ੀ๙ࣜ࠶中国市场 2010年第41期(总第600期)ႏཧି৯֥োܱࠣ༢࣮ ӧধ1,ᆢཟૹ2 (11华侨大学 工商管理学院,福建 泉州 362021;21华侨大学 旅游学院,福建 泉州 362021)[ᅋ ေ]营销能力是企业生存的重要能力,营销能力从不同角度可分为不同的类型b从供应链视角,提出营销能力的广义和狭义的概念,分析营销能力各种类型之间存在的关系,并重点分析对象类型营销能力a流程链类型营销能力和企业类型营销能力的主要内容b[ܱՍ]营销能力;概念析义;关系;类型[ᇏٳোݼ]F241123 [໓ངѓ്]A [໓ᅣщݼ]1005-6432(2010)41-0140-05߃ႋႨႿఒြ֥ሸކႏཧੀӱุ֥ࠢᆩ്aඌބሧჷ,1 ႄ ି՜ࣉఒြิശӁބڛༀࡎᆴ,ൡႋ൧ӆ่֥ࡱ,০ႏཧି৯(MarketingCapabilities)൞ႏཧ࣮ᇏ֥၂Ⴈ൧ӆࠏ߶ট็ᅞࣩᆚ֥ຯཽb0۱ᇗေଽಸ,ႏཧି৯఼֥ބඣ֥֮ۚथקਔఒြ֥213 ႏཧି৯֥܂ႋ৽൪࢘ۀॖӻ࿃ؿᅚbᄝ༥ਔնਈݓଽຓ໓ང֥ࠎԤഈ,Ч໓๙Ֆ܂ႋ৽൪࢘,ႏཧି৯ॖٳູܼၬބ༮ၬ֥ۀbݖؓႏཧି৯֥ۀ֥ٳ༅,ิԛႏཧି৯֥܂ႋ৽൪࢘ႏཧି৯༮ၬ֥ۀ൞ᆷఒြູਔൌགྷሱദ֥ࣩᆚଢ֥,ྍۀ,ٳ༅ႏཧି৯ো֥ܱ༢,ѩᇗׄٳ༅ਔؓའো০Ⴈ۲ᇕሧჷaᆩ്aඌa൧ӆ่֥ࡱބࠏ߶,՜ࣉఒႏཧି৯aੀӱ৽োႏཧି৯ބఒြোႏཧି৯֥ြႏཧᅞൌീ֥ି৯b൞၂ᇕׄྟ֥ႏཧି৯,DayᇶေଽಸbބVorhies֥ႏཧି৯္උႿՎোbႏཧି৯ܼၬ֥ۀ൞ᆷၛႏཧؓའູࠎԤ,ၛႏཧੀӱ৽ഈ֥۲ߌࢫa۲০2 ႏཧି৯ۀ༅ၬၭཌྷܱᆀࠣႏཧܱ༢֥ᆩ്aඌބሧჷູ൭؍֥ࣩᆚေ211 ႏཧି৯֥ੀྛۀބି৯֥ሹބbᆃ൞၂ᇕᆜކྟa܂ႋ৽൪֥࢘ྍଢభቋੀྛ൞Day,FahyބSmithee,Gran,tTeece,Ma-ۀbhoney,Greenley֩ህࡅՖሧჷ࢘؇܋ಪॖ֥ႏཧି৯ۀbႏཧି৯֥ۀ൞ࠎႿሧჷ൪,့ູਔᇂቋࡄሧӁط3 ႏཧି৯ো֥ܱ༢ٳ༅ԷᄯࣩᆚႪ൝֥ܵඌބࠒ֥ᆩ്bDayಪູఒြ്љࠎႿ܂ႋ৽൪࢘,ၛႏཧ܂ႋ৽ഈ۲ߌࢫa۲০ၭཌྷܤग़ླေ֥ି৯ބაܤग़ࡹ৫ܱ༢֥ି৯न൞ႏཧି৯bܱᆀ֥ܱ༢ູᇶཌ,Ֆܱ༢ؓႏཧି৯ࣉྛٳোbႏཧି212 ႏཧି৯֥൧ӆླۀ৯֥োٳোᇶေႵ:ؓའোႏཧି৯aੀӱ৽োႏࠧ൞ၛ൧ӆླ࢘؇ູԛؿ֥ׄႏཧି৯ۀbVo-ཧି৯ބఒြোႏཧି৯(1)bႏཧି৯֥োrhiesϜႏཧି৯קၬ:ູ/૫ؓఒြཌྷܱ֥൧ӆླ,ଔٳোᆭࡗႵ၂ק֥ܱ༢,ᇶေіགྷᄝၛ༯ٚ૫:1 ႏཧି৯֥োܱࠣ༢ 1402010110
陈钦兰,等:营销能力的类型及关系研究ੀ๙ࣜ࠶311 ѩਙܱ༢(1)ܱ༢ႏཧି৯ႏཧି৯֥োٳোᇏ֥ؓའোႏཧି৯aੀӱܱ༢ႏཧି৯൞ᆷაႏཧି৯Ⴕܱ༢ࠇཌྷܱ֥۲ᇕၹ৽োႏཧି৯ބఒြোႏཧି৯ᆭࡗ൞၂ᇕѩਙܱܱ༢֥ቆކି৯bܱ༢ႏཧି৯ЇݣႵ:၂൞აႏཧି༢,Վຓ,ؓའোႏཧି৯ބఒြোႏཧି৯֥ଽ৯ᆰࢤཌྷܱ֥۲ေܱ༢ႏཧି৯bԛіགྷᄝ:ႏཧି҆ٳোᆭࡗ္൞၂ᇕѩਙܱ༢bೂؓའোႏཧି৯ᇏ৯აఒြࡅࣚപaԷྍି৯aࣩᆚႪ൝aᄎቔܵa֥ੀӱႏཧି৯aႏཧି৯aܱ༢ႏཧି৯ބყҩੀa൧ӆ་ႄ৯aሧჷି৯ބવགྛູᆭࡗ֥ཌྷܱܱ༢bႏཧି৯උႿѩਙܱ༢bѩਙܱ༢֥ႏཧି৯֥ཌྷܱChia-JungHsiehaMengZhaoބStankaChandler֥࣮৳ྟࢠഒbಒಪਔૌ֥ܱ༢bؽ൞ႏཧି৯֥ॴۿିܱ༢აൈࡗބ312 ৽ሑܱ༢ᇛ௹֥ܱ༢ႏཧି৯bႏཧି৯֥ॴۿିܱ༢൞ᄝ൧ӆ֝ႏཧି৯֥৽ሑܱ༢іགྷᄝੀӱႏཧି৯ഈ,൞ᆷཟ༯ႏཧି৯ᄝ҆ࡗ֥ॴۿି֥טބ֥ି৯,൞ᆜކႵᄝ܂ႋ৽֥ഈႳaᇏႳބ༯Ⴓഈ෮Їݣ֥ሧჷႏཧି৯aܱ൧ӆ֥ᆩ്ބିห֥ି৯bႏཧି৯აൈࡗބᇛ௹ఒြႏཧି৯a൧ӆႏཧି৯aܤग़ႏཧି৯֥Ⴕٚཟྟ္Ⴕܱ༢,ᆞೂCarrilloᄎႨӁ൰ଁᇛ௹ં,ႄࣉ၂֥৽ሑି৯ܱ༢b৽ሑܱ༢ႏཧି৯ؓఃഈ༯۲ߌࢫ߶Ӂ۱ѓሙ߄ؿᅚൈࡗཌଆ,ඪૼྍӁࣉೆ൧ӆ֥ࢲඏൈള႕ཙ,ၹطсྶหљᇗ൪bࡗбཟഈؿᅚ֥ൈࡗ۷ᄪࢲඏ,ၹՎ,ఒြေႵቀܔ֥ള313 ཌྷܱܱ༢Ӂႏཧି৯ՖቋԚ֥ܿ߃ཌটԬᄀܿ߃ᇛ௹֞ղۚڂඣႏཧି৯োᇏ֥۲ᇕႏཧି৯Ⴕ֥Ⴕ၂ק֥ཌྷܱ֥ླਈbಖط,ՎଆႵअཋྟ,҂ିّ႘ႏཧି৯֥,ྟႵ֥Ⴕࢠࣅૡ֥৳༢bԢਔੀӱႏཧି৯აః֥۲۲ࢨ؍౦ঃbູՎ,гᆀؓଆࣉྛྩᆞ(2),ၛᇕႏཧି৯ܱ༢ࢠࣅૡၛຓ,ܱ༢ႏཧି৯aႏཧିьି۷ݺֹّ႘ႏཧି৯აൈࡗބᇛ௹Ⴕܱ༢b൞ႏཧ৯ބყҩႏཧି৯္აః۲ᇕႏཧି৯Ⴕܱ৳ބࢌҭbି৯ऎႵିᆜކބޙ۲ᇕܱ༢֥ି৯bіགྷᄝ:ః၂൞ੀӱႏཧି৯ᇏߎЇݣਔఒြႏཧି৯ᇏ֥Ցေ֥ႏཧႏཧି৯֥ᆜކܱ༢bႏཧ)ཧ൲ᆜކؓႏཧି৯ؿᅚ֥ି৯ཌྷܱྟ,Ⴕఒြቆᆮႏཧି৯aఒြԷྍႏཧି৯a܊ང൞ԷᄯႪྮ֥ܤग़ࡎᆴbႏཧބཧ൲֥ᆜކႮ҂Ӯఒြᅞႏཧି৯ބఒြނྏႏཧି৯bၹՎ,ႏཧି৯ٳ֥؟۱ҧ૫ܒӮ,႕ཙሢႏཧି৯ѩԛਔ֥భิ۲ᇕোႵ၂ק֥ཌྷܱܱ༢bބࢲݔbಖط,սіದRouzis္ಪູ:/ࠧགྷႵ֥໓ངၘႵิۚႏཧބཧ൲ᆜކ֥Ⴕܱᆩ,്Վٚ૫֥4 ႏཧି৯֥োٳ༅࣮ಯٳಌكb0GuenziᄎႨٚم)ࢲݔંটࢳႏཧ411 ؓའোႏཧି৯ބཧ൲֥ᆜކࡏܒܱ༢ࠣ႕ཙބ്љ҂֥ႏཧି৯ࠣమႏཧି৯Ֆؓའ࢘؇ॖٳູၛ༯֥ো:ܱ༢ႏཧିᄝభิ่ࡱbఃؽ൞ႏཧି৯֥ޙܱ༢,MengZhao֥৯aႏཧି৯aყҩႏཧି৯ބੀӱႏཧି৯ඹᇕંࢳඪૼਔᄝੀڛༀြᇏᄎቔି৯აཌྷܱି৯ႋোbູޙ֥ܱ༢b2 ႏཧି৯აൈࡗބᇛ௹ܱ༢֥ؿᅚཌ(ྩᆞ) (2)ႏཧି৯/ି৯൞აࠆ֤ބ০Ⴈຓ֥҆॓ିႵܱ֥་൬ି¹ႏཧି৯֥ۀbႏཧି৯֥ࠎЧۀଢ৯(AbsorptiveCapacity,AC)bྸ؟ۚ॓൧ӆ֥ᆩ്ॹభᇶေႵᇕ:ః၂൞Ֆሧჷ࢘؇קၬ:/ି৯߄ఒြࣜӈ۷ྍ॓Ӯູсྶbࡌק॓൞ࣅࠤ(DynamicCapability)൞၂۱ఒြ҂؎ֹᇗྍᇂሧჷaᇗေ,֥ਅݺ֥॓۷ྍФ൪ູି৯b0ࠆ౼ѩԩሧჷၛൡႋэ߄֥൧ӆླ֥ି৯b֥หྟሹᆭ,ႏཧି৯֥ۀࣼ൞ఒြ҂؎ֹᇗྍႵ:ᆜކaᇗྍᇂaࠆ౼ѩԩሧჷၛ൧ӆ֥э߄ᇂሧჷaࠆ౼ѩԩሧჷၛൡႋэ߄֥൧ӆླ֥ႏཧ(Eisenhardt)0bఃؽ൞ՖሧӁ࢘؇קၬ:/ି৯ሧӁି৯,൞Ќӻӻ࿃֥ࣩᆚႪ൝,ࣜӈ۷ྍ֥॓ႏཧႵ෮໌֥VRIN(Valuable,Rare,InmiitableandNon-ି৯bsubstitutable)උ:ྟࠧࡎᆴa༎Ⴕaمིٟބॖսºႏཧି৯֥ေٳোbႏཧି৯ა؟ᇕၹ,ูૌିൌགྷԷᄯࡎᆴ֥ᅞၛЌӻӻ࿃֥ࣩᆚႪ൝ཌྷ,ܱᇶေႵႏཧି৯აളӁି৯aܤग़a࣮षؿି(Barney)b0ః൞Ֆ॓࢘؇קၬ,Narasmihanಪ:ູ৯aᄎቔି৯a౻֡ሇߐି৯aԷྍି৯ބࣩᆚି৯֩ၹ2010110 141
ੀ๙ࣜ࠶中国市场 2010年第41期(总第600期)ሰ֥ܱ༢,ૌ߶ཌྷӁള႕ཙbEisenhardtބMartinაႏཧݦඔ֥܋ࣉଆބົ֥ႏཧି৯࿈ཌࢲܒॉҰਔหק֥ႏཧି৯ᄝఒြ֥іགྷႵཌྷ֥֒োරଆ֥௩૫(3),ޓݺֹඪૼਔളӁބႏཧି৯ྟbႏཧି৯֥ଆଢభᇶေٳູਆো:ؽၹሰଆ൞ཌྷܱ,֥ೂDNA֥ච࿈ࢲܒ၂ဢ:ളӁሧჷބି৯ބၹሰଆbӮູႏཧሧჷބି৯ؿᅚᇏ֥൷୧ି৯,ّᆭၧಖbطؽၹሰଆ:ՖളӁࠇܤग़ࠇሧჷ֩ބႏཧਆ۱ၹሰWagnerՖܓઙྍӁ֥ັܴି৯ٚ૫࣮ඪૼႏཧট࣮֥ႏཧି৯֥ଆbAdamides֥ච࿈ളӁބܤग़ਆ۱эਈ֥၂ุ߄ଆb3 ࿈ཌࢲܒଆ௩૫ ၹሰଆ:ࣼ൞๙ݖ۱ݦඔটܒࡹႏཧି৯ҩਈᇏ֤ܼ֞ٗᄎႨބႄႨbBettmanϜPretreeଆ൮༵ଆbቋႵսіྟ֥࣮൞Narasmihanࡹ৫֥ႏཧႄࣉႏཧਵთࣉྛ۱ุ֥ཌྷܱყҩथҦ,ҪՑࢲܒ۷ࢤି৯ࠎЧ֥ۀॿࡏ:/་൬ି৯=»(࣮षؿି৯,࣍थҦ֥ൌ࠽ੀӱb֒ྩᆞ֥PretreeଆФᄎႨ֞གྷൌႏཧି৯,ᄎቔି৯),ಒಪਔႏཧa࣮षؿބᄎቔି֥ඔऌൈ,ࡼ֝ᇁଆყҩି৯֥໗קิۚbPretreeଆ৯۱ၹሰؓఒြ֥་൬ି৯Ⴕࠒࠞᇗေ֥႕ཙb0֥၂۱ᇶေ֥ႏཧି৯൞ѽࠆິّ/҂ཌྷܱ֥৫࿊ᄴ0ႏཧି৯֥ྟٳૼཁ,іགྷູᄝ؟౻֡ሇ(IIA)ྟᇉ֥іགྷି৯b࣐ܵၘᆣൌPretreeଆႵअཋߐᇏ֥ି৯ބ൧ӆэ߄aԷྍି৯ބࣩᆚି৯֥ܱ,ׄႵ࿐ᆀ(ೂGensch)ิԛਔक़ڛᆃུअཋ֥ׄ༢bಖط,၂ུ࿐ᆀ(ೂWilson,Rindova)ၘࣜᇉၐࠎٚمbႿሧჷܴ֥ႏཧି৯൞ڎିቀܔֹඪૼଖུఒြູહ(4)ੀӱႏཧି৯ᄝॹބ҂ॖყᆩ֥൧ӆэ߄,ࠧۚࠇ֥൧ӆᇏႵੀӱႏཧି৯Ⴎႏཧ܂ႋੀӱ৽֥۲۱ߌࢫࠣఃཌྷܱࣩᆚႪ൝b৳֥ႏཧି৯ܒӮbੀӱႏཧି৯ՖDay֥ႮຓطଽaႮႏཧି৯Ֆఒြ࢘؇ߎॖٳো:ູఒြቆᆮᆩ്ଽطຓaଽຓࢲކᇕႏཧି৯,ؿᅚ֞Egan,GrÊnroos,༢֥ି৯aఒြྍࢲܒ֥ି৯aఒြᆩ്ܵGummerson֥֩ຩႏཧି৯,ᄜ֞Pisano֥ഈඍඹᇕႏ֥ି৯aఒြᅞࠣܓѩ֥ି৯֩ႏཧି৯bཧି৯֥ࢲކbႏཧି৯֥ੀӱ৽োؿᅚࣜਔ୍࣍(3)ყҩႏཧି৯֥ൈࡗ,ႏཧࢸಪູႏཧੀӱᇏႏཧି৯֥ࠎЧܒӮႵඹყҩႏཧି৯൞၂ᇕؓໃট֥൝ࣉྛყҩथҦ֥ႏᇕି৯:Ⴎଽ৯aຓ৯aᆜކ৯ބຩ৯ܒӮbཧି৯bᄝ1979,୍TverskyބSattathิԛਔགྷᄝᇙ෮ᇛ412 ੀӱ৽োႏཧି৯ᆩ֥Pretreeყҩଆ:/ࠧႪ༵ۀੱ࿊ᄴଆ(Presentsaੀӱႏཧି৯൞ႏཧି৯֥ᇗေଽಸbгᆀՖႏཧିprobabilisticchoicemodel)ႻӫႪ༵ඎ(Preferencetreeࠇ৯֥ੀӱ৽࢘؇,ಪູႏཧି৯ॖၛٳູඹᇕো:ሧჷPretree)ଆ,ࣼ൞၂ᇕ҂؎ٳ֩ࠩஆԢ֥࿊ᄴӱbૄႏཧି৯aఒြႏཧି৯a൧ӆႏཧି৯ބܤग़ႏཧି۱࿊ᄴіགྷଖٚ૫֥၂۱ॖҩਈ֥ࠢކ,طᆃུ࿊ᄴ֥ሹ৯,ᆃඹᇕো֥ႏཧି৯ܒӮ၂่Ֆ܂ႋٚཟཨٮٚੀࠢކФࡌקູ၂۱ඎሑࢲܒbᄝૄ۱Ҫࠩ,၂۱ದ࿊ᄴ၂֥ႏཧି৯֥ੀӱ৽bᇕοб২ޙਈ֥ۀੱ(ࠧඎ֥၂۱ٳᆥ),طԢಀ෮Ⴕ(1)ሧჷႏཧି৯֥҂උႿ࿊ᄴٚσ֥ٳᆥ,࿃ᆃဢ֥ӱᆰ֞༯ֆ၂ሧჷႏཧି৯ࣼ൞ၛੀӱ৽֥܂ႋሧჷູᇏྏطܒӮ֥࿊ᄴb0ھଆ൞ၛஆԢم(EBA)ଆ֥ંۀູ֥ႏཧି৯,Їও֥ሧჷႵದ৯ሧჷa৯ሧჷaҍ৯ࠎԤ֥b1980,୍Վଆ֤֞TverskyބSattath֥ྩᆞbሧჷބሱಖࢸ֥۲ᇕᇉሧჷطቆӮ֥ႏཧି৯,൞ႏཧყҩႏཧି৯ଆં֥Pretreeଆၘࣜᄝႏཧބྏᇏ֥ᇗေି৯bሧჷႏཧି৯ᄝੀӱ৽ᇏԩႿഈႳ໊֥ 1422010110
陈钦兰,等:营销能力的类型及关系研究ੀ๙ࣜ࠶ᇂ,൞थקఒြളթ֥ࠎЧ่ࡱbఒြೂᄝሧჷႏཧି৯(1)ఒြቆᆮႏཧି৯ٚ૫ᅝऌႪ൝,сିؓఒြ֥ؿᅚఏ֞ᇗေ֥ቔႨbሧჷDayಪູᄝ൧ӆ౺ቆᆮᇏ֥ఒြႏཧି৯ቋႵห൞ႏཧି৯֥ᇗေቆӮ҆ٳbၛሧჷູࠎԤބԛؿ֥ׄሧ֥หᆘ൞ᅧ൧ӆۋᆩି৯ބ৳༢ܤग़֥ି৯bఒြቆᆮჷႏཧି৯Ⴕඹ۱࢘؇֥҂bః၂൞ᆩ്ቔູሧჷႏཧႏཧି৯сྶࣉྛሸކэ۪,ॖၛؓགྷႵႏཧି৯ࣉྛᆐି৯༵थ่ࡱ֥ႏཧି৯;ఃؽ൞ሧჷႏཧି৯ࣩؓᆚႪ؎,э۪ؓࡼটླ֥ყ௹ି৯,ᇗྍഡ࠹Ⴎ༯طഈ֥ࠎ൝ႵᇗေቔႨ,ሧჷაି৯ି౺ӮࣩᆚႪ൝;ః൞ሧჷЧੀӱି৯ބႮഈط༯֥֝ཟაӵ୶֥ି৯,ԷྍބႨऎႵࡎᆴ,൞ఒြ֥ᇗေሧӁބି৯,ሧӁሧჷЇݣܤྐ༏ඌ֥ି৯ა৵࿃ሔሶิ֥ۚି৯bაᇙ҂֥ႏཧग़aჴ۽ބܢת֩,न൞ሧჷ֥ࣩᆚႪ൝ބି৯bఃඹ൞ି৯ି֝ᇁႪྮ֥ቆᆮіགྷ,ఒြ֥ቆᆮႏཧି৯ॖФ൪ሧჷႏཧି৯ႋႵೆ)Ӂԛི֥ݔbLawsonބSamsonູหљ֥ᇉaದބቆᆮ֥ሧӁࠇሧჷ֥ႏཧି৯఼֥֥࣮ࠢט:/ఒြႋऎႵၛྍ֥ି৯ٚمၛᇗگֹކbቆᆮᇏ֥ႏཧି৯Їݣႏཧߌa໓߄ބ֥ؒႏཧބॹֹቆކሧჷaѩࠆ౼ڸࡆ֥ሧჷ,طିԩ؟Ⴥି৯ҵၳbNeill֥࣮ಒಪਔथקቆᆮ֥ۋྟି৯൞ۋ֥ሧჷ֥ႏཧି৯b0ྟଆၹሰ֥ҵၳbवሥູܵᆀಒקਔቆᆮҪՑ֥ো(2)ఒြႏཧି৯ି৯ູܴିaದ໓ିaඌି,।Շᄵิԛֻඹఒြႏཧି৯൞ၛఒြູᇏྏ֥۲ᇕཌྷܱ֥ႏཧିᇕࢳथ໙ี֥ି৯)))ഡ࠹ିbቆᆮࡗ֥Ӵྐေބཌྷ৯,൞ႏཧି৯֥ᇗေቆӮ҆ٳ,ႵఒြቆᆮႏཧିቔႨؓႏཧି৯Ⴕ႕ཙ,ႏཧି৯္႕ཙቆᆮࡗေ֥৯aఒြԷྍႏཧି৯aఒြᅞႏཧି৯ބఒြނྏႏᆳྛbཧି৯ඹᇕোb(2)ఒြԷྍႏཧି৯(3)൧ӆႏཧି৯50؟୍ၛభ,д֤#֣ਗ਼क़(Drucker)ඪ:/ޅ൧ӆႏཧି৯൞ၛ൧ӆູᇏྏ֥ႏཧି৯,Їও൧ӆ֥ఒြႚႵᆃਆ۱ࠎԤေ,္ᆺႵᆃਆ۱ࠎԤေ:ႏ֥܂ႋି৯a൧ӆຉᅚି৯a൧ӆטି৯a൧ӆᅝႵିཧބԷྍ,ିӁള۷؟֥ܤग़b0ఒြԷྍႏཧି৯൞ఒ৯a൧ӆླྀטି৯֩b൞ੀӱ৽ֻ֥ߌࢫ,ӵࢤਔੀြᇗေ֥ࣩᆚఖ,҂ࣇࣇ൞ఒြ֥ࠎԤေ,۷൞ఒြӱ৽ഈႳ֥ሧჷაളӁି৯ࠣ༯Ⴓ֥ܤग़ႏཧି৯֩b൧ॖӻ࿃ؿᅚ֥ܱbఒြԷྍႏཧି৯іགྷᄝඌԷྍaӆႏཧି৯൞ੀӱႏཧି৯֥၂۱ᇗေ҆ٳ,ᇗܱׄᇿ൧ӁԷྍaᆩ്ԷྍބቆᆮԷྍ֩ٚ૫bLawsonބSam-ӆ֥ٚཟaۿିބֹ໊aѓሙ֩bson఼טᄝ၂۱֥ބ֥֕ࣜႏߌᇏ৫ԩ/ᇶ൧ӆ֝ཟა൧ӆႏཧି৯ܱ༢ٳࣅૡb۲҆ᆭࡗੀ0ބ/ྍੀ0֥҂ླေ֥Էྍି৯൞҂ॖିӮۿ֥ି৯൞൧ӆ֝ཟॿࡏ֥భ,ิଽᄝି৯֥ܱ৳൞൧ӆ֥֝bඌ൞Էྍႏཧି৯֥ᇗေჭބࠎԤ่ࡱbఒြԷཟॿࡏ֥ࠎԤ,ଽᄝି৯֥ླྀט൞൧ӆ֝ཟॿࡏ֥ቆӮ҆ྍႏཧି৯ିᄹ఼ఒြ֥ႏཧࣩᆚି৯aൌ࠽ᄎႨି৯aٳbۚࠩሸކ֥൧ӆཌྷܱ֥ᆩ്ބඌ൞൧ӆ֝ཟఒြ֥ྍӁ֥षؿି৯,ѩିࠆ֤ቋࡄ֥Էྍ൬ၭbఒြ֥ႏหႏཧି৯bGounaris֥࣮ಒಪਔ൧ӆ֝ཟଽᄝି৯ཧି৯ିิۚԷྍඌඣbఒြေԷྍѩ҂ಸၞ,ఒြॖၛਈ߄bႏཧି৯Ֆ൧ӆ֥ۿିބֹ໊ഈӵࢤӁބ౻Էྍႏཧି৯ؓఒြࣩᆚᅞ߶Ӂളᇗေ֥ቔႨބ႕ཙb,֡ѩླྀט܂ႋ৽ഈ༯Ⴓ֥ି৯ܱ༢bၛ൧ӆ֥ѓሙູࠎԷྍႏཧି৯ି႕ཙఒြቆᆮ֥Էྍ؇ބӻ࿃֥ࣩᆚႪԤ,ؓႏཧି৯ࣉྛק໊ބ՜ࣉႏཧି৯֥ิۚb൝bԷྍႏཧି৯֥࣮ႵᇹႿᅞႏཧંބൌ֥ؿ(4)ܤग़ႏཧି৯ᅚbႏཧބԷྍ൞ਆ۱ᇗေ֥ି৯,ૌᆭࡗթᄝཌྷܱܤग़ႏཧି৯൞ၛܤग़ູᇏྏ֥ႏཧି৯,Їওܤग़,ྟॖၛሸކᄝ၂ఏྙӮఒြԷྍႏཧି৯bఒြԷྍႏྛູٳ༅ି৯aܤग़ܱ༢ି৯aܤग़๙ି৯ބܤग़ၳၰཧି৯҂൞ܛ৫,֥ط൞აྸ؟ၹཌྷܱ৳,ೂބఒြࡅሇ߄ି৯֩bՖܤग़ࡎᆴ࢘؇,ुԷᄯႪᇉܤग़ࡎᆴ֥ିࣚപ֥ቆᆮ໓߄aࣩᆚႪ൝֩Ⴕܱ༢b৯ିӮູఒြ֥ᇶေႏཧି৯bႵห֥ႏཧି৯֥Ⴕི(3)ఒြᅞႏཧି৯ྟିӁളႪᇉ֥ܤग़ࡎᆴbႏཧି৯ᆜކ႕ཙ҂֥ܤग़ఒြᅞႏཧି৯൞ఒြໃটؿᅚсྶऎС֥ି৯ބႏཧି৯,ؓႏཧି৯֥ؿᅚႵᇗေ܊ང,ିԷᄯႪᇉ่֥ࡱ,൞ఒြᅞଢѓ֤ၛൌགྷ֥ႏཧି৯bఒြᅞႏܤग़ࡎᆴbՖܤग़ᇏྏބܤग़֝ཟ࢘؇,ुႏཧି৯֥ࠎཧି৯఼֥ܱ༢֞ఒြ֥ؿᅚܿଆaؿᅚඣaؿᅚٚԤ൞ྐဟaࡎᆴܴބܤग़ᇏྏ,ܤग़֝ཟିܔԷᄯӻ࿃֥ཟaؿᅚਫ਼ཌࠣؿᅚࣉӱbఒြᅞႏཧି৯֥ቆᆮaൌࣩᆚႪ൝,ܤग़ܱ༢Ф൪ູఒြ֥ܱᅞሧჷି৯bਔീބᄎቔ,ؓิശఒြ֥ႏཧି৯Ⴕᇗေ܊ངbࢳܤग़֥ླ,ܤग़ࡎᆴ֥ཙႋଆ(Cohen)߶ؓཟགྷఒြᅞႏཧି৯֥ቔႨؓᅞ֥ંބൌটඪ൞Ⴕ֥ܤग़ิ܂ྍӁ֥ି৯Ӂള႕ཙb၂۱ᇗေ܊ང,൞ఒြႏཧି৯֥ห൹ቔႨ֥ྍၰีbఒ413 ఒြোႏཧି৯ြᅞႏཧି৯ऎႵᆜކྟބቆᆮି৯֥گᄖྟႏཧି৯൞ఒြᇗေ֥ሧჷބࣩᆚ৯,ؓఒြ֥ളթ(Neill)bՎຓ,ఒြᅞႏཧି৯ऎႵཌྷ؛,ྟіބؿᅚᇀܱᇗေ,ၹՎ,ࢠ؟֥࿐ᆀܱᇿఒြ࢘؇֥ႏཧགྷᄝܿ߃ႏཧି৯ൈ,၂۱ޓ఼֥ႏཧܿ߃ି৯ॖିࡨഒି৯bႏཧି৯Ֆఒြ࢘؇ॖၛٳູၛ༯ো:ఒြቆᆮႏཧܿ߃ު֥ਲࠃᄎቔ,ൈႻЇݣਔܥႵ֥ੀӱېྟbႏཧି৯aఒြԷྍႏཧି৯aఒြᅞႏཧି৯ބఒြ(4)ఒြނྏႏཧି৯ނྏႏཧି৯֩bఒြނྏႏཧି৯൞ູਔൡႋ҂֥ຓ҆ߌطႵս2010110 143
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