2005쓪2퓂삭뚡쏀훞퇐뺿Apr12005ꆡ뗚27뻭ꆡ뗚2웚놱쏀ퟔ평쎳틗킭뚨뛔쒫컷룧얩튵뗄펰쿬ꆤ헅ꆡ폂ꆡ샮ꆡ퇴ꆡꆡ톧쫵뷧폐맘ꆰ놱쏀ퟔ평쎳틗킭뚨(NAFTA)뛔쫗쿈쫇닺욷뷡릹ꆣ폱쏗쫇쫜돥믷ퟮ듳뗄믹뒡얩쒫컷룧뗄펰쿬쫇샻듳폚뇗,뮹쫇뇗듳폚샻ꆱ뗄헹싛ퟷ컯ꆣ훚쯹훜횪,쒫컷룧뗄폱쏗컅쏻폚쫀,좻뛸퓚뗚퓧퓚잩쫰룃킭뚨횮잰뻍틑뺭뾪쪼쇋,헢훖붻럦훁뷱폫쏀맺뗄쎳틗훐좴뒦폚쇓쫆ꆣ뻝춳볆,1989쓪쏀뛾쪮죔좻뫜벤쇒,튲탭헹싛뮹붫돖탸쿂좥ꆣ캪쪲쎴쓘?맺짺닺1뛖폱쏗뫍닋뚹뗄돉놾럖뇰쫇92174쏀풪뫍웟뻭틲캪ퟷ캪NAFTA뗄훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖,쒫컷룧뗄얩튵219153쏀풪,뛸퓚쒫컷룧쫇258162쏀풪뫍641117뗚늿쏅쪼훕ퟳ폒ퟅ죋쏇뛔샻뇗뗃쪧뗄에뛏ꆣ쇭췢,퓚쏀풪ꆣ1992쓪쏀맺뛔쒫컷룧돶뿚폱쏗뗄볛룱뷶캪뛾웚NAFTA짺킧10훜쓪횮볊,쒫컷룧뛔웤풤웚쒿뇪뫍쒫컷룧맺쓚놣횤볛룱뗄튻냫ꆣꋚ쒫컷룧쫟닋뫍쮮맻ꆡ뛾쪵볊돉맻뷸탐쾵춳움맀뗄퇐뺿돉맻쟼횸뿉쫽,헢쮵뻟폐뷏잿뗄돶뿚잱솦,1994ꆫ2001쓪훷튪돶뿚8훖ꇰ쏷움볛NAFTA쪵볊짏쫇튻볾늻죝틗뗄쫂쟩ꆣ듋췢,쫟닋(슫쯱ꆢ닋뮨ꆢ뫺시늷벰시늷ꆢ믆맏ꆢ듳쯢ꆢꇰ컥1995쓪쒫컷룧뺭샺쇋뻧쇒뗄뺭볃캣믺,얩튵늿쏅퇳듐ꆢ뫺붷뫍랬쟑),웤훐믆맏뫍랬쟑뗄돶뿚솿ퟮ쓪쯄틬뎣뢴퓓,뛸ퟮ뷼3뷬헾뢮뗄맺쓚헾닟좱랦솬탸듳,럖뇰캪3417췲뛖뫍7313췲뛖;퓚훷튪돶뿚쮮퓂ꆡ탔,믺릹룄룯퓶쳭뇤쫽뗈,헢킩뚼쫇럁낭뷸탐쟥컺맻(샦ꆢ쓻쏊ꆢ쎢맻ꆢ쿣맏ꆢ료뷛ꆢ닝?뫍컷V움맀뗄틲쯘ꆣ놾컄쫔춼듓뛔폱쏗짺닺뗄럖컶,첽쳖맏)훐,쿣맏뫍컷맏뗄돶뿚솿쏻쇐잰쎩,럖뇰캪ol1NAFTA뛔쒫컷룧얩튵뗄펰쿬ꆣ2212췲뛖뫍2312췲뛖ꆣꋛ춬웚,쒫컷룧훷튪뷸뿚27N듳싳ꆢ닋뚹ꆢ폱쏗ꆢ룟솻ꆢ듳뚹뫍킡싳,웤훐폱쏗o12튻ꆡNAFTA룸얩튵듸살뗄쿔훸뇤뮯뫍룟솻뗄뷸뿚솿ퟮ듳,럖뇰캪52213췲뛖뫍41317Ap췲뛖ꆣꋜr12(튻)얩튵쎳틗ퟜ쳥짏돊퓶뎤첬쫆,떫늻욽뫢웤듎쫇믹뒡얩ퟷ컯뗄퓶뎤훷튪벯훐퓚맠룈쳯ꆣ005쳘헷쏷쿔볓죫NAFTA뫳,맠룈쳯뗄얩ퟷ컯닺솿듳럹퓶뎤,헽죧죋쏇풤웚뗄쓇퇹뛸폪붽뗘퓲믹놾캬돖풭폐쮮욽ꆣ헢튻랽쏦쮵쏷ퟔ좻,평폚맘쮰뫍맘쮰뇚생뗄복짙,얩튵뷸돶뿚퓶볓ꆣퟔ쎳틗ퟔ평뮯틔살,2001쳵볾뻶뚨얩ퟷ컯짺닺뷡릹,쇭튻랽쏦튲횤쏷얩쏱튪쓪쒫컷룧뷸뿚뇈1990쓪퓶볓154%,돶뿚퓶볓믱뗃믘놨뻍뇘탫ힷ볓춶틔쳡룟췁뗘짺닺쓜솦ꆣ틲93%ꆣ1994ꆫ1995쓪쫇쎳틗뚸퓶뗄맘볼쪱웚,얩튵듋,뛔폚쒫컷룧살쮵,얩튵돶뿚뗄퓶뎤뗣퓚룼볓뢻쎳틗ퟜ뛮햼얩튵닺횵뗄뇈훘평%짏짽떽ퟣ뫍랱죙뗄놱늿,뛸폱쏗뷸뿚잿웈놣돖풭쪼룻ퟷힴ39152%ꆣꋙNAFTA짺킧뫳,쒫컷룧닺욷듲죫쏀맺첬뗄쓏늿ퟶ돶뷡릹뗷헻ꆣ뫍볓쓃듳쫐뎡,쟸쓚쎳틗듳럹퓶뎤ꆣNAFTA냑맘(뛾)뗷헻얩튵늹쳹뷡릹,떫헾닟놾짭짐듦쮰뗈벶엤뛮좱쿝(TRQs)ퟷ캪맽뛉믺훆살쿻돽쫽솿쿞훆틔췆뚯쎳틗ퟔ평뮯ꆣ헢폐샻폚쒫컷룧훰늽퓶볓뷸볓죫NAFTA뫳,얩튵늹쳹듫쪩듓ꆰ볛룱늹쳹ꆱ뿚,쇴돶맺쓚뷡릹뗷헻뗄쪱볤랢햹폅쫆돶뿚닺욷ꆣ쒫컷룧춬웤쯻랢햹훐맺볒튻퇹튲듦퓚뛾풪뺭볃ꋙAntonioYunez-NaudeWiththeCollaborationofFernandoBar2뷡릹ceinasParedes,ꆰLessonsfromNAFTA:TheCaseofMexicoꆯsAgricultural,벴쿖듺뮯짺닺뗄릤튵늿쏅뫍뒫춳실뫳뗄얩튵Sectorꆱ,FinalReporttotheWorldBank,December2002,p140.늿쏅늢듦,틔벰얩듥믺킵뮯짺닺ꆢ킧싊룟뗄듳얩뎡ꋚ쯎쿾욽뗈훸:ꆶ컷냫쟲쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯퇐뺿ꆷ,놱뺩,쫀뷧폫쫖릤짺닺ꆢ킧싊뗍쿂뗄킡얩뺭볃늢듦ꆣ쯹틔,퓚횪쪶돶냦짧,2001쓪,뗚181튳ꆣꆡ쎳틗ퟔ평뮯뗄돥믷쿂ꋛꋜꆡAntonioYunez-NaudeandFernandoBarceinasParedes,The34,얩튵늻뿉뇜쏢뗘돊쿖돶늻욽AgricultureofMexicoAfterTenYearsofNAFTAImplementation,draft,뫢쳘헷,헢훷튪뇭쿖퓚닺욷뷡릹폫얩튵춶짏ꆣCarnegieEndowmentforInternationalPeace,31stJuly,2003.' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
룄캪ꆰ쫕죫횧돖ꆱꆣ얩튵늹쳹틔췹춨뎣닉폃솽훖뿚뚨잮뮨퓚뫎뒦틔벰죧뫎좥뮨,쯹틔튲늻펦룃죏캪쫇뺶볆쯣,벴짺닺헟늹쳹뗈횵(PSE)뫍쿻럑헟늹쳹튻쿮춶볆뮮ꆣ쯼횻쫇튻훖맽뛉탔쫕죫퓙럖엤믺뗈횵(CSE)ꆣ쯦ퟅ1994쓪NAFTA짺킧,쒫컷룧뾪훆,쓜릻쪹얩튵뇤돉췪좫ퟔ평뮯뗄늿쏅,늢틔룼쪼쪵탐튻쿮얩튵늹쳹볆뮮(PROCAMPO),쯼좡듺볓폐킧뗄랽쪽럖엤풴ꆣ듋췢,평폚룃볆뮮폫닺쇋풭살얤쟺쎳틗맘쾵뗄ꆰ볛룱늹쳹ꆱ뛸횱뷓뷸탐(췁뗘)쿠솪쾵,쯹틔횧뢶뗄듳늿럖늹쳹늻뿉뇜쏢ꆰ쫕죫횧돖ꆱꆣ뻝폐맘쫽뻝쿔쪾,1994쓪얩튵늹쳹뗘쇷쿲듳얩뎡훷ꆣꋟ볆뮮횧돶풼49틚뇈쯷(14틚쏀풪)폃폚ꆰ쫕죫횧(죽)얩듥탎쫆벰욶삧돌뛈룼볓쇮죋떣폇돖ꆱ,1995쓪횧돶59틚뇈쯷(9틚쏀풪),1996쓪룹뻝쒫컷룧얩튵늿쳡릩뗄ퟮ탂쫽ퟖ,2001쓪맀볆풼68틚뇈쯷(9틚쏀풪)ꆣꋝ룃볆뮮틔쳡룟췁얩듥뗘쟸8115%뗄죋뿚짺믮퓚욶삧훐ꆣ얩튵뺭볃뗘룻ퟷ싊ꆢ맄샸얩뮧짺닺믽벫탔캪쒿뗄,헾뢮룹뻝ퟔ솢죋뿚뗄욶삧싊듓1989쓪뗄54%짏짽떽1998쓪헅얩뮧쪵볊룻훖췁뗘쏦믽뛸랢럅튻뚨뷰뛮뗄늹쳹,떱뗄ꆡ64%ꆣ쇭뻝쒫컷룧뺭볃퇐뺿폫뷌톧훐탄뗄놨룦폂뗘얩튵맜샭늿쏅룹뻝얩뮧짏놨쪵볊룻ퟷ쏦믽뷸탐뫋쿔쪾ꆡ,1992쓪틔살,얩튵늿쏅맍펶릤죋뗄뇈훘쿂쪵좷죏뫳,쎿쓪헾뢮쯹맦뚨뗄떥캻쏦믽늹쳹뷰뛮뷸샮붵쇋10룶냙럖뗣,얩듥릤뇈웤쯻뺭볃늿쏅(죧ꆡ탐랢럅퇴,죧튻쓪솽벾룻훖퓲뿉믱솽듎늹쳹ꆣ춬쪱,붨훾늿쏅)뗍30%ꆣꆡ훰늽복짙쪵탐뒫춳얩튵볛룱늹쳹뗄맺펪쏱짺릫쮾뗄ퟔ쒫컷룧볓죫NAꆡFTA틔살,죋뻹GDP폐쯹퓶놱룉풤ꆣ튻쿮쫽뻝뇭쏷,1993ꆫ1994쓪맺펪쏱짺릫쮾뎤쏀,떫헢늢쎻폐복뮺얩듥뗄욶삧뮯컊쳢,웤훐튻룶풼릺싲맺쓚폱쏗릩펦뗄ퟔ45%,1995ꆫ1998쓪쎿쓪풭틲쫇얩튵짺닺퓶뎤늻컈뚨ꆣ20쫀볍90쓪듺얩튵평럖뇰쿂붵훁쎳2013%ꆢ818%ꆢ19%뫍1215%ꆣ룃릫짺닺쓪뻹퓶뎤싊캪117%,2000쓪뫍2001쓪럖뇰캪틗쮾맺쓚릺싲닋뚹뇈훘평1993쓪뗄3015%붵훁1994킭016%뫍119%ꆣ얩튵퓚맺쏱뺭볃훐뗄ퟷ폃튻횱퓚쿂뚨쓪뗄2418%,1995쓪볌탸붵훁1813%,뛸쯦뫳솽붵뛔,쒿잰얩튵햼GDP뗄뇈훘캪414%,폫1980쓪쓪붵떽쒫8%뗄ퟮ뗍뗣ꆣꋞ튻냣죏캪,ꆰ쫕죫횧돖ꆱ듫쪩뛔짺닺뫍볛룱뗄쿠뇈쿂붵쇋4룶냙럖뗣ꆣ쇭췢컷,1994ꆫ2000쓪췢맺룧얤쟺ퟷ폃늻듳,폅폚ꆰ볛룱늹쳹ꆱ듫쪩ꆣ좻뛸,쿖횱뷓춶(FDI)퓶볓쇋,떫뷶폐013%뗄뷰뷸얩쪵쟩뿶쫇랢듯맺볒뻓룟늻쿂뗄맺쓚늹쳹쳡룟쇋얩쏱죫얩튵짺닺쇬폲,듳뛠쫽FDI춶퓚쇋뗚뛾ꆢ죽벶뢽튵뗄돶쫛얩닺욷뗄쪵볊쫕죫,쪹횮룟폚맺쓚쫐뎡뻹뫢볛볓횵룟뗄얩닺욷짏ꆣ쪳욷볓릤튵컼쓉뗄펰FDI듓1993쿬룱쮮욽쓪뗄23틚쏀풪퓶볓떽1997쓪뗄50틚쏀풪ꆣ춨맽,듓뛸듌벤얩쏱짺닺룼뛠뗄닺욷,뷸튻늽톹뗍쫀뷧쫐뎡뗄얩닺욷볛룱ꆣ샽죧NAFTA뫍웤쯻뗄쎳틗킭뚨,쒫컷룧돉릦뗘듓맺췢,1996쓪4퓂쏀맺춨맽뗄ꆶ솪냮얩튵룄짆램낸ꆷ좡쿻쇋볛닮늹쳹튻킩듳탍얩튵ퟛ뫏웳튵컼틽떽돵쪼뫍ힷ볓뗄춶,,횼퓚쪹짺닺헟맘힢뻟폐룟돶뿚잱솦뗄탂탋쫐뎡ꆣ떫죧BirdseyeꆢGreenGiantꆢCampbellꆯsSoupꆢHuntꆢ쫇ArthurDanielsMidlandꆢConagraꆢCargill틔벰Tysonꆯ,쏀맺늢캴복짙뛔얩튵짺닺헟뗄늹쳹,죔퓚쪵쪩1996쓪틔잰훆뚨뗄듳늿럖늹쳹헾닟,뻍솬퓚ꆶ솪s뚼쿔훸퓶볓쇋쯼쏇퓚쒫컷룧뗄춶ꆣ냮얩튵룄짆램낸ꆷ훐뻶뚨좡쿻뗄튻킩늹쳹쫂쪵짏튲쫀뷧틸탐ퟮ뷼뗄튻럝놨룦쿔쪾,룼듳뗄쎳틗뾪컞램내쪱좡쿻ꆣ럅뛈쫇폫40%ퟮ욶삧죋뿚뗄쫕죫쮮욽쿂붵쿠맘뗄ꆣ2002쓪5퓂13죕늼쪲ퟜ춳잩쫰쇋탂뗄얩튵램낸,뻶뚨퓚캴살6쓪쓚붫얩닺욷늹쳹퓶늻욽뗈췾킲ퟅ짧믡웤쯻늿쏅뗄샻틦ꆣ퓚쒫컷룧,볓10%ퟮ뢻폐뗄죋뿚뻰좡쇋42%뗄맺쏱쫕죫,뛸67%,벴퓚2007쓪틔잰뛔얩튵뗄늹쳹뇈풭살퓶볓310틚쏀풪ꆣ헢훖폫ퟔ평쎳틗놳뗀뛸돛뗄ퟶ램솢40%ퟮ욶삧뗄죋뿚좴횻쓜뗃떽11%뗄럝뛮ꆣ믹쓡벴퓚맺볊짧믡틽웰탹좻듳늨ꆣ틲듋,벴쪹쫕죫횧돖쾵쫽듓1984쓪뗄01425퓶볓떽2000쓪01481ꆣ냩쯦듫쪩폫뻟쳥닺욷늢늻횱뷓쿠맘,횻튪쓜쳡룟얩쏱캴살뗄쪵볊쫕죫,쯻쏇뻍뿉쓜퓚짺닺돉놾뫍짺닺쫕틦ꋝGꢦrardBonnisandWilfridLegg,ꆰTheOpeningofMexicanAgri2뗄뇈뷏훐톡퓱볌탸짺닺,믲훁짙믡복뮺짺닺쿂붵뗄cultureꆱ,TheOecdObserver,-July1997.ꋞAntonioYunez-NaudeWiththeCollaborationofFernandoBar2럹뛈,쪹쪵볊닺솿룟폚풭놾펦듯떽뗄쮮욽ꆣceinasParedes,ꆰLessonsfromNAFTA:TheCaseofMexicoꆯsAgricultural폐맘퇐뺿죋풱헢퇹움볛얩튵늹쳹볆뮮,뺡맜룃Sectorꆱ,FinalReporttotheWorldBank,December,2002,p15.볆뮮퓶볓쇋캬돖짺듦ힴ첬뗄췁뗘쯹폐헟뗄쫕죫,떫ꋟJohnBaffesandJacobMeerman,ꆰFromPricestoIncomes:Agri2ꆡ35culturalSubsidizationWithoutProtection?ꆱ,TheWorldBank,June13,쫇늻쓜죏캪쯼쫇튻쿮럶욶볆뮮ꆣ틲캪룃볆뮮쎻폐맦1997,pp111-12.' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ퟅ늻욽뗈쿖쿳뗄볓뻧,쒫컷룧얩듥뗄쪧튵싊튲죕쟷폃ퟷ뚯컯쯇쇏,뛸쒫컷룧쫇ퟮ듳뗄냗폱쏗짺닺맺,퓶볓ꆣ춬쪱,쯦ퟅ헾뢮횧돖쿮쒿뗄췋돶,쮽죋늿쏅냗폱쏗춨뎣쫇죋쏇뗄쿻럑쾲뫃ꆣ쒫컷룧훁뷱뮹놣쇴볈컞쓜솦폖컞탋좤쳮늹헾뢮췋돶뗄쇬폲,킡얩횻뫃ퟅ룼놾췁뗄욷훖,뛸쏀맺벯훐퓚벸룶욷훖짏ꆣ웤쏦뛔룼볓퇏뻾뗄탎쫆ꆣ죚ힴ뿶뻍횤쏷쇋쒿잰헢훖듎,쏀맺쪹폃벼쫵쏜벯탍짺닺랽쪽,냼삨듳솿쪹폃삧뺳,얩튵탅듻튲틔뺪죋뗄쯙뛈쿂붵ꆣ퓚1983ꆫ뮯톧튩욷뫍믺킵짨놸ꆣ뛸쒫컷룧80%뗄폱쏗룻뗘1990쓪ꆢ1990ꆫ1994쓪ꆢ1994ꆫ1996쓪뫍1996ꆫ쫇뾿폪쮮맠룈,뚸쟍뛠즽뗄뗘탎뫍욶뗄췁죀뫜쓑2000쓪헢4룶뷗뛎훐,맙랽폫쮽죋햼얩튵탅듻뗄뷸탐믺킵뮯짺닺ꆣ틲캪돉놾풭틲얩쏱튲뫜짙쪹폃뮯뇈훘럖뇰캪5418%뫍4512%ꆢ26159%뫍73141%ꆢ톧튩욷ꆣ뗚죽,듓짺닺싊짏뾴,쒫컷룧쎿릫쟪욽뻹25129%뫍74171%ꆢ24183%뫍75117%ꆣ뛸헢4룶닺117뛖폱쏗뛸쏀맺캪7뛖ꆣ쒫컷룧쎿짺닺1뛖폱뷗뛎얩튵탅듻뗄쓪뻹퓶뎤싊맙랽캪2315%ꆢ쏗욽뻹뮨럑1718룶샍뚯죕,뛸쏀맺횻탨112룶킡2318%ꆢ2712%뫍21912%;쮽죋캪1111%ꆢ17%ꆢ쪱ꆣ쒫컷룧튻킩쪵쪩맠룈뗄쿖듺뮯얩뎡뗄닺솿쯤좻뗚뛾22014%뫍21615%ꆣꋠ퓚쪵탐틔쫐뎡캪떼쿲뗄돶뿚뿉틔폫쏀맺쿠쏀,떫횻쫴샽췢ꆣ쪮웟헾닟잰웚,쮽죋늿쏅퓶볓쇋얩튵탅듻,떫쫇듓쓇틔(튻)늻춬샠탍얩뎡훷쯹쫜뗄펰쿬늻춬뻭뫳복짙쇋닎폫뛈ꆣ얩듥랢햹틸탐Banrural쫔춼쳮늹뗚ꆰ폐뺺헹솦ꆱ뗄얩뎡훷펵폐룟훊솿뗄췁뗘뫍탅뛾쮽죋늿쏅듓럇펯샻얩튵듻뿮훐췋돶뗄뿕좱,뷡맻퓚듻,쳘뇰쫇헾뢮뗄횧돖,듓NAFTA믱틦웄뛠ꆣ벴웚ꆡ2001쓪웆닺쇋ꆣ뛔킡얩뷰죚횧돖뗄쿂붵쿷죵쇋쳡쪹쯻쏇듓폱쏗쿲웤쯻얩ퟷ컯짺닺,튲늻듦퓚컊뛾룟닺솿뗄튻쟐얬솦,틲캪탅듻뛔폚욶삧얩쏱뗄짺닺ꇰ쳢ꆣ뛸캬돖짺볆ꆢ펵폐짙폚5릫쟪췁뗘뗄킡얩햼폱ꇰ춶쫇훁맘훘튪뗄ꆣ컥쏗짺닺헟뗄뇈훘캪45%ꆣ쯻쏇듳늿럖퓚웂뗘룻ퟷ,쓪쯄췁죀훊솿뫜닮,붵쮮쎻폐맦싉ꆣ춬쪱,쯻쏇컞램뗃퓂뛾ꆡ낸샽럖컶:폱쏗짺닺떽벼쫵ꆢ탅듻ꆢ훼님짨놸틔벰쫐뎡쟾뗀뗄횧돖,폈ꆡ웤쫇쓇킩캬돖짺볆뗄얩쏱짮쫜펰쿬ꆣ틲캪쯻쏇좱랦Vo쒫컷룧폱쏗뗄짧믡틢틥뻞듳ꆣ떫쫇,ퟔ평쎳틗l닺,쏦쇙룼룟뗄붻틗돉놾,좱랦쿲룼뻟샻죳뗄돶127뗄볆뮮헟쏇쎻폐붫헢킩틲쯘뾼싇뷸좥,뷡맻떼훂쯻뿚얩ퟷ컯닺뗄쓜솦,뛸쟒뮹놻훐볤짌쯹엌냾ꆣ튻No쏇쎻폐풤닢떽맣랺듦퓚뗄뻜뻸럅웺폱쏗짺닺뗄쟩1킩킡얩쯤좻ퟩ횯쇋뫏ퟷ짧뫍믹닣ퟩ횯,쳡룟쇋폫헾2뿶,틔벰쒫컷룧퓚NAFTA횮뫳얩튵잰뺰훐뗄ꆰ럇A뢮뫍닺욷싲볒첸에뗄쓜솦,떫쯻쏇죔좻뒦폚늻샻뗄pr쫐뎡ꆱ탐캪쳘헷ꆣ1뺳뗘,쫇얩튵훐뺳뿶ퟮ닮뗄튻늿럖ꆣ200퓚쒫컷룧,폱쏗짺닺햼뿉룻뗘뗄60%,뷢뻶(5뛾)ퟔ평쎳틗뗄ꆰ쿝?ꆱ300췲(햼ퟜ죋뿚뗄8%뫍얩튵샍뚯솦죋뿚뗄40%)듓쏀맺뷸뿚폱쏗틔살,쒫컷룧뗄짺닺헟뻍튻횱얩쏱뻍튵ꆣ폱쏗쫇맺볒훷튪뗄솸쪳ퟷ컯,좫맺폐폫쏀맺뗄짺닺헟뷸탐횱뷓뗄뺺헹ꆣ쏀맺폱쏗뗄뗍볛1800췲죋듓쫂폱쏗짺닺ꆣ좫맺72%뗄폱쏗짺닺살룱짨뚨쇋맺볊볛룱,틲캪쏀맺쫇ퟮ듳뗄얩ퟷ컯짺닺ퟔ얩듥뫏ퟷ얩뎡ꆣ헢킩얩뎡뻸듳뛠쫽쫇킡맦쒣짺맺뫍돶뿚맺ꆣ쒿잰,맺볊폱쏗볛룱쫇쎿웑쪽뛺닺,떫닺솿햼폱쏗ퟜ닺솿뗄62%ꆣ폱쏗짺닺햼얩1174쏀풪,룹뻝ퟮ뷼쏀맺얩튵늿쫽ퟖ쿔쪾,튻웑튵ퟜ닺횵뗄뇈훘뎬맽2/3,뛸풰틕얩ퟷ컯뷶햼6%ꆣ쪽뛺뗄짺닺돉놾듳풼쫇2166쏀풪,솽헟횮볤뗄닮ퟮ뻟뺺헹솦뗄폱쏗짺닺퓚컷놱뫍훐놱늿뗄쯷억삭뫍컽쓇싞퇇훝ꆣ헢킩뗘랽춨뎣쫇룉몵뫍냫룉몵웸뫲뛮춨맽횱뷓뫍볤뷓뗄늹쳹쿲얩쏱늹뎥ꆣ내헕헢훖랽,짺닺룟뛈틀삵맠룈ꆢ믺킵뮯ꆢ뮯럊뫍즱돦볁ꆣ램,쏀맺얩쏱뿉믱뗃180틚쏀풪뗄늹쳹,쯻쏇햼샍20쫀볍뚯솦뗄뇈훘짙폚3%ꆣ좻뛸,쒫컷룧뗄얩튵늹쳹볆40쓪듺,헢킩훝쫇얩튵춶ퟮ듳뗄쫜틦헟,ퟔ볓죫NAFTA틔살,틲캪헢샯샫쏀맺ퟮ뷼믱틦ퟮ뮮퓚2002쓪뛔짺닺헟뗄늹쳹풼캪90틚쏀풪ꆣ맺볊뛠ꆣ떫쫇,폱쏗짺닺ퟮ벯훐뗄훝쫇훐늿뫍쓏늿뗄잡쫐뎡뗄뗍볛룱퓶볓쇋쒫컷룧뗄뷸뿚ꆣ쏀맺헾뢮뗄늹엁쮹ꆢ룱샗싞ꆢ틁듯뛻룪ꆢ췟맾뾨뫍캤삭뿋슳쮹훝ꆣ쳹쪹폱쏗뗄릩룸폫탨쟳욫샫쇋ퟔ평쎳틗쯹돧짐뗄헢킩훝쫇욶삧뗘쟸,듳뛠쫽ퟔ룸짺닺헟퓚킡뿩췁뗘ꆰ럇헾훎맬뗀ꆱꆣ쯼쳡릩뗄듳솿늹쳹쪹뺺헹듓뇈뷏폅짏뷸탐벾뷚탔짺닺,쎻폐맠룈짨쪩,닺솿뫜뗍ꆣꆡ쒫컷룧뗄폱쏗짺닺뫍쏀맺폐벫듳뗄늻춬ꆣ쫗ꋠAntonioYunez-NaudeWiththeCollaborationofFernandoBar236ceinasParedes,ꆰLessonsfromNAFTA:TheCaseofMexicoꆯsAgricultural쿈,쏀맺쫇쫀뷧ퟮ듳뗄믆폱쏗짺닺맺,믆폱쏗춨뎣Sectorꆱ,FinalReporttotheWorldBank,December2002,p147.' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
쫆샭싛쇬폲쿲룼볓뢴퓓뗄헾훎쇬폲ꆣ듓솽듎캣믺뎣폃쪳욷폱쏗뇽뗄볛룱늻떫쎻폐쿂붵,랴뛸뮹쳡룟(1982쓪뗄햮컱캣믺뫍1994ꆫ1995쓪뗄뷰죚캣믺)쇋279%ꆣ풭틲폐솽랽쏦ꆣ웤튻,튲쫇ퟮ훘튪뗄,뻍뿉틔쟥컺뗘뾴돶,쫐뎡쫇죧뫎놻맺볊뷴벱헾훎쫂폱쏗뇽뗄볛룱늹쳹튻횱돖탸떽1996쓪,쪳욷볓릤볾ퟳ폒뗄ꆣ헽죧쯹풤웚뗄,NAFTA쪵쪩10쓪살,짌쓜릻붫쯻쏇퓶볓뗄돉놾틆룸쿻럑헟ꆣ웤뛾,쒫쒫컷룧맺쓚뗄폱쏗볛룱틑뺭폫맺볊볛룱솪쾵퓚튻컷룧뗄폱쏗뇽쫐뎡쫇튻룶슢뛏쫐뎡,솽볒ퟮ듳뗄릫웰ꆣ쎳틗킭뚨춨뎣쫜튻킩헾훎틲쯘펰쿬,샽죧돐억쮾(GIMSA뫍MINSA)룷ퟔ뗄쫐뎡럝뛮럖뇰캪훰붥쿻돽뛔짺닺헟뗄늹쳹,틔벰럏돽맺펪쏱짺70%뫍27%,헢솽볒릫쮾춨맽쫐뎡좨솦슢뛏폱쏗릫쮾ꆣ뇽볛룱ꆣ짺닺샭싛죏캪,볛룱쿂붵,짺닺뻍펦룃쯵복ꆣ(쯄)쎻폐폐킧쪵탐맘쮰엤뛮떫쫇,쒫컷룧뗄폱쏗짺닺죔좻놣돖퓚튻룶컈뚨뗄쮮쒫컷룧헾뢮놾펦룃샻폃NAFTA맦퓲놣뮤폱쏗헅욽짏,짵훁퓚NAFTA짺킧뫳뮹싔폐짏짽ꆣ맺췢짺닺ꆡ,룸짺닺헟튻룶룼뎤뗄뗷헻웚(떽2008쓪)ꆣ폂볒죏캪폐틔쿂벸룶풭틲ꆣꋡ퓚NAFTA짺킧뗄뗚튻쓪,폱쏗뗄쏢쮰뷸뿚엤뛮짨ꆡ샮(1)좱랦톡퓱좨ꆣ탭뛠짺닺헟쎻폐쿲룼뻟뺺헹뚨캪250췲뛖ꆣퟔ1995쓪헢룶엤뛮뻍틔쓪뢴뫏싊ꆡ솦뗄얩ퟷ컯닺뗄톡퓱좨ꆣ틲캪쯻쏇좱랦훮죧탅듻퇴3%뗄쯙뛈퓶뎤,횱떽2008쓪ꆣ쓇쪱쏢쮰뷸뿚엤뛮ꆡ뫍벼쫵헢퇹뗄닺,믲쫇틲캪쯻쏇룻훖뗄췁뗘훊솿붫듯떽360췲뛖ꆣ떫쫇,쒫컷룧헾뢮뗄ퟶ램좴폫듋ꆡ놱뫜닮ꆣ뺡맜볛룱늹쳹뫍폱쏗볛룱뚼퓚쿂붵,쯻쏇캪쿠랴ꆣퟔ듓NAFTA짺킧틔살,쎿쓪뷸뿚뗄폱쏗ퟜ쏀쇋캬돖쫕죫쮮욽뮹쫇늻뗃늻퓶볓짺닺ꆣퟔ쫇뎬돶횸뚨뗄엤뛮ꆣ헾뢮펦뛔뎬돶늿럖헷쫕뎬뛮뷸평(2)닺솿퓶볓뫍췁뗘뾪뿑뗄삩헅ꆣ튻럝평퇇샺뿚쮰쎳,떫쪵볊짏쯹폐뗄뷸뿚폱쏗뚼쫇쏢맘쮰뗄ꆣ틗몼뗂싞ꆤ쓉듯뛻킴뗄맘폚췟맾뾨훝폱쏗짺닺뗄퇐킭NAFTA맦뚨,퓚15쓪횮쓚훰늽좡쿻폱쏗맘쮰,떫뚨뺿놨룦쿔쪾,짺닺삩듳뗄25%맩틲폚닺솿뗄퓶볓,쫇쒫컷룧헾뢮퓚뛔1994쓪1퓂떽1996쓪8퓂,벴30쒫65%살ퟔ췁뗘뾪뿑뗄삩헅ꆣ닺솿퓶볓뗄쇭튻룶틲쯘룶퓂쓚뇣좡쿻쇋맘쮰ꆣ웤볤,폱쏗볛룱쿂뗸48%컷,쫇쪹폃즱돦볁뫍뮯럊ꆣ쒫컷룧짺닺헟놻웈볓뿬뗷헻ꆣ폫듋춬쪱,헾뢮뛔얩룧얩(3)폱쏗쫇훷튪뎣폃ꆢ낲좫뗄얩ퟷ컯ꆣ뺡맜폱쏱뗄횧돖복짙쇋,헢킩뚼뛔폱쏗짺닺퓬돉쇋늻샻펰튵뗄쏗볛룱퓚쿂붵,탭뛠뒦폚캬돖짺볆뗄얩쏱캪쇋볒춥쿬펰,뛸쯵뛌뗷헻웚뗄헾닟뛔냑뷸뿚폱쏗ퟷ캪뚯컯쯇쿻럑볌탸훖횲폱쏗ꆣ춬쪱,평폚헾뢮룟뛈놣뮤폱쏗쿬쇏뗄듳릫쮾쫇럇뎣폐틦뗄ꆣ짺닺,탭뛠죋죏캪짺닺폱쏗뗄럧쿕ퟮ킡ꆣ늻풸쎰쿕뻝맀볆,헾뢮럅웺폱쏗맘쮰엤뛮쯹듸살뗄닆헾뗄얩쏱,쳘뇰쫇쓇킩뒦폚짺듦뇟풵뗄킡얩죔좻볌탸쯰쪧뎬맽쇋20틚쏀풪ꆣ룹뻝폈쓡쮹ꆪ억듺뗄퇐뺿,냑폱쏗ퟷ캪튻훖낲좫뗄ퟷ컯ꆣ죻뗏싔헾뢮룸폨쪳욷볓릤짌솮볛폱쏗놣헏뗄ퟶ램얤(4)컄뮯뫍뒫춳ꆣ쒫컷룧훖횲폱쏗샺쪷폆뻃,쟺쇋폱쏗짺닺헟뫍볓릤헟횮볤샻틦뗄욽뫢ꆣ헾뢮떣퓚뗤샱ꆢ틇쪽ꆢퟚ뷌믮뚯ꆢ뒫춳엫틔벰튽톧훎쇆탄죧맻폱쏗뷸뿚짌뇘탫뢶맘쮰뗄뮰,쓇쎴헢킩럑폃훐뚼쪹폃폱쏗ꆣ듓샺쪷짏뾴,쯼탎돉쇋훐쏀훞컄뮯뻍믡춨맽쳡룟폱쏗뇽볛룱볞룸쿻럑헟ꆣ뗄벹맇,웤훐튻킩컄뮯훁뷱죔믮풾퓚좫맺돉잧짏췲훖횲폱쏗뗄듥실훐ꆣ죽ꆡ쏦쇙뗄쳴햽:얩튵짺닺뷡릹뮻(5)쳦듺욷뗄볛룱ꆣ훖횲폱쏗늻뷶뷶좡뻶폚쯼뗄볛룱틲쯘,뛸쟒뮹틀삵폚웤쯻얩ퟷ컯뗄볛룱틔벰짺닺쳵볾,샽죧뫏쫊뗄췁뗘폫춶죫ꆣퟔ평뮯튲삩햹컒쏇틑뺭힢틢떽,얩튵늹쳹볆뮮쪹틔잰뗄얩튵떽웤쯻얩ퟷ컯쫐뎡,퓚헢훖쟩뿶쿂,얩쏱튲컞램쟥횧돖헾닟폐쇋쪵훊탔뗄룄뇤ꆣ훷튪풭틲쫇늹쳹폫짺컺뗘횪뗀닺쓄킩ퟷ컯뿉틔펯샻ꆣ닺뻶닟럖샫,쯼늻퓙쫇얩뮧볌탸짺닺뒫춳얩ퟷ컯뇘탨뗄벤샸듫쪩ꆣ쇭췢,얩튵늹쳹볆뮮뗄웚쿞펦룃떽(죽)폱쏗뇽볛룱퓚짏헇쒫컷룧폱쏗짺닺뗄낸샽폐솦뗘쮵쏷쇋ퟔ평쎳틗2008쓪ꆣ틲듋,헾뢮쏦쇙뗄쳴햽쫇닉좡쪲쎴듫쪩샭싛폐쪱쫇폫짺닺뺭볃톧뗄쿖쪵늻튻훂뗄ꆣ뮹폐튻쓜릻듙뷸얩튵짺닺쿲럇뒫춳얩ퟷ컯뮻ꆣퟮ뷼쪵탐룶캴횤쪵뗄볙뚨뻍쫇ퟔ평쎳틗붫춨맽뷏뗍뗄볛룱믝벰쿻럑헟ꆣNAFTA짺킧틔살,쒫컷룧맺쓚폱쏗뗄ꋡGiseleHenriquesandRajPatel,NAFTA,Corn,andMexicoꆯsAꆡ37griculturalTradeLiberalization,AmericasProgramoftheInterhemispheric볛룱쿂붵쇋,뿉쫇폱쏗쪳욷뗄볛룱,쳘뇰쫇훷튪뗄ResourceCenter,January28,2004.' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
뗄룻뗘놾뮯쿮쒿쫇쿲헢룶랽쿲싵돶뗄뗚튻늽,쯼뻶쒫컷룧얩튵뺺헹솦뗄랽램ꆣ짺닺헟뗄뎤웚쫕틦싊쿲럻뫏얩튵늹쳹볆뮮룱뗄얩뮧쳡릩탅듻늹쳹,헢훷튪좡뻶폚쯻쏇훖횲탂얩ퟷ컯믲헟짺닺볓릤쪳욷뗄쫇튻쿮폐잱퓚샻틦뗄춶쿮쒿ꆣ쓜솦ꆣ캪쇋쳡룟헢룶쓜솦,헾뢮펦룃룼볓훘쫓얩튵뫪맛뺭볃컈뚨쫇튻룶훘튪뗄틲쯘ꆣ폈쓡쮹ꆪ억퇐뺿,횧돖럾컱뗄삩햹ꆣ릫릲늿쏅펦룃움맀얩튵늿듺퓚퇐뺿쇋쒫컷룧뗄낸샽뫳뇭쪾,1980ꆫ1999쓪,쏅쒿잰뛔믹뒡짨쪩뗄탨쟳,냼삨릫슷ꆢ룛뿚뫍맠룈맺쓚얩튵볛룱랢짺뇤뮯퓚튻뚨돌뛈짏쫇평폚믣싊뗄믹뒡짨쪩ꆣ헢킩뚼쫇맺볒얩듥랢햹햽싔늻뿉좱짙늨뚯ꆣ헽죧뢣쮹쳘뫍췟뛻뗂쮹쯹뷒쪾뗄,헢쫇삭쏀뗄ꆣ헢틢캶ퟅ퓚얩튵늹쳹볆뮮쿮쒿뷡쫸횮잰,횧돖듳늿럖맺볒웕뇩듦퓚뗄쟩뿶ꆣ틲듋,쒫컷룧쪵쿖얩얩튵퇐뺿뫍릫릲늿쏅쯹쳡릩뗄삩햹럾컱뗘쟸(냼삨튵짺닺뷡릹뮻뗄튻룶맘볼틲쯘쫇뫪맛뺭볃컈뚨ꆣ쏀맺ꆢ볓쓃듳뫍쒫컷룧)뗄뫏ퟷ,춬믹뒡짨쪩춶쒿잰,퓚NAFTA맦뚨뗄얩튵쎳틗ퟔ평뮯뗄ퟮ튻퇹,펦룃쫇쒫컷룧캴살4쓪얩듥랢햹볆뮮늻뿉럖뫳뷗뛎,랢짺쇋튻킩짧믡뻧뇤뫍뚯떴,헾뢮틑뺭ퟶ룮뗄튻늿럖ꆣ뗚뛾돶쇋랴펦ꆣ샽죧,뛔볒쟝뷸뿚닉좡쇙쪱탔놣뮤듫(ퟷ헟:헅폂,맜샭톧쮶쪿,훐맺짧믡뿆톧풺쪮웟쪩,춨맽쿲얩튵춶죫(죧뗧뫍닱폍)뷸튻늽쳡릩늹삭뚡쏀훞퇐뺿쯹뺭볃퇐뺿쫒퇐뺿쪵쾰풱;샮퇴,훐뻭쳹ꆣ헢킩듫쪩뛔폚쒿잰뗄헾훎탎쫆뛸퇔,컞튻샽췢맺짧믡뿆톧풺퇐뺿짺풺2003벶삭쏀쾵늩쪿퇐뺿짺;뗚뛾뚼쫇뛌웚뗄ꆣ좻뛸,듓훐뎤웚살뾴,헢킩뚼늻쫇뷢퓰죎뇠벭:헅펱)웚ꆡ뛾ꇰꇰ컥쓪(짏뷓뗚33튳)쇙뗄삧뺳ꆣ쯄퓂탂뗄믮솦,뛔쒫컷룧뗄펰쿬펦룃쫇샻듳폚뇗ꆣ캪쪲10쓪살,NAFTA벫듳뗘듙뷸쇋쒫컷룧뗄뛔췢ꆡ쎴죧듋훚뛠뗄쒫컷룧죋뛔NAFTA룐떽늻싺쓘?풭쎳틗ꆢ췢맺춶뫍뺭볃랢햹,떫춬쪱튲듸살쇋튻킩Vo틲횮튻쫇,NAFTA뗄랢웰죋뛔쯼뗄탻뒫맽쇋춷,늻죝뫶쫓뗄늻샻펰쿬ꆣퟔ평쎳틗쫇튻냑쮫죐붣,죧l127죏캪쯼쫇냼훎냙늡뗄쇩떤쏮튩,뻟폐뷼뫵짱웦뗄ퟷ뫎돤럖뗘샻폃NAFTA듸살뗄뫃뒦,죧뫎붫NAFTANo폃ꆣ틲듋,폐뗄톧헟죏캪,NAFTA횻쫇튻쿮췢붻듸살뗄믽벫펰쿬ퟮ듳뮯,죔쫇쒫컷룧쏦쇙뗄튻룶훘12헾닟뗄쪤샻ꆣꋝ쫂쪵짏,ퟔ평쎳틗킭틩늻쫇랢햹헾튪뿎쳢ꆣ쫀뷧틸탐뗄놨룦쮵,ꆰ헢듎뛔NAFTA움맀Apr닟뗄쳦듺욷,뛸쫇룼맣랺랢햹뿲볜훐뗄튻룶뛀솢뗄튻룶훘튪뷡싛뻍쫇,튪룏짏놱쏀뗄뺭볃,ퟔ평쎳1200튪쯘ꆣ틗킭틩늻쫇튻룶돤럖쳵볾,쒫컷룧죔좻듦퓚틖훆웤5놧풹맩놧풹,벸뫵쎻죋죏캪NAFTA쫇룶튻컞룏짏놱쏀쇚맺뗄쓜솦뗄훘튪좱뿚ꆣꆱ쒫컷룧탨튪퓚쫇뒦뗄럏컯ꆣ쒫컷룧뛔췢맘쾵캯풱믡훷쾯낲뗂쇒닆헾ꆢ쓜풴ꆢ뷌폽벰랴뢯뗈랽쏦ퟶ돶룼뛠뗄룄룯ꆣ쮹ꆤ싞즭쯾뛻쮵,ꆰ죧맻쎻폐NAFTA,컒쏇뗄쟩뿶헢뛔쳡틩훐뗄쏀훞ퟔ평쎳틗쟸,틔벰ힼ놸폫쏀맺잩믡룼퓣ꆣꆱ죧맻쮵NAFTA죃죋쪧췻쇋,퓚뫜듳돌뛈쫰쮫뇟쎳틗킭뚨뗄맺볒뚼폐훘튪뗄틢틥ꆣ짏쫇틲캪쒫컷룧헾뢮쎻폐뫜뫃뗘샻폃NAFTA듸살(ퟷ헟:?풰춥,램톧쮶쪿,훐맺짧믡뿆톧풺뗄솼믺ꆣ쏀맺쫗쾯NAFTA첸에듺뇭뾨삭ꆤ쾣뛻쮹삭뚡쏀훞퇐뺿쯹맺뇰퇐뺿쫒훺샭퇐뺿풱;럫럥,램쮵:ꆰ쎳틗늻쓜횱뷓캪쏱훚쳡릩뷌폽,튲늻쓜횱뷓톧쮶쪿;퓰죎뇠벭:헅펱)캪쯻쏇쳡릩쏢틟믲튽쇆놣붡럾컱ꆣ쎳틗쯹쓜ퟶ떽뗄뻍쫇뒴퓬닆뢻,죃헾뢮뛔닆뢻뷸탐럖엤,폃살ퟶ뇘ꋝꆡ,ꆰNAFTAat10:AnEconomicandForeign튪뗄쫂쟩ꆣꆱ죧맻헾뢮늻뛔탂뗄닆뢻뷸탐잡떱럖엤,PolicySuccessꆱ, 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
