2006쓪뗚4웚뫚쇺붭짧믡뿆톧ꆡNo14,2006(ퟜ뗚97웚)ꆤ뺭볃쮼뾼ꆤ듓ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔벨킧뾴FDI뗄벼쫵췢틧헔뒺쏷1,쇵헱쇖2(1.놱뺩쪦랶듳톧뺭볃폫릤짌맜샭톧풺,놱뺩100875;2.붭컷닆뺭듳톧맺볊뺭쎳톧풺,붭컷쓏닽330000)ꆡꆡ햪ꆡ튪:퓬돉컒맺FDI벼쫵틧돶킧맻늻병뗄풭틲,훷튪쫇죋솦놾듦솿늻ퟣꆢ뷰죚톹훆틔벰뗘랽헾뢮퓚컼틽FDI랽쏦뗄뛱탔뺺헹뗈ꆣ캪듋,컒맺펦쫊쪱뛔ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔뷸탐캢뗷,춨맽볓듳퇐랢뫍뷌폽춶죫,췆뷸뷰죚쫐뎡룄룯,틽죫쏱펪놾,럶돖컒맺웳튵ퟟ돶좥,틔퓶잿ퟔ훷퇐랢쓜솦,폃쫐뎡뺺헹웈쪹뿧맺릫쮾뛔컒맺뷸탐폐킧뗄벼쫵틆ꆣꆡꆡ맘볼듊:FDI;벼쫵췢틧;ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔ꆡꆡ훐춼럖샠뫅:ꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:Aꆡꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:1007-4937(2006)04-0029-05ꆡꆡퟔ20쫀볍90쓪듺돵좫쏦쪵쪩ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ뗄뾪럅햽싔틔살,컒맺퓚틽뷸췢맺횱뷓춶(FDI)랽쏦좡뗃쇋뻞듳뗄돉벨ꆣ뻝춳볆,뷘훁2004쓪뗗,컒맺샛볆컼틽FDI틑듯5621틚쏀풪,풼햼좫쟲FDI샛볆쇷죫ퟜ솿뗄%ꋙ,뷶듎폚쏀맺ꆢ펢맺폫뗂맺,업쏻좫쟲뗚쯄캻ꆣ좻뛸,평폚훖훖풭틲,컒맺쫔춼춨맽컼틽FDI살췆뚯놾맺벼쫵뷸늽뫍닺튵돉뎤뗄ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔벨킧늢늻쿔훸ꆣ캪뫎돶쿖헢훖쟩뿶,FDI뗄틧돶듦퓚쓄킩훆풼틲쯘?놾컄쓢뻍듋뷸탐튻킩럖컶ꆣꆡꆡ튻ꆢꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔뗄벨킧벰웤뛔컒맺뺭볃랢햹뗄펰쿬컒맺쪵쪩ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔뗄돵훔쫇춨맽쫐뎡뗄뾪럅,볓쯙췢쿲탍뺭볃뗄랢햹,뷸뛸춨맽FDI뗄벼쫵틧돶,믱좡맺췢쿈뷸벼쫵,ퟮ훕탎돉뛀솢ퟔ훷뗄퇐랢쓜솦,쳡짽웳튵벼쫵뒴탂쮮욽뫍닺튵뗄맺볊뺺헹솦ꆣ펦룃쮵,FDI뗄듳솿쇷죫뛔컒맺뷼뛾쪮뛠쓪살뾪럅탍뺭볃뗄랢햹웰떽쇋럇뎣믽벫뗄췆뷸ퟷ폃ꆣ뻝컒맺몣맘춳볆,2004쓪췢짌춶웳튵뷸돶뿚뛮ꆢ돶뿚뛮ꆢ뷸뿚뛮틔벰췢쎳쮳닮뛮럖뇰캪틚쏀풪ꆢ틚쏀풪ꆢ틚쏀풪뫍틚쏀풪,햼컒맺춬웚짌욷뷸돶뿚ퟜ뛮ꆢ돶뿚ퟜ뛮ꆢ뷸뿚ퟜ뛮뫍췢쎳ퟜ쮳닮뛮뗄뇈샽럖뇰캪%ꆢ%ꆢ%뫍%ꆣ헢뇭쏷ퟷ캪컒맺뛔췢쎳틗훷쳥뗄췢짌춶웳튵틑뾪쪼돉캪컒맺뺭뎣쿮쒿쮳닮뗄훘튪살풴ꆣ늻뷶죧듋,FDI뮹벫듳뗘쳡룟쇋춶뗄킧싊,쏖늹쇋컒맺붨짨뷰뗄늻ퟣ,늢죕틦돉캪맺볒쮰쫕뗄훘튪살풴ꆣ뻝컒맺짌컱늿춳볆,1992ꆪ2004쓪,컒맺쪵볊쪹폃틚쏀풪,햼춬웚좫짧믡만뚨닺춶뇈훘뗄%,웤훐뇈훘ퟮ룟뗄1994쓪뺹듯%ꆣ떱잰췢짌춶웳튵릤튵퓶볓횵햼좫맺릤튵퓶볓횵뗄뇈훘틑듯%,짦췢쮰쫕햼컒맺쮰쫕ퟜ뛮뗄뇈훘룼쫇룟듯%ꆣ떫춬쪱컒쏇뮹펦뾴떽,컒맺ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔뮹듦퓚탭뛠늻뺡죋틢횮뒦,뻟쳥살쮵,훷튪뇭쿖퓚틔쿂벸랽쏦ꆣ1.뫶쫓쿻뮯,훘뢴틽뷸맽뛠,뫋탄벼쫵폫ힰ놸뛔췢틀삵퇏훘ꆣ떱잰,컒맺듳뛠쫽웳튵퓚샻폃FDI맽ꋙꆡ룹뻝훐맺짌컱늿벰솪뫏맺쎳랢믡틩(UNCTAD)뇠WorldInvestmentReport(2004)쇏췆쯣ꆣ쫕룥죕웚:2006-03-20ퟷ헟볲뷩:헔뒺쏷(1964-),쓐,놱뺩죋,놱뺩쪦랶듳톧뺭볃폫릤짌맜샭톧풺뷌쫚,늩쪿짺떼쪦,뫓쓏닆뺭톧풺쳘울룚캻뷌쫚,듓쫂맺볊뺭볃퇐뺿;쇵헱쇖(1971-),쓐,놱뺩죋,붭컷닆뺭듳톧맺볊뺭쎳톧풺뢱뷌쫚,쓏뾪듳톧뿧맺릫쮾퇐뺿훐탄퓚횰늩쪿뫳,듓쫂맺볊뺭볃퇐뺿ꆣꆤ29ꆤ
돌훐,췹췹쟣쿲폚뷸뿚맺췢짺닺쿟뫍펲볾짨놸,뗍쮮욽훘뢴틽뷸쿖쿳퇏훘,퓚튻킩샻죳룟ꆢ쫐뎡탨쟳벱뻧삩듳뗄튻냣탔볓릤튵훐,죧볒뗧ꆢ믺킵뗈,룷뗘벯훐훘뢴틽뷸쿖쿳폈웤퇏훘ꆣ평폚쎻폐탎돉뻟폐ퟔ훷횪쪶닺좨뗄벼쫵쳥쾵,퓬돉탭뛠닺튵뗄맘볼짨놸믹놾틀뾿맺췢ꆣ샽죧,퓚욽냥뗧쫓훆퓬튵훐,쒿잰맺쓚웳튵뗄쫐뎡햼폐싊뷶캪30%,늢훷튪벯훐퓚킡웁쒻욷훖,훐룟뛋쫐뎡퓲믹놾죃캻폚죕놾ꆢ몫맺웳튵ꆣ2.믹뒡퇐뺿춶죫늻ퟣ,ퟔ훷퇐랢쓜솦놡죵,퓢쫜췢뗄샻ꆰ좦뗘ꆱ캧릥ꆣ퇐뺿폫뾪랢춶죫(R&D)쫇쫐뎡뺺헹훐뗄훂쪤횮뗀,튻냣평믹뒡퇐뺿ꆢ펦폃퇐뺿뫍쫔퇩랢햹뺭럑ퟩ돉ꆣ돉릦뗄뿧맺릫쮾퓚R&D짏튻냣뻹럇뎣힢훘믹뒡퇐뺿캪놾,샻쿈탐ꆣ떫평폚쳥훆룄룯뗄훍뫳,컒맺웳튵튻횱쎻폐돉캪벼쫵뒴탂뗄훷쳥,뿆퇐춶죫뷡릹뫜늻뫏샭ꆣ뻝뿆벼늿춳볆,2004쓪컒맺R&D뺭럑횧돶캪1843틚풪,햼GDP뗄%,웤훐믹뒡퇐뺿뺭럑캪102틚풪,뷶햼R&D뗄%,헢솽룶뇈샽뻹쏷쿔뗍폚쏀ꆢ죕뗈맺쓪뻹3%폫20%뗄욽뻹쮮욽ꆣ늻뷶죧듋,컒맺믹뒡퇐뺿뺭럑뗄95%벯훐퓚룟뗈풺킣뫍뿆퇐믺릹,웳튵돐떣뗄뇈샽늻ퟣ5%,뛸2001쓪,쏀맺웳튵돐떣뗄믹뒡퇐뺿뺭럑뇈훘캪45%,죕놾뫍몫맺튲듯떽쇋38%ꆣ평폚춶죫늻ퟣꆢ뷡릹얤쟺틔벰햽싔퇛맢뗄좱랦,뎤웚틔살,컒맺퓚몣췢짪쟫랢쏷샻뗄쫽솿쓪뻹횻폐300볾ퟳ폒,쯤좻2000쓪ꆢ2001쓪랢쏷샻짪쟫솿럖뇰드짽훁1027볾ꆢ2070볾,떫폫랢듯맺볒뫍뗘쟸쿠뇈닮뻠죔좻뫜듳,짵훁늻쓜폫컒맺첨췥쪡쿠쳡늢싛ꆣ뻝쏀맺샻짌뇪뻖뗄춳볆,퓚2003쓪좫쓪뫋랢뗄샻훐,업쏻잰쯄캻뗄쏀맺ꆢ죕놾ꆢ뗂맺뫍첨췥럖뇰캪98598볾ꆢ37250볾ꆢ12140볾ꆢ6676볾,뛸1989ꆪ2001쓪볤컒맺ퟜ릲닅듓쏀맺믱뗃샻1000뛠볾ꆣ퓚맺쓚,컒맺웳튵튲캴쓜ꆰ뷼쮮슥첨쿈뗃퓂ꆱꆣ2000쓪,좫맺췲볒맺폐듳훐탍웳튵릲짪쟫샻45862볾,욽뻹쎿룶웳튵쓪짪쟫솿뷶캪3볾,R&D뺭럑햼닺욷쿺쫛쫕죫뗄뇈훘짵훁듓1999쓪뗄%붵훁2003쓪%뗄쮮욽,늢쟒훷튪벯훐퓚튻킩췢맛짨볆ꆢ쪵폃탂탍횮샠뗄뗍뢽볓횵샻랽쏦ꆣ뛸뿧맺릫쮾쳘뇰쫇IBMꆢGEꆢ량샻웖뗈룟벼쫵웳튵튻냣뚼춶죫쇋뎬맽웤쿺쫛쫕죫5%뇈훘뗄뺭럑폃폚R&D,쓪뻹R&D뺭럑늻뷶틔쫽쪮틚쏀풪볆,짪쟫뗄랢쏷샻튲쫽틔잧볾볆,늢쓒삨쇋컒맺70%틔짏뗄랢쏷샻쫚좨ꆣ헢훖췢샻뗄ꆰ좦뗘ꆱ퓋뚯,룸컒맺웳튵몣췢뺭펪듸살쇋벫듳뗄뢺쏦펰쿬ꆣ3.룟뿆벼닺튵탩볙랱죙,췢슢뛏쪢탐,쏱ퟥ욷없쪽캢ꆣ뛠쓪살,뻞뛮FDI뗄쇷죫,늻뷶쪹췢웳튵돉캪컒맺췢쎳뷸돶뿚뗄훷솦뻼,뛸쟒돉캪컒맺룟뿆벼닺튵뗄업춷뇸ꆣ뻝뿆벼늿춳볆,1992ꆪ2004쓪볤,컒맺룟탂벼쫵닺욷돶뿚ퟜ뛮듓40틚쏀풪퓶볓훁1656틚쏀풪,쓪뻹퓶쯙%,룟폚좫맺돶뿚욽뻹퓶쯙1놶,늢쪹컒맺톸쯙웰캪쫀뷧뗚쯄듳룟뿆벼닺욷짺닺맺폫돶뿚맺ꆣ좻뛸룟뿆벼돶뿚뷡릹훐,1996쓪짐쫇맺폐웳튵ꆢ훐췢뫏웳튵뫍췢짌뛀웳튵ꆰ죽럖쳬쿂ꆱ,룷햼1/3ퟳ폒뗄뷡릹ꆣ떫떽2003쓪,헢튻룱뻖틑뺭췪좫랢짺쇋뇤뮯,췢짌뛀웳튵쯹햼뗄뇈훘벱쯙짽훁62%,,볓짏훐췢뫏웳튵뗄21%,죽웳튵쯹햼뗄뇈훘릲듯%;뛸맺폐웳튵쯹햼뗄뇈훘퓲뷶캪17%,7쓪살샛볆쿂붵쇋뷼20룶냙럖뗣ꆣ좻뛸,퓚뿧맺릫쮾틆뚨볛믺훆ퟷ폃쿂,췢웳튵퓚룟뿆벼돶뿚훐뗄헢훖ꆰ뿱춻뷸ꆱ늢쎻폐룸컒맺룟뿆벼닺튵듸살랱죙,랴뛸쪹컒맺룟벼쫵닺튵늻짙벨킧횸뇪돊죕쟷쿂뮬쟷쫆ꆣ뻝춳볆,2003쓪컒맺룟벼쫵닺튵릤튵퓶볓횵싊캪%,뇈2002쓪쿂붵2룶냙럖뗣,뗍돶훆퓬튵욽뻹쮮욽룶냙럖뗣ꆣ뛸쏀맺룟벼쫵닺튵뗄퓶볓횵싊룟듯%,뗂맺뫍죕놾뗈랢듯맺볒튲뷓뷼40%,늢뻹룟돶좫늿훆퓬튵퓶볓횵싊2ꆫ7룶냙럖뗣ꆣ춬쪱,닺횵샻쮰싊튲돶쿖쇋쏷쿔뗄쿂붵쟷쫆,2003쓪뷶캪%,뇈2000쓪쿂붵쇋룶냙럖뗣,늢뗍돶훆퓬튵욽뻹룶냙럖뗣ꆣR&D춶죫잿뛈(R&D뺭럑햼릤튵퓶볓횵뗄뇈훘)쫇펰쿬룃닺튵랢햹뗄훘튪횸뇪ꆣ2003쓪컒맺룟벼쫵닺튵뗄R&D잿뛈듯떽%,늻뷶뇈2001쓪쿂붵룶냙럖뗣,뛸쟒풶뗍폚랢듯맺볒뎬맽20%뗄욽뻹쮮욽(쿪볻뇭1ꆢ뇭2)ꆣ퓚듋,뫜쏷쿔FDI횻쫇퓚샻폃훐맺샍뚯솦돉놾뗍솮뗄폅쫆듓쫂볲떥ힰ엤뫍볓릤쎳틗,늢쎻폐헦헽캪훐맺듸살룟뢽볓횵뗄룟뿆벼닺튵솴ꆣ늻뷶죧듋,FDI뗄듳솿쇷죫뮹쪹췢웳튵퓚컒맺믱뗃쇋뻞듳쫐뎡럝뛮,슢뛏쇋탭뛠폐맘맺볆쏱짺뗄훘튪탐튵,늢쪹쏱ퟥ닺튵늽싄캬볨,늻짙욷없쟷폚쿻쪧ꆣ샽죧,퓚뗧쓔닙ퟷ쾵춳탐튵,뷶캢죭튻볒뻍햼뻝쇋90%틔짏뗄쫐뎡럝뛮ꆣ퓚쯘폐뺭볃횧훹횮돆뗄웻뎵탐튵훐,90%틔짏뗄닺솿튲쫇평듳훚ꆢ춨폃뗈뿧맺릫쮾뿘훆뗄뫏웳튵췪돉뗄,웤훐2004쓪뷶듳훚ꆢ춨폃솽볒쯹뿘훆뗄닺솿뻍듯떽쇋췲솾,햼컒ꆤ30ꆤ
맺웻뎵쫐뎡췲솾ퟜ쿺솿뗄%,퓚췢욷없뗄잿듳릥쫆쿂,컒맺뗄짏몣ꆢ뚫럧뗈욷없뷎뎵틑뺭췪좫쿻쪧,별폨맺죋컞쿞웚췻뗄뫬웬ꆢ훐뮪ꆢ벪샻ꆢ웦죰뗈욷없튲퓚쫐뎡뺺헹훐뻓폚쏷쿔뗄죵쫆뗘캻,폐뗄짵훁쏦쇙벴붫돶뻖뗄캣쿕ꆣꆡ뇭1ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ2000ꆪ2003쓪컒맺룟뿆벼닺튵늿럖벨킧횸뇪ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ떥캻:틚풪쓪럝2000200120022003쓪뻹퓶쯙릤튵퓶볓횵%샻쮰ퟜ뛮%릤튵ퟜ닺횵%릤튵퓶볓횵싊%%%%%닺횵샻쮰싊%%%%%R&D뺭럑%R&D춶죫잿뛈%%%%%ꆡꆡ쇏살풴:맺볒춳볆뻖뇠ꆶ훐맺룟벼쫵닺튵춳볆쓪본ꆷ(2003)ꆣꆡ뇭22001쓪훐맺폫늿럖랢듯맺볒룟뿆벼닺튵벨킧횸뇪뇈뷏쿮쒿훐맺쏀맺죕놾몫맺뗂맺햼훆퓬튵퓶볓횵뇈훘%23%%%%햼훆퓬튵돶뿚뇈훘%%26%%ꆭꆭ샍뚯짺닺싊(췲풪)ꆭꆭ릤튵퓶볓횵싊%%%%%R&D춶죫잿뛈%23%26%22%24%ꆡꆡ쇏살풴:맺볒춳볆뻖뇠ꆶ훐맺룟벼쫵닺튵춳볆쓪본ꆷ(2003);쫀뷧틸탐뇠ꆶ쫀뷧랢햹횸뇪2003ꆷꆣꆡꆡ뛾ꆢFDI벼쫵틧돶킧맻늻병뗄훷튪풭틲럖컶쓇쎴,캪뫎컒맺컼틽쇋헢쎴뛠뗄FDI,좴쎻폐쿠펦뗘쿭쫜떽벼쫵틧돶뗄뫃뒦쓘?쯤좻튻냣뗄퇐뺿뻹죏캪,퓚뷰죚캣믺뗄욵랱랢짺쟩뿶쿂,틔FDI캪훷뗄뎤웚춶뛔튻맺뺭볃닺돶뗄펰쿬뇈횮짌튵틸탐듻뿮뫍횤좯춶뻟폐룼뗍돌뛈뗄늨뚯탔ꆣ늻뷶죧듋,FDI뮹뻟폐틽죫탂뗄짺닺벼쓜ꆢ맜샭맽돌,볓뿬횪쪶폫벼쫵틆,쳡룟샍뚯짺닺싊;볓쯙놾탎돉,쏖늹춶ꆪ뒢탮좱뿚,볓쯙뺭볃퓶뎤;죚죫좫쟲짺닺쳥쾵폫쫐뎡펪쿺췸싧,삩듳돶뿚쟾뗀뗈폅뗣ꆣ뛔폚FDI헢훖췢늿헽쏦킧펦,튻킩톧헟뮹죏캪,떱췢맺춶헟붫탂뗄닺욷뫍짺닺랽쪽틽죫뚫뗀맺맺쓚쫐뎡쪱,뚫뗀맺웳튵쫇뿉틔늻뛏듓헢훖볓쯙뗄삩즢훐믱뗃벼쫵쫕틦뗄ꆣ퓚짏쫶퇐뺿뗄펰쿬쿂,ퟔ20쫀볍80쓪듺웰,룷맺헾뢮뛔폚FDI뗄첬뛈늻뷶랢짺쇋180뛈뗄듳뇤,듓퓧웚업돢쿲벫솦뮶펭FDI,뛸쟒캪듋뮹럗럗ퟅ쫖뛔놾맺뗄춶훆뛈뷸탐ퟔ평뮯,뺺쿠돶첨룷훖돉놾늻럆뗄쮰쫕폅믝뫍닆헾벤샸헾닟,뛔FDI쪵탐뎬맺쏱듽폶,뷸뛸췆뚯FDI쇷죫뷰뛮뗄뻧퓶벰웤퓚맺볊놾쇷뚯훐뇈샽뗄톸쏍짏짽,듳폐캪듋뛸쏅붨솢좫쟲탔뛠뇟ퟔ평춶뿲볜횮쫆ꆣ좻뛸,웹뷱캪횹,컞싛퓚뫪맛닣쏦,뮹쫇퓚캢맛닣쏦,컒쏇좴뫜쓑헒떽뺭퇩횤뻝살횧돖헢훖샖맛뗄싛뗷ꆣAitken뫍Harrison춨맽뛔캯쓚죰삭튻킩췢웳튵뗄뗷닩랢쿖,쯤좻FDI뿉틔쳡룟뚫뗀맺맺쓚웳튵뗄샍뚯짺닺싊,떫춬쪱튲믡벷햼맺쓚웳튵뗄춶럝뛮,듦퓚뇈뷏쏷쿔뗄벷돶킧펦,틲듋,ퟜ쳥짏뾴,FDI뛔쳡룟뚫뗀맺샍뚯짺닺싊뺻쫕틦랽쏦뗄릱쿗쫇뫜킡뗄ꆣ풭틲뺿뺹뫎퓚쓘?쏀맺맾런듳톧뷌쫚RaymondꆤVernon퓚웤1966쓪랢뇭뗄ꆶ닺욷훜웚훐뗄맺볊춶뫍맺볊쎳틗ꆷ튻컄훐,쫗쿈뛔듋뷸탐쇋뷢쫍ꆣ쯻죏캪,퓚닺욷뒴탂뷗뛎,평폚쫐뎡탨쟳짙,벼쫵맽폚쿈뷸뛸늻짵췪짆,틲듋,ퟮ병뗄짺닺쟸폲횻쓜톡퓱퓚맺쓚ꆣ횻폐떽벼쫵틑뺭쪵쿖뇪ힼ뮯,닺욷췪좫돉쫬틔뫳,캪쇋냑쒸맺퓝듦뗄뇈뷏폅쫆폫웤쯻맺볒볌웰뗄뇈뷏폅쫆쿠뷡뫏,뷸뛸평몣췢ퟓ릫쮾퓚뚫뗀맺뗄춶믮뚯살쳡룟룃닺튵뗄뺺헹폅쫆,뿧맺릫쮾닅믡붫짺닺틆떽돉놾ퟮ뗍뗄랢햹훐맺볒뷸탐ꆣ헢뻍듓헻쳥짏뻶뚨쇋FDI퓚뚫뗀맺늻뿉쓜닉폃ퟮ쿈뷸뗄벼쫵ꆣ룹뻝놱뺩쫐뿆캯뛔48볒뿧맺릫쮾춶뗄룟탂벼쫵웳튵벼쫵쮮욽쯹ퟶ뗄튻럝뗷닩,퓚놱뺩쫐FDI웳튵훐,쪹폃ퟮ쿈뷸벼쫵뗄햼%,쪹폃뇈뷏쿈뷸벼ꆤ31ꆤ
쫵뗄햼%,뇈뷏쿈뷸벼쫵폫튻냣벼쫵믬폃뗄햼%;뛸폫맺쓚웳튵쿠뇈,쪹폃쳮늹뿕냗벼쫵뗄햼%,쪹폃쿈뷸벼쫵뗄햼%ꆣ쫂쪵짏,쯤좻뷼쓪살뿧맺릫쮾돶쿖쇋퓚뚫뗀맺퓶볓퇐랢춶죫,붨솢쏅퇐랢믺릹뗄삩즢쟷쫆,떫웤훷튪쒿뗄죔늻쿱웤탻돆뗄쓇퇹,냯훺랢햹훐맺볒쳡룟ퟔ훷뿆벼뒴탂쮮욽,뛸쫇샻폃랢햹훐맺볒럡뢻뗄죋솦뫍뿆벼풴,붵뗍퇐랢돉놾,놣뮤ퟔ벺뗄벼쫵폅쫆뫍슢뛏뗘캻,늢쪹벼쫵틆쓚늿뮯,쪵쿖벼쫵ꆰ돶맺ꆱ뛸ꆰ늻돶릫쮾ꆱꆣ늻뷶죧듋,퓚ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ헢룶뚯첬늩?맽돌훐,평폚뚫뗀맺퇐랢믹뒡뗄놡죵뫍쿻뮯쓜솦뗄뗍쿂,뿧맺릫쮾캪쇋놣횤ퟔ벺퓚벼쫵슢뛏짏뗄폅쫆,늻뷶늻믡훷뚯죃쿈뷸벼쫵,뛸쟒췹췹욾뷨욷없ꆢ럾컱ꆢퟩ횯뫍맜샭폅쫆,춨맽훖훖쫖뛎,퓚벼쫵짨볆ꆢ짺닺릤틕뗈맘볼뮷뷚짨훃탭뛠헏낭,쿞훆뫍ퟨ낭랢햹훐맺볒믱좡뫋탄벼쫵뫍쳡룟벼쫵뒴탂뗄쓜솦,뇜쏢랢햹훐맺볒웳튵펭춷룏짏ꆣ폫듋춬쪱,룼뛠뗄톧헟쏇퓲붫럖컶뗄쫓뷇짮죫떽랢햹훐맺볒ퟔ짭ꆣBorensteinꆢDeꆤGregorio폫Lee춨맽뛔69룶랢햹훐맺볒틽뷸FDI쫽뻝믘맩뷡맻뗄뇈뷏럖컶뫳죏캪,FDI폫죋솦놾횮볤뻟폐잿쇒뗄뮥늹탔,튻룶랢햹훐맺볒횻폐풽맽죋솦놾듦솿뗄ퟮ뗍쏅볷뫳,닅쓜믱뗃FDI뗄벼쫵췢틧ꆣ늻뷶죧듋,뚫뗀맺맺쓚웳튵횻폐퓚뫏샭뗄닺튵ꆢ뷰죚헾닟틽떼쿂,늢쓜돤럖랢믓뮥늹킧펦쪱,췢뗄벷돶킧펦닅믡쫜떽쿞훆,FDI닅쓜웰떽퓶볓뚫뗀맺맺쓚놾ퟜ솿뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ캪듋,쫀뷧틸탐퓚2001쓪랢뇭뗄ꆶ좫쟲뷰죚랢햹ꆷ놨룦훐쏅쳖싛쇋FDI컼쫕쓜솦뗄훘튪탔컊쳢ꆣ놨룦죏캪,FDI쓜럱뛔뺭볃퓶뎤랢믓헽쏦ퟷ폃,튻맺폐킧샻폃FDI췢늿탔뗄쓜솦쫇훁맘훘튪뗄,떫쫇헢훖쓜솦튪쫜떽뚫뗀맺춨믵엲헍쮮욽ꆢ붻춨춨톶쳵볾ꆢ훐뗈뷌폽돌뛈틔짏샍뚯솦퓚죋뿚훐뗄뇈훘ꆢ짺닺탔닺뗄뿉믱뗃탔벰헾닟ꆢ훆뛈뮷뺳컈뚨탔뗈틲쯘뗄훆풼ꆣ좻뛸짏쫶퇐뺿뻹쎻폐쳡벰뷰죚쫐뎡뗄릱쿗ꆣ쪵볊짏,FDI쓜럱퓚튻맺뺭볃볓쯙랢햹훐냧퇝훘튪뷇즫,웤벼쫵삩즢뗄쫕틦쓜럱뗃틔잿뮯,뚼샫늻뾪뷰죚쫐뎡뗄횧돖ꆣ쯤좻ퟔ태뇋뗃웰,튻냙뛠쓪살,늻짙톧헟뻹퓸쳡벰솼뫃뗄뷰죚훆뛈퓚벼쫵뒴탂ꆢ놾믽샛뫍뺭볃랢햹뗈랽쏦뗄믽벫ퟷ폃,Wurgler짵훁횤쏷쇋솼뫃뗄뷰죚쳥쾵벴쪹늻쓜틽훂룼룟쮮욽뗄FDI,떫죔좻뿉틔룼폅뗘럖엤쿖폐춶,뷸뛸쳡룟뺭볃퓶뎤싊ꆣ떫쫇,죔좻뫜짙폐컄쿗쏅훂솦폚퇐뺿뷰죚쫐뎡퓚볓잿FDI벼쫵틧돶폫뺭볃퓶뎤랽쏦쯹웰떽뗄믽벫펰쿬폫훐뷩ퟷ폃ꆣ쫂쪵짏,믹폚뷰죚쫐뎡퓚붵뗍붻틗돉놾ꆢ복짙웳튵췢늿죚돉놾ꆢ볓뿬놾믽샛ꆢ폅뮯놾엤훃킧싊뗈랽쏦쯹웰뗄믽벫펰쿬,컒쏇늢늻쓑듓뫪맛믲헟캢맛닣쏦헒떽싛뻝,싛횤뷰죚쫐뎡랢햹폫컼쫕쓜솦횮볤뗄헽쿠맘맘쾵ꆣ돽듋횮췢,퓚엠폽웳튵볒뺫짱랽쏦,Mckinnon튲퓸싛횤뗀,놾쫐뎡뗄랢햹뛔폚통솷ꆰ닉폃ퟮ폅쪵볹벼쫵벰톧믡ퟶꆱ뗄쓜솦튲쫇뇘튪뫍돤럖뗄ꆣ헢뻍쫇쮵,죧맻랢햹훐맺볒뷰죚쫐뎡랢폽늻좫,듦퓚듳솿탅듻엤룸쿖쿳뗄뮰,평폚뷨듻돉놾맽룟,웳튵볒쓜솦뗄돉뎤붫믡쫜떽벫듳쿞훆,늢벫듳펰쿬FDI벼쫵틧돶헢훖잱퓚헽쏦췢늿탔뗄랢믓ꆣ돽짏쫶죋솦놾듦솿늻ퟣꆢ뷰죚쫐뎡랢폽늻좫뗈랢햹훐맺볒튻냣뻹뻟폐뗄릲탔췢,듓컒맺뻟쳥쟩뿶살뾴,퓬돉ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔벨킧늻룟뗄풭틲뮹폐죧쿂벸뗣:(1)맺볒좱짙춳튻맦뮮뫍쿠펦뗄맜샭폫횸떼,폐맘벼쫵틽뷸뗄탅쾢릵춨뫍킭뗷믺훆늻릻붡좫,떼훂웳튵뛔춬탐탅쾢쇋뷢늻췪놸,틔훂훘뢴틽뷸;(2)캪쇋쓜릻톸쯙삩듳짺닺쓜솦,햼쇬맺쓚쫐뎡,뗘랽헾뢮뫍웳튵탐캪맽폚뛌웚뮯,틲뛸퓚헐짌틽뗄뛱탔뺺헹맽돌훐,뇭쿖뗃ꆰ훘펲쟡죭ꆱ,룼쟣쿲폚짺닺쿟틔벰맘볼짨놸뗄틽뷸,뛸뫶쫓뫋탄벼쫵뗄틽뷸뫍ퟔ훷횪쪶닺좨쳥쾵뗄붨솢뗈ꆣꆡꆡ죽ꆢ쿠맘헾닟붨틩쓇쎴,퓚맺볒ꆰ틔벼쫵뮻쫐뎡ꆱ햽싔쎻폐ퟶ훘듳뗷헻뗄잰쳡쿂,컒쏇죧뫎닅쓜뷸튻늽볓듳FDI뗄벼쫵틧돶킧펦쓘?놾컄죏캪,펦훷튪ퟶ뫃틔쿂벸뗣ꆣ뗚튻,퓶볓뿆벼춶죫,쳡룟ퟔ훷퇐랢쓜솦ꆣR&D춶죫뗄늻ퟣ쫇ퟨ낭컒맺벼쫵뷸늽뗄훷튪헏낭,튲쫇컒맺ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔벨킧늻병뗄훷튪풭틲ꆣ캪듋,펦뺡뿬붫R&D햼GDP뗄뇈훘쳡룟훁랢듯맺볒뗄욽뻹쮮욽,늢믽벫폅뮯R&D뗄살풴폫춶죫뷡릹,퓚컈늽쳡룟맺볒닆헾춶죫쮮욽뗄잰쳡쿂,쪹웳튵퓚믹뒡퇐뺿훐돐떣룼룟뇈샽뗄횧돶,볓듳퓙뾪랢뺭럑뗄춶죫;춨맽붨솢솼뫃뗄죋닅벤샸뫍쇷뚯믺훆,볓듳횪ꆤ32ꆤ
쪶닺좨놣뮤솦뛈;춨맽붨솢맦랶ꆢ췪짆뗄벼쫵틽뷸ꆢ쿻뮯폫뒴탂믺훆,룄뇤틔췹뺭뎣쿝죫틽뷸ꆢ실뫳ꆢ퓙틽뷸맖좦뗄ퟶ램,믽벫쳡룟ퟔ훷퇐랢ꆢ뒴탂쓜솦ꆣ뗚뛾,볓듳뷌폽춶죫솦뛈,폅뮯뷌폽뷡릹ꆣ뷼쓪살,뺡맜뿆뷌쫂튵뗄뿬쯙랢햹틑뺭쪹컒맺톸쯙돉캪쫀뷧짏뷌폽ꆢ뿆벼뛓컩맦쒣ퟮ듳뗄맺볒횮튻,떫폫랢듯맺볒쿠뇈,컒맺뗄죋솦놾뮹럇뎣놡죵ꆣ룹뻝뗚컥듎죋뿚웕닩쇏,컒맺룟ꆢ훐뗈컄뮯죋뿚햼ퟜ죋뿚뇈샽럖뇰캪%ꆢ%,풶뗍폚랢듯맺볒30%뫍60%틔짏뗄쮮욽;폖뻝ꆶ좫맺뷌폽뺭럑횴탐쟩뿶ꆷ춳볆,2003쓪닆헾탔뷌폽뺭럑춶죫햼GDP뇈샽뷶캪%,웹뷱짐캴쪵쿖1992쓪돶첨뗄ꆶ뷌폽랢햹룙튪ꆷ쳡돶뗄떽2000쓪튪햼GDP4%쮮욽뗄쒿뇪ꆣ춬쪱,평폚뷌폽쳥훆룄룯훍뫳,훘톧샺쟡횰뷌,훂쪹튻킩뗘쟸돶쿖ꆰ늩쪿늻맽룟벶벼릤ꆱ뗄뷡릹얤쟺쿖쿳ꆣ캪듋,펦얬솦볓듳뷌폽춶죫,폅뮯뷌폽엠퇸뷡릹,뺡퓧쪵쿖ꆶ뷌폽랢햹룙튪ꆷ뗄쒿뇪튪쟳ꆣ뗚죽,믽벫췆뷸뷰죚쫐뎡룄룯,얬솦쿻돽ꆰ뷰죚틖훆ꆱힴ첬ꆣ캪듋,튻랽쏦펦춨맽쫊떱쳡룟듦뿮샻싊,쯵킡듦듻뿮ꆰ샻싊닮ꆱ,붵뗍탅듻쏅볷,볓듳탅쾢헧뇰솦뛈,쿻돽ꆰ탅듻엤룸ꆱ쿖쿳;쇭튻랽쏦펦춨맽놾쫐뎡룄룯,췆뷸좫쇷춨막욱쫐뎡뫍웳튵햮좯쫐뎡붨짨,뇤막좨룮쇑ꆢ럖훃폫쿞훆쏱펪웳튵짏쫐뗄쿖ힴ,볓듳횱뷓죚뇈훘ꆣ뗚쯄,쫊떱뛔ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔뷸탐캢뗷,좡쿻FDI뗄ꆰ뎬맺쏱듽폶ꆱꆣ튻랽쏦,튪훰늽뗷헻ꆰ틔쫐뎡뮻벼쫵ꆱ햽싔훐뗄볲떥ퟶ램,춨맽쫊떱쳡룟쫐뎡뷸죫쏅볷,쪵쿖듓맄샸췢짌퓚뮪춶짨뎧쿲맄샸웤퓚뮪짨솢뫏ꆢ뫏ퟷ퇐랢믺릹뇤,쳡룟벼쫵틽뷸뗄닣듎;늢춨맽볓잿맜샭,붨솢춳튻뗄벼쫵틽뷸맜샭쾵춳,뇜쏢훘뢴틽뷸,뷻횹뗘랽헾뢮틔컾짼뮷뺳뫍맺볒헻쳥샻틦캪듺볛,쎤쒿룸폨FDI쮰쫕벤샸뫍닆헾폅믝ꆣ쇭튻랽쏦,펦춨맽뛔쓚룄룯,퓊탭쏱펪놾뷸죫쓇킩풭쿈횻뛔췢뾪럅뗄쇬폲,틔쫐뎡뺺헹웆뷢뿧맺릫쮾뗄슢뛏뫍벼쫵쿞뚨,뒴퓬튻룶릫욽ꆢ릫헽ꆢ릫뾪ꆢ폐킧뗄뺺헹뮷뺳,틔뺺헹뮻벼쫵ꆣ뷸뛸룹뻝뺭볃좫쟲뮯뫍퇐랢맺볊뮯뗄쟷쫆,훆뚨튻킩맄샸뫍폅믝헾닟,폐쒿뇪ꆢ폐늽훨뗘럶돖컒맺웳튵ퟟ돶좥,떽쫀뷧룷듳뒴탂훐탄짨솢퇐랢믺릹,닎폫ꆢ뷩죫짵훁훷떼뿧맺릫쮾뗄벼쫵퇐랢믮뚯,늻뛏쳡룟컒맺웳튵뗄벼쫵뮰폯좨ꆣFromthePerformanceoftheStrategyof"MakeTechnologybyMarket"toLookattheSpillofFDITechnologyZHAOC12hun-ming,LIUZhen-lin(,Beijing100875,China;,JiangxiFinanceandEconomicsUniversityNanchang330000,China)Abstract:ThemainreasontomakeFDItechnologyspillineffectivenessinourcountryisthescarcityofhumancapital,"maketechnologybymarket"byincreasingtheinvestmentineducation,researchanddevelopment,,helpourenterpriseꆰsgoingglobalꆱ,improveourindependentabilityofresearchanddevelopment,:foreigndirectinvestment;technologyspill;strategyof"maketechnologybymarket".ꆲ퓰죎뇠벭:돂쫧뮪ꆳꆤ33ꆤ
