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动态轻压下系统软件框架及其健壮性分析
刘斌 1，郭朝晖 2， 方康玲 1， 陈立新 2
1 武汉科技大学冶金自动化与检测技术教育部工程研究中心，武汉（430081）
2 上海宝钢研究院自动化所，上海（201900）
摘 要：动态轻压下是连铸生产中的新技术，它对提高连铸生产率和产品质量有着重要作用。
本文提出了一套连铸动态轻压下控制模型的软件系统设计框架，阐述了该系统的运行模式和
多个并行服务进程之间的功能划分，并对其健壮性进行了分析。实际生产使用效果表明了该
套系统的实用价值。
关键词：连铸；动态轻压下；软件框架；多进程
中图分类号：TF777;TP273 文献标识码：A
0. 前言
在连铸生产过程中，铸坯的质量控制主要涉及三个方面的内容[1] ：铸坯的纯净度，铸
坯表面缺陷和铸坯的内部质量。其中，铸坯的内部质量与二冷区的冷却和支撑系统密切相关。
本文所关注的轻压下技术[2][3]，就是针对连铸坯的低倍结构特点，在铸坯凝固末期，用夹辊
对连铸坯进行适当压缩，减少中心疏松和缩孔，能减轻板坯中心宏观偏析的程度[4] ，从而
提高铸坯内部质量。
动态轻压下是现代连铸生产中的一项新技术，国内多数钢铁企业尚未引进或开发此项技
术。动态轻压下模型系统的可靠性对提高连铸生产率和稳定连铸产品质量有着决定性的影
响。本文介绍了所设计的动态轻压下控制模型软件的系统框架，并对其健壮性[5]进行了分析。
1. 软件系统工作模式
整个软件系统，采用“客户机－服务器”模式，即整个系统分为两个部分：后台运行的服
务器部分和前端运行的客户端部分。
（1）客户端
客户端部分是与用户交互的人机界面，完成过程监测控制（界面）和系统监测控制（界
面）两大部分的功能。整个动态轻压下模型软件的控制功能由服务器端实现；也就是说，客
户端只和用户交互，接受用户的操作命令，命令的真正执行者是服务器端，具体来说是服务
器端的平台管理部分。
用户使用客户端软件，可以对连铸机的生产过程进行监控。例如：用户可以浏览画面，
监测生产过程的数据；可以修改模型配置参数，改进模型系统的运行性能，提高连铸机的生
产能力；可以查询生产过程的历史数据，并对以往的运行情况进行分析。
(2) 服务器端
服务器部分运行在后台，即模型服务器上，完成模型系统中除了客户端功能之外的其它
所有功能。具体为：完成与 L2应用系统的通讯，数据采集和处理，动态二次冷却模型和动
态铸坯轻压下模型的计算，案例与数据管理，用户管理，数据库访问支持，平台管理等功能。
2. 多进程程序框架
动态轻压下软件系统的所有进程分别被分配在服务器端或客户端部分运行。在服务器端
运行三个服务进程，即：数据采集进程，动态轻压下模型进程和平台管理进程；在客户端运
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行客户端进程。图 1给出了进程间的结构关系。
图 1 进程结构图
数据采集进程
实现模型系统和 L2 应用系统间的双向通讯。从 L2 应用系统获得实时数据，并把模型
系统计算产生的控制策略传送到 L2应用系统。
动态轻压下模型进程
该进程包括铸坯轻压下模型算法及其运行环境。其功能是获取从来自 L2应用系统的设
备实时数据，根据此数据由动态轻压下模型算法进行决策，产生相应的控制信号，通过 L2
的应用系统发送 L1，由 L1控制连铸机设备。每次运行时，要取得模型配置数据、实时数据，
计算并产生控制数据，报告自己的运行状态，供平台管理模块在系统自诊断时使用。
平台管理进程
平台管理进程有如下的主要功能：
(1) 接受客户端发送的系统控制命令和过程控制命令。
(2)自动检查服务器端各进程的运行状况，当出现异常情况，采取相应措施，并向客户端发
送系统报警，供客户端进行系统监测控制。
(3) 自动向客户端发送实时数据、控制数据、过程报警等数据，供客户端进行过程监控。
(4) 创建并管理共享存储区，保证服务器端的各个进程利用共享存储区正确、可靠的进行数
据交换。
客户端（界面）进程
客户端界面包含运行监控界面和模型管理界面。
监控界面由参数画面、趋势图、模拟图等组成。从 L2应用系统取得的实时数据，控制
模型算法产生控制数据，通过画面动态实时显示。大部分数据通过曲线的形式显示，对于铸
坯轻压下以图形方式显示辊子的位置。其它还包括显示当前系统的运行状态，运行状态的切
换，采样周期的调整，系统异常情况的报警等。图 2是动态轻压下模型客户端监控界面中的
动态轻压下曲线画面。
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图 2 动态轻压下曲线画面
模型管理界面主要负责与连铸机设备和动态轻压下模型相关的重要参的设置和修改。将
设备参数与模型参数接口化、界面化，便于把连铸机的模型系统推广应用到其它类型的连铸
机上。
3. 系统健壮性分析
在动态轻压下模型软件系统的设计中，首先，采用模式化运行方式，将系统分解成服务
器端和客户端两个部分；其次，将主要功能模块化为多个并行运行的服务进程。这些措施都
有利于分散系统功能。功能的分散，有利于故障的诊断和排除，也大大降低了整个系统瘫痪
的可能性，从而提高系统的健壮性。
当用户在客户端执行操作时，如果引起软件或者操作系统出现异常，只会局限于客户端
部分，不会影响到和连铸机相连接的在线运行部分（即运行在服务器端的后台进程）。当客
户端出现故障时，只需将客户端重新启动运行，完全不会影响服务器端其它进程的运行。
当动态轻压下模型出现故障，不能正常运行，也不会影响数据采集进程的数据读取，以
及客户端界面进程的监控和操作。只需将该进程重新运行，就可再次开始轻压下的相关运算。
以上是运行模式化，功能模块化的两个实例。除平台管理进程外，其它功能模块也同样
具有自己的独立性，自身的运行异常，不会对其它模块正常运行产生影响。平台管理进程，
相当于所有进程的管理者，它的异常会影响整个系统的正常运行。因此，对平台管理进程具
有更高的可靠性要求。
4. 结论
本文提出了一套连铸动态轻压下控制模型的软件系统设计框架，介绍该系统的运行模式
和功能划分。采用客户端与服务器端分离，以及多个进程独立并行运行的软件系统框架，有
利于故障的诊断和排除，而且大大提高了系统的健壮性。经过实际连铸生产系统的检验，说
明了该软件框架的合理性。
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参考文献
[1] 蔡开科. 铸钢原理与工艺. 北京: 冶金工业出版社，2005.
[2] Yamada, et al. Production of hydrogen induced craking resistant steel by CC soft reduction, 71st Steelmaking
Conference Proceedings, Toronto Meeting, , 75-85, 1998.
[3] Byrne, Tercelli. Mechanical soft reduction in billet casting. Steel Times International, October:33-35, 2002.
[4] Markus, J.. The latest results of dynamic soft reduction in slab cc_machine. Steel making conference
proceeding, -205, 2000.
[5] Michael N. H., Vance T. H.. Ronust software, IEEE internet computing, http: //www. cse. sc. edu/ research/
cit/ publications/ papers/ .
Software Framework and Robustness Analysis of a Dynamic
Soft Reduction System in Continuous Casting
Liu Bin1, Guo Zhaohui2, Chen Lixin2, Fang Kangling1
1 Engineering Research Center for Metallurgical Automation and Detecting Technology, Ministry
of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology，Wuhan (430081)
2 Automation Institute, Shanghai Baosteel Research Institute, Shanghai (201900)
Abstract
Dynamic soft reduction is a new technology in continuous casting and it affects greatly productivity
and product quality of continuous casting. The software framework for a dynamic soft reduction
control model is presented, both the operation mode and the function division among several parallel
service processes are introduced, and then the robustness of the software system is analyzed. The
application results show the practical values of the software framework.
Keywords: continuous casting; dynamic soft reduction; software framework; multi-process
作者简介：
刘斌 (1972－)，女，汉，湖北武汉人，博士，副教授，主要从事预测控制方面的研究以及
冶金优化控制方面的研究与开发；
郭朝晖（1968－），男，汉，山东人，博士，教授，博导，主要从事冶金工业模型控制方面
的研发工作；
方康玲（1947－），女，汉，武汉人，本科，教授，博导，主要从事智能控制，及冶金优化
控制方面的研究。
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/NOR <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>
/SVE <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>
>>
>> setdistillerparams
<<
/HWResolution [2400 2400]
/PageSize [ ]
>> setpagedevice
