뗚19뻭ꆡ뗚2웚퇐뺿폫랢햹맜샭쓪4퓂R&컄헂뇠뫅:100428308(2007)0220014206웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦퇐뺿쫶움컢ꆡ늨,볖짺뮪(헣붭듳톧맜샭톧풺,몼훝ꆡ310027)ꆡꆡ햪ꆡ튪:내헕춨뎣뺭퇩쟺쿟샭싛,웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄믽샛붫믡쳡짽웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ벨킧,떫쫇쪵횤퇐뺿좴뗃돶쿠뮥쎬뛜뗄뷡싛.춨맽컄쿗쫡샭,붫웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦맩쓉캪죽룶쒣탍:믹폚뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄ꆢ뇟볊뗝복뗄뫍늻좷뚨탔뗷뷚쿂뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍.뷸튻늽쳡돶쿂튻늽퇐뺿뗄랽쿲.맘볼듊:뫏ퟷ뺭퇩;톧쾰킧펦;뫏ퟷ쓜솦;뫏ퟷ벨킧훐춼럖샠뫅:F406ꆡꆡꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:A1ꆡ컊쳢뗄쳡돶20쫀볍80쓪듺,뺭볃튻쳥뮯뫍뺺헹좫쟲뮯쪹뗃뒹횱튻쳥뮯릫쮾틲캪붩뮯뗄뿆닣훆ꆢ틗쫜쓚늿죋뿘훆ꆢ쇩믮탔닮뗈좱쿝뛸돊쿖쮥췋뫍뷢쳥뗄쟷쫆[1].훚뛠듳웳튵뾪쪼춨맽붫럇뫋탄튵컱늻뛏췢냼살쫕쯵웳튵뇟뷧,듓뛸룼볓틀삵췢늿뗄풴틔쪵쿖돉뎤.뫏웳튵ꆢ뫏ퟷ퇐랢ꆢ벼쫵붻뮻ꆢ횱뷓춶ꆢ쫚좨뗈뗈튻쾵쇐웳튵볤뫏ퟷ탐캪뾪쪼펿쿖,늢돉캪닺튵ퟩ횯훘튪랢햹쟷쫆횮튻[2,3].떫퓚웳튵뷧뗄쪵볹훐,웳튵볤뫏ퟷ돉릦뗄뇈샽튻횱뇈뷏뗍,쮫랽쓑틔듓뫏ퟷ훐쪵쿖룷ퟔ쒿뇪,뫏ퟷ벨킧쓑틔쇮죋싺틢[4].튻킩톧헟듓ퟩ횯톧쾰쫓뷇죏캪쯦ퟅ폫웤쯻웳튵뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄믽샛,웳튵쯦뫳뫏ퟷ뗄벨킧믡뗃틔쳡짽,벴뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦[5ꆫ8].헢샯,뫏ퟷ벨킧쫇횸웳튵뫏ퟷ쒿뇪뗄쪵쿖돌뛈,틔벰뫏ퟷ뛔웳튵ퟔ짭뺺헹폅쫆뗄쳡짽돌뛈[9].뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄퇐뺿쫇뛔틑폐뗄짺닺쇬폲뺭퇩쟺쿟퇐뺿돉맻뗄췘햹.퓚짺닺맜샭쇬폲,쯦ퟅ짺닺뺭퇩뗄샛볆,닺욷뗄떥캻돉놾늻뛏쿂붵,뇭쿖캪늻뛏쿂붵뗄떥캻돉놾쟺쿟,벴뺭퇩쟺쿟.퓚뺭퇩쟺쿟놳뫳쫇톧쾰킧펦,벴듓룼뛠뗄짺닺뺭퇩훐헆컕룼뛠뗄짺닺뻷쟏,짺닺뻷쟏뗄샛믽쳡룟쇋짺닺킧싊,붵뗍쇋짺닺돉놾.뫳살,헢훖톧쾰킧펦놻췘햹떽뺭볃ퟩ횯훐뗄쯹폐믮뚯.뺭볃퇝뮯톧엉죏캪튻뚨뗄ퟩ횯믮뚯뺭퇩춨맽퓚쪱볤뫍뿕볤뗄믽샛,뺭맽퇝뮯ꆢ쫊펦틔벰늻뛏뗘뛔틑폐탐캪뗄뢴훆,훰늽탎돉튻훖맟샽,헢훖맟샽쳡짽쇋틔뫳샠쯆ퟩ횯믮뚯뗄킧싊[10].웳튵볤뫏ퟷ쫇뷩폚쫐뎡뫍뿆닣훆횮볤뗄튻훖ퟩ횯믮뚯,웤놾훊쒿뗄쫇뷡뫏늻춬웳튵틬훊뗄풴틔뒴퓬룼룟뗄볛횵[11].내헕뺭퇩쟺쿟뗄싟벭,웳튵쯹펵폐뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩풽뛠,뫏ퟷ뗄벨킧풽뫃.떫쫇,쪵횤뷡맻좴늢럇죧듋췪쏀.틔뫏ퟷ쿮쒿뗄펮샻탔캪뫏ퟷ벨킧횸뇪,Shortell뫍Zajac뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩폫탂뗄뫏ퟷ쿮쒿펮샻탔횮볤늢쎻폐헽뗄펰쿬[12];틔ퟩ횯톧쾰캪뫏ퟷ벨킧뇭헷횸뇪,틔뫏탍뫏ퟷ쒣쪽캪퇐뺿뛔쿳,Inpen퇐뺿랢쿖뫏ퟷ뺭퇩늢쎻폐뛔ퟩ횯톧쾰닺짺믽벫뗄펰쿬[13];Zollo뗈뛔짺컯훆튩닺튵훐99룶웳튵볤뫏ퟷ쿮쒿뷸탐뗄쪵횤퇐뺿튲뇭쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔ꆡꆡ쫕룥죕웚:2006202227;탞룄죕웚:2006205219.ꆡꆡ믹뷰쿮쒿:맺볒ퟔ좻뿆톧믹뷰훺쿮쒿(70472054).ꆡꆡퟷ헟볲뷩:컢ꆡ늨(1979ꆪ),쓐,늩쪿퇐뺿짺;볖짺뮪(1962ꆪ),쓐,뷌쫚,늩쪿짺떼쪦,헣붭듳톧맜샭톧풺뢱풺뎤.
ꆡ뗚2웚컢ꆡ늨뗈:웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦퇐뺿쫶움15뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄펰쿬늢늻쿔훸[14].떫쫇튲폐늿럖쪵횤뷡맻뇭쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧닺짺쿔훸헽뗄펰쿬,죧컄쿗[7,8]뗈.쪵횤퇐뺿뇭쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩늢늻튻뚨쓜횱뷓듸살뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄쳡짽,헢뻍틽웰훚뛠톧헟듓늻춬뗄뷇뛈럖컶웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄쓚늿펰쿬믺훆.2ꆡ믹폚뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍뫏ퟷ뺭퇩늢늻쫇뫏ퟷ벨킧쳡짽뗄돤럖쳵볾[5],죧GE폫몫맺뗄DaewooMotors돉솢뫏웳튵뗄쪧냜낸샽뻍뇭쏷쇋헢튻뗣.GE뻟폐럡뢻뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩,폫퇇훞뗄뫜뛠웳튵,냼삨Fanuc,HitachiꆢIsuzuꆢNissanꆢSuzuki뫍Toyota뚼폐뫏ퟷ쿮쒿.떫쫇헢킩뫏ퟷ뺭퇩늢쎻폐캪헢튻뫏ퟷ쿮쒿쳡릩냯훺.Simonin뷸튻늽쳡돶ꆰ뫏ퟷ뺭퇩ꆪ뫏ퟷ쓜솦ꆪ뫏ퟷ벨킧ꆱ뗄럖컶쒣탍,죏캪뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄놾훊쫇웳튵볤뫏ퟷ쓜솦,횻폐듓뫏ퟷ뺭퇩훐좷솢웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ쓜솦닅쓜헦헽쳡짽웳튵볤뫏ퟷ벨킧.틲듋,뛔뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄짮죫퇐뺿돉캪뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄쟐죫뗣.뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄놾훊쫇웳튵쯹헆컕뗄웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뻷쟏(collaborativeknow2how),횻폐듓뫏ퟷ뺭퇩훐쳡솶돶뫏ퟷ뻷쟏닅쓜쳡짽쯦뫳뗄웳튵볤뫏ퟷ벨킧[5].뻷쟔쿠뛔탅쾢,뛾헟뗄쟸뇰퓚폚잰헟쫇튻훖틾탔횪쪶,뛸뫳헟쫇튻훖쿔탔횪쪶.뫏ퟷ뻷쟔쫇튻룶뢴퓓ꆢ뛠캬뗄룅쓮,Simonin룹뻝웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뗄4룶뷗뛎붫뫏ퟷ뻷쟏뮮럖캪4룶캬뛈[5]:ꋙ쪶뇰뫍톡퓱잱퓚뗄뫏ퟷ믯냩뗄뻷쟔,뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄쳡짽늻뷶뷶틀삵웳튵ퟔ짭,뮹틀삵튻룶폅탣뗄뫏ퟷ믯냩[9],뛸폅탣뗄뫏ퟷ믯냩쫇쾡좱뗄[4],쯹틔뻟폐쪶뇰폅탣뗄뫏ퟷ믯냩뗄횪쪶뻷쟏컞틉믡쳡짽웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ벨킧;ꋚ첸에폫짨뚨뫏ퟷ훎샭쒣쪽뗄뻷쟔;ꋛ볠뚽뫍맜샭뫏ퟷ맽돌뗄뻷쟏,뫏ퟷ맽돌훐,평폚뫏ퟷ쮫랽뗄닮틬,뫏ퟷ돥춻뇘좻믡돶쿖,뫏ퟷ훐뗄돥춻맜샭뻷쟏뗄헆컕틢캶ퟅ웳튵늻뷶뷶뿉틔쿲뛔랽톧쾰,뛸쟒웳튵뿉틔폐킧럀횹ퟔ짭뗄뫋탄횪쪶(쓜솦)킹슩룸뛔랽[16];ꋜ훐횹뫏ퟷ뗄뻷쟏,뫏ퟷퟮ훕튪훐횹,쪲쎴쪱뫲ꆢ죧뫎훐횹맘쾵떽웳튵ퟔ짭뫏ퟷ쒿뇪뗄쪵쿖틔벰ퟔ짭뫋탄횪쪶뗄놣뮤.뫏ퟷ뻷쟏뗄헆컕뫍늻뛏펦폃믡탎돉웳튵볤뫏ퟷ맟샽,헢훖맟샽쳡룟쇋뫏ퟷ훐뗄뻶닟킧싊,듓뛸쳡짽쇋뫏ퟷ벨킧[5].Simonin붫뫏ퟷ벨킧쟸럖캪쿔탔뫍틾탔[5].쿔탔벨킧냼삨햽싔뫍닆컱횸뇪,냼삨룼뛠뗄샻죳ꆢ짏짽뗄쫐뎡럝뛮ꆢ돖탸뗄뺺헹폅쫆뗈.틾탔벨킧틔ퟩ횯톧쾰뗄룷쿮횸뇪살뇭쪾.샻폃뷡릹랽돌쒣탍뗄쪵횤뷡맻뇭쏷,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ뻷쟏폐쿔훸헽뗄펰쿬,뫏ퟷ뻷쟏뛔쿔쿖뫍틾탔뫏ퟷ벨킧뻹듦퓚쿔훸헽뗄펰쿬,뛸뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧퓲늻듦퓚쿔훸펰쿬.틲듋,뿉틔쮵쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩춨맽뫏ퟷ뻷쟏살펰쿬웳튵볤뫏ퟷ벨킧,튲뻍쫇쮵뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄놾훊쫇뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄릹붨.Kale뗈듓쇭췢튻룶뷇뛈뗃돶쇋쿠춬뗄뷡싛.쯻쏇횸돶뫏ퟷ뻷쟏뗄믱좡ꆢퟛ뫏폫펦폃탨튪틔튵뮯뗄죋풱캪놣횤[17].뫜뛠릫쮾뚼짨솢쇋쏅뗄믺릹,엤놸튵뮯뗄죋풱맜샭웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ쿮쒿[17].헢튻쏅믺릹뿉틔냯훺웳튵붫틑폐뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뷸탐쳡솶폫뇠싫,탎돉웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ뻷쟏,늢펦폃헢튻뻷쟏살킭뗷쓚늿룷횰쓜늿쏅룼폐킧뗘듓쫂웳튵볤뫏ퟷ.샽죧,EliLilly릫쮾폚1999쓪붨솢쇋쏅뗄뫏ퟷ맜샭늿쏅,늢붫헢튻늿쏅뚨틥캪ꆰퟮ병쪵볹뺭퇩뗄ퟛ뫏헟,뒫능폫펦폃뗄훐뷩뫍듟뮯볁ꆱ.붨솢쏅뗄웳튵볤뫏ퟷ맜샭믺릹뗄릫쮾뿉틔폐킧뗘믱좡ꆢퟛ뫏뫍펦폃뫏ퟷ뻷쟏,듓뛸붨솢웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ쓜솦.쏅믺릹뗄붨솢돉캪뫏ퟷ쓜솦룟뗍뗄훘튪뇪횾.룹뻝뛠룶닺튵뗄78볒듳탍릫쮾뗄쫽뻝,Kale뗈퇐뺿쇋뫏ퟷ뺭퇩ꆢ쏅뫏ퟷ맜샭믺릹붨솢폫뫏ퟷ벨킧횮볤뗄맘쾵,웤훐,뫏ퟷ벨킧럖뇰틔막욱쫐뎡뛔뫏ퟷ쿮쒿탻늼뗄랴펦뫍웳튵맜샭죋풱뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄훷맛듲럖살닢솿[17].뷡맻뇭쏷,뻟폐룼뛠뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄웳튵룼쟣쿲폚붨솢쏅뫏ퟷ맜샭믺릹,뛸붨솢쏅믺릹뗄릫쮾퓲좡뗃쇋룼룟뗄뫏ퟷ벨킧,벴뫏ퟷ뺭퇩룼뛠뗘춨맽쏅뫏ퟷ맜샭
16퇐뺿폫랢햹맜샭뗚19뻭ꆡ믺릹뗄붨솢살쳡짽뫏ퟷ벨킧.믹폚뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍뎬돶풭폐떥뒿뛔뫏ퟷ뺭퇩폫뫏ퟷ벨킧맘쾵뗄뾼달.헢튻퇐뺿돉맻뛔웳튵뗄쪵볹틢틥퓚폚,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦늢럇ퟔ좻랢짺,뛸쫇틀삵폚웳튵듓뫏ퟷ뺭퇩훐톧쾰,횻폐탎돉웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ맟샽뫍뫏ퟷ쓜솦,웳튵닅쓜듓뫏ퟷ뺭퇩훐쳡짽웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ벨킧.떫쫇헢튻쒣탍뷶뷶붫뫏ퟷ쓜솦쫓캪뺲첬쓜솦,쎻폐뷸튻늽첽쳖뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄탎돉ꆢ펦폃,짵훁붩뮯뗄뛀쳘맽돌뛔뫏ퟷ뺭퇩쟺쿟뗄펰쿬.3ꆡ뇟볊뗝복뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍믹폚뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍뇭쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩춨맽뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄릹붨살쳡짽웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ벨킧,벴뫏ퟷ쓜솦탎돉횮뫳믡뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧닺짺쿔훸헽뗄펰쿬.Zollo뗈짮죫퇐뺿쇋뫏ퟷ쓜솦탎돉뗄룷룶뷗뛎,벴듓뫏ퟷ뻷쟏뗄믱좡ꆢퟛ뫏ꆢ펦폃떽ퟮ훕뫏ퟷ맟샽탎돉뗄맽돌,죏캪붫짺닺쇬폲뗄뺭퇩쟺쿟킧펦펦폃떽웳튵볤뫏ퟷ헢튻뮷뺳횮훐,믡평폚웳튵뫏ퟷ훐뷏룟뗄늻좷뚨탔뛸떼훂뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃돊쿖뗝복뗄쟷쫆[17].훷튪틲캪:ꋙ쿠뛔폚쓚늿뗄짺닺믮뚯,웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뗄욵싊뷏뗍,믮뚯뗄틬훊탔뷏룟,헢뻍퓶볓쇋뫏ퟷ뻷쟏믱좡ꆢퟛ뫏폫펦폃뗄쓑뛈,틲뛸뫏ퟷ맟샽튲뻍쓑틔탎돉;ꋚ웳튵볤뫏ퟷ맜샭맽돌훐뗄쒣뫽탔틔벰맜샭탐캪짏뗄늻좷뚨탔,쪹뗃웳튵쓑틔붫뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뷸탐폐킧뇠싫;ꋛ뫏ퟷ벨킧놾짭뇤뮯뗄쾸캢탔폫늻좷뚨탔쪹뗃웳튵쓑틔ힼ좷닢솿벨킧뗄룄짆,듓뛸튲뻍쓑틔쪶뇰맜샭뫏ퟷ탐캪뗄ퟮ병쪵볹.ퟜ뗄살쮵,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩쿠뛔뇈뷏짙뗄쪱뫲,웳튵쓑틔탎돉웳튵볤뫏ퟷ맟샽(뫏ퟷ쓜솦),틲듋,웳튵뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧헽뗄펰쿬붫뿉쓜늻쿔훸,짵훁뿉쓜믡쫇뢺뗄펰쿬.듓뫏ퟷ쓜솦믲헟뫏ퟷ맟샽펦폃뗄뷇뛈,Hoang뫍Kothaermel죏캪뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧펰쿬뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃믡쿂붵[7].헢쫇틲캪,ꋙ웳튵튻냣믡쿈톡퓱ퟮ폐잱솦뗄ꆢ쯦뫳닅쫇듎폅뗄뫏ퟷ믯냩,헢튻쮳탲떼훂웳튵볤뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄쿂붵.ꋚ웳튵튻떩듓뫏ퟷ뺭퇩짏붨솢뫏ퟷ맟쇐,믡틲캪슷뺶틀삵뛸쪹웳튵뷶뷶톡퓱폫풭폐뫏ퟷ믯냩쿠쯆뗄뫏ퟷ믯냩,듓뛸쿞훆쇋탂횪쪶뗄컼쫕[8].뫏ퟷ맟샽늻뷶믡쿞훆웳튵폫탂믯냩뷸탐뫏ퟷ,뛸쟒벴쪹폫탂믯냩뷸탐뫏ퟷ튲쓑틔듓뫏ퟷ훐컼쫕ꆢퟜ뷡탂뗄뫏ퟷ뻷쟏[5].쯹틔,붩뮯뗄뫏ퟷ맟샽쪹뗃웳튵뷶뷶쫇퓚샻폃(exploitation)풭폐뗄횪쪶뛸뫜짙뾪랢(exploration)탂뗄횪쪶,웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ쓜솦뻍믡붩뮯뛸쪧좥뚯첬탔,튲뻍쓑틔돖탸룄짆뫏ퟷ벨킧.ꋛ튻냣,웳튵볤뫏ퟷ쿮쒿뚼믡돖탸벸쓪,튻룶웳튵퓚춬튻쪱볤쓚춨뎣뚼퓚듓쫂뛠룶뫏ퟷ쿮쒿,틲듋,웳튵뛔탂퓶뗄뫏ퟷ쿮쒿뗄맜샭킧싊뻍믡붵뗍,뷸뛸떼훂뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄뇟볊뫏ퟷ벨킧붵뗍.쯦ퟅ뫏ퟷ쿮쒿뗄퓶뛠,벴쪹쫇통솷폐쯘뗄맜샭죋풱튲믡틲캪죏횪뗄뻖쿞탔뛸떼훂웳튵쓑틔췪좫폐킧맜샭탂뗄뫏ퟷ쿮쒿.Sampson튲듓뫏ퟷ맟샽붩뮯뗄뷇뛈죏캪뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃퓚뗝복[8].틲듋,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦믡쯦ퟅ뫏ퟷ맟샽뗄탎돉뛸뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧닺짺쿔훸헽뗄펰쿬,떫쫇믡틲캪뫏ퟷ맟샽뗄슷뺶틀삵뫍붩뮯뛸뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃뗝복.ퟛ뫏뫏ퟷ쓜솦탎돉횮잰폫횮뫳솽룶뷗뛎,뿉틔랢쿖웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩폫뫏ퟷ벨킧횮볤늢럇쫇볲떥뗄헽쿠맘맘쾵,뛸쫇죧춼1쯹쪾뗄뇟볊뫏ퟷ킧펦뗝복뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍.떱뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뷏짙쪱,웳튵뒦폚뫏ퟷ맟샽폫뫏ퟷ쓜솦훰늽탎돉뗄뷗뛎,헢튻뷗뛎평폚웳튵볤뫏ퟷ탐캪뷏룟뗄늻좷뚨탔,웳튵뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧헽뗄펰쿬붫뿉쓜늻쿔훸,짵훁뿉쓜쫇뢺뗄펰쿬(춼1훐OA뛎);떱뫏ퟷ뺭퇩믽샛떽튻뚨뗄돌뛈,뫏ퟷ맟샽폫뫏ퟷ쓜솦뻍믡탎돉,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰뻍믡뇈뷏쏷쿔(춼1훐AB뛎);떫쫇쯦ퟅ뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄뷸튻늽퓶볓,뫏ퟷ맟샽돶쿖붩뮯,뫏ퟷ쓜솦즥쪧뚯첬탔,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩
ꆡ뗚2웚컢ꆡ늨뗈:웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦퇐뺿쫶움17뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃퓚뗝복,짵훁믡돶쿖뇟볊킧펦캪뢺뗄쟩뿶(춼1훐BC뛎).뒦폚헢튻뷗뛎뗄웳튵뇘탫춨맽뒴탂살컼쫕탂횪쪶틔놣돖웳튵뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄뚯첬탔,듓뛸놣횤웳튵뷸튻늽쳡짽뫏ퟷ벨킧.쯹틔,듓뚯첬쓜솦뗄뷇뛈살뾴,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄ퟷ폃믡듦퓚튻룶뚯첬톭뮷뗄첬쫆,뇭쿖돶샠쯆헽쿒쟺쿟뗄늨샋탍잰뷸믲헟식탽탍짏짽뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦쟺쿟.죧,춼1훐C죧맻볌탸퇓짬뻍믡듯떽튻룶탂뗄뗍마Aꇤ,CAꇤ뻍폫ퟮ돵뗄OA튻퇹,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩폫춼1ꆡ뇟볊뗝복뗄톧쾰킧펦뫏ퟷ벨킧횮볤듦퓚뢺뗄ퟷ폃,좻뫳돶쿖튻룶쿠쯆탎ힴ뗄톧ꆡMarginaldecreaseoflearningeffects쾰킧펦쟺쿟.샻폃헢튻쒣탍,뿉틔뷏뫃뗘뷢쫍컄쿗[7,8,14]훐뗄쪵횤뷡맻.ꋙ룹뻝짺컯훆튩닺튵뗄81볒웳튵릲99룶폐킧퇹놾,Zollo뗈뗄쪵횤뷡맻뇭쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧듦퓚뢺뗄펰쿬,떫쫇펰쿬늻쿔훸[14].컒쏇죏캪쯹뗷퇐뗄웳튵늢쎻폐탎돉폐킧뗄뫏ퟷ맟샽,벴튪쎴쫇뒦폚뫏ퟷ쓜솦헽퓚탎돉뗄뷗뛎,튪쎴쫇뒦폚뫏ퟷ쓜솦붩뮯뗄뷗뛎.ꋚ룹뻝뗧탅짨놸닺튵훐뗄464룶웳튵볤퇐랢뫏ퟷ퇹놾,Sampson뗄쪵횤뷡맻뇭쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧듦퓚쿔훸헽뗄펰쿬,떫쫇헽뗄펰쿬돊쿖뇟볊뗝복뗄쟷쫆[8].헢뇈뷏럻뫏춼1훐뗄AC뛎,벴뫏ퟷ쓜솦틑뺭탎돉뗄뷗뛎.Hoang뫍Kothaermel뛔짺컯훆튩닺튵훐30룶듳탍훆튩릫쮾뫍145룶훐킡짺컯뿆벼릫쮾퓚1980ꆪ2000쓪릲292룶폐킧퇹놾뗄쪵횤퇐뺿랢쿖[7],뫏ퟷ뺭퇩럡뢻뗄듳탍훆튩릫쮾뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧펰쿬늻쿔훸,뛸뫏ퟷ뺭퇩쿠뛔뷏짙뗄짺컯뿆벼릫쮾뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩퓲뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧듦퓚쿔훸헽뗄펰쿬,늢쟒헢훖펰쿬뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃퓚쿂붵.ퟷ헟죏캪ퟷ캪훐킡웳튵뗄짺컯뿆벼릫쮾쯤좻뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뇈뷏짙,떫쫇웤릫쮾맜샭닣벶뇢욽,뫋탄맜샭죋풱뇈뷏컈뚨,쯹틔뿉틔룼뫃뗘듓뫏ퟷ뺭퇩훐톧쾰틔믱뗃뫏ퟷ뻷쟏;뛸ퟷ캪듳탍웳튵뗄훆튩릫쮾퓲틲캪즭퇏뗄뿆닣훆쪹뗃웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ쓜솦쓑틔탎돉,벴쪹탎돉튲틗폚붩뮯,쯹틔웤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔쮫랽뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄쳡짽쎻폐쿔훸펰쿬.폫믹폚뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍쿠뇈,뇟볊뗝복뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍짮죫퇐뺿뫏ퟷ쓜솦탎돉ꆢ펦폃떽붩뮯뗄맽돌,럖컶쇋늻춬뷗뛎뗄뫏ퟷ쓜솦뛔뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄펰쿬,잿뗷뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄뚯첬탔,뛔웳튵뗄쪵볹폈캪훘튪.웳튵튪듓틔췹뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩훐톧쾰,쳡짽웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ쓜솦;춬쪱튪맄샸뒴탂,폫탂뗄뫏ퟷ믯냩뷸탐뫏ퟷ,늻뛏럡뢻웳튵뗄횪쪶믹뒡,듓뛸놣돖뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄뚯첬탔.4ꆡ늻좷뚨탔뗷뷚쿂뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍Anand뫍Khanna죏캪웳튵볤뫏ퟷ웤놾훊짏쫇튻룶늻췪좫웵풼,퓚뫏ퟷ훐웳튵뇘좻튪쏦뛔룷훖늻좷뚨탔(ambiguity),뛸춨맽뫏ퟷ뺭퇩,웳튵톧믡죧뫎펦뛔헢킩늻좷뚨탔뗄뫏ퟷ뻷쟏,늢탎돉웳튵볤뫏ퟷ맟샽[6].틲듋,뫏ퟷ쓜솦뻍쫇펦뛔뫏ퟷ훐늻좷뚨탔뗄쓜솦.쯻뷸튻늽럖컶쇋늻좷뚨탔뛔뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄뗷뷚ퟷ폃.떱뫏ퟷ훐늻좷뚨탔뷏룟쪱,듓뫏ퟷ뺭퇩훐쳡솶뗄뫏ퟷ뻷쟏뿉틔놣횤웳튵폐킧붵뗍뫏ퟷ훐뗄늻좷뚨탔,듓뛸쳡짽뫏ퟷ벨킧;떱뫏ퟷ훐늻좷뚨탔뷏뗍쪱,뫏ퟷ튲뻍뇈뷏죝틗믱뗃돉릦,튲뻍늻쳘뇰틀삵ꆰ룉훐톧ꆱ뗄톧쾰랽쪽,틲듋뻟폐룼뛠뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩늢늻쓜틢캶ퟅ웳튵뿉틔믱뗃룼룟뗄뫏ퟷ벨킧,믲헟쮵뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦늻믡쓇쎴쏷쿔.Anand뫍Khanna뷸튻늽뛔늻춬샠탍뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦뷸탐쪵횤퇐뺿[6].튻냣살쮵,늻춬샠탍뗄뫏ퟷ듺뇭늻춬돌뛈뗄늻좷뚨탔,웤훐,뫏탍뫏ퟷ쯹쏦쇙뗄늻좷뚨탔튪룟폚쫚좨웵풼탍
18퇐뺿폫랢햹맜샭뗚19뻭ꆡ뫏ퟷ탎쪽;퇐랢뫏ퟷ쯹쏦쇙뗄뢴퓓탔튪룟폚펪쿺뫏ퟷ뫍짺닺뫏ퟷ.뛔늻춬샠탍뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄뛔뇈퇐뺿랢쿖,뫏탍뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧닺짺쿔훸펰쿬,쫚좨웵풼탍뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦퓲늻쏷쿔;퇐랢탔뫏탍뫏ퟷ뗄톧쾰킧펦뇈펪쿺뫍짺닺탔뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦튪룼쏷쿔.퇐뺿뇭쏷,늻좷뚨탔풽룟,웳튵쯹듓쫂뗄뫏ퟷ탐캪풽뢴퓓,웳튵풽쓜듓훐톧떽룼뛠뗄횪쪶,톧쾰킧펦튲뻍룼캪쏷쿔.Sampson내헕뫏ퟷ쮫랽톡퓱뫏탍뫏ퟷ뗄룅싊붫뫏ퟷ뮮럖캪룟뫍뗍늻좷뚨탔솽ퟩ퇹놾,늢럖뇰럖컶뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄펰쿬,쪵횤뷡맻뇭쏷,룟늻좷뚨탔쳵볾쿂뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄펰쿬돌뛈튪쏷쿔룟폚뗍늻좷뚨탔쿂뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄펰쿬돌뛈[8].틔짏솽룶쒣탍뚼잿뗷쇋믹폚뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄뫏ퟷ쓜솦벰웤뚯첬탔뛔뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄펰쿬.뛔폚웳튵쪵볹살쮵,떱웳튵쯹뒦뮷뺳뗄늻좷뚨뷏룟쪱,듓뺭퇩떽쓜솦뗄ꆰ룉훐톧ꆱ뛔폚뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄쳡짽뻟폐룼뫃뗄킧맻;뛸퓚뮷뺳늻좷뚨탔뷏뗍쪱,웤쯻뗄톧쾰랽쪽퓲뻟폐룼뫃뗄킧맻.5ꆡ퇐뺿뷡싛폫캴살퇐뺿랽쿲춨맽컄쿗쫡샭,컒쏇붫웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦맩쓉캪죽룶쒣탍:믹폚뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄톧쾰쒣탍뇭쏷뫏ퟷ뺭퇩춨맽뫏ퟷ쓜솦펰쿬뫏ퟷ벨킧,벴뫏ퟷ뺭퇩펰쿬뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄놾훊쫇뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄탎돉;뇟볊뗝복뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍쫇횸뫏ퟷ쓜솦탎돉횮뫳,믡틲캪뫋탄룕탔뛸떼훂뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄뇟볊ퟷ폃뗝복;늻좷뚨탔뗷뷚쿂뗄톧쾰킧펦쒣탍쫇횸늻좷뚨탔풽룟,웳튵뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄릹붨풽틀삵뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뫍ꆰ룉훐톧ꆱ뗄톧쾰랽쪽.놾퇐뺿뛔웳튵뗄쪵볹뻟폐죽뗣틢틥:ꋙ뫏ퟷ뺭퇩늢럇듺뇭튻쟐,훆뛈뮯쫇릹붨뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄맘볼,늻싛쫇뫏ퟷ맟샽뮹쫇쏅뮯맜샭믺릹뗄붨솢,웤놾훊뚼쫇잿뗷춨맽훆뛈뮯뗄ퟩ횯톧쾰,붫룶죋횪쪶뮯캪벯쳥횪쪶;ꋚ돖탸톧쾰,놣돖뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄뚯첬탔;ꋛ늻쓜뫶싔웤쯻탎쪽뗄ퟩ횯톧쾰,살ퟔ뺭퇩뗄ꆰ룉훐톧ꆱ퓚늻좷뚨탔뷏룟뗄뮷뺳훐닅믡뻟폐폅쫆.뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뮹폐듽뷸튻늽뗄퇐뺿.(1)뫏ퟷ벨킧닢솿랽램뗄짮죫퇐뺿.뫏ퟷ벨킧닢솿랽램웹뷱뮹쎻폐탎돉춳튻뗄닢솿랽램[7,18].퓚뛔뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄퇐뺿훐,늻춬뗄톧헟닉폃쇋늻춬뗄닢솿랽램.틲듋튲폐톧헟횸돶,뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦쪵횤퇐뺿뗄닮틬뫜듳웤늿럖쫇뫏ퟷ벨킧닢솿랽램뗄닮틬쯹떼훂뗄[7].웳튵퓚뫏ퟷ뗄쪵볹훐횻폐뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뷸탐ힼ좷볠닢,닅쓜ퟷ돶쯦뫳쿠펦뗄맜샭뻶닟.(2)뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄닢솿틔벰뫏ퟷ쓜솦뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄펰쿬믺훆퇐뺿.틑폐퇐뺿뇭쏷뫏ퟷ쓜솦살풴폚뫏ퟷ뻷쟏뗄ퟜ뷡ꆢퟛ뫏폫펦폃쯹탎돉뗄뫏ퟷ맟샽[5],뫏ퟷ쓜솦탎돉뗄훘튪뇪횾쫇웳튵쏅뫏ퟷ맜샭믺릹뗄붨솢[17].떫쫇뫏ퟷ쓜솦쪲쎴쪱뫲뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄ퟷ폃쫇믽벫뗄,쪲쎴쪱뫲쫇쿻벫뗄,뻟쳥뇪횾쪲쎴?헢튪짮죫퇐뺿웳튵뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄닢솿,퇐뺿뫏ퟷ쓜솦뛔뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄펰쿬믺훆,닅쓜놣돖웳튵뫏ퟷ쓜솦뗄뚯첬탔ꆢ뫏ퟷ벨킧뗄돖탸쳡짽.(3)듓뺭퇩훐톧쾰뗄ꆰ룉훐톧ꆱ뗄톧쾰랽쪽폫웤쯻톧쾰랽쪽맘쾵뗄퇐뺿.뺭퇩쟺쿟맘힢뗄쫇ꆰ룉훐톧ꆱ,늢쟒늻좷뚨탔풽룟,헢훖톧쾰랽쪽뗄킧맻풽쏷쿔.떫쫇헢훖톧쾰랽쪽돉놾뇈뷏룟.쫇럱뿉틔샻폃웤쯻톧쾰랽쪽살릹붨웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ맟샽폫뫏ퟷ쓜솦?죧틽죫웤쯻웳튵폐뺭퇩뗄웳튵볤뫏ퟷ맜샭죋풱,춨맽룷훖낸샽럖컶살톧쾰뗈.헢튪짮죫퇐뺿룷훖톧쾰믺훆뗄쫊폃뮷뺳.(4)뻟쳥뫏ퟷ탎쪽뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄짮죫퇐뺿.웳튵볤뫏ퟷ냼삨튻쾵쇐뗄ퟩ횯낲업,럖컶뻟쳥뗄뫏ퟷ탎쪽뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뛔웳튵뗄쪵볹뻟폐룼잿뗄횸떼탔.샽죧,뛔쳘뚨솽룶믯냩횮볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦,뛔웳튵볤퇐랢뫏ퟷꆢ짺닺뫏ퟷ뫍펪쿺뫏ퟷ뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦,뛔
ꆡ뗚2웚컢ꆡ늨뗈:웳튵볤뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦퇐뺿쫶움19뫏탍뫍웵풼탍뫏ퟷ뗄뫏ퟷ뺭퇩뗄톧쾰킧펦뗈뗄럖컶믡럡뢻뫏ퟷ뺭퇩톧쾰킧펦뗄퇐뺿,쇭뛔웳튵뗄쪵볹믡뗃돶룼뻟쳥폐킧뗄뷡싛.닎ꆡ뾼ꆡ컄ꆡ쿗[1]ꆡ역짜훙,샮몣붢,퓸ꆡ랱.좫쟲짌욷솴뗄쓚늿뮯폅쫆폫볛룱뻹뫢믺훆[J].훐맺릤튵뺭볃,2005,210(9):50ꆪ59.[2]ꆡ:Theimplicationsofrepeatedtiesforcontractualchoiceinalli2ances[J].AcademyofManagementJournal,1995,35(1):85ꆪ112.[3]ꆡGrantRM,[J].JournalofMan2agementStudies,2004,41(1):61ꆪ84.[4]ꆡBleekeJ,[M].NewYork:JohnWileyandSons,1993.[5]ꆡ:Anempiricaltestofthelearningorganiza2tion[J].AcademyofManagementJournal,1997,40(5):1150ꆪ1174.[6]ꆡAnandBN,:Thecaseofalliances[J].StrategicManage2mentJournal,2000,21(3):295ꆪ315.[7]ꆡHoangH,&Dprojectperformance[J].AcademyofManagementJournal,2005,48(2):332ꆪ345.[8]ꆡ&Dalliances[J].StrategicManage2mentJournal,2005,26(11):1009ꆪ1031.[9]ꆡMohrL,:Atheoreticalperspective[J].JournalofMarketing,1994,58(July):103ꆪ115.[10]ꆡNelsonRR,[M].Cambridge,MA:Har2vardUniversityPress,1982.[11]ꆡ[J].TheEconomicJournal,1972,82(327):883ꆪ896.[12]ꆡShortellST,:Developmentprocessesandperformanceoutcomes[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1988,9(9):527ꆪ542.[13]ꆡ[J].JournalofInternationalManagement,1995,1(3):165ꆪ198.[14]ꆡZolloZ,ReuerJJ,[J].OrganizationScience,2002,13(6):701ꆪ713.[15]ꆡDyerJH,:Cooperativestrategyandsourcesofinterorganizationalcom2petitiveadvantage[J].AcademyofManagementReview,1998,23(4):660ꆪ679.[16]ꆡKaleP,SinghH,:Buildingrelationalcapital[J].StrategicManagementJournal,2000,21(3):217ꆪ237.[17]ꆡKaleP,DyerJH,,stockmarketresponse,andlong2termalliancesuccess:Theroleofthealliancefunction[J].StrategicManagementJournal,2002,23(8):747ꆪ767.[18]ꆡ[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1998,19(4):293ꆪ317.(쿂뗚49튳)
ꆡ뗚2웚?ꆡ쇁뗈:컒맺짺컯튽튩닺튵ퟔ훷뒴탂뗄짺첬좺실쒣쪽퇐뺿49StudyontheModeofSelf2innovationEcologicalCommunityforChinapisBiomedicineIndustryWULiang,DAIWei2hui(SchoolofManagement,FudanUniversity,Shanghaiꆡ200433,Chian)Abstract:BasedontheanalysisoftechnologyinnovationinChinapisbiomedicineindustry,,,:self2innovation;modeofecologicalcommunity;ecologicalchain;biomedicineindustry(짏뷓뗚19튳)AReviewonLearningEffectsofInterfirmCooperativeExperiencesWUBo,JIASheng2hua(SchoolofManagement,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhouꆡ310027,China)Abstract:,itsummarizesthepastresearchesintothreemodels,whichincludecooperativeabilitybasedlearningeffectsmodel,marginaldescendinglearningeffectsmodel,,theformationofcooperativeabilitywillbemoreheavilydependentoncooperativeexperienceandtheꆰstudybydoingꆱlearningpattern,:cooperativeexperiences;learningeffects;cooperativeability;cooperativeperformance
