맺볒탐헾톧풺톧놨ꆡ맺볊톧풷췾솮쒷즭첸탂훆뛈뺭볃톧쇵럯틥(훐맺죋쏱듳톧,놱뺩100872)[햪ꆡ튪]탂훆뛈뺭볃톧훘튪듺뇭죋컯췾솮쒷즭뷼웚뛔탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뗄탋웰뫍랢햹ퟷ쇋믘맋뫍햹췻ꆣ쯻횸돶탂훆뛈뺭볃톧퇐뺿뗄훷튪쓚죝쫇닺좨샭싛뫍ퟩ횯뗄훎샭뷡릹샭싛;탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뗄퇐뺿랽램쫇퓚볌돐뫍엺에탂맅뗤뺭볃톧랽램뗄믹뒡짏닺짺뗄ꆣ췾솮쒷즭뮹틔뛭싞쮹룄룯캪샽,횸돶쇋탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뗄펦폃쳵볾벰웤ퟔ짭듽뷸튻늽퇐뺿뗄컊쳢ꆣ[맘볼듊]탂훆뛈뺭볃톧;닺좨[훐춼럖샠뫅]F0911349ꆡꆡ[컄쿗뇪쪶싫]Aꆡꆡ[컄헂뇠뫅]1008-9314(2002)01-0093-03ꆡꆡ탂훆뛈뺭볃톧쫇컷랽뺭볃톧탂탋뗄튻룶훘튪톧엉,탔,떫튻룶뷸늽샠탍뗄럇헽맦훆뛈킭뗷낲업쫇뫜삧쓑쯼뛔훐맺뺭볃룄룯뗄샭싛뫍쪵볹뚼닺짺쇋튻뚨펰쿬ꆣ뗄ꆣ훆뛈튻떩닺짺,쯼뻍믡뛔짧믡뗄쒳튻랽쏦돖탸뗘ퟷ캪탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뗄훸쏻듺뇭죋컯췾솮쒷즭,뛔헢룶웰횸떼ퟷ폃ꆣ톧엉퓚짏룶쫀볍뗄탋웰벰랢햹뷸탐쇋믘맋폫햹췻ꆣ뗚뛾닣듎쫇ퟷ캪훆뛈뮷뺳놻쳡돶살뗄,훷튪냼삨튻ꆢ탂훆뛈뺭볃톧퇐뺿뗄닠훘뗣헽쪽뗄폎쾷맦퓲,폈웤쫇닺좨훆뛈ꆢ헾훎훆뛈ꆢ쮾램ꆢ맙쇅믺릹뗈헽맦훆뛈ꆣ닺좨뫍웵풼맦퓲뗄뚨틥뫍잿훆췾솮쒷즭죏캪,ퟜ뗄뾴살,죋쏇뛔훆뛈뗄훘쫓뮹쫇헢튻닣뗄훘튪쳘헷,쯼뗄닺짺볈쫜뗚튻닣뗄펰쿬,늻릻ꆣ떫퓚짏룶쫀볍뗄쯄럖횮튻쪱볤샯,탂훆뛈뺭볃춬쪱폖랴ퟷ폃폚뗚튻닣ꆣ톧뛔훆뛈뗄퇐뺿뗄좷좡뗃쇋뻞듳뗄뷸늽,쒿잰헢룶샭닺좨뺭볃톧쫇헢튻닣뗄훘튪쓚죝ꆣ쯼웰풴폚뿆쮹싛뮹쎻폐좡뗃춳튻,죔듦퓚ퟅ뛠풪뮯뗄헹싛ꆣ폫샏훆뗄튻룶쮼쿫,벴돽럇퓚풴샻폃짏,붨솢닺좨훆뛈,뛈뺭볃톧늻춬,탂훆뛈뺭볃톧힢훘뛔훆뛈뗄뻟쳥럖컶ꆣ럱퓲,쮽폐웳튵쳥훆늻쓜헽좷폐킧퓋탐ꆣ닺좨튻떩붨췾솮쒷즭죏캪,탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뗄퇐뺿쓚죝뿉럖캪솢,폐죋쿫샻폃풴,뻍뇘탫룸쯹폐헟뢶럑닅쓜믱뗃ꆣ쯄룶닣쏦ꆣ뗚튻닣쏦쫇짧믡샭싛닣,듓훆뛈뗄뷇뛈뾴,헢퇹믬싒뻍믡쿻쪧;뛸헾뢮뗄ퟷ폃횻폐퓚훆뚨램싉쳥쫇횸쿢잶퓚짧믡훆뛈횮훐뗄럇헽맦훆뛈,훷튪냼삨쾰쾵틔뇣뚨틥닺좨뫍훙닃뻀럗짏쫇뇘튪뗄ꆣ맟ꆢ뒫춳ꆢ뗀뗂ꆢ탅퇶뗈ꆣ췾솮쒷즭죏캪,탭뛠럇헽췾솮쒷즭죏캪,뿆쮹뗄볲뷠뇭쫶춬쪱뇭쏷쇋헢룶쪽훆뛈쫇ퟔ랢닺짺뗄,헢퇹뻍닺짺쇋훆뛈뷸뮯ꆣ뺡맜닺좨뺭뗤컄쿗뗄뎤뒦뫍죵뗣ꆣ뎤뒦쫇쯼냑닺좨컊쳢췆뗚튻닣듎뗄훆뛈톡퓱뛔뺭볃뗄킧싊폐컞뿉헹뇧뗄훘튪떽쇋뺭볃톧잰퇘,탂펱뗄닺좨췆샭뿉쓜닺짺폐볛횵뗄ꆡꆡ[쫕룥죕웚\]2001-11-15ꆡꆡ[ퟷ헟볲뷩]쇵럯틥(1970-),쓐,뫓놱캧뎡죋,훐맺죋쏱듳톧늩쪿퇐뺿짺,훷튪듓쫂훆뛈뺭볃톧ꆢ웳튵샭싛퇐뺿.ꆤ93ꆤ
맺볒탐헾톧풺톧놨ꆡ맺볊톧풷뷡맻ꆣ뛸죵뗣쫇쯼뿤듳쇋닺좨뗄릦쓜ꆣ샽죧,뿆쮹탻탂훆뛈뺭볃톧짦벰뗄쇬폲맣랺,떫쯼늻쓜캪뷢뻶돆볙뚨뷧뚨뫍놣뮤닺좨쫇죝틗뗄(돉놾캪쇣),램싉쯹폐컊쳢붨솢샭싛듳쿃,뚫얷뫍잰쯕솪뗄룄룯틑뺭룸쳥쾵믡쿻돽닺좨뷧뚨뫍쪵쪩뗄믬싒ꆣ쿔좻,쿖쪵훐뗄폨쇋횤쏷ꆣ헽죧뿆쮹횸돶:훷쇷뺭볃톧뗄훷쳥훐냼삨탭뛠붻틗늻뚼쫇쓇쎴뫏램뫍맦랶,폐쪱뎬돶폎쾷맦퓲뗄훆뛈틲쯘뗄볛횵,퓚뚫얷쫂볾훐뇭쿖뗃뫜쏷쿔ꆣ헢좥췦폎쾷튲쫇뇘튪뗄,헢헽쫇20쫀볍70쓪듺뫳뛔웵킩잰릲닺훷틥맺볒놻짨볆ퟟ쿲쫐뎡뺭볃,쯼쏇뗄쇬떼풼맘쾵훎샭늽죫뾪럅뷗뛎뗄풭틲ꆣ죋튲쿫헢퇹,떫쫇쎻폐쫊떱뗄훆뛈뻍뿉쓜쎻폐죎뫎폐헽쫇믹폚듋,췾솮쒷즭쳡돶뷸탐뗚죽닣듎뗄훆뛈틢틥뗄쫐뎡뺭볃ꆣ죧맻컒쏇쓜뛔뺭볃횪뗀뗃룼뛠,뿉럖컶쫇쪮럖뇘튪뗄,쓇뻍쫇뛔훎샭믺훆뗄럖컶,헢쫇쓜믡캪쯻쏇짨볆돶룼뫃뗄슷ퟓꆣ솽쓪뫳,억쮹ퟶ돶쇋틔췾솮쒷즭캪듺뇭뗄붻틗돉놾뺭볃톧퇐뺿뗄훷튪닣듎ꆣ춬퇹뗄뺯룦,늢뷸튻늽횸돶,헾닟뛔뺭볃쪵볹쫇훘튪뺡맜닆닺뫜훘튪,떫뷧뚨뫍쪵쪩웵풼뗄폐킧뗄램싉쳥뗄,틲캪쯼쏇뷧뚨뫍놣횤뺭볃맦퓲닺짺폫퓋탐,쯹틔,쾵쫇늻췪좫뗄ꆣ쯹틔컞돉놾뗄훈탲퓋탐쫇튻훖탩릹,랢햹뗄헾닟뗄쪵훊쫇훆뛈뒴탂,벴뒴솢뫍쪵쪩폐킧뗄듳뛠쫽웵풼맜샭뫍뻀럗뗄닃뚨뚼탨튪돉놾ꆣ뛸쟒웵풼닺좨훆뛈ꆣ떫뷸튻늽뗄컊쳢쫇,컒쏇벸뫵늻횪뗀죧뫎쿮쒿닃뚨탨튪뢴쪽램싉,뛸늻쫇떥튻램싉,헢뻍퓶듳뷸탐헢훖훆뛈뒴탂ꆣ췾솮쒷즭틔뛭싞쮹룄룯캪샽,닻쇋쓑뛈,틲듋,뛔웵풼맘쾵뗄맜샭뻍돉캪럖컶뗄붹뗣ꆣ쫍쇋훆뛈뺭볃톧펦폃뗄쳵볾ꆣ쯻횸돶:뛭싞쮹뗄튻킩췾솮쒷즭죏캪웵풼훎샭쫇춨쿲훈탲뗄랽램,뿉틔쪹쎬룄룯짨볆헟죧Boycko뗈붨틩뛭싞쮹쪵탐톸쯙뗄뫍듳맦뛜복쟡,쪹죋쏇틢쪶떽퓚훈탲훐쓜쿠뮥쫜틦ꆣ뾼싇떽쒣뗄쮽폐뮯,헢룶붨틩놻뷓쫜쇋ꆣ틲캪퓚뛭싞쮹웕뇩헢킩,쿔좻훎샭뷡릹쓜훘탂탎돉벤샸ꆣ붻틗돉놾뺭볃뷓쫜튻훖맛뗣,죏캪ꆰ퓚뺭볃짺믮횮짏뗄헾훎펰쿬쫇톧틆쇋죋쏇뗄힢틢솦,쪹횮룼뛠뗘쿲쇋뛔붻틗뫳틽웰뺭볃컞킧싊뗄풭틲ꆱ,쯹틔Boycko뗈뛏퇔:룄룯웵풼뗄퇐뺿ꆣ쫗튪쒿뇪쫇ꆭꆭ쟥돽헾훎뮯뗄뺭볃짺믮ꆭꆭ쮽폐뮯쓜폫ퟩ횯훎샭뷡릹맘솪늻잿뗄컊쳢퓚뗚쯄닣뗃떽럖췆뚯헾훎뮯뗄쟥돽,틲캪쯼냾뛡쇋헾훎볒럖엤릫릲닺컶,헢룶닣듎쫇탂맅뗤뺭볃톧럖컶뗄죎컱ꆣ탂맅뗤뺭욷뗄믺믡ꆭꆭ쮽폐뮯뗄쒿뇪뻍쫇튪쟐뛏웳튵맜샭뫍헾볃톧힢훘벼쫵럖컶,췾솮쒷즭튲죏캪펦힢틢벼쫵컊쳢ꆣ훎볒뗄솪쾵ꆭꆭ쎻폐웤쯻폐킧냬램쓜듯떽쪹웳튵훘붨떫폫벼쫵뒴탂쿠뇈뷏,ퟩ횯뒴탂뗄퇐뺿쿠뛔뗘놻뫶싔뫍폐킧퓋탐뗄쒿뗄ꆣ룄룯샭싛볒뮹쳡돶뇘탫춨맽룸떱쇋ꆣ틲듋,탂훆뛈뺭볃톧쫔춼춨맽톰헒ퟩ횯뒴탂뫍벼좨엉뫃뒦,죃쯻쏇횧돖쮽폐뮯ꆣ헢퇹Boycko뗈죋뗄톸쫵뒴탂쿠뷡뫏뗄랽쪽살뻀헽쯼ꆣ쯙뫍듳맦쒣쮽폐뮯뗄헾훎튩랽,틀뾿쯻쏇ퟔ벺뗄웳튵뛾ꆢ탂훆뛈뺭볃톧퓚훆뛈뇤잨럖컶훐뗄펦폃샭싛볓잿쇋ꆣ뻟쳥뗘쮵,쯻쏇쟳훺뗄웳튵샭싛쫇Hart(1986)뗈죋쳡돶뗄맛뗣,벴닺좨훐뗄쯹폐좨틔벰폫횮탂훆뛈뺭볃톧훷튪맘탄뗄쫇잰쏦쯹쮵뗄훆뛈럖컶쿠펦뗄뿘훆좨뫍쫊떱뒦훃좨쫇ퟮ맘볼뗄틲쯘ꆣ틲듋,쯄룶닣듎훐뗄뗚뛾뫍뗚죽닣,벴맘폚훆뛈뮷뺳뫍훎샭퓚맺폐웳튵뗄쮽폐뮯맽돌훐,탂뗄쯹폐헟뗄닺짺붫훘뷡릹뗄훆뛈컊쳢ꆣ훆뛈뮷뺳냼삨램싉ꆢ헾훎ꆢ쮾램ꆢ붨웳튵킧싊ꆣ틲캪헢킩탂뗄쯹폐헟쿠탅,쯻쏇맘탄뗄맙쇅믺릹뗈,쯼쏇쫇맺볒랢햹훐뗄맘볼틲쯘,늢쟒뿉뚼쫇붫살ퟔ벺뗄닆닺ꆣ1992쓪뛭싞쮹돶쿖듳맦쒣뗄쮽틔뻍웤뷸탐맺볒쓚늿뫍맺볒횮볤뗄쿠뮥뇈뷏ꆣ폫횮쿠폐뮯ꆣBoycko뗈죋닎뾼탂훆뛈뺭볃톧,횴탐뗄튻쳗쮽맘,탭뛠릫릲헾닟컊쳢튲폫훆뛈뗄뗚뛾닣뫍뗚죽닣췆폐뮯랽낸뫃쿱돉릦쇋ꆣ떫쫂쪵짏,쯻쏇폃듭쇋탂훆뛈샭쿠맘ꆣ샽죧,Levy뫍Spiller뛔쮽폐뮯뗄뗧탅튵쇬폲뺭볃톧뗄쮼쿫,퓚탂훆뛈뺭볃톧맘폚ퟔ좻슢뛏뗄쳘좨컊쳢,퓚5룶맺볒볬퇩쇋쯼쏇뗄훆뛈뮷뺳,춨맽뛔웵뚨볛쮼쿫뗄컄쿗훐,쯤좻폐닺좨낲업뫍훎샭랽램쓚죝,풼뗄뇈뷏,랢쿖쫇럱폐붲탅폾뗄잩풼뫍싄풼돉캪컊쳢떫쎤쒿볞뷓떽잰쯕솪뺭볃쳥훆훐,횻쓜뗃돶럇뎣늻춬뗄맘볼ꆣ춬퇹,ퟮ뷼ClaudeMenard뗈퓚맘폚돇쫐폃쮮뗄뷡싛ꆣ탂훆뛈뺭볃톧맘폚ퟔ좻슢뛏웳튵뗄닺좨컊쳢쳥훆룄룯뗄퇐뺿훐튲랢쿖,쿔좻,쯹폐좨늻쫇맘볼틲뗄뷢뻶랽램쫇,춨맽틽떼붻틗잰뗄볛룱뺺헹,늢냑믘쯘,떫훎샭믺훆좴쫇훁맘훘튪뗄ꆣ잩풼닺짺뗄탅폾컊놨좨룸폨쓇킩캪쫐뎡럾컱,늢퓚쫐뎡훐쳡릩ퟮ뫃돶볛쳢뫜춻돶,냼삨퓚짌튵웵풼훐춬퇹듦퓚ꆣ뗄죋ꆣ뛸Boycko뗈죋퓚퓋폃헢룶샭싛룸뛭싞쮹뾪튩랽ꆤ94ꆤ
맺볒탐헾톧풺톧놨ꆡ맺볊톧풷쪱,좴샭뷢캪튻떩닆닺쮽폐뮯,닆닺쯹폐헟뻍믡헦헽냫헽쪽뫍췪좫헽쪽훖샠뗄늻췪좫웵풼놻쟸럖캪늻춬뗄맘탄쯻쏇ퟔ벺뗄닆닺ꆣ퓚췾솮쒷즭뾴살,헢늻뷶쫇럧뫳맻,뺡맜뛾헟뗄럖웧퓚복킡;뷸뮯뺭볃톧ꆢ죋뿚짺십얣늻쿠벰,뛸쟒튲쎻폐뾴떽컊쳢뗄쪵훊ꆣ틲캪,쯻첬톧뗈뚼퓚랢햹;슷뺶틀삵쫇튻훖헦쪵ힴ첬,좻뛸,쏇쎻폐풤쇏떽퓚웵풼횴탐맽돌훐뿉쓜돶쿖뗄튻킩퇏훘뛔쯼뗄뷢쫍좴듦퓚ퟅ믮풾뗄헹싛;웳튵쿔좻퓚벼쫵ꆢ컊쳢ꆣ퓚훎샭뷡릹랽램훐,슢뛏쳘좨뗄믘놨탨튪퓚뇈웵풼벰쓜솦ꆢ횪쪶캪믹뒡잰뺰짏놻뷸탐늻춬뗄쏨쫶;뷏훐움맀ꆣ헢폖뷸튻늽탨튪풤닢늢뷒쪾붻틗뫳뗄웵풼죧뫎ퟮ뫃뗘쏨쫶죋샠탐캪,훁뷱짐캴뷢뻶,뺡맜뷸뮯럧쿕,뷸뛸볆쯣돶훎샭뷡릹뿉릩톡퓱뗄쒣탍ꆣ틲캪쳘탄샭톧힡쇋쾣췻;맘폚헾훎훆뛈쒣쪽뗄샭뷢튲늻튻좨뚨볛퓚튻킩ퟔ좻슢뛏탐튵뇈웤쯻랽램룼뫃,쯹틔쳘훂;맘폚킧싊뗄헹싛벯훐퓚좨솦컊쳢짏,떫좨솦늻뿉좨뚨볛랽램퓚헢킩탐튵튪놣돖,헢샯뗄뇈뷏뺻쫕틦뿉쓜쿻쪧;뛔웵풼횴탐뗄쮽죋쏼쇮랽램뗄죏쪶,틑좡뗃틔놻짨볆돶살ꆣ쯹틔,닺좨샭싛퓚헢샯늻쫇튪춨맽쮽쇋뎤ퟣ뗄뷸늽,좻뛸램싉맦퓲죔좻쫇훘튪뗄,뛸쟒쯼폐뮯좡쿻ퟔ좻슢뛏탐튵,틲캪쮽폐뮯뻸늻쫇췲쓜뗄ꆣ쏇폫쮽죋쏼쇮뗄맘쾵,뮹쎻폐놻췪좫죏쪶쟥돾;쿖쪵탂훆뛈뺭볃톧맘힢뗄솽룶닣듎뗄컊쳢,벴듓훎샭닣듎뗄헾훎샭싛틑뺭좡뗃쇋훘튪뗄룅쓮짏뗄뷸햹,떫뛔헾떽훆뛈뮷뺳닣듎,웤볤폐쿠펦뗄훆뛈뮷뺳뫍맦퓲ꆣ헽훎샭뷢뗄쟅솺,쯆뫵뮹쎻폐붨웰살ꆣ뗈뗈ꆣ췾솮쒷즭죧잰쏦쯹뻙뗄뗧탅쮽폐뮯뗄샽ퟓ튻퇹,쯼탨튪뾼싇룷ퟮ뫳횸돶:탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뺡맜폐탭뛠돉릦,떫죔폐듳룶닣듎뗄쿠맘쳵볾ꆣ훁폚뛭싞쮹뗄룄룯,췾솮쒷즭틽솿캴췪돉뗄쫂튵ꆪꆪꆪ샭싛뗄뺫솶ꆢ삩햹ꆢ탂뗄펦폃벰폃BernardBlack(1999)뗈죋뗄쏨쫶쮵:뛭싞쮹뗄쮽폐룼뛠뫃쿫램ꆢ룼뛠뺭퇩탔뗄볬퇩ꆢ룼돤럖뗄탎쪽뮯샭뮯뫍릫쮾훎샭ퟟ듭쇋,뛭싞쮹쮽폐뮯뗄ꆰ캰듳쪤샻ꆱ싛탨튪좥ퟶꆣ쫇튻룶퓧닺뛹ꆣ뺡맜쮽폐뮯쪹킡웳튵믱뗃쇋쿔훸뗄돉릦,떫웤쯼랽쏦뮹듦퓚짮닣뗄컊쳢ꆣ평폚쯻쏇횻뾴떽[닎뾼컄쿗]붻틗잰뗄닺좨췆샭,좴쎻폐춨맽뛔붻틗뫳웵풼쪵쪩뷸\[1\]Williamson,:TakingStock,탐햹췻뫍럧쿕닢쫔,틔뇜쏢놾살뿉틔풤웚떽뗄컊쳢ꆣLookingAhead\[J\].JournalofEconomicLiterature,-춬쪱평폚뛭싞쮹훆뛈뮷뺳뗄늻췪짆,힢뚨쯼뗄룄룯붫613.튪ퟟ튻쳵뷏쫊뛈ꆢ뷏뮺싽ꆢ뷏뷷짷횮슷ꆣ\[2\]Williamson,\[M\1]OxfordUni2versityPress,1996.죽ꆢ뛔탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뗄햹췻\[3\]Williamson,\[J\1]JournallawEconomicsandOrganization,1988.탂훆뛈뺭볃톧뗄쮼쿫뫜믮풾,늻뷶폐탭뛠훆뛈퇐\[4\]낣죰뿋ꆤGꆤ럇싀늩뛙1탂훆뛈뺭볃톧\[M\]1쯯뺭캳(틫)1짏몣뺿뗄룙쇬퓚랢햹,뛸쟒쯼쏇훐튲폐튻킩헹싛ꆣ샽죧닆뺭듳톧돶냦짧,19981,퓚붻틗돉놾뺭볃톧훐,훎샭뷡릹뫍닢솿늿쏅쫇럖뾪뗄퓰죎뇠벭ꆡ퇮몣퇳;WilliamsonꆯsCommentonNewSystemEconomicsLIUFeng-yiAbstract:,WilliamsontookRussiaasanexampleandemphasizedtheconditionthatthenewinstitutionaleconomicswasapplied,:newinstitutionaleconomics;propertyrightsꆤ95ꆤ
