ꆶ죭뿆톧ꆷ2008쓪3퓂ꆤ뗚22뻭ꆤ뗚3웚(ퟜ뗚99웚)맜샭뿆톧뎡쯹틀삵샭싛퓚늩컯망싃폎뷢쮵쾵춳훐뗄펦폃뿗탱뫬(쯄뒨듳톧싃폎톧풺,돉뚼610064;뫓놱듳톧싃폎쾵,뫓놱놣뚨071002)햪튪:듓뎡쯹틀삵뗄뷇뛈쳖싛쇋늩컯망뷢쮵쾵춳뗄릹붨ꆣ횸돶돽쇋춨맽펲볾짨쪩뗄붨짨ꆢ뛔폚풴뗄뷢쮵살붨솢뎡쯹틀뾿횮췢,뮹튪춨맽짧믡붻췹ꆢ컄뮯죏춬뗈짧믡뫍탄샭틲쯘붨솢싃폎헟뛔폚늩컯망뗄뎡쯹죏춬,늢평듋뷢뻶늩컯망뎤웚틔살뗄샤쟥쿖쿳ꆣ맘볼듊:늩컯망;싃폎뷢쮵;뎡쯹틀뾿;뎡쯹죏춬;뎡쯹틀삵훐춼럖샠뫅:G266;F590ꆡꆡꆡꆡ컄쿗뇪쪶싫:Aꆡꆡꆡꆡ컄헂뇠뫅:1001-8409(2008)03-0089-03TheApplicationofthePlaceAttachmentTheoryintheMuseumInterpretationSystemKONGXu2hong(SchoolofTourism,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu610064;TourismManagementDepartment,HebeiUniversity,Baoding071002)Abstract:ThepaperdiscussestheconstructionofitsinterpretationsystemfromtheperspectiveofPlaceAttach2mentTheory,andarguesthattocopewiththeplightstatusofmuseums;:museums;touristinterpretation;placedependence;placeidentity;placeattachment1ꆡ컊쳢뗄쳡돶Perspective)뗄뇤ꆣ탎쪽훷틥랽램틲캪웤맘힢폚햹욷111ꆡ늩컯망뷢쮵쾵춳뗄릦쓜폫랢햹뗄컯훊탎쪽ꆣ죏캪햹욷놾짭뻍쫇샺쪷뗄쮵쏷,틲듋잿뗷뷢쮵늢럇쫂컯뗄볲떥쏨쫶,뛸쫇춨맽쳥퇩뷒쪾쫂컯샺쪷뗄뻟쳥뗄컯훊랽쏦ꆣ떫쫇,20쫀볍90쓪듺훐웚돶쓚퓚틢틥폫쿠뮥솪쾵[3]ꆣꆰ뷢쮵쾵춳ꆱ뗄몭틥,뻍쫇퓋폃쿖쇋뛔폚뷶폃햹욷ퟷ캪캨튻뷢쮵샺쪷뗄랽쪽뗄훊틉,듓쒳훖쎽쳥뫍뇭듯랽쪽,쪹쳘뚨탅쾢뒫능늢떽듯탅쾢뷓쫜뛸돶쿖쇋럖컶쫓뷇,벴햹욷펦룃ퟷ캪랴펳맽좥뗄뺵ퟓ,헟훐볤,냯훺탅쾢뷓쫜헟쇋뷢쿠맘쫂컯뗄탔훊뫍쳘뗣ꆣ뛸늻쫇ퟷ캪맽좥뗄듺뇭,늻뷶룦쯟폎뿍랢짺쇋쪲쎴,뮹늢듯떽럾컱뫍뷌폽뗄믹놾릦쓜(컢뇘뮢뗈[4])ꆣ뷨폃튪룦쯟쯻쏇캪쪲쎴틔벰죧뫎랢짺ꆣ헢퇹,뷢쮵붫햹욷럅1984쓪쏀맺늩컯망뷧쏻훸ꆶ탂쫀볍뗄늩컯망(Museums퓚튻룶떱쪱뗄맛뗣ꆢ뮹폐웤쯻짧믡뮷뺳뗄쟩뺳훐돉캪맘foraNewCentury)ꆷ훐뛔늩컯망뗄뷌폽틢틥뗄쏨쫶,컒쏇힢폚뚯첬뗄맽좥짧믡뗄룼캪좫쏦샺쪷뗄릤뻟ꆣ튻킩뿉틔헢퇹살탎죝늩컯망뗄뷢쮵쾵춳:죴뗤님욷쫇늩컯망튵췅쳥뫍ퟩ횯죧쏀맺늩컯망킭믡(AAM)뫍쏀맺훝폫뗘뗄탄퓠,뷢쮵퓲쫇늩컯망뗄쇩믪ꆣ맺췢뛔늩컯망뷢쮵쾵랽샺쪷킭믡(AASLH)뚼뛔쯻쏇쓚늿뗄돉풱믺릹폐헢랽춳퇐뺿웰늽뷏퓧,퇐뺿랶캧틑몭룇햹욷뗄돂쇐ꆢ맛훚힢쏦뗄엠통뫍맦뚨ꆣ쯻쏇냑뷢쮵뚨틥캪:튻룶늩컯망뷨틔틢솦퇐뺿ꆢ폫맛훚뗄뮥뚯ꆢ맛훚뗄톧쾰킧맻ꆢ햹욷폫맛훚횴탐쪹쏼뫍뷌폽뷇즫뗄쎽뷩/믮뚯ꆣ뷢쮵쎽쳥/믮뚯냼뗄맘쾵뗈쓚죝ꆣ퓚쏀맺,웤늩컯망뷢쮵샺쪷뺭샺쇋듓탎삨떫쫇늻쿞폚:햹샀ꆢ닎맛ꆢ췸횷ꆢ냠벶쫚뿎쳖싛ꆢ톧킣볆쪽훷틥랽램(FormalistApproach)떽럖컶쫓뷇(Analytical뮮ꆢ돶냦컯뮹폐삩햹럾컱ꆣ쫕룥죕웚:2007-07-20ퟷ헟볲뷩:뿗탱뫬(1973-),얮,뫓놱놣뚨죋,쯄뒨듳톧싃폎톧풺늩쪿짺,뫓놱듳톧싃폎쾵뢱뷌쫚,훷튪듓쫂싃폎풴폫컄뮯ꆢ컄뮯틅닺폫싃폎뾪랢랽쏦뗄뷌톧폫퇐뺿ꆣꆤ89ꆤ
맜샭뿆톧ꆶ죭뿆톧ꆷ2008쓪3퓂ꆤ뗚22뻭ꆤ뗚3웚(ퟜ뗚99웚)112ꆡ컒맺늩컯망뷢쮵쾵춳뗄죏쪶컳쟸뗄쿪쾸쮵쏷ꆣ헢퇹튻훖쎻폐뾼싇떽맛훚뗄쪵볊탨튪ꆢ쫓컒맺늩컯망뷢쮵쾵춳뛠훘쫓뛔돂쇐햹쪾벼쫵폫짨맛훚캪ꆰ볒ꆱꆢ뾿맛훚ퟔ벺샭뷢뗄랽램쿔좻컞램퓶뷸맛볆,붲뷢벼쟉폫짨볆뗈랽쏦뗄퇐뺿ꆣ죧믆뒺폪뛔탂훐맺훚뛔늩컯망벰웤햹욷뗄쇋뷢ꆣ틲듋,떱잰늩컯망뷢쮵쾵늩컯망돂쇐뷸탐쇋믘,췵폐쟬쳡돶쇋ꆰ컯틔퓘뗀ꆢ쪵뮰춳ퟮ훘튪뗄릤ퟷ쫇룄뇤틔ꆰ컯ꆱ캪훐탄뗄죏쪶,틔죋캪놾쪵쮵ꆱ돂쇐틕쫵뗄뒴탂풭퓲,죏캪늩컯망돽쇋뛔죋샠컯살맦뮮짨볆뷢쮵쾵춳ꆣ뷢쮵쾵춳뗄맦뮮짨볆튪쪹닎맛훊컄뮯틅닺ꆢ럇컯훊컄뮯틅닺췪돉쫕님틔벰늿럖뗄퇐뺿헟뛔늩컯망닺짺뎡쯹틀삵,튪죏헦퇐뺿닎맛헟뗄쾲뫃뫍릦쓜틔췢,돂쇐햹샀릦쓜컞틉쫇웤훷튪뗄릦쓜ꆣ듋췢뮹탄샭탨쟳,튪틔닎맛헟뛔늩컯망닺짺컄뮯죏춬뫍탄샭죏폐맘폚뷢쮵쎽쳥뗄첽쳖,죧헅죳럥ꆢ쯯맰죣듓벼쫵뿘훆춬캪ퟮ룟쒿뇪ꆣ뗄뷇뛈퇐뺿쇋ꆰ뻅튻냋ꆱ샺쪷늩컯망훇쓜럖쟸뷢쮵쾵춳ꆣ312ꆡ뎡쯹틀삵뗄붨솢훁폚맛훚탨쟳,엋쫘폀뗈퓚ꆶ2004ꆫ2005쓪훐맺늩컯망ꆰ뎡쯹틀삵ꆱ뿉틔뷢쫍캪죋뛔튻룶쳘뚨뎡쯹뗄움볛,맛훚뗷닩놨룦ꆷ훐럖컶쇋훐맺늩컯망닎맛헟뗄믹놾릹뛔짨쪩뫍뛀쳘탔벰웤쯻탎쪽뗄릦쓜탔틀삵뗄룐횪,틔벰돉ꆣ닎맛쿠맘뗄맛훚탐캪럖컶틔벰늩컯망벰웤햹샀탅헢킩죧뫎싺ퟣ싃폎헟뗄탨쟳뫍쒿뇪ꆣ뎡쯹틀삵늻뷶쫇쾢뗄뒫능춾뺶ꆣ뫩퇞ꆢ쳕캰틔컷몺쓏풽췵늩컯망캪샽뻍랽뇣맛훚닎맛ꆢ틽웰샺쪷횪쪶뗄믘쿫뫍붫볇틤뗄뚫컷폎뿍뛔폚뷢쮵쎽쳥뗄탨쟳뷸탐쇋퇐뺿ꆣ떫쫇ퟜ쳥살쮵뮯캪튻훖짺뚯뗄볇틤뗄뇘튪쫖뛎,뮹쫇돤럖샻폃뇣샻뗄떱잰컒맺늩컯망뷢쮵랽램떥뗷ꆣ뛔뷢쮵쾵춳뗄헻쳥룅뷢쮵짨쪩뫍럡뢻뗄뷢쮵쓚죝틽랢맛훚ꆰ틆쟩ꆱퟷ폃ꆢ뷸튻쓮뮹듦퓚죏쪶늻쟥돾뗄컊쳢ꆣ뛔폚뷢쮵쾵춳뗄죏쪶,룼늽닺짺뎡쯹죏춬뗄뇘튪믹뒡ꆣ폫튻킩뺰쟸뗄ꆰퟔ떼쪽ꆱ잿뗷늩컯망뗄뷌폽릦쓜뗄쪵쿖,믺릹컄뮯뫛벣맽폚쏷뷢쮵폫ꆰ쿲떼쪽ꆱ뷢쮵쾵춳늻춬,늩컯망돽뷢쮵없쪾ꆢ붲쿔ꆣ뺡맜늩컯망뚼쾣췻틔죋캪놾,듓맛훚뫍폎뿍뗄탨튪뷢럾컱ꆢ뛠쎽쳥햹쪾횮췢,햹욷ꆢ돂쇐ꆢ붨훾놾짭ꆢ뮷뺳뫍돶랢,떫쫇뫜뛠쟩뿶쿂뚼쫇틔햹욷캪훷ꆢ틔풴캪훷뗄웸럕튲쫇폫맛훚뷸탐붻쇷ꆢ릹돉뷢쮵쾵춳뗄튻늿럖ꆣ돶랢뗣살짨볆뷢쮵쾵춳ꆣ뫶쫓쇋튻훖뛀솢폚풴뫍짨31211ꆡ톡폃쫊떱뗄뷢쮵쎽쳥ퟩ뫏쪩컼틽뛸뛔싃폎헟닺짺ퟅ맣랺뛸짮죫펰쿬뗄틲쯘,벴짧늩컯망뷢쮵쎽쳥냼삨뷢쮵없ꆢ뷢쮵헛튳ꆢ뷢쮵풱ꆢ폯믡붻췹뫍탄샭붻쇷쯹탎돉뗄쒳훖쒬웵뫍죏춬ꆣ헢뛔폚틴떼샀믺ꆢ햹뎡닩톯뗧쓔믲닩톯첨(kiosk)ꆢ펰욬럅펳믲뷢뻶늩컯망뗄믺릹탎쿳뫍ꆰ샤죈늻뻹ꆱ뗄쿖쿳쿔좻쫇늻펰쿱쇏뗈뛠훖탎쪽ꆣ헢웤훐늩컯망ퟮ뎣폃뗄뷢쮵쎽샻뗄ꆣ쳥쫇없쪾,떫쫇Uzzell횸돶쫂쪵횤쏷뺡맜햹쳼뗄짨볆헟2ꆡꆰ뎡쯹틀삵ꆱ샭싛뗄쳡돶죏캪닎맛헟쫇춨맽햹쪾없살톧쾰뗄ꆣ떫쫇쪵볊쟩뿶쫇ꆰ뎡쯹틀삵ꆱ샭싛쫇뷢쫍ꆰ쒳킩뗘랽폫죋횮볤쯆뫵듦죋쏇춨맽햹쪾없톧떽뗄뚫컷뫜짙,틲캪쯻쏇뷶폃뫜짙뗄퓚ퟅ튻훖쳘쫢뗄틀삵맘쾵ꆱ헢룶뿍맛쿖쿳뗄폐킧샭싛릤쪱볤살퓄뛁햹쪾없ꆣ늢쟒없쪾뗄ퟖ쳥ꆢ듳킡ꆢ닄쇏ꆢ룟뻟ꆣ쯼듓뗘샭뗄ꆢ짧믡뗄ꆢ탄샭톧뗄뷇뛈뷢쫍쇋죋쏇뛔뛈ꆢ퇕즫뗈뗈틲쯘뚼펰쿬ퟅ맛훚뛔폚없쪾뗄샭뷢ꆣ볓횮폚뫎훖뗘랽믲헟뗘랽뗄쓄킩랽쏦룼죝틗닺짺틀삵ꆣ뛔뫜뛠늩컯망죏캪닎맛헟뿉틔ퟔ탐맛달햹욷듓뛸뗃돶ퟔ폚싃폎쪵볹살쮵,헢룶샭싛컞틉캪컒쏇쳡릩쇋튻훖볓잿벺뗄뷡싛뛸늻쫇쳽듓뇰죋볓폐욫볻뗄맛뗣ꆣ틲듋웕뇩싃폎짨쪩ꆢ싃폎뺰뗣ꆢ싃폎폎뿍횮볤뗄솪쾵,듙뷸훘폎뫍듦퓚없쪾뛔폚햹욷뗄쮵쏷늻뛠뗄쟩뿶,맛훚듓없쪾믱뗃룄짆탎쿳뗄냬램ꆣ쯼듓솽룶랽쏦붨릹쇋튻훖죋폫뗘횮뗄탅쾢뫜짙ꆣ죏횪톧톧헟삳캬쮹(W1J1Lewis)춨맽퇐뺿볤뗄맘쾵:ꆰ뎡쯹틀뾿(placedependence)ꆱ뫍ꆰ뎡쯹죏죏캪:죋뛔쫂컯뗄볇틤돌뛈쫇폫죏횪뗄랽쪽쏜쟐쿠맘춬(placeidentity)ꆱꆣꆰ뎡쯹틀뾿ꆱ잿뗷뗄쫇튻훖릦쓜뗄ꆣ죧죋쏇뛔ퟔ벺쟗ퟔ훆ퟷ믲닎폫웤훐뗄쫂컯,볇틤돌탔틀삵,쳥쿖쇋풴벰웤쳡릩뗄짨쪩뗄훘튪탔ꆣꆰ뎡쯹뛈쫇90%;춨맽쫓뻵뗄볇틤돌뛈쫇50%;춨맽퓄뛁뗄볇죏춬ꆱ쫇횸튻훖뺫짱탔틀삵,횸룶쳥폫뿍맛뮷뺳뗄헢퇹틤돌뛈쫇30%;뛸쳽뻵뗄볇틤돌뛈횻폐10%ꆣ틲듋,늩튻훖틀삵맘쾵,헢훖맘쾵틀뾿튻룶폫룃뮷뺳폐맘뗄룶죋컯망뷢쮵쾵춳퓚없쪾횮췢뮹튪뢨틔튻킩쿖듺뮯뗄뛠풪폐틢믲컞틢뗄쿫램ꆢ탅퇶ꆢ욫뫃ꆢ룐뻵ꆢ볛횵맛ꆢ쒿뗄ꆢ탐뮯햹쪾쫖뛎ꆣ캪쟷쿲뫍벼쟉ퟛ뫏탎돉뗄뢴뫏쳥뛸탎돉ꆣ쿖폐퇐뺿랢뎡뺰뢴풭ꆢ쒣탍ꆢ뺰맛뫍쫽ퟖ뮯탅쾢뗈뢨훺탔뷢쮵쿖싃폎헟뗄춶죫폫뷢쮵럾컱훊솿뗄룐횪헽쿠맘,튲폫뒫능쫖뛎뗄쪹폃뿉틔쪹돂쇐훷쳢룼춻돶ꆢ룼쾵춳,룼뢻ꆰ뎡쯹틀삵ꆱ헽쿠맘ꆣ틲듋,ꆰ뎡쯹틀삵ꆱ폫뷢쮵럾컱훊폐횪쪶탔ꆢ좤캶탔뫍닎폫탔ꆣ헢퇹,맛훚퓚닎맛맽돌훐솿헽쿠맘ꆣ놾컄쫔듓뎡쯹틀삵뫍뎡쯹죏춬살첸늩컯망볈뿉믱뗃쏀톧뗄쳥퇩,튲믱뗃샺쪷컄뮯뗄쳕튱ꆣ떫쫇쿖뷢쮵쾵춳죧뫎뒴퓬뎡쯹틀삵살컼틽맛훚늢붨솢폫맛훚듺뛠풪뮯쫖뛎뻍튻뚨쫇뷢뻶늩컯망삧뺳뗄쇩떤쏮튩쎴?뗄뎤웚솪쾵ꆣ떱잰튻킩늩컯망쎤쒿뗘듳솿퓋폃룟탂벼쫵햹쪾ꆣ늻맜3ꆡ늩컯망뎡쯹틀삵뗄쾵춳릹붨웤폫늩컯망뗄햹욷쓚몭뫍훷쳢쫇럱킭뗷,튲늻맜쫇럱쓜311ꆡ룹뻝뎡쯹틀삵샭싛살훆뚨뷢쮵쾵춳맦뮮릻돤럖뗘랢믓쓜킧,뛠쎽쳥ꆢ뢴풭쒣탍ꆢ짹맢뗧뮥뚯햹쪾컒맺늩컯망뗄릤ퟷ췹췹틔뗤님욷캪훐탄,룼뛠뗘맘짨놸ꆢ뎡뺰ꆢ삯쿱돤돢헻룶늩컯망ꆣ맛훚뗄힢틢솦놻힢햹욷뗄컯훊탎쪽,뫶쫓뛔햹욷뗄샺쪷놳뺰뫍컄뮯쓚몭틆떽헢킩뛠풪뮯햹쪾쫖뛎놾짭,뛸뫶싔쇋늩컯망뗄햹욷ꆤ90ꆤ
ꆶ죭뿆톧ꆷ2008쓪3퓂ꆤ뗚22뻭ꆤ뗚3웚(ퟜ뗚99웚)맜샭뿆톧벰웤컄뮯쓚몭ꆣ듓뛸퓬돉쇋뷰뗄샋럑뫍럕캧뗄웆뮵ꆣ맜폐죋죏캪뷢쮵죋풱뗄돶쿖믡웆뮵쯻쏇닎맛뗄ퟔ평뛈ꆣ짵훁폐킩늩컯망돶쿖쇋퓫짹ꆢ맢뗧죅죋뗄컊쳢ꆣ뫜쿔떫쫇뷢쮵죋풱쫊쪱쫊뛈뗄뷢쮵럾컱ퟜ믡볓짮맛훚뗄쇋좻,맽뛈뗘ힷ쟳ꆢ틀삵쿖듺뮯뛠풪뮯쫖뛎늢럇늩컯망뷢뷢ꆣ늢평죋폫죋횮볤뗄횱뷓뛔뮰뛸닺짺튻뚨돌뛈뗄쟩쮵ퟮ병톡퓱ꆣ룐죏춬ꆣ맛훚횮볤뗄붻췹뎣뎣춨맽뮥뚯폎쾷폫붻쇷뇭뇊헟죏캪,떥뒿ힷ쟳탎쪽쫇늻릻뗄,컞싛닉폃뫎훖쿖돶살ꆣ퓚튻듎폐좤뗄첸뮰뫍폎쾷뗄춬쪱ퟜ쓜뒴퓬돶뷢쮵쎽쳥믲헟쎽쳥ퟩ뫏,ퟮ훘튪뗄쫇튪좫돌ꆢ좫랽캻ퟰ튻훖쏀뫃뺭샺뗄펡쿳ꆣ늩컯망튲믡틲듋뇤뗃늻쓇쎴샤훘맛훚뗄쟳횪폻뫍탨쟳,붫횪쪶뫍맘뮳째춸떽쾸뷚ꆣ죧뇹뇹,뛸탎돉튻훖룐쟩뫍쟩탷뗄뎡폲,죃죋죏뿉늢닺짺춨맽췸싧벰웤쯻튻킩쟾뗀뗄뷩짜뫍탻뒫쪹잱퓚맛훚뷸쟗뷼룐ꆣ횾풸헟뫍볒뗄닎폫쫇컒맺늩컯망죝틗뫶쫓죫늩컯망횮잰뻍뛔늩컯망폐쯹죏쪶쇋뷢;퓚죫뿚뒦짨훃뗄튻룶뷢쮵쎽뷩,쯻쏇춬쪱튲쫇훘튪뗄붻쇷랽쪽ꆣ횾풸톯첨ꆢ붲뷢쫒뫍쇏쫒릩맛훚뛔늩컯망폐룶ퟜ쳥뗄죏헟죋풱춨뎣살ퟔ짧믡룷뷗닣뫍룷탐튵ꆣ쯻쏇뗄붲뷢폫쪶뫍쇋뷢,벤랢웰맛훚뗄탋좤;쿲맛훚쳡릩쏢럑닎맛쫖붻쇷쓜쯵뛌폫맛훚뗄뻠샫,룸맛훚튻훖쟗쟐룐,돉캪늩닡,쳡릩햹쟸럖늼욽쏦춼릩맛훚닎뾼;뛔늩컯망뗄햹쫂컯망뗄튻훖탎쿳듺퇔ꆣ낲업뫍뢽볓럾컱뷸탐쿪뺡쮵쏷,뛔늩컯망뗄럾컱짨쪩짨31312ꆡ럡뢻늩컯망짧믡붻췹탎쪽틔잿뮯맛훚뛔폚늩컯훃튻킩쿈떼뇪횾;랽뇣맛훚늢뷢돽맛훚닎맛쪱뗄욣랦쟩망뎡쯹짧믡컄뮯죏춬탷ꆢ캪햹욷훆ퟷ뢴훆욷릩맛훚뷼뻠샫쳥퇩뫍뮥뚯뗈뗈ꆣ퓚쿖듺뛠풪뮯랢햹뗄첬쫆쿂,늩컯망짧믡붻췹늻쓜31212ꆡ럡뢻뷢쮵쓚죝횻뻖쿞폚볲떥뗄붲뷢럾컱ꆣ뛸펦쳡릩뛠뷇뛈ꆢ뛠쇬폲뗄짺믮퓚톶쪱듺쫜떽솼뫃뷌폽뗄맛훚쿔좻틑뺭늻붻췹ꆣ죧뾪햹솪뫏훷쳢닎맛,벴뛠룶늩컯망솪뫏웰살뷸싺ퟣ폚ꆰ횪웤좻ꆱ뗄뷢쮵쓚죝ꆣ쯻쏇뮹쿫ꆰ횪웤쯹틔탐춬튻훷쳢뗄햹쪾폫뷢쮵ꆣ퓚늩컯망폫늩컯망짧믡붻좻ꆱꆣ틲듋,늩컯망퓚뷢쮵뗄쓚죝짏튪럡뢻쿪쪵,캪맛훚췹뛠풪뮯뗄춬쪱,튲붫맛훚뗄짧믡붻췹뛠풪뮯,퓚짧믡쳡릩쟥컺뗄싶싧ꆣ뛔폚럇톧쾰뚯믺뗄맛훚살쮵,뷢쮵쓚짏닺짺룼맣듳뗄뛔폚늩컯망탐튵뗄틀삵ꆣ쇭췢,퓚룷ퟔ죝뮹튪짨볆뗃믮웃폐좤ꆣ늩컯망펦뻍늩컯망벰웤햹욷뗄늩컯망쓚,튪쳡릩쏅뗄붻쇷ꆢ첽쳖ꆢ톧쾰뗄뿕볤ꆣ뚨쿠맘샺쪷놳뺰ꆢ튵횪쪶뷸탐뷩짜ꆣ돽듋횮췢,뮹뿉틔웚뻙냬퇐쳖믡ꆢ횪쪶붲ퟹꆢ엠통냠ꆢ톯믡,쪹늩컯망뗄뷩짜뫜뛠쿠맘쓚죝뫍횪쪶ꆣ맺췢튻킩늩컯망짵훁뾼싇릫릲뿕볤뗃떽룼돤럖뗄샻폃,룼뫃뗘랢믓짧믡릦쓜ꆣ돽떽붫놾맺퓚쒳튻샺쪷쪱웚뗄컄뮯돉맻훃폚폫춬쪱웚믲듋횮췢,늩컯망뗄뷢쮵뮹튪ퟟ돶늩컯망,뷸탐룼맣삫랶쿠뷼뗄웤쯻컄쏷뗄뇈뷏횮훐,틔벤랢쏱훚ퟔ뫀룐뫍ퟔ탅캧뗄럾컱ꆣ죧ퟟ뷸킣풰,ퟟ뷸짧쟸,룼뷸튻늽쳹뷼쪵볊ꆢ탄ꆣ튲탭뫜뛠늩컯망믡놧풹쮵없쪾뒫듯뗄탅쾢솿첫킡,쳹뷼짺믮ꆢ쳹뷼좺훚ꆣ뛸뛠쎽쳥뗄춶죫뫜듳ꆣ웤쪵횻튪캪햹욷뇠뫅,퓚뷢쮵없4ꆡ뷡싛뗄믹뒡짏볓틔쫩튳쪽뷢쮵벴뿉ꆣ퓚헢튻뗣짏펢맺늩컯죧맻쮵싃폎헟쫇럱쾲뮶튻룶뺰쟸믲뎡쯹쫇폃뷅살망뗄ퟶ램뫜횵뗃뷨본ꆣ쯻쏇짵훁퓚망쓚짨훃쇋춼쫩망,춶욱뗄ꆣ쓇쎴뎡쯹틀삵샭싛퓲쫇뷢뻶싃폎헟평뷅떽탄퓚햹쳼쓚냚럅쇋냙뿆듊뗤랽뇣맛훚폐컊쳢쯦쪱닩퓄ꆣ퓙떽뷅뗄훘폎뻶닟뗄훘튪틀뻝ꆣ돏좻,죋쏇뛔폚늩컯망313ꆡ뎡쯹죏춬뗄붨솢뗄뎡쯹틀삵늻뷶뷶좡뻶폚늩컯망뗄뷢쮵쾵춳,뮹튪틀뾿뎡쯹뻟폐쏷쿔뗄컄뮯틲쯘,쫇쪹짧믡쒣쪽퓚뿕볤랶룼뛠뗄훮죧쿠맘뗄럾컱뫍짧믡ꆢ뺭볃뗈틲쯘ꆣ떫쫇,벯캧쓚퓋ퟷ뻟쳥뮯뗄튻룶룅쓮ꆣ쯼쫇닺짺죋폫죋횮볤,짧뫏쇋듳솿뗄톶뫍럡뢻뗄컄뮯폯뺳뗄늩컯망죧뫎붫쟸뫍컄뮯맘쾵뗄뗘뗣뫍놳뺰ꆣ뛸쟒죋쏇훘쫓뗄쫇헢킩톶ힼ좷뗘뒫듯룸싃폎헟,쪹횮헽좷뗘뷢뛁늩컯망럡뢻뗄짧믡맘쾵뛸늻뷶뷶쫇뎡쯹놾짭ꆣ뎡쯹틀삵쫇죋폫뎡쯹컄뮯쓚몭,뷢쮵쾵춳웰ퟅ맘볼탔뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ틲듋,듓풴ꆢ횮볤믹폚룐쟩(쟩탷ꆢ룐뻵)ꆢ죏횪(쮼쿫ꆢ횪쪶ꆢ탅퇶)짨쪩ꆢ탄샭ꆢ컄뮯틲쯘랽쏦릹붨늩컯망뗄뎡쯹틀삵폐ퟅ뫍쪵볹(탐뚯ꆢ탐캪)뗄튻훖솪쾵ꆣ웤훐,룐쟩틲쯘쫇뗚훘튪뗄틢틥ꆣ튻캻뗄ꆣ폐퇐뺿횤쏷,짧믡틀삵뇈컯훊틀삵튪룼잿,쟒닎뾼컄쿗:틲쓪쇤뫍탔뇰틀삵돌뛈늻튻퇹ꆣ늩컯망뗄뎡쯹틀삵틠[1]쯯탱뫬.듓럢뇕ퟟ쿲뾪럅ꆪꆪꆪ늩컯망쟐죫싃폎쫐뎡뗄짨쿫[J].좻ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵,돽쇋붨솢늩컯망펲볾짨쪩뗄틀뾿횮췢샭싛싛첳,2003(21):20-31.,뮹튪룼뷸튻늽뗘맘힢짧믡뫍탄샭닣쏦뗄틀삵ꆣ탎돉탄[2]쇖쏀헤,키뫩룹.늩컯망뮯:뛔싃폎뺰컯컼틽틽쾵춳랢햹뇤뮯뗄샭죏춬ꆢ짧믡죏춬늢탎돉컄뮯죏춬,ퟮ훕탎돉뛔폚늩컯튻훖샭싛쫍틥[J].놱뺩뗚뛾췢맺폯톧풺톧놨,2003(3):61-망뗄뎡쯹죏춬ꆣ64.[3][M].ChapelHill,NC:Univer231311ꆡ틔망쓚짧믡붻췹붨솢맛훚뛔폚늩컯망뎡쯹뗄탄sityofNorthCarolinaPress,1967.샭죏춬[4]컢뇘뮢,뷰뮪,헅샶.싃폎뷢쮵쾵춳뗄맦뮮뫍맜샭[J].싃폎톧늩컯망뷢쮵훐뗄짧믡붻췹냼삨늩컯망릤ퟷ죋풱폫뾯,1999(1):44-47.맛훚ꆢ맛훚횮볤ꆢ맛훚폫볒뫍횾풸헟뗄짧믡붻췹ꆣ뺡(퓰죎뇠벭:헅뺩믔)ꆤ91ꆤ
