౦Бሧਘ۽ቔ2012୍ֻ1௹理论探索ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ંฐษ ိ(ଲषն࿐ўݚ࿐ჽྐ༏ܵ༢฿ࣃ300270)Нୀ(νߪն࿐ܵ࿐ჽކ٧230039)ኵᄶ(ଲषն࿐അ࿐ჽ฿ࣃ300071)ᅋေ文章探讨了竞争情报协同的成因,并对竞争情报协同的理论视角进行分析,进而提出竞争情报协同的概念,以期为竞争情报的相关研究提供参考bܱՍ竞争情报竞争情报协同协同理论TheoreticalExplorationofSynergyofCompetitiveIntelligenceYaoWei(,NankaiUniversityBinhaiCollege,Tianjin,300270)YanBeini(ManagementSchool,AnhuiUniversity,Hefei,230039)TongZehua(BusinessSchoolofNankaiUniversity,Tianjin,300071)AbstractThroughinvestigationofthecausesofcompetitiveintelligencecollaboration,andtheanalysisofthetheoreticalperspectiveofcompetitiveintelligencecollaboration,thepaperputsforwardtheconceptofcompetitiveintell-igencecollaboration,,competitiveintelligencecollaboration,collaborationtheoryࣩᆚ౦Бࠃടࠣ၂༢ਙაྐ༏aᆩ്ཌྷܱ֥ࠃၛࠣٳ༅֥ࣉᅚ,ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ॖྛྟ,ࣉطbࣩᆚ౦Бህြದჴླေࡼྐ༏ඌaದ࠽ܱ༢aࣩᆚ౦ၛՎູఏׄ,ฐษࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ۀ֩bБିၛࣩࠣᆚ౦Бԩੀӱࣜဒ֩ࣉྛᆜކ,ࣉطࡼࣩᆚ౦Б֥ؿᅚӱྐ༏ሇߐູ౦Б,ၹՎ,ࣩᆚ౦БህြದჴླေऎСॴ࿐ࣩᆚ౦БؿᅚӱնุႵ۱ࢨ؍[2-6]:॓ა؟࿐֥࣮॓ٚمࠣࡼཌྷܱٚمაିࣉྛࢲކֻ֥၂ࢨ؍ 20ൗࡀ60~70୍ս,ఃࡗն҆ٳି৯bགྷսࣩᆚ౦Б࣮֥ᇗྏၘࣜૼཁሇ၍֞ದ৯ሧࣩᆚ౦Бࠃ൞٤ᆞൔބᅞඌྟ֝ཟ֥,ࣇࣇ൞ඔऌЧaੀӱބྐ༏ඌࢲކഈbཱུغބॏֺථᆷԛૄ۱ࠃ൬ࠢ,ીႵᆞൔ֥౦Б҆bᄝᆃ၂ࢨ؍,ࣩᆚ౦Бᇗݖӱᆭଽടࠣದჴaඌa۽ऎࠣߌ֥ࢌ[1],ૄ۱౦൪षؿඔऌaྐ༏ࠆ౼֥ି৯,ીႵࡼࣩᆚ౦БაथБࠃᆭࡗ္ဢടࠣದჴaඌa۽ऎࠣߌ֥ླྀbҦᇅקaۚҪܵᆀ֥ܱᇿࢲކఏট,ѩໃࣉྛࣩଢభ֥ࣩᆚ౦Б࣮ᇏ,ಌഒࣩؓᆚ౦Бህြದᆚ౦Бٳ༅bჴaࣩᆚ౦Бඌaࣩᆚ౦Бഡീࠣߌᆭࡗܱ༢ֻ֥ؽࢨ؍ 20ൗࡀ80୍ս,Վൈࣩᆚᆀٳ༅࣮bЧ໓༐ຬՖླྀં֥࢘؇,ฐษࣩᆚ౦Бླྀބྛြٳ༅ष௴ࠣ,ࣩᆚ౦БದჴႮܶᆯିሇ֥ۀ,ಒקཌྷܱ֥ۀॿࡏ,ၛьࡼটູ࣮ࣩэູႏཧࠣܿ߃ᆯି,ѩᇯࡶྙӮᆞൔ҆bᄝֻؽᆚ౦Бህြದჴࠣఃაࣩᆚ౦Бݖӱaದaඌ֥֩ࢨ؍,ࣩᆚ౦БࠃЌӻఃᅞඌ֝ཟ,ࣩᆚ౦БՖြླྀิ܂ં၇ऌbದჴ֥ࡗמྙའႵ෮ڿ,൞ࠫެીႵടࠣקਈඔऌٳ༅b1ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥Ӯၹֻࢨ؍ 20ൗࡀ90୍ս,ᆃ၂ࢨ؍,ࣩᆚ౦Чࢫ๙ݖฐษࣩᆚ౦Б֥ؿᅚӱaٓຶ֥ঔᅚБႵᇹႿᆞൔࠏܒᇏ֥ᅞथҦᇅק,ѩྙӮᆞൔ҆ 本文系国家社会科学基金项目 情报分析中的个体认知偏差及其干预策略研究 (批准号:11CTQ013)的研究成果之一b48
౦Бሧਘ۽ቔ2012୍ֻ1௹bࣩᆚ౦Бࠃ൞ႮᅞඌބᅞथҦᇅק֝ཟ֥,ও࿙ᅳྍඌa൧ӆaቆᆮ෮૫ਢ֥ຯཽࠣࠏმb理ѩടࠣקਈބקྟٳ༅bࣩᆚ౦Б֤֞ਔۚҪܵՖࣩᆚ౦Бട֥ࠣਵთु,ࣩᆚ౦БՖഅြൌ论ᆀ֥ܱᇿ,ѩؓᅞथҦᇅקႵ෮܊ངbᇏ֥ႏཧaᆟҦބᅞ֩ਵთ֥႕ཙᇏ൳ၭ٨రbࣩ探索ֻඹࢨ؍ 21ൗࡀԚ,ࣩᆚ౦Бቔູቆᆮނྏᆚ౦Б֤ၭႿ൧ӆႏཧਵთ֥ࣉ҄,Ⴍః൞ᄝग़aି৯,ޓ؟ᆩն࿐֥അ࿐ჽषഡࣩᆚ౦Бज़ӱ,ѩ൧ӆ࣮აܿ߃ٚ૫bࣩᆚ౦Б֥Ⴈ౼थႿႵܱ܄ഡᇂࣩᆚ౦Бህြbᆃ၂ࢨ؍,ࣩᆚ౦Бࠃ఼טקඳሱദaః෮ԩߌࠣఃྛြ֥Ҧࠣᅞٳ༅bࣩྟٳ༅,ѩ൞ᅞ֝ཟbࣩᆚ౦Б֤֞ۚҪ֥ᇗ൪,ᆚ౦Бࡼ౦Бބᅞaࣩᆚᆀa൧ӆaඌྟᇉaѓۆᆰࢤაथҦᇅקཌྷܱ৳,ѩྙӮᆞൔ҆ა٤ᆞൔܵaາࠏܵބᆩ്ܵࣅૡ৳༢[16]bႵི֥ࣩᆚࠃཌྷࢲކb౦БࠃਵთԩႿॺ֥ٗഅြ౦Бބࢠᅎ֥ࣩᆚᆀֻࢨ؍Ⴟ2010୍,ᆃ၂ࢨ؍֥ܱ൙ࡱ൞౦Бᆭࡗ,طࣩᆚ౦Бູ൧ӆa٤൧ӆᅞބᅞඌ֥2010୍7ᄅ8ರ,ऎႵ25୍ؿᅚൎ֥ࣩᆚ౦БՖြᇅקaܙބטᆜิ܂ࠎԤbᆀླྀ߶ᆞൔࡼఃቆᆮӫSCIP(SocietyofCompetitiveՖࣩᆚ౦Бܵؓའটु,ࣩᆚ౦Бܵ҂ࣇေIntelligenceProfessionals)ڿູᅞაࣩᆚ౦БՖြᆀؓྐ༏ބದࣉྛܵ,ߎေࡼྐ༏ބದ৵ࢤఏটࣉྛླྀ߶(StrategicandCompetitiveIntelligenceProfession-ܵ;ࣩᆚ౦Бܵေࡼྐ༏ԩି৯ބದ֥Էྍିals)bՎՑڿّ႘ԛࣩᆚ౦Бህြᆞཟᆦӻྛᆟथ৯ཌྷࢲކ,ᄹ఼ቆᆮؓߌ֥ൡႋି৯bࣩᆚ౦БླҦٚཟؿᅚ,ѩૼಒӵಪࣩᆚ౦Бބᅞᆭࡗ֥ܱေࣩᆚ౦БದჴऎႵ၂ק֥ెᆩ്ބԷᄯྟ[15]b༢bᆃՑڿड़קਔࣩᆚ౦Бބᅞ֥ૡ్ཌྷܱ,ၛᆩࣃᆷԛࣩᆚ౦Б֥ܵؓའЇওܵࢲܒaނྏཛࣩࠣᆚ౦БؓႿቆᆮؿᅚٚཟބӮۿ֥ᇗေྟbᆃ၂ଢڛༀaࣩᆚ౦Бದჴࣩࠣᆚ౦БӁԛ[6]61bࢨ؍,ࣩᆚ౦БࠃᆦӻؓᅞथҦ֥ऊࢊ,఼טᅞՖࣩᆚ౦Б֥ੀӱु,ࣩᆚ౦Б൞ੀ֥,ࣩᆚაᅞඌ֝ཟ,๙ݖᆜކࣩᆚ౦БބᅞࣉطԷᄯ౦Бੀ֥ݖӱࣩࠧᆚ౦Бੀӱ,൞ࣩᆚ౦Б֥ܵหࡎᆴbᄝᆃ၂ࢨ؍,ༀཬቆaؒၘࣜӮູྍྙ൝࣮ؓའbႄೆൈࡗэਈ,ࣩᆚ౦Бੀӱࣼ൞ࣩᆚ౦༯ቆᆮܒࡹ֥ᇏྏߌࢫ[7],ط༥߄֞۱ದb۱ದ࠻ေБളଁᇛ௹,ࠧՖࣩᆚ౦БӁളࣩ֞ᆚ౦БാིބФวՖ൙ࣩᆚ౦Бࠃ,Ⴛ൞ࣩᆚ౦Б֥Ⴈb֥ಆݖӱ,ࣩᆚ౦Бളଁᇛ௹൞ࣩᆚ౦Б֥ܵग़ܴࣩᆚ౦Бٓຶ֥ঔᅚ၇ऌᆭ၂bڶغ֣ࣉ၂҄ᆷԛࣩᆚ౦БऎႵൈིྟ,ࠧՖࣩᆚ౦Б֥ଽݤु,ࣩᆚ౦Б๙ӈФಪູ൞ᄝ؋ൈࡗଽؓഒඔ۱ุႵࡎᆴ,ࣩᆚ౦Бੀӱॖၛ۴ऌݖӱ,൞ᆷ൬ࠢႵܱࣩᆚؓ൭ބ෮ԩࣩᆚߌ֥۱ྟ߄aקᇅ߄֥౦БླطҐ౼ਲࠃٚൔ[6]61bࣩᆚ౦ྐ༏,ࡼఃປૅֹႋႨ֞ቆᆮ֥ᅞܿ߃ބथҦБܵੀӱ၂Ϯॖၛ߃ٳູҐࠢa്љaԷᄯa܋ཚaႋᇏ,ѩႮՎิۚቆᆮ֥ᄎႏି৯bࣩᆚ౦Бࡼྐݼa൙Ⴈaቆᆮބൡႋ֩ߌࢫ,ࣩᆚ౦Бੀӱაఒြ֥ြༀࡱaܿᄵބඔऌაႵܱഅြބࣩᆚߌ֥aॖ്љ֥ੀӱ࠻൞ູ၂ุ֥,Ⴛ൞ॖٳ֥bြༀੀӱ൞ࣩଆൔބ൝৳༢ఏটbᆚ౦Бটჷބࣩᆚ౦БႋႨ֥ؓའ,ࣩᆚ౦Бੀӱ൞Ֆࣩᆚ౦Б֥ݤۂ૫,ुࣩᆚ౦Біགྷູݖӱaۿြༀੀӱ֥Ԏའbఃᇏ֥ࣩᆚٳ༅ੀӱ൞ᆷᇯ۱ၲିaӁ,ࠇᆀ֥ቆކ[8]bࣩᆚ౦Бݤۂᇙ؟౦БӮٳ:ඔऌࠇྐ༏টϺᇹथҦᆀᆜԛႵࡎᆴ֥౦БބิࣩᆚᆀaඌaӁaڛༀaߌ(ള)aࣜ࠶aمੰaܿԛॖྛྟ֥ࡹၰ,ѩ๙ݖᆃᇕٚൔؓ॓࿐ބ٤॓࿐֥ᄵaܓઙaѩܓaग़a܂ႋഅa൧ӆaࠄϴaކቔᆀaഠ߶ٚمބ҄ᇧࣉྛඃႋႨ[15]bߌaൎМࣟaᆟᇍߌၛࠣቆᆮ֥ଽ҆ߌ[9-12]bഈඍଽಸՖࣩᆚ౦Бଽݤaݤۂ૫aᆯିaടࠣਵൈ,ᆃུ౦БӮٳӁളਔሹ֥ࣩᆚ౦Б[13]bSalmoߎิ֞თaܵؓའބੀӱ֩ٚ૫ࣉྛฐษ,ॖၛؿགྷࣩᆚࣩᆚ౦Бݖӱടࠣഠ߶aࣩᆚaֹჸᆟᇍa൧ӆaمੰ౦Бട֥ࠣٓຶЇওߌaഠ߶౦aቆᆮࢲܒaࠃބֹ֩ٚ૫[14]bшࢸa౦Бದჴaඔऌྐ༏a౦Бඌa໓߄ࡹഡa౦БՖࣩᆚ౦Б֥ᆯିु,ࣩᆚ౦БФ൪ູ၂ᇕቆᆮݖӱࠣఃࠏᇅ֩bᆯି,ࣩᆚ౦Бᆯି߶ູิԛaܙބྩڿቆᆮᅞࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅֥ࣉᅚބᅞඌิ܂ᄽൌ֥ࠎԤ,ᆃࣼླေࣩᆚ౦Бದჴ০Ⴈࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅֥ٳ༅ྟ࣮གྷሑఃห֥ିaᆩ്aି৯ބЧିࢣൕԛ۷ऎႵࣩᆚࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ݖӱ൞Ֆჰࣩᆚ౦Бሧਘൻೆ৯֥౦Б[15]bቔູၛದູЧ֥ᆯି,ࣩᆚ౦Бॴᄀބࣩ֞ᆚ౦БӮൻԛ֥ݖӱ,ᄝᆃᇕ൪࢘༯,ࣩᆚ౦ᇗןఃᆯି Ⴍః൞ପུބႏཧaܿ߃ཌྷܱ֥ᆯБႿჰ֥a֥aࠎЧ֥ඔऌ,ࣜݖࣩᆚ౦Бದି[16]bॏक़ W M ೦Ֆࣩᆚ౦Б֥ᆯି࢘؇ؓჴᆜٳ༅ު,ሇ߄ູႵႨ֥ྐ༏,ᄜщለӮડቀथࣩᆚ౦Бੀӱࣉྛ൸,ѩิԛࣩᆚ౦БੀӱऎСඹҦᆀ౦Бླ֥Ⴕིྙൔbࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅֥ؓའЇওᇕᆯି,ࠧຩܵaྛြࡓaေׄܵބБۡᆯିb൬֥ࠢ֞ჰඔऌaჰྐ༏aჰࣩᆚ౦Бሧਘ,ఃᆃඹᇕᆯିՖದ࠽ຩaؒࡹഡa໓߄ࡹഡaݖੲࠏଢ֥൞ಒקఃᇏ֥ଆൔaܱ༢ࠇၳӈbᇅaگᄖ౦֩ٚ૫ૼಒਔࣩᆚ౦Бੀӱ֥ᄎቔ[17]bVibertಪູࣩᆚ౦Б֥ࡎᆴ൞ᄝႿؓჰඔऌaBernhardtᆷԛෙಖࣩᆚ౦Б֥ᇶေᆯି൞ิ܂౦БӁྐ༏ބሧਘ֥ٳ༅,ѩᄝٳ༅ࠎԤഈҐ౼ྛ[19]b,൞ಆ૫֥ࣩᆚ౦Бᄎቔсྶ੫ྛః࢘[18],Ї೦ᆷԛࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅൞ؓྐ༏ࣉྛࡆ۽,ᆭൡႨႿ49
౦Бሧਘ۽ቔ2012୍ֻ1௹理论ᅞაᅞඌथҦ[17]149-151bक़ථ ຳථหಪູࣩᆚ౦ᆀؓႿࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅קၬ֥ҧᇗׄࠣ൝b探Бٳ༅ದჴླေऎСٳ༅aᄇބࢳି[20]b索Johnstonؓ౦Бٳ༅֥קၬ൞ᄝ၂קഠ߶໓߄Мࣟ༯,ࡼ۱ದაุࠢಪᆩٚمሸކႋႨႿࡌഡဒᆣაඔऌࢳ[21]bഫܥӔ֩ಪູࣩᆚ౦Б֥ٳ༅ੀӱЇওٳ༅ൡ֥֒ඔऌ,ิ܂ؿགྷѩ࿊ᄴቋࡄࡹၰ[22]bࣧவ֩ᆷԛ౦Бٳ༅൞ؓྐ༏ࣉྛധೆٳ༅ࠣडࡆ۽,ളӁԛӁ,ࣩࠧᆚ౦Б[23]bڠঞചބЧ්ಪູࣩᆚٳ༅൞ᇯ۱ၲඔऌࠇྐ༏,ၛϺᇹथҦᆀᆜԛႵࡎᆴ֥౦Б,ѩࣉ၂҄ิԛॖྛྟ֥ࡹၰ,๙ݖᆃᇕݖӱ,ࣩᆚ౦Бದჴղ֞ؓ॓࿐ބ٤॓࿐ٚمა҄ᇧ֥តඃࢌҭᄎႨ[15]bሸഈ෮ඍ,ࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ݖӱЇݣٳ༅ྟࠃ[24],ࠧܙඔऌॖौྟaႵིྟބཌྷܱ,ྟሸކაٳ༅ᆃུඔऌ,ࡼᆃུӮݔሇ߄ӮႵၩၬ֥ᆜุbᆃᇕሇ߄ЇওؓӮݔ֥ܙၛࠣؓ൬ࠢྐ༏֥؎bࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ࠃ֥ࢲݔ࠻ॖၛࡥֆ߄,২ೂᛍফೡ૭܄ඳ୍֥؇1ཁൕਔཌྷܱ࿐ᆀؓႿࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ᇏٳ༅Бۡބః܄܋໓֖,္ॖၛབྷ࣐߄,২ೂᆳྛॴൈྟაࢳྟ֥קၬ൝,Ֆྙཁൕაഈඍ࿐ᆀܴׄॢ֥ಆඔሳ߄ᅞᆚႳ༤[16]bॖᆩ,ࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ऎႵٳ༅ྟބࢳྟ,ࣩࠧᆚ౦ࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅֥ࢳྟ࣮གྷሑБٳ༅֥ؽའྟ[24]bࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ࠃ൞Ⴎٳ༅ྟࠃBerkowitzᆷԛٳ༅൞౦Б൬ࠢࠃ֥ܱၹބࢳྟࠃቆӮ֥ॢࡗ,ᄝࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ࠃ,ടູࠣડቀࣩᆚ౦Бग़ླطࡎބሇ߄ჰᇏ,ऎႵದ ഡС(ࠏఖ/ೈࡱ) ༀ ߌඔऌ֥ඪૼaࢳބࢲં[19]bMillerಪູࣩᆚ౦БٳдՎ֥ྟᇉbࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ݖӱᇏ,ླေॉ੮ࣩ༅൞ᆷࢳඔऌ,ѩሇߐູॖᆳྛ౦Б[25]bMooreᆷᆚ౦Бٳ༅ದჴaࣩᆚ౦БඌഡСaࣩᆚ౦Бༀԛ౦Бٳ༅֥ඹ۱ҪՑ:૭ඍaࢳaඪૼaࡎ[26]bࣩ(Ӂ)ࠇᆀࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ߌbᆚ౦Бݖӱ֥ٳ༅ࢨ؍Ϝჰඔऌ(ඔሳa൙ൌaఒြሸഈ෮ඍ,ࣩᆚ౦Бଢభ֥ؿᅚࢨ؍֤ࣩᆚ౦ᄎႏႵܱ֥ሧਘ)ሇ߄ູॖᆳྛ౦Б(ؓඔऌࣉྛᆜБაᅞथҦࣉྛᆜކbࣩᆚ౦Бࠃᇏ,҂ࣇᆞൔࢳ,ࢣൕఃమᄝଆൔaཌྷܱ৳ࠣ൝[27])bպົ҆ა٤ᆞൔ҆ॖၛࢲކ,طିܔ༥߄֞۱ದ, ථກڠᆷԛ၂҆ٳದϜࣩᆚ౦Бुቔྐ༏,ࠧඔऌ۱ದ࠻൞ࣩᆚ౦Б֥ളӁᆀ,Ⴛ൞ࣩᆚ౦БႨ,ᆃ֥൬ࠢބ߸ሹ,ط҂൞ࡆഈٳ༅ބࢳ֥౦Б[28]bဢྙӮ҂҆a҂ದჴᆭࡗᄝ૫ؓ҂౦БༀMcGonagleᆷԛᄝࣩᆚ౦Бᇏ,ٳ༅൞ᆷؓ൙ൌൈିܔླྀטაᆜކbބჰඔऌࣉྛࡎބࢳ,Ֆطิ܂ቋᇔ౦Бၛᆦࣩᆚ౦Бٓຶ֥ঔᅚ,֤ࣩᆚ౦БࠃᇏླေӻႵི֥थҦ[29],ٳ༅൞ؓ෮ႵॖႨሧਘࣉྛᆜކaॉ੮ೂ༯ၹ,Їওഠ߶౦aࠃшࢸaቆᆮࢲܒaࢳaܙބٳ༅,ѩູ۲ᇕ౦БӁڛༀ[30]bٳ༅ട౦Бඌa౦Бದჴaඔऌྐ༏a౦Бݖӱࠣఃࠏᇅ֥ࠣ҂ࣇࣇ൞ۀও෮൬֥ࠢඔऌ,ఃଢѓ൞ࢳ൬ࠢ֩bطࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ࠃ൞Ⴎٳ༅ྟࠃބࢳྟࠃྐ༏֥ᇗေݣၬ[31]bHeuerᆷԛ౦Бٳ༅ࠎЧഈ൞၂ቆӮ֥ॢࡗ,ᄝࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅ࠃᇏ,ླေॉᇕԷᄯྟ֥ྏᇆݖӱ,ٳ༅ದჴ֥නົٚൔaၩ്ࣜ੮ٳ༅ದჴa౦БඌഡСaࣩᆚ౦Бༀࠇᆀࣩᆚဒ႕ཙᆃ၂ݖӱ[32]bFaheyಪູࣩᆚٳ༅֥ଢ֥҂ࣇ౦Бٳ༅ߌb൞བྷֹ࣐ਔࢳࣩᆚؓ൭ࠇࣩᆚ৯,ط՜ࣉනົaࢳࣩᆚ౦Бದჴсྶಆ૫ਔࢳቆᆮ֥ࣩᆚ౦БࠃބथҦ,ၛьቋᇔҐ౼ྛ[33]bॖၛुԛࣩᆚ౦Бٓຶ,ࢳ۲۱ࣩᆚ౦Бࠃᆭࡗ֥шࢸ,ླྀט۲ٳ༅ླေٳ༅ದჴ֥නົaၩ്ބࣜဒؓࢨ؍ྟٳ༅ࣩᆚ౦Бࠃ,ሸކॉ੮ࣩᆚ౦Бࠃട֥ࠣၹ,ࢲݔࠇᆀࣩᆚ౦БӁࣉྛࢨ؍ྟࠇᆀӻ࿃ྟࢳ,Ֆطࠆ֤ࣩᆚ౦БӁԛaࢳaԮѬބ০Ⴈᇏ֥ܿଆၛьؓٳ༅ࢲݔࣉྛൌᆣࠇᆀဒbࣜ࠶ིၭބٓຶࣜ࠶ིၭ,ၛьᆦӻఒြथҦᇅק,ࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅๙ݖࡎބࢳࡼඔऌሇэູ౦ᆃࣼླေྍ֥࣮ٚمބં,Ֆطႄԛࣩᆚ౦БླྀБ,ඔऌԩေٳ༅ದჴݻٮൈࡗປӮჰඔऌ֥֥ۀ,ೂ2෮ൕbщଢa݂֖a࠺bٳ༅ದჴοᅶေؓ൬ࠢބᆜ֥ඔऌࣉྛࢳ,ၛਔࢳࣩᆚߌބࣩᆚؓ൭ೂޅэ2ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ۀࢸק߄bٳ༅ສສടࠣၹݔܱ༢֥ҩקaٳ༅აࢳbࣩᆚ౦Б൬ࠢaٳ༅aԩၛࠣԮѬ֥ݖӱླေࣉؓၛഈ࿐ᆀܱႿࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅קၬ֥ҧᇗׄࣉྛࣅૡ֥ࠢӮაླྀ,ൌགྷ۲۱ࣩᆚ౦Б۽ቔֆჭ֥ྛ݂ো,ࠧٳ༅ྟބࢳྟਆ۱ົ؇ࣉྛ݂ো,ѩ҄߄,ປӮۚᇉਈ֥ࣩᆚ౦Бༀbଢభޓ؟ఒြࠇᆀοᅶקၬิԛ֥ൈࡗࣉྛஆ,ളӮ1,ཁൕၛഈ࿐ቆᆮᄝࣩᆚ౦Бԩݖӱᇏಌك๙aݖӱࠁ,Ֆط50
౦Бሧਘ۽ቔ2012୍ֻ1௹ᆚᅞaࣩᆚ౦Бሧჷaࣩᆚ౦Бༀ理(ۚҪܵದჴູ౦Бࠃಒק֥ଢѓ)aࣩᆚ౦Бֆ໊֥ቆ论ᆮק໊(ऎุ֥ᆯି҆ڵᄳࣩᆚ౦Б࠹߃֥ൌ探索ീ)aࣩᆚ౦Бٳ༅აԮѬ(Їওؓྐ༏֥ଽಸࠣఃٓຶࣉྛ֥ԩaࣩᆚ౦Бֆ໊ؓ౦Б֥ԮѬӱ؇)aၛቆᆮིࠛіൕ֥ࣩᆚ౦БӮݔ,ࣉطิԛؓၛഈေᆭࡗ֥ླྀࢌܱ༢ࣉྛ࣮,ࣩᆚ౦Бࠃ۷ࡆႵ,ིೂ3෮ൕ,ᆃఞఞඪૼࣩᆚ౦БࠃऎႵླྀྟbࣩᆚ౦Бᆭ෮ၛླྀӮູॖି,ᇶေᄝႿః۱ٚ૫֥หᆘ:Ⴈ֥ൈྟa؟ᇗႨൈ֥ଈྟၛࠣކӮྟ,ࠧϜۄࣩᆚ౦БކӮఏটॖၛӁള۷؟ྍ֥ࣩᆚ౦БหᄯӮࣩᆚ౦БࠢӮაླྀթᄝ҂ቀ,ࢆࣩ֮ᆚ౦БӁ֥ᇉਈ[34],ᆃࣼླေᄝఒြଽ҆۲۱ࣩᆚ౦Бྛֆ໊ࠇᆀࣩᆚ౦Бದჴᆭࡗࣉྛډ֥ࢌbՖࣩᆚ౦Б֥ۀु,SCIPิԛࣩᆚ౦Б൞൬ࠢaٳ༅aԮ־ຓ҆ྐ༏,Ֆطิ܂Ⴊ߄थҦᇅק֥aژކ֣֥֡༢ྟݖӱ[35]bࣩᆚ౦Бݤۂਔఒြ֥౦Бದჴaੀӱބඌ֩ሸކྟൌุaܱ༢ࠣࠃሹӫ,൬ࠢބٳ༅౦Бሧਘ,ሸކӮࣩᆚ౦БӁ,ູथҦᆀิԛڛༀ[36]bLiebowitz(2004)ᆷԛ༢ྟ҂ࣇၩሢࣩᆚ౦Бࠃ֥ቆᆮ߄ݖӱ,طၩሢࣩᆚྟb֒ۄਵთॖၛൈႨଖᇕሧჷط҂߶႕ཙః౦БࠃбࢠܱᇿႿຓ҆(ཌྷؓႿଽ҆ط)ྐ༏ਵთؓᆃᇕሧჷႨ֥ൈީ,ࣼӁളਔླྀིႋ[45],طࣩᆚ౦БऎႵᆃᇕหᆘb[37]bHannula&Pirttimakiᆷԛඔऌބྐ༏ቔູ౦Бݖӱބࠃ֥ൻೆ,ࣜݖԩაࣚӁളႵܱ৳ބႵሸഈ෮ඍ,ࣩᆚ౦Бླေ֥൞ླྀߌ,ط҂൞ၩၬ֥ᆩ്ބࢳb๙ݖࡼඔऌބྐ༏ሇ߄ູᆩ്ބ۲ሱູႏaཌྷٿо֥ߌbෛሢॴшࢸੀӱa০ၭཌྷܱᆀ֥ഥ֩ۀ֥Ӂള,Ⴕсေॉ੮ᄝაࣩᆚࠃ౦Б,ԩაࣚݖӱൌགྷਔඔऌބྐ༏֥ᄹᆴ,ѩܱ৳֥҆ٳࡹ৫ླྀܱ༢[46]bі1ཁൕਔࣩᆚ౦БӁᆩ്ა౦БႋႨႿथҦᇅקᆭᇏ[38]bBouthillier&ܴaݖӱܴބླྀܴ֥ؓб౦ঃbJinᆷԛᄝࣩᆚ౦Б໓ངᇏ,ીႵህᆌࣩؓᆚ౦Бህြದჴೂޅაඌླྀ֥࣮,ѩՖࣩᆚ౦Бದჴaࣩᆚ౦Бඌaࣩᆚ౦Бༀބࣩᆚ౦Бྛ౦ᆭࡗ֥ླྀࢌܱ༢ࣉྛਔ࣮[39]bAlvarezᆷԛࣩᆚ౦Бದჴაఃሧჷࣉྛླྀࢌ,ࣉطࠆ౼ྐ༏֥ݖӱᇏླေః൙ࠇᆀದ֥ླྀᇹކቔ[40]bՖࣩᆚ౦Бݖӱु,Miree&PrescottaPrescottЧ໓ಪູࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ൞ᆷࣩᆚ౦Бࠃᇏ,ᄝิԛࣩᆚ౦Б൞၂۱گᄖ֥ቆᆮݖӱ,ടࠣ؟۱ҕࣩᆚ౦Бದჴaࣩᆚ౦Бඌaࣩᆚ౦БഡСഡീaࣩაᆀa০ၭཌྷܱᆀaቆᆮଽ֥҆؟۱Ҫࠩބᆯି[41-42],ᆚ౦Бༀၛࣩࠣᆚ౦Бߌᆭࡗ෮ྙӮ֥ܱѩູथҦᆀิ܂҂֥൪࢘bGaneshaMireeބ༢bࣉ၂҄ࢃ,ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ൞ᆷᄝࣩᆚ౦Бༀ֥Prescottᆷԛն҆ٳ֥ࣩᆚ౦Б൞ᆌؓหק֥ቆᆮ౺༯,ࣩᆚ౦Бದჴ۴ऌࣩᆚ౦БႨླაಪᆩߌط,ѩᇂႿቆᆮߌᆭᇏ,ࣩᆚ౦БӁބڛหᆘ,ҐႨཌྷႋ֥ඌބഡീ,ၛൌགྷࣩᆚ౦Б֥ࡎༀऎႵپڶ֥ྐ༏ଽಸ,ᆌؓ҂֥ऎุቆᆮ,ࣩᆚ౦ᆴഥބԷྍྟᄹᆴ֥ݖӱᇏྙӮ֥ܱ༢bᄝࣩᆚ౦БႵ༥ັҵљࠣ҂֥ጫ[43]bၹՎ,ູਔԉٳਔࢳቆБႨބࣩᆚ౦Бದჴᆭࡗ,ॖၛҐႨޅૂࢺࣉྛᆮ֥ࣩᆚ౦Бݖӱ,сྶϜࣩᆚ౦БᇂႿః෮ᄝቆᆮМ؟ཟࠒֹࠞၳֹaൌൈ๙ࠇ༢ਙࠃ,ࣉطᆞ૫႕ࣟ༯bཙࣩᆚ౦БႨ֥ൌaྛބथҦbॖၛࡼఒြ֥າࠏࠇᆀ෮ԩ֥൪ູ᧦ᄹࡆAntia&Hesford࣮ࣩᆚ౦Бݖӱ֝ཟ൪࢘ࠣఃؓቆᆮིࠛ႕ཙ֥ൈީ,ഡ࠹ਔࣩᆚ౦Бݖӱ֥ࢲܒ(Ⴕ؇֮)֥གྷའ,ࠧఒြࣜႏؿᅚᇏ֥໘aߊॿࡏྟሑ,طࣩᆚ౦Бླྀט֥ൌീᆞ൞ఒြ᧦ቋཬ߄[44],ѩᆷԛఃࢲܒॿࡏଽ֥ေЇওቆᆮߌބࣩ(Ⴕ؇ۚ)֥ݖӱ,ࠧᆌؓఒြາࠏࠇᆀ෮ԩ,51
౦Бሧਘ۽ቔ2012୍ֻ1௹理论טཌྷܱሧჷ,ิԛࢳथٚσ,ၛьႿఒြࣉྛႵၭ探֥थҦbᅧᆃဢ֥ࣩᆚ౦Бᄀ؟,ᄀି۷ݺֹ࠹߃索ބቆᆮႋؓᆭ֡,ܿхڄགࠇᆀາࠏ,Ֆطࡨཬາࠏࠇᆀ໘֥ԩbࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֤ఒြሱദԩႿष٢༢ᆭᇏ,ࠧაఃߌࢌߐିਈބྐ༏,ॖၛࢆ֮᧦֥ඣ[47]bࣩᆚ౦Бੀӱaቆᆮ໓߄aᇂ֥ඌ֩൞ቆᆮൌീࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ࠎԤഡീ,ႨႿԩaԥթၛࠣෛൈෛֹᇗگႨჰࣩᆚ౦Бሧਘࣩࠣᆚ౦БӁbӮۿ֥ླྀླေࡔܥ֥ࠎԤഡീ,ၛь՜ࣉၛࣩᆚ౦Бູᇏྏ֥ᆦӻࠃࠣڛༀbࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ൌᇉ൞ᄝࣩؓᆚ౦Бླࠣః౦ᆞಒ֥ࢳ༯,ᄝᆞႿࣚപaၩ്ࠇᆀᆩ്֥ٓԐbࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ग़ܴಒ֥ൈࡗ,οᅶᆞಒ֥ࣩᆚ౦БႨದჴ෮ԩ֥౦ྟ൞ᆷࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ྙൔࠇᆀࠏᇅ൞ग़ܴ֥,ࠧေࢹᇹႿ၂ק֥ྙൔࠇᆀࠏᇅট՜ࣉླྀࢌb,ၛᆞಒ֥ྙൔ,ࡼᆞಒ֥ࣩᆚ౦БӁࠇᆀڛༀԮ־۳ᆞಒ֥ࣩᆚ౦БႨbࣩᆚ౦Б୭৯֥ଢѓ൞ᄝྐ༏ܵ࿐൪࢘༯,ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ൞ࣩؓᆚྟ࿃൬ࠢٳ༅ඔऌ,ѩᄝᆞಒ֥ൈࡗ,ࡼᆞಒ֥ࣩᆚྐ༏ሧჷ֥Ґࠢaࡆ۽aԩaԮѬa০Ⴈ֩၂༢ਙൌ౦БԮ־۳ᆞಒ֥ದ[48]23bགྷྐ༏ᄹᆴ֥ြༀੀӱ֥षᅚbᄝᆃ۱ݖӱᇏ,ϴෛ4ཁൕਔࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥આࠠ,౦Бჭ(൞ᆷሢࣩᆚ౦Бඌ֥Ⴈ,ࣩᆚ౦Бༀ֥ᇯ҄ൌགྷၛᄏݣᄝჰࣩᆚ౦Бሧਘᇏ֥҂ॖᄜٳ۩֥ऎႵປࣩࠣᆚ౦Бದჴᆭࡗ֥bС౦Біղ֥ࣩᆚ౦Бֆჭ)թᄝႿჰࣩᆚ౦Бഠ߶࿐൞Ֆഠ߶ᆜุԛؿ,࣮ದোഠ߶ࠣದ֥ሧਘᆭᇏ,ቔູࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ൻೆ,ླྀჭЇഠ߶ྛູؿᅚэ߄֥၂࿐໙[19]187bᄝഠ߶࿐֥൪࢘ও༯,ࣩᆚ౦Бླุྀགྷഠ߶ࢲܒ֥ބࣩᆚ౦Бದჴ:ቆᆮaഠ߶aದჴaഡീa༢aࣩᆚ౦Бੀӱaༀ֩[49],ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀླေᆃུླྀჭᆭࡗࣉྛ֥ഠ߶৯ਈbႮႿࣩᆚ౦БླྀЧദ္൞၂ᇕഠ߶གྷࠢӮൔࢌའ,ၹՎ,ఃݖӱ္൞ഠ߶ݖӱᆭ၂bࣩᆚ౦Бླྀၛླྀ,๙ݖླྀࠃࠣഠ߶ࢌ,ളӮࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ࢲݔ[50],ࣉطࡼࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ࢲݔԮ־טದোഠ߶ࠃູଢ֥طԮ־ᄎሢ֥ྐ༏აᆩ്,൞۳ࣩᆚ౦БႨbChristopheิԛࣩᆚ౦Б֥ᇔࣩࠞᆚ౦Бህြದჴഠ߶ൌ֥Ӂ,ൈ္ॖၛଢѓ൞Ϝࣩᆚ౦Бህြದჴቆᆮఏট,ྙӮุࠢ౦ഠ߶ളӁ৯֥ؿᅚ,൞ࣩᆚ౦БླྀႻ߶൳֞҂Бۿିഠ߶ၹ֥႕ཙ,Їওഠ߶ᇅ؇aഠ߶ࣜ࠶aഠ߶໓߄,क़ڛ۱ದބࢲܒᅰθ[48]19,ᆃ၂නམ֥భิ่ࡱ൞۱ದ౦Б۽ቔ֥ሹބഒႿᆜุุ֥ࠢ౦Бߌ֩b,္ࣼ൞ླྀིႋbᄝྏ࿐֥൪࢘༯,ࣩᆚ౦БླྀᇿᇗႨ֥ླބྏۋ൳ၛࠣ௴๙܄ᇙࣩؓᆚ౦Б֥ࢳ৯ބۋᆩ৯bHeuerՖಪᆩྏ࿐֥൪࣮ࣩ࢘ᆚ౦Бླྀ[32]vibླྀ࿐Ⴕሢ۷ധ֥ݣၬ,҂ࣇЇওದაದᆭࡗ֥ླྀቔ,္Їও҂֥ႋႨ༢aඔऌሧჷaඌഡീaႋႨ౦aದაࠏఖa॓აԮ֩ᆭࡗ֥ླྀbᄝླྀં֥൪࢘ഈ,ࣩᆚ౦Бླ఼ྀטದaඌഡീa౦aༀ֥֩ླྀ,Ֆطᄝᆞಒ֥ൈࡗaၛᆞಒ֥ٚൔaᆞಒ֥ದࠆ֤ᆞಒ֥ࣩᆚ౦Б,ၛൌགྷླྀིႋbVladimirϜ༢קၬູ၂༢ਙ֥ࢌ[51]bࢌၩ3ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ં൪࢘ሢބ၂ུӈᇉ(ିਈaҋਘaྐ༏֩)ࣉྛࢌߐ,ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀವކਔᅽ࿐aഠ߶࿐aྏ࿐֩࿐ࢌߐ൞ᆷᇉ֥Ӂളაࢤବ,ѩႋႨႿࢌݖӱᆭ֥॓ࠎЧჰ,ູࣩᆚ౦Бླྀิ܂Էᄯྟ֥ંᇏbྐ༏൞ቋ௴ђ֥ᇉ,๙ݖ҂ྙൔ֥ႵྙࠇྴࣟࣉྛԮѬ,ᆃࣼ൞Ϝ༢קၬູྐ༏ࢌੀ,܍ীԛ၂۱ห֥ॿࡏ,ೂ5෮ൕbᄝᅽ࿐൪࢘༯,ࣩᆚ౦БླྀऎႵ௴ђྟބห൹ݖӱ֥ࠢކุ֥ჰၹ෮ᄝbೂݔࢌੀऎႵླྀቔྟྟaᇶܴྟބग़ܴྟb௴ђྟ൞ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ഠ߶ᇉ,ࣼ߶ྙӮሰ༢a༢ྟܱ৳ၛࠣૌᆭࡗ֥ݖྟӱ,ࣉطྙӮ༢ིႋބླྀིႋbၹՎ,ࢌੀ൞,ᆷࣩᆚ౦Бླྀླေࣩᆚ౦Бದჴҕაഠ߶߄ླྀ,ᆃؓႿࣩᆚ౦Бದჴط൞ग़ܴթᄝ֥bห൹ྟקၬ༢֥сေ่ࡱ,طླྀቔି৯൞༢ᄎྛაؿᅚᆷࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ᆌؓྟࠇᆀ۱ྟ߄,ࠧᆌؓ҂֥֥ԉٳ่ࡱbՖ༢ં࢘؇ु,ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ൞၂༢Ⴈླ,Ґ౼҂֥ླྀٚൔbࣩᆚ౦Бླྀᇶܴਙ֥ࢌݖӱ,ѩᄝႵཋٓຶ(Ⴎ౦Бༀಒק)ଽ,ྟ൞ᆷࣩᆚ౦Бҕაᆀದჴ֥ླྀކቔ൞ᇶܴ֥ࣉྛ҂ᇉaିਈაྐ༏֥ࢌߐ֥ླྀᆜކbҕა,උ52
౦Бሧਘ۽ቔ2012୍ֻ1௹ླྀ֥ದჴ൞ླྀࢌݖӱ֥ቆӮ҆ٳbླྀᆜކିषჷඔऌӮᆷඔᄹӉ֥౦ঃ༯bᄝሱ߄ࠇ϶ሱഡ理৯ॖၛൌགྷ܋ࣩᆚ౦Бଢѓaܒࡹཌྷܱ༢aԷࡹСᇏ֥ྐ༏ੀླေࣉྛඔሳ݂֖ބٳ༅论,ၛജ౼৵࿃౦Б܋ཚߌbᄝൌീླྀᆜކݖӱᇏടࠣ҂֥ࠏ֥ඔऌੀ,ܵնਈ֥ඔऌ探[36]17bࣩᆚ౦Бླྀݖӱ索ᇅ(ކቔa་ႄaࠇࢲކ),২ೂླྀྛູa҂ࣩᆚ౦ᇏ,ླေԩၛ༯౦ঃ:ਆᇕࠇਆᇕၛഈ֥ླྀჭ,Бࠃ֥ླྀט၂ᇁa҂ྙൔ֥҄߄a܋૾֩bෛሢࣩᆚ౦Бༀ֥ࣉطэ֤ཌྷࢌᆮ,֒ૌൡႋਔླྀߌ,ުླྀჭᆭࡗэ֤дՎൡႋ,ቋᇔྙ4ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥หᆘӮ࠻҆ٳ၇ঠႻཌྷൡႋ֥ླྀ༢bᄝ౦Бٳ߄ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ๙ݖؓ۲ᇕࣩᆚ౦Бࠃ֥ཌྷܱྟ֥౦ঃ༯,ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀטॖၛؿߨః༢ིੱބླྀིܵটಒЌᄝކൡ֥ൈࡗӁളൡ֥֒ݖӱაሧჷ,ടႋbՖ۷௴ђ֥ၩၬഈࢃ,ഈඍ౦ঃဒᆣਔ؟ჭ߄ࣩᆚࣩࠣᆚ౦Бሧჷᆭࡗaࣩᆚ౦Бԩࠃᆭࡗaࣩᆚ౦౦Бླྀ൞܋ဆࣉ֥ള༢[52]b܋ဆࣉ֥Чᇉ൞Бሧჷაఃሧჷ(ೂҍᆟaದ৯aൌ)ᆭࡗၛࣩࠣᆚࣜӈᇗܒြༀࡗ֥ܱ༢aଆࣩᆚაླྀቔ֥ҵљaܵ౦Бሧჷაࣩᆚ౦Бࠃᆭࡗཌྷܱྟ֥ܵbࣩᆚ౦৳༢֥ඔਈၛࠣؿགྷۚۗۆ֥৳༢,ᆃؓପུ༐ຬБླྀ൞ܵaቆᆮࣩᆚ౦Б֥၂۱ᇗေٚ૫,܄ඳླൌགྷླྀ֥ࣩᆚ౦Бቆᆮ൞ٳᇗေ֥[52]bі2ਙԛေᄝఃшࢸଽຓषؿႵི֥ླྀטࠏᇅၛࣩࠣᆚႪ൝ਔԮླྀቔაླྀ֥љbሇ߄ູቋն߄֥གྷൌ൬ၭbఃऎุหᆘೂ༯b(1)ሱႮྟbࣩᆚ౦БླྀൌགྷਔႮࣩᆚ౦Б֥ܵ܂ႋ౺ଆሇэູླ౺ଆൔ,ॖၛෛൈෛֹิ܂ڛༀ,ѩႨޅഡСb(2)ᇶྟbࣩᆚ౦БླྀᇶؿགྷބሔሶႨླေ,ࠒࠞิ܂෮ླ֥ࣩᆚ౦Бದჴࠇᆀᆩ്ࠣྐ༏,ෛުॹҐ౼ྛb(3)ඪૼྟbࣩᆚ౦БླྀିܔሇэႨ໙ี,Ⴈሱಖეࠇᆀൡކ֥ྙൔіղေҰ࿘֥໙ีbᄝࣩᆚ౦Бݖӱᇏ,ࣩᆚ౦Бದჴၛࣩᆚ౦Бླᆀࢳ֥ҕॉ໓ངٚൔࠇॖಪᆩ֥ྙൔؓ໙ีࣉྛࢳճ,ѩᆷ֝ྛb[1]MichelleCook,CurtisCook.ࣩᆚ౦Б[M].ߛᇍ,ूߛᄛᤪ,ᅦ,ၲ.Ӯ:༆ଲҍࣜն࿐ԛϱഠ,2003:241.(4)ߌૹೌྟbࣩᆚ౦Бླྀླေॉ੮Ⴈ֥ߌ,Їও෮ԩ֥Мࣟa൧ӆྛ౦ࠣთሑঃ֩ќ[2]PrescН[J].,ѩᄝथҦݖӱᇏॉ੮Ⴈ෮ԩߌ,ᄎႨࣩᆚ౦БეInternationalReviewofStrategicManagement,1995,6:,71-90.ሱൡႋཌྷႋ֥༢b[3]CraigSFleisher,(5)ᆜކྟbᄝࣉྛࣩᆚ౦Бླྀ֥ݖӱᇏ,ླေcompetitiveintelligence[M].Westport,CT:Quorumؓ҂֥ᆩ്ႚႵᆀaᇙ؟֥ၳᇉྐ༏ჷa۲ᇕඌBooks,.ഡീࣉྛᆜކ,ၛьॖၛؿߨᆜุིႨ[4]-i,ᆃؓႿࣩᆚ౦Бླྀଢѓ֥ඨ০ປӮᇀܱᇗေbgenceprofessionals[N].SCIPNewsRelease,2010August.[5]:Thecontinuedevolu-(6)ྟbุགྷਔࣩᆚ౦Бದჴaࣩᆚ౦Бඌaࣩᆚ౦Бߌaࣩᆚ౦Бඌഡീaࣩᆚ౦Бༀtionofcompetitiveintelligence[J].CompetitiveIntelligenceMagazine,2007,10(2):42-43.֩ေᄝᆜุᄎྛݖӱᇏླྀቔ֥ྟᇉbᆃུေ[6]ᆩࣃ.ࣩᆚ౦Б[M].Кࣘ:࿐॓ඌ໓ངԛϱഠ,2005:ᆭࡗ֥ླྀטaླྀቔྙӮঘིႋ,ࣩᆚ౦Бླྀט44-45.֥ൌീ,ՖطྙӮႪᇉ֥ࣩᆚ౦Бބڛༀིၭb[7]ޥݚת,ࡻϣ๚,ࣁݚ.ᆩ്ࣜ࠶༯ཛଢ֝ཟఒြቆቋᆮࢲܒଆൔ࣮[J].࿐॓࿐ა॓࿐ඌܵ,2008(11):153.,ުႮႿࣩᆚ౦БླྀᆻᄝӮູఒြቆᆮᇏܵࠃ֥ܱ,ၹՎᄝࣩᆚ౦Бླྀݖӱᇏླေ࿖၂Ϯ[8]GiladB,:Anewtoolྟླforcompetitiveadvantage[M].NewYork:Amacom,1988.,২ೂॖौྟaॖঔᅚྟaνಆaࠣൈ֩หׄbࣩᆚ౦БླྀЇওࣩᆚ౦Бದჴaᆩ്(ཁྟaႅ[9] gieetsurveillancedesenvironnementsconcurrentiels[M].Paris:Masson,1991.ྟᆩ്)aࠎԤഡീބྐ༏ੀӱ,ѩູႨิ܂ܱ౦[10]:Outwitting,outmaneuvering,Бބᆩ്,֤Ⴈॖၛࣉྛሙಒaࠣൈބ۷ૼᇆ֥outperforming[M].NewYork:Wiley,1999.थҦ,ၛьປӮఒြଢѓࠇༀ[52]b๙ݖܴҳa࣮a[11]:Uncoveryourcompetitor'sse-ٳ༅ބࢳcretslegallyandquicklyandprotectyourown[M].New,֤ԛ֥ܱႿࣩᆚؓ൭ބᄎႏߌ֥ࣩᆚ౦Бaᅞྐ༏ބᆩ്൞ᆜކ܄ඳದ৯ބੀӱၛࠣຩYork:HarperBusiness,1999.࠹ෘߌ֥Ӂ[12]VedderRG,[52]bࣩᆚ౦Бླྀݖӱсྶ૫ؓնਈ֥ඔऌটჷ,ࡼٓຶܼ֥ٗ໓Чaཞa൪ބఃforITresourceplanning:Somelessonslearned[J].In-؟ૂุ໓ࡱሇߐӮႵቆᆮ֥ྐ༏,ಖުࣉྛٳ༅ሸformationStrategy,1998,15(1):29-36.[13]:Strategy,toolsandކ,ѩၛ౦БӁ֥ྙൔิ܂bྐ༏๙ྐඌൌགྷਔtechniquesforcompetitiveadvantage[M].NewYork:౦Бྐ༏֥෬ႄaؿགྷބ෬֥ሱ߄,Ⴍఃᄝಆ౯53
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