뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯,뷸탐웳뗄짺첬뮷뺳쿂,퓚튻뚨뗄짺첬뮷뺳쿂횻폐쫊펦헢튵뒴탂ꆢ퓙퓬,듯떽뿉돖탸랢햹뗄쒿뗄.웳튵짺첬훖짺첬뮷뺳뗄웳튵닅쓜짺듦폫랢햹,헢쫇웳튵짺폫ퟔ좻짺첬폐ퟅ탭뛠쿠춬뗄쳘뗣,떫듦퓚ퟅ룼뛠듦폫랢햹뗄믹놾맦싉.뗄늻춬,헢뻍뷧뚨쇋웳튵짺첬톧쯹뻟폐뗄뛀솢톧튻킩놻횤쪵쫇돉릦뗄랢햹뺭퇩펦폃퓚늻춬뗄뿆탔,뛸늻쫇튻냣짺첬톧퓚웳튵훐뗄볲떥펦폃.뮷뺳쿂췹췹믡떼훂뎹뗗뗄쪧냜,헦헽룟쏷뗄웳튵웳튵ퟷ캪웳튵짺첬훐뗄튻룶짺쏼폐믺쳥,폫볒튪쇋뷢뗄늻쫇쪲쎴쫇돉릦뗄랢햹뺭퇩,뛸쫇튪짺컯룶쳥듦퓚ퟅ훮뛠뗄틬춬뗣,쯼쏇춬퇹뻟폐짺쇋뷢헢훖뺭퇩퓚쪲쎴쳵볾쿂믱뗃쇋돉릦뫍퓚늻춬듦폫랢햹뗄폻췻ꆢ탂돂듺킻ꆢ뺭샺돉뎤ꆢ랢폽ꆢ랱쳵볾쿂붫믡떼훂쪲쎴퇹뗄뷡맻,늢룹뻝ퟔ벺쯹뒦횳ꆢ쮥샏뫍쯀췶뗄짺쏼훜웚맽돌ꆢ틅뒫폫뇤틬ꆢ짺뗄짺첬뮷뺳퇐뺿돶럻뫏헢훖뮷뺳뗄랢햹뛔닟.틲듦폫랢햹맽돌훐뗄훖쓚뫍훖볤뚷헹폫쫜ퟅ뮷뺳뗄듋,웳튵랢햹퇐뺿뗄룹놾쫇퓚폚퇐뺿ퟔ짭쯹뒦뗄톡퓱.좻뛸,퓚쿠춬뗄뇭쏦쳘헷쿂좴듦퓚ퟅ늻춬뗄짺첬뮷뺳틔벰닉좡쫊펦룃짺첬뮷뺳뗄뺭펪맜샭뛔룹놾쳘헷,웳튵랢햹폫웤짺첬뮷뺳맘쾵폐ퟅ잿쇒닟.놾컄뛔웳튵짺첬틔벰웳튵랢햹ퟷ튻룶돵늽뗄뗄ퟔ뻵쒿뗄탔ꆢ짺첬뮷뺳폫웳튵볤듦퓚ퟅ쿠뮥췆웊컶.뚯폫훆풼뗄잿뮥뚯탔.퇐뺿웳튵짺첬뻍쫇퇐뺿웳튵횮볤뫍웳튵폫뮷뺳횮볤뗄뮥뚯ퟷ폃,듓뛸퇐뺿1ꆡ웳튵짺첬웳튵죧뫎폫뮷뺳쿠쫊펦틔벰룄퓬.놾컄냑웳튵짺첬뮷뺳럖캪뺭볃짺첬ꆢ짧믡짺ꆡ웳튵짺첬뮷뺳첬ꆢퟔ좻짺첬3듳늿럖,릹돉뛠닣듎뷡릹,죧춼1짺첬(ecology),퓚짺컯톧짏풭틢쫇짺컯웜쾢쯹쪾.ퟩ돉웳튵짺첬뮷뺳뗄틲쯘놾컄돆횮캪웳튵뗄뗘랽,튲뻍쫇짺컯뗄짺듦뮷뺳.짺첬톧뗄죎컱쫇짺첬틲ퟓ.짺첬틲ퟓ뛔웳튵뗄랢햹웰ퟅ믲췆뚯믲퇐뺿짺컯횮볤뫍짺컯폫웤짺듦뮷뺳횮볤뗄맘쾵,훆풼뗄ퟷ폃.ꋙ쫕룥죕웚:2000210216;탞뚩죕웚:2002201209.ퟷ헟볲뷩:솺볎(19412),쓐,맣훝쫐죋,뷌쫚,늩쪿짺떼쪦.' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
뗚2웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ솺볎뗈:웳튵짺첬폫웳튵랢햹ꆪ35ꆪ춼1ꆡ웳튵짺첬릹돉ꆡ뺭볃짺첬틲ퟓ샍뚯솦쫐뎡틲ퟓ:웳튵튻쟐믮뚯뻹쫇틀뾿죋놾컄뷧뚨캪펰쿬웳튵닺욷믲럾컱뗄짺닺ꆢ쇷뷸탐뗄,죋쫇웳튵횮놾.떱뷱웳튵뺺헹,뗃죋닅짆춨ꆢ쿻럑쿠맘뗄틲쯘캪뺭볃짺첬틲ퟓ,냼삨:폃헟쪤.샍뚯솦쫐뎡뗄샍뚯솦릩펦ꆢ샍뚯헟쯘훊ꆢ쿻럑쫐뎡틲ퟓ:퓚쫐뎡뺭볃쿂,쿻럑쫐뎡헆컕샍뚯솦볛룱뫍샍뚯헟볛횵좡쿲잿쇒펰쿬ퟅ웳튵뗄웳튵뗄짺듦폫랢햹뗄ퟮ훕짳에좨.ꆰ웳튵뺺헹,쫐룷쿮뺭펪맜샭탐캪\[3\].뿉틔쮵웳튵맜샭뗄랢햹쪷뎡톡퓱ꆱ쫇쫐뎡뺺헹훐쳺뗄램퓲.쿻럑쫐뎡훷튪냼쪵볊짏쫇샍뚯솦쫐뎡뗄랢햹쪷.듓맅뗤맜샭떽쿖삨쿻럑쓜솦뫍쿻럑헟뛔닺욷폫럾컱뗄볛횵좡쿲.듺맜샭뗄쎿튻뷗뛎뚼뇪횾ퟅ샍뚯솦쫆첬뗄뇤잨.쿻럑헟뗄볛횵좡쿲쫇닃에웳튵뗄ퟮ훕뇪ힼ,웳튵닺튵폫닺튵뷡릹틲ퟓ:쫇횸쳘뚨뗘쟸늻춬닺튪퓚뺺헹훐믱뗃짺듦폫랢햹,맘볼쫇쓜퓚쿻럑헟튵훖샠뗄쫽솿,쯼쏇횮볤뗄엤뇈벰쿠뮥ퟷ폃맘쾵.퓚춬튻뗄횧뢶쳵볾쿂,쓜캪쿻럑헟쳡릩룼뛠싺ퟣ튻룶뗘쟸닺튵뷡릹뗄엤뇈뫏샭붫폐훺폚룃뗘쟸뗄쿻럑헟훷맛볛횵뗄닺욷믲럾컱.웳튵랢햹,랴횮퓲ퟨ낭웳튵뗄랢햹.컯쫐뎡틲ퟓ:웳튵뗄믮뚯쫇붨솢퓚컯뗄붻춨틲ퟓ:쎻폐뇣샻뗄붻춨뮷뺳,뻍쎻폐짌욷릩펦쮮욽뫍웳튵뗄뿉믱뗃쯹탨튪뗄컯쓜솦믹뒡뗄쇷춨ꆢ죋닅ꆢ벼쫵뗄붻쇷,뺭볃랢듯뗄맺볒뫍뗘횮짏뗄.컯쫐뎡훐믵풴릩룸뗄돤풣뛈ꆢ믵뮧쫽솿쟸쫇붨솢퓚ꆰ춨듯ꆱ뗄믹뒡짏,폈웤쫇뿧맺릫쮾뗄폫뺺헹ꆢ볛룱쮮욽폫컈뚨탔ꆢ릩믵뗄뿬뷝탔뚼붫펰랢햹룼탨튪붻춨뗄폐솦횧돖.쿖듺뗄뿧맺릫쮾훐쿬웳튵뗄랢햹.튻볾췪헻뗄닺욷쯹냼몬뗄룷룶늿볾뿉쓜믡쫇퓚쫀뷰쫐뎡틲ퟓ:뷰쪼훕쫇훆풼웳튵랢햹뗄뷧룷뗘짺닺돶살뗄,죧맻쎻폐랽뇣ꆢ랢듯뗄붻춨룹훷튪틲쯘.쿖듺웳튵뷶욾ퟔ벺믽샛뗄뷰쒱쟳랢놾늻뿉쓜쪵쿖.햹벸뫵쫇늻뿉쓜뗄.웳튵탫뻟폐쓜듓뷰쫐뎡믱춨톶틲ퟓ:웳튵뗄뺭펪맜샭쪵훊쫇탅쾢쫕벯ꆢ뗃랢햹쯹탨튪뗄뷰뗄쓜솦.뷰쫐뎡뗄랢폽돌듦뒢ꆢ닺짺뫍랢늼뗄맽돌,헢맽돌탨폐랽뇣폫뿬뷝뛈뛔헻룶짧믡뗄웳튵랢햹닺짺훁맘훘튪뗄펰쿬.뗄춨톶쫖뛎살횧돖.떱뷱짧믡쯹좡뗃뗄랢햹뫜듳' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆪ36ꆪ맜ꆡ샭ꆡ뿆ꆡ톧ꆡ톧ꆡ놨ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ2002쓪4퓂돌뛈쫇틀뾿듓짏쫀볍쒩뾪쪼뗄춨톶벼쫵뗄룯쏼,뚯ퟷ폃.뫜쿔좻퇘몣뗘쟸뷏쓚슽뗘쟸폐폅쫆,뾿뷼뒴퓬돶튻듺뇈튻듺쿈뷸뗄춨톶릤뻟.웳튵횻폐퓚랢듯뗘쟸뷏풶샫랢듯뗘쟸폐폅쫆.췪짆ꆢ뇣샻뗄춨톶뮷뺳쿂닅쓜톸쯙믱뗃뮷뺳폫웳ퟔ좻풴틲ퟓ:ퟔ좻풴냼삨쮮풴ꆢ짺컯튵쓚늿뗄탅쾢,뛔톸쯙뇤뮯뗄ힴ첬벰쪱랴펦뷸탐풴ꆢ뿳컯풴ꆢ췁뗘풴ꆢ웸뫲풴ꆢ듳웸풴.돤뻶닟,킭뗷쓚췢룷랽쏦맘쾵.ퟣ뗄ퟔ좻풴쪹웳튵뗄뺭펪쮳샻뷸탐,솼뫃뗄ퟔ맺볊뺭볃틲ퟓ:퓚맺볊뺭볃훐,맘쮰ꆢ믵뇒믣좻뮷뺳쓜컼틽듳솿뗄뷰춶죫.싊ꆢ쟸폲탔뗄뺭볃춬쏋ꆢ맺볊뷰죚뫍뺭볃램맦뚼뛔ꆡ웳튵폫짺컯뷧뛔짺첬뮷뺳맘쾵뗄닮틬웳튵퓚맺볊쫐뎡랢햹웰ퟅ훆풼믲췆뚯뗄ퟷ폃.맘웳튵폫짺컯뷧춬퇹튪쫊펦웤쯹뒦뗄짺첬뮷쮰폫믵뇒믣싊뛔웳튵뗄뷸돶뿚쎳틗ꆢ맺볊춶폐뺳,쯼뗄랢햹쫜ퟅ뮷뺳뗄톡퓱,좻뛸쯼쏇횮볤폖폐뫜듳뗄펰쿬.뫜듳뗄닮틬,훷튪뇭쿖캪:ꆡ짧믡짺첬틲ퟓ1ꇣ퓚짺첬풴뗄샻폃짏컄뮯틲ퟓ:쫇횸웳튵쯹퓚뗘쟸틔벰웳튵뺭펪듳뛠쫽짺컯(뫲쓱뗈짺컯췢)쫇웜쯞폚쒳튻뮷쯹짦벰뗘쟸죋좺뗄컄뮯.컄뮯쳘헷뗄훷쳥쫇뗀뗂뺳훐뗄,횻쓜샻폃룃뗘쟸뗄짺첬풴,뛸웳튵퓲쫇맛쓮ꆢ볛횵맛쓮ꆢퟚ뷌폫럇ퟚ뷌탅퇶뗈.튻룶뗘쟸뿧뗘쟸샻폃웳튵짺첬풴.웳튵횻폐쓜춬쪱컼쫕뗄컄뮯탎첬뛔웳튵닺욷욷훖ꆢ탎첬뗄뿉뷓쫜돌뛈ꆢퟅ늻춬뗘쟸ퟮ폅짺첬풴,뷸탐폅뮯ퟩ뫏닅쓜좡웳튵뺭펪맜샭뗄쒣쪽웰ퟅ뫜듳뗄ퟷ폃.뗃헦헽뗄랢햹.웳튵늻뷶탨튪퇐뺿쯹퓚뗘뗄웳튵뷌폽틲ퟓ:뷌폽늻뷶뻶뚨쇋샍뚯솦뗄쯘훊,뛸짺첬,늢쟒룼탨튪퇐뺿좫쟲뗄웳튵짺첬.뿧맺릫쮾쟒뻶뚨쇋헻룶뗘쟸뗄컄뮯맛쓮ꆢ뗀뗂쮮욽,짵훁펰뗄돶쿖룼듙뷸좫쟲웳튵짺첬쳥쾵튻쳥뮯.뿉틔풤쿬ퟅ짧믡뗄컈뚨탔.쇏,퓚늻뻃뗄붫살,춳훎뺭볃쇬폲뗄붫쫇뿧맺짧믡훆뛈폫헾닟틲ퟓ:튻룶맺볒폫뗘쟸뗄짧릫쮾.믡훆뛈뫍헾닟뛔웳튵뗄랢햹췹췹웰ퟅ뻶뚨탔뗄펰2ꇣ퓚뛔뮷뺳뗄랴ퟷ폃짏쿬.쯼ퟳ폒ퟅ튻룶맺볒뗄뺭볃훆뛈ꆢ닺튵뷡릹ꆢ쫐짺컯폫웳튵춬퇹뛔뮷뺳닺짺랴ퟷ폃,룄퓬뮷뎡뷡릹ꆢ탐튵폫웳튵뗄쫴탔폫탐캪ꆢ춶뮷뺳뫍뷸뺳,떫웳튵뛔웤짺첬뮷뺳웰ퟅ룼잿쇒뗄랴ퟷ폃.웳돶뿚쎳틗.튵랢햹늻뷶퓚폚쫊펦뮷뺳,뛸쟒룼캪훘튪뗄쫇훷맺볊헾훎틲ퟓ:쯦ퟅ좫쟲뺭볃뗄튻쳥뮯뗄랢뚯룄퓬웤짺첬뮷뺳.웳튵뗄랢햹뇘좻튪쟳헾뢮뗄햹,맺볊맘쾵퓚웳튵뗄랢햹훐웰ퟅ풽살풽훘튪뗄헾닟럻뫏웳튵랢햹뗄쒿뗄;웳튵퓚튻룶뗘쟸랢햹ퟷ폃.맺볊맘쾵뗄뮺뫍폫뛔뾹믡ퟳ폒ퟅ웳튵쫇럱뇘좻닺짺뻛벯킧펦,늢듸뚯웤쯼닺튵뗄랢햹,춬쪱뿉틔쿲좫쟲뮯랢햹.쪹뗃붻춨ꆢ춨톶ꆢ뷌폽뗄췪짆뮯;웳튵뗄짺듦뺺헹뿆톧벼쫵틲ퟓ:뿆벼뻶뚨쇋닺욷탎첬ꆢ닺욷룼폐솦뗘췆뚯뿆톧벼쫵뗄랢햹;쳘뇰쫇떱뷱뿧맺릫탂랢햹쯙뛈ꆢ닺튵탎첬ꆢ쫐뎡뺺헹탎첬틔벰뺭펪맜쮾뗄랢햹퓬돉ꆰ컒훐폐쓣,쓣훐폐컒ꆱ뗄뻖쏦,폐솦샭뿉쓜샻폃뗄벼쫵탎첬,늢잿쇒펰쿬ퟅ죋샠짺믮뗘듙뷸쇋맺볊헾훎ꆢ뺭볃ꆢ컄뮯ꆢ뿆벼맘쾵뗄뇤뮯.랽쪽ꆢ컄뮯맛쓮,쯼붫룄뇤맺볒ꆢ뗘쟸뗄솦솿뛔뇈,3ꇣ퓚짺첬죝솿짏듓뛸룄뇤뗘쟸폫맺볒볤뗄맘쾵.쎿튻듎훘듳뗄뿆짺컯뗄짺첬죝솿쫇평ퟔ좻뮷뺳쯹좷뚨뗄,뛸톧벼쫵룯쏼뚼뇘붫틽웰짺닺솦뗄뻞듳쳡룟,탂닺웳튵뗄짺첬죝솿뿉틔평웳튵ퟔ짭폫뮷뺳릲춬뒴욷놬햨탔뗄퓶뎤,탂뗄닺튵늻뛏펿쿖,틽웰웳튵뫍퓬.퓚잰릤튵짧믡뗄훐뫳웚,평폚벼쫵랢햹폫닺욷웳튵짺첬뗄춻뇤.룼탂쿠뛔뮺싽,릤튵짺닺훷튪틀삵폚ퟔ좻풭닄쇏ꆡퟔ좻짺첬틲ퟓ뫍짺닺뷏뎤웚믹놾늻뇤뗄닺욷,짧믡뮯듳짺닺뗄ퟔ좻짺첬쫇횸웳튵쯹뒦뗄뗘폲뗘풵폫ퟔ좻뺺헹,뇘좻뫜뿬퓬돉ퟔ좻풴뗄뛌좱뫍쫐뎡뗄놥풴.뫍,폚쫇닺짺헹좡ퟔ좻풴뫍쫐뎡뗄벤쇒뺺헹,늢뗘폲뗘풵틲ퟓ:뗘풵뮷뺳쫇횸쿠쇚뗘쟸뗄뺭훜웚탔뗘랢짺짺닺맽쪣뫍뺭볃캣믺,짵훁틲듋뛸볃ꆢ헾훎ꆢ컄뮯ힴ첬뫍뿉쓜릹돉뗄붻춨ꆢ춨톶쳵볾.틽랢솽듎쫀뷧듳햽.죧뫎뷢뻶풭닄쇏뗄릩펦뫍쫐뫏쫊뗄뗘폲뗘풵뮷뺳뛔웳튵뗄돉릦웰ퟅ뫜듳뗄췆뎡뗄놥뫍컊쳢ꆪꆪ튲뻍쫇웳튵랢햹뗄짺첬죝솿컊' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
뗚2웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ솺볎뗈:웳튵짺첬폫웳튵랢햹ꆪ37ꆪ쳢돉캪뺺헹탔쫐뎡뺭볃퇐뺿뗄맘볼.쪵볊짏웳튵퓚맑춷뛀햼.뺺헹탔뗄랢햹,듙뷸쇋벼쫵폫닺욷늻뛏뗄뒴탂ꆢ퓶죧맻룼싺ퟣ쿂쏦쳵볾,퓲돆캪샭쿫웳튵짺첬볓쇋탂뗄뻍튵믺믡,듓뛸늻뛏삩듳짺첬죝솿.쳘뇰욽뫢:떽쿖듺,죋샠뿉틔뒴퓬죋릤닄쇏쳦듺ퟔ좻닄쇏,뿉3)죎뫎웳튵뷸죫죎뫎뗘쟸ꆢ죎뫎닺욷믲럾컱틔뛔닄쇏뗄훘뢴샻폃살복짙뛔쳬좻닄쇏뗄쿻뫄;쫐뎡,돽웳튵볤뺺헹췢,늻듦퓚죎뫎헏낭.뿉틔늻뛏췆돶탂닺욷살뒴퓬탂뗄쿻럑.틔벼쫵뒴쪵볊짏듓살캴돶쿖맽헦헽뗄짺첬욽뫢,횻폐탂살뒴퓬짺첬죝솿쫇떱뷱횪쪶짧믡훐웳튵짺첬톧뷓뷼욽뫢뗄뚯첬퇇욽뫢.뗄훷튪쳘헷.ꆡ탐튵짺첬솴2ꆡ웳튵뺺헹폫웳튵뷸뮯짺컯짺첬쫇평짺컯볤뗄늶쪳맘쾵릹돉뗄쪳컯솴폫쪳컯췸살캬돖짺컯짺첬뗄톭뮷퓋,룷훖짺ꆡ헹뛡룟짺첬캻뗄웳튵뺺헹컯횮볤쫇튻훖ꆰ뮥훺뫏ퟷꆱ뗄맘쾵,좱짙죎뫎튻훖퓚쫐뎡뺭볃뗄뮷뺳쿂,죎뫎웳튵뚼듦퓚헹좡짺컯뚼믡룸짺첬퓬돉믙쏰탔뗄듲믷,쪹짺컯짺첬룼룟짺첬캻뗄잿쇒폻췻,뚼쾣췻돉캪탐튵뗄샏듳,쪧뫢,짺첬췋뮯.짺첬솴훐,튻냣쫇평뗍벶짺컯떽짵훁뛀햼쫐뎡.웳튵퓚헹뛡짺첬캻뗄뺺헹훐,췹췹룟벶짺컯돊쿖돶뷰ퟖ쯾뗄탎ힴ,뒫뗝뗄쓜솿훰붥쫇춨맽퓚쫐뎡훐쳔청뺺헹뛔쫖살쪵쿖뗄.샽죧춨복짙,짺컯쫽솿튲훰붥복짙.퓚ퟔ좻짺첬쳵볾쿂,맽쪹폃뎬뗍볛룱뗄즱짋탔볛룱햽믷냜뛸뫳췌늢뛔튻룶뗘쟸뗄짺컯뇘탫릹돉쳘뚨뗄짺첬솴\[4\].춬퇹,쫖;춨맽웳튵뫏늢퓶잿쪵솦믷냜뛔쫖;춨맽닺욷뒴웳튵뗄짺듦듦퓚ퟅ쿠뮥틀듦뗄맘쾵,탎돉쇋ꆰ탐튵탂퓚쫐뎡짏쳔청뛔쫖뗈뗈닟싔.쿖듺웳튵뚼쇋뷢,짺첬솴ꆱ,내쯼쏇뗄틀듦맘쾵뿉쮳탲럖캪ꆰ짏ꆢ훐ꆢ뒫춳볛룱햽뗄즱짋닟싔췹췹쫇솽냜뻣짋,늢뿉쓜쿂폎ꆱ탐튵,쿂벶캪짏벶닺욷뗄쿻럑헟.좻뛸,웳튵놻췢살뺺헹헟쯹뛳즱.떱뷱웳튵뺺헹룼뛠쫇닉좡폫짺컯늻춬,늻쫇쎿룶뗘쟸뚼듦퓚ퟅ쳘뚨췪헻뗄닺욷폫럾컱뒴탂뫍뫏늢삩햹뗄닟싔.닺욷폫럾컱짺첬솴,쯼튪쟳돤럖샻폃웳튵짺첬풴뷸탐쟸폲뒴탂뺺헹뛔죋샠짧믡랢햹웰ퟅ훘튪뗄믽벫ퟷ폃,럖릤닺짺벯뷡탔맦쒣뺭볃킧펦.쯼캪죋샠쳡릩룼뛠룼뫃뗄닺욷,뒴퓬룼뛠뗄뻍튵ꆡ웳튵짺첬캻믺믡,쳡릩룼뫃뗄럾컱\[5\].튻룶웳튵쓋훁튻룶탐튵퓚웳튵짺첬듳뮷뺳훐ꆡ웳튵뷸뮯뚼폐튻룶쏷좷뗄캻훃,놾컄돆횮캪ꆰ웳튵짺첬캻웳튵폫짺컯튻퇹뚼뒦폚늻뛏뷸뮯뗄맽돌훐,(enterpriseecologicalniche)ꆱ.웳튵짺첬캻폫짺좻뛸쯻쏇좴폐ퟅ쏷쿔뗄닮틬.짺컯뗄뷸뮯쫇쯦믺컯짺첬캻ퟮ듳뗄늻춬뻍퓚폚:짺컯뗄짺첬캻쫇놻뇤틬뫍놻뚯뗘뷓쫜ퟔ좻뮷뺳뗄톡퓱,퓚뷸뮯뗄맽뚯뗄ퟔ좻톡퓱뗄뷡맻,쿠뛔살쮵쫇뇈뷏컈뚨뗄,뛸돌훐,뮷뺳횻쓜놣쇴짺컯뗄뇤틬쳘탔,뛸늻쓜틽랢웳튵짺첬캻퓲쫇훷뚯톡퓱뫍뺺헹탐캪쯹뻶뚨뗄,짺컯뗄뇤틬,틲뛸늻쓜탎돉잿쇒뗄헽랴삡뗄맽돌.쟒뺭뎣랢짺뇤뚯.웳튵퓚탐튵훐뗄짺첬캻쫇웳튵쯹틔,짺컯뗄ퟔ좻뷸뮯맽돌쫇뮺싽뗄.횻폐퓚ퟔ좻퓚탐튵쓚뺺헹쪵솦뗄뇪횾.뮷뺳닺짺벤뇤쪱,짺컯닅쓜닺짺춻뇤뗄뷸뮯,쿱듳ꆡ웳튵짺첬욽뫢풼퓚6틚쓪잰몮커볍뗄벸냙췲쓪훐탎돉뗄뻸듳뛠웳튵ퟷ캪죋샠믮뚯뗄닺컯,웳튵짺첬욽뫢펦쫽컞벹ힵ뚯컯돶쿖뗄듳놬햨,퓚2틚2잧5냙췲틔쫇럱쓜췆뚯죋샠짧믡랢햹ꆢ퓶뷸죋샠ퟜ쳥뢣샻쓪잰뗄벸냙췲쓪훐,뗘쟲폐튻냫몣퇳짺컯쏰뻸틔캪ힼ짾.틀뻝헢틢틥,놾컄냑웳튵짺첬욽뫢뚨벰퓚7잧췲쓪잰폖폐25%컯훖룙쏰뻸,늢쪹늸죩틥캪:샠뚯컯뷸죫컨첨.헢훖춻뇤뷸뮯,쫇평뗘쟲뮷뺳닺웳튵짺첬뮷뺳싺ퟣ틔쿂쳵볾돆캪웳튵짺첬짺춻뇤뗄뷡맻\[6\].웳튵뷸뮯퓲늻춬.웳튵뗄뷸뮯늢욽뫢:늻쫇쯦믺뗄,쫇평폚웳튵뺺헹뗄톹솦ꆢ쫐뎡톡퓱폫1)샍뚯솦쫐뎡ꆢ짺닺컯릩펦쫐뎡ꆢ쿻럑쫐쫐뎡탨쟳뗄폕떼뫍랴폕떼뛸닺짺훷뚯탐캪뗄뷡뎡ꆢ뷰쫐뎡릩쟳욽뫢;맻,탎돉잿쇒뗄헽랴삡톭뮷.헢훖잿쇒뗄헽랴삡뗄2)죎뫎닺욷폫럾컱뻹듦퓚훚뛠뗄웳튵,늻듦ퟷ폃,탎돉쇋틔쿂톸쯙뷸뮯뗄헽랴삡맽돌(죧춼2).' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆪ38ꆪ맜ꆡ샭ꆡ뿆ꆡ톧ꆡ톧ꆡ놨ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ2002쓪4퓂춼2ꆡ웳튵뷸뮯ꆡꆡ쫐뎡톡퓱뗄뺺헹톹솦쫇퓚쫐뎡뺭볃쿂웳튵뷸탔뗄랢햹.뮯뗄룹놾췆뚯솦.쎻폐쫐뎡뺺헹뗄톹솦,웳튵뷸뮯ꆡ듓ퟔ평뺺헹ퟟ쿲슢뛏뻍쎻폐뚯솦;쎻폐뿆벼랢햹,뷸뮯뻍쎻폐틀뾿;쎻웳튵퓚헹뛡짺첬캻뗄뺺헹훐,믲춨맽볛룱햽ꆢ폐쫐뎡탨쟳틽떼닺욷뫍닺욷틽떼쫐뎡뗄쮫쿲틽떼믲춨맽볦늢ꆢ뫏늢뗈랽램살뛳즱뛔쫖,쪹놾ꆢ죋뻍쎻폐헽랴삡뗄볓쯙.웳튵뷸뮯죧춬짺컯뷸뮯튻닅풽살풽벯훐폚짙쫽벸룶웳튵훐,죴쎻폐췢볓솦퇹,춬퇹믡돶쿖듳놬햨폫듳쏰뻸,짺컯뗄듳놬햨폫솿뗄룉짦뇘좻ퟟ쿲맑춷뛀햼뗄슢뛏뻖쏦.죧짏쯹듳쏰뻸풭틲떽쒿잰죔좻늻쟥돾\[7\],뛸웳튵랢햹뗄쫶,ퟔ평뺺헹뗄쫐뎡톹솦듙뷸웳튵뒴탂췆뚯뿆톧듳놬햨폫듳쏰뻸풭틲뚼쫇살풴폚훘듳뗄뿆톧쮼쿫벼쫵뗄랢햹,춬쪱훚뛠웳튵퓚헹뛡쿻럑쫐뎡폫샍뫍훘듳벼쫵뗄룯쏼탔뗄랢햹.헴웻믺벼쫵뗄쪹폃뚯솦쫐뎡뗄뺺헹훐,쯼쏇튪뷓쫜쿻럑헟뫍샍뚯헟냑죋샠듸죫릤튵짧믡;쓚좼믺뗄랢쏷,쪵쿖쇋뿆톧뗄톡퓱,헽죧퇇떱ꆤ쮹쏜쯹쮵뗄ꆰ짏뗛횮쫖ꆱ퓚뗷벼쫵폖튻듎훘듳춻웆,돶쿖탂뗄닺튵ꆪꆪ웻뎵뫍뷚쫐뎡,쪹닺욷볛룱뫍샍뚯솦볛룱쟷폚뫏샭.튻떩몽뿕벰웤쿠맘닺튵;랢뗧믺뫍뗧뚯믺뗄돶쿖ꆢ쪹죋슢뛏탎돉퓲믡:ퟨ낭뿆톧벼쫵뗄랢햹;쯰몦쿻럑헟샠뷸죫뗧웷뮯뗄쪱듺,돶쿖뗧웷릤튵,쪹죋샠틔벰뗄샻틦뫍샍뚯헟뗄샻틦,짵훁닙ퟝ헾뢮뗄탐캪.튻웳튵틔춻량뗄랢햹;볆쯣믺벼쫵뗄랢쏷,듸살뗄펰킩톧헟죏캪,쏀맺맨마횮쯹틔좡뗃뎣탋뗄랢햹폐쿬룼쫇뿕잰뗄,쪹죋샠뷸죫쇋탅쾢짧믡뗄쪱듺,탅4룶훘튪뗄짺첬틲ퟓ:튻쫇폐잿폐솦뗄듳톧퇐뺿쾢닺튵돉캪헻룶닺튵쳥쾵뗄횧훹,횪쪶죋닅돉캪쯹뗄퇐랢횧돖;뛾쫇폐듳엺룟뿆벼웳튵닎폫뺺헹;웳튵짺듦폫랢햹ퟮ훘튪뗄풴,웳튵짺첬랢짺쇋죽쫇폐잿듳뗄룟뿆벼뾪랢맜샭솦솿;쯄쫇폐잿폐룹놾뗄뇤뮯,웳튵맜샭훐탄평쫐뎡붻틗뇤캪틔솦뗄룟뿆벼닺욷뗄뺭펪솦솿\[8\].웤훐폐듳엺룟뿆죋캪놾뗄ퟩ횯ꆢ벤샸뫍볠뚽맜샭뛔닟.쎿튻듎뚼쫇벼웳튵닎폫뺺헹쫇쪮럖훘튪뗄.튻룶맺볒뗄웳튵죋샠뿆톧벼쫵랢햹쪷짏뗄훘튪헛뗣,듙쪹탂닺퓚맺볊뺺헹훐,탨튪튻뚨뗄맦쒣,쳘뇰뛔폚랢햹훐욷ꆢ탂탐튵늻뛏펿쿖,튲퓬돉쇋탭뛠뻉닺튵듳쏰맺볒,웳튵맦쒣첫킡퓲쎻폐닺욷뗄퇐랢솦솿폫맺췶,늢떼훂맜샭탎첬뗄뇤잨.볊쫐뎡뾪췘솦솿,좻뛸,웳튵뗄맦쒣맽뛈엲헍붫믡ꆡ웳튵랢햹뗄틅뒫폫퇝뷸퓚맺쓚ퟟ쿲슢뛏,ퟨ낭폐랢햹잰춾뗄훐킡탍웳튵ퟔ1912쓪태뇋쳘쳡돶웳튵뒴탂,쳘뇰쫇뗄랢햹늢쯰몦쿻럑헟뫍샍뚯헟뗄샻틦.1990쓪맾쒬쳡돶웳튵퓙퓬릤돌틔살,웳튵뒴탂랢ꆡ헾뢮룉풤ꆪꆪ랴슢뛏폫캬뮤웳튵짺첬욽뫢햹돉캪떱뷱웳튵랢햹퇐뺿뗄훷쳢쓚죝.떫쫇,웳튵슢뛏웆뮵쇋쫐뎡뺭볃훐뗄웳튵뺺헹짺첬욽뗄뒴탂맽돌훐,웳튵뗄틅뒫틲ퟓ웰ퟅ늻뿉뫶쫓뗄뫢,닺짺짏쫶뗄퇏훘뫳맻.헽죧쇐쓾쯹횸돶뗄:ퟷ폃.웳튵틅뒫쫇웳튵퓚랢햹맽돌훐탨튪볌돐뗄놾훷틥짧믡뗄컞뿘훆뗄ퟔ평뺺헹뇘좻ퟟ쿲슢뛏쪹믹훊.퓚뻸듳뛠쫽뗄쟩뿶쿂,웳튵뗄랢햹늻뿉틔췪놾훷틥짧믡ퟟ쿲뗛맺훷틥뷗뛎,닺짺훜웚탔뗄좫췑샫뾪풭폐닺욷폫럾컱뗄믹훊,튲늻뿉쓜췪좫뺭볃캣믺뫍틽랢쫀뷧듳햽.닺뷗벶톧헟캪쇋뷢룄뇤웳튵맜샭쒣쪽,쿖듺웳튵퓚듳솦뷸탐웳튵뒴뻶뺭볃캣믺,펢맺뺭볃톧볒뾭뛷쮹쫗쿈쳡돶헾뢮탂뗄춬쪱잿뗷ꆰ릲춬뺭펪훷쿟ꆱ,헢뻍쫇웳튵랢햹룉풤뗄쮼쿫,30쓪듺쏀맺ퟜ춳싞쮹뢣캪쇋뷢뻶쏀맽돌훐뗄틅뒫폫퇝뷸.쎤쒿쎰뷸뗄웳튵좫탂뒴탂,맺뺭볃캣믺,쪵쪩헾뢮룉풤뗄탂헾,쳘뇰쫇뛾햽붫쪹웳튵췪좫즥쪧풭폐뗄닺욷폫럾컱폅쫆,쿺쫛뫳,놾훷틥짧믡뚼돶쿖쇋늻춬돌뛈뗄헾뢮룉풤폫럾컱쟾뗀폅쫆뫍풭폐뗄맜샭폅쫆,헢쫇쪮럖캣헾닟,쳡돶늻춬돌뛈뿘훆슢뛏랢햹뗄랴슢뛏램낸,쿕뗄.뫏샭뗄웳튵뒴탂랢햹늻쫇뛔맽좥뗄럱뚨뛸웳춼캬뮤웳튵뺺헹짺첬욽뫢\[9\].쫇ꆰ퇯웺ꆱ,쫇퓚놣듦풭폐뫏샭뗄믹훊짏뷸탐뒴탂쏀맺랴슢뛏램퓸뛔싥뿋럆샕닰럖,ퟮ뷼쏀맺' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
뗚2웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ솺볎뗈:웳튵짺첬폫웳튵랢햹ꆪ39ꆪퟮ룟램풺폖뛔뿘훆쇋좫쫀뷧룶죋볆쯣믺닙ퟷ쾵춳튵뺺헹짺첬뮷뺳랢짺쇋룹놾뗄뇤뮯,뿆톧벼쫵폫뗄90%틔짏뗄쫐뎡,늢샻폃듋폅쫆붫샀웷뷸탐죋닅돉캪웳튵랢햹ퟮ훘튪뗄풴,돉캪킡놾돔삦냳쪽쿺쫛뗄캢죭릫쮾쳡돶늢춨맽쇋튻럖캪뛾뗄뗴듳놾뗄짱허.틀뾿죋닅뿆벼뷸탐닺욷럾컱뒴닰럖뻶틩.좻뛸떱뷱놾훷틥맺볒훐슢뛏웳튵쪵탂돉캪떱뷱웳튵랢햹룹놾뗄햽싔,죋솦풴맜샭볊뿘훆ퟅ헾뢮뗄탐캪,뛔캢죭릫쮾뗄횸뿘틠뷶뷶돉캪웳튵맜샭뗄맘볼,틔훁웳튵맜샭평짺닺폫쫐쫇ꆰ샻폃폅쫆붫샀웷뷸탐삦냳쪽쿺쫛,틔늻헽떱뎡붻틗훷훡틆떽틔죋캪놾뗄ퟩ횯ꆢ벤샸ꆢ볠뚽훷쫖뛎슢뛏쫐뎡ꆱ.듳웳튵뗄뫏늢ꆢ볦늢늻뛏ퟟ쿲맺훡짏.볊슢뛏뗄랢햹헽돉캪탂뗄럧뎱.ꆡ탅쾢짧믡짺첬쿂웳튵뺺헹뗄짱허ꆪꆪ뿆벼뒴탂폫짟쓜췌쿳3ꆡ싔첸잰뫳릤튵짧믡웳튵짺첬폫웳짟쓜췌쿳놾살쫇탩릹뗄맊쫂.퓚놾훷틥릤튵뇤잨튵짧믡훐,ퟜ쫇듳폣돔킡폣,좻뛸퓚탅쾢짧믡훐,킡놾ퟮ훕돔뗴풭살뗄듳놾좴쫇싅볻늻쿊,떱ꆡꆡ잰뫳릤튵짧믡웳튵짺첬뮷뺳ꆢ웳튵탎첬벰웳뷱맺볊짏탭뛠뻞ퟓ맽좥뻹쫇컞쏻킡ퟤ,뛸탭뛠맽튵맜샭닺짺뻞듳뗄뇤뮯,뺭샺맽늻춬뗄뷗뛎,뇭1좥뗄뻞컞냔좴돉쏷죕믆뮨.풭틲쫇탅쾢짧믡훐웳뇭쫶웤훷튪뗄틬춬.뇭1ꆡ잰뫳릤튵짧믡웳튵짺첬뛔뇈\[10-13\]쿮ꆡꆡꆡ쒿짧ꆡꆡꆡꆡ믡잰릤튵짧믡뫳릤튵짧믡닺튵폫닺튵뷡릹횧훹닺튵캪훆퓬튵,닺튵뷡릹캪횧훹닺튵캪탅쾢튵,:튻ꆢ얩닺튵뷡릹캪:튻ꆢ얩튵ꆢ뿳튵;뛾ꆢ훆퓬튵;죽ꆢ럾컱튵튵ꆢ뿳튵;뛾ꆢ훆퓬튵;죽ꆢ탅쾢닺튵;쯄ꆢ웤쯼럾컱튵뺭뷰쫐뎡뗘쟸폫맺볒랶캧캪훷ꆢ쿖뷰믲탅폃횧뢶ꆢ랽뇣뿬뷝탔닮좫쟲랶캧ꆢ뗧ퟓ횧뢶ꆢ랽뇣뿬뷝볃틲샍뚯솦쫐뎡삶쇬릤죋뇈샽듳ꆢ볛룱뗍ꆢ십쮹싥탨쟳뗈냗쇬릤죋뇈샽듳ꆢ볛룱룟ꆢ십쮹싥탨쟳뗈벶뗍벶룟ퟓ웳쿻럑쫐뎡닺욷뇪ힼ뮯ꆢ훷튪캪믹놾짺믮쿻럑욷ꆢ놻룶탔뮯닺욷ꆢ룟벶폫랢햹쿻럑욷폫죕뻧뚯쿻럑ꆢ쟒쿻럑쓜솦뷏뗍ꆢ닺욷훜웚뎤퓶ꆢ훷뚯쿻럑ꆢ쿻럑쓜솦룟ꆢ닺욷훜웚뛌붻춨춨톶붻춨춨톶쿠뛔랢듯붻춨춨톶벫랢듯ꆢ뇣샻ꆢ춻웆쇋쪱뿕룅쓮튵맺볊뺭볃쏱ퟥ훷틥맺볒틢쪶얨쇒ꆢ맺볒놣뮤ꆢ맺폫쏱ퟥ훷틥맺볒틢쪶뷧쿞쒣뫽ꆢ맺볊뺭볃맺볤뺺헹벤쇒뫏ퟷ볓잿ꆢ좫쟲뺭볃튻쳥뮯짺짧믡훆뛈ꆢ헾닟폫맺볒짧믡훆뛈틢쪶잿쇒ꆢ쏱ퟥ훷틥맺볒맺볒짧믡훆뛈틢쪶떭놡ꆢ맺볒헾닟맺볊맺볊헾훎헾닟쟷춬뮯첬짧믡캪탅쾢짧믡럾컱ꆢ쓚죝럇뇪ힼ뮯볓잿ꆢ퓚뷌폽캪릤튵짺닺럾컱ꆢ쓚죝뇪ힼ뮯ꆢퟅ훘횪쪶횪쪶폫벼쓜볓잿춬쪱잿뗷톧쾰랽램폫퇐틲폫벼쓜엠퇸ꆢ잿뗷볍싉뺿뒴탂랽램엠퇸ꆢ훕짭뷌폽ꆢ틔죋캪놾ꆢퟓ쏱훷뮯쟷쿲컄뮯쏱ퟥ훷틥맺볒컄뮯즫닊얨쇒맺볊컄뮯붻쇷폫쟷춬뿆벼뿆톧벼쫵랢햹뷏뮺싽ꆢ닺욷훜웚뎤뿆톧벼쫵랢햹뿬ꆢ닺욷훜웚뛌ퟔ좻ퟔ좻풴ퟔ좻풴쿻뫄듳ꆢ샻폃싊뗍ퟔ좻풴쿻뫄훰붥복짙ꆢ샻폃싊룟ꆢ죋릤쳦듺욷죕쟷퓶뛠풴뗘풵뗘폲뛔웳튵웰훘튪ퟷ폃뛔웳튵뗘풵뗘폲뗄톡퓱폐뫜듳뗄ퟔ평뛈' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆪ40ꆪ맜ꆡ샭ꆡ뿆ꆡ톧ꆡ톧ꆡ놨ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ2002쓪4퓂탸뇭1쿮ꆡꆡꆡ쒿짧ꆡꆡꆡꆡ믡잰릤튵짧믡뫳릤튵짧믡맘볼탔풴뷰죋닅놾룶죋놾캪훷폫짧믡놾뷡뫏놾짧믡뮯볓잿탎탎쪽볒ퟥ웳튵훷쳥막럝릫쮾훷쳥웳첬뺭펪놾맺훷쳥맺볊뮯쟷쿲죕틦볓잿쒿뇪놾퓶횵놾퓶횵폫짧믡킧틦튵뺺헹훊솿ꆢ돉놾ꆢ볛룱훷쳥닺욷ꆢ럾컱뒴탂훷쳥맜ퟩ횯벯좨훆훷쳥뗄럖좨뷡릹ꆢ쯾쪽뮯럖좨뷡릹훷쳥ꆢ뇢욽뮯샭맜샭훷훡짺닺ꆢ럾컱폫쫐뎡붻틗ퟩ횯ꆢ벤샸폫볠뚽맜샭쫖뛎죋릤맜샭ퟔ뚯뮯췸싧맜샭쾵춳ꆡꆡ놾컄뛔웳튵짺첬폫웳튵랢햹뷶ퟷ룅삨뗄싛짮뿌뗄.웳튵뗄돉릦뇘폐웤쫊펦쯹뒦짺첬뮷뺳뗄쫶,웳튵짺첬뛔웳튵뗄랢햹뫍맜샭뗄펰쿬쫇벫웤쳘뚨풭틲;웳튵쪧냜뇘쫇캥놳웤짺첬맦싉뗄뷡맻.닎뾼컄쿗:\[1\ꆡ]퇮뚡풪,돂믛쇡.튵뺺쳬퓱ꆪꆪ룟뿆벼닺튵짺첬[M\].놱뺩:몽뿕릤튵돶냦짧,1999\[2\ꆡ]횣쪦헂,컢잧뫬뗈.웕춨짺첬톧ꆪꆪ풭샭ꆢ랽램뫍펦폃[M\].짏몣:뢴떩듳톧돶냦짧,\[3\ꆡ]맋톩짺훷뇠.헾훎뺭볃톧[M\].짏몣:뮪뚫쪦랶듳톧돶냦짧,1987\[4\ꆡ]RoughgardenJ,MayRM,[M\].Princeton:PrincetonUniversityPress,1989\[5\ꆡ]헔ꆡ횾,돂냮짨,쯯쇖퇒뗈.닺욷뒴탂맽돌맜샭쒣쪽뗄믹놾컊쳢퇐뺿[J\].맜샭뿆톧톧놨,2000,3(2):15220\[6\ꆡ]:reflectionsinnaturalhistory[M\].&Company,(International),1997\[7\ꆡ],thedeepecologymovement,anddiverseecosophies[J\].JournalofEcosophy,1997,114(3):1102111\[8\ꆡ]AtkinJ,CobbA,[J\].ScientificAmerican,1999,277(2):8\[9\ꆡ][J\].EnvironmentalScience&Technology,2000,34(21):458\[10\ꆡ]쾯폏쏱.탂쫀볍:훐맺맜샭뿆톧뷧뗄쳴햽ꆢ믺폶폫뛔닟[J\].맜샭뿆톧톧놨,2000,3(1):7214\[11\ꆡ]CommonM,[J\].EcologicalEconomics,1992,6(1):7234\[12\ꆡ]퇮컄쪿,헅ꆡ퇣훷뇠.맜샭톧풭샭[M\].놱뺩:훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦짧,1995\[13\ꆡ]:lessonsfromCanada[J\].EconomicDevelopmentQuarterly,1994,11(2):1232137EnterpriseecologyandenterprisedevelopmentLIANGJia2hua,GEZhen2zhong,FANJian2pingEnvironmentandResourceManagementInstituteofShanxiUniversity,Taiyuan030006,ChinaAbstract:ꆡ,thesummariseofdifferententerpriseecology,enterpriseconformationandenterprisemanagementbetweenpre2andpost2industrialsociety,:ꆡenterpriseecology;enterprisedevelopment;enterprisemanagement' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
