뗚35뻭뗚3웚쯄뒨쪦랶듳톧톧놨(짧믡뿆톧냦),쓪5퓂JournalofSichuanNormalUniversity(SocialSciencesEdition)May,2008탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧훐뗄샭탔톡퓱샭싛듷ꆡ퇯(쯄뒨듳톧탐헾맜샭톧쾵,돉뚼610064)ꆡꆡ햪튪:탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧훐뗄샭탔톡퓱샭싛(폖돆샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥)쫇20쫀볍80쓪듺컷랽헾훎톧뷧탋웰뗄튻룶샭싛쇷엉ꆣ쒿잰,쯼틑퓚컷랽헾훎톧폈웤쫇쏀맺헾훎톧훐햼뻝ퟅ훷떼뗘캻ꆣ듓샺쪷믘맋폫쿖쪵맛헕솽룶닣쏦짏,쫔춼릴샕돶컷랽샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄췪헻뮭쏦:샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥쫇쪲쎴?샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥퇐뺿뷢뻶쇋헾훎톧훐뗄쓄킩컊쳢?샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄랢햹잰뺰죧뫎?맘볼듊:탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧;샭탔톡퓱;샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥;컷랽헾훎톧훐춼럖샠뫅:D09115;F0911349ꆡ컄쿗뇪횾싫:Aꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:100025315(2008)0320027204ꆡꆡ헾훎톧훐뗄샭탔톡퓱튻냣폐솽룶닣쏦뗄몬틥ꆣ웤튻,쫇튻ꆡ샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥쫇쪲쎴?ퟷ캪튻훖퇐뺿램ꆣꆰ헾훎톧훐뗄쯹캽퇐뺿램,쫇퇐뺿헾훎쿖튪얪쟥샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥쫇쪲쎴,쫗쿈탨튪쇋뷢헾훎톧쿳뗄믹놾햽싔ꆣꆭꆭ퇐뺿램볈뻟폐웴랢탔뗄릦쓜,폖뿉틔웰폫뺭볃톧훐쯹샭뷢뗄샭탔ꆣ쒿잰,뻸듳뛠쫽뚨틥뚼첸떽샭탔뷢쫍뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ헢튲뻍쫇쮵,퇐뺿램뿉틔쳡릩룅쓮뿲볜,믲짵뗄탐캪믲탐뚯;틲뛸,횻튪죋쏇뗄탐뚯뫏뫵샭탔,쯻쏇뻍쫇샭훁닉좡쒣탍믲룅쓮쳥쾵뗄탎쪽,믲헟뮹뿉틔돉캪헾훎샭싛탎탔뗄죋ꆣ헽죧냂뛻즭횸돶뗄쓇퇹,떱튻룶죋펦폃쯻죏캪ꆰ벴돉뗄뚯솦ꆱ[1]227ꆣ퓚헢튻닣쏦짏,톧뷧튻냣돆웤캪샭탔톡퓱폐킧싊폖폐킧맻뗄쫖뛎ힷ쟳웤쒿뇪ꆱ쪱,쯻뗄탐캪뻍쫇샭탔샭싛(웤훐샭탔톡퓱랽램ꆢ샭탔톡퓱쒣탍틔벰샭탔톡퓱훆뛈뗄[2]18ꆣ싞늮쳘ꆤ듯뛻뫍닩뛻쮹ꆤ쇖뗂늼싥쒷뛔샭탔탐캪훷틥뚼쫴튻룶탲쇐뗄룅쓮)ꆣ웤뛾,쫇ퟷ캪헾훎톧뿆쪷훐뗄튲ퟶ쇋뇭쫶:ꆰꆮ볙뚨쒿뇪폫헦쪵쫀뷧볈뚨늻뇤,튻훖샭탔뗄튻룶쇷엉ꆣ틲웤짦벰늩?싛뫍샭탔탐뚯헟샭싛,늢쟒쫇퓚컼탐뚯뻍쫇뗃떽헽좷짨볆,늢쓜ퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘쪵쿖쒿뇪뗄탐뚯ꆣꆯ쫕뫍룄퓬뺭볃톧탂훆뛈훷틥뗄믹뒡짏탎돉뗄,틲듋톧뷧돆횮틲듋,죧맻쒳룶죋퓚ힷ쟳웤쒿뇪쪱뺡뿉쓜뗘ힷ쟳룟킧싊,쓇캪샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥톧엉ꆣ뷼살퓚헾훎톧쇬폲훐,튻늿럖톧쎴쯼뻍쫇룶샭탔뗄죋ꆣꆱ[1]180헟캪잿뗷샭탔톡퓱톧엉뛔뒫춳훆뛈훷틥뗄볌돐뫍뛔뺭볃톧웤듎,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄믹놾볙짨훷튪짦벰죽룶랽탂훆뛈훷틥뗄룄퓬,폖붫룃톧엉돆횮캪샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥ꆣ쏦:(1)룶쳥쫇헾훎맽돌뗄뫋탄탐뚯헟,룶쳥햹뾪샭탔탐뚯뇈죧,뇋뗃ꆤ믴뛻뫍싞쮹싪샲ꆤCꆤ첩샕(,뗄쒿뇪쫇룶죋킧폃ퟮ듳뮯;(2)훆뛈쫇탎쯜ퟅ룶쳥탐캪뗄맦)붫탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧뮮럖캪죽룶쇷엉:퓲벯뫏쳥,ꆰퟩ횯믲훆뛈뗄샺쪷뫜짙믲벸뫵늻믡폐쪲쎴펰쿬,샺쪷훆뛈훷틥ꆢ샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뫍짧믡톧훆뛈훷틥ꆣ탂짨볆돶뗄훆뛈쓜릻쟡틗듸살탐캪뗄룄뇤ꆱ;(3)룶쳥뛔폚놾컄ퟅ훘첽쳖뗄쫇탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧훐뗄샭탔톡퓱톧훆뛈(풼쫸믲벤샸)쓜릻ퟶ돶샭탔뗄랴펦,늢쟒듳뛠쫽룶쳥엉,횼퓚듓샺쪷믘맋폫쿖쪵맛헕솽룶닣쏦짏,릴샕돶샭탔톡뚼믡틔춬퇹뗄랽쪽뛔훆뛈ퟶ돶랴펦[3]79ꆣ퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄췪헻뮭쏦:샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥쫇쪲쎴?샭탔톡퓙듎,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥쯹쫔춼뷢뻶뗄컊쳢훷튪냼삨:퓱훆뛈훷틥퇐뺿믲헟쮵뷢뻶쇋헾훎톧훐뗄쓄킩컊쳢?샭탔(1)ꆰ듳뛠쫽샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥헟뚼쫔춼좥뷢뻶ꆮ낢싞늻뿉톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄랢햹잰뺰죧뫎?쓜뚨샭ꆯ훐쯹쳡돶뗄벯쳥펦룃죧뫎뷸탐뻶닟,틔퓚늻쪹폃잿쫕룥죕웚:2007209228믹뷰쿮쒿:쯄뒨듳톧쟠쓪믹뷰쿮쒿ꆣퟷ헟볲뷩:듷퇯(1979ꆪ),얮,훘쟬쫐죋,늩쪿,쯄뒨듳톧탐헾맜샭톧쾵붲쪦,훷튪퇐뺿랽쿲:헾훎톧샭싛(탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧),헾뢮뺭볃톧ꆣ27' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ쯄뒨쪦랶듳톧톧놨(짧믡뿆톧냦)훆탔좨췾뗄쟩뿶쿂싺ퟣ짧믡뢣샻뗄튪쟳ꆱ;(2)죧뫎좷놣맙뗄솢램뻍뫜쓑놣돖컈뚨뗄뛠쫽ꆣ틲캪솢램헟쏇훚뛠뗄욫뫃풱룶쳥뫍ퟩ횯내헕헾훎쇬떼죋뗄풸췻탐쫂,훆뛈짨볆뗄믹놾쮳탲뫍컊쳢놾짭뗄뛠캬쳘헷뚼붫믡떼훂헢퇹튻훖쿖쿳,벴탂죎컱뻍쫇,붨솢웰튻쾵쇐폐탲뗄훆뛈살좷놣웤돉풱쓜릻내웤뗄뛠쫽췹췹믡쟣쿲폚췆랭죎뫎틑뺭춨맽뗄틩낸,듓뛸쪹뗃듓캯췐죋뗄풸췻탐쫂[3]79;(3)훆뛈뗄럾듓컊쳢ꆣ볙뚨솢램헟튻룶틩낸떽쇭튻룶틩낸뚼믡돶쿖낢싞톭뮷뗄쿖쿳ꆣ좻뛸,쫂쫔춼좥헒돶튻훖랽쪽살ퟨ횹맙쇅쏇뗄놳엑ꆣ쪵뇭쏷쏀맺맺믡춶욱뷡맻놣돖쇋쿠떱듳뗄컈뚨탔ꆣ헽쫇퓚샭탔톡퓱퓚뷱쳬폐솽훖탎쪽:벴죋샠탐캪닺짺뗄릦샻쫇뷢듰헢튻쇮뒫춳샭탔톡퓱샭싛룐떽쏔믳뗄컊쳢뗄맽돌훐,샭풤쿈볙뚨뗄,뮹쫇평뺭퇩닺짺뗄ꆣ훷헅풤쿈볙뚨뗄죋죏캪,탔톡퓱쿲쇋뛔훆뛈뗄퇐뺿:맺믡뗄훆뛈붵뗍쇋쫂컱뒦샭뗄룶죋쟣쿲폚붫튻킩뻟쳥뗄뚯믺ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ헢킩뚯믺죋쯹릲횪,붻틗돉놾,쪹뗃퓚틩풱횮볤쓜릻듯돉붻틗,듓뛸쪹뗃램낸뗄믲캪쇋좷솢튻훖퇏쏜뗄뿆톧컞싛죧뫎뗃냑헢킩뚯믺쳡돶살ꆣ컈뚨춨맽돉캪뿉쓜[7]ꆣ듋쪱,샭탔톡퓱샭싛튲놻돆캪샭탔톡헢랽쏦샭탔톡퓱뗄쒣쪽쫇뺭볃톧,헢킩샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥헟퓱훆뛈훷틥ꆣ내헕룇틁ꆤ뇋뗃쮹뗄럖컶,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥쏇틔뺭볃톧랽램퇐뺿헾훎,믲헟쮵쯻쏇냑헾훎쓉죫뺭볃ꆣ폖뿉틔럖캪죴룉럖횧ꆣ뗚튻룶럖횧쫇펡뗘낲쓇톧엉,틔쏀맺폫뺭볃톧튻퇹,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥쪹죋뗃틔뾼싇튻쾵쇐톧헟냂쮹쳘싞쒷럲뢾캪듺뇭,훷튪맘힢죧뫎폃훆뛈살뷢뻶릫뿉릩톡퓱뗄낲업쿂뗄탐캪ꆣ뻍웤짨뚨뗄볙짨잰쳡뛸퇔,쯼믱릲돘쳁뗄훎샭컊쳢,벴죧뫎뿋럾릫릲돘쳁풴훎샭훐룶쳥샭뗃쇋뺭볃톧뗄탭뛠폅뗣ꆣ샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥훷튪폃폚럖컶탔폫벯쳥샭탔뗄늻튻훂컊쳢ꆣ뗚뛾룶럖횧쫇릫릲톡퓱톧엉,쿖듺쏱훷헾쳥훐뗄헾훎ꆣ벴냑쿖듺뺭볃톧뗄싟벭뫍랽램,폃폚퇐뺿헾훎톧뗄컊쳢,틔ퟷ캪헾훎톧뗄퇐뺿랽램,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뿉틔놻샭뷢캢맛뺭볃톧뗄믹놾볙짨(폈웤쫇샭탔죋볙짨)ꆢ풭샭뫍랽램캪ꆰ릹붨튻킩쓜듓닻쏷뗄잰쳡(볙짨폐잰쳡)훐떼돶쏷좷뛸ퟷ캪럖컶릤뻟,살퇐뺿뫍뿌뮭헾훎쫐뎡짏뗄훷쳥뗄탐캪뫍헾컞헹틩뗄췆뛏뗄쒣탍ꆣ죧맻죋쏇헆컕쇋헢훖쒣탍,쓇쎴뻍쓜훎쫐뎡뗄퓋탐ꆣ릫릲톡퓱ꆰ쫇붫뺭볃톧펦폃폚헾훎뿆톧,릫폃쪵볊뗄탐캪살볬닩헢킩췆뛏ꆱ[4]90ꆣퟷ캪튻룶톧엉,샭탔릲톡퓱뗄훷쳢뻍쫇헾훎뿆톧뗄훷쳢,벴맺볒샭싛ꆢ춶욱맦퓲ꆢ톡퓱훆뛈훷틥훷튪폐죽쳵퇐뺿쿟쯷:뗚튻늿럖쫇첽쳖쏱훷훆춶욱헟탐캪ꆢ헾떳헾훎ꆢ맙쇅헾훎뗈뗈ꆱ[5]678-679ꆣ훷튪틔햲뛈뗄쳘뗣폫좱쿝,죧췾솮ꆤ샯뿋뛻;퇐뺿뗄뗚뛾쳵쿟쯷쫇뷢쒷쮹ꆤ늼뾲쓏ꆢ룪뗇ꆤ쯾싥뿋ꆢ췾솮ꆤHꆤ샯뿋뛻ꆢ낲뚫쓡ꆤ쫍헾훎쇬폲훐듦퓚뗄쾵춳탔춨믵엲헍ꆢ닆헾돠ퟖ틔벰돖탸뗄쳆쮹뫍쓡쮹뾲쓏캪듺뇭ꆣ뗚죽룶럖횧쫇늩?싛,죏캪훆뛈쫇릫릲늿쏅뗄삩돤뗈컊쳢,헢킩컊쳢뚼놻뷢쫍캪폫쏱훷훆뛈뗄늩?뗄맦퓲,냑캯췐죋ꆪꆪꆪ듺샭죋횮볤뗄맘쾵샭뷢캪늩?맘쳘뗣폐맘솪;ퟮ뫳,샭탔톡퓱톧엉캪쏱훷훆뛈뗄퇐뺿쳡릩쇋쾵[7]63-71ꆣ탂뗄랽램,쯻쏇쫔춼톰헒헾훎탐캪뗄캢맛믹뒡,춨맽퇐뺿헾쒿잰,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄랢햹틑뺭뎬돶쇋헾훎샭싛뫍훎탐뚯헟퓚룷훖룷퇹훆뛈낲업훐뗄뚯믺,살럡뢻컒쏇뛔폚헾쏀맺헾훎뗄랶캧ꆣ쫗쿈,쯼뷸죫쇋맺볊맘쾵뗄퇐뺿쇬폲,뛸훎쿖쿳뗄샭뷢뫍헾훎룄룯뗄뿉쓜탔[2]5ꆣ퓚ퟮ뷼,쯼틑뺭삩햹떽뇈뷏헾훎뗄쇬폲ꆣ쪵볊짏,퓚헾훎톧죽ꆡ헾훎톧훐뗄샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥:랢햹맬벣훐벸뫵틑뺭쎻폐캴쫜맽쯼펰쿬뗄쇬폲[6]2ꆣ헢튻늿럖훷튪춨맽볬쫓20쫀볍90쓪듺틔살샭탔톡퓱(뛾)훷튪맛뗣벰뫋탄풭샭훆뛈훷틥퇐뺿컄쿗뗄랢햹맬벣,뛔샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥퇐뺿뗄쓎쳘(JackKnight)죏캪,샭탔톡퓱샭싛ꆰ벫듳뗘쳡짽쇋컊쳢ퟷ뷏쾸훂뗄럖컶ꆣ컒쏇뛔짧믡짺믮훐훆뛈ퟷ폃뗄샭뷢ꆱꆣ쏅싞(KristenMon2(튻)샭싛풨풴roe)냑샭탔톡퓱쏨쫶캪ꆰ헾훎뫍짧믡뿆톧훐훷떼랶쪽횮튻,듓랽램싛닣쏦짏뾴,샭탔톡퓱랽램퓚쒳훖틢틥짏뿉틔ힷ쳡릩쇋뻟폐뚴달솦뗄ꆢ퇏뷷뗄뫍럇뎣뷚쪡뗄뷢쫍ꆱ[6]3-4ꆣퟷ쯝떽믴늼쮹뫍택?,벴헾훎톧폫뺭볃톧뗄톧뿆붻닦퇐뺿,떫캪헾훎톧뗄퇐뺿랽램,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥폃뷏캪쾵춳뗄퇝틯쫇,ퟷ캪쿖듺샭탔톡퓱샭싛뇪횾뗄룷훖퇐뺿춾뺶뗄뗤탍죚뫏뗃돶폐맘헾훎탐캪뗄캢맛뷢쫍,샽죧,맘폚춶욱ꆢ톡뻙ꆢ캯풱퓲닺짺폚20쫀볍50쓪듺ꆣ샭탔톡퓱랶쪽쒿잰퓚쏀맺헾훎믡,틔벰햽헹뗈뗄늩?쒣쪽ꆣퟷ캪헾훎톧훐뗄튻룶샭싛쇷톧훐햼뻝ퟅ훷떼뗘캻ꆣ쯼뗄럖횧냼삨릫릲톡퓱샭싛ꆢ뿕볤쒣엉,샭탔톡퓱맘힢쪲쎴쫇훆뛈ꆢ훆뛈폫헾훎탐캪뗄맘쾵컊쳢,탍뫍짧믡톡퓱샭싛[5]678ꆣ듳뛠쫽쪱뫲,쿖듺헾훎톧볒쏇뚼냑맘힢쏱훷훆뛈뗄뚯솦컊쳢(뛠쫽춳훎폫쏱훷ꆢ쏱훷돌탲폫훆ꆰ샭탔톡퓱샭싛ꆱ쫓캪릫릲톡퓱샭싛ꆢ짧믡톡퓱샭싛ꆢ늩?뛈룄룯뗈)ꆣ싛ꆢ샭탔탐뚯쒣쪽ꆢ쪵횤헾훎뺭볃톧뗈뗈뗄춬틥듊ꆣ1.샭탔톡퓱샭싛헟퇛훐뗄훆뛈ꆣ샭탔톡퓱샭싛냑훆뛈샭탔톡퓱샭싛떮짺횮돵,뷶쫇헾훎뿆톧톧뿆훐뗄튻룶뫜뚨틥캪튻훖뻶닟맦퓲,춬쪱튲냑쒳훖맘쾵뷡릹뾴ퟷ쫇훆뛈,킡뗄럖횧,떱쪱,훷떼헾훎뿆톧퇐뺿뗄쫇훆뛈럖컶ꆢ탐캪훷틥죧캯췐ꆪꆪꆪ듺샭뷡릹ꆢ늩?뷡릹뗈,헢킩뷡릹튲쓜풼쫸룶쳥랽램뫍틔췅쳥캪믹뒡뗄헾훎톧뛠풪훷틥샭싛ꆣ쿖퓚뗄샭탔뗄탐캪톡퓱ꆣ쯼죏캪훆뛈살풴폚닎폫벯쳥탐뚯뗄룶쳥평폚톡퓱샭싛뷏횮맽좥폐쇋쿲뫍랢햹ꆣ떱샭탔톡퓱샭싛퓋폃뇣폚듓붻뮻훐뗃떽뫃뒦,듓뛸뒴퓬튻훖뷡릹ꆢퟩ횯ꆢ웵풼뗈,퇏룱뗄풤짨잰쳡살퇐뺿쏀맺맺믡뗄춶욱탐캪쪱,랢쿖튻룶훘틔놣횤벯쳥톡퓱믲릫릲헾닟뗃틔쪵쪩ꆣ샭탔톡퓱평폚잿뗷듳뗄쎬뛜,벴죧맻뒫춳샭탔톡퓱뗄쒣탍헽좷뗄뮰,쏀맺맺믡뷡릹뛔탐캪믲헾닟뗄펰쿬,죏캪훆뛈뛔폚쒳훖쒣탍럖컶살쮵28' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ듷ꆡ퇯ꆡ탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧훐뗄샭탔톡퓱샭싛쫇튻훖췢퓚틲쯘,떱쒣탍돶쿖컊쳢,늻쓜뷢쫍릫릲헾닟뗄뷡훖샠뗄쿠뮥틀뾿뗄릦샻뗈훮뛠랽쏦ꆣ틲듋폐쪱뿉틔쮵,샭탔맻쪱,훆뛈뗄돶쿖닅쫇훘튪뗄ꆣ쯹틔훆뛈뗄뇤잨췹췹살ퟔ폚톡퓱뗄훮뛠샭싛쫇튻룶헦헽뗄샭싛볒ퟥꆱ[2]39-40ꆣ훆뛈놾짭뗄쪧냜,벴쿖듦훆뛈늻쓜싺ퟣ뛔쯼뗄탨쟳,ꆰ훆뛈탨웤듎,샭탔톡퓱샭싛볒뗄듳늿럖샭싛닂닢뮹쎻폐놻뺭퇩쟳듳폚훆뛈뗄릩룸ꆱ샭탔톡퓱쿠떱맘힢훆뛈뗄짨볆,죧맘폚쯹볬퇩ꆣꆰ붨솢샭탔뗄헾훎샭싛,늢럇튻쿮죝틗뗄릤ퟷ,늢쟒닺좨뷧뚨,퓚캯췐ꆪꆪꆪ듺샭뷡릹훐붨솢웵풼쪽맘쾵ꆢ탅쾢릲쯻쏇뗄릫쪽뫍횤뻝늢늻쓜쮵쏷뛠쫽헾훎쿖쿳,틲캪늻냼삨퓚쿭뗄짨볆,퓚늩?뷡릹훐삩햹늩?믺믡틔쿻돽늩?훐뗄캥맦샭탔룅쓮훐뗄헾훎탐캪쪵퓚쫇첫뛠쇋ꆱ[1]289ꆣ샭탔톡퓱훆뛈헟뗈뗈뚼쫴폚훆뛈짨볆뗄뗤랶ꆣ샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥죏캪,룶훷틥폫쒳킩뺭볃톧랽램횮볤뺡맜뇭쏦짏뫜쿠쯆,떫쪵볊짏듦죋뗄탐캪쫇쫜맦퓲ꆢ뫏풼뗈펰쿬뗄,춬쪱죧맻냑룶죋뾴ퟷ쫇퓚ퟅ쿔훸닮틬ꆣ싳뿋뾭뛻캬뫍싞즭쯾뛻(McKelveyand뛀솢뗄뻶닟헟,룶죋튲믡펰쿬훆뛈ꆣ샭탔톡퓱럖컶훐룶죋폫Rosenthal)쳡돶,쯤좻늩?싛뛔헾훎뿆톧뗄훘듳펰쿬듯떽쇋훆뛈뗄맘쾵쫇,죋쏇짨볆뫍뒴퓬훆뛈뗄춬쪱폖쫜떽훆뛈뗄풼ꆰ샭싛짏뗄쮮욽ꆱ,쯼좴뫜짙떼쿲뛔ꆰ헦쪵쫀뷧훐뗄헾훎탐캪쫸ꆣ퓚샭탔톡퓱톧엉쓇샯,훆뛈쫇짨볆돶살뿋럾쫐뎡뗄뿉쪶뗄훜쏜럖컶ꆱ[6]6ꆣ뇰탔좱쿝믲헟닺짺벯쳥뻶닟뷡맻뗄헾훎쳥훆,틲듋,뫃뗄훆ퟮ뫳,뛔틢춼뫍탅퇶뗄뷏짙맘힢ꆣ뛈뻍쫇룟킧췪돉헢튻죎컱,춬쪱쓜캬돖좨췾탔맦랶죧쏱훷쓇캪믘펦헢킩쳴햽,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥헟쏇듓솽룶춾뺶짏퇹뗄훆뛈[8]84-90ꆣퟶ돶얬솦:뗚튻훖톡퓱쫇탞룄샭싛쯹틀뻝뗄볙짨,샽죧,냂쮹2.훆뛈폫헾훎탐캪ꆣ샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥퓚춨맽ퟔ벺뗄뚡-쪷쏜쮹(Austen2Smith)ꆢ뿋샗뇈뛻(Krehbiel)ꆢ럑샗풼몲탐캪볙뚨폐킧뗘쮵쏷뫍풤닢쿖듦훆뛈뗄컊쳢뫍짨볆탂훆뛈(Ferejohn)ꆢ억뛻뫍컂볓쮹쳘(NollandWeingast)틔벰풼몲톷랽쏦뻟폐뫜듳뗄폅쫆ꆣ틔낣샲억ꆤ냂쮹쳘싞쒷캪듺뇭뗄펡(Johnson)뗈쯹쳡뎫뗄닟싔ꆣ뛔쿖쪵훷틥뗄ힷ쟳벤랢쇋죋쏇뗚낲쓇톧엉캪쇋쳡룟샭탔톡퓱샭싛뗄뷢쫍솦뛔뒫춳샭탔톡뛔뺭퇩탔닢퇩뫍돉릦뗄샭싛쯹뇘탫ퟱ톭뗄뇪ힼ뗄튪쟳ꆣ뗚퓱쒣탍뷸탐쇋튻킩룄퓬,죏캪샭탔룅쓮훘튪뗄늻쫇캧죆ꆰ죋뛾훖톡퓱죏캪샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥펦룃평웤쯻샭싛(죧컄뮯뗄샭탔쫇늻쫇췪헻뗄ꆱ컊쳢뗄헹싛,뛸쫇ꆰ뻟폐뛠퇹돌뛈뗄샭싛)뗄쒳킩늿럖살췪짆ꆣ틲캪죋뗄탐뚯쫇뒦퓚쫜샭탔볆쯣샭탔뗄룶죋탐캪퓚쪲쎴퇹뗄훆뛈믲훆풼쿂쓜랢믓웤ퟮ폐킧뗄싟벭쯹풼쫸뗄탐뚯쇬폲뫍쫜ꆰ룼캢쏮뗄맛쓮뮯싟벭ꆱ쯹풼뗄ꆢퟮ병뗄ퟷ폃ꆱ뗄컊쳢ꆣ죏캪죋쫇튻룶ꆰ럇뎣뢴퓓뫍죝틗쫸뗄쒿뗄쇬폲뗄뇟뷧짏뗄,ꆰ늻뷢쫍헢솽룶쇬폲ꆱ뻍늻쓜뷢랸듭컳뗄톧쾰헟ꆱꆣ뛸쟒죋쫇퓚튻룶룸뚨뗄뻟쳥쳵볾쿂,쫔쫍죋뗄탐뚯(Ferejohn)ꆣ틲듋,뢥샗풼몲죏캪,컄뮯샭싛뿉틔춼뺡ퟔ벺뗄ퟮ듳얬솦좥쪵쿖ퟔ벺뗄쒿뗄,춬쪱캪쇋룄짆훆풼춨맽쪹퇐뺿헟쓜릻뷒쪾퓚샭탔톡퓱샭싛풤닢뗄탭뛠뗄뻹뫢ퟔ벺탐캪뗄맦랶뫍맦퓲뛸뻟놸뿉틔훘탂짨볆훆뛈쓜솦뗄룶훐쓄튻룶붫쫂쪵짏랢짺헢퇹뗄랽쪽살늹돤샭탔톡퓱샭쳥[9]1-22ꆣ싛[6]36ꆣ뗚죽훖톡퓱퓲럅웺잰쏦솽헟탞헽폫늹돤뗄얬솦,뛸3.쏱훷훆뛈뗄뚯솦ꆣ샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥캪헾훎뿆톧볒쫇듓릤뻟탔뗄믹뒡짏살횤쏷헢훖샭싛뗄럇쿖쪵훷틥쫇헽좷퇐뺿쏱훷훆뛈훐뗄뚯솦듸살쇋탂랽램ꆣ쯻쏇죏캪,짧믡뷡맻뗄ꆣ쫇룶죋톡퓱뗄뢱닺욷,늢쟒붫뻹뫢뗄룅쓮틽죫떽헾훎톧훐,쯄ꆡ샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄캴살ퟟ쿲ꆰ떱탐뚯헟틔ퟮ폐샻뗄랽쪽살뷸탐톡퓱,틑횪웤쯻죋뗄톡퓱,뺡맜샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥죔좻뎣뎣쫜떽맽폚돩쿳뫍췑샫뛸쟒쪵쿖쇋쯻쏇쯹쾣췻뗄뷡맻뗄쪱뫲,짧믡뗄뻹뫢뻍닺짺쪵볊뗈횸퓰,떫훁짙쯼춬ퟮ퓧뗄랶쪽늻춬,늢쟒쳡돶쇋튻킩쇋ꆱ[2]34ꆣ뻟쳥뛸퇔,샽죧,쯻쏇죏캪,톡쏱폫헾떳횮볤쫇튻뺭뗃웰볬퇩뗄볙짨,헢튻샭싛퓚헾훎톧훐뗄펦폃헽퓚뇤뗃풽훖샠쯆폚쫐뎡훐뗄ꆰ붻뮻ꆱ맘쾵,헾떳쫔춼믱뗃톡쏱뗄룼뛠살풽뢴퓓ꆣ듳솿뗄뺭퇩횤뻝뫍뛠톧뿆뗄샭싛랢햹췆뚯쇋샭톡욱,퓚톡뻙훐믱쪤,뛸톡쏱퓲춨맽닎폫헾훎맽돌살쪹룶죋탔톡퓱쒣탍랶캧뗄췘햹,샭탔톡퓱쒣탍놻죏캪쫇짧믡삧뺳뫍샻틦ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ믹폚듋,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥쫔춼닻쏷쏱훷춶욱벯쳥탐뚯퇐뺿뗄믹뒡ꆣ쫗쿈,샭탔톡퓱샭싛퓚헾훎톧훐뗄뗘맦퓲폫쏱훷맽돌뷡맻횮볤뗄뢴퓓맘쾵ꆣ벴퓚헾훎쪵볹훐,쯹캻뇤뗃룼춻돶ꆣ뛔훆뛈컊쳢뗄퇐뺿듓풭폐뗄헽쪽훆뛈췘햹닉좡뗄맦퓲(튻훂춨맽맦퓲ꆢ뛠쫽춨맽맦퓲ꆢ뇈샽톡뻙훆)늻떽럇헽쪽맦퓲뫍컄뮯쪵볹훐,늢냑훆뛈뗄닺짺뾴ퟷ쫇늩?뗄춬,펰쿬톡쏱ꆢ헾훎볒믲헾떳뗄폐맘탐캪뗄돉놾ꆪꆪꆪ쫕틦쒣맽돌ꆣ웤듎,샭탔톡퓱샭싛붫힢틢솦쿲퇐뺿맽좥,붨솢쪽튲늻춬,틲뛸믡뇭쿖돶늻춬뗄ꆰ탨쟳ꆱ뷡릹[9]3ꆣ쏅뗄ꆰ샺쪷펰쿬ꆱ쒣탍ꆣ퓙듎,탐캪헟뗄샭탔놻쫓캪쫇폐쿞죽ꆡ랢햹훐뗄컊쳢:뛔샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄엺에뗄샭탔ꆣ쒿잰,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뮹늻쫇튻훖떥튻뗄샭싛,듓쒳퓚컷랽,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥뗄퇐뺿랶캧틑뺭짦벰떽헢퇹훖틢틥짏쮵,샭탔톡퓱톧헟쏇룼풸틢붫웤돆횮캪튻룶샭싛볒튻킩헾훎맽돌,샽죧,톡뻙ꆢ솢램탐캪ꆢ릫릲컯욷뫍첸에틔벰ퟥꆣ늻춬뗄퇐뺿헟퓋폃늻춬뗄볙짨살첽쳖샭탔쯹듸살뗄뷡맺볊맘쾵훐뗄췢붻닟싔ꆣ늢쟒,쯼퓚헾훎톧퇐뺿훐틑뺭햼뻝맻,폐킩퇐뺿헟퓲쫔춼뷢쫍탐캪헟쫇죧뫎닎폫웤쯻탐뚯헟뗄ퟅ훷떼뗘캻ꆣ닟싔탐캪ꆣꆰ틲캪샭탔톡퓱맛달뗄랶캧짦벰룶죋퓚ퟮ듳뮯쪱폫횮쿠뛔,샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥퓚맺쓚헾훎톧뷧뗄퇐뺿룕뛔웤쯻죋뗄첬뛈,헢킩첬뛈냼삨듓쿠뮥쒮늻맘탄떽룷쪽룷퇹룕웰늽,듦퓚퇐뺿뗄쏷쿔늻ퟣ,샽죧,뷘훁쒿잰짐쎻폐뛔샭탔29' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ꆡꆡ쯄뒨쪦랶듳톧톧놨(짧믡뿆톧냦)톡퓱톧엉뷸탐맽쏅뗄퇐뺿,튻냣뚼쫇퓚짦벰쿖떱듺컷랽헾폚샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥헢튻톧엉놾짭,쎻폐뻍샭탔톡퓱랽램훎샭싛믲쮼뎱뗄쪱뫲쮳뇣싛벰,퇐뺿ꆰ뮭쏦ꆱ좱랦쾵춳탔ꆢ췪싛뷸탐벯훐퇐뺿ꆣ헢뻍쪹뗃맺쓚헾훎톧뷧뛔샭탔톡퓱훆뛈헻탔;쿖폐뗄샭탔톡퓱톧엉퇐뺿뷶쿞폚탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧룶훷틥톧엉뗄퇐뺿캴쓜춻웆틽뷸뷩짜뗄뷗뛎,듋췢맺쓚쿠맘뇰컄쿗훐뗄욬뛏탔뷩짜,움볛탔컄쿗뷏짙;퓚폐맘뗄움뷩탔쇏뗄늻ퟣ,튲퓶볓쇋샭탔톡퓱훆뛈훷틥톧엉퇐뺿뗄쓑뛈ꆣ떱컄쿗훐,쯹틽쇏랶캧뷏햭,쇏살풴듳춬킡틬;퇐뺿믹놾짏좻,헢킩늻쫴놾컄쯹튪첽쳖뗄쓚죝,뇊헟붫쇭컄싛쫶ꆣ닎뾼컄쿗:[1](쏀)났싗ꆤCꆤ났죸뿋.헾훎톧:랶캧폫랽램[M].횣폀쓪뗈틫.몼훝:헣붭죋쏱돶냦짧,1987.[2](쏀)룱쇖,즳욤싞.샭탔톡퓱샭싛뗄늡뇤ꆪꆪꆪ헾훎톧펦폃엺에[M].탬쿦쇖,풬죰뻼틫.맰쇖:맣컷쪦랶듳톧돶냦짧,2004.[3](쏀)룇틁ꆤ뇋뗃쮹.샭탔톡퓱샭싛폫훆뛈샭싛[M]//뫎뾡횾,죎뻼럦,훬뗂쏗뇠틫.탂훆뛈훷틥헾훎톧틫컄뺫톡.쳬뷲:쳬뷲죋쏱돶냦짧,2007.[4](쏀)햲쒷쮹ꆤWꆤ컷즪.ퟔ평쏱훷폫헾훎톧[M].재췾틫.짏몣:짏몣죋쏱돶냦짧,1998.[5](펢)쏗샕,늩룱떤억훷뇠.늼삳뿋캬뛻헾훎톧냙뿆좫쫩[M].뗋헽살틫.놱뺩:훐맺헾램듳톧돶냦짧,2002.[6],PoliticalscienceandtheThreeNewinstitutionalisms[J].PoliticalStudies,1996(XLIv).[7]캺.헾훎톧훐뗄탂훆뛈훷틥[J].쓏뺩듳톧톧놨,2002,(1).[8]힣쇩뻽.헾훎톧뗄탂훆뛈훷틥:놳뺰ꆢ맛뗣벰움싛[J].헣붭톧뾯,2003,(4).[9]ElinorOstrom.,ABehavioralApproachtotheRationalChoiceTheoryofCollectiveAction[J].AmericanPoliticalScienceReview,,1998,(1).[10](쏀)떤쓡쮹ꆤC.샕.릫릲톡퓱샭싛[M].퇮뒺톧뗈틫.놱뺩:짌컱펡쫩망,(AdministrativeManagementInstitute,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu,Sichuan610064,China)Abstract:Rational2choicetheoryofnewinstitutionalpolitics(rational2choiceinstitutionalism),anewtheoreticschoolofthe1980swesternpolitics,takesaleadingpositioninthewesternpolitics,:whatitis,whatproblemsitsstudyorexplanationsolves,:newinstitutionalpolitics;rationalchoice;rational2choiceinstitutionalism;westernploitics[퓰죎뇠벭:샮듳쏷]30' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
