ꆡ탄ꆡ샭ꆡ톧ꆡ놨ꆡ2005,37(4):524ꆫ534ꆡꆡActaPsychologicaSinica쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐뗄맢뮷킧펦슽웦뇳ꆡ헔ꆡ욽ꆡ췵ꆡ룟ꆡ믆뺢쯉(쟥뮪듳톧뺭볃맜샭톧풺,놱뺩100084)햪ꆡ튪ꆡ틔훐맺쳺슷뿍퓋럾컱캪퇐뺿뛔쿳,닉폃컊뻭뗷닩뗄랽램,횤쪵쇋퓚쿻럑싺틢뛈쪵볊닢솿훐맢뮷킧펦듦퓚뗄뿍맛탔,늢퇩횤쇋쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐춬퇹듦퓚ퟜ쳥펡쿳뫍쿔훸캬뛈솽훖맢뮷킧펦ꆣ뷸튻늽퇐뺿랢쿖,컞싛짏쫶쓄훖샠탍맢뮷킧펦,웤펰쿬뚼쫇춨맽뛔싺틢뛈횱뷓펰쿬뷏듳뗄캬뛈뷸탐뒫뗝;틲듋,웳튵퓚룄뷸쿻럑헟싺틢뛈쪱,췪좫뿉틔샻폃맢뮷킧펦,춨맽룄뷸쿔훸캬뛈살쏖늹웤쯻캬뛈뗄늻ퟣꆣ맘볼듊ꆡ쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿,맢뮷킧펦,뷡릹랽돌쒣탍ꆣ럖샠뫅ꆡB849;C93럾컱놾짭쳡릩뗄뿬샖돌뛈뗄튻훖훷맛에뛏ꆣOliver1ꆡ컊쳢쳡돶뗄헢훖뚨틥듓룼돩쿳뗄닣쏦뛔싺틢뛈헢훖죋샠탄샭ꆡꆡ쿻럑헟싺틢쫇쿻럑욷훆퓬웳튵뫍쿻럑헟럾컱웳ힴ첬뷸탐쇋룅삨,듓뛸뗃떽쇋톧쫵뷧뗄웕뇩죏춬,뺡튵돉릦뗄맘볼틲쯘,헢튻뗣틑훰붥놻톧쫵뷧뫍쪵튵맜룃뚨틥늢쎻폐쿱Wirtz쓇퇹룸돶쏷좷뗄닢솿뷧쯹죏춬ꆣ뛸튪쇋뷢쿻럑헟싺틢뛈ힴ뿶,뷸뛸룄뷸횸떼ꆣ쿻럑헟싺틢뛈,쫗쿈탨튪뾪햹뗄릤ퟷ뻍쫇뛔웤뷸탐ꆡꆡ퓚뛔쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿랽쏦,쒿잰훷튪닉폃솽폐킧뗄닢솿ꆣ틲듋,웳튵쎿쓪춶죫듳솿뗄뷰뾪햹훖랽램,웤튻쫇뛠쫴탔쒣탍닢솿랽램,웤뛾쫇뷡릹랽헢쿮릤ퟷ,틔웚냑컕쿻럑헟뛔놾웳튵뗄닺욷뫍럾컱돌쒣탍닢솿랽램ꆣ뛠쫴탔쒣탍닢솿랽램뗄돶쿖퓧폚뗄헦쪵움볛[1]ꆣ뷡릹랽돌쒣탍랽램,쯼쫇짏룶쫀볍90쓪듺틔잰쿻럑ꆡꆡ뷼20쓪살,톧쫵뷧뛔쿻럑헟싺틢뛈뗄샭뷢훰붥헟싺틢뛈닢솿뗄훷튪랽램[6],늢뗃떽쇋듳솿쪵횤퇐짮죫ꆣ퓚1992쓪틔잰,뫜뛠톧헟뚼죏캪,쿻럑헟싺뺿뗄횧돖[8ꆫ10]ꆣ닉폃뛠쫴탔쒣탍랽램살닢솿쿻럑틢뛈쫇쿻럑헟뛔튻듎쿻럑뺭샺뗄룐쫜[2ꆫ5]ꆣ1993헟싺틢뛈,쫗쿈튪헒돶펰쿬쿻럑헟뛔닺욷믲럾컱움쓪[6],Wirtz쳡돶쇋폫웚췻늻튻훂뗄싺틢뛈룅쓮,벴볛뗄룷훖훷튪쫴탔늢붫웤ퟷ캪싺틢뛈뗄닢솿뇤솿,쿻럑헟퓚릺싲잰뛔쒳룶욷없닺짺웚췻,퓚릺싲뫳뗄좻뫳룹뻝볒뺭퇩믲쿻럑헟ퟔ컒놨룦,뛔쎿룶싺틢쿻럑맽돌훐뛔룃욷없뷸탐룐횪,늢붫쪵볊룐횪폫웚뛈닢솿뇤솿뢳폨튻뚨좨훘;춨맽뗷닩뿉틔뗃떽쿻럑췻뷸탐뇈뷏;떱쿻럑헟뗄쪵볊룐횪룟폚쯻뗄웚췻쪱,헟뛔쎿룶싺틢뛈닢솿뇤솿뗄움볛,퓙춨맽볓좨믣ퟜ,닺짺헽쿲늻튻훂,듓뛸떼훂룃쿻럑헟싺틢;랴횮,떱뻍뿉틔뗃떽쿻럑헟뛔닺욷믲럾컱ퟜ쳥싺틢뛈뗄움쪵볊룐횪뗍폚쯻뗄웚췻쪱,닺짺뢺쿲늻튻훂,듓뛸떼볛ꆣ닉폃헢훖랽램뗄튻룶훘튪풭틲퓚폚,뛔떥룶쫴훂쿻럑헟늻싺틢ꆣWirtz뛔싺틢뛈뗄헢훖뷢쫍쫜떽탔싺틢뛈쮮욽뗄럖컶뿉틔횱뷓폃폚횸떼헻룶닺욷믲쒳킩톧헟뗄훊틉ꆣ죧Oliver쳡돶,쿻럑헟폐붫웤룐럾컱싺틢뛈뗄룄뷸릤ퟷꆣ샽죧,맜샭늿쏅쓜릻에뛏,쫜떽뗄싺틢쮮욽쿲웚췻쮮욽뾿슣틔뇣뇜쏢웚췻쮮욽쿻럑헟뛔쒳룶쫴탔뗄늻싺틢퓚뛠듳돌뛈짏떼훂뛔헻폫싺틢쮮욽늻튻훂뗄쟣쿲ꆣ헢훖춬뮯킧펦쪹뗃웚췻룶닺욷믲럾컱뗄늻싺틢ꆣ춨맽쪶뇰헢킩싺틢뛈뗄풭쮮욽룟쪱싺틢뛈뻍룟;웚췻쮮욽뗍쪱,싺틢쮮욽뻍틲쫴탔벰쯼쏇뛔닺욷믲럾컱싺틢뛈뗄펰쿬돌뛈,쓜뗍ꆣ7]1996쓪,O[liverퟔ벺쳡돶쇋뛔싺틢뛈뗄탂뚨캪싺틢뛈룄뷸릤ퟷ횸쏷쇋랽쿲ꆣ틥,벴싺틢뛈쫇쿻럑헟쿻럑맽돌훐뗄랴펦,쯼쫇쿻럑ꆡꆡ뷡릹랽돌쒣탍닢솿랽램쫇퓚뛠쫴탔쒣탍닢솿랽헟퓚쿻럑맽돌훐,뛔닺욷믲럾컱뗄쳘뗣믲쫇닺욷믲램믹뒡짏랢햹웰살뗄ꆣ쯼퓚닢솿싺틢뛈뗄뇤솿톡퓱ꆡ쫕룥죕웚:2004-10-27ꆡ춨톶ퟷ헟:슽웦뇳,E2mail:luqb@ꆡ524
ꆡ4웚슽웦뇳뗈:쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐뗄맢뮷킧펦ꆡ525짏뫍뛠쫴탔쒣탍닢솿랽램쎻폐첫듳쟸뇰,솽헟ퟮ듳쯤좻늻춬퇐뺿헟뛔맢뮷킧펦뗄뚨틥믲뷢쫍폐뷏듳닮뗄쟸뇰퓚폚,뷡릹랽돌쒣탍닢솿랽램퓚뛠쫴탔쒣탍틬,떫폐튻뗣쫇듦퓚릲쪶뗄,벴퓚죋쏇뗄훷맛움볛맽닢솿뇤솿뗄믹뒡짏돩쿳돶잱뇤솿[11ꆫ13],늢쟒쓜릻춨돌훐,돊쿖욫닮뗄쟷쫆쫇듦퓚뗄ꆣ맽볆쯣룸돶룷룶잱뇤솿뛔싺틢뛈뗄펰쿬듳킡,듓뛸ꆡꆡ뺡맜맢뮷킧펦퓚쿻럑헟뗄첬뛈뫍탅쓮탎돉[25]ꆢ업돽쇋춨맽볒뺭퇩뗈죋캪훆뚨좨훘뗄훷맛펰욷없풭닺뗘[26]뗈맜샭탄샭톧쇬폲뗃떽맣랺뗄퇐뺿,쿬[14,15]ꆣ쯤좻뷡릹랽돌쒣탍닢솿랽램뗄웰풴뷏퓧,떫쫇맢뮷킧펦퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈훐뗄퇐뺿좴캪쫽늻떫횱떽짏쫀볍90쓪듺,쯼닅퓚쪵볹훐믱뗃쇋맣랺뗄뛠ꆣW[1]irtz럖뇰폚1995쓪뫍2000쓪[27]닉폃뷇즫펦폃ꆣ냧퇝뗄쪵퇩쫒퇐뺿쫖뛎,춨맽쒣쓢뮷뺳럖뇰퇐뺿쇋ꆡꆡ좻뛸,죧뫎뿆톧뗘닢솿뫍뷢쫍쿻럑헟싺틢뛈,짦볒춥틸탐럾컱뫍싃탐짧럾컱훐쿻럑헟싺틢뛈탎돉맽벰떽탭뛠짧믡톧뫍탄샭톧컊쳢,웤훐튻킩컊쳢뮹쎻돌훐뗄맢뮷킧펦ꆣ솽룶쒣쓢뮷뺳쪵퇩퇐뺿랢쿖,퓚폐췪좫뷢뻶,맢뮷킧펦뻍쫇웤훐횮튻ꆣ맺췢튻킩톧싺틢뛈닢솿훐좷쪵듦퓚맢뮷킧펦ꆣ떫쫇Wirtz뗄퇐헟죏캪,맢뮷킧펦믡펰쿬맜샭헟뛔닢솿횸뇪헦쪵쟩뺿쫇퓚쪵퇩쫒뮷뺳쿂뷸탐뗄,뛸쎻폐퓚헦쪵뗄싺틢뿶뗄에뛏,듓뛸뛔싺틢뛈닢솿뗄ힼ좷탔릹돉뛈닢솿뮷뺳쿂뷸탐쪵횤퇐뺿,쯹틔퓚놾퇐뺿훐컒쏇췾킲[1]ꆣ쳡돶틔쿂볙짨ꆣꆡꆡ뛔맢뮷킧펦죏쪶쫗쿈돶쿖퓚탄샭톧퇐뺿쇬폲ꆣꆡꆡ볙짨1:퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐,뿍맛듦퓚맢뮷1907쓪[16],Wells뗚튻듎쳡돶쇋맢뮷킧펦쿖쿳(떱쪱킧펦ꆣ놻돆캪퓎싖컳닮,HaloError),떫쯻늢쎻폐룸돶췪헻ꆡꆡ쯦ퟅ죋쏇뛔맢뮷킧펦퇐뺿뗄늻뛏짮죫,1990뗄쏨쫶ꆣ1920쓪,T[17]horndike퓚뷸탐죋솦풴쿮쓪,Fisicaro뫍L[28]ance퓚ퟜ뷡잰죋퇐뺿뗄믹뒡짏붫쒿뗄퇐뺿쪱랢쿖,짏벶뛔웤쿂쫴뗄뛠훖쳘헷뫜쓑튻맢뮷킧펦럖돉죽훖샠뇰:ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦튻ퟶ돶움볛,틲캪죧맻쿂쫴룸짏벶솼뫃뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳,(GeneralImpression,GI)ꆢ쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦(Sali2퓲짏벶췹췹믡룸룃쿂쫴뗄웤쯻벨킧횸뇪쿠뛔뷏룟뗄entDimension,SD)ꆢ럇돤럖쟸럖맢뮷킧펦(Inade2움볛ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵,놻움볛헟룸죋헻쳥펡쿳뗄뫃뮵,붫quateDiscrimination,ID)ꆣퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦횸뗄횱뷓펰쿬움볛헟뛔쯻웤쯻뻟쳥랽쏦뗄움볛ꆣThorn2쫇,퓚뷸탐움볛쪱,움볛헟뛔놻움볛헟뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳믡dike붫헢훖쿖쿳헽쪽돆횮캪맢뮷킧펦(HaloEffect)ꆣ쪹쯻뛔놻움볛헟뻟쳥쫴탔뗄움볛돶쿖욫닮[28]ꆣ훐ꆡꆡThorndike뗄퇐뺿뷡맻틽웰쇋죋쏇뛔맢뮷킧펦맺맅폯훐뗄ꆰ쟩죋퇛샯돶컷쪩ꆱ,뻍쫇튻훖뗤탍뗄ퟜ뗄맘힢ꆣ뫳살뗄톧헟쏇뾪쪼듓룷룶뷇뛈뛔맢뮷킧펦쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦ꆣ쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦횸뗄쫇,움볛뷸탐퇐뺿,평듋튲뻍돶쿖쇋맢뮷킧펦뗄룷훖뚨틥ꆣ헟쫜놻움볛헟쒳룶쿔훸쫴탔뗄펰쿬,믡쪹쯻뛔놻움B[18,19]orman죏캪,맢뮷킧펦쫇평폚움볛헟룼맘탄룷볛헟웤쯻쫴탔뗄움볛닺짺욫닮[28]ꆣꆰ낮컝벰컚ꆱ뿉룶닢솿쫴탔뗄헻쳥펡쿳믲ퟛ뫏뷡맻,뛸늻ퟐ쾸쟸럖틔쮵쫇쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦뗄킴헕ꆣ럇돤럖쟸럖맢뮷헢킩닢솿쫴탔뻟쳥쳘헷쯹떼훂뗄튻훖움볛욫닮ꆣ킧펦횸뗄쫇,평폚쒳킩움볛쫴탔횮볤뗄쓚몭쟸뇰늻D[20]ecotiis퓲죏캪,맢뮷킧펦쫇평폚움볛헟뗄컞쓜믲릻쏷쿔,떼훂움볛헟뛔헢킩쫴탔뗄움볛쿠뮥닺짺늻풸뮨웸솦뛔움볛뛔쿳늻춬쫴탔ퟶ돶움볛뛸닺짺뗄펰쿬[28]ꆣ늻춬쫴탔횮볤뗄움볛쒣뫽쿖쿳ꆣB[21]ernardin죏캪,ꆡꆡ평폚닢솿쿻럑헟싺틢뛈뗄쒿뗄쫇캪쇋룄뷸쿻럑맢뮷킧펦쫇붫늻춬캬뛈짏뗄놻움볛뇤솿럅퓚춬튻캬헟싺틢뛈,헢뻍튪쟳쯹톡퓱뗄움볛쫴탔횮볤뇘탫퓚뛈짏움볛뗄튻훖쟷쫆ꆣ뛸M[22]urphy죏캪,맢뮷킧닢솿쓚몭짏뻟폐쿔훸뗄쟸뇰,럱퓲쓑틔ퟶ돶룄뷸뻶펦쫇퓚움볛훐뎬맽쫴탔횮볤헦쪵쿠맘탔틔췢뗄뛠폠닟ꆣ틲듋,평폚퓚놾퇐뺿쯹닉폃뗄닢솿훐,컒쏇쇐뎵뗄쿠맘맘쾵ꆣ맘폚맢뮷킧펦뗄ퟮ탂뚨틥쫇평Mur2돋뿍싺틢뛈뗄움볛쫴탔횮볤춬퇹뻟폐쿔훸쟸뇰,틲[23]phy뫍Jako퓚1993쓪쳡돶뗄,쯻쏇죏캪,퓚움볛듋놾퇐뺿붫늻짦벰럇돤럖쟸럖맢뮷킧펦,뛸냑훘뗣훐돶쿖뗄맢뮷킧펦,쫇평폚컼쫕쇋늻춬쫴탔횮볤뗄럅떽ퟜ쳥펡쿳뫍쿔훸캬뛈솽훖맢뮷킧펦랽쏦,쳘뇰춬훊쓚몭,욽뮬쇋놻움볛뛔쿳뗄헻쳥싖삪,듓뛸쿷죵쫇튪훘뗣퇐뺿쯼쏇퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐뗄맦싉벰쇋늻춬쫴탔횮볤움볛닮틬뗄튻훖쟷쫆ꆣ컒맺톧헟튲펦폃ꆣ뛔맢뮷킧펦뷸탐쇋쿠맘퇐뺿,죧2002쓪샮럦ꆢ췵뛾ꆡꆡFisicaro뫍Lance쳡돶뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦샠욽뫍헅뢣쯉[24]닉폃뛠훊-뛠움볛헟돌탲쿔쪾쇋움탍쪵볊짏쫇믹폚Thorndike퓚1920쓪뛔맢뮷킧펦뗄볛헟뛔ퟣ쟲퓋뚯풱움볛훐뗄맢뮷킧펦ꆣퟜ쳥살뾴,쏨쫶ꆣT[17]horndike랢쿖,떱움볛헟움볛쒳룶죋쪱,
ꆡ526탄ꆡꆡ샭ꆡꆡ톧ꆡꆡ놨37뻭튻냣뷡싛믲쫇럇뎣뫃,믲쫇럇뎣닮,뛸쟒움볛헟뛔룃퓚튻룶쫴탔짏뗄움볛믡펰쿬쯻뛔룃룶쳥웤쯻쫴탔뗄죋뗄헢훖헻쳥룐뻵믡펰쿬쯻뛔룃죋떥쿮쫴탔뗄에움볛ꆣ[27]2000쓪Wirtz퓚싃폎듺샭럾컱뗄싺틢뛈뗄뛏ꆣNisbett폫W[29]ilson퓚1977쓪뷸튻늽횸돶,뛔뷇즫냧퇝쪵퇩퇐뺿훐랢쿖,맢뮷킧펦뗄잿뛈폫닺짺쒳룶죋뗄헻쳥움볛믡뛔쯻뗄룶쳥쫴탔뗄움볛닺짺펰맢뮷킧펦뗄쫴탔뗄훘튪돌뛈뻟폐헽쿠맘맘쾵ꆣ헢킩쿬ꆣ틲듋,Fisicaro뫍L[28]ance죏캪,떱닺짺ퟜ쳥펡퇐뺿뷡맻쮵쏷,Fisicaro뫍Lance럖샠돶뗄쿔훸캬뛈쿳샠탍맢뮷킧펦쪱,뛔쒳룶죋뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳붫뛔헢룶맢뮷킧펦뻍쫇횸퓚뛔죋뷸탐움볛쪱,훘튪탔뷏룟믲죋뗄웤쯻쫴탔닺짺쿔훸탔펰쿬ꆣ췆뛸맣횮,죧맻붫쿔훸쳘헷뷏듳뗄쫴탔뛔훘튪탔믲쿔훸쳘헷쿠뛔뷏뗍웳튵쳡릩뗄닺욷뫍럾컱뾴ퟷ쫇놻움볛헟,붫쿻럑헟뗄쫴탔닺짺뗄펰쿬ꆣ쯤좻Wirtz뷒쪾쇋싺틢뛈닢솿ퟷ캪움볛헟,쓇쎴퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐펦듦퓚폫훐,맢뮷킧펦잿뛈폫쫴탔훘튪돌뛈횮볤뗄맘쾵,떫쫇뛔죋움볛맽돌훐닺짺맢뮷킧펦뗄쿠쯆믺훆ꆣ틲듋컒쯻늢캴뻟쳥싛횤퓚싺틢뛈닢솿훐쫇럱듦퓚쿔훸캬뛈쏇쳡돶맢뮷킧펦ꆣ컒쏇쳡돶ꆡꆡ볙짨2a:퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐,듦퓚ퟜ쳥펡ꆡꆡ볙짨3a:퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐,뿍맛듦퓚쿔쿳맢뮷킧펦ꆣ훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦ꆣꆡꆡ쿻럑헟뛔닺욷믲럾컱뗄싺틢뛈쫇훰늽탎돉뗄ꆣꆡꆡ듋췢[36,37],Cooper죏캪,평폚쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦쿻럑헟듓ퟮ돵뛔웳튵ꆢ닺욷믲럾컱닺짺ퟜ쳥펡쿳,떽뗄탎돉쫇평폚움볛헟뛔놻움볛헟쿠뛔쿔훸캬뛈뗄움릺싲잰뗄웚췻,퓙떽릺싲뫳뛔룷룶뻟쳥쫴탔뗄쪵볊볛췌쎻믲얤쟺쇋웤쯻캬뛈뗄쳘헷,쯹틔뛔튻룶쿔훸룐쫜,퓙붫쪵볊룐쫜춬웚췻뷸탐뇈뷏,ퟮ뫳탎돉싺틢캬뛈뗄움볛믡펰쿬떽뛔웤쯻캬뛈뗄움볛ꆣ떫쫇,뛈ꆣ틲듋,죧맻랢짺ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦,헢훖킧펦뛔Cooper쎻폐뷸튻늽퇐뺿,웤쯻캬뛈뗄쿔훸탔돌뛈쫇쿻럑헟싺틢뛈뗄ퟮ훕펰쿬쫆뇘내헕싺틢뛈탎돉뗄맽럱뛔맢뮷킧펦뗄펰쿬돌뛈닺짺펰쿬,튲쎻폐퇐뺿쿔돌뷸탐뒫뗝ꆣ떫쫇,ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦죧뫎뷸탐뒫훸캬뛈뛔웤쯻늻춬쿔훸돌뛈캬뛈뗄펰쿬ힴ뿶ꆣ2000뗝,틔벰톡퓱쓄킩캬뛈뒫뗝,퓚톧쫵뷧짐컞쏷좷뗄퇐쓪W[27]irtz듓쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦뗄뷇뛈뛔듋룸돶쇋뺿뷡싛ꆣN[30]athan뫍LordꆢLance뗈[31]퓸듓죋샠죏뷢쫍,죏캪쫴탔풽훘튪,웤닺짺뗄맢뮷킧펦풽잿ꆣ떫횪탅쾢럖샠뗄뷇뛈뷢쫍쇋ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦뗄뒫뗝쫇,Wirtz튲쎻폐퇐뺿닺짺쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦뗄캬뛈믺샭,쯻쏇죏캪,움볛헟뎣뎣닉폃듓ퟜ쳥떽뻖늿뗄럖쫇죧뫎붫맢뮷킧펦쿲싺틢뛈뒫뗝뗄ꆣ캪쇋뛔듋ퟶ돶샠랽램살뒦샭놻움볛헟뗄쿠맘탅쾢ꆣFiske뫍Neu2뷢쫍,컒쏇쳡돶[32]berg튲죏캪,헢훖움볛랽램쫇죋샠짧믡탅쾢뒦샭ꆡꆡ볙짨3b:쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦뛔싺틢뛈뗄펰쿬,뗄놾훊쳘뗣ꆣ좻뛸,쯻쏇늢캴횸돶맢뮷킧펦뒫뗝뻟붫훷튪춨맽쓇킩뛔싺틢뛈횱뷓펰쿬뷏듳뗄캬뛈뷸탐쳥슷뺶ꆣ폐본폚듋,컒쏇듓뷡릹랽돌쒣탍닢솿싺틢뒫뗝ꆣ뛈뗄춨폃랽램돶랢,냑뷡릹랽돌쒣탍훐펰쿬싺틢뛈뗄잱뇤솿ퟷ캪펰쿬싺틢뛈뗄캬뛈2ꆡ퇐뺿튻:돋뿍싺틢뛈닢솿쫴탔뫍캬,늢쳡돶ꆡꆡ볙짨2b뛈뗄좷뚨:ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦뛔싺틢뛈뗄펰쿬훷튪쫇춨맽쓇킩뛔싺틢뛈횱뷓펰쿬뷏듳뗄쿔훸캬뛈뷸ꆡꆡ캪쇋볬퇩잰쏦뗄볙짨쫇럱헽좷돉솢,컒쏇짨볆탐뒫뗝ꆣ쇋튻쾵쇐퇐뺿랽낸ꆣ퇐뺿튻틔훐맺쳺슷뿍퓋럾컱ퟷꆡꆡ믹폚L[33]andy뫍SigallꆢKozlow[34]skiꆢRob2캪퇐뺿뛔쿳,틔돋뿍싺틢뛈뗷닩ퟷ캪퇐뺿쫖뛎ꆣ룃[35]bins뗄퇐뺿,Fisicaro뫍Lance쳡돶뗄쿔훸캬뛈뗄퇐뺿뗄쒿뗄쫇튪좷뚨펰쿬돋뿍싺틢뛈뗄룷훖틲쯘,맢뮷킧펦ꆣLandy뫍Sigall뗄맘폚죋풱벨킧움볛랽늢춨맽틲ퟓ럖컶붫헢킩틲쯘럖캪펰쿬싺틢뛈뗄늻춬쏦뗄퇐뺿횧돖쇋쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦뗄룅쓮,쯻쏇춨캬뛈,틔뇣캪퇐뺿뛾뫍퇐뺿죽뗄쒣탍릹붨쳡릩닢솿맽룄뇤튻룶볙쿫얮탔ퟷ볒뗄쳥쎲컼틽쳘헷(쿔훸캬뇤솿뫍캬뛈ꆣ뛈),살닢솿쓐탔움볛헟뛔룃볙쿫얮탔ퟷ볒웤쯻쫴ꆡ퇐뺿짨볆폫퇐뺿맽돌탔뗄움볛,죧릤ퟷ벨킧(럇쿔훸캬뛈),퇐뺿뷡맻뇭ꆡꆡ퓚퇐뺿튻훐럖뇰톡좡쇋솽샠쫔퇩뛔쿳,뗚튻샠쏷,헢훖쳥쎲쳘헷뗄룄뇤쓜춬쪱펰쿬쓐탔움볛헟뛔쫔퇩뛔쿳캪폐쇐뎵돋ퟸ뺭샺뗄쟒퓚쟥뮪듳톧뻍뛁뗄쯽쳥쎲쳘헷뫍릤ퟷ벨킧뗄움볛ꆣKozlowski뗄퇐뺿100쏻놾뿆짺뫍50쏻MBA퇐뺿짺,뗚뛾샠쪵퇩뛔튲횤쪵쇋뛔튻룶믲뛠룶쿔훸캬뛈뗄움볛믡펰쿬뛔웤쿳캪퓚맺쓚쒳쳋쇐뎵짏쯦믺톡퓱뗄300쏻헦쪵쯻캬뛈뗄움볛ꆣRobbins튲랢쿖:움볛헟뛔튻룶룶쳥돋뿍ꆣ
ꆡ4웚슽웦뇳뗈:쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐뗄맢뮷킧펦ꆡ527뇭1ꆡ돋뿍싺틢뛈첽쯷탔틲ퟓ럖컶뷡맻(N=231)틲ꆡퟓ횸ꆡ뇪ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿죋풱럾컱훊솿짌욷훊솿맣능럾컱훊솿쾴솳쮮릩펦쾴솳볤짨놸닞쯹뾪쮮랿짨놸뿕웸뎵쓚컀짺뾪쮮릩펦ퟹ쳗뗈ힴ뿶컂뛈럾컱폃폯튪쟳듰뢴럾컱첬뛈럾컱벰쪱틬틩뒦샭랹닋볛룱킡짌욷볛룱랹닋훊솿킡짌욷쫛믵듎쫽맣능쓚죝맣능쪱듎쳘헷횵(럇탽횵)뿉뷢쫍뗄랽닮솿(%)샛믽뿉뷢쫍뗄랽닮솿(%)ꆡ힢:1.쳡좡틲ퟓ랽램캪PrincipalComponentAnalysis;ꆡꆡꆡ2.탽랽램캪VarimaxwithKaiserNormalizationꆡꆡ퓚퇐뺿튻훐,컒쏇쫗쿈닉폃뾪럅쪽컊뻭뗷닩랽KMO횵캪,냍쳘샻쳘쟲쳥볬퇩(Bartlett’sTest램,쟫150쏻쟥뮪듳톧톧짺돤럖뇭듯쯻쏇퓚돋ퟸ쇐ofSphericity)뗄뷡맻캪22331454,쿔훸탔쮮욽캪뎵쪱쯹훘쫓뗄틲쯘,ퟮ훕붫톧짺쏇쳡돶뗄틲쯘럖샠01000,쮵쏷뿉틔폃틲ퟓ럖컶랽램살쳡좡돶펰쿬돋뿍헻샭돉20룶펰쿬돋뿍싺틢뛈뗄뇤솿,쯼쏇럖뇰쫇뎵싺틢뛈뗄죴룉캬뛈ꆣ듋뫳,컒쏇퓋폃훷돉럝럖컶뫍쓚뿕웸ꆢ뎵쓚컂뛈ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸ꆢ쾴솳쮮릩펦ꆢ닞쯹짨랽닮ퟮ듳(Varimax)헽붻탽램,늢닉폃쳘헷횵(Ei2놸ꆢ뾪쮮랿짨놸ꆢ뎵쓚컀짺ꆢퟹ쳗/첨늼/뒰솱/헭춷/genvalue)듳폚1,틲쯘뢺뫉늻뗍폚뗄뇪ힼ돩좡놻죬뗈ힴ뿶ꆢ뾪쮮릩펦ꆢ맣능듎쫽벰쪱볤ꆢ맣능쓚죝ꆢ돶쇋쯄룶펰쿬싺틢뛈뗄캬뛈(쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿ꆢ죋풱랹닋훊솿ꆢ랹닋볛룱ꆢ킡짌욷쫛믵듎쫽ꆢ킡짌욷볛룱ꆢ럾컱훊솿ꆢ짌욷훊솿뫍맣능럾컱훊솿),웤뷡맻죧뇭돋컱죋풱럾컱첬뛈ꆢ돋컱죋풱럾컱벰쪱탔ꆢ돋컱죋풱1쯹쪾ꆣ20룶뇤솿퓚쯄룶캬뛈짏뗄뿋슡냍뫕튻훂탔뛔돋뿍튪쟳뗄듰뢴ꆢ돋컱죋풱퓚돋뿍랢짺틬틩쪱뗄쾵쫽(Cronbachꛁ)럖뇰캪,,뫍,뒦샭랽쪽ꆢ돋컱죋풱뗄럾컱폃폯ꆣ쮵쏷닢솿솿뇭뻟폐솼뫃뗄탅뛈ꆣꆡꆡ좻뫳,쯦믺톡퓱쇋맺쓚쒳쳋쇐뎵,늢퓚룃쳋쇐뎵짏쯦믺톡좡쇋3ꆡ퇐뺿뛾:맢뮷킧펦횤쪵ꆢퟜ쳥펡쿳맢300쏻돋뿍ퟷ캪뗷닩뛔쿳,닉폃컊뻭뗷닩뗄랽램뮷킧펦벰웤뒫뗝슷뺶,쟫돋뿍뻍20룶틲쯘내헕Likert솿뇭뷸탐쪵볊움볛,1럖ퟮ뗍,7럖ퟮ룟;퓚컊뻭훐뮹쟫돋뿍ꆡꆡ퇐뺿뛾뗄쒿뗄쫇캪쇋퇩횤볙짨1ꆢ볙짨2a뫍볙횸돶컊뻭훐뿉쓜쎻폐뾼싇떽뗄떫펰쿬쯻쏇싺틢뛈뗄짨2bꆣ틲듋,퓚퇐뺿뛾훐돽쇋튪뗷닩퇐뺿튻훐쯹쳡웤쯻틲쯘ꆣퟮ훕컒쏇믱뗃231럝폐킧컊뻭ꆣ좡뗄20룶틲쯘췢,뮹탨튪볓죫ퟜ쳥펡쿳뫍싺틢뛈솽ꆡ퇐뺿뷡맻룶뇤솿,릲볆22쿮ꆣ춨맽뗷닩믱뗃풭쪼쫽뻝뫳,펦ꆡꆡ컒쏇쪹폃죭볾뛔살ퟔ231폃쿠맘럖컶살볬퇩볙짨1,닉폃뷡릹랽돌쒣탍살퇩쏻놻쫔뗄풭쪼쫽뻝뷸탐첽쯷탔틲ퟓ럖컶,춨맽볆쯣,횤볙짨2a뫍2bꆣ
ꆡ528탄ꆡꆡ샭ꆡꆡ톧ꆡꆡ놨37뻭ꆡ퇐뺿랽램뫍퇐뺿맽돌틔췹쯹탎돉뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳ꆣꆡꆡ컒쏇퓙듎쯦믺톡퓱쇋맺쓚튻쳋쇐뎵뗄돋뿍ퟷ캪ꆡꆡ퇐뺿뛾릲랢럅컊뻭300럝,쫕믘232럝,쳞돽컞퇐뺿뛔쿳,닉폃컊뻭뗷닩뗄랽램,쟫돋뿍뻍22룶틲킧컊뻭,ퟮ뫳뗃떽폐킧컊뻭213럝ꆣ듓폐킧컊뻭훐쯘뛔돋ퟸ룃듎쇐뎵싺틢뛈ퟶ돶움볛ꆣ컊뻭죔닉폃7춳볆,쓐탔돋뿍118캻,얮탔돋뿍95캻;18쯪틔쿂벶Likert솿뇭,1럖ퟮ뗍,7럖ퟮ룟ꆣ뗷닩죋풱내헕돋뿍13캻,18쯪떽50쯪돋뿍194캻,50쯪틔짏돋뛔ퟜ쳥펡쿳뗄뗷닩뿘훆랽쪽뛔돋뿍뷸탐컊뻭뗷닩,뿍6캻ꆣ쫗쿈쿲돋뿍뷩짜컊뻭뗄뗷닩쓚죝,좻뫳랢럅뗷닩컊ꆡ쫽뻝럖컶뫍뷡맻뻭,돋뿍쳮킴췪돉뫳,뗷닩죋풱쿲돋뿍퓹쯍킡샱욷,ꆡꆡ룹뻝M[23]urphy퓚1989쓪뛔맢뮷킧펦뗄뚨늢쫕믘컊뻭ꆣ틥ꆪꆪꆪ쯼쫇뎬맽쫴탔횮볤헦쪵쿠맘탔틔췢뗄뛠폠뗄ꆡꆡ캪쇋뇜쏢믬쿽돋뿍ퟜ쳥펡쿳뫍웤쯻훊솿캬뛈횮쿠맘맘쾵ꆣ쓇쎴,죧맻쓜릻좷뚨쫴탔횮볤뗄헦쪵쿠볤뗄틲맻맘쾵,벴캪쇋놣횤돋뿍뛔룃듎쇐뎵ퟜ쳥펡맘맘쾵,퓙볬퇩쫇럱듦퓚뛠폠뗄쿠맘맘쾵,컒쏇뻍쓜쿳뗄탎돉랢짺퓚뛔룃듎쇐뎵뗄웤쯻캬뛈뗄죏횪횮릻퇩횤쫴탔횮볤쫇럱듦퓚맢뮷킧펦ꆣWirtz뫍Bate2잰[1],컒쏇ퟶ쇋틔쿂뿘훆:(1)ퟜ쳥펡쿳뗷닩컊쳢쓚죝son퓚1995쓪춨맽쫔퇩뗄랽램,붫쒳킩쫴탔뿘훆짨볆ꆣ퓚컊뻭짨볆쪱,붫돋뿍뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳짨볆돉닢돉뎣솿,좻뫳럖컶웤쯻쫴탔폫헢킩뎣솿쫴탔횮볤뗄솿돋뿍틔잰뛸늻쫇떱쪱뛔룃듎쇐뎵쯹탎돉뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿠맘맘쾵,죧맻웤쯻쫴탔폫뎣솿쫴탔돊쿖쿔훸탔쿠쿳,뻟쳥컊쳢캪ꆰ쓺틔잰뛔룃듎쇐뎵뗄펡쿳퓵쎴맘맘쾵,뻍쮵쏷듦퓚맢뮷킧펦ꆣ퇐뺿뛾뷨본헢솽캻퇹?ꆱ;(2)ퟜ쳥펡쿳컊쳢뗷닩쮳탲짨볆ꆣ퓚컊쳢뗷톧헟짨볆뗄랽램뛔맢뮷킧펦뷸탐에뇰ꆣ평폚쇐뎵뮷닩쮳탲뗄뇠엉짏,컒쏇붫룃컊쳢짨볆돉컊뻭훐뗄뗚뺳훊솿훐뗄뎵쓚뿕웸ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸뗈틲쯘퓚뛌쪱볤튻룶컊쳢,헢퇹돋뿍퓚뷓쫜뗷닩쪱,붫쫗쿈듓볇틤훐쓚늻쫜웤쯻틲쯘뗄펰쿬,뻟폐뿍맛듦퓚뗄뛀솢늻뇤쳡좡뛔룃듎뎵뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳,좻뫳닅쫇뷓쫜뗷닩쪱뛔뗄훊솿쫴탔,쯹틔컒쏇붫헢킩쫴탔ퟷ캪뎣솿쫴탔ꆣ룃듎뎵뗄웤쯻쫴탔뗄룐횪ꆣ헢훖틽떼돋뿍믘틤쒳룶샽죧,돋컱죋풱럾컱첬뛈뗄쳡룟뛔쾴솳볤짨놸뗄훊쫴탔뗄닢솿랽쪽,퓚맋뿍싺틢뛈닢솿훐놻웕뇩펦폃,솿늻믡닺짺죎뫎펰쿬,벴늻펦룃폐쿔훸탔쿠맘맘쾵ꆣ죧죰뗤ꆢ쏀맺뫍얷훞폃뮧싺틢횸쫽쒣탍훐뗄풤웚훊ꆡꆡ퓚퇐뺿뛾훐,톡좡쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿훐뗄5룶뇤솿솿캬뛈뗄닢솿뻍쫇닉폃헢훖틽떼믘틤뗄랽쪽뷸탐닢ퟷ캪뎣솿쫴탔,벴뎵쓚뿕웸ꆢ뎵쓚컂뛈ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸ꆢ솿닙ퟷ뗄[38ꆫ40];(3)뗷닩맽돌훐뗄뿘훆ꆣ캪쇋뺡뿉닞쯹짨놸ꆢ뾪쮮랿짨놸ꆣ춬쪱톡퓱죋풱럾컱훊솿훐쓜복짙웤쯻틲쯘뛔돋뿍틔췹ퟜ쳥펡쿳닢솿뗄룉죅,뗄5룶뇤솿ퟷ캪럇뎣솿쫴탔,벴돋컱죋풱럾컱첬뛈ꆢ퓚뻟쳥뗷닩쪱,컒쏇닉폃쇋듓웰뗣짏뎵뫳뛔틑뻍ퟹ돋컱죋풱럾컱벰쪱탔ꆢ돋컱죋풱뛔돋뿍튪쟳듰뢴쟩뗄돋뿍랢럅컊뻭늢쟫웤쳮킴뗚튻룶컊쳢(닢솿틔췹뿶ꆢ돋컱죋풱뗄틬틩뒦샭쟩뿶ꆢ돋컱죋풱뗄럾컱폃뛔룃듎쇐뎵뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳),늢쟫웤퓚쇐뎵뾪뚯뫳쳮폯ꆣ늢붫헢10룶틲쯘뗄쫽뻝뷸탐쿠맘럖컶ꆣ죧맻킴웤쯻컊쳢뗄뗷닩듎탲,헢퇹컒쏇퓚돋뿍캴탎돉뛔헢솽샠늻춬탔훊뗄뇤솿횮볤듦퓚쿔훸탔쿠맘맘쾵,룃듎뎵뻟쳥쫴탔뗄룐횪잰,쳡좡쇋돋뿍뛔룃듎쇐뎵뻍쮵쏷듦퓚맢뮷킧펦(럖컶뷡맻볻뇭2)ꆣ뇭2ꆡ돋뿍뛔쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿쫴탔뫍돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿쫴탔움볛뷡맻뗄쿠맘맘쾵(N=213)횸뇪123456789101뎵쓚뿕웸12뎵쓚컂뛈쾴솳짨놸닞쯹짨놸뾪쮮짨놸럾컱첬뛈럾컱벰쪱튪쟳듰뢴틬틩뒦샭럾컱폃폯ꆡ힢:3p<,33p<(2-tailed)
ꆡ4웚슽웦뇳뗈:쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐뗄맢뮷킧펦ꆡ529ꆡꆡ평뇭2뗄쫽뻝뿉틔뾴돶,돽틬틩뒦샭췢,죋풱럾쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦ꆣ캪쇋퇩횤룃볙짨,룹뻝틲ퟓ럖컶컱훊솿훐뗄럾컱첬뛈ꆢ럾컱벰쪱탔ꆢ튪쟳듰뢴뫍럾컱뷡맻(볻뇭1),내헕돋뿍뛔쇐뎵뿍퓋럾컱뗄죏횪맽폃폯춬쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿훐뗄뎵쓚뿕웸ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸ꆢ닞돌,릹붨쇋평6룶잱뇤솿릹돉뗄쇐뎵돋뿍싺틢뛈뷡쯹짨놸뫍뾪쮮랿짨놸횮볤듦퓚쿔훸탔쿠맘맘쾵(듓릹랽돌쒣탍,6룶잱뇤솿럖뇰쫇ퟜ쳥펡쿳ꆢ쇐뎵뮷뺳r=,p=,떽r=,p=);틬틩뒦훊솿ꆢ맣능럾컱훊솿ꆢ짌욷훊솿ꆢ돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿샭튲뫍뎵쓚컂뛈ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸횮볤듦퓚쿔훸탔쿠맘뫍싺틢뛈ꆣ내헕잰컄뛔ퟜ쳥펡쿳뗄뿘훆,붫ퟜ쳥펡맘쾵(r=,p=,)ꆣ헢킩뷡맻쮵쏷,퓚돋뿍쿳ퟷ캪웤쯻캬뛈뗄풭틲잱뇤솿,퓙붫쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿ꆢ움볛쪱,ퟷ캪뎣솿쫴탔뗄뎵쓚뿕웸ꆢ뎵쓚컂뛈ꆢ쾴솳맣능럾컱훊솿ꆢ짌욷훊솿ꆢ돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿ퟷ캪싺볤짨놸뗈쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿뇤솿뫍럾컱첬뛈ꆢ럾컱벰쪱틢뛈뗄풭틲잱뇤솿ꆣ릹돉뗄뷡릹랽돌쒣탍죧춼1쯹탔뗈죋풱럾컱훊솿뇤솿횮볤뇭쿖돶쇋쿔훸탔쿠맘맘쪾,늢돆캪풭쒣탍ꆣ죧맻볙짨2a돉솢,쓇쎴풭쒣탍쾵,벴듦퓚뎬맽쫴탔횮볤헦쪵쿠맘탔뗄뛠폠뗄쿠맘훐뗄ퟜ쳥펡쿳붫뛔쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿ꆢ맣능럾컱훊솿ꆢ짌맘쾵ꆣ헢킩랢쿖횧돖쇋볙짨1,벴퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈욷훊솿ꆢ돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿뫍싺틢뛈훐훁짙튻룶잱닢솿훐뿍맛듦퓚맢뮷킧펦ꆣ뇤솿닺짺쿔훸펰쿬ꆣꆡꆡ볙짨2a쳡돶,쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿맽돌훐듦퓚ퟜꆡꆡ캪쇋퇩횤ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦쫇럱듦퓚,컒쏇닉훊솿뗄펰쿬퓚춳볆쮮욽짏쿔훸,틲듋ퟜ쳥펡쿳폃죭볾뛔풭쒣탍뷸탐럖맢뮷킧펦붫훷튪펰쿬쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿뫍돋컱죋풱럾컱컶ꆣ럖컶뷡맻쿔쪾(볻뇭3풭쒣탍늿럖),ퟜ쳥펡쿳훊솿솽룶캬뛈;춬쪱,컒쏇랢쿖쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿뫍돋컱뛔맣능럾컱ꆢ짌욷훊솿컞쿔훸탔펰쿬,떫뛔쇐뎵뮷뺳죋풱럾컱훊솿튲쫇뛔싺틢뛈뗄횱뷓펰쿬ퟮ듳뗄솽룶훊솿뫍돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿뻹닺짺쿔훸탔펰쿬ꆣ룃뷡캬뛈ꆣ헢킩랢쿖쮵쏷,뛔싺틢뛈횱뷓펰쿬뷏듳뗄캬맻쮵쏷,ퟜ쳥펡쿳좷쪵쓜릻뛔웤쯻캬뛈닺짺쿔훸탔뛈,쫜떽ퟜ쳥펡쿳뗄펰쿬튲뷏듳ꆣ뻝듋뿉틔죏캪,ퟜ펰쿬ꆣ틲듋,볙짨2a뗃떽횧돖,벴퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦,붫톡퓱쓇킩뛔싺틢뛈횱뷓펰쿬뷏닢솿훐,좷쪵듦퓚ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦ꆣ듳뗄캬뛈쿲싺틢뛈뷸탐뒫뗝,볙짨2b뗃떽횧돖ꆣꆡꆡ볙짨2b쳡돶,ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦뛔싺틢뛈뗄펰ꆡꆡLISREL뗄MI횸뇪횸쪾풭쒣탍뗄쓢뫏뛈뿉틔뷸쿬훷튪춨맽쓇킩뛔싺틢뛈횱뷓펰쿬뷏듳뗄캬뛈뷸탐튻늽쳡룟,돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿붫뛔쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿ꆢ맣뒫뗝ꆣ평뇭3풭쒣탍늿럖컒쏇뿉틔뾴돶,ퟜ쳥펡쿳능럾컱훊솿ꆢ짌욷훊솿죽룶캬뛈뚼폐횱뷓펰쿬ꆣ틲뛔쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿ꆢ돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿ꆢ맣능럾컱뫍짌듋,컒쏇뛔풭쒣탍뷸탐탞헽,뗃떽탞헽뗄쒣탍볻춼욷훊솿뗄횱뷓펰쿬평듳떽킡틀듎캪ꆢꆢ2ꆣ뇭3룸돶쇋탞헽쒣탍뗄볆쯣뷡맻ꆣ탞헽뫳쒣탍0117뫍,늢쟒뛔쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿뫍돋컱죋풱럾컱뗄쓢뫏뛈쳡룟,RMSEA듓쿂붵떽,RMSR
ꆡ530탄ꆡꆡ샭ꆡꆡ톧ꆡꆡ놨37뻭듓쿂붵떽0107,GFIꆢAGFIꆢNNFI(TLI)뫍CFI퓶볓떽0180ꆢ0175ꆢ0180뫍0185ꆣ탞헽뫳뗄쒣탍뻟횸뇪뻹뗃떽쳡룟,럖뇰듓0174ꆢ0167ꆢ0174뫍0177폐뷏뫃뗄쓢뫏뛈ꆣ뇭3ꆡ뷡릹랽돌쒣탍훐잱뇤솿횮볤뗄펰쿬쿠쇚잱뇤솿펰쿬123456풭쒣탍1ퟜ쳥펡쿳(ꛃ1ꆢꛃ2ꆢꛃ3ꆢꛃ4ꆢꛃ5)쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿(ꛂ1)맣능럾컱훊솿(ꛂ2)짌욷훊솿(ꛂ3)돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿(ꛂ4)돋뿍싺틢뛈------탞헽쒣탍1ퟜ쳥펡쿳(ꛃ1ꆢꛃ2ꆢꛃ3ꆢꛃ4ꆢꛃ5)쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿(ꛂ1)맣능럾컱훊솿(ꛂ2)짌욷훊솿(ꛂ3)돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿(ꛂ4ꆢꛂ5ꆢꛂ6ꆢꛂ7)돋뿍싺틢뛈------쓢뫏횸쫽ꛖ2dfꛖ2/dfRMSEARMSRGFIAGFINNFI(TLI)CFI풭쒣탍탞헽쒣탍ꆡ힢:3p<ꆡꆡ춬풭쒣탍튻퇹,ퟜ쳥펡쿳뛔돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿쿂,돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿뗄쳡룟,늻펦룃뛔헢킩뇤솿닺뗄펰쿬뻟폐춳볆쿔훸탔;ퟜ쳥펡쿳뛔싺틢뛈뗄펰쿬짺쿔훸탔펰쿬ꆣ떫탞헽쒣탍낵쪾,돋컱죋풱럾컱훊늻뻟춳볆쿔훸탔,뛸쫇춨맽쿔훸캬뛈살펰쿬싺틢뛈ꆣ솿캬뛈뛔헢킩뇤솿뿉쓜닺짺쿔훸탔펰쿬,벴폐뿉쓜퓚탞헽쒣탍훐,ퟜ쳥펡쿳펰쿬돋컱죋풱뗄럾컱훊솿;닺짺쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦ꆣ뫳헟폖펰쿬쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿ꆢ짌욷훊솿뫍싺틢뛈;쇐뎵ꆡꆡ퓚퇐뺿죽훐,컒쏇춨맽톡퓱돋ퟸ춬튻뷚펲ퟹ뎵뮷뺳훊솿튲펰쿬싺틢뛈ꆣ헢킩랢쿖쮵쏷,탞헽뫳뗄쿡뗄돋뿍ퟷ캪퇐뺿뛔쿳뗄랽쪽,틔듯떽뿘훆뎵쓚뿕쒣탍춬퇹횧돖볙짨2a뫍볙짨2bꆣ웸ꆢ뎵쓚컂뛈ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸ꆢ닞쯹짨놸ꆢ뾪쮮랿짨놸뗈뎣솿탔훊뇤솿훊솿쮮욽늻뇤뗄쒿뗄,듓뛸뇈뷏퇐뺿4ꆡ퇐뺿죽:쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦벰웤뒫뗝슷뺶럾컱훊솿뗄룄뇤쫇럱쪹돋뿍뛔뎣솿탔훊뇤솿뗄움볛닺짺뇤뮯ꆣꆡꆡ퇐뺿죽뗄쒿뗄쫇퓚퇐뺿뛾뗄믹뒡짏,춨맽뛔뇈ꆡꆡ캪쇋좷죏춬튻쇐뎵펲ퟹ뎵쿡돋뿍쯹움볛뗄뎵쓚쪵퇩,횤쪵퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐듦퓚쿔훸캬뛈맢뿕웸ꆢ뎵쓚컂뛈ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸ꆢ닞쯹짨놸ꆢ뾪쮮랿짨놸뮷킧펦,늢첽쯷쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦뛔싺틢뛈뗄펰쿬뗈뎣솿탔훊뇤솿쫇럱뻟폐춬퇹뗄훊솿쮮욽,컒쏇퓚춾뺶ꆣ풤퇐뺿훐쯦믺톡좡쇋맺쓚벸쇐쇐뎵뗄펲ퟹ돋뿍ퟷ캪ꆡꆡ퓚퇐뺿뛾뗄탞헽쒣탍훐,돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿뛔퇐뺿뛔쿳,닉폃럖닣쿟탔쒣탍(HierarchicalLineal쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿ꆢ짌욷훊솿솽룶캬뛈뗄횱뷓펰쿬뻹퓚Model)뛔뇈쇋퓚헽뎣럾컱ힴ첬쿂,늻춬뎵쿡ꆢ늻춬춳볆쮮욽짏쿔훸;춬쪱퓚풭쒣탍훐,돋컱죋풱뎵듎돋ퟸ펲ퟹ돋뿍뛔헢킩뎣솿탔훊뇤솿뗄움볛,랢럾컱훊솿쫇뛔싺틢뛈폐ퟮ듳뗄횱뷓펰쿬,뛸쟒MI쿖춬튻뎵듎늻춬뎵쿡뗄돋뿍뛔짏쫶뇤솿뗄움볛늻듦횸쪾,돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿튲횱뷓펰쿬웤쯻캬뛈ꆣ헢퓚쿔훸닮틬,뛸퓚늻춬뎵듎횮볤뻟폐쿔훸닮틬ꆣ헢킩뷡맻쮵쏷,뛔싺틢뛈횱뷓펰쿬풽듳뗄캬뛈,풽폐뿉뫍컒맺쳺슷뿍퓋럾컱뗄쿖쪵ힴ뿶쫇쿠컇뫏뗄,춬튻쓜뛔웤쯻캬뛈닺짺횱뷓펰쿬ꆣ횵뗃힢틢뗄쫇,쫜돋뎵듎뗄늻춬펲ퟹ뎵쿡쯹쳡릩뗄헢킩짨놸믲뮷뺳뻟폐컱죋풱럾컱훊솿펰쿬뗄쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿캬뛈훐냼삨쇋춬훊탔,뛸퓚늻춬뎵듎뗄펲ퟹ뎵쿡횮볤듦퓚쿔훸탔뎵쓚뿕웸ꆢ뎵쓚컂뛈ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸ꆢ닞쯹짨놸ꆢ뾪쮮랿닮틬ꆣ틲듋컒쏇죏캪,횻튪톡퓱춬튻뎵듎뗄펲ퟹ뎵짨놸뗈뎣솿탔훊뗄뇤솿,퓚늻듦퓚맢뮷킧펦뗄쟩뿶쿡뗄돋뿍,벴쪹쫇늻춬뎵쿡뗄돋뿍ퟷ캪퇐뺿뛔쿳,튲
ꆡ4웚슽웦뇳뗈:쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐뗄맢뮷킧펦ꆡ531쓜놣횤헢킩뎣솿탔훊뗄뇤솿퓚늻춬럾컱쮮욽쿂쫇뿍쫽뻝뗄뻹횵뷸탐뇈뷏,살에뚨쯼쏇횮볤쫇럱듦퓚쿔맛늻뇤뗄ꆣ캪쇋뺡뿉쓜복짙웤쯻뿉쓜뗄룉죅틲쯘,훸탔닮틬ꆣ뇈뷏뷡맻죧뇭4쯹쪾ꆣ컒쏇퓚쪵볊뗷닩쪱,붫뗷닩뛔쿳쿞뚨캪춬튻뎵듎뗄ꆡꆡ평뇭4쫽뻝뿉횪,Bퟩ돋뿍뛔뎵쓚뿕웸ꆢ뎵쓚컂춬튻펲ퟹ뎵쿡뗄돋뿍ꆣ뛈ꆢ쾴솳볤짨놸ꆢ뾪쮮랿짨놸ꆢ닞쯹짨놸뫍킡짌욷볛ꆡ퇐뺿뛔쿳뫍맽돌룱헢킩뎣솿탔훊뇤솿뗄움볛뚼뇈Aퟩ돋뿍뗄움볛ꆡꆡ캪쇋쓜릻쟸럖돋컱죋풱늻춬쮮욽뗄럾컱훊솿,튪쿔훸탔쳡룟(pꇜ)ꆣ헢쮵쏷돋뿍퓚룐쫜떽돋늢퓚돋컱죋풱늻춬럾컱훊솿쮮욽쿂맛달럾컱훊솿뗄컱풱럾컱훊솿쳡룟뗄쳵볾쿂,뛔뎣솿탔훊뇤솿뗄움쿠맘뇤솿뛔웤쯻훊솿캬뛈쿠맘뇤솿뗄펰쿬,퇐뺿죽볛튲믡쿠펦쳡룟,벴돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿캬뛈뛔뮷뺳샻폃쇋훐맺쳺슷뿍퓋럾컱맜샭뗄쳘쫢탔뷸탐쇋짨훊솿뫍짌욷훊솿헢솽룶몬폐뎣솿탔훊뇤솿뗄캬뛈닺볆ꆣ헢훖쳘쫢탔퓚폚,쳺뗀늿캪쇋쳡룟쳺슷뿍퓋뗄짺쇋쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦,볙짨3a뗃떽횧돖ꆣ럾컱훊솿,늻뚨웚엉뗷닩죋풱틔돋뿍뗄짭럝볬닩쇐ꆡꆡ듋췢,퇐뺿뛾뗄탞헽쒣탍뗄럖컶뷡맻쿔쪾,돋컱뎵뗄럾컱훊솿,돋컱죋풱죧맻달뻵퓚쇐뎵짏폐볬닩죋풱럾컱훊솿뛔쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿뫍짌욷훊솿뻟폐뷏듳죋풱,뻍믡솢벴쳡룟럾컱훊솿ꆣ폐본폚듋,컒쏇퓚헷뗄쿔훸펰쿬,럖뇰캪뫍,뛸뛔맣능럾컱훊뗃쳺뗀늿춬틢뗄쟩뿶쿂,쯦믺톡좡쇋맺쓚쒳듎쇐뎵,솿펰쿬뷏킡쟒늻쿔훸,횻폐;춬쪱,쇐뎵뮷뺳훊늢붫룃듎쇐뎵뗄쒳튻뷚펲ퟹ뎵쿡뗄돋뿍ퟷ캪퇐뺿뛔솿뫍짌욷훊솿뛔싺틢뛈뗄횱뷓펰쿬튲뻟폐뷏듳뗄쿔쿳,엉솽쏻쟥뮪듳톧톧짺틔쳺뗀늿뗷닩풱뗄짭럝퓚훸펰쿬,캪뫍,뛸맣능럾컱훊솿뛔싺틢뛈룃듎쇐뎵짏뷸탐컊뻭뗷닩,뗷닩컊뻭쓚죝뫍퇐뺿뛾뗄횱뷓펰쿬늻쿔훸,쟒횱뷓펰쿬캪ꆣ틲듋쮵쿠춬ꆣ솽쏻톧짺듓룃듎쇐뎵뗄웰뗣햾짏뎵뫳,퓚돋쏷,쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦,붫훷튪춨맽웤쯻뛔싺틢뛈횱컱죋풱캴달뻵뗄쟩뿶쿂랢럅뫍쫕믘컊뻭,틔좷놣돋뷓펰쿬뷏듳뗄캬뛈쿲싺틢뛈뒫뗝,볙짨3b뗃떽컱죋풱럾컱훊솿뒦폚헽뎣ힴ첬ꆣ놻뗷닩뗄헢늿럖돋횧돖ꆣ뿍돆캪ꆰ헽뎣럾컱ퟩꆱ,늢뇪볇캪Aퟩꆣ떱돋컱죋풱랢쿖뎵쿡쓚폐죋뷸탐뗷닩뫳5ꆡ퇐뺿쳖싛뫍뷡싛,붫믡솢벴룦쯟쇐뎵뎤,쇐뎵뎤십짏춨횪좫쳥돋컱죋풱쳡룟럾컱훊솿,뛸돋ꆡꆡ놾퇐뺿랢쿖,퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈뗄쪵볊닢솿훐좷뿍뛔듋좴튻컞쯹횪ꆣ뗷닩죋풱듋뫳랢럅뫍믘쫕컊쪵듦퓚맢뮷킧펦;늻뷶듦퓚ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦,뛸쟒뻭,쫇돋뿍퓚돋컱죋풱쳡룟럾컱훊솿뫳쳮킴뗄,쯹뗷듦퓚쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦ꆣ헢킩랢쿖뗄샭싛틢틥퓚닩뗄헢늿럖돋뿍놻돆캪ꆰ룄뷸럾컱ퟩꆱ,늢뇪볇캪폚,뷸튻늽횤쪵쇋맢뮷킧펦쫇죋쏇죏횪맽돌훐듦퓚Bퟩꆣ뗄튻훖뿍맛맦싉,뛔죋뗄움볛쫇죧듋,뛔닺욷믲럾컱ꆡꆡ컒쏇쿲AꆢB솽ퟩ돋뿍럖뇰랢럅쇋100럝컊뻭,싺틢뛈뗄움볛튲쫇죧듋ꆣAퟩ돋뿍쫕믘96럝컊뻭,Bퟩ돋뿍쫕믘94럝,쳞돽ꆡꆡ놾퇐뺿뮹랢쿖,퓚쿻럑헟싺틢뛈닢솿훐,컞싛쫇컞킧컊뻭뫳,듓Aퟩ믱뗃폐킧컊뻭84럝,듓Bퟩ믱ퟜ쳥펡쿳맢뮷킧펦뮹쫇쿔훸캬뛈맢뮷킧펦,뚼쫇춨뗃폐킧컊뻭86럝ꆣ듓Aퟩ폐킧컊뻭훐춳볆,쓐탔맽쓇킩뛔싺틢뛈횱뷓펰쿬뗄쿠뛔뷏듳캬뛈뫍틲쯘ퟩ돋뿍51캻,얮탔돋뿍33캻;18쯪틔쿂돋뿍1캻,18돉뗄슷뺶뒫뗝뗄ꆣ쯼쏇뗄샭싛틢틥퓚폚,컒쏇쓜릻쯪떽50쯪돋뿍77캻,50쯪틔짏돋뿍6캻ꆣ듓Bퟩ룼쟥돾뗘샭뷢맢뮷킧펦뗄닺짺뫍뒫뗝믺샭,냑맢뮷폐킧컊뻭훐춳볆,쓐탔돋뿍48캻,얮탔돋뿍28캻;킧펦뗄샭싛퇐뺿쿲잰췆뷸쇋튻늽ꆣ18쯪틔쿂돋뿍2캻,18쯪떽50쯪돋뿍81캻,50쯪ꆡꆡ놾퇐뺿뗄쪵볊펦폃볛횵퓚폚,퓚쫐뎡떼쿲뗄뮷틔짏돋뿍3캻ꆣ뺳쿂,쿻럑헟뛔웳튵닺욷믲럾컱뗄솼뫃움볛쫇웳튵ꆡ쫽뻝럖컶벰뷡맻짺듦뫍랢햹뗄맘볼ꆣ평폚쿻럑헟퓚뛔웳튵닺욷믲럾ꆡꆡ뛔폚퇐뺿죽쯹믱쫽뻝,컒쏇닉폃IndependentT컱뷸탐움볛쪱뿍맛듦퓚맢뮷킧펦,쯹틔맢뮷킧펦뻍test랽램뇈뷏쇋솽ퟩ돋뿍뛔럾컱훊솿뇤솿뫍웤쯻뇤뛔움볛뗄뷡맻닺짺펰쿬,뷸뛸펰쿬떽쿻럑헟쫇럱풸솿움볛럖횵뗄닮틬,틔뇣좷뚨쫇럱듦퓚쿔훸캬뛈맢틢볌탸릺싲룃웳튵뗄닺욷믲럾컱ꆣ뛔웳튵살쮵,ퟮ뮷킧펦ꆣ뫃뗄닟싔쫇죧뫎샻폃맢뮷킧펦뗄믺샭,폐킧뗘룄뷸ꆡꆡ평Leveneꆯs랽닮웫탔볬퇩랢쿖,쯹폐뇤솿뗄p쿻럑헟뛔놾웳튵닺욷믲럾컱뗄움볛ꆣ죧헒돶펰쿬쿻횵뻹듳폚,평듋에뚨쯹폐뇤솿뗄쫽뻝뚼럻뫏랽럑헟뛔웳튵닺욷믲럾컱ퟜ쳥펡쿳뗄훷튪틲쯘늢볓틔닮웫탔뗄튪쟳,뿉틔닉폃싺ퟣ랽닮웫탔튪쟳뛔솽ퟩ룄뷸;헒돶뛔쿻럑헟싺틢뛈폐쿔훸펰쿬뗄틲쯘볓틔
ꆡ532탄ꆡꆡ샭ꆡꆡ톧ꆡꆡ놨37뻭룄뷸;뗈뗈ꆣ헢킩듫쪩뿉틔폐킧뗘쳡짽쿻럑헟뗄싺믱뗃룼듳뗄뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ틢뛈,뷸뛸쳡짽쿻럑헟뗄훒돏뛈,퓚춬퇹풴쳵볾쿂뇭4ꆡ싺ퟣ랽닮웫탔튪쟳뗄뇤솿뻹횵뗄뛀솢T볬퇩뻹횵닮95%훃탅쟸볤닮횵잱뇤솿쿔뇤솿p횵(Bퟩ-Aퟩ)뇪ힼ욫닮LowerUpper뎵쓚컀짺뎵쓚뿕웸뎵쓚컂뛈ퟹ쳗뗈ힴ뿶쇐뎵뮷뺳훊솿쾴솳볤짨놸쾴솳쮮릩펦닞쯹짨놸뾪쮮랿짨놸뾪쮮릩펦맣능럾컱훊솿맣능쪱듎맣능쓚죝랹닋훊솿랹닋볛룱짌욷훊솿킡짌욷쫛믵듎쫽킡짌욷볛룱럾컱첬뛈럾컱벰쪱탔돋컱죋풱럾컱훊솿튪쟳듰뢴틬틩뒦샭럾컱폃폯싺틢뛈ꆡꆡ놾퇐뺿쇭튻룶횵뗃힢틢뗄틾몬뷡싛쫇,퓚럾컱틥ꆣ헢킩붫쫇컒쏇뷱뫳퇐뺿뗄얬솦랽쿲ꆣ돉캪펰쿬쿻럑헟싺틢뛈쿔훸캬뛈뗄쳵볾쿂,춨맽쳡룟쳺슷뿍퓋뗄럾컱훊솿,붫폐킧쳡룟돋뿍뛔쳺슷뿍뎵쪵컯훊솿뗄움볛ꆣ췆뛸맣횮닎뾼컄쿗,퓚웤쯻닺욷믲럾컱붻닦뗄탐튵훐,죧맻럾컱쫇펰쿬쿻럑헟싺틢뛈뗄쿔1ꆡWirtzJ,훸캬뛈,쓇쎴,벴쪹웳튵퓚닺욷쪵컯훊솿늻뻟놸뺺헹폅쫆뗄쟩뿶쿂ServiceIndustryManagement,1995,6(3):84ꆫ102,죔좻뿉틔춨맽쳡릩폅폚뺺헹헟뗄럾컱훊솿2ꆡWestbrookRA,,듯떽쿻럑헟뛔룃웳튵닺욷훊솿룸폨뷏룟움볛뗄쒿뗄ꆣ헢튻뗣뛔폚훐맺욷없춬뿧맺릫쮾욷없뺺consumersatisfaction:,1981,8:94ꆫ99헹폈캪훘튪ꆣ3ꆡCadotteER,WoodruffRB,ꆡꆡ놾퇐뺿뗄뻖쿞퓚폚,퇐뺿뗄탐튵뷶뷶쫇쳺슷럾,컱튵,퓚웤쯻탐튵,쳘뇰쫇웤쯻럇럾컱탔탐튵,헢훖1987,24:305ꆫ314뷡싛튲쫇쫊폃뗄싰?듋췢,죧맻룄뷸럾컱훊솿뿉틔4ꆡ춨맽맢뮷킧펦폐킧룄뷸쿻럑헟뛔쪵컯훊솿뗄움볛:KinnearTC(Ed.)AdvancesinConsumerResearch,,쓇쎴AssociationforConsumerResearch,AnnArbor,MI,1984,11:,랴횮튲쫇죧듋싰?헢킩컊쳢뮹탨튪춨맽뷸튻늽뗄퇐뺿살톰쟳듰낸ꆣퟮ뫳496ꆫ499,쿻럑헟뛔닺욷믲럾컱뗄짦죫돌뛈ꆢ쿻럑헟뗄쟩룐폫쿻럑헟싺틢뛈훐맢뮷5ꆡWestbrookRA,킧펦뗄맘쾵퇐뺿,틔벰럾컱쪧킧뫳럾컱늹뻈뛔싺틢search,1991,24:84ꆫ91뛈훐맢뮷킧펦펰쿬뗄퇐뺿,뿉쓜뛔웳튵룼뻟쪵볊틢6ꆡ
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ꆡ534탄ꆡꆡ샭ꆡꆡ톧ꆡꆡ놨37뻭TheHaloEffectinCustomerSatisfactionMeasurementLuQibin,ZhaoPing,WangGao,HuangJinsong(TheSchoolofEconomicandManagement,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)AbstractThisstudyutilizedChineserailwaycustomerserviceasresearchingobject,demonstratedthathaloeffectisanobjec2tivephenomenon,,,whencorporationsmakeadecisiontoimprovetheircustomersatis2faction,ꆡcustomersatisfactionmeasurement,haloeffect,structureequationmodel.
