ֻ25जֻ4௹ ֹ ॓ ࿐ 2005୍08ᄅ SCIETIAGEOGRAPHICASINICA Aug.,2005ᇝ࠱ڄაᇏݓۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌᆭܱ༢杨建平,丁永建,陈仁升,刘俊峰(ᇏݓ॓࿐ჽݥݬߌა۽ӱ࣮෮,ۅধᇜ730000)ᅋေ:ࠎႿᇏݓ553۱గའᅟׄ1958~2000୍ರࢆඣਈሧਘaКٚ295۱గའᅟׄ௹(20(cm)ᆕؿሧਘ,ࢸקԛ϶ۄݬބ୪ତࢌհ۲ሱ֥ٓຶb০Ⴈת༱࠱ڄ఼؇ᆷඔ(1951~1995୍)აႆ؇༱࠱ࢆඣਈ(1951~1998୍)ሧਘ,ٳ༅ਔ϶ۄݬބ୪ତࢌհתଲ-༆Кࢸ10୍࠽ॢࡗэ߄აᇝ༱࠱ڄ֥ܱ༢b࣍50୍ᇏݓۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌ֥э߄൞႕ཙᇏݓ֥࠱ڄߌੀ఼ቔႨᄝॢࡗഈ֥ൌіགྷ,࠱ڄߌੀ఼֥э߄॥ᇅሢగީࢸཌॢࡗϥ֥ٓຶაٚཟ,ః୍ս࠽э߄൞ᇏݓۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌӯགྷԛ୍ս࠽э߄หᆘ֥۴ჷbٳ༅ཁൕ,ᄝགྷս౦ঃ༯,୪ତగީࢸཌ໊ᇂ֥ॢࡗϥᇶေّ႘ದোളӁࠃ఼؇఼֥ҵၳ,ದູၹఏᇶ֝ቔႨbܱ Ս:ת༱࠱ڄ;ႆ؇༱࠱ڄ;ۄുగީࢸཌ;୪ତగީࢸཌᇏٳোݼ:+1 ໓ངѓ്:A ໓ᅣщݼ:1000-0690(2005)04-0441-07 ᇝ൞ൗࢸഈቋᇷ֥࠱ڄ,ᇶေႮཌྷՎؓగީэ߄Ⴕሢٳૹۋّ֥ႋ,൞ᇏݓగީэ৳༢Ⴛཌྷ৫֥ႆ؇࠱ڄބת࠱ڄቆӮ[1]b߄ቋૹۋ֥თᆭ၂bᇝ࠱ڄቋᄪᄝଲݚֹЕؿ,ಖުེջလބაగީཌྷൡႋ,ᇏݓႮתଲཟ༆К,ֹ০Ⴈႆ؇လԉ֥ඣచٳљཟ༆КބКٚঔᅚ[2]b໊ٚൔႮ୪ြູᇶཟ྾ତြູᇶݖ؈,ᄝ୪ြაତႿתֹ֥ᇏݓ҂ࣇ൳֞ႆ؇༆ଲ࠱ڄ֥႕ཙ,ြᆭࡗྙӮת؍ॺa༆؍ᅎ֥ջሑٳ֥҃୪ତࢌط۷ᇶေ൳֞ת࠱ڄބᇏໂ؇ಠ༢֥႕հջbھࢌհջሱתКཟ༆ଲሺܺᇏݓᇏ҆,ቅ֓ཙbᇏݓֹთܼখ,ת-༆aଲ-Кగީҵၳࢠն,༆aК҆೬֥ଲ,൞ᇏݓתᇏ֥҆ᇗေളሹุഈႮתଲཟ༆К,గީႮുཟۄݬݖ؈,ӯᅰbᄝᆃ۱ݖ؈ջଽ,ш࠽ྟᇕᆱြބҤֹ྾ତြགྷתaଲു,༆aКۄݬ֥ࠎЧ۬अbᄝുაۄᄝॢࡗഈࢌհٳ҃,ൈࡗഈཌྷᇗן,၂ᇕളӁࣜݬగީᆭࡗթᄝሢ၂۱༮ᅎ֥aջሑٳ֥҃గީႏٚൔᇯ҄Фਸ਼၂ᇕളӁࣜႏٚൔ౼ս[3]bݖ؈ݖ؈,ఃᇏ,ݖ؈აۄݬగީཌྷਣ֥ٳࢸཌջაת҆୪ބ༆К҆ତᆭࡗ္թᄝሢਆ่ٳӫູۄݬ-϶ۄݬٳࢸཌ,აുగީཌྷਣ֥ٳࢸཌ,ᆃਆ่ٳࢸཌӫᆭູ୪ତగީࢸཌbࢸཌӫູ϶ۄݬ-ുٳࢸཌ,Վਆ۱గީࢸཌӫ୪ତࢌհջሱྙӮၛট,ఃॢࡗ໊ᇂؿളݖᆭູۄുగީࢸཌ,ఃࡗ֥ݖ؈ӫູ϶ۄݬగީଲaК၍,୪ତగީࢸཌၧෛᆭэb୪ତగީݖ؈ջ,նᇁӯ༆ଲ-תКሼཟbࢸཌ֥ᆃᇕэ߄൞ᄝэੱ٤ӈն֥࠱ڄగީ[4]ۄۄുగީࢸཌ൞ת࠱ڄaႆ؇༆ଲ࠱ڄaᇏു(ࢆඣ)ѯࠎԤഈ,ᄝᆟᇍࣜ࠶০ၭ֥౺༯,ໂ؇༆ڄߌੀдཨӉaдࣉ܋ቔႨ֥ࢲದোֹ০Ⴈٚൔཙႋగީэ߄֥ࢲݔbᄝ࣍གྷݔb๙ӈ౦ঃ༯,႕ཙᇏݓ֥۲ᇕ࠱ڄࠣնగቔႨս୪ତగީࢸཌ၂؇ཟКࣉ[5],୪ତݖ؈ջ൞ᄝᆃ၂თೂ఼ᝯᆭଌ,႕ཙ֥ٓຶ౼थႿ࠱ڄ֥ದোაగީߌཌྷቔႨቋࠗਛֹ֥,္൞ቋି఼bၹՎ,ۄുగީࢸཌෛ۲ᇕగީቔႨ఼ุ֥གྷగީэ߄֥ૹۋֹbᄝ၂קٓຶଽѯэ߄bႮႿఃэ߄๙ӈّ႘ਔ ۄുగީࢸཌა୪ତగީࢸཌٳљ൞ᇏݓగଖᇕగީቔႨ֥ࡆ఼ࠇਸ਼၂ᇕగީቔႨ֥ࡨ,ၹީაֹ০Ⴈٚ૫֥ਆ่ᇗေٳࢸཌ,ؽᆀ֥ॢࡗ൬۠ರ௹:2004-07-16;ྩרರ௹:2004-12-12ࠎࣁཛଢ:ݓࡅሱಖ॓࿐ࠎࣁሧᇹཛଢ(40301010,40371026ބ40401012)bቔᆀࡥࢺ:ဗࡹ(1973-),୯,༆ٚದ,Ѱൖ࣮ള,ᇶေՖ൙ݥaݬඣ໓აߌၛࠣగީэ߄֥࣮۽ቔbE-mai:ljianping@
4 42 ֹ ॓ ࿐ 25जٳ҃ބэ߄नაᇏݓ۲ᇕ࠱ڄ఼֥ቔႨႵૡ్ۄݬٳࢸཌ,D=ູ϶ۄݬുٳࢸཌbܱ༢bᄝགྷսగީࠗਛэ߄Мࣟ༯,Ֆޡܴഈฐษ2ཁൕਔᇏݓ1958~2000୍ۄുగީٳᆀᆭࡗ֥ཌྷܱ༢,҂ંᄝ࿐ඌഈaߎ൞ളӁൌ,҃ഈۄᄲ؇ᆷඔ,֩ᆴཌ൞43୍টഈनऎႵ၂ק֥॓࿐ၩၬb֥न໊ᇂ,္൞ᇏݓۄുగީ֥ਆ่ᇗေٳࢸཌ,֩ᆴཌၛଲ൞ു,~ᆭࡗ൞1 ሧ ਘ϶ۄݬ,֩ᆴཌၛ༆൞ۄݬb2ॖ,໓ᇏႨਔᇏݓ553۱ᅟ֥ׄರࢆඣਈሧਘ,϶ۄݬႮתКཟ༆ଲሺܺᇏݓᇏ,҆൞תଲുھሧਘ൞Ֆݓࡅగའअิ܂֥ᇏݓ726۱గའᅟཟ༆Кۄݬэ߄֥ݖ؈b֥ׄൌҩࢆඣਈሧਘᇏ࿊ԛ֥b୍ሹᆕؿਈჷႿ۲സగའअᆜщ֥520(cm)ᆕؿሧਘ,໓ᇏࣇ࿊ႨਔК֥ٚ295۱ᅟׄሧਘ,ᆃུሧਘਙӉ؇ູ1958~2000୍(1)b໓ᇏႨ֥ሧਘߎЇও:1951~1995୍ת༱࠱ڄ఼؇ᆷඔሧਘ[6];1951~1998୍ಆႆ؇༱࠱(6~9ᄅ)ࢆඣਈሧਘ[7]b2 1958~2000୍ᇏݓۄുగީٳ҃ AridandhumidclimatedistributioninChinafrom1958to2000 ᇏݓ୪ତࢌհջთٓຶ(ၧࠧ༆Кaתଲࢸ)֥ކಒק൞࣮୪ତగީࢸཌॢࡗэ߄֥1భิ,ಖط,֞ଢభູᆸ,ؓᆃ၂ᇗေ໙ีಯ၂ 553۱గའᅟׄٳ҃ Distributionin553meteorologicalstationsinChinaಪ്bЧ໓ؓଢభթᄝ֥ඔᇕႵܱ୪ତࢌհջٓຶ֥ಪ്ቔਔ༥ᇁ֥ؓб,ުಪູᅵݗਟ֩[3]֥ቋྍ࣮ࢲݔбࢠކaࢠ్ކൌ࠽,ൌགྷఏ2 ۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ಒקটࢠಸၞbູՎ,Ч໓ҐႨఃؓ୪ତࢌհջ֥ࢸקۄുగީ֥߃ٳѓሙնᇁٳູਆো:၂ো൞ࢲݔ,০Ⴈ֩ᆴཌمቔԛਔᇏݓ୪ତࢌհջ֥ٳ୍҃aᄅࢆඣਈ֥࠹ᆷѓ,ਸ਼၂োᄵ൞Ⴈࢆඣਈބ(3)b୪ତࢌհջ໊Ⴟ୍ࢆඣਈ300~450ॖିᆕؿਈᆭбࠇҵটіൕ[8]bၛ୍ࢆඣਈູగmmaࢆඣ୍эੱ15%~30%aۄᄲ؇~ٓީۄുᆷѓ,ିࢣࢆඣਈэ߄֥ၳӈܿੰ,طۄຶଽ,ఃת؍ॺ,༆؍ᅎ,ӯջሑٳ҃Ⴟᇏݓᇏ҆,ᄲ؇ᆷඔ൞Ֆնగඣٳޙ࢘؇ԛؿ,ᆇൌّ֥ႋ൞ᇏݓളߌ֥၂่ݖ؈ջބളνಆ֥ᇗေൌ࠽గީ֥ۄുሑঃ,ؓ୪ြऎႵ۷ն֥གྷൌၩᅰջb୍ࢆඣਈ300ބ450mm֩ᆴཌ(43୍֥ၬbЧ໓࿊Ⴈۄᄲ؇ᆷඔ߃ٳۄുగ,ީۄᄲ؇ᆷन໊ᇂ)ٳљູھݖ؈ջ֥༆Кࢸބתଲࢸ,ࠧඔ൞୍ࢆඣਈა୍ሹᆕؿਈᆭб,ࠧ୪ତగީࢸཌbD=P/PET,ൔᇏ,Dູۄᄲ؇,P୍ູࢆඣਈ,PETູ520ᆕ3 ۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌᆭ10୍࠽ѯؿൌҩ୍ሹᆕؿਈb۴ऌᆃ၂ᆷඔࡼᇏݓ߃ٳ ۄുగީࢸཌѯն:ۄݬ(D[)a϶ۄݬ(20<D[ᄝሹࢲaӵభದ࣮Кٚ϶ۄݬٓຶॢࡗ[9])აു(D>)bD=ູۄݬ϶э߄ӮݔࠎԤഈ,ဗࡹ֩ࡼ࣮ٓຶঔն֞ᆜ۱
4௹ ဗࡹ֩:ᇝ࠱ڄაᇏݓۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌᆭܱ༢ 4 43ಆ౯గީэ߄,ದૌϜ࣮ᇿၩ৯ࠢᇏᄝ୪ତࢌհջളߌэ߄ഈ,Ⴕܱࢸཌٚ૫֥࣮ഒᆭႻഒbЧ໓ᄝ10୍࠽Ԅ؇ഈ,ؓ୪ତగީࢸཌᄝ୍໊֥࣍ࠫᇂэ߄ቓ၂ུԚ҄ฐษb࣍40୍୪ତగީࢸཌ୍֥ս࠽э߄ཁൕ(5),აۄുగީࢸཌཌྷб(4),୪ତగީࢸཌ֥э߄ሹุഈѩ҂൞ٳཁᇷ,ၧऎႵთྟ,ᄝתКֹaКֹa༆Кֹת҆э߄ࢠູԛb3 ᇏݓ୪ତࢌհջٳ҃ DiagramshowingdistributionofagricultureandpastureinterlacedzoneofChina϶ۄݬ,ҐႨݓ࠽ഈ๙Ⴈ֥ۄᄲ؇ᆷඔم,ᄝ10୍࠽Ԅ؇ഈ,བྷ༥࣮ਔ࣍50୍ᇏݓ϶ۄݬתଲa༆Кࢸ֥э߄,4ູ1951~1999୍ᇏݓۄുగީࢸཌ10୍࠽bࢲݔіૼ[10]:ݖಀ50୍ᇏݓۄۄുగީࢸཌѯཁᇷ,თҵၳն,ӯགྷԛᆜุ၍ބת༆aଲКཌྷၳѯหᆘb20ൗࡀ60~70୍սᇏݓۄുగީթᄝ၂Ցэ,Ⴎࢠുэູۄݬ,۲ֹۄݬӱ؇҂bۄുగީࢸཌ5 1961~2000୍୪ତగީࢸཌ10୍࠽ѯѯაగީ֥ۄുэ߄ऎႵཁᇷ୍֥ս࠽หᆘ Diagramshowingdecadalchangesinagro-pasturingclimateboundaryinChinaintheperiodof1961to2000 1)תКֹbཌྷؓႿ20ൗࡀ60୍ս,70୍ս୪ତࢌհջ༆ࢸႵ෮ת၍bᆭު,ෛሢھగީᇯࡶэു[10],༆ࢸሇཟ,ӻ࿃ཟ༆၍,ѩႿ90୍սղ֞ቋ༆໊ᇂ;୪ତࢌհջתࢸᄝ20ൗࡀ60ބ70୍սэ߄҂նࠇܿ,ੰ80୍սཁᇷཟ༆၍,90୍սᅼཟת၍b2)Кֹބ༆Кֹת҆bᆃਆ۱თ୪ତࢌհջ༆Кࢸэ߄ັཬ,תଲࢸэ߄ཁᇷb20ൗࡀ60୍սתଲࢸ໊ᇂொК,70୍սଲ၍,80୍4սэ߄҂ն,90୍սཁᇷཟଲ၍bഈඍֹ 1951~1999ۄുగީࢸཌ֥10୍࠽ѯ(ႄሱဗࡹ֩,2003)֥э߄іૼ,୪ତగީࢸཌѯဢऎႵ୍ս࠽ห Theinter-decadalfluctuationofthedryandwetᆘ,ఃთྟࢠۄുగީࢸཌҵbclimateboundariesfrom1951to1999inChina(afterYANGJian-pingetal.,2003)4 ᇝ࠱ڄაగީࢸཌ֥ܱ༢ ୪ତగީࢸཌѯ ᇏݓ࠱ڄა϶ۄݬగީݖ؈ջaКٚ୪ତ20ൗࡀ80୍ս,ൗউ֩[11]Ֆ୪ြ࢘؇ฐษࢌհջᆭॢࡗܱ༢ਔ୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ಒקࠣఃగީหᆘbᆭ,ުႮႿᄝᇏݓ,୪ତࢌհջa϶ۄݬగީݖ؈ջa࠱ڄ
4 44 ֹ ॓ ࿐ 25जࠃᆀᆭࡗ࣮ࣨႵޅܱ༢?ૌ൞ೂޅཌྷቔק֥གྷսնగߌੀ۬अ܋ቔႨ֥Ӂb϶ۄݬႨ֥?ᆃུૹۋ໙ีট൳֞॓ದჴܱᇿ,ႮႿѩ٤ປಆٳ҃ᄝ࠱ڄଽ,ᄝଽܞۚჰК҆აሧਘaࢸקٚمaඌ൭؍֩؟ᇕၹ֥႕ཙ,ᆰܴ༆ҟۚჰᇏ,҆϶ۄݬປಆٳ҃ᄝ࠱ڄᆭຓ;ᅚൕૌᆭࡗ֥ܱ༢ൌགྷఏটбࢠ,ᆃ൞Վোᄝଽܞۚჰת҆a༆ҟۚჰଲ҆ބ༆ଲֹКБ֡മഒ֥ჰၹᆭ၂bЧ໓ෙෆࠢਔնਈሧਘ,ࢸ,҆϶ۄݬॴᄀ࠱ڄა٤࠱ڄᆭࡗ;ᆺႵКקԛਔᆀ۲ሱ֥ٳ҃ٓ,ຶ൞,ႮႿᇭᇕၹֹބ༆Кֹת҆϶ۄݬປಆ໊Ⴟ࠱ڄଽ,֥႕ཙ,ᆃུࢲݔಯ൞Ԛ֥҄bᆃіૼᇏݓ϶ۄݬగީԢ൳ת࠱ڄބႆ؇࠱ᇏݓ҂ࣇ൳ת࠱ڄ֥ཁᇷ႕ཙ,طߎ൳֞ڄ֥ቔႨᆭຓ,ߎ൳֞ᇭೂᇏໂ؇༆ڄಠ[13]ބႆ؇࠱ڄ֥ቔႨ,൞ൗࢸഈ࠱ڄ႕ཙཁᇷ֥ݓࡅᆭౝҟۚჰ࠱ڄ[14]֥֩႕ཙb၂bნൗ֩[12]ิԛת࠱ڄބႆ؇࠱ڄ֥ٳࢸཌၛ100bEູࢸࢠູൡၒ,ᄝՎၛ༆ᇶေّ႘ႆ؇࠱ڄ֥หᆘ,ᄝՎၛתᇶေّ႘ת࠱ڄ֥หᆘb6ູૌႨཌྷܱمࢸקԛ֥ᇏݓ࠱ڄٓ,ຶնᇁ໊Ⴟնྖν-ၼ-ޏধ-ರᄅ-Ϙळঘ၂ཌၛתbת࠱ڄބႆ؇࠱ڄ࠻Ⴕ۲ሱ֥ࠃთ,ႻႵ܋ᇗן֥ቔႨॢࡗ,༆ଲֹބ༆Кֹת҆ᇶေ൳ႆ؇࠱ڄ֥႕ཙ,ᆃანൗ֥֩ࢲંཌྷ໖ކ;Кᇏଲֹ҆൞ႆ؇࠱ڄބת࠱ڄ܋ቔႨቋն֥თ,ಖطھֹၧ൞ࣜӈ൳ۄݬ႕ཙ֥თ,ႆ؇࠱ڄބת࠱ڄٳљՖ༆ଲaתଲེջ֥ඣచࣜݖခ֥٢,ᇀՎ෮ഺ҂؟,ᄜᆀ࠱ڄ୍࠽э߄ն,ၹՎ,ھֹಯ൳ಌ7 1958~2000୍ᇝ࠱ڄቔႨა϶ۄݬඣ֥ࡘω;ᇏݓת҆aଲ҆ᇶေ൳ת࠱ڄ֥႕ཙbగީݖ؈ջa୪ତࢌհջᆭॢࡗܱ༢ DiagramshowinggeographicallocationsofAsianmonsoonactivityrange,sem-iaridclimatetransitionzone,andagro-pasturezigzagzoneintheperiodof1958to2000 ၼၛଲ,୪ତࢌհٓຶ༮ᅎ,ӯ༥ջሑ໊Ⴟ϶ۄݬݖ؈֥༆Кჸ;ၼၛК,୪ତࢌհջᄀݖ϶ۄݬॴೆۄݬb୪ତࢌհջೂՎٳ҃Ⴕധި֥ሱಖބഠ߶ࣜ࠶ჰၹbᄝ༆ଲބ༆Кֹתଲ,҆ളӁ৯ཌྷؓઋ,ުሱಖ่ࡱཌྷؓذਜ,ದૌ֥षؿି৯൳֞ሱಖ֥ཋᇅ;Кֹ༆ֹ҆҂ીႵषफ़֥Ⴥֹ,ّط҂ൈႵڄ೬ೆ,ၹՎ୪ତࢌհջಯЌӻᄝ϶ۄݬଽ;ᄝၼၛК֥ת6 ת༱࠱ڄބႆ؇༆ଲ࠱ڄ۲ሱ႕ཙთFКֹ,୪ତࢌհջཟ༆ຉᅚჰၹ:æҤֹູ۶ֹ MapshowingtheactionrangesofEastAsiasummermonsoonandषफ़ิ܂ਔᇉࠎԤ;çగީۄുѯႺؿ֥Indiasummermonsoonྜྷྏ൞৯;èದ१৯ބሔࣜ࠶ؿᅚ൞۴ჷ;éൎഈᆟҦ֝ཟ൞բ߄࠴b 7ᅚൕਔᇏݓ࠱ڄa϶ۄݬa୪ତࢌհሸഈ෮ඍ,϶ۄݬა୪ତࢌհ֥܋ׄ൞ֹ໊֥ᇂބॢࡗٳ҃b϶ۄݬሱתКཟ༆ؽᆀन໊Ⴟᇏݓ࠱ڄшჸֹ,҂֥൞϶ۄݬଲᅚ҃Ⴟᇏݓᇏ,҆ఃྙӮაթᄝ൞ᇏݓ෮ԩֹ֥൞ՂሱಖቔႨ֥Ӂ,ط୪ତࢌհԢ൳ሱಖၹ໊ᇂa༆ۚתֹ֥֮ྙၛࠣၹౝҟۚჰੈఏ෮႕ཙຓ,ߎധധাഈഠ߶ࣜ࠶ၹ֥ޒࠖb
4௹ ဗࡹ֩:ᇝ࠱ڄაᇏݓۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌᆭܱ༢ 4 ᇝ༱࠱ڄэ߄୍ট֥ቋଲ໊ᇂ;80୍սᇏ௹ၛުڬۚႻཁᇷᇝ࠱ڄЇওଲ࠱ڄ(ၧӫႆ؇࠱ڄ)aתᄹ఼,नࠬཌᄜ၂ՑК၍(і1)b࠱ڄބౝҟۚჰ࠱ڄbႆ؇࠱ڄ๙ӈၛૄ୍ ഈඍٳ༅іૼ,ת࠱ڄaႆ؇࠱ڄaౝҟۚჰ6~9ᄅٺ֥ࢆඣਈটіൕః఼؇bႆ؇༱࠱ڄa࠱ڄa༆လڬಣջۚࠣఃࠬཌनऎႵཁᇷ֥ת༱࠱ڄބۚჰ࠱ڄ఼؇ᆷඔᄝ࣍40୍֥ൈࡗ୍ս࠽หᆘbэ߄ٳ༅ཁൕ(),ת༱࠱ڄ(תଲ࠱ڄ), ᇝ࠱ڄაۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ܱ༢ൗࡀ50୍սᇏ௹֞60୍սᇏ௹ԩႿ఼ഹࢨ؍,60ᇏݓ϶ۄݬބ୪ତࢌհ༆ଲ-תКሼཟ,୍սଌ௹ᆭުః఼؇ᇯࡶࡨ,70୍սଌ௹֞80ଲКॴ؇ն,۲ֹ֥࠱ڄࢆඣোႵ෮҂b༆୍սᇏ௹ת༱࠱ڄၳӈொ,80୍սᇏ௹ၛުଲބ༆Кת҆൳༆ଲ࠱ڄaתଲ࠱ڄބۚჰ࠱ڄః఼؇Ⴛᇯࡶᄹ఼bႆ؇༱࠱ڄ(༆ଲ࠱ڄ)Ֆ20֥ሸކቔႨ;༆ଲ࠱ڄބתଲ࠱ڄ႕ཙК;תൗࡀ50୍սԚषᇯࡶᄹ఼,֞60୍սᇏ௹ղ֞К൳תଲ࠱ڄ֥႕ཙb҂֥ߌੀቆކ,҂֥ቋ఼,ᆭުᇯࡶࡨ,80୍սᇏު௹Ⴛषᄹ఼b఼э߄ቆކ൞ᇏݓۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌთҵၳᇀႿۚჰ࠱ڄ,20ൗࡀ50୍սᇀ60୍սᇏ௹ູཁᇷ֥۴Чჰၹbऎุଖ၂۱თగީࢸཌೂޅ఼ഹ௹,60୍սଌ௹ᇀ80୍սԚ௹ູක௹,80э߄,൞҂ߌੀቆކཌྷቔႨ֥ࢲݔb୍սᇏ௹ᆭުႻԩႿ఼ഹ௹(і1)bႮіॖᆩ,ת20ൗࡀ50~60୍սᇏ௹,תଲ࠱ڄa༆ଲ࠱༱࠱ڄaႆ؇༱࠱ڄࠎЧഈ൞ཌྷэ߄,఼ൈؽڄაۚჰ࠱ڄԩႿ఼ഹ௹,༆လڬۚࠬཌၳᆀ఼,ൈbۚჰ࠱ڄ఼ഹ௹षൈࡗᄪ,ӈொК,ᇏݓתКაКֹࢆඣொ؟,ᄝૌ֥ົӻ୍֥ඔбת༱࠱ڄაႆ؇༱࠱ڄေӉ2~3܋ቔႨ༯,϶ۄݬתଲa༆Кࢸᆜุཟ༆К୍,ක௹؋ԛགྷൈࡗພࢲඏൈࡗᄪbᆴ֤ᇿၩ၍;60୍սᇏ௹ު,ת༱࠱ڄaႆ؇༱࠱ڄބ֥ۚ൞,ෙಖת༱࠱ڄაႆ؇༱࠱ڄ఼ഹൈ఼ჰ࠱ڄ఼؇ࡨ,༆ଲބ༆Кת҆϶ۄݬؽࢸഹ,ਆᆀ఼֥ӱ؇҂,ؽᆀ࣍40୍֥э߄ཁཌת,აՎൈ,༆လڬಣջ္ۚࡨ,ڬൕ(),ת༱࠱ڄ఼֥ӱ؇ჹཬႿႆ؇༱ۚࠬཌ္ᇯࡶଲ,КაתКࢆඣषࡨ࠱ڄb္ࣼ൞ඪ,࣍϶۱ൗࡀၛটת༱࠱ڄ఼֥ഒ,70୍սଌ௹ᇀ80୍սᇏ௹,תଲ࠱ڄა༆ଲ؇ᄝࡨ,طႆ؇༱࠱ڄ఼֥؇ᄝᄹ఼,ᆃაྸ؟࠱ڄၳӈொ,༆လڬۚࠬཌ္֞ਔ࣮࣍ࠫӮݔ൞၂ᇁ֥[15,16]b୍ট֥ቋଲ໊ᇂ,൳תଲ࠱ڄა༆ଲ࠱ڄ֥܋іቔႨ,Кۄݬ-϶ۄݬٳࢸཌა϶ۄݬ-ു1 ת༱࠱ڄaႆ؇༱࠱ڄaౝҟۚჰ࠱ڄa༆လڬಣջۚaनࠬཌ఼֥௹ٳࢸཌᆜุཟתଲ၍,תКᄝתଲ࠱ڄ֥႕(୍)Table1 StrongandweakperiodofEastAsianSummerMonsoon,ཙ༯,ؽࢸཌᆜุת၍b൳࠱ڄߌੀ༢֥э႕IndianSummerMonsoon,PlateauMonsooninTibetanPlateau,ཙ,Վࢨ؍תКֹaКֹބ༆Кת҆୪ତగWestPacificSubtropicalHighanditsmeanridgeީࢸཌᆜุཟתaཟଲ၍;80୍սᇏ௹,ުת఼ഹ௹(୍)ක௹(୍)఼ഹ௹(୍)༱࠱ڄaႆ؇༱࠱ڄބۚჰ࠱ڄनԩႿᄹ఼௹,ת༱࠱ڄ1956~19651966~19871988~གྷᄝႆ؇༱࠱ڄתଲ࠱ڄ఼֥ഹ൞ཌྷؓ,֥აႆ؇༱࠱ڄཌྷб,ת1951~19641965~19871988~གྷᄝۚჰ࠱ڄ1952~19671968~19831984~གྷᄝ༱࠱ڄ఼֥؇ࢠ[15,16],ᄝཌྷ֥ؓתଲ࠱ڄa༆လڬ఼༆ଲ࠱ڄაۚჰ࠱ڄ֥ሸކቔႨ༯,༆ଲބ༆Кಣջۚ1951~19651966~19871988~1999नࠬཌொКଲொКתֹ֥҆϶ۄݬ-ുٳࢸཌაۄݬ-϶ۄݬٳࢸཌཟ༆К၍bႮႿ༆ଲ࠱ڄᇶေ႕ཙ100b ༆လڬಣջۚ൞ת࠱ڄ༢֥ᇗေEၛ༆ֹ,100bEၛת֥КaתКֹᇶေіቆӮӮჴ,ః఼؇ა໊ᇂэ߄აᇏݓ༱࠱ࢆඣႵૡགྷູתଲ࠱ڄ֥หᆘbၹՎ,࣐ܵՎ௹ࡗ༆လ్֥ܱ༢[17]bؓః఼؇ᆷඔਙބࠬཌ໊ᇂэ߄ڬಣջۚषᄹ఼,ࠬཌ္ࢠॹК၍,ᄝཌྷؓٳ༅іૼ[10]:20ൗࡀ50~60୍սᇏ௹ڬ఼ۚ؇ொ֥תଲ࠱ڄቔႨ༯,К϶ۄݬ֥תଲa༆К఼,नࠬཌ໊ႿၛК;60୍սᇏ௹ުڬࢸა୪ତݖ؈תଲࢸಯཟתଲٚཟ၍,תКۚᇯࡶࡨ,नࠬཌ္ᇯࡶଲ;70୍սᇏ௹ᇀ϶ۄݬ-ുٳࢸཌა୪ତࢌհתࢸၧת၍,ಖ80୍սᇏ௹,ڬۚၳӈொ,नࠬཌ֞ਔ࣍ࠫط,תКۄݬ-϶ۄݬٳࢸཌა୪ତࢌհ༆ࢸ
4 46 ֹ ॓ ࿐ 25ज༆၍,іགྷԛაתଲ࠱ڄࢠቔႨཌྷᙣ֥ॢࡗэۄുగީࢸཌބ୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ѯ൞תଲ࠱ڄa߄,іૼھֹߎ൳ఃߌੀ༢֥႕ཙbႆ؇༆ଲ࠱ڄaౝҟۚჰ࠱ڄa༆လڬಣջۚሸഈ෮ඍ,࣍50୍ᇏݓۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ࠣఃࠬཌ఼؇໊ᇂэ߄ᄝॢࡗഈ֥ൌіགྷ,࠱э߄൞႕ཙᇏݓ࠱ڄߌੀ఼ቔႨᄝॢࡗഈڄߌੀ୍֥ս࠽э߄֝ᇁਔۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌ֥֥ൌіགྷ,࠱ڄߌੀ఼֥э߄॥ᇅሢగީࢸཌ୍ս࠽หᆘbתଲ࠱ڄᄹ఼,϶ۄݬބ୪ତݖ؈ॢࡗϥ֥ٓຶაٚཟ,ః୍ս࠽э߄൞ᇏݓۄתଲࢸཟ༆Кٚཟ၍;༆ଲ࠱ڄᄹ఼,༆ଲֹുa୪ତగީࢸཌӯགྷԛ୍ս࠽э߄หᆘ֥۴ჷbᆜ۱϶ۄݬ༆၍;תଲ࠱ڄa༆ଲ࠱ڄაۚჰתଲ࠱ڄᄹ఼,϶ۄݬބ୪ତݖ؈תଲࢸཟ༆࠱ڄᆀࡆ఼,ۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌनཟ༆К၍Кٚཟ၍;༆ଲ࠱ڄᄹ఼,༆ଲֹᆜ۱϶ۄݬb༆၍;תଲ࠱ڄa༆ଲ࠱ڄაۚჰ࠱ڄᆀࡆᄝሱಖၹቔႨ༯,୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ѯѩ҂఼,ۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌनཟ༆К၍;ࣼתଲ࠱ٳཁᇷ,طದ໓ၹ֥႕ཙ٤ӈ఼ਛ,ၹՎॖၛڄa༆ଲ࠱ڄაۚჰ࠱ڄ႕ཙӱ؇ط,༆ଲֹಪູ,ᄝགྷս౦ঃ༯,୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ॢࡗ໊ᇂϥ༆ଲ࠱ڄ൞ᇶ;֝КބתКֹתଲ࠱ڄ൞ᇶᇶေّ႘ದোളӁࠃ఼؇఼֥ҵၳ,൞၂ᇕ֝bದູၹఏᇶ֝ቔႨ֥ದູݖӱb୪ତࢌհֹ൳ದোࠃ႕ཙऍն,ಖط,Ⴎۄുగީࢸཌ֥э߄൞ՂሱಖၹቔႨႿࡼದ໓ၹਈ߄ऎႵࢠն֥؇,ܣഈඍ୪ତగ֥ࢲݔ,ط୪ତగީࢸཌ֥э߄Ԣ൳ሱಖၹ႕ཙީࢸཌ୍֥ս࠽э߄ᆺّ႘గީٚ૫֥э߄,ᇀႿᆭຓ,ߎ൳֞ದ໓ၹ఼֥ਛ႕ཙ,ಖط,ႮႿଢభགྷսದোࠃ֥႕ཙ,ଢభᆺିࣉྛ૭ඍbߎၛࡼದ໓ၹࣉྛਈ߄,ܣ໓ᇏؓ୪ତగީࢸᄝགྷս,ႮႿᇯࡶᄝದֹܱ༢ᇏิശਔದোࠃཌ֥ᅚൕႵ၂ק֥अཋྟbᄝࣂު֥࣮ᇏ,ᆺႵ֥ᇶܴିྟބט॥৯,၂ٚ૫୪ତࢌհջൌགྷದ໓ބሱಖၹ֥ਈ߄ࢲކ,Ҍିᆇᆞ۞ౢ୪ֹ০ႨٚൔႮჰট֥୪ତြࢌูൔሇэູ୪ତြତగީࢸཌ֥ᆇൌ໊ᇂၛࠣఃॢࡗэ߄bѩթൔ,ਸ਼၂ٚ૫֤୪ତࢌհջ҂؎ཟКࣉ,ჰট൞྾ତြ֥ҤֹФषफ़ູ୪Ⴈ,ᆃᇕགྷའᄝଽҕॉ໓ང:ܞתaК҆aޑࡾބࠝਟ༆҆іགྷቋູԛb[1] ߛߩ,ߛ ې,Ќ.ת༱࠱ڄ֥࣮ࣉᅚࠣఃླࣉᅦݓ֩[18]ؓᇏݓ࣍௹۶ֹሧჷ֥ൈॢэ߄࣮၂࣮֥҄໙ี[J].նగ॓࿐,1999,23(2):129~141.ؿགྷ[2] պफ,྆ ν,ᅦ Ⴇ.ଲݚ༱࠱ڄࠃ୍֥࠽ބ୍ս࠽,ޑࡾaଽܞބࠝਟ൞ᇏݓ۶ֹ૫ࠒᄹࡆหᆘ[J].గީაߌ࣮,2000,5(4):363~374.ቋॹ֥3۱സ,ᄝ10୍ൈࡗ۲ሱٳљᄹࡆਔ[3] ᅵݗਟ,ᅵ࿐Ⴇ,ᅦ߶,֩.Кٚ୪ତࢌհջֹ֥ࢸק4182@10hm44,@10hmބ@10hmbഈࠣఃള໙ี[J].ֹ౯॓࿐ࣉᅚ,2002,17(5):739~747.ඍඔऌՖ၂קӱ؇ഈॖၛඪૼ,୪ତࢌհջК҆ཟ[4] ᅦफม, ᅽ,ᆢ ؇.תК୪ତࢌհඣٳ่ࡱࠣఃؓ༆ঔᅚ֥؇ၛࠣ୪ତࢌհջתॺ༆ᅎ֥ჰၹbᆱФٳ֥҃႕ཙ[J].ֹ॓࿐,2001,21(4):297~300.[5] ধ,ᅦ࿒ౘ.ౢս॓غ୪۶Кࢸ֥эథ[J].ֹ7ཁൕਔ୪ତࢌհջଲ҆ٳ҃ᄝᇏݓ϶ۄݬݖ॓࿐,2001,21(3):230~235.؈ջ֥༆Кшჸ,࠱ڄቔႨ֥ແᚌ;К҆ࠫެᅝ[6] ീ ି,ᇫ۴.1873~1995୍תa༱࠱ڄ఼؇ᆷඔऌਔ϶ۄݬగީ֥ಆ҆,Ⴕ၂϶ၛഈ֥თᄁ[J].గའ॓,2000,3:14~18.ԛਔ࠱ڄቔႨ,ࣉ֞նྟۄݬగީଽb[7] ParthasarathyB,MunotAA,-Indiamonthlyandseasonalrainfallseries:1871-1993[J].TheoreticalAp-5 ࢲંაษંpliedClimatology,1994,49(4):217-224[8] ఫࡀਅ,ਟᆭܻ.ܱႿᇏݓۄുగީ߃֥Ԛ࣮҄[J].ֹᄝಒקۄുగީࢸཌa୪ତగީࢸཌaת༱࿐Б,1965,31(1):1~14.࠱ڄބႆ؇༱࠱ڄቔႨთ֥ࠎԤഈ,໓ᇏᄝ10[9] .ݓࡹ৫aႄႨބဒᆣగའۄݬᆷѓሸඍ[J].ۄݬ୍࠽Ԅ؇ഈֹ,1990,13(1):80~86.,ٳ༅ਔۄുగީࢸཌބ୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ॢࡗ໊ᇂэ߄,ѩษંਔᆃᇕэ߄აᇝ࠱ڄ֥[10]ဗࡹ,נႥࡹ,ӧಥശ,֩.࣍50୍ᇏݓۄുగީࢸཌѯܱ༢bࢲݔіૼ,ۄുగީࢸཌѯཁᇷ,თҵࠣఃӮၹԚฐ[J].గའ࿐Б,2003,61(3):364~373.[11]ൗউ,െ৫.ᇏݓК҆϶ۄݬֹ୪ତగީࢸཌฐษၳն,ط୪ତగީࢸཌ֥ѯѩ҂ٳཁᇷ,[A].:ᇏݓሱಖሧჷ࣮߶(ᇶщ).ᇏݓۄݬ϶ۄݬֹთҵၳྟбۄുగީࢸཌࢠҵb࣍50୍ট,ᇏݓሱಖሧჷ࣮[C].Кࣘ:॓࿐ԛϱഠ,~124.
4௹ ဗࡹ֩:ᇝ࠱ڄაᇏݓۄുa୪ତగީࢸཌᆭܱ༢ 4 47[12]ნൗ.1979୍ת༱࠱ڄߌੀࡹ৫ݖӱٳ༅[J].ಣջగ[M].NewYork:JohnWileyandSonsInc,-17.འ,1986,2(1):55~61.[16]FuCongbin,[13]܁֡ၮ,ക.К϶౯࠱ໂཟनߌੀ֥ࢲܒࠣؓݓSouthAsiasummermonsoonanditssynchronismwiththeglobalగީ֥႕ཙ[J].ֹ॓࿐,2001,21(2):108~[J].ScienceinChina,SerB,1991,35(6):666-[14]ณᨚқ,Ϣᇗᠻ,ڈ ,.֩Чൗࡀౝҟۚჰగީ֥Ց672.эࠣა฿໓ၹ֥ཌྷܱ[J].ۚჰగའ,1998,17(3):[17]ଠెᆅ,ക,ᇫࣆޣ,֩.࣍Ϥ୍༱࠱༆လڬಣջۚ250~257.֥э߄[J].նగ॓࿐,2001,25(6):787~797.[15][18]ᅦݓ,ਾࡀჹ,ᅦᄹབ.࣍10୍টᇏݓ۶ֹሧჷ֥ൈॢwarming[A].In::Bio-э߄ٳ༅[J].ֹ࿐Б,2003,58(3):323~-pasturingclimateboundaryYANGJian-Ping,DINGYong-Jian,CHENRen-Sheng,LIUJun-Feng(,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Lanzhou,Gangsu730000)Abstract:Herein,weusearidityindex,isohye,tandcorrelationanalysismethodstodecidethelocationsandrangesofsem-iaridzone,agricultureandpastureinterlacedzone,EastAsiansummermonsoon,andIndiansum-mermonsoon,(onthewholeChina)and295(innorthernChina)-iaridzoneandeco-tonebetweenagricultureandanimalhusbandryliealongtheborderofthemonsoon,andarethuszonesthatarehighlysusceptiblezonetoenvironmentalchangeinChina,-pasturingclimateboundaries,-iaridclimatezoneandecotonebetweenagricultureandanimalhusbandryinChinaaretheinterlacedregionsinEastAsiamonsoon,,,-iansummermonsoonareallstrong,arid/semiaridandsemiarid/-maticpresentationinnaturalfactorsandanalysisinhumanfactorsshowthatspatialshiftsinpositionsinbounda-riesofagricultureandanimalhusbandryinterlacedzonearemainlyahuman-inducedprocess,:eastAsiansummermonsoon;Indiansummermonsoon;dryandwetclimateboundary;boundariesinagricultureandanimalhusbandryinterlacedzone
