2009쓪뗚4웚릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄쪵횤퇐뺿3틼횾뎬ꆡ룊ꆡ샧ꆡꆡ쓚죝쳡튪:믹폚CHNS쫽뻝,놾컄폃Heckman퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍뛔컒맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬뷸탐쇋맀볆ꆣ퇐뺿랢쿖퓚1989쓪떽1997쓪퇹놾훐,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤뇈럇릫릲늿쏅뗍2190%,떫쫇퓚2000쓪떽2006쓪퇹놾훐,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤쿔훸룟폚럇릫릲늿쏅,릤닮틬듯떽13148%,뛸쟒닮틬돊삩듳쟷쫆ꆣ퇐뺿뮹랢쿖늻춬뗄릫릲늿쏅횮볤릤튲듦퓚뷏듳닮틬:맺폐쫂튵떥캻릤쿔훸룟폚헾뢮믺맘,닮틬듯떽8122%ꆣ듋췢,릫릲늿쏅뷌폽ꆢ뺭퇩뗄믘놨뗍폚럇릫릲늿쏅,릤뗄탔뇰닮틬킡폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣ놾컄뷒쪾쇋떱잰컒맺쫕죫럖엤쳥쾵뗄탂쳘헷,춬쪱튲캪캴살쫕죫럖엤쳥쾵뗄뗷헻쳡릩쇋닎뾼틀뻝ꆣ맘볼듊:릫릲늿쏅ꆡ럇릫릲늿쏅ꆡ릤닮틬ꆡ쫕죫럖엤튻ꆢ틽ꆡ퇔2000쓪틔살,컒맺놨뾼릫컱풱뗄죋쫽훰쓪뗝퓶,릫컱풱놨뾼죋쫽폫슼좡죋쫽뗄뇈샽늻뛏짏짽ꆣ뻝놨뗀ꋙ,2009쓪맺볒릫컱풱슼좡뇈샽뷶캪1175%,벴놨뾼죋쫽뫍슼좡죋쫽뇈샽듯떽57ꇃ1ꆣ죋쏇뛔헢튻쿖쿳놳뫳뗄풭틲쪮럖룐탋좤,튲캪듋햹뾪쇋헹싛ꆣ폐톧헟뻝듋쿖쿳죏캪릫릲늿쏅릤쫕죫욫룟쇋(훜웤죊,2006)ꆣ떫쫇,짐캴볻믹폚캢맛쫽뻝뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뛔듋뷸탐럖컶ꆣ컒쏇붫평듋쿖쿳짮죫첽쳖컒맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬ꆣ맘폚릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬,쿠맘컄쿗듓늻춬뷇뛈폃늻춬랽램뷸탐쇋퇐뺿ꆣSmith(1977)랢쿖,쏀맺솪냮헾뢮뗄풱릤펵폐뷏듳뗄헽뗄릤틧볛(wagepremium),쓐탔뗄닮틬퓚13%ꆪ15%횮볤,얮탔뗄닮틬퓚18%ꆪ20%횮볤ꆣ떫쫇뛔훝벰뗘랽헾뢮풱릤뛸퇔,횻폐얮탔뻟폐쏷쿔뗄릤틧볛ꆣKrueger(1988)폃쏦냥쫽뻝뗄만뚨킧펦쒣탍맀볆쇋쏀맺솪냮헾뢮뫍쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,랢쿖뛾헟릤닮틬캪518%ꆣGyourko뫍Tracy(1988)퓚뾼싇쇋릤ퟷ늿쏅톡퓱뗄쓚짺탔횮뫳맀볆쇋릫릲늿쏅뫍쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,랢쿖릫릲늿쏅뻟폐릤틧볛,떫쫇뿘훆쇋릤믡짭럝뫳,닮틬믡쯵킡ꆣMoulton(1990)뾼달쇋1980쓪듺쏀맺솪냮헾뢮뫍쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,쯻랢쿖퓚뿘훆쇋릤ퟷ횰캻뫍뗘폲쳘헷뫳,솽룶늿쏅뗄릤닮틬폐쯵킡뗄쟷쫆ꆣRobinson뫍Tomes(1984)퓚뿘훆쇋풱릤뗄릤믡짭럝뫳랢쿖,릫릲늿쏅뫍쮽죋늿쏅횮볤뗄닮틬쿔훸쯵킡ꆣMueller(1998)폃럖캻믘맩(quantileregression)뗄랽램퇐뺿쇋볓쓃듳릫릲늿쏅뫍쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,쯻랢쿖볓쓃듳솪냮헾뢮릤ퟷ뗄풱릤릤뇈웤쯻늿쏅룟,벴릫릲늿쏅듦퓚릤틧볛ꆣGunderson(1979)폃볓쓃듳뗄쫽뻝맀볆랢쿖,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤룟폚쮽죋늿쏅,폈웤쫇뛔뗍릤뗄릤죋살쮵,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤폅쫆룼캪쏷쿔;춬쪱,볓쓃듳뗄맀볆뷡맻뇭쏷,솽룶늿쏅뗄릤닮틬듦퓚탔뇰뷡릹뗄닮틬,얮탔뗄닮틬캪816%,듳폚쓐탔뗄닮틬612%ꆣPedersen뗈(1990)폃떤싳뗄쫽뻝,닉폃쏦냥쫽뻝뗄만뚨킧펦랽램맀볆쇋릫릲늿쏅뫍쮽3ꆡ틼횾뎬,컷쓏닆뺭듳톧뷰죚톧풺,폊헾뇠싫:610074,뗧ퟓ탅쿤:yzc@;룊샧,컷쓏닆뺭듳톧뫍쏀맺TexasA&MUniversityꆣ룐킻뗚컥뷬(2008)쿣룛뺭볃톧쮫쓪믡(돉뚼)럖믡뎡닎폫헟뗄움싛뫍붨틩,쳘뇰룐킻쓤쏻짳룥죋뗄놦맳붨틩,떫컄퓰ퟔ뢺ꆣ놾컄뗃떽컷쓏닆뺭듳톧ꆰ211ꆱ죽웚훘뗣톧뿆붨짨쿮쒿훺,쳘듋훂킻ꆣꋙꆡ탂뮪췸(http:ΠΠΠpoliticsΠ2008211Π30Πcontent-104319941htm),2008쓪11퓂30죕ꆣ129' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
틼횾뎬ꆢ룊ꆡ샧:릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄쪵횤퇐뺿죋늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,쯻쏇랢쿖릫릲늿쏅릤뗍폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣWeirsbrod(1983)뾼달쇋펮샻탔늿쏅뫍럇펮샻늿쏅횮볤싉쪦릤뗄닮틬뫳랢쿖,돶폚릫릲샻틦뗄럇펮샻늿쏅싉쪦뗄릤쿔훸뗍폚쮽죋늿쏅ꆣKatz뫍Krueger(1991)랢쿖,릫릲늿쏅뗄쓜솦믘놨뗍폚쮽죋늿쏅ꆣퟜ쳥살뾴,퓚랢듯맺볒,횧돖릫릲늿쏅릤틧볛뗄횤뻝뷏뛠ꆣ맘폚랢햹훐맺볒뫍탍맺볒뗄릤닮틬,쒿잰늢쎻폐튻훂뗄뷡싛ꆣLindauer뫍Sabot(1983)랢쿖,첹즣쓡퇇뗄릫릲늿쏅듦퓚릤틧볛ꆣCorbo뫍Stelcner(1983)랢쿖훇샻쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤룟폚릫릲늿쏅ꆣPsacharopoulos(1985)랢쿖,듓뷌폽믘놨살뾴,뺺헹탔뗄쮽죋늿쏅뇈럇뺺헹탔뗄릫릲늿쏅튪룟3%ퟳ폒ꆣAdamchik뫍Bedi(1999)뾼달쇋탍웚뗄늨삼릫릲늿쏅뫍쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,쯻쏇랢쿖쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤쿔훸룟폚릫릲늿쏅뗄릤ꆣGaag뫍Vijverberg(1988)폃뿆쳘뗏췟뗄쫽뻝,퓚뾼싇쇋늿쏅톡퓱뗄쓚짺탔뫳뛔랢햹훐맺볒뗄릫릲늿쏅뫍쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤닮틬뷸탐쇋맀볆,랢쿖릫릲늿쏅뗄믵뇒릤늢늻뇈럇릫릲늿쏅룟ꆣ듓짏쫶컄쿗뾴,퓚랢듯맺볒,릫릲늿쏅릤듳뛠룟폚쮽죋늿쏅,벴릫릲늿쏅듦퓚릤틧볛ꆣ뛸퓚랢햹훐맺볒,뛔릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬짐컞좷뚨뗄뷡싛ꆣ놾컄붫폃탍훐훐맺뗄쫽뻝캪릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬쳡릩탂뗄횤뻝ꆣ듓맺쓚컄쿗살뾴,튻킩퇐뺿듓늻춬뷇뛈첽쳖쇋릤닮틬컊쳢ꆣ훓킦몮(2006)퇐뺿쇋샍뚯솦쇷뚯폫릤닮틬뗄맘쾵ꆣ췵쏀퇞(2005a,2005b)럖뇰퇐뺿쇋훐맺돇쫐샍뚯솦쫐뎡짏릤뗄탔뇰닮틬뫍뻍튵믺믡폫릤닮틬뗄맘쾵ꆣ엋쪿풶(2007)퇐뺿쇋쎳틗ퟔ평뮯뛔쫬솷샍뚯솦뫍럇쫬솷샍뚯솦릤닮틬뗄펰쿬ꆣ쒿잰,뮹캴볻뛔훐맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뷸탐쾵춳퇐뺿뗄컄쿗ꆣ놾컄뗄퇐뺿붫쏖늹쒿잰컄쿗뗄늻ퟣꆣ놾컄폃Heckman퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍뛔릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬뷸탐쇋맀볆ꆣ컒쏇랢쿖,쯦ퟅ훐맺뺭볃뗄탍,릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬돶쿖폐뢺뇤헽뗄쓦쟷쫆:1989쓪떽1997쓪,릫릲늿쏅릤뗍폚럇릫릲늿쏅;2000쓪틔살,컒맺릫릲늿쏅뛔럇릫릲늿쏅듦퓚쏷쿔뗄릤틧볛ꆣ욽뻹살뾴,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤뇈럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤룟돶13148%,듳틔짏톧샺뗄룶죋퓚릫릲늿쏅뇈럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤룟돶9146%,듓늻춬쓪럝뚯첬뗘뾴,릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬폐삩듳뗄쟷쫆ꆣ릫릲늿쏅쓚뗄뷌폽ꆢ뺭퇩믘놨뻹킡폚럇릫릲늿쏅,릫릲늿쏅쓚릤뗄탔뇰닮틬킡폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣ컒쏇뮹랢쿖,헾뢮믺맘뇈럇릫릲늿쏅릤룟돶5167%,맺폐쫂튵떥캻뇈럇릫릲늿쏅릤룟돶24160%,헾뢮믺맘뇈맺폐쫂튵떥캻릤뗍8122%ꆣ죧맻뾼싇떽릫릲늿쏅뗄럇믵뇒쫕틦ꆢ릤ퟷ컈뚨탔ꆢ릤ퟷ잿뛈뗈틲쯘뫳,릫릲늿쏅쿠뛔폚럇릫릲늿쏅뗄뇈뷏폅쫆룼볓쏷쿔ꆣ룼캪훘튪뗄쫇,놾컄뗄퇐뺿뷒쪾쇋컒맺쿖뷗뛎늻춬늿쏅횮볤쫕죫럖엤뗄탂쳘뗣,헢붫캪캴살뗷헻쫕죫럖엤쳥쾵쳡릩훘튪닎뾼틀뻝ꆣ놾컄폠쿂늿럖쫇헢퇹낲업뗄:뗚뛾늿럖뷩짜컒쏇붫튪폃떽뗄쒣탍뫍쫽뻝,뗚죽늿럖맀볆릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,뗚쯄늿럖뷸튻늽맀볆헾뢮믺맘ꆢ맺폐쫂튵떥캻뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬,뗚컥늿럖쫇뷡싛ꆣ뛾ꆢ쒣탍뫍쫽뻝(튻)쒣탍퇐뺿릤늿쏅닮틬훷튪폃쿂쏦뗄쒣탍:wPit=ꛃꛄPit+xꛁPitt+ꛂt+ꛅPitwNPNPit=ꛃꛄNPit+xꛁitt+ꛂt+ꛅN(P1)itꆡꆡ쒣탍훐P뫍NP럖뇰듺뇭릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅;wPit뇭쪾룶쳥i퓚쪱볤t퓚릫릲늿쏅릤ퟷ뗄릤;ꛃi쫇늻뿉맛닢뗄뻶뚨룶쳥릤뗄뇤솿,뇈죧쓜솦;xit쫇맛닢떽뗄폫룶죋릤폐맘뗄뇤솿,뇈130' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
2009쓪뗚4웚죧뷌폽ꆢ뺭퇩뗈;ꛂt퓲뇭쪾솽룶늿쏅뗄릤닮틬ꆣ뛔폚쒣탍(1),탭뛠퇐뺿헟(CaagandVijvergerg,1989;Ophem,1993뗈)쫗쿈폃Heckman(1976)뗄퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍뒦샭늿쏅톡퓱뗄쓚짺탔,좻뫳폃ퟮ킡뛾돋맀볆램(OLS)맀볆늻춬늿쏅횮볤뗄닮틬ꆣ퇹놾톡퓱뗄믹놾쒣탍캪:wP=x1ꛂ1+u1P=1[x2ꛄ2+v2>0]ꆡꆡ좻뫳뿉틔뗃떽:2ꛄ^2)E(wP|x,P=1)=x1ꛂ1+ꛃ1E(v2|x2,P=1)=x1ꛂ1+ꛃ<(x1ꚵx1ꛂ1+ꛃx2ꛄ^=1ꛋ(2)(2)ꆡꆡ웤훐ꛋ<(x2ꛄ^2)=ꚵ,돆캪쓦쏗샕뇈싊(inverseMillsratio),P캪릫릲늿쏅퇆뇤솿ꆣ죧맻ꛋ뗄쾵쫽(x2ꛄ^2)쿔훸,퓲뇭쏷듦퓚쿔훸뗄퇹놾톡퓱컊쳢,웕춨뗄ퟮ킡뛾돋랽램맀볆뗄뷡맻붫쫇폐욫뗄,뛸닉폃Heckman뗄퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍뿉믱뗃튻훂뗄맀볆ꆣퟷ캪뛔뷘쏦쫽뻝맀볆랽램뗄췆맣,뫜뛠퇐뺿닉폃럖캻믘맩(quantileregression)뗄랽램뛔늻춬늿쏅뗄릤닮틬뷸탐맀볆(Mueller,1998;DisneyandGosling,1998)ꆣ놾컄붫폃Heckman뗄퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍맀볆릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬ꆣ룹뻝쯹폃쫽뻝뗄쳘뗣,컒쏇퓚Heckman쒣탍뗚뛾뷗뛎뗄맀볆훐붫럖뇰쪹폃믬뫏ퟮ킡뛾돋램(PooledOLS)맀볆뫍쯦믺킧펦쒣탍(RandomEffects)맀볆ꆣ(뛾)쫽뻝놾컄쫽뻝살풴폚쏀맺놱뾨싞살쓉듳톧뫍훐맺벲늡뿘훆훐탄솪뫏뷸탐뗄맺볊뫏ퟷ쿮쒿ꆪꆪꆪ훐맺붡뾵뫍펪퇸뗷닩(CHNS,ChinaHealthandNutritionSurvey)ꆣ룃쿮쒿횼퓚뗷닩훐맺뻓쏱붡뾵뫍펪퇸뗄ힴ뿶뫍쿠맘펰쿬틲쯘ꆣ평폚룃뗷닩냼삨쿪뺡뗄뻓쏱죋뿚톧쳘헷ꆢ뺭볃짧믡믮뚯뗈랽쏦뗄쫽뻝,틲듋튲돉캪뛔룶죋캢맛탐캪퇐뺿뗄훘튪쫽뻝살풴ꆣCHNS쫽뻝쫇퓚쇉쓾ꆢ뫚쇺붭ꆢ붭쯕ꆢ즽뚫ꆢ뫓쓏ꆢ뫾놱ꆢ뫾쓏ꆢ맣컷ꆢ맳훝뗈9룶쪡럝춨맽럖닣쯦믺돩퇹좷뚨쇋듳풼4400룶볒춥,짦벰떽풼19000룶뗷닩뛔쿳ꆣ뗷닩듓1989쓪뾪쪼,릲믱뗃쇋1989쓪ꆢ1991쓪ꆢ1993쓪ꆢ1997쓪ꆢ2000쓪ꆢ2004쓪ꆢ2006쓪뗈7룶쓪럝뗄쫽뻝ꆣ평폚CHNS쫽뻝뗄럖닣쯦믺돩퇹ꆢ듳퇹놾ꆢ쏦냥쫽뻝(paneldata)뗈폅솼탔훊,쯹틔돉캪놾퇐뺿뗄믹뒡쫽뻝ꆣ캪쇋맀볆릤닮틬,컒쏇쫗쿈탨튪뫢솿릤뗄횸뇪ꆣCHNS쫽뻝뗄릤쫕죫평죽늿럖ퟩ돉:릤ꆢ늹쳹뫍붱뷰,컒쏇내퓂붫헢죽늿럖볓ퟜ탎돉룶죋뗄릤횸뇪ꆣ캪쇋뇣폚뇈뷏,컒쏇폃쿻럑컯볛횸쫽(CPI)붫쎿튻쓪뗄쫕죫뮻캪내헕2006쓪뗄늻뇤볛룱뫢솿뗄릤쫕죫ꆣ컒쏇뗄퇐뺿뛔쿳캪쓪쇤퓚18쯪떽60쯪횮볤뗄뻓쏱ꆣ룹뻝CHNS쫽뻝,컒쏇뛔릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뷸탐쇋뷧뚨ꆣ릫릲늿쏅냼삨:헾뢮믺맘ꆢ맺폐쫂튵떥캻뫍퇐뺿쯹(틔쿂볲돆맺폐쫂튵떥캻ꋙ)ꆣ럇릫릲늿쏅냼삨:맺폐웳튵;쿧헲쯹쫴킡벯쳥웳튵;쿘ꆢ쫐ꆢ쪡쯹쫴듳벯쳥웳튵;쮽펪ꆢ룶쳥웳튵;죽웳튵뗈ꆣ캪쇋횱맛뗘맛달릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤뇤뚯쟷쫆,컒쏇믦돶솽룶늿쏅뗄쪵볊욽뻹릤쟺쿟춼,볻춼1ꆣ듓춼1뿉횪,퓚1989쓪떽2006쓪,릫릲늿쏅릤뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬돊쿖쓦쟷쫆:1997ꋙ룹뻝1998쓪9퓂25죕춨맽뗄ꆶ쫂튵떥캻뗇볇맜샭퓝탐쳵샽ꆷ뗄맦뚨,쫂튵떥캻쫇횸맺볒캪쇋짧믡릫틦쒿뗄,평맺볒믺맘뻙냬믲헟웤쯻ퟩ횯샻폃맺폐닺뻙냬뗄,듓쫂뷌폽ꆢ뿆벼ꆢ컄뮯ꆢ컀짺뗈믮뚯뗄짧믡럾컱ퟩ횯ꆣ131' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
틼횾뎬ꆢ룊ꆡ샧:릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄쪵횤퇐뺿쓪틔잰,돽쇋1991쓪췢,웤폠쓪럝럇릫릲늿쏅뗄욽뻹릤룟폚릫릲늿쏅;2000쓪틔뫳,릫릲늿쏅뗄쪵볊릤뻹룟폚럇릫릲늿쏅,뛸쟒,듓퓶뎤싊살뾴,릫릲늿쏅튲뿬폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣ퓚춼1쏨쫶뗄쪱볤뛎쓚,훐맺헽뒦폚뺭볃훆뛈뿬쯙탍뗄쪱웚,쿠맘훆뛈뫍뺭볃뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯뫜듳ꆣ2000쓪틔잰,힡랿ꆢ튽쇆뗈훆뛈퓚릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅돊쿖뫜듳닮틬ꆣ떱쪱릫릲늿쏅뗄힡랿ꆢ튽쇆뗈럇믵뇒뗄쫕틦햼폐럇뎣훘튪뗄뗘캻,웤릤뻶뚨뫍릤닮틬돊쿖늻춬뗄쳘뗣ꆣ뇊헟(틼횾뎬ꆢ룊샧,2008)랢쿖,쓇튻뷗뛎럇믵뇒쫕틦뫍릤쫕죫횮볤듦퓚쿔훸뗄쳦듺맘쾵ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵,퓚2000쓪틔잰,캪쇋믱뗃힡랿ꆢ튽쇆뗈럇믵뇒쫕틦,죋쏇쓾뿉퓚릤쮮욽뷏뗍뗄릫릲늿힢:릤폃쿻럑컯볛횸쫽(CPI)뮻캪내헕2006쓪늻뇤볛룱뫢솿뗄쏅릤ퟷꆣ틲듋,퓚2000쓪틔잰,럇믵뇒쫕틦쪵볊퓂릤,떥캻캪풪ꆣ쫇샭뷢떱쪱릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬춼1ꆡ릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄욽뻹쪵볊릤뗄훘튪풭틲ꆣ뛸듋뫳,쯦ퟅ힡랿ꆢ튽쇆뗈훆뛈룄룯뗄훰늽췆탐,릫릲늿쏅뗄럇믵뇒쫕틦훰붥복킡,릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄닮틬튲돶쿖쇋뇤뮯ꆣ캪쇋퇐뺿솽룶늿쏅릤닮틬돶쿖뗄뇤뮯,컒쏇냑퇹놾럖캪1989쓪떽1997쓪ퟓ퇹놾뫍2000쓪떽2006쓪ퟓ퇹놾ꆣ컒쏇훘뗣퇐뺿뗚뛾룶ퟓ퇹놾훐솽룶늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,퓚CHNS쫽뻝훐냼삨쇋2000쓪ꆢ2004쓪뫍2006쓪릲3룶쓪럝뗄쫽뻝ꆣ쿂쏦컒쏇볲떥쏨쫶릫릲늿쏅뫍럇ꆡ뇭1릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄쏨쫶춳볆릫릲늿쏅뗄퇹놾믹릫릲늿쏅럇릫릲늿쏅헾뢮믺맘맺폐쫂튵떥캻놾쟩뿶ꆣ캪쇋룼볓N뻹횵N뻹횵N뻹횵쟥돾죏쪶늿쏅릤2000쓪뗄닮틬,컒쏇붫릫릤10368091292668181971412718143릲늿쏅럖캪헾뢮믺쓪쇤10363910626639190141234161맘뫍맺폐쫂튵떥캻쫜뷌폽쓪쿞103612165266912214129124솽룶늿쏅럖뇰쏨얮탔10360139266013514120138쫶,뷡맻볻뇭1ꆣ2004쓪평뇭1뿉틔뾴릤156110910745912471081371961158돶,듓죽룶늿쏅살쓪쇤1564116045941165137138137뾴,맺폐쫂튵떥캻쫜뷌폽쓪쿞1561319145914124137110159릤룟폚헾뢮믺얮탔1560131459014513710140맘,헾뢮믺맘릤2006쓪룟폚웤쯻럇릫릲늿릤1401502180498151211019341052193쏅ꆣ듋췢,퓚죽룶쓪쇤1404210649842152193440147ퟓ퇹놾훐,쓪쇤ꆢ탔쫜뷌폽쓪쿞1401414449815100193410133뇰뫍쫜뷌폽쓪쿞랽얮탔1400124498014519340138쏦튲듦퓚튻킩닮틬ꆣ뇭1캪솽룶늿쏅쪵볊욽뻹릤뗄쮮욽뇤솿,퓚쒣탍맀볆훐컒쏇쯹폃뗄쫇웤뛔쫽ꆣ웤쯻뇤솿컒쏇붫퓚탨튪쪱뷸탐쮵쏷ꆣ132' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
2009쓪뗚4웚죽ꆢ릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬컒쏇폃Heckman뗄퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍뛔릤랽돌뷸탐맀볆ꆣ쫗쿈,폃Probit쒣탍뛔늿쏅톡퓱랽돌뷸탐맀볆,좻뫳룹뻝뷡맻쯣돶쓦쏗샕뇈싊ꛋ,ퟮ뫳퓚릤랽돌훐틽죫ꛋ뷸탐믘맩ꆣ캪쇋뾼달릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄뇤뮯쟷쫆,컒쏇퓚1989쓪떽1997쓪뫍2000쓪떽2006쓪솽룶ퟓ퇹놾훐럖뇰뷸탐맀볆ꆣ뇭2쫇뛔1989쓪떽1997쓪ퟓ퇹놾뗄맀볆뷡맻ꆣ뇭2릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬:1989ꆪ1997쓪PooledOLS(1Heckman)PooledOLS(2)RandomEffects(3)쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSEꛋ-010194011193010187011290릫릲늿쏅33-01330350010179-0103520101793-010290010177쫜뷌폽쓪쿞333010222010024013330212010067013330341010075뺭퇩333010314010025333010312010026333010326010030뺭퇩욽랽333333-010005010001-010005010001333-010005010001얮탔333-011858010144-013331861010145333-011729010133돇쫐ꋙ013331187010143013331160010210013331022010305뎣쫽513332337010533513332572011537333418276011671쪡럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYes쓪럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYesR2squared010806010806010787N106021060210602ꆡꆡ힢333:뇭쪾뷡맻퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸33;뇭쪾뷡맻퓚5%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸3;뇭쪾뷡맻퓚10%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸;뇭훐놨룦뗄뇪ힼ닮캪컈붡뇪ힼ컳닮(RobustStandardError)ꆣ틔쿂쿠춬ꆣ뇭2훐쫗쿈폃믬뫏OLS램뛔릤랽돌뷸탐쇋맀볆,좻뫳폃Heckman뗄솽뷗뛎랽램뛔릤랽돌뷸탐쇋맀볆,퓚뗚뛾뷗뛎뗄맀볆훐컒쏇폖럖뇰닉폃쇋믬뫏OLS뫍쯦믺킧펦쒣탍ꆣ듓뷡맻뿉틔횪뗀,퓚뗚뛾뷗뛎뗄솽룶맀볆쒣탍훐,ꛋ뗄쾵쫽늻쿔훸,헢뇭쏷퓚헢룶ퟓ퇹놾훐늻듦퓚톡퓱탔컳닮ꆣ퓚뗚(1)쇐믬뫏OLS뗄맀볆훐,릫릲늿쏅퇆뇤솿뗄쾵쫽캪-0104,퓚5%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ퓚뗚(2)쇐뫍뗚(3)쇐Heckman뗚뛾뷗뛎맀볆훐,릫릲늿쏅뗄쾵쫽럖뇰캪-0104뫍-0103,쿔훸탔쮮욽럖뇰캪5%뫍10%ꆣ헢뇭쏷,퓚1989쓪떽1997쓪웚볤,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤쿔훸뗍폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣ늻맽,솽룶늿쏅믵뇒릤닮뻠늢늻듳,듳풼캪3%ꆪ4%ꆣ쿂쏦럖컶2000쓪떽2006쓪ퟓ퇹놾훐릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,맀볆뷡맻볻뇭3ꆣ듓뇭3뷡맻뿉횪,퓚뗚뛾뷗뛎뗄솽룶맀볆쒣탍훐,ꛋ뗄쾵쫽뻹퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸,헢뇭쏷듦퓚톡퓱탔컳닮ꆣ틲듋,닉좡Heckman뗄퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍뛔릤랽돌맀볆쫇뇘튪뗄ꆣ듓뻟쳥뷡맻살뾴,퓚뗚(1)쇐뗄믬뫏OLS맀볆훐,릫릲늿쏅퇆뇤솿뗄쾵쫽캪18182%,퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ퓚Heckman쒣탍훐,뗚(2)쇐쫇폃믬뫏OLS뷸탐뗚뛾뷗뛎맀볆뗄뷡맻,릫릲늿쏅쾵쫽캪18133%,퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸;뗚(3)쇐쫇폃쯦믺킧펦쒣탍뷸탐뗚뛾뷗뛎맀볆뗄뷡맻,릫릲늿쏅뗄쾵쫽캪13148%,퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ틲듋,뇭2뗄뷡맻쿔쪾,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤쿔훸룟폚럇릫릲늿쏅,뎬맽뗄뇈샽퓚10%틔짏ꆣ뾼싇떽쯦믺킧펦쒣탍맀볆뗄탔훊뷏ퟮ킡뛾돋램뗄폅풽탔,컒쏇죏캪쯦믺킧펦쒣탍맀볆뷡맻룼캪뿉탅ꆣꋙ퓚CHNS쫽뻝훐,돇쫐놻뚨틥캪돇쫐벰붼쟸,폫쿘돇쿠뛔ꆣ133' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
틼횾뎬ꆢ룊ꆡ샧:릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭3릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬:2000ꆪ2006쓪PooledOLS(1Heckman)PooledOLS(2)RandomEffects(3)쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSEꛋ33-0131318010499333-012112010532릫릲늿쏅301331882010213013331833010214013331348010216쫜뷌폽쓪쿞01333047601003333301029801007301330196010079뺭퇩013330289010033013330239010038333010217010041뺭퇩욽랽-013330007010001-013330006010001-013330007010001얮탔33-0132519010196333-012574010197333-012772010235돇쫐013331725010197333011732010197013331604010238뎣쫽513334562010612333518439011574613330267011614쪡럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYes쓪럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYesR2squared011878011884011861N661966196619ꆡꆡ듓웤폠뇤솿살뾴,컒쏇뿘훆뗄뺭퇩ꆢ쫜뷌폽쓪쿞ꆢ탔뇰ꆢ뗘폲뗈뇤솿뛔릤뻹폐럇뎣쿔훸뗄펰쿬ꆣ듋췢,컒쏇뮹뿘훆쇋쪡럝ꆢ쓪럝뗈뇤솿,캪쇋뷚쪡욪럹,컒쏇쎻폐놨룦쿠맘뷡맻ꆣ틲듋,뇭3뗄뷡맻뇭쏷,ퟔ2000쓪틔살,훐맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤듦퓚쿔훸뗄릤닮틬,릫릲늿쏅듦퓚쏷쿔뗄릤틧볛ꆣ맘폚릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄룼뛠쾸뷚,컒쏇뷓쿂살붫훰튻첽쳖ꆣ틔쿂럖컶쯹폃뗄퇹놾캪2000쓪떽2006쓪뗄쪱볤쟸볤ꆣ캪쇋뷸튻늽뛔뇈솽룶늿ꆡ뇭4릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬(Heckman)쏅뗄릤닮틬,컒쏇붫퇹놾릫릲늿쏅럇릫릲늿쏅럖캪릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSE솽룶ퟓ퇹놾,럖컶뛾헟횮볤ꛋ-013331664010691-011243011026뗄닮틬(RobinsonandTomes,쫜뷌폽쓪쿞0133302890100860133305000101191984)ꆣ캪쇋뷚쪡욪럹,컒쏇뺭퇩013333302200100450130321010055횻놨룦쇋Heckman쒣탍뗚뛾뺭퇩욽랽333-01000301000133-0130008010001뷗뛎폃쯦믺킧펦쒣탍맀볆뗄얮탔-013331091010202333-013306010252뷡맻,볻뇭4ꆣ돇쫐333011857010348333011683010347뇭4뗄뷡맻쿔쪾,퓚릫뎣쫽513339129011872333518414011162릲늿쏅뗄맀볆뷡맻훐뗄쾵쫽쪡럝퇆뇤솿YesYes퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸,쓪럝퇆뇤솿YesYes헢쮵쏷듦퓚퇹놾톡퓱컳닮ꆣR2squared013185011501퓚럇릫릲늿쏅뗄맀볆뷡맻N23404279훐,뗄쾵쫽늻쿔훸,뇭쏷늻듦퓚퇹놾톡퓱컳닮ꋙꆣ듓뇤솿뗄맀볆쾵쫽살뾴,뷌폽뫍릤ퟷ뺭퇩퓚릫릲늿쏅뗄믘놨럖뇰캪2189%뫍ꋙ헢훖닮틬,랴펳쇋퇹놾톡퓱훐뗄틬훊탔(Heterogeneity)ꆣ볲떥뗘쮵,퓚톡퓱릫릲늿쏅폫럇릫릲늿쏅쪱,퇹놾훐춬쪱듦퓚솽샠죋:릤횻쫇튻늿럖죋톡퓱늿쏅쪱뾼싇뗄틲쯘(톡퓱쫇쓚짺뗄),뛸뛔쇭튻늿럖죋퓲늢늻훘튪(톡퓱쫇췢짺뗄)ꆣ볻GanandWang(2009)ꆣ134' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
2009쓪뗚4웚2120%,퓚럇릫릲늿쏅뗄믘놨럖뇰캪5100%뫍3121%,벴릫릲늿쏅뗍폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣ헢뿉쓜랴펳쇋릫릲늿쏅뗄릤룼캪욽뻹,늿쏅쓚뗄릤닮뻠뷏킡ꆣ듓릤뗄탔뇰닮틬살뾴,퓚릫릲늿쏅,쓐얮릤닮틬캪10191%,퓚럇릫릲늿쏅,쓐얮릤닮틬듯떽33106%ꆣ틲듋,뺡맜솽룶늿쏅뚼듦퓚얮탔릤쿔훸뗍폚쓐탔뗄쿖쿳,떫쫇퓚럇릫릲늿쏅쓐탔폫얮탔횮볤뗄릤닮뻠풶풶듳폚릫릲늿쏅뗄닮뻠ꆣ헢뿉틔뷢쫍캪쪲쎴얮탔룼볓샖틢떽릫릲늿쏅릤ퟷꆣퟜ쳥살뾴,릫릲늿쏅쓚뗄릤닮뻠킡폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣDisneyetal(1998)랢쿖,펢맺릫릲늿쏅뗄릤ퟷ훷튪쫇럇쳥솦샍뚯,쯹틔폐뫜룟뗄튵뫍횪쪶벼쓜튪쟳,뛸헢뿉쓜쫇릫릲늿쏅듦퓚릤틧볛뗄풭틲ꆣ캪듋,컒쏇뷸튻늽럖컶듳틔짏톧샺죋좺퓚릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,맀볆뷡맻볻뇭5ꆣ뇭5듳틔짏톧샺뗄릤닮틬PooledOLS(1)HeckmanPooledOLS(2)RandomEffects(3)쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSEꛋ-113332217012679-013339674012597릫릲늿쏅33011353010581330111670105753010946010590뺭퇩013330368010079-010033010117010026010119뺭퇩욽랽-013330006010002010000010003010000010003얮탔-010702010434333-01162001049533-0131625010470돇쫐333011830010504013333939010675333013515010751뎣쫽613330744010977613339858012226333618068012241쪡럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYes쓪럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYesR2squared012803012959012933N866866866ꆡꆡ뇭5뗚(1)쇐쫇믬뫏OLS맀볆뗄뷡맻,릫릲늿쏅룟돶럇릫릲늿쏅13153%ꆣ퓚Heckman쒣탍뗚뛾뷗뛎뗄맀볆훐,믬뫏OLS뫍쯦믺킧펦쒣탍훐뗄쾵쫽뚼퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸,헢뇭쏷쒣탍듦퓚퇹놾톡퓱컳닮ꆣ퓚뗚뛾뷗뛎믬뫏OLS맀볆훐,릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄듳톧짺릤닮틬11167%,퓚쯦믺킧펦쒣탍맀볆훐,릤닮틬복킡캪9146%ꆣ욽뻹살뾴,듳톧짺퓚릫릲늿쏅뿉틔믱뗃룼룟뗄릤,헢뿉틔늿럖뷢쫍뷼쓪릫컱풱놨뾼죈뗄쿖쿳ꆣ캪쇋맛달늻춬쓪럝솽룶늿쏅릤뗄닮틬,컒쏇훰쓪뷸탐맀볆,뷡맻볻뇭6ꆣ뇭6늻춬쓪럝뗄릤닮틬(Heckman)2000쓪(2)2004쓪(3)2006쓪(4)쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSEꛋ0131647010879-010034010916010728010942릫릲늿쏅013331207010304333012178010395013333471010439쫜뷌폽쓪쿞333010480010101013330405010154013330739010185뺭퇩333013024901005601330254010062013330417010073뺭퇩욽랽333-010004010001-013330005010001-013330011010002얮탔-013331933010271333-011961010332-013333565010389돇쫐333011180010328333012207010394333012398010430뎣쫽513334221012511333517162013490513331731014190쪡럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYesR2squared010998011859012582N267915842356135' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
틼횾뎬ꆢ룊ꆡ샧:릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄쪵횤퇐뺿ꆡꆡ듓뇭6뗄뷡맻뿉횪,퓚2000쓪쫽뻝뗄맀볆훐,쾵쫽퓚10%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸,뇭쏷듦퓚퇹놾톡퓱컳닮,2004쓪뫍2006쓪뗄쫽뻝뻹늻듦퓚톡퓱컳닮ꆣ2000쓪ꆢ2004쓪뫍2006쓪릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬럖뇰캪12107%ꆢ21178%뫍34171%,뚼퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ듓쫽횵살뾴,듓2000쓪떽2006쓪,릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬폐삩듳뗄쟷쫆,헢폫컒쏇듓춼1맛달뗄쿖쿳튻훂ꆣ짏쏦뗄럖컶쿔쪾,컒맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬돊쿖탂뗄뇤뮯쟷쫆,1990쓪듺벰틔잰릫릲늿쏅릤뗍폚럇릫릲늿쏅,뛸ퟔ2000쓪틔살,솽룶늿쏅뗄릤닮틬돶쿖쓦,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤쿔훸룟폚럇릫릲늿쏅,쟒닮틬돊삩듳첬쫆ꆣ헢튻쿖쿳놳뫳뗄풭틲횵뗃맘힢ꆣ맘폚릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄풭틲,튻냣폐틔쿂벸훖뷢쫍(Disney,2007):튻쫇릫릲늿쏅횰캻뷡릹쳘뗣뗄늻춬,뛾쫇벤샸믺훆뗄닮틬,죽쫇쫐뎡뷡릹뗄늻춬,쯄쫇릤죋뗄톡퓱욫뫃,컥쫇탍맺볒훐헽맦뫍럇헽맦늿쏅뗄닮틬뗈ꆣ컒쏇횪뗀,튻냣뛸퇔,릫릲늿쏅쫇럇뺺헹탔뗄,뛸럇릫릲늿쏅,벴쮽죋늿쏅쫇뺺헹탔뗄늿쏅ꆣ퓚컒맺,쯦ퟅ1990쓪듺훐맺쫐뎡뮯뷸돌뗄볓뿬,쮽죋늿쏅뗄뺺헹탔훰붥퓶잿ꆣ뻍릤뻶뚨믺훆살뾴,쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤쫇쫐뎡뺺헹뗄뷡맻,뛸릫릲늿쏅뗄릤좴쫇평헾뢮헾닟횱뷓뻶뚨ꆣퟔ1998쓪틔살,헾뢮뛠듎쳡룟릫릲늿쏅뗄릤쮮욽,뛸뺺헹탔뗄쮽죋늿쏅릤늢쎻폐쯦횮뛸춬늽뇤뮯ꆣ헢뿉쓜쫇컒쏇맛달떽뗄릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅닮틬뗄튻룶훘튪풭틲ꆣ쯄ꆢ늻춬늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬퓚컒쏇뗄럖컶훐,릫릲늿쏅평헾뢮믺맘뫍맺폐쫂튵떥캻릹돉,틲듋,컒쏇쿂쏦럖뇰쳖싛헾뢮믺맘뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,맺폐쫂튵떥캻폫럇릫릲늿쏅릤뗄닮틬,틔벰헾뢮믺맘뫍맺폐쫂튵떥캻횮볤뗄릤닮틬ꆣ(튻)헾뢮믺맘뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬컒쏇쫗쿈뾼달헾뢮믺맘뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬,쯹폃랽램죔좻캪Heckman뗄퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍,뇭7쫇맀볆뷡맻ꆣ뇭7헾뢮믺맘뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬PooledOLS(1Heckman)PooledOLS(2)RandomEffects(3)쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSEꛋ33-011204010605-01331473010621헾뢮믺맘01333074101027733301078201027701330567010283쫜뷌폽쓪쿞01333044301003933301026401009401330196010097뺭퇩013330287010037013330234010045333010249010047뺭퇩욽랽333-0133330007010001-010007010001-01330007010001얮탔-01333332902010224333-012821010227-0132783010207돇쫐013333161601022933301148001023701331457010300뎣쫽513335733010706333519552012017613330757011978쪡럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYes쓪럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYesR2squared011501011506011495N554155415541ꆡꆡ듓뇭7뗄뷡맻뿉횪,퓚믬뫏OLS맀볆훐,헾뢮믺맘뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬캪7141%,퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ퓚Heckman뗚뛾뷗뛎뗄맀볆훐,ꛋ뗄쾵쫽뻹퓚5%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸,헢뇭쏷136' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
2009쓪뗚4웚듦퓚퇹놾톡퓱컳닮ꆣ퓚뗚(2)쇐믬뫏OLS뗄맀볆뷡맻훐,헾뢮믺맘뗄릤뇈럇릫릲늿쏅룟돶7182%,퓚10%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ퓚뗚(3)쇐캪쯦믺킧펦쒣탍맀볆뗄뷡맻,헾뢮믺맘뇈럇릫릲늿쏅릤룟돶5167%,퓚5%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ죽룶쒣탍뗄맀볆뷡맻튻훂뇭쏷,헾뢮믺맘뇈럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤튪룟ꆣ뾼싇떽늻뿉맛닢틲쯘뗄듦퓚뫍펰쿬,컒쏇죏캪쯦믺킧펦쒣탍뗄맀볆뷡맻룼볓뿉뾿,벴헾뢮늿쏅뇈럇릫릲늿쏅릤룟돶풼6%ꆣ(뛾)맺폐쫂튵떥캻뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬뷓쿂살,컒쏇뾼달맺폐쫂튵떥캻뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬,맀볆뷡맻볻뇭8ꆣ뇭8맺폐쫂튵떥캻뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬PooledOLS(1Heckman)PooledOLS(2)RandomEffects(3)쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSEꛋ-010576010605-010554010619헾뢮믺맘333012828010252013332796010252333012460010252쫜뷌폽쓪쿞013330491010040333010412010097013330367010100뺭퇩333010278010038333010256010045013330294010047뺭퇩욽랽-013330007010001333-010007010001-013330008010001얮탔33333-012837010226-0132914010238333-013009010223돇쫐333013319040102310131978010245333011996010309뎣쫽333335151230107055137080012225333518515012243쪡럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYes쓪럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYesR2squared011997011998011980N535753575357ꆡꆡ듓뇭8뗄뷡맻뿉횪,퓚Heckman뗚뛾뷗뛎뗄맀볆훐,ꛋ뗄쾵쫽뻹늻쿔훸,헢뇭쏷늻듦퓚퇹놾톡퓱컳닮ꆣ퓚쯦믺킧펦쒣탍맀볆훐,맺폐쫂튵떥캻뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬캪24160%,퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ뛔뇈뇭7뫍뇭8뗄뷡맻뿉횪,맺폐쫂튵떥캻폫럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬풶풶듳폚헾뢮믺맘뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬ꆣ캪쇋뷸튻늽뾼달릫릲늿쏅쓚늿뗄릤닮틬,컒쏇럖컶헾뢮믺맘뫍맺폐쫂튵떥캻뗄릤닮틬ꆣ(죽)헾뢮믺맘뫍맺폐쫂튵떥캻뗄릤닮틬쿂쏦컒쏇뾼달릫릲늿쏅쓚늿,벴헾뢮믺맘뫍맺폐쫂튵떥캻뗄릤닮틬,뷡맻볻뇭9ꆣ뇭9뗄뷡맻쿔쪾,퓚믬뫏OLS맀볆훐,헾뢮믺맘뗄릤뇈맺폐쫂튵떥캻뗍8165%,퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸ꆣ뗚(2)쇐퓚Heckman뗚뛾뷗뛎폃믬뫏OLS맀볆훐,ꛋ쾵쫽늻쿔훸ꆣ뗚(3)쇐퓚Heckman뗚뛾뷗뛎폃쯦믺킧펦쒣탍맀볆뫳,ꛋ쾵쫽퓚1%뗄훃탅쮮욽쿂쿔훸,뇭쏷듦퓚퇹놾톡퓱ꆣ뗚(3)쇐뗄뷡맻쿔쪾,헾뢮믺맘뇈맺폐쫂튵떥캻릤욽뻹뗍8122%,쿔훸탔쮮욽캪1%ꆣ틲듋,뇭9뗄뷡맻뇭쏷,퓚릫릲늿쏅쓚늿튲듦퓚럇뎣쿔훸뗄릤닮틬,맺폐쫂튵떥캻뗄릤쿔훸룟폚헾뢮믺맘ꆣ맘폚릫릲늿쏅쓚늿릤닮틬뗄풭틲,컒쏇럖컶뿉쓜폫컒맺늻춬릫릲늿쏅뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆닮틬폐맘ꆣ뇈죧헾뢮늿쏅뗄릤쫇평닆헾좫뛮늦뿮,뛸튻킩쫂튵떥캻,죧톧킣ꆢ튽풺뗈,퓲쫇평헾뢮늿럖늦뿮,웤폠늿럖평떥캻ퟔ돯ꆣ평폚헢킩떥캻췹췹폐쒳킩슢뛏뗄풴,쯻쏇뿉틔춨맽헢킩풴믱뗃쫕죫틔돯벯횰릤뗄릤,뛸쟒릤뗄뻶뚨튲룼볓쇩믮,쯻쏇룟폚헾뢮늿쏅튲뻍늻쓑샭뷢ꆣ137' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
틼횾뎬ꆢ룊ꆡ샧:릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭9헾뢮믺맘뫍맺폐쫂튵떥캻뗄릤닮틬PooledOLS(1Heckman)PooledOLS(2)RandomEffects(3)쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSE쾵쫽RSEꛋ-010655010685333-011609010686헾뢮믺맘-013330865010307333-010859010307333-010822010287쫜뷌폽쓪쿞333010547010041013330480010070333010332010076뺭퇩013330276010040333010247010051013330200010050뺭퇩욽랽-013330004010001333-01000301000133-0130002010001얮탔-013331098010239333-011023010251333-010895010220돇쫐013331953010244333011788010288013331505010380뎣쫽333513886010822513335515011757333517719011878쪡럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYes쓪럝퇆뇤솿YesYesYesR2squared013219013221013199N234023402340컥ꆢ뷡ꆡ싛믹폚CHNS쫽뻝,놾컄뛔컒맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤,틔벰릫릲늿쏅쓚늿헾뢮늿쏅뫍맺폐쫂튵떥캻횮볤뗄릤닮틬뷸탐쇋쾵춳퇐뺿ꆣ놾컄폃Heckman뗄퇹놾톡퓱쒣탍뛔솽룶늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬뷸탐쇋퇐뺿ꆣ컒쏇랢쿖퓚1989쓪떽1997쓪퇹놾훐,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤뇈럇릫릲늿쏅뗍2190%,떫쫇퓚2000쓪떽2006쓪퇹놾훐,릫릲늿쏅뗄릤쿔훸룟폚럇릫릲늿쏅,릤닮틬듯떽13148%ꆣ헢뇭쏷,ퟔ1989쓪떽2006쓪,컒맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬돊쿖쓦쟷쫆ꆣ컒쏇뷸튻늽뛔2000쓪떽2006쓪쪱볤쟸볤뗄퇹놾뷸탐쇋훘뗣퇐뺿ꆣ붫ퟜ퇹놾럖캪릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅럖뇰뷸탐맀볆뫳랢쿖,뷌폽뫍릤ퟷ뺭퇩퓚릫릲늿쏅뗄믘놨뻹뗍폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣ듓릤뗄탔뇰닮틬살뾴,퓚릫릲늿쏅,쓐얮릤닮틬캪10191%,퓚럇릫릲늿쏅,쓐얮릤닮틬듯떽33106%ꆣ틲듋,릫릲늿쏅쓚뗄릤닮뻠킡폚럇릫릲늿쏅ꆣ뛔듳틔짏톧샺퇹놾퇐뺿뗄뷡맻쿔쪾,듳틔짏톧샺뗄룶죋퓚릫릲늿쏅뗄릤뇈럇릫릲늿쏅룟9146%ꆣ듓늻춬쓪럝뚯첬뗘뾴,릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬퓚2000쓪ꆢ2004쓪뫍2006쓪럖뇰캪12107%ꆢ21178%ꆢ34171%,닮틬돊삩듳쟷쫆ꆣ컒쏇죏캪,컒맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬뿉쓜살ퟔ폚릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄닮틬ꆣ쮽죋늿쏅뗄릤쫇쫐뎡뺺헹뗄뷡맻,뛸릫릲늿쏅뗄릤좴쫇평헾뢮헾닟횱뷓뻶뚨ꆣퟔ1998쓪틔살,헾뢮뛠듎닉좡듫쪩쳡룟릫릲늿쏅뗄릤쮮욽,뛸뺺헹탔뗄쮽죋늿쏅릤늢쎻폐쯦횮뛸춬늽뇤뮯ꆣ헢뿉쓜쫇컒쏇맛달떽뗄릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅닮틬뗄튻룶훘튪풭틲ꆣ놾컄뷸튻늽퇐뺿쇋헾뢮믺맘ꆢ맺폐쫂튵떥캻뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬ꆣ컒쏇랢쿖,헾뢮믺맘뇈럇릫릲늿쏅릤룟돶5167%,맺폐쫂튵떥캻뇈럇릫릲늿쏅릤룟돶24160%,헾뢮믺맘뇈맺폐쫂튵떥캻릤뗍8122%ꆣ헢뷸튻늽뷒쪾쇋릫릲늿쏅쓚늿ꆢ릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅횮볤뗄릤닮틬ꆣ춬퇹,릫릲늿쏅쓚늿릤닮틬뗄풭틲,튲뿉쓜풴폚컒맺늻춬릫릲늿쏅뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄닮틬ꆣ틲듋,컒쏇뗄퇐뺿뷡맻뇭쏷,컒맺릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅뗄릤닮틬돶쿖쇋횵뗃힢틢뗄뇤뮯,폈웤쫇2000쓪틔살,릫릲늿쏅뛔럇릫릲늿쏅듦퓚훰붥삩듳뗄릤틧볛ꆣ죧맻뾼싇릫릲늿쏅뗄럇믵138' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
2009쓪뗚4웚뇒쫕틦ꆢ릤ퟷ뗄뗍럧쿕탔뗈틲쯘,릫릲늿쏅쿠뛔럇릫릲늿쏅뗄뇈뷏폅쫆펦룃룼듳ꆣ캪쇋놣헏헻룶짧믡뗄뫍킳랢햹,뷸튻늽샭쮳쫕죫럖엤쳥쾵,헢쫇헾닟훆뚨헟펦룃룟뛈훘쫓뗄튻룶컊쳢ꆣ닎뾼컄쿗엋쪿풶,2007ꆶ:쎳틗ퟔ평뮯ꆢ폐욫뗄톧쾰킧펦폫랢햹훐맺볒뗄릤닮틬ꆷꆶ,뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ뗚6웚ꆣ췵쏀퇞,2005aꆶ:훐맺돇쫐샍뚯솦쫐뎡짏뗄탔뇰릤닮틬ꆷꆶ,뺭볃퇐뺿ꆷ뗚12웚ꆣ췵쏀퇞,2005bꆶ:돇쫐샍뚯솦쫐뎡짏뗄뻍튵믺믡폫릤닮틬ꆪꆪꆪ췢살샍뚯솦뻍튵폫놨돪퇐뺿ꆷꆶ,훐맺짧믡뿆톧ꆷ뗚5웚ꆣ틼횾뎬ꆢ룊샧,2008ꆶ:럇믵뇒쫕틦ꆢ릤닮틬뫍뷌폽믘놨ꆷ,릤ퟷ싛컄,컷쓏닆뺭듳톧ꆣ훓킦몮,2006ꆶ:샍뚯솦쇷뚯폫릤닮틬ꆷꆶ,훐맺짧믡뿆톧ꆷ뗚1웚ꆣ훜웤죊,2006ꆶ:릫컱풱뗄쫕죫욫룟쇋ꆷ,FT훐컄췸5퓂30죕ꆣAdamchik,,ArjunS.,2000,ꆰWageDifferentialsBetweenthePublicandthePrivateSectors:EvidencefromAnEconomyinTransitionꆱ,LabourEconomics,7,ꆪ,,Morton.,1983,ꆰEarningsDeterminationandLaborMarketsꆱ,JournalofDevelopmentEconomics,12Feb.ΠApr.,ꆪ,R.,Goodman,,,C.,1998,ꆰPublicPayinthe1990sꆱ,,London:,Richard.,2007,ꆰPublic2privateSectorWageDifferentialsAroundtheWorld:MethodsandEvidenceꆱ,WorkingPaper,UniversityofNottingham,,,ꆰLongitudinalAnalysisoftheEffectsofTradeUnionsꆱ,JournalofLaborEconomics,2,1,ꆪ,,,ꆰASwitchingRegressionModelforWageDeterminantsinthePublicandPrivateSectorsofaDevelopingCountryꆱ,ReviewofEconomicsandStatistics,70,May,ꆪ,Li,andYingningWang,2009,ꆰNeighborhoodEffects,ResidentialMobility,andEducationAttainmentofBlacksandWhitesꆱ,WorkingPaper,DepartmentofEconomics,TexasA&,,ꆰEarningsDifferentialsbetweenthePublicandPrivateSectorsꆱ,CanadianJournalofEconomics,,,ꆪ,JosephandTracy,,ꆰAnAnalysisofPublic2andPrivate2SectorWagesAllowingforEndogenousChoicesofBothGovernmentandUnionStatusꆱ.JournalofLaborEconomics6,April.,ꆪ,,ꆰTheCommonStructureofStatisticalModelsofTruncation,SampleSelection,andLimitedDependentVariablesandaSimpleEstimatorforSuchModelsꆱ,AnnalsofEconomicandSocialMeasurement,5,ꆪ,,ꆰEstimationandTestingoftheUnionWageEffectUsingPanelDataꆱ,ReviewofEconomicStudies,58,ꆪ,,,ꆰChangesintheStructureofWagesinthePublicandPrivateSectorsꆱ,workingpaper#282,IndustrialRelationSection,PrincetonUinversity,,,ꆰArePublicSectorWorkersPaidMorethanTheirAlternativeWage?EvidencefromLongitudinalDataandJobQueuesꆱ,InWhenPublicSectorWorkersUnionize,,Chicago:,,ꆰThePublicΠPrivateWageDifferentialinaPoorUrbanEconomyꆱ,JournalofDevelopmentEconomics,,1983,ꆪ,,ꆰAReexaminationoftheFederal2PrivateWageDifferentialintheUnitedStatesꆱ,JournalofLaborEconomics,,.,ꆪ,,ꆰPublic2privateSectorWageDifferentialsinCanada:EvidencefromQuantileRegressionsꆱ,EconomicsLetters,60,ꆪ,P.,Schmidt2SorensenJ.,Smith,,,ꆰWageDifferentialsBetweenthePublicandPrivateSectorsꆱ,JournalofPublicEconomics,41,ꆪ,George.,1985,ꆰReturnstoEducation:AFurtherInternationalUpdateandImplicationsꆱ,JournalofHumanResources,20,Fall,ꆪ,Chris,andTomes,Nigel,1984,ꆰUnionWageDifferentialsinthePublicandPrivateSector:ASimultaneousEquationsSpecificationꆱ,JournalofLaborEconomics2,Jan.,ꆪ,,ꆰPayDifferentialsbetweenFederalGovernmentandPrivate2SectorWorkersꆱ,IndustrialandLaborRelationsReview29,January:ꆪ' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
틼횾뎬ꆢ룊ꆡ샧:릫릲늿쏅뫍럇릫릲늿쏅릤닮틬뗄쪵횤퇐뺿VanOphem,,ꆰAModifiedSwitchingRegressionModelforEarningsDifferentialsbetweenthePublicandPrivateSectorsintheNetherlandsꆱ,ReviewofEconomicsandStatistics,75,ꆪ,,ꆰNonprofitandProprietarySectorBehavior:WageDifferentialsamongLawyersꆱ,JournalofLaborEconomics,,,Jul.,ꆪ&2inZhichaoandGanL1i(11SouthwesternUniversityofFinanceandEconomics;21TexasA&MUniversity)Abstract:UsingCHNSdataandtheHeckmansamplesectionmodel,,wagesinthepublicsectorare2190%,since2000,wagesinthepublicsectorare13148%higherthanonesinthenon2publicsector,:wagesinthegovernmentare8122%,:WageDifferentials;PublicSector;NonpublicSector;IncomeDistributionJELClassification:J310,J450,J710(퓰죎뇠벭:돉ꆡ퇔)(킣뛔:ퟓꆡ)(짏뷓뗚27튳)Taylor,.ꆰLowInflation,Pass2through,andthePricingPowerofFirmsꆱ,EuropeanEconomicReview,44(7):1389ꆪ,2007ꆰ,ThePatternofExchangeRateEffectsonChinesePrices,1980ꆪ2002ꆱ,ReviewofInternationalEconomics,15(4).ExchangeRatePass2through:TheCaseofChinaWangJinbinandLiNan(SchoolofEconomics,RenminUniversityofChina)Abstract:Thispaperinvestigatesthedegreeofexchangeratepass2through(ERPT)toimportandconsumerpricesinChinawithboththeratioofChinaꆯsimportstoGDPandthedomesticpricesofChinaꆯ,,,:ExchangeRatePass2through;CostMark2up;CPIJELClassification:F41,F12,E31(퓰죎뇠벭:폈ꆡ탾)(킣뛔:ퟓꆡ)140' 1994-2009 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
