``````ֻ27ज`ֻ10௹``୍5ᄅ25ರ``````৯`༢``ሱ``߄AutomationofElectricPowerSystem````s`,2003৯ਬ൲൧ӆ࣮(ؽ)৯ਬ൲൧ӆ֥ቆӮ赵 豫,于尔铿(ᇏݓ৯॓࿐࣮ჽ,Кࣘ൧100085)ᅋေ:在电力零售市场上存在着分工各不相同的成员。分析了电力生产商、电力经销商、电力经纪人、用户和配电公司在电力零售市场上的职能。以北京地区为例,研究了电力供应商和电力经纪人从事电力零售服务的盈利水平,讨论了电力零售市场与电力批发市场的异同。开放配电网和电力零售竞争给配电商和售电商带来了机遇和挑战,对整个配电系统将会产生深远影响。ܱՍ:零售竞争;电力供应商;经纪人;电力市场ᇏٳোݼ:TM73;`ႄႇݓᄝࣉྛ৯൧ӆڿ۪ၛ,ުః1999୍֥ࡎб1990୍༯ࢆਔ29%bष٢ຩ,౼ཨህႏ,ູ෮ႵႨิ܂ਬ൲ሇᄎڛༀ,ࡆखਔ৯ਬ൲൧ӆ֥ࣩᆚbᄝ1997୍j1998୍؇,ႇݓႵ40%֥նႨ࿊ᄴຓֹ৯܂ႋഅ܂b1999୍4ᄅ1`৯ਬ൲൧ӆഈ۲Ӯჴᆭࡗ֥ܱ༢,ႇݓ෮Ⴕ֥`Relationshipamongtheparticipants2600ຣႨॖၛሱႮ࿊ᄴሱ֥࠭൲intheretailelectricitymarketഅބ൲గഅbᇀ2000୍Ԛ,ӑݖ300ຣႨ۷ߐਔ৯܂ႋഅ,500ຣႨڿэਔ฿ಖగ܂ႋഅ[1]bᄝ`൲܄ඳປಆࣩᆚ൧ӆᄎྛԚ௹,ۚڂൈ၂ࡅᇶေ֥ႇݓ൲൲܄ඳ൞ູᇔ؊ਬ൲Ⴈิ܂৯ཧ൲ڛༀഅૄྒ௹ေԩ35000Ցሇߐ(ാಀགྷႵႨѩ֥܄ඳބࠏܒ,္ॖၛӫູ৯܂ႋഅࠇᆀିჷ֤֞ྍႨڛༀิ܂അ,Їও৯ളӁഅa৯ࣜཧഅބ৯ࣜ),َሇߐ൲അ֥Ⴈ୍ሇߐੱჿᄝ10%ၛഈbࡀದbᄝ৯ਬ൲൧ӆഈԛགྷэ߄ೂՎᆭॹ֥۷ߐਬa.৯ളӁഅ൲܂ႋഅ֥གྷའ൞Ⴎ৯ਬ൲ࣩᆚջট৯ളӁഅႚႵؿഡС,ڵᄳؿ,൞ି֥,္֥ა৯ਬ൲൧ӆഈ۲۱Ӯჴᆭࡗ֥ٳ۽ླྀቔႵܱbෛሢჰႚႵᆀb๙ӈૌϜછ۳৯ؿ൧ӆ,Ⴎ܂ࣩᆚ֥ࡆख,അބ൲അᄝ୭৯ิۚڛༀඣ܄ඳࠇᆀ৯ࣜཧഅՖ৯ؿ൧ӆഈܓઙ,ᄜႮૌϜሇછ۳ਬ൲ႨbႵུ৯ളӁഅ္ᆰ,ؓႨ֥܂ڛༀѓሙᇯ୍ิۚbࢤϜછ۳ն֥ਬ൲Ⴈb1`৯ਬ൲൧ӆ֥Ӯჴb.৯ࣜཧഅᄝԉડࣩᆚ֥৯ਬ൲൧ӆഈ,ॖିൈթᄝ৯ࣜཧഅՖ৯ؿ൧ӆഈઙ,Ⴕ֥৯ӮϤ۱৯܂ႋഅބӮతഈຣ۱৯Ⴈ,ᆃ൞၂ࣜཧഅЧദ္൞৯ളӁഅbᄝϜછ۳ਬ൲Ⴈ۱گᄖ֥ࢌၞຩ,৯܂ႋഅބᇔ؊ਬ൲Ⴈᆭభ,৯ࣜཧഅؓႚႵ෮Ⴕಃ,္ࣼ൞ඪ,ࠇᆀླေᄝਬ൲൧ӆഈ࿙ᅳؓٚ,దר۲ᇕ৯ࢌၞ֥Ⴎሱ࠭ႚႵ֥ࠏቆؿ,ࠇᆀၘࣜᄝ൧ӆഈܓઙ֞ླྀၰਔљ֥৯ളӁഅ෮ؿ֥bᄝՖ൙৯ਬ൲ြༀ,ડቀ۲ሱ֥ླေbᄝ৯ਬ൲൧ӆഈթᄝሢ҂֥൧ӆӮჴ,ૌ෮ϲဆ֥࢘൞۲҂ཌྷ֥bࡥഈ,৯ࣜཧഅ֥ඔਈᄝ൧ӆഈ൞ቋ؟֥bֆֹඪᄝᴗ൲৯൧ӆഈ,ႮႿᴗ൲֥ઙࡅބછࡅ,ᆃུӮჴЇওછ֥Ӯჴaઙ֥Ӯჴބิ܂৯ࢤೆڛༀ֥Ӯჴ,ೂ1෮ൕbၘࣜޓӉઙછ৯,ૌ҂ླေᇹ৯ࣜཧഅ,৯ࣜཧഅޓᄝᴗ൲൧ӆഈࠆ০bಖط,ᄝ৯ਬ൲൧ӆഈ,ᇙ؟֥ࠏܒބֆ໊ીႵઙછ৯֥ࣜဒ,收稿日期:2003-02-26;修回日期:2003-03-25。сྶᇹႿ৯ࣜཧഅ,ၹط৯ࣜཧഅնਈႤགྷ,
36````````````````৯`༢``ሱ``߄````````````2003,27(10)႒ކਔࢌၞܿଆ۷ն֥৯ਬ൲൧ӆ֥ླေbս܄ඳېېӮ৫҂ࣲ,ૌ֥۽ቔದჴն؟൞ቔ৯ࣜཧഅᇶေႵ2ᇕ႔০ଆൔ:¹ႚႵሱູ࠭ః۽ြӁ֥ࣜࡀದ,ಌഒઙࣜဒ,മᇀЧദ֥ؿࠏቆѩϜሱ࠭ࠏቆ෮ؿછԛಀ;ºϜ҂ીႵି৯ᄝ؟۱ઙࡅބછࡅᆭࡗࣉྛླྀטbႨླ֥৯ڛༀބࣁವڛༀϾᄝ၂ఏิ܂۳ᇔ؊ਬ൲ေࣈര࿊ᄴսഅ,ಒЌሱ֥࠭ླିܔ֤֞ડቀbႨ,৯ࣜཧഅ๙ݖิ܂ᆃᇕϾڛༀቔູ৯ਸ਼ຓ,ೂݔႨ༐ຬሱ֥࠭ࡎაਸ਼ຓ၂ᇕഅ֥܂ႋڛༀ֥ڸࡆڛༀbࡎ۬ܫ܌,ࠇᆀ༐ຬႨࣁವڛༀܿхࡎ۬ڄག,ପՖࠒ֥ࠞٚ૫,ु৯ࣜཧഅିܔิ܂ऎႵ་હ,ᆃུڛༀ๙ӈᆺି࿙ᄝ৯ڛༀᆭຓ֤֞ડႄ৯֥Ͼڛༀ,ԷᄯਔڛༀႨ֥ྍٚمb২ೂ,ቀb၂۱࡙ႏ฿ಖగ֥৯ࣜཧഅॖၛϜૌิ܂֥`܄ඳ৯֥ࡎ۬ބ෮ିิ܂֥฿ಖగ֥ࡎ۬ܫ܌,֤ਆ܄ඳڵᄳົຩ֥νಆᄎ,ྛູЧᆀᆭࡗॖၛཌྷส০b৯ࣜཧഅߎॖၛᆌؓ҂ֹႨ࿃ิ܂ൻڛༀѩࡼିᆰࢤෂᇀႨႨ֥܂ڛༀѓሙ۳Ⴈิ܂҂֥ٮӊڱٚ,ູຓֹႨิ܂ຩਬ൲ሇᄎڛༀb܄ඳ҂ൔb৯ࣜཧഅ֥Ӯۿࡼ౼थႿૌູਬ൲ႨิᄜႚႵሱ֥࠭ህඋ,ຩсྶཟ෮ႵႨ܂ᆃུ۪ྍྟቓم֥ି৯bष٢bष٢ຩൌགྷਬ൲ࣩᆚ,ေԮ֥܂Ֆཨ֥ࠞٚ૫,ु৯ࣜཧഅ൭ᇏႵགྷӮ֥Ӂ܄ඳࡼބ൲ြༀٳ,܄ඳᆺڵᄳေછ,ᆺႵϜછ۳ႨҌିࠆ০,෮ၛ,ᄝᇙ؟ຩ֥ᄎྛaྩބࢤೆڛༀ֩ཛြༀ,൲܄ඳڵཌྷࣩᆚ֥৯܂ႋഅ֒ᇏ,ૌສສ҂൞ቋࡄ֥ᄳཟႨછbਬ൲ࣩᆚ֥ൌགྷߎ՜ჰটႮ৯ॖ࿊ؓའbܓઙਔ৯ࣜཧഅϾڛༀ֥Ⴈ෮ཚ܄ඳڵᄳ֥ؓႨିਈ֥࠹ਈa൬౼ٮࠣൻ൳֥֞৯ڛༀॖିѩ҂൞൧ӆഈ֥ቋႪ߲ࡎ۬bٮ֩ཛြༀࢌ۳ປಆ৫֥࠹ਈ܄ඳܵ,Ⴎᆃc.৯ࣜࡀದུ࠹ਈ܄ඳཟႨิ܂؟ᇕି࠹ਈڛༀbᄝ৯৯ࣜࡀದ္Фӫູ৯սഅࠇିჷܤ໙,ਬ൲൧ӆഈ,ބ൲ြༀՖࢲܒഈࣉྛٳ൞൧ӆഈਸ਼၂োॖၛ৫ิ܂Ͼބ৳ކڛༀ֥֤܄ඳၛުᄝ৯ࢌၞݖӱᇏࡼϲဆ৫ބᇏ৯܂ႋഅb৯ࣜཧഅॖФ൪ູսі֥છࡅ,ط৫֥࢘b৯ࣜࡀದᄵॖቔູ֥ઙࡅ,սіႨᄝ൧ӆഈܓ`ਬ൲Ⴈઙቋ֮ࡎ֥۬bቔູି֥ቋᇔཨٮᆀ,ंa۽ြބഅြႨՖࠒࠞٚ૫,ु৯ࣜࡀದିܔ٤ӈग़ֹܴཟनॖሱႮ࿊ᄴ৯܂ႋഅbਬ൲Ⴈॖ࿊ᄴႮ৯Ⴈิ܂ڛༀ,ᆃაః৯܂ႋഅ҂b৯ࣜࡀളӁഅa৯ࣜཧഅࠇᆀ৯ࣜࡀದิ܂֥৯܂ದሱ࠭҂ႚႵ֥෮Ⴕಃ,ૌՂե൞ᄝ֥ઙࡅႋڛༀ,္ॖ࿊ᄴቔູֆ၂Ⴈࠇቔູࢲކڵހ֥ބછࡅᆭࡗቔֻູٚլކࢌၞ,෮ၛ,ૌીႵၬ၂҆ٳ۴ऌ܄܋ٮੱࠇൌൈ൧ӆٮੱܓ,ߎॖၛༀсྶՖଖ၂หק৯܂ႋഅܓ,ૌຸ֥၂ྖՖᇙ؟֥৯܂ႋഅᇏ࿊ᄴοචшކࠇҵࡎކ౿൞ູႨᄝ൧ӆഈᅳ֞ࡎ۬ቋ֥֮৯܂ႋഅ,ܓbၛՎট་ႄ෮ڛༀ֥Ⴈb৯ࣜཧഅՖૌઙછؓႨটඪ,ᇗေ֥൞֤Ϝሱ֥࠭ڵހބљ৯֥ҵࡎᇏࠆ০,ૌၹ෮ิ܂֥Ͼڛༀطಞದ֥ڵހࢲކᄝ၂ఏܓࡼ۳ૌջটݺԩbई၂০ཧ൲֥ږ؇сྶᄝః႔০ҵࡎٓຶᆭଽbط৯۱ࡥֆ২ሰ[2]b၂۱ऎႵޓۚڵހੱ֥۽ြႨሱࣜࡀದᄵ൞۴ऌઙછචٚղӮ֥ࢌၞՖઙٚބ(ࠇ)࠭Ֆ৯ؿ൧ӆઙ,ࡎૅٳ/(kWch);છٚ൬౼ڛༀٮ,ః၂్ӮЧႮႨӵքbᆃᇕ൬၂ಕऎႵनڵހੱႨਈޓն֥അြႨሱ࠭ٮ๙ӈࠎႿ၂۱ܥק֥б২,бೂ۴ऌૄkWch,Ֆ৯ؿ൧ӆઙ,ࡎૅٳ/(kWch)bೂࠇᆀ۴ऌૄཬൈaૄᄅ൬౼bݔϜᆃਆ۱ڵހࢲކఏট,ఃࢲކڵހੱࡼб۽ြਸ਼၂ٚ૫,৯ࣜࡀದॖၛູႨЌؓઙႨ֥ڵހੱ֮,طбഅြႨ֥ڵހੱۚbᆃ۱ࢲ֥ሱᇶ॥ᇅಃbႨॖି༐ຬሱ࠭ಀაหק֥৯ކު֥ڵހࢲކุ֞৯ؿ൧ӆഈઙ,ࡎॖ܂ႋഅซ,২ೂ,੨ӌॖି༐ຬϜࡎބ੨֥൧ӆି߶൞7ૅٳ/(kWch)b৳ކܓၛ,ުሹܓӮࡎ۬৳༢ఏটა৯܂ႋഅซ,ՖطϜః੨ӁЧ༯ࢆb۽ြႨ֥ܓӮЧႵ෮ഈശ,അြႨ֥ໃট֥൧ӆࡎ۬ڄགሇ၍۳৯܂ႋഅbն؟ඔܓӮЧ༯ࢆޓ؟,ఃٮࢫჅ֥҆ٳԢਔҀӊ۳৯ࣜཧഅ҂ି۳Ⴈิ܂ᆃᇕซ֥ਲࠃྟb۽ြႨຓ,ߎॖၛᄝਆ۱Ⴈᆭࡗٳbᆃဢ,ਆՖཨࠞٚ૫,ु৯ࣜࡀದӈӈಌഒᄝگᄖ۱ႨनՖᆃᇕڵހ֥ࢲކܓᇏࠆ০bଢభ,ପུ৯൧ӆߌᇏսіႨઙ֥ህࡅbႵྸ؟ᆃဢ֥ބႨၘࣜЌӻᅬֆܱ༢֥܄ඳ,бೂྐႨव܄ඳa
c৯൧ӆህণc`ᅵ`შ֩`৯ਬ൲൧ӆ࣮:(ؽ)৯ਬ൲൧ӆ֥ቆӮ37Б߅܄ඳaЌག܄ඳ֩ؓႿսі֥ग़ૌܓ܂৯ਬ൲ڛༀ֥႓০ඣ,ೂݔᄜࡆഈູ۽ြބ֥ࠒࠞྟޓն,ᆃུնሷႨุࠢཟ৯ڛༀഅഅြႨิ܂ڛༀ,ᄵิ܂৯ਬ൲ڛༀ֥০حܓࡼ߶֤֞۷؟֥Ⴊ߲bఃႚႵնਈႨ֥ቆࡼ߶۷ն,сࡼ་ႄᇙ؟܄ඳބ۱ದࠒࠞദ৯ᆮބࠏܒ္ؓཟఃႨิ܂ᄹࡆ֥ିჷڛༀۋྖਬ൲ڛༀྛြb৯ਬ൲ࣩᆚ֥ࡆख߶՜ഈຩ౿,ૌॖၛՖิ܂ࣩᆚྟ֥ିჷࢌၞᇏࠆၭbࡎ֥༯ࢆ,ൈ,ࣩᆚ߶՜৯ਬ൲֥০ॢࡗ༯๙ݖၛഈٳ༅ॖၛुԛ,ᄝཟႨิ܂৯܂ࢆ,ॖၛყ,ෛሢ৯ਬ൲൧ӆ֥ಒ৫,ࡎࢆ֮ႋڛༀᆭభ,ӵքછ֥࢘৯ളӁഅa৯ࣜཧ֥൝߶ᄀটᄀૼཁbഅބ৯ࣜࡀದᆀᆭࡗ֥љᄝႿ:৯ളӁഅႚႵؿഡС,ႚႵ֥෮Ⴕಃ;৯ࣜཧഅॖି҂і1`КຩКֹࣘࡎіTable1`ElectricpowerratesofBeijingareainႚႵؿഡС,൞ႚႵ֥෮Ⴕಃ;৯ࣜࡀದ҂North-ChinaelectricpowergridႚႵؿഡС,҂ႚႵ֥෮Ⴕಃ,൞ႚႵ൧ӆഈຩᴗ൲ࡎ/ຩཧ൲ࡎ/֥ࡎྐ༏ބ܂ྐ༏bෛሢࣩᆚ֥ࡆख,൲܄ඳႨোљ``(ჭc(kWch-1))(ჭc(kWch-1))ࡼՖޘཟބሺཟਆٚ૫ࣉྛ৳ކbޘཟ৳ކ൞ᆷ൲1kVj35kVࠣ1kV1kVj35kVj10kVၛഈၛ༯10kV110kV܄ඳࡼࣉೆ܂ඣa܂୰ބ฿ಖగ܂ႋ֩ਵთ,๙ݖंളࠃႨཟਬ൲Ⴈิ܂؟ᇕڛༀটࢆ֮ܵӮЧ[1]bሺཟ٤ंᅶૼႨ৳ކ൞ᆷ൲܄ඳࡼބؿ܄ඳ৳ކ,๙ݖᆃᇕ৳അြႨކղ֞ච߲ٚ০b৯ࣜࡀದቔູᇏࢺࠏܒ٤۽ြa௴๙۽ြႨ,๙୪ြളӁႨݖิ܂ᇏࢺڛༀ,ࠃᄁᄝຣత֥ཨٮᆀദшbཅ୪ြஆܹႨ৯܂ႋഅ҂ླေֹ۬ཋקᄝၛഈ3োb࿊ᄴ৯܂ႋഅႋھࠎႿ༯ਙ่ࡱ[3]:¹܂ॖौ;ྟºࡎ;»ൻ֥ਫ਼ࣥ;¼ؓႨิ܂֥ڛༀ3`৯ਬ൲൧ӆބ৯ؿ൧ӆ֥ၳ;½ઙછචٚᆭࡗ֥ൎძჷb৯۽ြڿ۪֥ଢѓ൞ᄝo܄षa܄ᆞa܄p֥ჰᄵ༯ԉٳؿߨࣩᆚ֥ቔႨ,Ֆطิۚ৯۽ြ֥2`৯ਬ൲൧ӆ႔০ٳ༅ᆜุིੱ,ࢆ֮ࡎb1999,୍ႇݓؿaൻaބ൲ߌࢫ֥ࡎູਔᄝؿҧԉٳᅚषࣩᆚ,౼ཨਔؓሧؿ۬ᅝᇔ؊ཧ൲ࡎ֥б২ٳљ൞%ӌ֥ᇕᇕཋᇅ,۲ᇕሧࠏܒބ۱ದॖၛሱႮࣉ,%,%,%bݓࡎุ༢ഉૼಒ֥ൻࡎೆؿਵთࣉྛሧ,ѩॖၛቔູ৫৯ളӁ۬ᆟҦބҩෘѓሙ,ؿࡎ۬ބൻࡎ۬ᅝᇔ؊അ,ࣜႏӌ,ࠆ౼০bᄝࣩࡎഈຩٚ૫,෮Ⴕؿཧ൲ࡎ֥б২ٳљູ70%ބ30%ቐႷb2000୍ӌֹ֩ࣉೆ৯ࢌၞ൧ӆ,ᄝ၂สࣩࡎܿᄵ༯Кຩनഈຩࡎჭ/(kWch),௹ं܄ࣩࡎ,ؿഅϜછ۳၂۱ࠏܒbԢਔॖၛބളࠃႨཧ൲ࡎჭ/(kWch),ᅝᇔ؊ཧնႨదרචшކຓ,ؿഅྶ૫ؓ۷؟֥ᆰ൲ࡎ֥73%,Ⴕࢠն֥༯ࢆॢࡗbၛКֹູࣘࢤཨٮᆀ,ૌᆺླေܱྏሱ֥࠭ࣜႏܵ,ิۚള২(і1),οᴗ൲ࡎჭ/(kWch)߃ٳਬӁི,ੱࢆ֮ളӁӮЧ,ၛࠆ֤۷ն֥ࣩᆚႪ൝,Ֆ൲ሇᄎӮЧ,ࡌקؿӮЧູჭ/(kWch),طࠆ౼۷ն֥০bᄝࢌၞ൧ӆᇏ,ૌ૫֥ؓ൞Ⴕൻຩݖຩٮູჭ/(kWch),ຩݖຩٮཋ֥ࣩᆚؓ൭,ᆃུࣩᆚؓ൭֥ࠎЧളӁ౦ঃ൞ॖູჭ/(kWch),৯܂ႋഅಯಖཚႵ০ॢၛՙܙ࠹ԛট֥,ؿഅॖၛ۴ऌࣩᆚؓ൭֥ളࡗູჭ/(kWch)bၛݓದनݻਈӁ౦ঃࣉྛҦྟБࡎ,ࠆ֤ӑح০bႮႿؿ൧1250(kWch)/୍aनૄ3ದ࠹ෘ,ૄ۱ࡅ๖Ⴈӆᇏ֥൧ӆӮჴඔਈཌྷؓࢠഒ,ऎႵࢠն൧ӆٺح୍ݻਈ3750(kWch)/୍,৯܂ႋഅູૄ۱֥ؿഅӈӈॖၛ॥ᇅቋᇔ֥ഈຩࡎ,ഒඔࠫ۱ࡅ๖Ⴈิ܂ڛༀॖၛࠆ౼০ჭ/୍bКࣘؿഅമᇀॖିπᇏ܍ࢲ,ޜБࡎ,֤Ӯࢌ֥ഈֹंႨնჿႵ300ຣ,ູ෮Ⴕࡅ๖Ⴈิຩࡎᄀটᄀۚb܂৯܂ႋڛༀ֥০ॢࡗնჿᄝ10ၡჭቐႷ,ൻ৯ؿ൧ӆ֥ൌགྷေࡹ৫ᄝ৯൧ӆඌᆦ܄ඳ֥ݖຩٮնჿၡჭ,ຩݖຩٮնჿӻ༢֥ປഈb৯൧ӆඌᆦӻ༢[4]๙ӈЇၡჭbࡌק৯ࣜࡀದ֥սٮູ%,ᄵᆜওБࡎ༢aࣩࡎ༢aྐ༏ؿ҃༢aކܵ༢۱Кֹࣘ৯ਬ൲൧ӆ֥սٮჿ2750ຣჭbaࢲෘ༢,ॖၛ๙ݖؓԮ֥EMS֥ശࠩڿᄯᆃᇕնᇁ֥ܙෘࣇࣇॉ੮ਔູंࡅ๖ളࠃႨิটൌགྷbॖၛुԛ,گᄖ֥৯൧ӆඌᆦӻ༢ν
38````````````````৯`༢``ሱ``߄````````````2003,27(10)ልᄝຩ֥॥ᇅᇏྏ,ࠢᇏܵ৯ؿ൧ӆ֥ᄎؓሱ࠭ቋႵ০֥ڛༀഅ,ߎॖၛ࿙৯ࣜࡀದ֥ྛbؿഅູਔࠆ֤ቋն০,сಖေҐႨ༵ࣉ֥ؿϺᇹ,๙ݖᆃུ৯ᇏࢺ܄ඳটνஆؓሱ࠭ቋູႵӌࣩࡎڣᇹᆦӻ༢টᆷ֝ഈຩБࡎbൈ,ູਔ০֥৯ڛༀbࢆ֮ӮЧ,ؿഅсಖࡆնؓႿ܄ඳଽ҆ఒြሧჷ࠹߃(ERP)༢֥ࡹഡ҄ق,ᄝҐܓaિݻ॥ᇅaದ4`ࢲეჴܵ֩ٚ૫ࡆ఼ܵ,Ֆطࢆ֮۲۱ളӁߌࢫ֥ष٢ຩ,षᅚ৯ਬ൲ࣩᆚ۳܄ඳބളӁӮЧ,ၛьᄝࣩࡎഈຩᇏ౼֤Ⴊ൝b൲܄ඳջটਔ్ൌ֥ࣩᆚ৯,ൈ္ջটਔྍᄝ৯ਬ൲൧ӆषᅚࣩᆚ֥൮ေ໙ี൞сྶյ֥႓০ࠏ߶ބࣼြࠏ߶bᄝ৯ਬ൲൧ӆഈ,൲܄܄ඳؓ۲ሱህඋ֥؎,ष٢ຩ,ඳބ܄ඳ֥ᆯିࢠၛభؿളਔޓն֥э߄,Ⴈิ܂৯ਬ൲ሇᄎြༀb৯ࣜཧഅބ৯ࣜࡀದ္ऎႵሱႮ֥Ⴈ࿊ᄴಃ,ਬ൲ࣩᆚ֥ࡆख߶՜֥ԛགྷ,֤৯ਬ൲൧ӆഈ֥൲ࣩᆚ۷ູࠗਛbࡎᇯࡶ༯ࢆb૫ཟతࡅຣ֥৯ਬ൲ࣩᆚ,҂ᄝ৯ਬ൲൧ӆᇏ,ॖିթᄝӮϤ۱৯܂ႋഅބࣇࡼ৯܄ඳᆯି֥ሇэ,ط߶ᆜ۱ഈຣ۱ࡅ๖Ⴈ,൧ӆӮჴб৯ؿ൧ӆ֥൧ӆ༢֥૫ષᄝࠗਛ֥ࣩᆚᇏӁളऍն֥э߄bӮჴ؟֤؟bၹՎ,৯܂ႋഅ҂ࣇေб෮ิ܂֥Ӂ֥ࡎ,۬۷ေб৯܂ႋ֥ڛༀ;҂ࣇေҐ౼ҕॉ໓ང1`ݓࡅࣜસ৯ඳ(ծീЌᇾჰট֥ކႨ,۷ေམϷمಀषຉྍ֥DepartmentofElectricPowerofStateEconomicandTradeCommission).ႇݓ৯۽ြڿ۪ކႨbႮֆ۱৯܂ႋഅ؎৯܂ႋࠇᆀഒ(ReformationofBritishElectricityMarket).Кࣘ:ᇏݓ৯ԛϱඔࠫ۱ਬ൲അҠሺਬ൲ࡎ൞҂ॖି֥bਬ൲ࡎഠ(Beijing:ChinaElectricPowerPress),2001ࡼෛሢᇙ؟৯܂ႋഅᆭࡗ֥ປಆࣩᆚᄀটᄀ2`.,֮ቋᇔᇯࡶ໗קᄝ၂۱ࢠ֥֮ඣbLilbum(GA):FairmontPressInc,20003`:AGuideforEnd-users.৯ਬ൲൧ӆ֥ൌགྷѩ҂ླေࠢᇏൔ֥ඌᆦTulsa(Oklahoma):PennwellPublishingCompany,1998ӻ༢ቔູЌᅰbູਔൌགྷؓႨ֥৯܂ႋ,ቔູ4`Ⴟغ,ᇛࣘဝ,ᅦ࿐(YuErkeng,ZhouJingyang,Zhang৯܂ႋഅXuesong).৯൧ӆඌᆦӻ༢֥ྍॿࡏ(TheNew,сྶႚႵሱ֥࠭၂สܵೈࡱ,ھೈࡱсྶЇݣႨܵ༢aྐ༏ؿ҃༢a࠹ਈ༢aFrameworkofPowerMarketTechnicalSupportSystem).৯༢ކܵ༢aࢲෘ༢bॖၛुԛ,ၹູ҂ടࠣሱ߄(AutomationofElectricPowerSystems),2001,25(9):9j12৯༢֥ܵބνಆᄎྛ໙,ีᆃสೈࡱ༢֥گᄖྟնູࢆ֮bྸ؟৯܂ႋഅമᇀބՖ൙࠹ਈڛ赵 豫(1971—),男,博士研究生,从事电力市场和分散ༀ֥܄ඳކቔ,Ϝگᄖ֥ٮሱ࠹ਈ۽ቔࢌႮ࠹式发电方面的研究。E-mail:zhaoy@ਈ܄ඳ,ࣉ၂҄ࢆ֮ਔሱദሱ߄༢֥گᄖӱ؇b于尔铿(1938—),男,教授,长期从事能量管理系统和电ૄ۱ᇔ؊ਬ൲Ⴈॖၛ๙ݖ۲ᇕ܄ष֥ૂุࠆᆩ൧力市场研究。E-mail:erkyu@ӆഈ৯܂ႋഅ֥ڛༀཛଢބࡎ۬,ՖᇏሱႮ࿊ᄴSTUDYONRETAILELECTRICITYMARKETPartTwo`ParticipantsoftheRetailElectricityMarketZhaoYu,YuErkeng(ElectricPowerResearchInstituteofChina,Beijing100085,China)Abstract:,includingelectricpowerproducer,electricenergymarketer,electricenergyconsultant,end-useranddistributedcompany,thenbrieflystudiestheelectricenergyproviderandelectricpoweragent',:retailcompetition;electricenergyprovider;broker;electricitymarket
