ᆯြඌ࿐ჽ࿐Б2008୍ֻ10जֻ4௹ ݴॢੀӁԷྍ࣮ ᦨ ѯ č්ᇜն࿐ܵ࿐ჽđࡾ්්ᇜđ215006Ď ᅋ ေğݓݴॢੀ൧ӆؿᅚ٤ӈđݓݴॢᄎൻఒြ૫ਢਔࠗਛࣩᆚބभ֥็ᅞb႕ཙݓݴॢੀؿᅚ၂۱ᇗေ֥ჰၹ൞ଢభݓଽݴॢੀӁбࢠֆ၂đӁԷྍӱ؇֮b૫ؓݓݴॢੀӁགྷሑđૌॖࡼሹཌଆॶ߄ٚمࢲކ֞ݴॢੀӁഡ࠹ᇏđൌགྷݴॢੀӁԷྍb ܱՍğ ݴॢੀĠӁԷྍĠଆॶ߄b ᇏٳোݼğF560Ġ ໓ངѓ്ğAĠ໓ᅣщݼğ1009-1114č2008Ď04-0033-03 Research on Renovation of Air Transportation Logistic TENG Bo Abstract: In the background of rapid national air logistic markets, the national air transportation enterprises are confronted with fierce competition and challenges. The air transportation services are limited and more creative services are demanded. The thesis conducts a study on the problems in air logistic transportation. Then it suggests general modularization as a way for domestic air logistic enterprises to renovate their services. Key words: air transportation logistic; renovation; modularization. ൬۠ರ௹ğ2008-8-11 ቔᆀࡥࢺğᦨѯč1975iĎđ୯đνߪದđ්ᇜն࿐۽അܵණൖb [5]1. ႄ ֥࣮đպ൰ิԛᄝڛༀࡎᆴ৽ੀӱഈοᅶ༢߄a৫୍࣍ࠫটđݓݴॢࠊᄎሹਈၛؽ໊ඔॹᄹӉđݴุ߄ބൌൈ߄ჰᄵؓڛༀြༀੀӱࣉྛᄜᄯ֥ڛༀԷྍҦॢᄎൻఒြ֥ࠊᄎ൧ӆٺحႮ1995୍֥50%༯ࢆ֞2004୍đѩಪູఒြڛༀԷྍ֥ݖӱ൞ؓࢤԨڛༀ֥ေčࠧ[1][6]֥%,ᆃඪૼਔݓݴॢࠊᄎؿᅚၘࣜࣉೆۚؿᅚఒြቆᆮaჴ۽ބܤग़Ď֥ᇗྍቆކĠྸ౩ೋ֩ՖڛༀԷ௹đݓଽݴॢᄎൻఒြ૫ਢभ֥็ᅞbݓݴॢᄎൻఒྍ֥หྟ࢘؇ԛؿđಪູڛༀԷྍݖӱ൞ੀӱڿᄯބӁԷ[7]ြေᄝ൧ӆࣩᆚᇏ഻ԛđࣼсྶޓݺࢳथ൧ӆषؿބࠊჷቆྍ֥ࢲކĠݢࡴᄵϜڛༀुӮ൞၂ᇕӁđࡼڛༀԷྍٳ[8]ᆮ໙ีb ູϖ۱ࢨ؍Ġୗ໓ྒ֩ࢹᇅᄯြ࣮აषؿ֥Ӂࠣളᄝ൧ӆषؿٚ૫đݴॢᄎൻఒြсྶᅧܤग़ླđࣉଁᇛ௹Ⴊ߄مčPACEĎฐษڛༀؿ֥ܵଆൔބੀӱbྛӁڛༀԷྍđၛડቀܤग़۱ྟ߄აקᇅ߄֥ླbྦྷдሸܴݓଽຓڛༀԷྍ֥࣮ӮݔđڛༀԷྍࠃᇶေࠢᇏᄝหಪູڛༀԷྍ൞ࣜ࠶ᄹӉ֥ྍႄౣđԷྍ࣮ᇏڛༀԷࣁವြa໓࢝ြބ๙ྐြđఃՑ൞Ќགြބਬ൲ြđطܱႿྍ֥࣮ಏбࢠᇌުbଢభݓຓڛༀԷྍ࣮ᇶေࠢᇏᄝڛੀြބ੪ႳြڛༀԷྍ֥࣮ᄵ٤ӈഒđؓݴॢࠊᄎ֥ڛༀԷྍؓఃࣜ࠶֥҆႕ཙaڛༀԷྍ֥ᆟҦᇅ؇aྐ༏ༀԷྍ֥࣮ࠫެ൞ॢϢbၹՎЧ໓ၛݓݴॢࠊᄎӁ൧ඌؓڛༀԷྍ֥႕ཙaڛༀԷྍଆ֥࣮aڛༀԷྍაӆགྷሑູМࣟđٳ༅ݓଽݴॢᄎൻఒြӁᇶေթᄝ֥໙۽ြԷྍ֥ၳ֩ٚ૫bೂᇝჴ߶ሧᇹ֥SI14S࣮ਔีđิԛݴॢࠊᄎӁ֥Էྍٚمđູݓݴॢᄎൻఒြࣉڛༀਵთ֥Էྍࠣఃೂޅ႕ཙఃࣜ࠶֥҆ԷྍđၛьູྛࠊᄎӁԷྍิ܂ҕॉb ၂۱ࠎႿᆩ്֥ڛༀഠ߶ᇅקཌྷܱ֥ᆟҦĠArandaބ2. ݓݴॢੀӁڛༀགྷሑ [2]Monlina-FemandezิԛਔࠎႿᆩ്ંषؿԛڛༀԷྍӱෛሢݓݴॢ൧ӆ֥ᇯ҄ष٢đݓଽݴॢࠊᄎ൧ӆ္ؿ؇֥ଆđૌಪູቆᆮӮჴ֥ᆩ്ੀބᆩ്ವކି৯൞Էളਔ֥э߄đෛሢUPSaFedExaDHL֩նݴॢੀ[3]ྍӮۿൌགྷ֥ܱĠPearson࣮ਔЌགြڛༀԷྍ֥ൎఒြ֥ࣉೆđݓଽݴॢࠊᄎ൧ӆࣩᆚэ֤ॢభࠗਛbݓݴଆൔđٳ༅ਔڛༀԷྍଆൔބႇݓӁြԷྍᇛ௹ᆭࡗ֥ܱॢᄎൻఒြ୍࣍ࠫؿᅚбࢠॹđԛགྷਔᇏݓݴॢࠊᄎ܄ඳa[4]༢ĠDen HertogิԛਔڛༀԷྍ֥ඹົଆđѩᆷԛ٤ဘሰࡾॹᄎ܄ඳa᳢էݓ࠽ࠊᄎ܄ඳ֩ህြ߄ࠊᄎ܄ඳđඌၹčڛༀۀaग़ࢤ१ࠣڛༀԮ־༢ĎᄝԷྍᇏ֥൞ݓଽࠊᄎି৯ᄹӉ৯؇҂նđᄛᄎੱ၇ಖޓ֮bࢩᇀ2004ᇗေၩၬbᄝݓଽđᄀটᄀ؟ֹ࿐ᆀषܱᇿڛༀԷྍਵთ୍đݓݴ܋ႵࠊႯᄎ٦ࠏ37ࡏđཌྷؓႿႚႵ754ࡏᄎ 33
ᦨ ѯğݴॢੀӁԷྍ࣮ ൻ٦ࠏ֥ݓݴطđࠊႯᄎ٦ࠏܿଆބб২၇ಖொཬbՎຓߎקၬ၂ᇕۚҪՑ֥Ӯٳູሹཌđః֥ֆჭࠇٳሰॖაႚႵ610ࡏࠊࠏ֥FedEx܄ඳཌྷбđݓଽࠊᄎ٦ࠏሹਈᆺၛڸሢఃഈđোරႿӁb۴ऌݴॢࠊᄎ֥หׄđൈࡗႵ֥1/16bၹՎݓଽݴॢ܄ඳิ܂֥Ҝ໊đหљ൞ݓ࠽ݴྟaॖौྟaّႋྟaνಆྟaࣜ࠶ྟູ֩ࠊᄎӁ֥ނྏཌ֥Ҝ໊đჹჹ҂ିડቀग़ླ֥ᄹࡆbݓݴ֥ݓ࠽ေđૌٳљЇݣᄝڛༀӁܒࡱ֥ჰሰaֆჭaٳሰބࠊᄎಯඋႿԮ֥ݴॢࠊᄎđࣇ൞০ႨࠊࠏࡼࠊႮݓଽᄎሹཌᇏbЧ໓ູݓݴॢੀӁิԛሹཌଆॶࢲܒbοᅶൻ֞ݓຓđીႵྙӮ၂۱ݴॢੀุ༢đݓଽࠊᄎಯၛԮགྷྛࠊᄎᄎൻ֥ྙൔđሹཌॖၛٳູࣜ࠶ॖौྟતࡱڛༀބ֥ग़ࠏڴҜᄛࠊູᇶđᄎൻਈބܿଆޓཬbݓଽݴॢᄎൻॹࡱڛༀਆᇕbॹࡱॖၛࣉ၂҄οᅶൈࡗေࣉྛ༥ٳđೂఒြӁԷྍၩ്֎ЊđݴॢࠊᄎӁᇕ္бࢠֆ၂đ؟ߏࠤࡱč1฿ଽ֞ղĎaࠤࡱč10ཬൈଽ֞ղĎaหࠤč6ཬູ“ࠏӆ֞ࠏӆ”čAĒAĎ֥௴ࠊڛༀđࠊᄎᄎൻࠊ֥ᇕൈଽ֞ղĎ֩ĠֆჭॖၛႵࠏӆ֞ࠏӆڛༀđ֞ڛༀࠣၛ١ᆮᇅaທऎa۽ြᇅӮູ֩ᇶđطຓݴॢ܄ඳಏఃᄹᆴڛༀčੀ๙ࡆ۽֩ᄹᆴڛༀĎĠٳሰॖၛοᅶᄎൻၛۚڸࡆᆴaᄎൻࡎ۬ӵ൳ି৯఼֥ॹࡱaሰఖࠣളࠊ֥ᄎൻေაหྟࣉྛ߃ٳđ༷ࠃaၞڪa၄ူູ֩ᇶđೂૅݓݴॢ܄ඳࠊᄎ൬ೆᇏ60%টሱݴॢॹࡱᇗaޚ໑aӑնӑᇗaൈഉaࣚૡఖࡱᄎൻđݓ80%֞90%֥ݴॢॹࡱФຓݴॢ܄ඳ؎bՖ֩ĠჰሰॖၛٳູڛༀൈࡗaڛༀᇉਈaࠊҰ࿘ა۵ሶaሹุഈٳ༅đݓݴॢࠊᄎఒြؿᅚ౦ঃ҂མ֥၂۱ᇗေڛༀࡎ۬aಸਈЌᆣaᇉਈൈࡗӵ୶Ќᆣ֩bૄ۱ٳሰ෮ؓჰၹࣼᄝႿݓଽݴॢࠊᄎીႵؓ൧ӆࣉྛ༥߄ൈᇅקଢႋ֥ჰሰ֥ऎุଽಸ۲҂ཌྷđᆜ۱ሹཌࢲܒೂ1෮ൕb ѓ൧ӆ֥Ӂđ۷ીႵิ܂ᄹᆴڛༀྙӮ֖ۚՑӁđၹՎႮਆ่ሹཌॖၛቆކԛޓ؟ࠊᄎڛༀӁđбೂᇗᄯӮӁᇕো҂پڶaۚࡎᆴӁ҂؟đሹุ൬ၭ҂ۚbऌ֥ࣜ࠶ॖौતࡱڛༀสҔđିܔิ܂ࠏӆ֞ࠏӆڛༀaՎЧ໓ิԛࠊᄎӁଆॶ߄֥ٚمটپڶݓଽݴࠊᄎӁ֞ڛༀđᄝჰሰٚ૫đൈࡗေொ֮čೂ2฿ଽ֞ղĎđđၛ௹ൌགྷӁԷྍაིၭᄹӉb ڛༀࡎ֮۬đಸਈЌᆣ؇֮(҂ିЌᆣࠊෛ֞Ҝ໊ෛႵ)đ3. ଆॶ߄ݴॢੀӁԷྍ ࠊ۵ሶҰ࿘ࢠݺđൈࡗӵ୶Ќᆣ֮bቆކԛᇗ֥. ݴॢੀӁଆॶ ॹࡱڛༀสҔđᄵఃჰሰ֥ଽಸ҂ğൈࡗေۚđڛༀࡎݴॢੀӁऎႵྙྟaၞ൜ྟa҂ॖթԥྟ֩หᆘđ۬ۚđಸਈЌᆣ؇ۚčିܔЌᆣෛ֞ෛڛༀĎđൈࡗӵ୶ЌѩടࠣڛༀԮ־༢aӮٳaڛༀದჴaڛༀቆᆮ֩ᇭᆣۚbఒြॖၛҐႨࢌࠊ௹ཌྷܱקࡎծീটЌᆣൈࡗӵ୶đ؟ၹđ෮ၛᆜ۱ݴॢੀӁ္іགྷູڛༀЇ֥ྙൔb၇ೂЌᆣᄝ10ཬൈଽࠊ֞ղđӑݖ4ཬൈࠊીႵ֞ղđ[9]ऌFitzsimmons֥קၬđڛༀЇ൞၂۱۲ᇕႵྙބྙေᄎٮಆ૧đӑݖ2ཬൈࠊᄎໃ֞ղđᄎٮ۳Ⴭ၂ק֥ᅼ२b֥ࠢކđЇওᆦӻྟഡീaڣᇹaཁྟڛༀၛࠣႅྟႵܱህࡅა࿐ᆀಪູᆃᇕࢌࠊ௹ཌྷܱקࡎٚم၂ٚ૫ЌᆣڛༀඹնၹbཁྟڛༀބڣᇹඋႿڛༀӁଽಸđႅఒြ֥ڛༀᇉਈđਸ਼၂ٚ૫ޓݺֹՏࠗਔܤग़֥ླđᄹնྟڛༀaᆦӻྟഡീඋႿڛༀӁݖӱbЧ໓ؓݴॢੀӁܤग़ؓఒြ֥ླਈbဢđؓႿఃোٳሰॖၛቆކ০ଆॶ߄֥࣮ᇶေࠎႿڛༀӁଽಸᅚषđ҂֥ଆॶႨჰሰ֥หྟđೂӑᇗđॖၛ০Ⴈޚ໑֥ჰሰေ߄ؓڛༀݖӱ္߶Ⴕ҂֥ေb ֥หྟđ۴ऌܤग़֥ླοᅶൌ࠽౦ঃࣉྛၩቆކb๙ݖଆॶ߄൞Ӂ؟ဢ߄ބ֮ӮЧൌགྷ֥ܱbଆॶ൞ӁՖ҂࢘؇ؓݴॢࠊᄎڛༀࣉྛ߃ٳđՖሹཌଆॶࢲܒࣉྛۿିބࢲܒҪҪٳࢳ֥ࢲݔđᄝࡨഒӁӮٳэ߄ӱ؇֥ሹཌaٳሰaჰሰaֆჭ݂োđՖطᆌؓଖ၂۱หקܤग़ᇅ[10]ൈิ܂۷նٓຶ֥ᇔ؊ӁbUlrichބTurg۴ऌଆॶ߄קหק֥ڛༀӁđၛ႒ކܤग़۱ྟ߄ބ؟ဢ߄֥ླb۴֥ࢲܒބۿିหᆘٳԛੂᇕࠎЧ֥ଆॶ߄ྙൔđٳљ൞܋ऌݓݴॢࠊᄎ൧ӆླ౦ঃđॖၛഡ࠹ԛೂі1෮ൕ֥ݴཚӮٳଆॶ߄aࢌߐӮٳଆॶ߄aਈุҊ၉ଆॶ߄aࠁކଆॢࠊᄎྍӁቆކbࠊᄎӁॖაֆჭቆކԛࠏӆ֞ࠏӆaॶ߄ၛࠣॖቆކଆॶ߄ބሹཌଆॶ߄bॉ੮֞ࠊᄎڛༀӁ֞ބᄹᆴڛༀ؟ᇕࠊᄎྍӁb০Ⴈሹཌଆॶ߄ٚم֥ؓࢲܒაۿି֥၂ᇁྟđॖၛҐႨॖቆކଆॶ߄ބሹཌଆॶࠊᄎӁࣉྛԷྍđॖૼཁᄹ؟ࠊᄎӁᇕđఒြ۴ऌ۲߄ࣉྛܒࡱቆކbఃᇏॖቆކଆॶ߄ᄝંഈᄍྸޅඔਈሱ౦ঃࣉྛ൧ӆק໊đൌགྷࣜ࠶ིၭ֥ᄹӉb ჰ֥҂ေa҂ҪՑ֥ܒࡱοޅླေ֥ٚൔቆކđᆺႵሰࠏေିವೆڛༀЇđࣼ൞҂Ⴥ֥bሹཌଆॶ߄ᄵҐႨॖၛӆٳ֞ڸࡆնਈ҂ܒࡱ֥ѓሙࢲܒđఃѓሙ߄ࢲܒᄍྸᄝҬೆఃൈࡎᇉЌҰ֞ࠏሰᄹࡗֆ۬ਈᆣ࿘ӆᆴഈ֥ଆॶ֥ඔਈaোބ໊ᇂ֩ٚ૫Ⴕ෮э߄bЧ໓ҐႨሹჭڛڛڛ༷ࠃᇗӑᇗࣚૡൈഉༀༀཌଆॶ߄ٚمؓݓݴॢੀӁࣉྛଆॶ߃ٳაቆކbༀ ࣜ࠶ॖौྟતࡱڛༀሹ. ଆॶܒࡱაڛༀቆކ ཌॹࡱڛༀčหࠤaࠤaߏࠤĎ[11] PetersބSaidinಪູॖၛοᅶࢲܒྟ֥ٳҪቆކླေđ1ݴॢੀӁሹཌଆॶࢲܒ ؓڛༀӁଽಸࣉྛܒࡱҪՑ߃ٳğٳሰູֆཛ֥ڛༀิ ܂đֆჭູઆࠠ৫ሰڛༀđჰሰູ٤৫ڛༀଽಸބေb4. ࢲં 34
ᆯြඌ࿐ჽ࿐Б2008୍ֻ10जֻ4௹ Ч໓ٳ༅ਔݓݴॢੀ൧ӆ֥གྷሑđؿགྷݓଽݴॢႋھ҂ࣇิ܂ࠊթԥaЇልaልཱྀaᄎൻ֩ߌࢫڛༀđߎੀӁᇕֆ၂đطᄎൻোࡎᆴொ֮bᄯӮᆃᇕགྷႋھิ܂ყҩaҐܓaקֆԩaෂaੀࢳथٚσa९འ֥ᇶေჰၹ൞ݓଽݴॢఒြؓ൧ӆषؿ৯؇҂ܔđ൧ӆ༥թ॥ᇅaົྩ֩ᄹᆴڛༀđࣉ၂҄پڶݴॢੀӁ֥ᇕđٳაק໊҂໊֞bູਔิۚݓଽݴॢఒြ֥൧ӆࣩᆚ৯đݴࡆն൧ӆषؿđቋնӱ؇ഈડቀܤग़֥ླđၛิۚఒြ֥ॢᄎൻఒြсྶࣉྛڛༀԷྍbЧ໓ิԛ၂ᇕҐႨሹཌଆॶࣜ࠶ིၭb ߄֥ٚمؓݓݴॢੀӁࣉྛԷྍbਸ਼ຓݓݴॢఒြ і1 ݴॢੀӁڛༀቆކ ൈࡗေ ࡎ۬ ᇉਈေ ಸਈЌᆣ؇ ۵ሶҰ࿘ ЇݕႯࡱॹࡱڛༀ 6ཬൈ ۚ ۚ ۚ ݺ ሰӁหॹڛༀ 10ཬൈ ۚ ۚ ۚ ݺ ሰӁॹࡱڛༀ 12ཬൈ ۚ ۚ ۚ ݺ ሰӁ௴ࡱڛༀ 24ཬൈ ᇏ ۚ ۚ ݺ ࣜ࠶ॖौ௴ࡱڛༀ 48ཬൈ ֮ ֮ ֮ ݺ ࠊ௴ࡱڛༀ 72ཬൈ ֮ ֮ ֮ ၂Ϯ ᇗڛༀ 48ཬൈ ۚ ۚ ֮ ݺ ༷ࠃࠊڛༀ 12ཬൈ ۚ ۚ ۚ ݺ ᇗࠊڛༀ 48ཬൈ ᇏ ᇏ ᇏ ݺ ൈഉॹࡱڛༀ 24ཬൈ ۚ ۚ ۚ ݺ ҕॉ໓ང [1]ਾۿൢ.ؿᅚაшჸ߄ᇏ֥ݓݴݓ࠽ࠊᄎ[J].ᇏݓႨ[6]ྸ౩ೋđ੧٦.ڛༀԷྍԚฐ[J].॓࿐࿐ა॓࿐ඌܵđݴॢ,2005(6):19-23. 2003(3):34-37. [2]Aranda D A, Monlina-Fernandez L M. Determinants of [7]ݢࡴ.ંۖ१ڛༀԷྍ[J].ۖ१ࣜ࠶đ2003č2Ď. Innovation Through A Knowledge-Based Theory Lens[M]. [8]ୗ໓ྒ,ᇛ.ڛༀఒြ֥࣮აषؿܵ[J].ࣜ࠶ܵIndustrial Management Data Systems Wembley,2002. Ēྍܵ,2003(6). [3]Pearson R. Towards An Historical Model of Services [9]Fitzsimmons J Ađ Fitzsimmons M J.ڛༀܵğᄎቔaҦInnovation: The Case of the Insurance Industry 1700-1914[J]. ބྐ༏ඌ[M].ࠏྀ۽ြԛϱഠđ2003. Economics Historical Review,1997(2):60-71. [10]Ulrich K T, Turg K. Fundamentals of Product [4]Den Hertog P. Knowledge Intensive Business Services As Modularity[R]. Sban School of Management, MIT,1991. Co-Producers of Innovation[R]. Dialogic, Utrecht, The [11]Peters L, Saidin H. IT and the Mass Customization of Netherlands,2001. Services: the Challenge of Implementation [J]. International [5]պ൰.ఒြڛༀԷྍᇏ֥໓߄Ԋࠣטൡ[J].ఒြࣜ࠶đJournal of Information Management, 2000(20):103-119. 2003č4Ď. 35
