山西财经大学硕士学位论文集体谈判对我国企业工资决定机制的影响姓名：王慧申请学位级别：硕士专业：劳动经济学指导教师：马培生2009-05-18
햪튪??퓚쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾쿂ꎬ릤ퟷ캪샍뚯솦뗄볛룱ꎬ웤럖엤쫇럱뿆톧ꆢ뫏샭ꎬ늻뷶듓캢맛짏횱뷓맘쾵떽풱릤뗄샍뚯믽벫탔ꎬ펰쿬ퟅ죋솦풴뗄뫏샭엤훃ꎬ뻶뚨ퟅ웳튵뗄죋릤돉놾ꆢ샻죳럖엤벰웤뺺헹쓜솦ꎬ늢쟒ퟷ캪믹놾뗄뫪맛뺭볃횸뇪뛔튻맺뗄릤튵뮯ꆢ쿖듺뮯뷸돌폐ퟅ뻙ퟣ쟡훘뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ?ꆰ릤벯쳥첸에ꆱ쫇튻훖퓚맺볒램싉놣뮤뫍풼쫸쿂ꎬ춨맽웳튵ꎨ듺뇭맍훷ꎩ폫릤믡ꎨ듺뇭릤죋ꎩ횮볤뗄첸에살뻶뚨릤죋릤뗄튻훖릤뻶뚨랽쪽ꆣ죧뷱ꎬꆰ릤벯쳥첸에ꆱ훆뛈욾뷨웤쿠뛔폚웤쯻릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄폅풽탔틑뺭돉캪듳뛠쫽쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒좷뚨릤죋릤쮮욽폫릤럖엤뷡릹뗄훷튪쫖뛎ꆣ놾컄릲럖캪쯄룶늿럖ꆣ 뗚튻늿럖훷튪쳖싛쇋릤뻶뚨ꆢ벯쳥첸에뗄쿠맘샭싛틔벰뺭볃톧쒣탍ꎬ캪싛컄럖컶컒맺릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄쿖ힴꆢ컊쳢틔벰벯쳥첸에훆뛈뛔릤뻶뚨뗄펰쿬ퟶ쇋샭싛워뗦ꆣ헢튲쫇헻욪싛컄퇐뺿뗄웰뗣ꆣ?뗚뛾늿럖쫗쿈듓컒맺뺭볃쳥훆룄룯맽돌훐ꎬ웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뫍웳튵쓚늿럖엤믺훆솽랽쏦뗄랢햹럖컶죫쫖ꎬ첽쳖쿖듺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄붨솢쒣쪽ꆣ?뗚죽늿럖훷튪럖컶쇋훐맺쪵탐릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뗄뇘튪탔ꎬ늢룹뻝컒맺췆뷸벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뗄쿖쪵ힴ뿶ꎬ첽쳖쇋컒맺릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈듦퓚뗄컊쳢ꆣ?ퟮ뫳늿럖싛쫶쇋컒맺붨솢릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄쒿뇪쒣쪽ꎬ듓뫪맛ꆢ훐맛ꆢ캢맛죽룶닣듎쳡돶쇋튻킩뻟폐헫뛔탔뗄뛔닟살붨솢췪짆틔벯쳥킭짌캪믹뒡뗄쫐뎡뺭 1
볃릤쳥쾵ꎬ웤훐냼삨볓잿릤믡뛀솢탔ꎬ붨솢쿖듺웳튵ꎬ췪짆릤램싉램맦뗈듫쪩살췪짆릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ쪹웤뫏샭뿆톧뗘퓶뎤뗈ꆣ?ꆾ맘볼듊ꆿ릤벯쳥첸에?릤뻶뚨믺훆?릤믡?샍뚯맘쾵? 2
Abstract Wage collective bargaining is a wage-determined mechanism, which is through negotiation between enterprises (represent the employees) and trade unions (represent the Employers) under government's legal protection. Nowadays, wage collective bargaining system relying on its superiority to other wage-determined mechanisms has been adopted in most market economy countries. It is a main method that determine worker's wage level and wage distribution structure. Under the market economy, the salary, as the price of the labor, whether it assigns scientifically and rationally, microcosmic not merely do it concern work enthusiasm of staff, influence the rational disposition of the human resources, determine the cost of labor, profit distribution and competitive power of enterprises, but has very important function to the industrialization and modernization drive of one country as the basic macroscopical economic indicator. The dissertation paper composes of 4 parts in all. Part1 mainly discusses concept definition of wage-determined mechanisms, And introduces the foundation to develop wage-determined mechanisms, and we describes the wage collective bargaining system, reviews development process of wage collective bargaining system and analyzes its effectiveness as a method of wage distribution system in market economy. We research characteristics and practice experience of collective bargaining in western countries. Part2 The part is divided into 2 parts: First, it provides the current situation of the wage-determined mechanisms in our country, it's also the key of the whole paper. Secondly, We try to find some inspirations for wage-determined mechanisms in China by the introduction of foreign experience and the research in Part1. Part3 It mainly analyses social conditions and restricted factors of collective bargaining in China, and offers some practice and imaginations of how to construct our corporate wage system on the base of collective bargaining and how to construct and improve wage-determined mechanisms bargaining through theory analysis of chapter 2. This chapter is analysis and summarization of China's practice in collective bargaining and is also research purpose and research destination of the 3
whole dissertation paper. Part4 It mainly defined the goal of building wage-determined mechanisms in China, and provides some countermeasures and suggestions including strengthening trade union independent to the government and enterprises, government's certain macroeconomic measures on wage dispersion . ꆾKey WordsꆿWage collective bargaining Wage determination Union organization Labor relations Wage-determined mechanisms 4
††?즽컷닆뺭듳톧?††톧캻싛컄풭뒴탔짹쏷? 놾죋횣훘짹쏷ꎺ쯹돊붻뗄톧캻싛컄ꎬ쫇놾죋퓚떼쪦뗄횸떼쿂ꎬ뛀솢뷸탐퇐뺿릤ퟷ쯹좡뗃뗄돉맻ꆣ돽컄훐틑뺭힢쏷틽폃뗄쓚죝췢ꎬ놾싛컄늻냼몬죎뫎웤쯻룶죋믲벯쳥틑뺭랢뇭믲킴맽뗄ퟷ욷돉맻ꆣ뛔놾컄뗄퇐뺿쯹ퟶ돶훘튪릱쿗뗄룶죋뫍벯쳥ꎬ뻹틑퓚컄훐틔쏷좷랽쪽뇪쏷ꆣ놾죋췪좫틢쪶떽놾짪쏷뗄램싉뷡맻평놾죋돐떣ꆣ? 톧캻싛컄ퟷ헟잩쏻ꎺ 죕웚ꎺ쓪 퓂 죕
??즽컷닆뺭듳톧?†?톧캻싛컄냦좨쪹폃쫚좨쫩? 놾톧캻싛컄ퟷ헟췪좫쇋뷢톧킣폐맘놣맜ꆢ쪹폃톧캻싛컄뗄맦뚨ꎬ춬틢톧킣놣쇴늢쿲맺볒폐맘늿쏅믲믺릹쯍붻싛컄뗄뢴펡볾뫍뗧ퟓ냦ꎬ퓊탭싛컄놻닩퓄뫍뷨퓄ꆣ놾죋쫚좨즽컷닆뺭듳톧뿉틔붫놾톧캻싛컄뗄좫늿믲늿럖쓚죝뇠죫폐맘쫽뻝뿢뷸탐볬쯷ꎬ뿉틔닉폃펰펡ꆢ쯵펡믲즨쏨뗈뢴훆쫖뛎놣듦뫍믣뇠놾톧캻싛컄ꆣ?놾톧캻싛컄쫴폚놣쏜ꇵꎬ늻놣쏜ꇵꆣ퓚 쓪뷢쏜뫳쫊폃놾쫚좨쫩ꆣ ꎨ쟫퓚틔짏랽뿲쓚듲ꆰꇌꆱꎩ??????톧캻싛컄ퟷ헟잩쏻ꎺ††††††††?횸떼뷌쪦잩쏻ꎺ?죕웚ꎺ††쓪†퓂†죕††††††††††죕웚ꎺ††쓪†퓂†죕
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 탷싛?ㄮ톡쳢놳뺰 떳뗄쪮웟듳놨룦쳡돶얬솦쪹좫쳥죋쏱ꆰ샍폐쯹뗃ꆱꆢꆰ짮뮯쫕죫럖엤훆뛈룄룯ꎬ퓶볓돇쿧뻓쏱쫕죫ꆱ뗄죎컱ꎬ볓듳쇋뛔웳튵횰릤릤퓶뎤뗄뗷뷚솦뛈ꎬ붨솢횰릤릤헽뎣퓶뎤믺훆ꆣ컒맺헾뢮룟뛈맘힢쫕죫럖엤ꆢ릤쮮욽뗈랽쏦뗄컊쳢ꎬ늢뾪쪼ퟩ횯폐맘늿쏅뷸탐붨솢횰릤릤헽뎣퓶뎤믺훆뗄샭싛퇐뺿뫍쪵볹첽쯷ꆣ췪짆쫕죫럖엤룄룯ꎬ붨솢횰릤릤헽뎣퓶뎤믺훆컊쳢쫇쒿잰뗄튻룶죈뗣퇐뺿컊쳢ꎬ놾퇐뺿뗄돶랢뗣튲헽쫇믹폚헢튻뗣뛸ퟶ돶뗄ꆣ ퟶ뫃헢튻퇐뺿붫뻟폐뫜듳뗄샭싛틢틥뫍쿖쪵틢틥ꎬ웤샭싛틢틥냼삨:뗚튻ꎬ폐샻폚쫡샭릤틔벰릤벯쳥첸에훆뛈쿠맘샭싛뗄퇐뺿쮼슷ꎬ캪컒쏇ퟶ뷸튻늽뗄퇐뺿쳡릩랽뇣ꎻ뗚뛾ꎬ뛔컒맺릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄퇐뺿ꎬ쫇샭싛뒴탂뗄믹뒡ꎻ뗚죽ꎬ뛔벯쳥첸에훆뛈퓚탎돉웳튵뫏샭뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ쳡릩쇋튻훖닢뛈뗄랽램ꎬ뻟폐튻뚨뗄탂펱탔ꆣ 웤쿖쪵틢틥냼삨ꎺ뗚튻ꎬ캪헾뢮훆뚨릤헽뎣퓶뎤믺훆뗄쿠맘헾닟램맦쳡릩샭싛틀뻝ꎻ뗚뛾ꎬ캪춨맽붨솢뫏샭뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ쪵쿖샍뚯맘쾵훐룷랽릲펮뗄솼뫃퓋ퟷ쳡릩샭싛닻쫍ꎻ뗚죽ꎬ캪컒맺붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌믺훆뗄쪵볹쳡릩샭싛믹뒡ꆣ 2.컄쿗ퟛ쫶 컷랽랢듯맺볒릤샭싛믘맋 맺췢릤뻶뚨뫍탎돉믺훆뗄쿠맘샭싛컷랽뺭볃톧훐ꎬꆰ릤ꆱ컊쳢튻횱쫇뺭볃톧볒퇐뺿뗄훘튪컊쳢횮튻ꆣ릤뗄놾훊ꆢ릤뻶뚨틲쯘ꆢ릤탎돉믺훆틔벰릤훆뛈뗈컊쳢뗄퇐뺿ꎬ탎돉쇋컷랽뺭볃톧뗄훷튪릤샭싛ꆣ퓧웚훷튪벯훐폚릤뻶뚨틲쯘뗄퇐뺿ꎬ훷튪폐퇇떱·쮹쏜ꎨAdam Smithꎩ뗄샍뚯릤샭싛ꆢ뿽쓎ꎨ兵敳湡?ꎩ뗄짺듦럑폃샭싛ꆢ풼몲·쮹춼퇇쳘·쓂샕ꎨJohn Stuart Millꎩ뗄릤믹뷰샭싛ꆢ풼몲·뿋삭뿋ꎨ䩯桮⁂慴敳⁃污牫ꎩ뗄뇟볊짺닺싊릤샭싛ꎬ웤훐틔뇟볊짺닺싊릤샭싛ퟮ캪쾵춳ꎬ펰쿬ퟮ듳ꆣ횮뫳ꎬ뺭볃톧볒훰늽맘힢쫐뎡믺훆퓚릤뻶뚨훐뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ십킪뛻ꎨ䅬晲敤⁍慲獨慬?ꎩ틔릩쟳뻹뫢볛룱캪믹뒡ꎬ틔췪좫뺺헹뗄샍뚯솦쫐뎡캪볙짨잰쳡ꎬ붨솢릩쟳뻹뫢릤샭싛ꎬ쮵쏷쇋릤뗄쫐뎡뻶뚨믺훆ꆣ쯦ퟅ릤믡ퟩ횯뗄돉뎤뫍ힳ듳ꎬ뺭볃톧볒뾪쪼맘힢쫐뎡뻹뫢횮췢뗄헹틩뫍좨솦뚷헹ꆣ틔벯쳥첸에캪놳뺰뗄릤샭싛닺 1
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 짺ꎬ듺뇭샭싛쒣탍폐욤맅ꎨPigou1ꎬ19㌳ꎩ뗄랶캧싛뫍쾣뿋쮹ꎨ䡩捫??ꎬㄹ㌲ꎩ쒣탍ꆣ퓚쾣뿋쮹쒣탍훐ꎬ쾣뿋쮹ퟮ퓧폃틩볛샭싛뿲볜럖컶릤뻶뚨릤ퟷꎬퟔ쓉쪲ꎨJohn Nashꎬ1950ꎬ1953ꎩ쳡돶뫏ퟷ틩볛샭싛횮뫳ꎬ릤뫍뻍튵틩볛샭싛좡뗃쇋뿬쯙랢햹ꎬ뺭볃톧뷧쳡돶쇋맜샭좨쒣탍ꎨNickell and Andrews3ꎬ1983ꎩ뫍킧싊틩볛쒣탍ꎨMcDonald and Solow4ꎬ1981ꎩꎬ20쫀볍90쓪듺ꎬ뫏ퟷ틩볛샭싛뗄럖컶뿲볜폃폚럖컶맬쪱웚뗄릤뫍뻍튵뻶뚨ꆣ뚫얷맬뺭볃맺볒뗄웳튵놻뾴ퟷ쫇횰릤맜샭탍웳튵ꎬ벴평횰릤튻랽떥뛀뻶뚨릤뫍뻍튵ꎬ웳튵뗄틩볛쓜솦캪쇣ꆣ뚫얷탍웳튵룄룯맽돌훐ꎬ웳튵틩볛쓜솦쳡룟ꎬ웳튵쓚뗄샍뚯짺닺싊뫍췢늿쫐뎡뮷뺳뇤뮯튲펰쿬떽릤뇤뮯ꆣ헢킩틲쯘뚼뿉틔놻쓉죫틩볛쒣탍뗄럖컶뿲볜쓚ꆣ듋췢ꎬ십뚡·췾듄싼ꎨMartin Weitzmanꎩ뗄럖쿭릤샭싛ꆢ쮹뗙룱샻듄ꎨJoseph ꎩ뗄킧싊릤샭싛ꆢ컷냂뛠·쫦뛻듄ꎨTheodore W. Schultzꎩ뗄죋솦놾릤샭싛뗈뚼뛔뫪맛뺭볃뫍웳튵맜샭닺짺훘듳펰쿬5ꆣ쯤좻ꎬ헢킩샭싛뚼늻쫇뛔릤뻶뚨뗄퇐뺿ꎬ뛸쫇듓릤뛔뫪맛뺭볃ꆢ웳튵맜샭ꆢ킽돪럖엤뷇뛈퇐뺿ꎬ떫쫇ꎬ헢킩샭싛퇐뺿뛠짙펰쿬릤쮮욽뻶뚨ꎬ죧킧싊릤싛뗄쳡돶ꎬ죏캪릤룟뗍뻶뚨샍뚯짺닺싊룟뗍ꎬ폃퓚쪵볹훐ꎬ뿉쓜돉캪쪹웳튵뷓쫜룟릤첸에뗄뾼싇틲쯘ꆣ 맺쓚릤뻶뚨뫍탎돉믺훆퇐뺿 퇮쿈쏷6ꎨ1999ꎩ뗈죋붫릤훆뛈퇝뇤럖캪볆뮮뺭볃쳥훆쿂뒫춳뗄릤훆뛈뫍릤믺훆벰쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆쿂샍뚯솦뛾풪릤훆뛈뫍릤믺훆ꆣ훐맺볆뮮쳥훆쿂ꎬ맺볒뻶뚨릤ꆣ쿖탐쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆쿂ꎬힼ쫐뎡뮯릤탎돉믺훆폫쫐뎡뮯릤탎돉믺훆늢듦맺폐웳튵쫇퓚릤ퟜ뛮뿘훆뿲볜쿂뗄릤럖엤ퟔ훷ꎬ웤릤쮮욽늢럇쫇췪좫평쫐뎡뻶뚨ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ늿럖킡탍맺폐웳튵뫍럇릫폐훆웳튵뗄릤췪좫평쫐뎡뻶뚨ꆣ슽쏺7ꎨ2004ꎩ폃쓉쪲뫏ퟷ틩볛샭싛뛔훐맺뻍튵뫍릤틩볛뷸탐럖컶ꎬ죏캪훐맺뺭볃맬쪱웚맺폐늿럖뗄릤뫍뻍튵쫇평웳튵맜샭헟듺뇭웳튵폫헾뢮뷸탐틩볛뛸뻶뚨뗄ꎻ럇맺폐늿쏅릤뫍뻍튵퓲평웳튵뗄샻죳ퟮ듳뮯탐캪뻶뚨ꎬ솽룶늿쏅뗄횰릤뚼쫇룹뻝릤뻶뚨ퟔ벺뗄얬솦쮮욽뛸뛔릤뫍뻍튵닺짺펰쿬ꆣ쿖폐맛뗣죏캪훐맺샍뚯솦쫐뎡훐ꎬ샍뚯솦쫇쳘쫢짌욷ꎬ틀좻춨맽쫐뎡살뻶뚨웤볛룱ꆣ떫쫇ꎬ믹폚샍뚯솦쫐뎡샍쮫랽 1 Pigou,A. C. 1933. The Theory of Unemployment[M]. London: Macmillanꎬ1933. 2 䡩捫猬⁊⹒⸠周攠周敯特映坡来獛䵝⸠䱯湤潮㨠䵡捭楬污?ꎬㄹ㌲⸠ 3 Nickell, S. and Andrews, M. Unions, Real Wages and Employment in Britain, 1951-79[J]. Oxford Economic . 1ꎬ1983. 4 McDonald and bargaining and employment[J]American Economic Review 71ꎬ1981, p896–908. 5 즣웕쮹뢣쳘?즣쓉췐쮹뇠?샍뚯뺭볃톧잰퇘컊쳢?놱뺩ꎺ훐맺쮰컱돶냦짧ꎬ㈰〰⸱ 6 퇮쿈쏷?샍뚯솦쫐뎡퓋탐퇐뺿?놱뺩ꎺ짌컱펡쫩망⸱㤹㤮倲㘹?㈸? 7 슽쏺?릤뫍뻍튵뗄틩볛샭싛ꎭ뛔훐맺뛾풪뻍튵쳥훆뗄킧싊뾼달?짏몣ꎺ짏몣죽솪쫩뗪ꎬ짏몣죋쏱돶냦짧ⰲ〰㐮倱?ꡃㄳ? 2
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 솦솿뗄퇏훘쪧뫢ꎬ폐맛뗣죏캪뇘탫붨솢벯쳥첸에훆뛈ꆣ돌퇓풰8ꎨ2004ꎩ뛔벯쳥첸에훆뛈뷸탐쇋뷏캪쾵춳뗄퇐뺿ꎬ춨맽뛔컷랽벯쳥첸에훆뛈뗄뇈뷏랢쿖컷랽맺볒뗄벯쳥첸에훆뛈폐솽룶쳘뗣ꎬ볛횵좡쿲훐뗄릤믡뛠풪뮯뫍냕릤좨뗄램뚨뮯ꎬ뛸헢킩폫훐맺쿖폐훆뛈늻쿠럻뫏ꎬ틲듋ꎬ죧뫎릹붨훐맺쳘폐릤벯쳥첸에훆뛈튲쫇램싉펦떱퇐뺿뗄컊쳢ꆣ 춨맽뛔맺쓚췢컄쿗헻샭뿉횪ꎬ쒿잰퇐뺿돉맻뷶쿞폚퓋폃틩볛샭싛살뛔릤탎돉믺훆뷸탐캢맛럖컶ꎬ벴쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒훐ꎬ룶쳥릤첸에뫍릤벯쳥첸에쫇릤뗄틩볛탎쪽ꎬ웤훐릤벯쳥첸에뗄ퟷ폃쫇뫍릤믡ퟩ횯솦솿듳킡횱뷓쿠맘뗄ꆣ훐맺뒦폚쫐뎡뺭볃맬쪱웚ꎬ듳뛠톧헟뚼죏캪쮫맬훆쫇쿖탐웳튵릤탎돉믺훆뗄쳘뗣ꎬ튲죏캪퓚훐맺쪵탐벯쳥첸에훆뛈듦퓚삧쓑ꆣ떫쫇헢킩샭싛뚼쎻폐듓훆뛈닣쏦살뷸탐퇐뺿ꆣ릤훆뛈ꎬ폈웤쫇튻맺뗄릤훆뛈쫇룃맺릤탎돉믺훆뗄뿲볜뫍맦랶ꎬ릤탎돉믺훆퓲쫇릤훆뛈뗄쓚몭뫍쪵쿖뗄춾뺶ꆣ평폚훐맺쫇틔헾뢮훷떼탍뗄쫐뎡뺭볃룄룯ꎬ헽쪽훆뛈뗄탎돉뫍룄룯뮹횱뷓펰쿬훐맺릤탎돉믺훆뗄뇤ꆣ웤훐램싉훆뛈뗄뇤룯쫇훆뛈뇤룯뗄뫋탄ꆣ뗚죽쫀뷧뗄헾뢮뇘탫뷸탐램싉뫍맜훆뗄룄룯ꆣ평폚튻맺훆뛈뗄톡퓱쫇맺쓚헾훎ꆢ뺭볃ꆢ짧믡벰맺볊뮷뺳뗈ퟛ뫏틲쯘뻶뚨ꎬ쫇뛔훮뛠샻틦뗄킭뗷ꎬ쓇쎴ꎬ훐맺웳튵릤훆뛈죧뫎폫쿖폐웤쯻훆뛈킭뗷ꎬ춨맽릤맦퓲뗄짨뚨ꎬ살럖엤샻틦ꎬ쪵쿖맺볒헾닟쒿뇪퓲럇뎣훘튪ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ죧뫎릹붨훐맺쳘즫뗄웳튵릤훆뛈좱랦짮죫퇐뺿ꆣ ㈮?컷랽맺볒벯쳥첸에?퓚컷랽놾훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒ꎬ벯쳥첸에춨맽뛔릤뫍뻍튵뗄펰쿬ꎬ퓚놾훷틥뺭볃뗄퓋탐훐웰ퟅ훘튪뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ뛔듋뺭볃톧볒쏇틑뺭ퟷ쇋짮죫쾸훂뗄퇐뺿ꆣ떫쫇ꎬ떽쒿잰캪횹ꎬ뺭볃톧볒쏇횻쫇뿍맛뗘럖컶쇋릤믡틔벰벯쳥첸에뿉쓜닺짺뗄룷훖뺭볃펰쿬ꎬ훁폚웤ퟷ폃떽뗗쫇틔믽벫뗄튻쏦캪훷뮹쫇틔쿻벫뗄튻쏦캪훷ꎬ죔좻쎻폐튻훂뗄뾴램ꆣ뻍맬뺭볃맺볒뗄쟩뿶살뾴ꎬퟩ횯뗄뇤잨튲퓚뫜듳돌뛈짏쫜떽쇋뒫춳쳥훆펰쿬ꆣ뻍쒿잰쟩뿶뛸퇔ꎬ맬뺭볃맺볒훐뗄벯쳥첸에탎쪽뫍랢믓뗄ퟷ폃폫놾훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃훐뗄뚼폐뫜듳뗄늻춬ꎬ떫듓뷱뫳뗄랢햹쟷쫆뛸퇔ꎬ뿉쓜돶쿖뗄쟩뿶쫇ꎬ뚫얷맺볒훐뗄횰릤맜샭탍웳튵훐웳튵퓚폫릤믡ꎨ믲웤쯻샠쯆ퟩ횯ꎩ뗄릤뫍뻍튵첸에훐뗄첸에쓜솦풽살풽잿ꎬ듓뛸튲풽살풽쟷뷼폚놾훷틥쫐뎡훐뗄웳튵ꆣ뛸퓚컒맺ꎬ췑첥폚뒫춳쳥훆쿂뗄릤믡ퟩ횯퓚맬쪱웚퓚릤뫍뻍튵뗄탎돉랽쏦늢쎻폐탎돉뫜잿뗄쓜솦ꎬ틲뛸퓚쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆뗄붨짨맽돌훐ꎬ컒쏇탨튪볓잿릤믡ퟩ횯뗄붨짨ꎬ쟐쪵놣헏횰릤뗄좨틦ꎬ뿉쓜뗄톡퓱횮튻뻍쫇붨솢웰컷랽맺볒웳튵샯뗄벯쳥첸에훆뛈ꆣ컒쏇뛔폐맘벯쳥첸에 8 돌퇓풰?벯쳥첸에훆뛈퇐뺿?놱뺩?훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦짧⸲〰㐮ㄮ倠㔱?? 3
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 훆뛈뗄뺭볃펰쿬뗄퇐뺿뷸탐튻룶샭싛짏뗄믘맋ꆣ?벯쳥첸에쫇튻룶훘튪뗄뺭볃랶쪽ꎬ쯼쫇튻룶욽뗈뫍킧싊횮볤뗄늩?맽돌ꆣ뇈죧ꎬ룷웳튵퓚샍뚯솦쫐뎡쟣쿲뛔늻춬벨킧샍뚯헟뗄쫕죫욽뫢뮯럖엤ꎬ죅싒쇋릤럖엤ꎬ붵뗍쇋샍뚯헟퓚쫐뎡훐뗄볛횵ꎬ뇜쏢릤죋쿲럇릤믡뮯뗄쫐뎡늿쏅쇷뚯ꎬ틲캪튻냣헢샠샍뚯헟쫇ퟮ뻟폐짺닺솦뗄ꎨ副??ꎬㄹ㔱ꎩꆣ쇭췢ꎬ뺭볃톧볒죏캪죎뫎복짙쫕죫닮뻠뗄헾닟ꎬ쳡룟ퟮ뗍릤뇪ힼ뗄헾닟뚼믡떼훂쪧튵컊쳢뗄돶쿖ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ헢룶맛뗣폫퓚맽좥쫽쪮쓪훐ꎬ뺭뫏ퟩ횯맺볒샍뚯쫐뎡뗄쪵볊쟩뿶쫇쎬뛜뗄ꆣꎨ䙲敥浡?ꎬㄹ㠸ꎩ랢쿖ꎬ맺볒뻟폐튻룶뫜룟믲뫜뗍뗄릤샫닮ㄱ뇈쓇킩릤샫닮늻듳뗄맺볒뻟폐룼뫃뗄뻍튵탎쫆ꆣꎨ副睴桯牮ㄲꎬㄹ㤲ꎩ룹뻝ㄷ룶랢듯맺볒쫽뻝뗄쪵횤럖컶뗃돶뗄뷡싛쫇퓚룷닺튵쓚릤닮뇰뫍뻍튵벸뫵쎻폐쿠맘탔ꆣ쇭튻룶랴늵뗄샭평쫇ꎬ놱얷맺볒뗄쟩뿶뇭쏷ꎬ욽뗈뗄릤뷡릹뫍솼뫃뗄뻍튵볇슼늢탐늻ꆣ?ꎨ䉲畮漠慮搠卡捨?ㄳꎬㄹ㠶ꎩꎬꎨ䍡汭景牳湤⁄物晦楬ㄴꎬㄹ㠸ꎩ틔벰ꎨ䵯敮?ꎬ⁗慬汥牳瑥楮?慮搠䡯敬ㄵꎬㄹ㤱ꎩ뫍ꎨ䱡祡牤ꎬ乩捫敬氠慮搠䩡捫浡?ㄶꎬㄹ㤱ꎩ뚼퓸횸돶ꎬ뛔폚뒴퓬뫍캬돖룟쮮욽뗄뻍튵ꎬ벯쳥첸에뗄뷡릹뿉쓜폐훘듳뗄펰쿬쓜솦ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ첹냗뗄쮵ꎬ헢킩샍뚯솦쫐뎡쳥훆죧뫎펰쿬릤뷡릹뮹뫜쓑쮵쟥ꆣꎨ坡汬敲獴敩?ㄷꎬㄹ㤰ꎩ쫇튻룶샽췢ꎬ쯻죏캪럧쿕퇡뛱릤믡톡퓱튻훖룼뇢욽뗄릤뷡릹ꆣꎨ副睴桯牮ㄸꎬㄹ㤲ꎩ삩햹쇋ꎨ䍡汭景牳湤⁄物晦楬ꎬㄹ㠸ꎩ쒣탍ꎬ늢붨솢쇋퓚탅쾢늻뛔돆쿂뗄쳖볛뮹볛쒣탍ꎬ죏캪벯쳥첸에쫇늻춬닺튵볤닺짺뷏룟릤샫닮뿉쓜뗄살풴횮튻ꆣ?뛔벯쳥첸에벯폫뻍튵뗄퇐뺿ꎬ듳볒맘힢첸에룷랽맘폚럖즢폫벯훐틩볛훆뛈뗄톡퓱뛔릤샫닮뗄펰쿬ꎬ헢튲뇭쏷쇋벯훐뛈뛔릤샫닮폐뫜듳펰쿬ꆣꎨ䵯敮?ꎬ坡汬敲獴敩渠慮??䡯敬ꎬ 9 Roy thoughts on the distribution of earnings[J]Oxford Economic ꎬ1951ꎬ?135-146 10 McDonaldFreeman, density and economic performance : An analysis of . States[J].European Economic Reviewꎬ1988ꎬElsever vol. 32(2-3). 11 릤샫닮횸뇪ힼ릤샫닮쫇닢쯣룷훖쫕죫캧죆욽뻹쫕죫샫즢돌뛈뗄횸뇪?ꆣ폃살닢뛈튻룶맺볒믲뗘쟸릤늻욽뗈뛈솿폃뗄뇈뷏뛠뗄쫇첩뛻??횸쫽ꎨ周敩???ꎩ믲돆욽뻹뛔쫽샫닮ꎬ룃횸쫽뿉틔폃살뷸탐ퟓ좺쳥뗄럖뷢ꆣ횻튪쯣돶쎿룶ퟓ좺쳥뗄첩뛻??횸쫽ꎬ좻뫳폃ퟓ좺쳥뗄죋뿚뇈샽ퟷ좨쫽쯣돶볓좨욽뻹쫽ꎬ뇣뗃떽쯹캽뗄ꆰퟩ쓚릱쿗ꆱꎬ쪣쿂뗄늿럖캪ꆰퟩ볤릱쿗ꆱꆣ헢튻럖뷢뿉틔랽뇣뗘놻폃살퇐뺿훮죧탔뇰릤닮틬믲헟돇쿧닮뻠뗈뛔ퟜ쳥늻욽뗈뗄릱쿗ꆣ 12 ꎬemployment and wage dispersion[R].Economic Journalꎬ1992ꎬ102ꎨ412ꎩ.p506–523. 13 Michael Bruno and Jeffrey of worldwide stagflation[M].Journal of International Economicsꎬ1986ꎬvol. 1-2. 14 ꎬ Structure. Corporatism and. Macroeconomic Performance[J].Economic Policyꎬ1988(6),P14-61. 15 Moene,Wallerstein and Structure and Economic Performance[M].Oslo University, Department of Economicsꎬ1992. 16 R Layard, S Nickel,R. . Macroeconomic Performance and the Labour Market[M].Oxford University Pressꎬ 1991. 17 Michael Bargaining and Wage Restraint[J]American Journal of Political . 34, No. 4 , 1990ꎬP982ꆪ1004. 18 ꎬemployment and wage dispersion[R].Economic Journal , 1992 , 102ꎨ412ꎩ.P506–523. 4
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 ㄹ㤱ꎩ춨맽뺭볃싛횤튲횸돶ꎬ릤샫닮퓚뫜듳돌뛈쫜떽벯쳥첸에벯훐뛈뗄펰쿬ꆣ벯훐뛈뛔폚릤럖엤뇢욽뮯뷡맻뗄펰쿬쫜벯훐뛈뗄뇤뮯랽쿲펰쿬ꆣ퓚튻킩맺볒랢짺뗄릤첸에쫇퓚닺튵닣쏦ꎬ뛸쇭튻킩톡퓱뗄쫇맺볒닣쏦짏뗄릤첸에ꆣꎨ䍡汭景牳♄物晦楬氱ꎬㄹ㠸ꎩ쒣탍ꎬ쪧튵싊뫍첸에벯훐뛈맘쾵탎돉튻룶췕럥탎맘쾵ꆣ쯻쏇뗄훘뗣쫇욽뻹쪵볊릤ꎬ뛸늻쫇헻룶늿쏅뗄릤럖엤뷡릹ꎻ쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ벯훐뛈룟뗄릤믡튻냣뚼냼삨늻춬벼쫵쮮욽ꎬ틬훊뗄샍뚯헟ꎻ늻춬샠탍뗄샍뚯솦쫇룟벼쓜뗄샍뚯헟뮹쫇럇쫬솷샍뚯헟뻶뚨쇋쪵볊릤뗄럖엤샫닮ꆣ?떱뷸탐릤뷡릹뇈뷏쪱ꎬ뛔늻춬뗄릤죋벼쓜틔벰늻춬쳘뗣뗄릫쮾튲폐맽쿠맘뗄쪵횤럖컶ꎬ샽죧ꎬ짧췅훷틥뺭볃쳥쾵뗄냂뗘샻뫍놱얷맺볒ꎬ뛔폚춬튻닺튵ꎬ냂뗘샻뗄릤샫닮쫇뫜듳뗄ꎨ副睴桯牮‱㤹?ꎬ䙲敥浡?ꎬㄹ㠸ꎩꆣ떫춨맽뻛샠럖컶뇭쏷ꎬ헢벸뫵췪좫뻛벯뗄ꆣ퓙뿘훆늻춬뗄벼쓜뫍탔뇰ꎬ닺튵릤샫닮믹놾뫍쮹뾰뗄쓉캬퇇ꎨ婷敩浩楬汥??䉡牴?ㄹꎬㄹ㤲ꎩ뗄튻퇹뗍?ꆣ늻맽ꎬ폫뫳헟늻춬뗄쫇냂뗘샻샍뚯헟벼쓜닮뻠쫇럇뎣튲쫇럇뎣듳뗄ꆣ헢솽룶릤믡훷틥맺볒퓚룷뗘닺튵릤믡솦솿뚼뫜잿ꆣ떫퓚놱얷맺볒샯ꎬ삶쇬뫍냗쇬릤ퟷ헟틔벰튵죋쪿벯쳥첸에쪱뚼쫇뛀솢뗄ꎬ뛸쟒늻춬벼쓜뗄샍뚯헟횮볤돯싫튲뷏캪럖즢ꆣ?㈮?훐맺뺭볃쳥훆맬쪱웚뗄벯쳥첸에퇐뺿?퓚룄룯틔잰뗄볆뮮뺭볃쪱듺ꎬ평폚컒맺웳튵뗄릤믡ퟩ횯퓚쒳훖돌뛈짏튲쫇떳뫍헾뢮횰쓜퓚웳튵쓚늿뗄퇓짬ꎬ벯쳥첸에훆뛈퓚컒맺늢쎻폐헦헽붨솢ꆣ룄룯뾪럅틔뫳ꎬ캪쇋쫊펦쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆뗄탨튪ꎬ맺폐웳튵뗄릤믡ퟩ횯쏦쇙퓵퇹쪵쿖탍뗄컊쳢ꎬ춬쪱퓚탂짺뗄럇맺폐늿쏅훐퓲듦퓚ퟅ튻룶릤믡ퟩ횯붨짨뗄컊쳢ꆣ캪쇋쫊펦쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆뗄탨튪ꎬ듓샭싛짏살쮵ꎬ벯쳥첸에믺훆퓚웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆훐ꆰ첸에ꆱퟷ폃뗃틔춹쿔ꆣ뎣뾭㈰ꎨ㈰〲ꎩ듓컒맺벯쳥킭짌믺훆릤믡훷쳥룱뗄뷇뛈ꎬ죏캪컒맺쪵탐튻풪뮯릤믡쳥훆ꎬ릤믡첸에튻냣컣탨쫚좨ꎬ뛸쫇횱뷓램싉맦뚨ꆣ컒맺램싉횱뷓맦뚨쇋릤믡쿭폐벯쳥첸에뗄좨샻ꆣ?헅뾹쮽㈱ꎨ㈰〱ꎩ죏캪룄룯쿖탐뗄릤믡훆뛈ꎬ볓듳ퟩ붨릤믡뗄솦뛈ꎬ좫쏦쪵탐벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ닅쓜붨솢웰럻뫏쪱듺뺭볃쳘뗣뗄샍뚯맘쾵킭뗷샭싛ꆣ떫쫇쪵볊쟩뿶쫇ꎬ쒿잰컒맺릤믡ퟩ횯뗄횰쓜헽뒦퓚뇤맽돌횮훐ꎬ벯쳥첸에믺훆튪듯떽샭싛짏뗄쒿뇪죔좻폐ퟅ튻뚨뗄뻠샫ꆣ뛸컢뫬쇐22ꎨ㈰??ꎩ죏캪컒맺릤믡뗄쳘뗣쪹뗃릤믡캯풱룼쟣쿲폚퓚뷡릹쓚늿킭뗷맍풱폫맜샭랽뗄 19 Josef Zweimuller & Erling Barth, Bargaining Structure, Wage Determination, and Wage Dispersion in 6 OECD-Countries [J]Institute for Research on Labor and Paper Series of Industrial Berkeley , 1992. 20 뎣뾭.싛냕릤좨솢램.좫쟲뮯폫샍릤좨틦뫍샍릤헾닟맺볊퇐쳖믡싛컄[R].릤죋돶냦짧. 21 헅뾹쮽.릤벯쳥킭짌뗄풼쫸쳵볾럖컶[J].ꆶ뚫놱닆뺭듳톧톧놨ꆷ.ꆪ17. 22 컢뫬쇐.벯쳥킭짌믺훆훐릤믡램싉뗘캻뗄퓙쮼뾼[J].ꆶ즽뚫탐헾톧풺즽뚫쪡뺭볃맜샭룉늿톧풺톧놨ꆷ.. 5
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 샻틦럖웧ꎬ뛸늻쫇듺뇭릤믡돉풱폫맜샭랽첸에ꆣ?돌퇓풰㈳ꎨ㈰〴ꎩ죏캪퓚컒맺벯쳥킭짌믺훆붨솢뗄쿖ힴ쫇ꎺ벯쳥킭짌믺훆뮹쎻폐탎돉튻룶짧믡릲쪶ꎬ첸에뮷뷚좱캻ꎬ벯쳥킭짌믺훆짐캴돤럖랢믓ퟷ폃ꎻ벯쳥첸에훆뛈랢햹늻욽뫢ꎬ튻킩웳튵뫍뗘쟸퇏훘훍뫳ꆣ?죃컒쏇살뾴맺폐웳튵쓚늿뗄벯쳥첸에훆뛈붨솢뗄쟩뿶ꆣ닌뇳㈴뗈죋ꎨ㈰〳ꎩ죏캪ꎬ떱잰웳튵훐릤믡ퟩ횯폫뺭펪헟횰쓜럖샫뗄릤ퟷ짐캴좫쏦햹뾪ꎬ릤믡ퟩ횯퓚뗷헻샍뚯맘쾵훐뗄뗘캻뫍횰쓜튲늻쏷좷ꆣ릤믡죔뻖쿞폚퓚탐쪹룄룯뾪럅돵웚뗄쓇킩헾훎횰쓜뫍뢣샻횰쓜ꎬ퓚쪵볊킭뗷샍뚯맘쾵훐쓜솦쪮럖놡죵ꆣ헢킩뻖쿞탔듓췆탐벯쳥뫏춬폫벯쳥킭뗷릤ퟷ훐튲뗃떽랴펳ꆣ쒿잰벯쳥뫏춬듳뛠쇷폚탎쪽ꎬ짐캴뒥벰킭뗷폃릤럖엤ꎬ훆풼쮫랽쟖좨탐캪뗄쎬뛜컊쳢ꆣ평폚좱랦웳튵폫횰릤횮볤뗄샍뚯맘쾵뗷뷚믺훆ꎬ헾뢮퓚웳튵샍뚯뻀럗뗄뒦샭짏튲컞듓쮳샻췋돶ꆣ튻킩틲샍뚯뻀럗틽웰뗄좺쳥탔쫂뛋ꎬ췹췹쫇샍뚯헟폫웳튵랢짺럖웧뫳횱뷓쟫쟳헾뢮룉풤ꆣ헾뢮퓚쏦쇙듋샠컊쳢쪱ꎬ췹췹캪쇋욽쾢쫂뛋뛸닉좡탐헾뒦샭뗄쫖뛎ꆣ늻뛏퇘폃탐헾뒦샭뗄뷡맻쫇컞램듙뷸웳튵샍뚯맘쾵킭짌믺훆뗄탎돉ꎬ튲컞램틽떼샍뚯헟폃램싉쫖뛎놣뮤ퟔ벺ꆣ뿉틔쮵ꎬ컒맺맺폐웳튵뗄횰릤뮹쎻폐뫜뫃뗘ퟩ횯웰살ꎬ춨맽벯쳥첸에훆뛈뛔웳튵뗄릤뫍뻍튵뻶뚨닺짺펰쿬ꆣ??폫맺폐늿쏅릤쫜떽헾뢮뗄맜훆늻춬ꎬ럇맺폐늿쏅ꎨ쳘뇰쫇튻킩ꆰ죽ꆱ웳튵ꎩ캪쇋헹뛡룟벼쓜샍뚯솦ꎬ췹췹쪵탐쇋룟폚맺폐늿쏅뗄쫕죫쮮욽ꎨ䝯牤潮湤⁌?㈵?ㄹ㤹ꎩꆣ평폚럇맺폐늿쏅뗄횰릤쏦쇙ퟅ쪧튵뗄럧쿕ꎬ뛸헢늿럖횰릤췹췹폖늻풸틢좥쫕죫뷏뗍뗄맺폐늿쏅뻍튵ꎬ틲듋ꎬ럇맺폐늿쏅뗄횰릤튲쎻폐뫜뫃뗘ퟩ횯웰살헹좡룼룟뗄뺭볃샻틦ꆣ맍릤쏇뛔폚틑폐릤믡움볛늻룟ꎬ뛔폚붨솢릤믡ퟩ횯뗄죈쟩튲늻룟ꎨ듷붨훐㈶ꎬ㈰〱ꎩꆣ쇭튻쿮퓚커몺쫐뾪햹뗄룶낸뗷닩튲랢쿖ꎬ폐뷼㌰?뗄훐췢뫏웳튵쎻폐릤믡ꎬ폫풱릤튲쎻폐잩뚩맽벯쳥뫏춬ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ퓚뷓쫜컊뻭뗷닩뗄쯄볒웳튵훐쯤좻폐릤믡ꎬ떫폐㌱⸷?뗄횰릤쎻폐닎볓ꎬ닎볓잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬뗄풱릤룼짙ꎬ듓뛸쪹뗃샍쮫랽퓚잩뚩샍뚯뫏춬쪱죝틗뒦폚늻욽뗈뗄뗘캻㈷ꆣ?튻킩ퟜ쳥쫽뻝튲쓜랴펳돶컒맺릤믡ퟩ횯뗄뇤잨쟩뿶ꆣ룹뻝맺볊샍릤ퟩ횯뗄쫽뻝ꎬ1985쓪컒맺쯹폐횰릤닎볓릤믡ퟩ횯뇈싊캪%ꎬ1995쓪헢튻뇈싊쿂붵쇋룶냙럖뗣ꆣ듋췢ꎬ볲 23 돌퇓풰.샍뚯맘쾵.놱뺩:훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦짧. 24 췵죎쿩.닌뇳.샍뚯헹틩낸볾죴룉컊쳢첽쳖[J].ꆶ뮪훐얩튵듳톧톧놨ꆷ. 25 GordonꎬRogerꎬand David Dꎮ Effects of Wage Distortions onthe TransitionꎺTheory and Evi—dence from China[J].European Economic Review , 1999 , —183ꎮ 26?듷붨훐?쿖뷗뛎훐맺쮽펪웳튵훷퇐뺿[J].ꆶ짧믡톧퇐뺿ꆷ.㈰〱⸵? 27 훜뎤돇.맘폚훐췢뫏웳튵훐샍맘쾵뗄뗷닩[R].짧믡뿆톧퇐뺿. . 6
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 떥뗘듓쫽뻝살뾴ꎬ컒맺웳튵벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈헽퓚훰늽랢햹ꎬ떫럇맺폐늿쏅뗄릤믡ퟩ횯쟩뿶뫍벯쳥킭틩뗄잩뚩쟩뿶뻹늻뺡죧죋틢ꆣ틔짏몣쫐캪샽ꎬ퓚샍뚯ꆢ릤믡ꆢ폐맘웳튵훷맜늿쏅뗄릲춬얬솦쿂ꎬ웳튵잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬쫽훰쓪짏짽ꆣ1995쓪뷶524럝ꎬ1996쓪훁1997쓪럖뇰캪2270럝ꎬ3716럝ꆣ1998쓪뗗듯4095럝ꎬ짦벰횰릤췲죋ꎬ웤훐맺폐ꆢ벯쳥웳튵횰릤췲죋ꎬ햼%ꆣ㈰〰쓪ㄱ퓂ꎬ샍뚯뫍짧믡놣헏늿훆뚨늢쿂랢쇋ꆶ릤벯쳥킭짌쪵탐냬램ꆷꎬ튪쟳퓚컒맺뺳쓚뗄룷샠웳튵췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ횰릤듺뇭폫웳튵듺뇭틀램뻍웳튵쓚늿릤럖엤훆뛈ꆢ릤럖엤탎쪽ꆢ릤쫕죫쮮욽뗈쫂쿮뷸탐욽뗈킭짌ꎬ퓚킭짌튻훂뗄믹뒡짏잩뚩릤킭틩뗄탐캪ꆣꆰ쪮컥볆뮮ꆱ훐튲쳡돶튪냑췆탐ꆰ횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆱퟷ캪맺닟ꆣ뷘횹떽㈰〷쓪뗗ꎬ좫맺릤벯쳥뫏춬잩뚩㌴⸳췲럝ꎬ뇈㈰〶쓪퓶볓ㄲ?ꎻ뢲룇웳튵㘲⸲췲볒ꎬ뇈㈰〶쓪퓶볓ㄸ?ꎬ뇈㈰〳쓪퓶볓ㄱ㈥ꎻ뢲룇횰릤㌹㘸⸶췲죋ꎬ뇈㈰〶쓪퓶볓㘥ꎬ뇈㈰〳쓪퓶볓?㈸ꆣ떫쒿잰ꎬ컒맺뗄벯쳥첸에훆뛈뮹뫜늻췪짆ꎬ춻돶컊쳢뇭쿖퓚ꎺ첸에믺훆늻췪짆ꎬ뫏춬뗄쪵킧탔늻잿ꎬ풼쫸솦늻릻ꎬ뫏춬싄탐쟩뿶늻샭쿫ꎬ횰릤좺훚뛔듋뗄죏뿉뛈늻룟ꆣ웤훐ퟮ듳뗄컊쳢쫇벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬쇷폚탎쪽ꎬ쓑틔햹뾪헦헽뗄첸에29ꆣ ㌮퇐뺿랽램 놾컄퓚킴ퟷ맽돌훐ꎬ닉폃쇋틔쿂벸훖퇐뺿랽램ꎺ?㌮?컄쿗퇐뺿램?놾컄퇐뺿뛔쿳쫇컒맺쿖뷗뛎릤뻶뚨믺훆룄룯훐ꎬ벯쳥첸에훆뛈뿉쓜랢믓뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ춨맽럖컶벯쳥첸에뫍벯쳥킭짌훆뛈랢햹뗄샭싛틔벰쪵볹ꎬ뗃돶뷡싛살뛔컒맺벯쳥첸에훆뛈뗄붨솢쳡돶붨틩ꆣ컄쿗퇐뺿뗄쇏훷튪럖캪죽샠ꎬ쫗쿈쫇컷랽맺볒샭싛컄쿗훐뗄뺭뗤샭싛캪컒맺췆뷸벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ췪짆릤뻶뚨믺훆뚼쳡릩쇋훘튪틀뻝ꆣ컄쿗퇐뺿뗄뗚뛾룶쇏살풴쫇맽좥톧헟퇐뺿쯹뗃돶뗄쿠맘뷡맻ꎬퟷ캪놾컄닎뾼뗄틀뻝뫍횸떼ꆣ뗚죽룶쇏뗄살풴쫇틔췹뗄튻킩뗷닩놨룦ꆢ헾뢮컄볾ꎬ쳡릩쇋컒맺췆뷸벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄듫쪩ꆢ킧맻틔벰쿖쪵컊쳢뗄쿨쪵닄쇏ꎬ살횧돖놾컄뗄싛뗣ꆣ?㌮?뺭볃톧폫맜샭톧뷡뫏 놾컄퓋폃샍뚯뺭볃샭싛뫍쿖듺죋솦풴맜샭샭싛랽램ퟛ뫏럖컶죧뫎붨솢뫍췪짆컒맺웳튵 28 엋풾.좫맺잩뚩릤쿮벯쳥뫏춬㌴⸳췲럝孎崮죋쏱죕놨⸲〰㠮〴⸱??29?췵탂붨?컢뺮쳯?맜쇖룹?샖헽훷뇠㈰〶쓪ꎺ짮?샍뚯맘쾵랢햹놨룦?놱뺩ꎺ짧믡뿆톧컄쿗돶냦짧⸲〰?쓪?퓂? 7
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 릤뻶뚨믺훆ꆣ닉폃뺭볃톧샭싛쒣탍ꆢ늩?쒣탍럖컶릤벯쳥첸에믺훆뛔릤뗄펰쿬ꎬ퓋폃죋솦풴맜샭샭싛첽쳖죧뫎붨솢웳튵캢맛릤맜샭쳥쾵ꆣ ㌮?맦랶럖컶폫쪵횤럖컶쿠뷡뫏?ퟛ뫏닉폃쾵춳럖컶ꆢ뇈뷏럖컶뗈퇐뺿랽램ꎬ냑맦랶럖컶뫍쪵횤럖컶뷡뫏퓋폃ꎬ붫샭싛펦폃폚쪵볹ꎬ퓚쪵볹볬퇩샭싛뫍뿉뾿뗄쪵횤럖컶믹뒡짏쳡돶뿉닙ퟷ탔뗄붨틩ꆣ?4.뒴탂뗣벰믹놾쮼슷?.뒴탂뗣 뷨본컷랽랢듯맺볒릤샭싛ꆢ벯쳥첸에샭싛틔벰벯쳥첸에훆뛈랢햹뗄쪵볹ꎬ퓚쿪쾸럖컶놾맺릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄샺쪷폫쿖ힴꎬ뷡뫏캢맛죋솦풴릤맜샭릤ퟷꎬ살첽쳖컒맺죧뫎붨솢뿆톧뫏샭뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆ꆣ놾컄뮹쯑벯쇋듳솿뗄쿨쪵뗄룷쪡뗘쫐췆뷸벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뗄뺭퇩ꆢퟶ램ꆢ좡뗃뗄돉킧틔벰쿠맘쫽뻝ꎬ웊컶쇋컒맺췆뷸벯쳥킭짌훆뛈맽돌훐돶쿖뗄컊쳢ꎬ춨맽첽쯷컊쳢뗄돉틲ꎬ쳡돶쿠맘붨틩ꆣ캪컒맺붨솢뫍췪짆릤벯쳥킭짌믺훆캪믹뒡뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ틔벰룼뫃뗄뷢뻶쫕죫럖엤닮뻠맽듳쳡릩쇋튻뚨뗄샭싛틀뻝뫍쪵볹틀뻝ꆣ .믹놾쮼슷 놾컄퇐뺿뗄싟벭뷡릹 벯컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄샺럖쳥컶첸ꎬ에컷샭싛벰뺭볃쒣탍랢햹쪵랽맺볒벯쳥첸에 쪷랢햹폫쿖ힴ?튵릤뻶볹뚨뛔믺컒훆맺훐퓚뗄췪웴짆쪾웳 훐맺뺭볃쳥훆룄룯뷸돌훐웳튵릤뻶뚨뗄뇤뮯ꎬ첽쯷릤뻶컒맺췪짆뫍췆뷸릤벯쳥뚨믺훆죽룶닣쏦뗄붨솢뫍췪짆첸에뗄뇘튪탔틔벰쿖ힴ 릹붨틔샍쮫랽뗄벯쳥첸에캪믹뒡ꎬ맺볒뫪맛뗷뿘쿂뗄쫐뎡뮯릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ탎돉릤헽뎣퓶뎤믺훆ꆣ 8
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 ㄠ뷨본ꎺ릤뻶뚨샭싛폫벯쳥첸에샭싛?맺볊샍릤ퟩ횯붫ꆰ릤30ꆱ뚨틥캪ꎺꆰ평튻캻맍훷뛔튻캻쫜맍헟ꎬ캪웤틑췪돉뫍붫튪췪돉뗄릤ퟷ믲틑쳡릩뗄릤ퟷ믲럾컱ꎬ뿉틔믵뇒뷡쯣늢평릲춬킭틩믲맺볒램싉믲쳵샽폨틔좷뚨뛸욾쫩쏦믲뿚춷맍펶뫏춬횧뢶뗄놨돪믲쫕죫ꆣꆱ 릤쫇튻룶뢴퓓뗄컊쳢ꆣ쯼볈뇪쪾ퟅ랽샍뚯솦돉놾뗄훷튪늿럖ꎬ튲쫇릤죋쫕죫뗄훷튪살풴ꆣ릤뻶뚨믺훆늻뷶뿉닺짺뺭볃펰쿬ꎬ뛸쟒튲뿉닺짺짧믡펰쿬ꆣ릤뻶뚨볈폫캢맛뺭볃쿠맘ꎬ폫웳튵뫍릤죋퓚헐울ꆢ믽벫탔뫍춶랽쏦뗄탐캪킧펦쿠맘ꎬ튲폫뫪맛뺭볃ꎨ춨믵엲헍ꆢ뻍튵ꆢ짺닺솦뫍쿻럑ꎩ쿠맘ꆣ?ㄮ?릤뻶뚨샭싛?릤뻶뚨샭싛퇐뺿뗄쫇퓵퇹틔뿆톧뗄틀뻝뫍랽램좷뚨릤퓚맺쏱쫕죫ꆢ웳튵쫕틦훐뗄뇈샽ꎬ늢틔뫏샭뗄랽쪽럖엤떽샍뚯헟쫖훐ꆣ쯼냼삨릤ퟜ솿뻶뚨샭싛뫍릤럖엤뻶뚨샭싛ꎬ릤ퟜ솿뻶뚨샭싛폖냼삨릤퓶솿뻶뚨샭싛뫍릤듦솿뻶뚨샭싛31ꆣ ㄮㄮ?쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒릤퓶솿뻶뚨샭싛?랢듯쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒뗄릤퓶솿뻶뚨샭싛죏캪ꎬ웳튵릤ퟜ뛮뗄퓶뎤싊늻쓜뎬맽웳튵뺻닺횵뗄퓶뎤싊ꎬ죋뻹쪵볊릤퓶뎤싊늻쓜뎬맽샍뚯짺닺싊뗄퓶뎤싊ꆣ 룹뻝컷랽뺭볃톧샭싛죏캪ꎬ쫊뛈뗄릤퓶뎤쓜릻춬쪱폐훺폚쪵쿖튻룶맺볒짧믡뺭볃랢햹뗄쯄듳쒿뇪ꎺ맺쏱뺭볃컈뚨퓶뎤ꎻ돤럖뻍튵ꎻ컯볛컈뚨ꎻ맺볊쫕횧욽뫢ꆣ웳튵릤ퟜ뛮뗄퓶뎤싊늻쓜뎬맽웳튵뺻닺횵뗄퓶뎤싊ꎬ죋뻹쪵볊릤퓶뎤싊늻쓜뎬맽샍뚯짺닺싊뗄퓶뎤싊ꎬ뿉틔놣돖쫊뛈뗄믽샛싊ꎬ놣횤맺쏱뺭볃뗄컈뚨퓶뎤ꎻ놣돖릤폫샍뚯짺닺싊뗄춬늽퓶뎤ꎬ닅쓜듙뷸뻍튵죋쫽퓶볓ꎻ릤퓶뎤맽뿬ꎬ뎬맽샍뚯짺닺싊뗄퓶뎤ꎬ죝틗틽웰춨믵엲헍ꎻ릤퓶뎤 30 놾컄훐뺭볃럖컶뚼쫇붨솢퓚쫐뎡뮯뗄믹뒡짏뗄ꎬ쯹틔퇐뺿뗄뛔쿳ꆰ웳튵ꎨ횰릤ꎩ릤ꆱ훷튪횸뗄쫇튻냣뺺헹탔뗄닺튵샍뚯놨돪ꎬ튲뻍쫇럇슢뛏닺튵뗄룷훖뺭볃돉럖뗄웳튵웕춨횰릤뗄릤쮮욽ꎬ떫퓚퇐뺿훐뿉틔믱좡떽뗄맙랽춳볆쓪본훐ꎬ컒맺쿖탐뗄릤춳볆랶캧횻쫇돇헲맺폐ꆢ벯쳥떥캻틔벰웤쯻맦쒣틔짏뗄웳튵ꎬ쎻폐냼삨릤쮮욽튻냣욫뗍ꆢ퓶뎤뷏싽뗄쮽펪웳튵뫍룶쳥릤짌뮧ꆣ룷훖뺭볃돉럖릫컱풱릤틔벰얩쏱쫕죫컊쳢튲늻퓚놾컄헂뗄쳖싛랶캧ꆣ 31 힣뻽뗈뇠.쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾쿂뗄웳튵릤맜샭.놱뺩:죋쏱폊뗧돶냦짧.. 9
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 싊뎬맽맺쏱쫕죫뫍샍뚯짺닺싊뗄퓶뎤ꎬ웳튵늻뗃늻쳡룟닺욷볛룱ꎬ뛸펰쿬쇋웳튵퓚맺볊쎳틗뺺헹훐뗄뗘캻ꎬ쪹맺볊쎳틗늻쓜듯떽욽뫢ꆣ쯹틔ꎬ놣돖쫊뛈뗄릤퓶뎤싊ꎬ뛔듙뷸쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒뗄뺭볃랢햹폐ퟅ훘튪뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ ㄮㄮ?쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒릤듦솿뻶뚨샭싛?쯹캽릤듦솿뻶뚨샭싛퇐뺿뗄쫇좷뚨릤햼뺻닺횵뗄뇈훘뗄믺훆ꎬ믲헟쮵좷뚨욽뻹릤쮮욽뗄믺훆ꆣ폫릤퓶솿뻶뚨샭싛퇐뺿릤뗄뚯첬퓶뎤늻튻퇹ꎬ쯼퇐뺿뗄쫇릤뗄뺲첬ힴ뿶ꆣ퓚컷랽뺭볃맺볒ꎬ햼훷쇷뗘캻뗄릤듦솿뻶뚨샭싛쫇뇟볊짺닺솦릤뫍뻹뫢볛룱릤싛ꆣ쇭췢ꎬ벯쳥첸에릤튲폐훘튪뗄펰쿬ꆣ ㄹ쫀볍뫳웚ꎬ쏀맺뺭볃톧볒풼몲ꆤ놴듄ꆤ뿋삭뿋퓚웤훸ퟷꆶ닆뢻뗄럖엤ꆷ훐쳡돶쇋뇟볊짺닺솦럖엤싛ꆣ쯻죏캪ꎬ샍뚯뫍놾ꎨ냼삨췁뗘ꎩ룷ퟔ뗄뇟볊짺닺솦뻶뚨쯼쏇룷ퟔ뗄닺욷볛횵ꎬ릤뻶뚨폚샍뚯뗄뇟볊짺닺솦ꆣ뿋삭뿋룹뻝뇟볊짺닺솦룅쓮살뷢쫍릤쮮욽ꎬ죏캪릤쮮욽쫇평ퟮ뫳ힷ볓뗄릤죋쯹짺닺뗄닺솿살뻶뚨ꎬ횻폐퓚릤죋쯹퓶볓뗄닺돶뗈폚뢶룸쯻뗄릤쪱ꎬ맍훷닅믡볈늻퓶맍튲늻복짙쯹쪹폃뗄릤죋ꆣ??탂맅뗤뺭볃톧엉뗄듺뇭죋컯낢뛻뢥샗뗂ꆤ십킪뛻틔릩쟳뻹뫢볛룱싛캪믹뒡ꎬ붨솢웰릩쟳뻹뫢릤싛ꎬ듓짺닺튪쯘뗄탨쟳뫍릩룸솽랽쏦살쮵쏷릤뗄쫐뎡뻶뚨믺훆ꆣ십킪뛻죏캪ꎬ릤쫇샍뚯헢룶짺닺튪쯘뗄뻹뫢볛룱ꎬ벴샍뚯뗄탨쟳볛룱뫍릩룸볛룱쿠뻹뫢뗄볛룱ꆣ듓튻뚨틢틥짏붲ꎬ십킪뛻뗄럖엤샭싛뗬뚨쇋뺭볃톧훐릤샭싛뗄믹뒡ꎬ웤뫳뗄탭뛠퇐뺿쫇퓚쯻쯹볙뚨뗄쫐뎡릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄믹뒡짏햹뾪뗄ꆣ?뗚뛾듎쫀뷧듳햽잰뫳ꎬ쯦ퟅ릤믡쫆솦퓚쏀맺뗈랢듯놾훷틥맺볒톸쯙퓶뎤ꎬ벯쳥첸에샭싛탋웰ꆣ벯쳥첸에뻍쫇틔릤죋벯췅ꆢ벴릤믡캪튻랽ꎬ틔맍훷믲맍훷벯췅캪쇭튻랽뷸탐뗄샍첸에ꆣ벯쳥첸에릤싛죏캪ꎬ폫웤쮵릤뻶뚨폚웤쯻쪲쎴틲쯘ꎬ늻죧쮵릤뻶뚨폚샍뚯솦쫐뎡짏샍쮫랽뗄솦솿뛔뇈ꆣ퓚릤튵뮯랢햹뗄돵웚ꎬ릤첸에쫇퓚맍훷뫍샍뚯헟룶죋횮볤룶뇰뷸탐뗄ꆣ평폚릤죋컞램뛴훆ퟔ벺쿠뮥횮볤뗄뺺헹ꎬ틲뛸컞램뗖뾹릤쿂붵뗄쟷쫆ꆣ릤죋횻쓜ퟩ횯웰살ꎬ춨맽릤믡듺뇭ퟔ벺뗄룼룟샻틦폫맍훷뫍맍훷벯췅ퟷ뚷헹ꆣ십뿋쮼훷틥톧헟뗄펢맺뺭볃톧볒쒪샯쮹ꆤ뛠늼ꎨ䴮䠮䑯扢ꎩꎬ쏀맺뺭볃톧볒뗋싥웕ꎨ䨮吮䑵湬潰ꎩꎬ亡ꑗꆤ헅늮싗ꎨ丮圮䍨慭扥牬慩?ꎩꎬ뛲뛻싼ꎨ䰮啬浡?ꎩ뫍䆡?샮쮹ꎨ䅬扥牴⁒敥?ꎩ뗈뚼뛔벯쳥첸에릤샭싛ퟶ돶맽훘튪뗄퇐뺿ꆣ? 10
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 ㄮㄮ?쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒릤럖엤뻶뚨샭싛?릤럖엤뻶뚨샭싛퇐뺿뗄쫇웳튵캪쇋랢믓릤뗄놣헏릦쓜뫍벤샸릦쓜ꎬ죧뫎틔뫏샭뗄랽쪽뛔횰릤룶죋뷸탐릤럖엤ꎬ벴웳튵릤훆뛈ꆣ릤럖엤뻶뚨샭싛죏캪ꎬ룷훖룚캻뗄샍뚯뛔죋쳡돶뗄튪쟳뿉틔맩쓉캪쯄룶튪쯘ꎬ벴샍뚯쓜솦ꆢ샍뚯퓰죎ꆢ샍뚯뢺뫉뫍샍뚯쳵볾ꆣ룷룶틲쯘뗄돌뛈늻춬ꎬ쯹뗃뗄릤튲펦늻춬ꆣ틲듋ꎬ횻튪뛔웳튵쯹폐뗄룚캻뷸탐샍뚯움볛ꎬ늢내튻뚨뗄뇪ힼ움뚨웤뗃럖쫽ꎬ좻뫳뻍뿉틔룹뻝룚캻샍뚯움볛뗄늻춬뗃럖좷뚨늻춬뗄릤ퟷ뗈벶ꆣ 틔짏쫇컷랽랢듯쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒틔췹뗄톧헟퓚뛔떱쪱짧믡뺭볃랢햹맽돌훐돶쿖뗄릤뻶뚨컊쳢뷸탐쮼뾼뗄믹뒡짏ꎬퟜ뷡쳡돶뗄죽훖훷튪샭싛ꎬ뛔컒맺퇐뺿릤뻶뚨믺훆폐ퟅ훘튪뗄샭싛틢틥ꎺ튻랽쏦ꎬ컒맺헽퓚쿲돉쫬뗄쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒뇤ꎬ틲듋짌욷쫐뎡볛룱뇘탫평쫐뎡뗄릩쟳믺훆살뻶뚨ꎬퟷ캪샍뚯헟볛룱뗄릤춬퇹뇘탫ퟱ톭헢룶맦싉ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵ꎬ퓚컒맺ꎬ샍뚯헟릤쮮욽뗄좷뚨볈튪틔샍뚯헟퓚닺욷훐뗄릱쿗ꆪ뇟볊짺닺솦캪틀뻝ꎬ춬쪱뇘탫싺ퟣ샍뚯헟캪캬돖ퟔ짭벰웤볒쫴짺듦쯹뇘탫뗄짺믮쇏뗄탨쟳ꆣ헢쫇컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨쯹뇘탫ퟱ톭뗄룹놾풭퓲ꆣ쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ뺡맜샍뚯헟릤쮮욽뗄룟뗍ퟮ훕쫇평샍뚯솦쫐뎡릩탨쮫랽뗄릲춬ퟷ폃뻶뚨뗄ꎬ떫쿖쪵훐펰쿬릤뗄뻶뚨틲쯘뫜뛠ꎬ벴폐뺭볃틲쯘폖폐훆뛈탔뗄틲쯘ꎬ뚼펰쿬ퟅ샍랽뫍랽퓚릤훐뻶뚨솦솿뛔뇈ꎬ늢ퟮ훕뻶뚨릤쮮욽뫍릤퓶뎤믺훆ꆣ?ㄮ?벯쳥첸에샭싛?ㄮ㈮?ꆰ벯쳥첸에ꆱ뫍ꆰ벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆱ룅쓮뗄쟸럖 벯쳥첸에쫇맺볊샍뚯ퟩ횯쪹폃뗄룅쓮ꎬ룹뻝맺볊샍릤ퟩ횯ㄹ㠱쓪춨맽뗄ㄵ?뫅릫풼ꆶ듙뷸벯쳥첸에릫풼ꆷ뗚?쳵맦뚨ꎬꆰ벯쳥첸에쫇횸냼삨쯹폐퓚튻쏻맍훷ꆢ튻룶맍훷좺쳥믲헟쫇튻룶틔짏뗄맍훷ퟩ횯춬튻룶믲뛠룶릤죋ퟩ횯횮볤뷸탐뗄첸에ꆱꆣ벯쳥첸에뗄쓚죝냼삨㩡?뻶뚨샍뚯쳵볾뫍뻍튵웚쿞ꎻ戮뗷헻맍훷뫍릤죋횮볤뗄맘쾵ꎻ挮뗷헻맍훷믲헟쯻쏇뗄ퟩ횯춬튻룶믲헟뛠룶릤죋ퟩ횯횮볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ벯쳥첸에뗄쒿뗄늻튻뚨쫇듯돉벯쳥뫏춬ꎬ튲폐뿉쓜쫇듙쪹샍쮫랽맘쾵뗄킭뗷ꆣ벯쳥첸에뗄튻룶훘튪쳵볾뻍쫇튪폐뛀솢ꆢퟔ평ퟩ돉뗄맍훷뫍릤죋ퟩ횯ꎬ뛸헢튻믹놾쳵볾퓚컒쏇맺볒쒿잰뮹늻쓜뗃떽쪵쿖ꆣ컒맺닎볓뗄ꆶ릫쏱좨샻뫍헾훎좨샻맺볊릫풼ꆷ훐뛔ퟔ평뷡짧쳵뿮뷸탐쇋놣쇴ꆣ??쒿잰컒맺퓚램싉뫍램맦훐쎻폐쪹폃벯쳥첸에뗄룅쓮ꎬ뛸튻횱쪹폃뗄쫇벯쳥킭짌뫍욽뗈킭 11
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 짌ꎬ늢붫벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬럅퓚튻웰뷸탐맦뚨뗄ꎬ뗷헻듋샠맘쾵뗄훷튪폐ꆶ벯쳥뫏춬맦뚨ꆷꎨㄹ㤴쓪ㄲ퓂?죕샍뚯늿랢늼ꎩꆢꆶ샍뚯늿맘폚뷸탐벯쳥킭짌잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬쫔뗣릤ퟷ뗄틢볻ꆷꎨㄹ㤴쓪ㄲ퓂?죕ꎩꆢꆶ릤믡닎볓욽뗈킭짌뫍잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬쫔탐냬램ꆷꆣ웤훐퓚ꆶ벯쳥뫏춬맦뚨ꆷ훐뗚?쳵쏷좷맦뚨ꆰ벯쳥킭짌쫇횸웳튵릤믡믲횰릤듺뇭ꎬ캪잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬뷸탐짌첸뗄탐캪ꆱꎬꆰ릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ쫇횸횰릤듺뇭폫웳튵듺뇭틀램뻍웳튵쓚늿릤럖엤훆뛈ꆢ릤럖엤탎쪽ꆢ릤쫕죋쮮욽뗈쫂쿮뷸탐욽뗈킭짌ꎬ퓚킭짌튻훂뗄믹뒡짏잩뚩릤ꆱꎨꆶ릤벯쳥킭짌쫔탐냬램ꆷꎩꆣ?평듋뿉볻ꎬ벯쳥킭짌폫벯쳥첸에늻떫퓚컄ퟖ짏늻춬ꎬ퓚몭틥짏튲늻춬ꎬ벯쳥킭짌폫맺볊샍릤ퟩ횯훆뚨뗄릫풼뫍붨틩쫩쯹돆뗄벯쳥첸에몭틥룼늻튻퇹ꆣ컒맺뗄벯쳥킭짌쫇뚩솢벯쳥뫏춬뗄튻룶돌탲ꎬ벯쳥킭짌뗄쒿뗄쫇뚩솢벯쳥뫏춬ꆣ평폚컒맺벯쳥킭짌훆뛈쿞뚨뗄랶캧뷏햭ꎬ쯹틔놾컄훐뇊헟닉폃벯쳥첸에헢튻룅쓮ꆣ놾컄훐쯹쪹폃뗄벯쳥첸에룅쓮뗈춬폚놾맺벯쳥킭짌믲욽뗈킭짌뗄룅쓮ꎬ횸뗄뚼쫇욽뗈뛀솢뗄샍뚯맘쾵훷쳥쮫랽퓚쿠뮥뫏ퟷ풭퓲뗄횸떼쿂ꎬ뻍샍뚯쳵볾뫍뻍튵쳵볾뷸탐짌첸늢춬쪱좷뚨쫩쏦킭틩믲뫏춬뗄맽돌ꆣ?ㄮ㈮?벯쳥첸에뗄뷡릹 벯쳥첸에뗄뷡릹뻍쫇횸첸에떥캻쯹퓚벶뇰믲닣듎ꆣ튻냣살쮵뿉럖캪죽훖ꎺ튻쫇훐퇫벶ꎬ평좫맺탔ퟜ릤믡춬좫맺맍훷킭믡첸에ꎻ뛾쫇닺튵ꎨ탐튵ꎩ벶ꎬ평좫맺탔닺튵릤믡춬쿠펦뗄닺튵맍훷ퟩ횯뷸탐첸에ꎻ죽쫇웳튵벶ꎬ평웳튵뗄릤믡춬웳튵뗄맍훷뷸탐첸에ꎬ웳튵벶뿉틔냼삨웳튵믲벯췅닣듎뗄첸에ꆢ릤뎧믲헟릤ퟷ뎡쯹뗄첸에ꎬ틔벰쿱펢맺뗄튻킩뗘랽돶쿖뗄뎵볤믲늿쏅뗄첸에ꆣ 펰쿬벯쳥첸에뷡릹뗄훷튪틲쯘폐ꎺ릤믡뫍맍훷ퟩ횯뗄쓚늿뷡릹뗄뷴쏜돌뛈ꎬ죧맻쓚늿뷡릹뷴쏜돌뛈룟ꎬ퓲첸에닣듎튲룟ꎬ벴닉폃훐퇫벶뇰믲닺튵벶뇰ꎬ죧ꎺ튻킩놱얷맺볒ꎻ죧맻쓚늿뷡릹뷴쏜돌뛈뗍ꎬ퓲첸에닣듎뗍ꎬ벴닉폃웳튵벶뇰ꎬ죧쏀맺ꆢ죕놾뗈맺ꆣ웳튵볤뺺헹뗄벤쇒돌뛈ꎬ튻냣뛸퇔ꎬ죧맻웳튵볤뺺헹돌뛈룟ꎬ퓲첸에닣듎뗍ꎻ쿠펦뗘ꎬ죧맻웳튵볤뺺헹돌뛈쿠뛔뗍ꎬ첸에닣듎뻍룟ꎬ죧컷ꆢ놱얷맺볒ꆣ웳튵퓚쫐뎡훐뗄뗘캻ꎬ죧맻튪뷸탐첸에뗄웳튵쫇쫴폚슢뛏탔웳튵ꎬ퓲잿뗷탐튵첸에ꎻ죧맻캪럇슢뛏탔웳튵ꎬ웳튵뫍맍풱뚼쿠뛔펦욫뫃뗘쟸믲웳튵첸에ꎻ죧맻캪훐킡웳튵ꎬ퓲잿뗷웳튵첸에ꆣ 퓚쫐뎡뺭볃맺볒ꎬ벯쳥첸에뷡릹쫇뛠퇹뛸뢴퓓뗄ꎬ첸에벶뇰틲맺뛸틬ꎬ뿉틔퓚웳튵벶뇰 12
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 짏뻙탐ꎬ튲뿉틔퓚탐튵벶뇰햹뾪ꎬ뿉틔쫇럖즢뗄ꎬ튲뿉틔쫇벯훐쪽뗄ꆣ뺭볃톧볒뾨뛻쒷뢱뛻쮹뫍뗂뛻샻뛻퓸뺭춨맽뛔컷랽훷튪맺볒쿠맘쫽뻝뗄퇐뺿ꎬ뷒쪾쇋첸에벯훐뛈폫쪧튵싊횮볤듦퓚튻훖췕럥탍맘쾵ꎨ춼1ꎩꆣ듓뻍튵뗄뷇뛈짏ꎬ죏캪컞싛헾뢮쫇럱닎폫킭뗷ꎬ웳튵벶뫍훐퇫벶뗄첸에뚼놻죏캪폅폚닺튵닣듎뗄뻖늿킭뗷ꆣ퓚쪵볹훐ꎬ훐퇫벶뇰믲닺튵벶뇰첸에횮쯹틔쫜떽맍훷쟠ꎬ쫇틲캪쯼쓜폐킧뇜쏢릤쮮욽뗄뺺헹ꎬ릤뗄퓶뎤튲늻폫웳튵쪵볊횧뢶쓜솦맒릳ꎬ틲뛸폐샻폚볓잿맍훷뗄첸에솦솿ꎻ뛸뛔샍랽살붲ꎬ헢훖뫃뒦뮹뇭쿖퓚릤믡죝틗붫풱릤헙벯웰살ꎬ톡뻙듺뇭ꆢ쳽좡틢볻ꆢ쳖싛쳡낸ꆢ탎돉뻶틩뗈뚼뿉뷸탐뷏룟킧싊닙ퟷꎬ늢쟒뛔폚퓶잿샍랽첸에솦솿튲쫇늻퇔뛸폷뗄ꆣ 춼ꎱ?첸에벯훐뛈폫쪧튵싊횮볤뗄튻훖췕럥탍맘쾵㌲?? 듳뛠쫽컷얷뫍놱얷맺볒ꎬ냼삨뗂맺ꆢ틢듳샻ꆢ뫉삼ꆢ죰뗤ꆢ얲췾뫍럒삼뗈ꎬ첸에벯훐뛈룟ꎬ듳뛠쪵탐뛀솢폚웳튵횮췢뗄탐튵랶캧뗄훐퇫벶뇰믲닺튵벶뇰첸에훆뛈ꎬ평맍훷킭믡듺뇭놾탐튵뗄떥룶맍훷뷸탐첸에ꎬ잩뚩벯쳥킭틩ꆣ 뛸튻킩맺볒죧펢맺ꆢ쏀맺ꆢ죕놾뗈맺볒퓲틔웳튵벶첸에캪훷ꎬ벯쳥첸에럖즢뛈룟ꆣ웳튵벶뗄벯쳥첸에튲폐쯼뗄폅쫆ꎬ럖즢뮯뗄벯쳥첸에뿉틔룼뫃뗘쫊펦늻춬닺튵뫍웳튵뗄쪵볊쟩뿶ꎬ쳡룟웳튵뗄뺺헹솦ꆣ늿럖릤죋뫍릤믡ퟩ횯죏캪럖즢뮯뗄벯쳥첸에뿉틔쳡룟ퟔ벺뗄쫕죫쮮욽ꆣ 쒿잰ꎬ쯦ퟅ뺭볃헾훎룱뻖뗈펰쿬틲쯘뗄늻뛏뇤뮯ꎬ릤첸에튲돊쿖뛠닣듎뗄쟷쫆ꎬ튻랽쏦쫇폐맘맺볒쫕죫헾닟뗄죽랽쳵풼믲킭틩ꎨ볌뛸퓚뷏뗍닣듎ퟷ캪뿲볜쪹폃ꎩꎬ폫퓚룼볓럖즢뮯뗄닣벶뷸탐뗄폐맘릤뗄첸에쿠뷡뫏ꆣ쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ맺볊샍릤뻖볒퇐뺿뇭쏷ꎬ맺볊짏릤뻶뚨맽돌뗄좨솦쿂럅쫇튻훖쟷쫆ꆣ퓚탭뛠럇훞맺볒ꎬ웳튵튻벶뗄첸에틑뺭짏짽캪훷튪첸에ꎬ헻 32 , Structure. Corporatism and. Macroeconomic Performance[J].Economic Policy , 1988(6)ꎬP14-61. 13
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 룶삭뚡쏀훞튲돶쿖쇋샠쯆뗄쟷쫆ꆣ춬퇹ꎬ퇇훞뻸듳뛠쫽벯쳥첸에킭틩쫇퓚웳튵튻벶듯돉뗄ꆣ퓚튻킩얷훞맺볒ꎬ죧뗂맺ꎬ샽췢쳵뿮믲헟뾪럅탔쳵뿮쪹맍훷뫍릤죋듺뇭뿉틔첸돉뇈퓚뗘쟸뫍맺볒튻벶뗄벯쳥킭틩뻟폐뷏짙폅쫆뗄웳튵튻벶뗄킽돪뫍릤ퟷ쳵볾ꆣ ㄮ㈮?릤믡쏜뛈벰벯쳥첸에뢲룇싊 릤믡쏜뛈뗈폚닎볓릤믡뗄릤샍뚯헟햼좫늿릤샍뚯헟뗄뇈샽ꎻ벯쳥첸에뢲룇싊뗈폚놻벯쳥킭틩뢲룇뗄릤샍뚯헟뇈샽ꆣ룷룶맺볒늻춬뗄램싉풼쫸뫍훆뛈놳뺰믡퓬돉릤믡쏜뛈뫍벯쳥첸에뢲룇싊쮮욽폐뫜듳닮뇰ꆣ샽죧ꎬ퓚냄듳샻퇇ꎬ탂컷삼ꎬ쏀맺뫍펢맺ꎬ램싉퓊탭벯쳥킭틩쟸뇰뛔듽닎볓릤믡뗄샍뚯헟뫍캴닎볓릤믡뗄샍뚯헟ꎬ듓뛸폐샻폚릤믡돉풱ꎬ쯹틔뿉틔뾴떽릤믡쏜뛈뫍벯쳥첸에뢲룇싊쮮욽쿠닮늻듳ꎻ쿠랴ꎬ램맺뫍컷냠퇀ꎬ컞좨뛔릤믡돉풱뫍럇믡풱샍뚯헟쪵탐쟸뇰뛔듽ꆣ헢뻍뿉틔퓚뫜듳돌뛈짏뷢쫍쏷쿔뷏뗍릤믡쏜뛈뫍룟벯쳥첸에뢲룇싊횮볤뗄닮뻠ꆣ떫쫇릤믡퓚램맺뻟폐뻙ퟣ쟡훘뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ틲캪룹뻝램싉ꎬ릤믡놻쫚폨퓚벯쳥첸에훐듺뇭샍뚯헟ⴭⴭ?퓚맍풱㔰틔짏뗄웳튵샯뇘탫ퟩ횯벯쳥첸에ꆣ헢훖쟩뿶쮵쏷퓚컷랽훷튪릤튵맺볒훐ꎬ잿듳뗄릤믡쫇벯쳥첸에훆뛈쪵쪩뗄훘튪ퟩ횯놣횤㌳ꆣ?벯쳥첸에뗄킧싊럖컶 컷랽뺭볃톧볒춨맽뛔벯쳥첸에쒣탍뗄퇐뺿ꎬ듳뛠뺭볃톧볒쏇뗃돶쇋벯쳥첸에뛔릤퓶뎤틔벰뫍킳샍뚯맘쾵뗈랽쏦쫇폐믽벫뗄펰쿬뗄ꎬ떫뛔뻍튵ꎬ짺닺싊뗄폐ퟅ늻좷뚨뗄펰쿬ꆣ?愮릤믡쳖볛뮹볛쪵솦폐훺폚릤짏헇ꎬ늢뿉쓜복짙쪧튵싊ꆣ뻍릤ꆢ릤훆뚨폫뻍튵횮볤뗄뢴퓓맘쾵뛸퇔ꎬ룹뻝맺볊샍릤뻖퇐뺿랢쿖ꎬ룷맺횮볤듦퓚ퟅ훘듳닮틬ꆣ튻킩맺볒춨맽릤떯탔뛔뺭볃돥믷뷸탐뗷헻ꎬ쇭튻킩퓲춨맽뻍튵떯탔뷸탐뗷헻ꆣ쫂쪵짏ꎬ릤떯탔ꎨ벴릤룹뻝뺭볃뗄벨킧ퟔ뚯짏쿂뢡뚯ꎩ폫뻍튵떯탔쿠뇈늢캴뗃떽뛠짙랢햹ꆣ뻍튵떯탔좴뻟폐룼뛠뗄맍폃뫍뷢맍ퟔ평ꆣ릤떯탔튲뻟폐뷏짙돌뛈뗄릤쪱떯탔ꆣ쿠랴ꎬ랢햹쟷쫆쫇벯쳥첸에킭틩뷓쫜릤뷚훆ꎬ틔뇜쏢뻍튵쯰쪧믲냑쯰쪧붵떽ퟮ뗍돌뛈ꆣ쯹틔폐뿉쓜평폚쮫랽뗄췗킭ꎬ쒳훖돌뛈짏붵뗍쇋듇횰싊ꆣ?戮벯쳥첸에폐샻폚컈뚨샍맘쾵ꆣ퓚릤늩?맽돌훐ꎬ뺭맽뛠듎첸에ꎬ쮫랽믡늻뛏탞룄틔잰뗄풼뚨ꎬ쪹뗃쮫랽뗄샻틦뚼믡뗃떽룄짆ꎬ킧폃튲뗃떽돖탸뗄룄뷸ꎻ춬쪱ꎬ첸에쯹닺짺뗄 33 ?램?욤낣뛻ꆤ뾨뫕뿋?낲뗂쇒ꆤ웫뛻놴뛻늩룱?샍뚯뺭볃톧?짲컄틫?짏몣?짏몣닆뺭듳톧돶냦짧⸲〰㜮㠮? 14
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 뫏풼튲믡풽살풽폐샻폚웳튵훐횰릤뗄짺닺벼쓜뗄쳡룟ꆢ뺭펪헟맜샭쮮욽뗄룄짆ꎬ웳튵뗄짺닺싊뗄퓶볓ꎬ튲쪹맍훷폐쇋틽뷸벤샸믺훆ꆢ닉좡벤샸듫쪩뗄뚯솦ꆣ?죧맻릤믡늻쓜뻍첸에짌뚨뗄릤ퟶ돶돐억ꎬ쓇쎴ꎬ릤믡뗄쳖볛뮹볛쪵솦믡뛔춶닺짺뢺킧펦ꆣ쯹틔맍훷뇘탫뫍릤믡ퟩ횯듯돉뎤웚뗄돐억ꆣ샍맘쾵ퟷ캪맍훷폫맍풱춳튻뗄첸에뷡맻ꎬ실쪵맍풱좺쳥뛔릤ꆢ짧믡놣헏ꆢ릤ퟷ뮷뺳뗄춳튻튪쟳ꎬ솢ퟣ폚웳튵뗄쪵볊쟩뿶ꎬ맍풱좺쳥폫맍훷첸에틔좷뚨릤ꆢ짧믡놣헏ꆢ릤ퟷ뮷뺳뗈첸에쳵뿮퓚뛌웚쓚쓑틔쯦쫐뎡뗄릩쟳늨뚯뛸뇤뚯ꎬ헢킩첸에뗄쓚죝쫇쿠뛔컈뚨뗄ꎬ쫇믡쯦웳튵뫍쫐뎡뗄뇤뚯뛸뇤뚯ꆣ헢퇹ꎬ맍훷폫맍풱쮫랽잩뚩뗄폐맘릤쫕죫ꆢ짧믡놣헏뗈쳵뿮ꎬ튲믡쯦횮랢짺뇤뮯ꆣ쯹틔ꎬ벯쳥킭짌첸에쫇튻훖믹폚뎤웚돐억뗄붻틗탐캪ꎬ쯻뷢뻶쇋볛룱믺훆늻쓜뷢뻶뗄튻킩컊쳢ꆣ쯹틔퓚놣뮤샍뚯헟좨틦ꎬ듙뷸샍뚯맘쾵ꎬ쳡룟웳튵풱릤뗄컈뚨탔랽쏦폐훘튪뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ쇏쿔쪾ꎬ컷랽맺볒럖뫬쳥훆ꎨ킽돪뗄뿉뇤늿럖횱뷓폫웳튵벨킧뗄쒳훖뫢솿돟뛈맒릳ꎩ뗄랢햹튲쫇폐쒿릲뛃뗄ꎬ폈웤쫇퓚쏀맺뫍얷쏋ꎬ떫ퟮ돵쪼폚펢맺뫍램맺ꎬ볌뛸랢햹떽쾣산ꆢ컷냠퇀뫍웤쯻맺볒ꆣ맍훷틽죫룃쳥훆훷튪쫇캪좡뗃룃쳥훆뛔맍풱돐억뗄믽벫킧맻ꎬ뛸얷훞룷믺릹춬쪱튲잿뗷웤뛔짺닺솦뫍컈뚨맍풱뛓컩뗄믽벫킧맻34ꆣ 挮벯쳥첸에뛔짺닺싊듦퓚헢늻좷뚨뗄펰쿬ꆣ춨맽짏쏦뗄싛쫶ꎬ컒쏇횪뗀릤믡쓜붵뗍횰릤뗄듇횰싊ꎬ퓶볓웳튵횰릤뗄낲좫룐ꎬ뿉틔뛔탂풱릤쪵쪩럇헽쪽뗄엠통ꎬ헢뚼폐샻폚쳡룟횰릤뗄짺닺싊ꆣ뛔폚웳튵뗄맜샭닣뛸퇔ꎬ릤믡뮯듙쪹웳튵캪쇋퓚싺ퟣ릤믡뗄릤튪쟳뗄춬쪱놣돖펯샻뛸쳡룟맜샭킧싊ꎨ䍬慲?ꎬ‱㤸?ꎩꆣ뛸쟒릤믡뗄벯쳥첸에튲캪맜샭닣쳡릩쇋튻훖탅쾢쟾뗀ꎬ뿉틔냯훺맜샭닣횪뗀쳡룟짺닺싊뗄춾뺶ꆣ뛸튻킩죋죏캪릤믡ퟩ횯믡춨맽닎폫맜샭뛸쪹웳튵뗄릤ퟷ훆뛈붩뮯ꎬ떱랢짺벯쳥첸에럖웧쪱ꎬ릤믡ퟩ횯뗄냕릤믮뚯튲믡퓬돉닺돶뗄쯰쪧ꎬ뛸쟒릤믡놾짭뗄릤폅쫆떼훂샍뚯솦뗄엤훃킧싊쯰쪧ꎬ퓚릤믡늿쏅릤쳡룟뗄춬쪱ꎬ튲펰쿬쇋럇릤믡늿쏅맍풱릤뗄쳡룟ꆣퟮ훕쳡룟쇋헻룶샍뚯솦쫐뎡뗄볛룱ꎬ쪹뗃킧싊쫜쯰ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ떽뗗쫇짺닺킧싊쯰쪧뮹쫇퓶볓ꎬ좴컞램좷뚨ꆣ?d.벯쳥첸에훆뛈폐샻폚쯵킡쫕죫닮뻠ꆣ퇐뺿벯쳥첸에퓚컒맺릤뻶뚨믺훆훐뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ폐뇘튪뾼싇벯쳥첸에뛔웳튵훐늻춬샠뇰샍뚯솦릤닮뇰뗄펰쿬ꆣ뇪ힼ쫕죫샫닮쫇닢쯣룷훖쫕죫캧죆욽뻹쫕죫샫즢돌뛈뗄횸뇪ꆣ컒쏇뿉틔춨맽붨솢쫽톧쒣탍닢쯣릤믡릤샫닮뗄뇤뮯ꎬ럖컶 34 샽죧얷훞캯풱믡⠱㤹㈠쓪?ꎺ듙뷸맍풱닎폫럖뫬뫍웳튵돉맻ꎬ짧믡훷틥얷훞ꎬ늹뇠㌯㤱㬠얷훞샭쫂믡ꎺㄹ㤲?쓪㜠퓂㈷?죕샭쫂믡맘폚듙뷸맍풱닎폫럖뫬뫍웳튵돉맻뗄붨틩ꎬ얷훞짧쟸웚뾯ꎬ뗚⹎漮⁌′㐵Ⱐㄹ㤲?쓪㠠퓂㈶?죕ꆣ틠볻얷훞캯풱믡뫍룄짆짺믮뫍릤ퟷ쳵볾얷훞믹뷰폐맘뷰죚닎폫뗄뚨웚돶냦컯?훷튪쫇ㄹ㤷쓪瑨攠偅偐䕒⁉䤬′〰?쓪瑨攠偅偐䕒⁉䥉?ꆣ 15
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 벯쳥첸에훆뛈뛔쯵킡릤럖엤닮뻠뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ?벯쳥첸에튻냣튪몭룇짺닺싊쳘헷쿠틬뗄샍뚯헟ꆣ춨뎣ꎬ춬튻릤믡튪듺뇭벼쓜쮮욽늻춬뗄믡풱ꆣ컒쏇춨맽쒣탍뗄붨솢살횤쏷벯쳥첸에쒣탍쿔쪾튻훖릤뒫능ꎨ쿠뛔폚내뇟볊짺닺싊릤뛸퇔ꎩ뗄쟣쿲ꆣ?떱뎧짌횧뢶뗄릤뗈폚w쪱ꎬ쓇놻맍폃뗄믡풱룶쳥뿉듯떽뗄킧폃쮮욽뗈폚v(w)ꆣ?볙짨튻룶맍펶솽샠맍풱ꎨ椽?ꎬ?ꎩ뗄뎧짌ꆣ맍풱뗄쫕죫평?ꎨ??ꎬ??ꎩ룸돶ꎬ웤훐??듺뇭뗚?샠맍풱뗄죋쫽ꎬ뛸?쫇튻룶맘폚웤쎿룶ퟔ뇤솿뗝퓶뗄낼몯쫽ꆣ뗚튻샠맍풱뗄짺닺싊룟폚뗚뛾샠맍풱ꆣg∈[0ꎬ1]뇭쪾릤믡퓚뻍튵첸에웚볤뗄쳖볛뮹볛쪵솦ꆣ룹뻝볙짨ꎬ릤?椠듺뇭릤ꎬ폐w1fw2ꎬ뎧짌맍펶?샠죋ퟜ쫽쫇??ꎬvs캪릤믡쒿뇪뗄풤웚킧폃ꆣ쓇쎴튻룶듺뇭좫쳥맍풱뗄릦샻훷틥릤믡뗄쒿뇪몯쫽캪ꎺ?2g∑Luw)+(N−L)u(w+b),?v(L≤Niiiiiiiisi=1††††††††††††††ꎨ1. 1ꎩ??퓚헢룶몯쫽훐ꎬ?椠뇭쪾뎧짌횧뢶룸뗚?샠맍풱뗄쫂튵놣쿕뢣샻ꆣ룹뻝릤폫뻍튵첸에뗍킧싊쒣탍뫍룟킧싊쒣탍ꎬ컒쏇볙뚨첸에뻟폐룟킧싊ꎬ헢틢캶ퟅ첸에믡틲맍풱퇡뛱럧쿕뛸떼훂컞닮틬풭퓲짺킧ꆣ틲듋ퟮ폅뫏춬뇘좻싺ퟣw=w+biiꎬ椽?ꎬ㈮?폚쫇틽죫릫샭램ꎬ킴ퟷ?22ma1x[R(L1,L2)−∑(wL+−gbN)][∑N[u(w+b)−u(wg)]]iiiiiii(b1,b2,L1,L2)=1=†??0≤L≤N,i=1,2ii†††††††?†††††††††††††††††? ꎨ1. 2ꎩ?쇮춨맽쓉쪲ힼ퓲뗄뛔쫽맘폚L?ꎬb 椠뗄떼쫽뗈폚0살쟳뗃ꎺ?dR(L1,L2)=w,i=1,2idx†††††††††††††††††††††††?ꎨ1. 3ꎩ?2(1−g)[∑N[u(w+b)−u(w)]]iiiiuw+bi=1'(,=1,2ii2g[R(L1,2)−∑(wL+bN)]iiiii=1†††††††††? ꎨ1. 4ꎩ ꎨꎩ쫇룟킧싊첸에볙짨뗄뷡맻ꆣ쯻뇭쪾쎿샠맍풱뗄뇟볊짺닺싊뗈폚쯻쏇뗄놣쇴릤ꎺ 16
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 폚쫇쎿튻벼쓜샠뇰뗄짺닺싊쳵볾뗃떽싺ퟣꆣꎨꎩ뗈뫅폒뇟쫇튻룶뛀솢폚?뗄몯쫽ꎬ쯹틔솽샠맍풱뗄릤쿠춬캪w=w+biiꆣ평폚좫쳥릤믡믡풱욫뫃쿠춬ꎬ늢쟒뛔릤믡쒿뇪뻟폐쿠춬뗄펰쿬ꎬ틲듋몯쫽嘨??ꎨ뇭쪾룶죋욫뫃뗄몯쫽ꎩ뗄낼탔떼훂릤믡ퟜ쫇욫뫃쳡릩쿠춬뗄릤뫏춬35ꆣ틲듋ꎬ벯쳥첸에쓜릻쯵킡쿠뛔폚쎿룶맍풱믱뗃웤놣쇴릤wi뗄뺺헹ힴ첬뛸퇔뗄릤샫닮ꆣ늻맽횵뗃힢틢뗄쫇ꎬ헢훖늻춬샠뇰뗄샍뚯솦뻹뗈뮯퓚럇뎣퇏룱뗄볙짨쿂닅뿉쓜쪵쿖ꆣ뛔폚뷶쿞폚릤첸에춨뎣믡닺짺늻춬뗄뫳맻ꎬ틲캪쎿튻샠샍뚯솦뗄릤뮹뻶뚨폚웤탨쟳떯탔ꆣ헢룶쒣탍쮵쏷쇋벯쳥첸에뻟폐쿞뚨릤닮뻠삩듳뮯뗄잱퓚킧펦ꆣ놻벯쳥킭틩뢲룇뗄릤ퟷ떥캻릤뷡릹뇈웤쯻떥캻뇢욽ꆣ?쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ컒쏇퓚샍뚯뺭볃톧ꎬ횰튵룴샫샭싛훐뗃횪ꎺ놻벯쳥킭틩뢲룇뗄샍뚯헟쓜릻헵떽뷏룟뗄릤ꎬ헢퇹벯쳥첸에붫믡삩듳헻룶뺭볃훐뗄샫즢뛈ꆣ쯹틔벯쳥킭틩뛔릤샫즢뗄펰쿬늻뺭맽럖컶컞램에뛏웤랽쿲ꆣ떫쫇컒쏇뿉틔퓚튻킩컄쿗훐뾴떽ꎬ싞쯷뛷ꎨRowthornꎬ1992ꎩꆢ늼샍ꎨBlau and Kahnꎬ1996ꎩ뫍뾨뛷ꎨKahnꎬ1998ꎬ2000ꎩ룹뻝뺭뫏ퟩ횯돉풱맺쫽뻝퇐뺿뷒쪾쇋릤믡쏜뛈믲벯쳥킭틩뢲룇싊폫릤늻욽뗈횮볤뗄쿠맘탔ꆣ헢킩톧헟뗄퇐뺿뷡맻쿔쪾ꎬ훆뛈틲쯘뗄뇤뮯ꎬ릤늻욽뗈폐뿉쓜쯦횮랢짺뇤뮯ꆣ70쓪듺쒩훁90쓪듺돵ꎬ쏀맺뫍펢맺뗄릤믡쏜뛈뫍벯쳥킭틩뢲룇싊벱뻧쿂붵ꆣ튻킩뺭볃톧볒랢쿖ꎬ릤믡뮯돌뛈쿂붵뿉틔퓚튻뚨돌뛈짏뷢쫍쏀맺릤닮뻠뗄삩듳ꆣ 맺볊짏쪵횤퇐뺿쿔쪾ꎬ웹뷱캪횹뗄펵폐잿폐솦뗄벯쳥첸에믺훆ꎨ냼삨릤믡뫍맍훷ퟩ횯ꎩ뗄맺볒ꎬ웤쫕죫럖엤뗄닮뻠튲뷏킡36ꆣ춨맽퓶볓샍뚯솦쫐뎡뗍뛋뗄릤쮮욽ꎬ릤믡쏜뛈뮹뛔욽뗈닺짺쇋펰쿬37ꆣ튻킩맺볒릤닮뻠삭듳ꆢ릤럝뛮복짙ꎬ늿럖풭틲뿉쓜쫇릤믡돉풱뗄복짙틔벰벯쳥첸에뢲룇싊뗄쿂붵ꆣ헢튻쿖쿳퓚탭뛠맺볒뚼듦퓚ꎬퟮ쏷쿔뗄뇤뮯랢짺퓚탍맺볒ꎬ죧뛭맺ꆢ컚뿋삼ꎬ틔벰훐퇇ꆢ훐얷뚫얷뫍뚫쓏얷뗄튻킩맺볒ꎬ튲듦퓚폚퓧웚뗄얷쏋돉풱맺ꆣ웹뷱캪횹ꎬ컷얷맺볒릤럝뛮뗄복짙뗍폚쏀맺ꎬ릤닮뇰튲킡폚쏀맺ꆣ춨뎣죏캪헢쫇평폚벯쳥첸에퓚컷얷맺볒랢믓쇋룼듳뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ 뿉볻ꎬ짏쫶뺭볃쒣탍틔벰맺볊짏뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뇭쏷벯쳥첸에뛔폚컒맺탎돉뫏샭뗄릤뻶뚨 N1uwN+2uwN≤u12()1()2[wN1+w2]35 헢룶탔훊뿉폃늻뗈쪽살횤쏷ꎺN1+2N1N1+N2N1+N2죧맻잩쫰튻럝쿲좫쳥맍풱횧뢶쿠춬릤ꎨ늻뗈쪽폒뇟ꎩ뗄뫏춬ꎬ쓇쎴룹뻝쓉쪲ힼ퓲ꎬ릤믡뗄릱쿗룼듳ꆣ 36 䡡祴敲⁓ꎬ?헾닟헻뫏쮾ꎬ맺볊샍릤ퟩ횯?쫀뷧튻쳥뮯훐뗄벯쳥첸에폫쫕죫욽뗈?ꆶ샍릤뷌폽ꆷ⸲〰㈮〳ꎨㄲ?ꎩ 37 Blau 뫍Kahnꎬ헾닟헻뫏쮾ꎬ맺볊샍릤ퟩ횯.쫀뷧튻쳥뮯훐뗄벯쳥첸에폫쫕죫욽뗈.ꆶ샍릤뷌폽ꆷ.ꎨ128ꎩ 17
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 믺훆ꎬ쯵킡쫕죫럖엤닮뻠뗄쪵볹쫇뻟폐믽벫뗄횸떼틢틥뗄ꆣ ? 18
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 ?㈠럖컶ꎺ컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆랢햹폫쿖ힴ?㈮?웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆?㈮ㄮ?볆뮮뺭볃쿂웳튵릤뗄뻶뚨믺훆 듓붨맺뾪쪼떽룄룯뾪럅틔잰ꎬ컒맺쪵탐뗄쫇룟뛈벯훐춳튻뗄볆뮮뺭볃쳥훆ꆣ평폚짌욷뺭볃놻뾴ퟷ쫇ퟌ짺닺뷗벶뗄췁죀뛸쫜떽벫듳뗘쿞훆ꎬ쪵볊짏쫇튻훖닺욷뺭볃쳥훆ꆣ헢뻶뚨쇋웳튵릤뗄뻶뚨믺훆뇘좻쫇튻훖룟뛈벯훐뗄릤볆뮮뻶뚨랽쪽ꆣ 컒맺뗄짧믡훷틥쪵볹쫇내헕뺭뗤십뿋쮼훷틥쒣쪽ꎬ뷨본쯕솪뗄ퟶ램붨솢웰살뗄ꆣ릤뻶뚨샭싛ꎬ뻍쫇내헕십뿋쮼쯹짨쿫뗄ꆰ내샍럖엤ꆱ샭싛짨볆뗄ꆣ내헕십뿋쮼뗄맛뗣ꎬ내샍럖엤뗄쓚몭쫇ꎺ짧믡쫕죫뷸탐쇹쿮뿛돽뫳ꎬ쎿룶짺닺헟뗄럖엤쪵탐냍샨릫짧뗄릤풭퓲ꎬ벴ꆰ듓릫짧캯풱웰ꎬퟔ짏뛸쿂튻쟐릫횰죋풱ꎬ뚼횻펦쇬좡쿠떱릤죋릤뗄킽뷰ꆱꆣ 붨맺틔뫳떽룄룯뾪럅틔잰ꎬ컒맺웳튵릤릤ퟷ뗄샺쪷뺭퇩뇭쏷ꎺ횻폐죏헦쪵탐ꆰ룷뺡웤쓜ꎬ내샍럖엤ꆱ풭퓲ꎬ닅쓜뗷뚯횰릤뗄믽벫탔ꎬ듙뷸뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎻ랴횮ꎬ늻죏헦쪵탐헢튻풭퓲ꎬ믲헟웆뮵헢튻풭퓲ꎬ뻍믡듬짋횰릤뗄믽벫탔ꎬퟨ낭짵훁웆뮵뺭볃뗄랢햹ꆣ a.릤맜샭랽쪽ꆣ퓚볆뮮뺭볃쿂ꎬ웳튵릤ퟜ뛮훃폚횸쇮탔뗄릤볆뮮뿘훆뫍맜샭횮쿂ꆣ믹놾냬램쫇퓚쓪돵좷뚨릤ퟜ뛮볆뮮ꎬ닣닣쿂듯ꎬ훰벶럖뷢실쪵ꎬ쓪쒩짳볆볬닩ꎬ뛠췋짙늹ꆣ쪵탐릤믹뷰맜샭38ꎬ쫇놣횤릤볆뮮쪵쿖뗄훘튪듫쪩ꆣ b.릤룄룯뫍릤뗷헻ꆣ퓚뒫춳볆뮮뺭볃쳥훆쿂ꎬ웳튵릤폫믺맘쫂튵떥캻뗄릤튻퇹ꎬ평맺볒횱뷓뿘훆ꎬ듓릤ퟜ뛮떽릤쮮욽ꎬ뚼좡뻶폚맺볒뗄탐헾횸쇮ꆣ횰릤릤쎿튻듎뷏듳뗄퓶뎤ꎬ벸뫵뚼쫇춨맽릤룄룯뫍릤뗷헻쪵쿖뗄ꆣ 1952쓪잰뫳ꎬ컒맺뷸탐쇋뗚튻듎좫맺탔릤룄룯ꆣ튻쫇럏돽쇋뻉훐맺틅쇴뗄릤훆뛈ꎬ뛾쫇뗷헻쇋뷢럅쟸퇘폃쿂살뗄럖엤훆뛈ꆣ쪵쿖쇋평릩룸훆39쿲릤훆뗄뇤ꆣ퓚뺭볃톸쯙믖뢴 38 맺컱풺ꆶ릤믹뷰퓝탐맜샭냬램ꆷꎨ1985쓪9퓂24죕ꎩꆣ 39 ꆰ릩룸훆ꆱ쫇컒떳헾믺맘뫍뻼뛓룯쏼릤ퟷ죋풱퓚햽헹쓪듺벰붨맺돵웚쿭쫜뗄튻훖짺믮듽폶ꆣ내샍죋늿ꆲㄹ㠲ꆳ뫅뫍죋췋몯ꆲㄹ㠸ꆳ?뫅컄볾맦뚨ꎬ릩룸훆룶죋짺믮늿럖냼삨죽쿮훷튪쓚죝ꎺ⠱?믯쪳내맦뚨쿭쫜킡퓮ꆢ훐퓮ꆢ듳퓮ꎻ⠲?럾ힰꆢ쏞놻뗈짺믮폃욷평릫볒랢룸ꎻ⠳?쇬좡벫짙뗄웕춨뷲쳹럑ꆣ헢죽쿮쫇룶죋쿭쫜릩룸훆뗄췪헻룅쓮ꆣ랲내떱쪱뗘랽죋쏱헾뢮맦뚨뗄뇪ힼꎬ춬쪱쿭쫜틔짏죽쿮릩룸뗄ꎬ랽뿉죏뚨캪쿭쫜릩룸훆ꆣ쪵탐늿럖릩룸ꆢ늿럖릤훆뗄?몬냼룉훆?뿉쫓캪릩룸훆ꆣ돽듋횮췢ꎬ웤쯻횧뢶탎쪽늻쫴폚릩룸훆ꆣ떽ㄹ㔵쓪뇤캪릤훆뛈ꆣ 19
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ횰릤릤뷸탐쇋튻듎믲벸듎뗷헻ꎬ릤죋쪵볊릤쮮욽뇈뷢럅돵웚듳듳쳡룟ꆣ 1956쓪ꎬ좫맺뷸탐쇋뗚뛾듎릤룄룯40ꆣ훷튪쓚죝쫇ꎺꋅ좡쿻릤럖41훆뛈ꎬ쪵쿖믵뇒릤훆ꎻꋆ뗷헻뫍룄뷸릤맘쾵ꎬ쳡룟늿럖릤뇪ힼꎻꋇ룄뷸웳튵횰풱뫍릤죋뗄릤뗈벶훆뛈ꎻꋈ좡쿻뗘쟸컯볛뷲쳹ꎬ붨솢릤쟸샠뇰훆뛈ꆣ 1958쓪훁1965쓪볤ꎬ쿈뫳죽듎낲업쇋늿럖횰릤짽벶ꎬ쳡룟쇋횰릤뗄릤쮮욽ꎬ퇐뺿룄뷸쇋웳튵횰릤뗄릤뇪ힼꎬ뗷헻쇋늿럖뗘쟸뗄릤쟸샠뇰ꆣ 1971쓪42ꎬ퓚뗍릤죋풱릤맽뗍ꎬ짺믮럇뎣삧쓑뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ맺컱풺뻶뚨뗷헻늿럖뗍릤횰릤뗄릤ꆣ뗷헻쏦뷶캪28%ꎬ닉좡내맦뚨ꆰ뛔뫅죫ퟹꆱ뗄냬램ꆣ 평폚릤룄룯뫍릤뗷헻듎쫽짙ꎬ볤룴쪱볤뎤ꎬ쎿듎뷢뻶뗄컊쳢뷏짙ꎬ퓶럹뛈뫍퓶쏦킡ꆣ퓚룄룯뾪럅잰뗄20벸쓪훐ꎬ횰릤릤쮮욽퓶뎤뮺싽ꆣ뫜훘튪뗄풭틲뻍쫇쎻폐탎돉릤헽뎣퓶뎤뗄믺훆ꎬ뛸쫇춨맽퓋뚯쪽뗄릤룄룯믲릤뗷헻살퓶볓횰릤릤ꆣ 내헕볆뮮뺭볃ꆰ폐볆뮮ꆢ내뇈샽ꆱ랢햹뗄맦싉ꎬ웳튵릤뗄퓶뎤ꎬ펦떱폫맺쏱뺭볃뗄훷튪횸뇪ꎬ폫맺쏱쫕죫뗄퓶뎤ꎬ폫샍뚯짺닺싊뗄쳡룟놣돖쫊떱뗄뇈샽맘쾵ꆣ뛸쪵볊짏ꎬ돽쇋퓚ꆰ튻컥ꆱ쪱웚ꎬ웳튵릤뗄퓶뎤폫뺭볃퓶뎤뫍샍뚯짺닺싊뗄쳡룟놣돖쇋쫊떱뗄뇈샽맘쾵횮췢ꎬ듳뛠쫽쓪뛈늢쎻폐ퟶ떽ꆣퟷ캪릤뗄뻶닟헟ꎬ맺볒쎻폐내헕뺭볃랢햹쿠펦ퟷ돶퓶볓릤뗄뻶닟ꆣ뛸웳튵퓚닺욷뺭볃쿂횻쫇튻룶짺닺ퟩ횯떥캻ꎬ뛸늻쫇헦헽틢틥짏뗄웳튵ꆪ뛀솢뗄짌욷짺닺헟뫍뺭펪헟ꆣ퓚릤짏ꎬ웳튵쎻폐쮿뫁뗄좨솦ꆣ ㈮ㄮ?쿲쫐뎡뺭볃맽뛉뗄웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆 룄룯뾪랢틔살ꎬ훐맺뺭볃쳥훆뺭샺쇋훘듳뗄뇤룯ꎬ풭폐뗄뒫춳뗄볆뮮뺭볃놻듲웆ꎬ랢햹짌욷뺭볃ꎬ붨솢쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆돉캪뺭볃쳥훆룄룯뗄쒿뇪ꆣ퓚풭폐뗄뻉쳥훆짐캴췪좫췋돶샺쪷컨첨ꎬ탂뗄쳥훆짐캴붨솢웰살뗄맽뛉쪱웚ꎬ웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ볈늻춬폚뒫춳뗄웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ폖늻춬폚쫐뎡뺭볃쿂뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆ꆣ퓚헢룶뷗뛎ꎬ컒맺릤뻶뚨훷튪뺭샺쇋1985쓪43뫍1993쓪솽듎릤룄룯ꎬ헽좷죏쪶맽뛉쪱웚웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄쳘뗣ꎬ뛔쫊펦붨솢짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃뗄튪쟳ꎬ쮳샻쪵쿖평쿖탐웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆쿲쫐뎡뺭볃쿂뗄웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆 40 맺컱풺ꆶ맺컱풺맘폚릤룄룯뗄뻶뚨ꆷꎨㄹ㔶쓪?퓂?죕ꎩꆣ 41 릤럖훆뛈쫇퓚붨맺돵웚ꎬ틲컯볛늻컈뚨ꎬ캪놣헏횰릤쪵볊쫕죫늻쫜펰쿬ꎬ뛸닉좡틔쪵컯캪볆쯣릤떥캻뗄믹뒡짏붨솢웰살뗄ꆣㄹ㔲쓪틔잰ꎬ릤볆쯣떥캻벰쪵볊몬솿늻춳튻ꎬ펰쿬릤뇪ힼꆢ릤믹뷰볆뮮뗄훆뚨뫍횰릤뗄쪵볊쫕죫ꆣ 42 맺컱풺ꆶ맘폚뗷헻늿럖릤죋뫍릤ퟷ죋풱릤뗄춨횪ꆷꎨㄹ㜱쓪ㄱ퓂㌰죕ꎩꆣ 43 샍죋늿ꆶ맘폚펡랢맺펪듳훐탍웳튵횰릤릤뇪ힼ뗄춨횪ꆷꎨㄹ㠵쓪〷퓂㈳죕ꎩꆣ 20
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 뗄맽뛉ꎬ뻟폐쪮럖훘튪뗄틢틥ꆣ 평폚듓풭폐뗄닺욷뺭볃쿲짌욷뺭볃뗄뮻ꎬ풭폐뗄짧믡훷틥럖엤샭싛ꡄ내샍럖엤샭싛폐쇋탂뗄랢햹ꎬ훘탂쏷좷쇋ꎺꋅ내샍럖엤쫇뿍맛뺭볃맦싉ꎬ쯼쫇평짺닺쇏뗄짧믡훷틥릫폐훆뫍짧믡훷틥뷗뛎뗄짧믡훷틥뷗뛎뗄짧믡짺닺솦랢햹쮮욽ꆣꋆ내샍럖엤늻쫇닺짺놾훷틥뫍닺뷗벶뗄뺭볃믹뒡ꆣꋇ내샍럖엤쯹쳥쿖뗄룶죋컯훊샻틦ꎬ쫇폫헻쳥샻틦쿠튻훂뗄ꆣ내샍럖엤쓜릻듙쪹샍뚯헟듓룶죋컯훊샻틦뫍맘탄짺닺돉맻ꎬ쪹룶죋뗄컯훊샻틦춬헻쳥샻틦뷴쏜뷡뫏웰살ꆣ 1992쓪떳뗄쪮쯄듳쳡돶쇋붨솢짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆뗄ퟜ쒿뇪ꎬ쯦횮떳뫍맺볒뛔럖엤컊쳢뷸탐쇋훘듳뗄뻶닟ꆣ쏷좷쳡돶ꎺꆰ룶죋쫕죫럖엤튪볡돖내샍럖엤캪훷쳥ꆢ뛠훖럖엤랽쪽늢듦뗄훆뛈ꎬ쳥쿖킧싊폅쿈ꆢ볦맋릫욽뗄풭퓲ꆣꆱ늢쳡돶ꆰ내샍럖엤폫내짺닺튪쯘럖엤쿠뷡뫏ꆱ뗄럖엤풭퓲ꆣ샍뚯늿룹뻝룄룯뗄ퟜ쒿뇪훆뚨쇋ꆶ붨솢짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆쪱웚샍뚯쳥훆룄룯ퟜ쳥짨쿫ꆷꎬ쳡돶ꆰ웳튵릤훆뛈룄룯뗄쒿뇪쫇ꎬ붨솢쫐뎡믺훆뻶뚨ꆢ웳튵ퟔ훷럖엤ꆢ헾뢮볠뚽뗷뿘뗄쒿뇪쒣쪽ꆱꆣ늢퓚헢튻뷗뛎ꎬ훆뚨냤늼쇋폐맘릤쫕죫럖엤룄룯뗄튻쾵쇐램맦ꆢ헾닟뫍듫쪩ꆣ a.웳튵릤럖엤훷쳥 룄룯뾪럅틔살튻룶틢틥훘듳ꆢ펰쿬짮풶뗄뇤뮯뻍쫇ꎺ퓚뒫춳쳥훆쿂ퟷ캪맺볒탐헾뢽쫴컯뗄웳튵헽퓚훰늽돉뎤캪헦헽틢틥짏뗄웳튵ꡄퟔ훷뺭펪ꆢퟔ뢺펯뿷뗄뛀솢뗄짌욷짺닺헟뫍뺭펪헟ꎬ쯻튪쟳퓚릤럖엤짏좡뗃폫웤퓰죎뫍틥컱쿠뛔펦뗄좨솦ꡄ웳튵쓚늿릤럖엤ퟔ훷좨ꆣ 1985쓪뾪쪼뗄맺폐웳튵릤ퟜ뛮춬뺭볃킧틦맒릳냬램ꎬ퓲쪹웳튵믱뗃쇋퓚웳튵릤ퟜ뛮횮쓚ퟔ훷좷뚨웳튵쓚늿럖엤뗄좨샻ꆣ웳튵훕폚냚췑쇋퓚릤럖엤짏췪좫쳽쏼폚헾뢮횸쇮뗄뻖쏦ꎬ듓뛸캪맡뎹내샍럖엤뒴퓬쇋룼뫃뗄쳵볾ꆣ쯦ퟅ웳튵룄룯뗄짮뮯뫍닺좨맘쾵뗄쏷컺뮯ꎬ1993쓪11퓂14죕ꆶ훐릲훐퇫맘폚붨솢짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆죴룉컊쳢뗄뻶뚨ꆷ훐쏷좷쳡떽쇋“솽뗍폚”ꎺ맺폐웳튵퓚횰릤릤ퟜ뛮퓶뎤싊뗍폚웳튵뺭볃킧틦퓶뎤싊ꎬ횰릤욽뻹릤퓶뎤싊뗍폚놾웳튵샍뚯짺닺싊퓶뎤뗄잰쳡쿂ꎬ룹뻝샍뚯뻍튵릩쟳뇤뮯뫍맺볒폐맘헾닟맦뚨ꎬퟔ훷뻶뚨릤쮮욽뫍쓚늿럖엤랽쪽ꆣ웳튵뮹믱뗃쇋퓚ꆰ솽뗍폚ꆱ뗄잰쳡쿂ퟔ훷좷뚨릤ퟜ뛮뗄좨샻ꎬ좡뗃쇋췪헻틢틥짏뗄릤럖엤ퟔ훷좨ꆣ쯦ퟅ룄룯뗄짮뮯ꎬ쳘뇰쫇쿖듺웳튵훆뛈뗄붨솢ꎬ웳튵ퟷ캪릤럖엤훷쳥뗄뗘캻붫믡룼볓컈만ꆣ b.뗷뿘웳튵릤ퟜ솿 21
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 퓚맽뛉쪱웚ꎬ평폚쿠떱튻늿럖맺폐웳튵닺좨맘쾵짐늻쏷컺ꎬ웳튵쓚늿뗄릤럖엤쓚퓚풼쫸믺훆짐늻붡좫ꎬ틲듋ꎬퟷ캪맺폐닺뗄쯹폐헟ꎬ맺볒뮹튪뛔듳뛠쫽맺폐웳튵릤ퟜ뛮뷸탐뗷뿘ꆣ맺볒뛔맺폐웳튵릤ퟜ뛮뷸탐뗷뿘ꎬ훷튪닉좡죽훖탎쪽ꎺꋅ웳튵릤ퟜ뛮춬뺭볃킧틦맒릳ꆣ헢쫇맽뛉쪱웚듳뛠쫽맺폐웳튵웕뇩닉폃뗄탎쪽ꆣ웳튵뗄릤ퟜ뛮ꎬ룹뻝샍뚯ꆢ닆헾늿쏅뫋뚨뗄릤ퟜ뛮믹쫽ꆢ뺭볃킧틦횸뇪믹쫽ꆢ뺭볃킧틦횸뇪믹쫽뫍맒릳뢡뚯뇈샽ꎬ내웳튵뺭볃킧틦뗄쪵볊쟩뿶쳡좡ꆣꋆ릤ퟜ뛮냼룉ꆣ웳튵릤ퟜ뛮냼룉쫽돽틔웳튵쪵탐냼룉잰뗄짏쓪뛈릤춳볆쓪놨쪵볊랢럅쫽캪믹뒡ꎬ평샍뚯늿쏅뫋뚨ꆣ웳튵뻝듋쳡좡쓪뛈릤ퟜ뛮ꎬ퓶죋늻퓶릤ퟜ뛮ꎬ췪돉짺닺죎컱뗄잰쳡쿂복죋늻복릤ퟜ뛮ꆣ헢훖냬램쫊폃폚퓝늻쓜쪵탐릤킧맒릳뗄웳튵ꆣꋇ릤볆뮮맜샭ꆣ훷튪쫇탂붨웳튵퓚웤캴듯닺믲캴헽쪽펪튵잰ꎬ쫊폃헢훖냬램ꆣ 맺볒뛔웳튵ퟜ뛮뗄횱뷓뗷뿘ꎬ퓚맽뛉쪱웚뻟폐탐헾쫖뛎뫍뺭볃쫖뛎쿠뷡뫏뗄쳘뗣ꆣ틔웳튵릦킧맒릳냬램캪샽ꎬ웳튵릤ퟜ뛮믹쫽ꆢ뺭볃킧틦횸뇪믹쫽뫍맒릳뢡뚯뇈샽뚼쫇평맺볒뫋뚨뗄ꎬ듸폐얨뫱뗄탐헾즫닊ꎬ떫쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ벼쫵ꆢ뇈샽튻뺭좷뚨ꎬ웳튵릤ퟜ뛮뗄퓶뎤뻍좡뻶폚웳튵뺭볃킧틦ꎬ틲뛸폖듸폐뺭볃쫖뛎뗄쳘헷ꆣ 쯦ퟅ쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆뗄훰늽좷솢ꎬ1993쓪맺볒쪵탐듳뗄릤룄룯ꎬ폐쳵볾뗘럅뾪릤ퟜ솿맜샭ꆣ볓잿쇋맺볒뛔웳튵릤쫕죫뗄뫪맛뗷뿘뫍볠뚽볬닩ꆣ훷튪듫쪩쫇ꎺ룄뷸뫍췪짆“릤킧맒릳”냬램ꎬ붨솢맺폐웳튵릤쓚췢쫕죫볠뚽볬닩훆뛈ꎬ뛔늿럖탐튵ꆢ웳튵쪵탐릤뿘훆쿟냬램ꎬ탭뛠뗘쟸뮹훰늽붨솢쇋웳튵죋릤돉놾풤닢풤뺯훆뛈ꆣ쿈뫳쪵탐쇋떯탔샍뚯릤볆뮮냬램ꆢ릤횸떼쿟훆뛈뫍샍뚯솦쫐뎡릤횸떼볛캻훆뛈ꆣ뛸웳튵쿭폐쇋ퟔ훷뻶뚨릤쮮욽ꎬ릤쓚늿럖엤틔벰릤뗷뷚뗄좨샻ꎬ헢킩룼뛠뗄튪쫜쫐뎡뗄풼쫸뛸늻쫇쫜맺볒뗄풼쫸ꆣ웳튵춨맽ퟔ훷톡퓱릤횧뢶쮮욽ꎬ릤럖엤랽쪽살뿘훆샍뚯솦돉놾ꎬ컼틽폅탣죋닅ꎬ벤샸풱릤얬솦릤ퟷꎬ쳡룟웳튵쫐뎡뺺헹솦ꆣ웳튵틔ퟔ짭뗄쳥훆뫍뺭펪킧틦캪믹뒡ꆢ쳡룟웳튵쫐뎡뺺헹솦캪떼쿲ꎬ춨맽쏷좷뗄웳튵죋솦풴햽싔뫍릤쮮욽뗄쫐뎡뚨캻볓틔좷솢웳튵풱릤뗄릤뇪ힼꆣ?愮틔웳튵뗄쳥훆뫍뺭펪킧틦캪믹뒡ꆣ늻춬뗄웳튵쳥훆ꎬ웳튵퓚쫐뎡춬탐튵훐쯹뒦뗄뗘캻틔벰닉좡뗄뺺헹햽싔쫇웳튵톡퓱릤닟싔뗄훘튪틲쯘ꆣ?뻟쳥랴펳퓚ꎺ풱릤퓚튵컱뺭펪훐뗄ퟷ폃뫍뗘캻ꎻ웳튵풱릤뛓컩뗄엤훃튪쟳뫍엤훃죎폃뗄훆뛈ꎻ풱릤뛓컩뗄살풴ꎻ웳튵퓚죋솦풴짏뗄돉놾춶죫럝뛮ꆣ돉놾뷡릹훐훇솦쯹햼뗄럝뛮풽듳ꎬ릤뇪ힼ뻍풽룟ꆣ튵컱탔훊평탐튵뗄돉놾뷡릹쯹뻶뚨ꎬ늻맜쪲쎴쳥훆뗄웳튵뚼폐튻룶릲춬뗄탐튵믹뒡ꆣ웤듎ꎬ튵컱튪쟳뫍풱릤죎폃냬램횱뷓뻶뚨풱릤릤뇪ힼꆣ폃늻춬벼쓜쮮욽뗄 22
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 죋ꎬ캪웳튵듸살뗄짺닺킧싊뻍늻튻퇹ꎬ헢쫇릤뇪ힼ뗄튻룶뻶뚨틲쯘ꆣ짺닺싊늻춬ꎬ릤뇪ힼ튲늻춬ꆣ뗚죽ꎬ뺭펪킧틦뫍풱릤쫽솿뷡릹쫇뻶뚨풱릤릤뇪ힼ뗄잰쳡쳵볾ꆣ벼쫵뇘좻룺쳥훆솪쾵퓚튻웰ꆣ틲캪웳튵뺭펪폐솽룶늻춬뗄횸떼쮼쿫ꎬ튻쫇낲업뺡뿉쓜뛠뗄죋뻍튵ꎬ쇭췢튻룶횸떼쮼쿫쫇뺡뿉쓜뒴퓬뫃뗄킧틦ꎬ헢뻍튪쟳늻춬뗄벼쫵쮮욽ꎬ듓뛸닺짺늻춬뗄짺닺킧싊ꆣ퓚볆뮮뺭볃쳥훆쿂ꎬ뿉쓜잰헟폃뗃룼뛠튻뗣ꎬ떫쫇퓚쿖듺쫐뎡뺺헹뗄쳥훆쿂ꎬ뫳헟뻍믡뛠튻뗣ꎬ쯹틔늻춬뗄쳥훆릤뇪ힼ믡늻튻퇹ꆣ?戮틔웳튵릤쮮욽뗄쫐뎡뺺헹솦캪떼쿲?쿖듺웳튵뗄풱릤릤뇪ힼ평쫐뎡릤쮮욽횱뷓뻶뚨ꎬ웳튵횻폐훆뚨뻟폐쫐뎡뺺헹솦뗄릤뇪ힼꎬ닅쓜놣헏웳튵쓜릻컼쫕늢놣쇴돆횰뗄풱릤ꆣ죧맻웳튵퓚풱릤죎폃랽쏦쎻폐뇘튪뗄톡퓱좨ꎬ릤좱랦컼틽솦ꎬ풱릤뗄믽벫탔쎻폐놻뾪랢돶살ꎬ웳튵뗄튵컱쓜솦뻍쎻폐놣헏ꎬ킧틦튲컞듓놣헏ꆣ?퓚닎헕쫐뎡쮮욽뻶뚨웳튵릤뇪ힼ뗄쪱뫲ꎬ뺺헹쫐뎡뗄뷧뚨뫍뇈헕횰캻뗄죏뚨쫇솽룶훘튪뗄벼쫵뮷뷚ꎺ뗚튻쫇뺺헹쫐뎡틔죋닅쇷뚯뗄쫐뎡캪뛔쿳ꎻ웤듎쫇뇈헕횰캻틔춬뗈샺춬뗈횰퓰랶캧캪쳵볾ꆣ웳튵튪울폃탂풱릤ꎬ짨훃튻킩탂뗄횰캻ꎬ헢킩횰캻뗄릤뇪ힼ뗄훆뚨ꎬ튻냣뗄ퟶ램쫇뷸탐쫐뎡뗷닩ꎬ뿉쓜튻쓪튻듎ꎬ퓚놾탐튵ꆢ놾뗘쟸뗄춬탐튵샯쇋뷢춬퇹뗄횰캻쫐뎡짏뗄볛룱ꎬ좻뫳뻶뚨웳튵뗄릤뇪ힼꆣ폐쪱웳튵튪짨훃탂횰캻ꎬ탨튪쟫폐튵믹뒡ꆢ폐쓜솦뗄풱릤ꎬ뻍뇘탫룸헢킩죋쳡릩튻룶폐컼틽솦뗄릤쮮욽ꎬ뛸쯻쏇쒿잰뗄릤쮮욽믹놾짏뻍쫇쫐뎡쮮욽ꎬ쳡릩헢룶쮮욽뗄릤닅뿉틔ꆣ?폐킩웳튵뺭펪킧틦늻뫃ꎬ죋닅쇷쪧ꎬ듓죋솦풴맜샭뗄뷇뛈살붲ꎬ뻍쫇쯼뗄릤쎻폐컼틽솦ꎬ쎻폐붨솢튻룶쫐뎡떼쿲뗄릤쳥쾵ꆣ?挮춨맽쏷좷뗄웳튵죋솦풴햽싔뫍릤쮮욽뗄쫐뎡뚨캻볓틔좷솢?ꋅ쏷좷웳튵릤쫐뎡햽싔뚨캻믡펰쿬떽헻룶죋솦풴퓋ퟷ뗄웤쯻뗄랽랽쏦쏦ꆣ퓚죋솦풴뗄뻟쳥맜샭훐ꎬ릤뇪ힼ뚨캻퓚쓄룶뗣짏ꎬ웳튵뗄죋솦풴햽싔춨뎣믡폐튻룶쿠뛔컈뚨뗄뻶닟ꎬ벴닉폃쪲쎴퇹뗄햽싔살캬돖뫍놣헏풱릤뗄살풴벰헻룶풱릤뛓컩뗄컈뚨탔ꆣ웳튵뗄죋솦풴햽싔튪뷢뻶뗄컊쳢냼삨ꎺ폃쪲쎴퇹뗄풱릤ꎻ퓵쎴폃ꎨ엤훃ꎩꎻ듓쓄샯살ꎻ폃쪲쎴퇹뗄돉놾좥믱좡ꆣ?좷뚨릤쮮욽뗄쫐뎡뚨캻ꎬ쫗쿈튪ퟶ릤뗷닩ꎬ튻냣릤뗷닩뫳쯹ퟶ뗄릤놨룦훐ꎬ폐튻룶뗘쟸춬탐튵릤쮮욽뗷닩뇭ꎨ춼?ꎩꎬ훷튪뇪돶웳튵릤쮮욽퓚잰?ꆢ㈵?ꆢ㔰?ꆢ㜵?ꆢ 23
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 㤰?컥룶뗣ꎬ웳튵퓚릤쫐뎡짏뻍죝틗뚨캻쇋ꆣ듳늿럖웳튵뚼믡냑ퟔ벺뗄릤뗣뚨퓚㔰?뗄캻훃ꎬ뻍쫇훐볤캻훃ꆣ뛔듳뛠쫽웳튵살붲ꎬ뚨캻퓚훐볤뗣쫇튻룶뇈뷏낲좫뗄ퟶ램ꎬ맽룟퓲퓶볓돉놾ꎬ럧쿕뫜듳ꎻ맽뗍퓲믡쎻폐컼틽솦ꎬ컞램웰떽뛔풱릤뗄벤샸ퟷ폃ꎬ컼틽늻살폅탣죋닅ꆣ?짙늿럖웳튵믡뚨퓚잰㈵?믲헟?뗣ꎬ헢킩웳튵듳뛠쫇놾탐튵뗄쇬춷웳튵ꎬ폐뫜뫃뗄뺭펪쒣쪽ꎬ쓜릻울쟫ퟮ폅탣뗄죋닅ꎻ뛸쟒폐쿠펦뗄맜샭쳥훆ꎬ죃ퟮ폅탣뗄죋닅뒴퓬ퟮ듳뗄킧틦ꆣ돉놾폀풶쫇룺킧틦맒릳뗄ꎬ잰㈵?뻍틢캶ퟅ뫜룟뗄죋릤춶죫ꎬ뇘뚨튪폐룟닺돶싊살횧돖닅탐ꆣ?춼ꎲ†뗘쟸춬탐튵릤쮮욽뗷닩뇭???ꋆ?훆뚨죋솦풴뗄릤햽싔?훆뚨죋솦풴뗄릤햽싔탨튪쮼뾼ꎬ캪쪲쎴퇹뗄죋뢶쪲쎴퇹뗄릤ꎿ뻟쳥뗄쫐뎡뚨캻뻍쫇폫쓄킩웳튵뺺헹쓄킩죋닅ꎿ쿠펦뗄릤뇪ힼ뚨캻퓚헢킩릫쮾뗄짏뗈ꆢ훐뗈뮹쫇쿂뗈캻훃ꎿ헢킩뚼쫇쏷좷웳튵죋솦풴햽싔뫍릤쮮욽뗄쫐뎡뚨캻뫳ꎬ뻍뿉틔춨맽쒿뇪쫐뎡쒿뇪횰캻뗄릤뗷닩살뗃떽뻟쳥횰캻뗄릤뇪ힼꆣ웳튵뮹탨힢틢ꎬ쫐뎡뮷뺳쿂뗄웳튵뺺헹쫇퓚늻뛏뗄랢햹뇤뮯뗄ꎬ틲듋릤뗷닩튪뚨웚뷸탐ꎬ틔놣횤웳튵릤뗄돖탸뺺헹솦ꆣ?㈮?웳튵쓚늿럖엤믺훆 ㈮㈮?뒫춳릤맜샭쳥훆쿂뗄웳튵쓚늿럖엤 퓚붨맺훁룄룯뾪랢횮잰헢뛎쪱볤쓚ꎬ컒맺웳튵릤쪵탐뗄쫇룟뛈훐퇫벯좨뗄맜샭쳥훆ꆣ듓퇏룱틢틥짏붲ꎬ웳튵쓚늿럖엤벸뫵늻듦퓚ꆣ릤ퟜ뛮ꆢ릤훆뛈ꆢ릤뇪ힼꆢ틔벰붱뷰ꆢ뷲쳹훆뛈뗈ꎬ웳튵ퟔ짭뚼컞좨좷뚨ꆣ웳튵쓚늿뗄릤맜샭훆뛈훷튪냼삨ꎺ?愮릤훆뛈? 24
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 뷢럅돵웚ꎬ컒맺웳튵릤닉폃뗄쫇틔ꆰ릤럖ꆱ캪볆솿떥캻뗄릤뗈벶훆뛈ꎬ룷뗘맺폐웳튵뗄릤죋듳뛠쫽쪵탐냋벶릤훆ꎬ짙쫽쪵탐웟벶릤훆믲쇹벶훆ꎬퟮ룟ퟮ뗍릤뗄놶쫽튻냣캪㈮?ꎭ?놶ꎬ뛠쫽캪㈮?놶ꎬ늢쟒뛠쫽훆뚨쇋릤죋벼쫵뗈벶뇪ힼꆣ?ㄹ㔶쓪릤룄룯춳튻룄룯뫍룄뷸쇋릤죋릤뗈벶훆뛈ꎬ웳튵쪵탐횰풱뗈벶릤훆ꎬ좫맺럖캪웟샠뗘쟸ꆢ쯄샠닺튵ꎬ쎿샠닺튵럖캪쯄샠웳튵ꎬ퓚웳튵쓚늿폖뮮럖캪죽샠뿆쫒ꆢ쯄샠횰쓜죋풱ꆣ?뗈벶릤횻폐죽늿럖ퟩ돉ꆣ튻쫇릤뗈벶뇭ꆣ폃살좷뚨릤뗈벶쫽쒿뫍룷뗈벶횮볤뗄릤닮뇰벰웤쿠뮥맘쾵ꆣ쯼폐튻뚨쫽쒿뗄뗈벶뫍폫헢킩뗈벶쿠쫊펦뗄릤뗈벶쾵쫽ퟩ돉ꆣ뛾쫇릤뇪ힼꆣ릤뇪ힼ뻸듳늿럖내퓂맦뚨ꆣ웳튵뿉룹뻝탨튪ꎬ냑퓂뇪ힼ뮻쯣돉죕릤뇪ힼ믲킡쪱릤뇪ힼꆣ죽쫇벼쫵뗈벶뇪ힼꆣ쫇룹뻝릤ퟷ뗄뢴퓓탔ꆢ뺫좷탔뫍퓰죎듳킡ꎬ내닺튵럖릤훖맦뚨뗄ꆣ?틔뗈벶릤ퟷ훆캪뫋탄뗄믹놾릤훆뛈ꎬ쫇뷨본쯕솪뗄뺭퇩ꎬ뷡뫏컒맺룟뛈벯훐춳튻뗄볆뮮쳥훆뗄쳘뗣붨솢웰살뗄ꆣㄹ㔶쓪틔뫳훁쪮쓪뚯싒잰ꎬ릤뗈벶훆쎻폐뛠듳뗄뇤뮯ꆣ퓚쪮쓪뚯싒쪱웚ꎬ릤뎤웚뒦폚뚳뷡ힴ첬ꆣ?틔뗈벶릤ퟷ훆캪뫋탄뗄믹놾릤훆뛈ꎬ뛔맡뎹내샍럖엤퓸웰떽맽믽벫뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ떫평폚훮뛠뢴퓓뗄헾훎ꆢ뺭볃뗈랽쏦뗄풭틲ꎬ헽뎣릤짽벶훆뛈튻횱캴쓜붨솢웰살ꆣ릤뇪ힼ뎤웚늻뚯ꎬ횰릤폖뎤웚뗃늻떽뷺짽뗄믺믡ꎬ릤죋뗄릤뗈벶늻쓜쯦벼쫵쮮욽뗄쳡룟뛸짽룟ꆣ뫜짙뗄벸듎횰릤짽벶ꎬ폖퓚맺볒춳튻헾닟쿂ꆰ튻떶쟐ꆱꎬ쪹횰릤뗈벶릤폫웤벼쫵뗈벶퇏훘췑뷚ꎬ헢펰쿬쇋뗈벶릤훆ퟷ폃뗄랢믓ꎬ튲듬짋쇋횰릤톧쾰벼쫵ꎬ쳡룟샍뚯벼쓜뗄믽벫탔ꆣ?戮릤탎쪽?릤탎쪽쫇틔믹놾릤훆뛈캪믹뒡ꎬ내헕횰릤쪵볊뢶돶뗄샍뚯솿횧뢶샍뚯놨돪뗄랽쪽ꆣ룄룯뾪럅틔잰ꎬ컒맺웳튵훷튪닉좡볆쪱릤ꆢ볆볾릤ꆢ붱뷰뫍릤뗈ꆣ?볆쪱릤쫇컒맺쪵탐랶캧ퟮ맣뗄ꎬퟮ믹놾뗄릤탎쪽ꆣ볆볾릤ꆢ붱뷰ꆢ뷲쳹뗈웤쯻릤탎쪽ꎬ췹췹튲뛠틔볆쪱릤뇪ힼ캪볆쯣믹뒡ꆣ?볆볾릤튲쫇닉폃뷏뛠뗄릤탎쪽ꆣ컒맺퓸닉폃맽뗄볆볾릤탎쪽훷튪폐ꎺꋅ컞쿞볆볾릤ꎻꋆ폐쿞볆볾릤ꎻꋇ샛뷸볆볾릤ꎻꋈ내훊럖뗈볆볾릤ꎻꋉ뎬뚨뛮볆볾릤ꎻꋊ냼릤릤ꆣ?붱샸훆뛈쫇컒맺맣랺닉폃뗄튻훖뢨훺릤탎쪽ꆣ훷튪폐뎬뛮붱ꆢ훊솿붱ꆢ뷚풼붱ꆢ낲좫 25
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 붱ꆢퟛ뫏붱뗈ꆣ듓뗃붱뗄쪱볤뾴ꎬ뿉럖캪퓂붱ꆢ벾붱ꆢ쓪붱ꆣ?뷲쳹튲쫇튻훖웳튵맣랺닉폃뗄뢨훺릤탎쪽ꆣ?틔볆볾릤ꆢ붱샸훆뛈캪듺뇭뗄뢨훺릤탎쪽ꎬ퓚㔰쓪듺돵웚틑쪵탐ꆣ?퓚ㄹ㔲쓪뫍ㄹ㔶쓪뗄릤룄룯훐ꎬ췆맣볆볾릤훆뫍붱샸릤훆ꎬ뚼쫇훘튪뗄룄룯쓚죝ꆣ뻝춳볆ꎬㄹ㔷쓪맺폐웳튵쪵탐볆볾릤훆뗄릤죋듯㌱?췲죋ꎬ풼햼짺닺릤죋뗄㐲?ꆣㄵ룶릫붻늿쏅훆뚨뫍냤랢뗄붱샸냬램듯?훖ꆣ?ㄹ㔸쓪ꎬ좡쿻볆볾릤훆뗄릤ꆢ붨ꆢ붻웳튵횰릤듯㈳?췲죋ꎬ쪵탐볆볾릤뗄릤죋햼짺닺릤죋뗄뇈훘평㐰?쿂붵떽ㄴ⸱?ꆣ폐킩붱샸훆뛈놻좡쿻ꎬ폐킩쯤캴탻늼좡쿻ꎬ떫튲쏻듦쪵췶ꆣ폐뗄뗘랽뮹쫔탐쇋냫릤냫릩룸훆쿠뷡뫏뗄훆뛈ꆣ?ㄹ㘱쓪㐴ꎬ볆볾릤뫍붱샸릤훆뗃떽쇋훰늽믖뢴뫍룄뷸ꆣ훁ㄹ㘳쓪뗗ꎬ쪵탐볆볾릤훆뗄릤죋뗄뇈훘ꎬ평ㄹ㘰쓪뗄㔥믘짽떽㈰?ꆣ룷뗘쟸ꆢ늿쏅뮹뛔ퟛ뫏붱뷸탐쇋룄뷸ꎬ늢훰늽믖뢴뫍짨솢쇋떥쿮붱샸훆뛈ꆣ?떫듓ㄹ㘵쓪쿂냫쓪뾪쪼ꎬ볆볾릤뫍붱샸훆뛈놻좡쿻ꎬ듺횮틔늿럖룉뫃룉뮵ꎬ튻싉내죋춷욽뻹랢럅뗄뢽볓릤ꆣ?挮릤짽벶?짽벶ꎬ쫇릤뗈벶훆뛈뗄훘튪쓚죝ꆣ쎻폐쿠펦뗄짽벶훆뛈ꎬ릤뗈벶훆뛈퓙뫏샭튲늻쓜랢믓웤펦폐뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ?퓚뗚튻룶컥쓪볆뮮웚볤ꎬ횰릤짽벶늻쫇좫맺춳튻낲업뗄ꎬ뛸쫇평웳튵훷맜늿쏅퓚맺볒쿂듯뗄쓪뛈릤ퟜ뛮볆뮮랶캧쓚ꎬ룹뻝짺닺탨튪ퟔ탐낲업뗄ꆣ짽벶릤ퟷퟶ뗃뇈뷏벰쪱ꎬ뛔릤죋뗄벼쫵뾼뫋튲뇈폐뷏쏷좷뗄돟뛈뫍뇪ힼꆣ틲듋횰릤뗄벼쫵튵컱쮮욽폫쯻쏇뗄릤뗈벶믹놾짏쿠쫊펦ꎬ좡뗃쇋뷏뫃뗄킧맻ꆣ?ㄹ㔹쓪㐵틔뫳ꎬ짽벶릤ퟷ룄평맺볒춳튻낲업ꎬ볓짏뺭볃삧쓑ꎬ횰릤짽벶늻쓜헽뎣뷸탐ꆣ듓ㄹ㔹쓪떽ㄹ㜶쓪볤ꎬ횻뛔짙쫽횰릤뷸탐맽뗷짽벶ꎬ욽뻹쎿죋뷺짽늻ퟣ튻벶ꆣ뻝춳볆ꎬ좫쏱쯹폐훆횰릤욽뻹릤ㄹ㔷쓪쪱캪㘳?풪ꎬㄹ㜶쓪쪱캪㘰?풪ꆣ?평폚헽뎣짽벶훆뛈붨솢늻웰살ꎬ볓짏냑웳튵뫍믺맘ꎬ쫂튵삦퓚튻웰짽벶ꎬ튪쎴뎤웚늻뚯ꎬ튪쎴듳볒웫늽ퟟꎬ쪹짽벶릤ퟷ쓑틔좡뗃솼뫃킧맻ꆣ? 44 샍뚯늿ꆶ맘폚붨솢뫍룄뷸ퟛ뫏탔붱샸훆뛈뗄틢볻ꆷꎨㄹ㔹쓪ㄱ퓂㈵ꎩꆣ 45 샍뚯늿ꆶ맘폚튻뻅쇹죽쓪횰릤짽벶죴룉뻟쳥컊쳢뗄춨횪ꆷꎨㄹ㘳쓪?퓂3죕)ꆣ 26
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 搮웳튵뗄뗘쟸릤닮뇰?웳튵횰풱뗄뗘쟸릤닮뇰폫웳튵릤죋뗄뗘쟸릤닮뇰룷늻쿠춬ꆣ?ꋅ 웳튵횰풱뗄뗘쟸릤닮뇰?릤튵ꆢ믹놾붨짨ꆢ붻춨퓋쫤틔벰얩튵ꆢ짌튵뗈늿쏅횰풱뗄뗘쟸릤닮뇰ꎬ폐뗄퇘폃ㄹ㔶쓪맺볒믺맘뗄냬램ꎬ폐뗄퓲쫇훐퇫룷훷맜늿쏅폚ㄹ㘳쓪룹뻝ퟔ벺뗄쟩뿶ퟔ탐뮮샠맦뚨뗄ꆣ샠뇰쫽쒿ꆢ쎿샠닮뛮뫍릤쟸냼삨뗄뗘폲랶캧ꎬ춬맺볒믺맘늻튻퇹ꎬ룷늿쏅횮볤튲늻튻훂ꎬ짵훁튻룶늿쏅쓚튲늻춬ꆣㄹ㘳쓪ꎬ릤튵늿쏅뗘쟸릤닮뇰폖훘탂ퟶ쇋낲업ꎬ떫죔늻춳튻ꆣ죧쎺첿늿쏅뮮럖캪ㄱ샠릤쟸ꎬ믺킵늿쏅뮮럖캪?샠ꎬ튱뷰늿쏅뮮럖캪?샠ꎬ떫늿럖웳튵퓲쪵탐맺볒믺맘릤뇪ힼ뫍ㄱ샠릤쟸횴탐ꆣ?ꋆ웳튵릤죋뗄뗘쟸릤닮뇰?ㄹ㔶쓪릤룄룯쪱ꎬ맺폐웳튵짺닺릤죋뗄릤쟸쟩뿶룼캪뢴퓓ꎬ떫듳훂뿉럖캪솽훖ꎺꋙ쏷좷뮮럖캪릤쟸뗄ꎬ죧쳺슷ꆢ붨훾낲ힰꆢ뗘훊뗈늿쏅ꎬ떫늿쏅횮볤뫍늿쏅쓚늿뗄뮮럖튲늻튻훂ꆣꋚ쎻폐쏷쿔뮮럖릤쟸뗄ꆣ뛠쫽맺폐웳튵짺닺릤죋뗄릤뇪ힼ뾴늻돶쏷쿔뗄릤쟸샠뇰ꎬ떫믹놾ퟱ톭쇋듳쳥닮늻뛠뗄뗘쟸뮮럖냬램ꎬ벴냑좫맺뮮럖캪?룶듳욬ꎺ뮪뚫ꆢ훐쓏ꆢ쯄뒨ꆢ맳훝ꎻ뮪놱ꆢ뚫놱ꆢ삥쏷ꎻ컷낲ꆢ냼춷ꆢ짏몣ꎻ맣훝ꎻ룊쯠ꆣ룷욬횮볤춬샠웳튵릤죋뗄릤뇪ힼꎬ돽짏몣ꆢ맣훝췢ꎬ튻냣쫇놱랽뗄릤뇪ힼ룟폚쓏랽ꎬ컷늿뗄릤뇪ힼ룟폚뚫늿ꆣ퓚컷놱뗘쟸뗄횰릤ꎬ돽쇋뇪ힼ뷏룟췢ꎬ뮹횴탐쇋튻뚨뇈샽뗄뗘쟸뷲쳹ꆣ퓚쟠몣뗄튻킩뗘쟸뮹쇭췢퓶볓늹쳹뗈ꆣ?攮탂횰릤뗄뚨벶훆뛈?뛔탂닎볓릤ퟷ죋풱뗄뚨벶릤ꎬ퓚룄룯뾪럅잰ꎬ쫇헢퇹맦뚨뗄ꎺ?톧춽릤뺭맽뛾죽쓪뗄톧쾰ꎬ톧쾰웚싺헽쪽횰릤쪱ꎬ뗚튻쓪내쯹퓚떥캻횰릤뗄ퟮ뗍튻벶뗄릤뇪ힼ횴탐ꎬ릤ퟷ싺튻쓪뫳ꎬ룹뻝짺닺탨튪ꆢ놾죋벼쫵튵컱쮮욽뫍욽죕릤ퟷ돉벨ꎬ헽쪽움뚨뗈벶ꎬ튻냣움캪냋벶릤훆뗄뛾벶릤ꆣ?늻쪵탐톧춽훆뛈뗄쫬솷릤ꎬ튻냣폐냫쓪뗄쫬솷웚ꎬ쫬솷웚싺뫳횴탐놾릤훖뗄ퟮ뗍릤ꆣ뛔폚튻킩쳘훖쳥솦샍뚯뗄릤훖ꎬ뚨벶릤맦뚨뗄룟킩ꎬ죧쎺뿳뺮쿂닉뻲릤죋ꎬ내맺컱풺ㄹ㘳쓪?퓂뗄맦뚨ꎬ퓚쫬솷웚볤ꎬ횴탐쎺뿳죽벶릤죋뗄릤뇪ힼꎬ쫬솷웚싺내쯄벶릤뚨벶ꆣ?뢴풱췋컩뻼죋뢴풱럖엤떱릤죋뗄ꎬ내맺컱풺ㄹ㘷쓪ㄲ퓂춨횪뗄맦뚨ꎬ내웤뻼쇤뎤뛌뫍뇭쿖움뚨릤뗈벶ꆣ? 27
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 듳훐톧킣톧짺뇏튵짺뗄쇙쪱릤뫍뚨벶릤듽폶ꆣ맺컱풺ㄹ㔷쓪퓸맦뚨ꎬ탞튵쯄쓪틔짏뗄룟뗈톧킣뇏튵짺럖엤릤ퟷ뗄ꎬ뗚튻쓪캪볻쾰웚ꎬ횴탐쇙쪱릤듽폶ꆣ볻쾰웚뫳ꎬ룹뻝쯻쏇뗄뇭쿖뗈벶ꎬ뚨벶릤튻냣늻뗍폚쇙쪱릤ꎬ튻냣뿉틔뚨캪탐헾뗚㈲벶ꆣ?㈮㈮?쿲짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃맽뛉뗄웳튵쓚늿럖엤 룄룯뾪럅ꎬ쪹훐맺웳튵릤뷸죫쇋탂뗄샺쪷뷗뛎ꆣ내샍럖엤돉캪짧믡훷틥뗄뫪맛뺭볃맦싉퓚샭싛짏뗃떽좷죏ꆣ퓚197746쓪뫍1979쓪47ꎬ퓚맺쏱뺭볃뮹폐뫜듳삧쓑뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ벴뛔횰릤릤뷸탐쇋뗷헻ꆣ1983쓪48폖뛔웳튵릤ퟷ쇋뗷헻ꆣ폫듋춬쪱ꎬ믖뢴쇋볆볾릤뫍붱샸훆뛈ꎬ붨솢쇋튻킩뷲쳹ꆢ늹쳹훆뛈ꎬ쪵탐쇋웳튵붱샸믹뷰쯦샻죳짏쿂뢡뚯뗄훆뛈ꆣ틲듋ꎬ횰릤릤폐쇋뷏듳럹뛈뗄퓶볓ꆣ1984쓪ꎬ맺컱풺쿈뫳랢돶ꆶ맘폚맺펪웳튵랢럅붱뷰폐맘컊쳢뗄춨횪ꆷ뫍ꆶ맘폚뷸튻늽삩듳맺펪웳튵ퟔ훷좨뗄퓝탐맦뚨ꆷꎬ뻶뚨뷸튻늽삩듳웳튵ퟔ훷좨ꎬ좡쿻뛔붱뷰뇪ힼ뗄쿞훆ꎬ짏늻럢뚥ꎬ쿂늻놣뗗ꎬ춨맽붱뷰쮰뷸탐뗷뷢ꎬ웳튵뿉룹뻝뺭볃킧틦쳡좡붱샸ꆣ럖엤훆뛈룄룯쫇헻룶뺭볃쳥훆룄룯뗄훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖ꆣ 1985쓪1퓂ꎬ맺컱풺랢돶ꆶ맘폚맺펪웳튵릤룄룯컊쳢뗄춨횪ꆷꎬ뛔폐맘폚릤맜샭쳥훆ퟶ돶쇋맦뚨ꎺ웳튵횰릤릤뗄퓶뎤펦틀뾿놾웳튵뺭볃킧틦뗄쳡룟ꎬ맺볒뛔웳튵뗄릤쪵탐럖벶맜샭뗄쳥훆ꎻ맺볒늻퓙춳튻낲업웳튵횰릤뗄릤룄룯뫍뗷헻ꎻ웳튵쳡좡뗄릤퓶뎤믹뷰맩웳튵쯹폐ꎬ늻뗃욽뗷ꎻ뛔릤ퟜ뛮뗄뿘훆냬램풭퓲짏쪵탐퓶죋늻퓶릤ퟜ뛮ꎬ복죋늻복릤ퟜ뛮뗄냬램ꎻ뷸튻늽췪짆웳튵돐냼훆ꆣ 1994쓪틔살ꎬ컒맺웳튵늻뛏첽쯷쫊펦쫐뎡뺭볃뗄릤뻶뚨랽쪽뫍럖엤냬램ꆣ튻킩틑뺭룄훆뗄웳튵첽쯷쫔탐놾ꆢ벼쫵ꆢ맜샭뗈짺닺튪쯘닎폫쫕틦럖엤뗄훆뛈ꎬ냼삨뺭펪헟쓪킽훆ꆢ막좨벤샸ꆢ풱릤돖막ꆢ샍뚯럖뫬ꆢ벼쫵죫막뗈튪쯘럖엤냬램ꎬ늿럖뗘쟸뮹뾪햹쇋릤벯쳥킭짌뗄쫔뗣ꆣ웳튵쓚늿릤럖엤튲훰붥듓맺볒뫪맛뗷뿘쿲웳튵닣쏦뗄캢맛뗷뷚뇤ꎬ럖엤랽쪽튲룼볓쇩믮뛠퇹ꆣ웳튵퓚ퟔ훷뺭펪ꆢퟔ뢺펯뿷ꆢퟔ컒풼쫸뫍ퟔ컒랢햹뗄믹뒡짏ꎬퟔ훷톡퓱쫊뫏놾웳튵쳘뗣뗄릤럖엤훆뛈ꎻ퓚좫쏦뾼뫋횰릤쪵볊샍뚯릱쿗뗄믹뒡짏ꎬퟔ훷좷뚨뛔횰릤룶 46 맺컱풺ꆶ맘폚뗷헻늿럖횰릤릤뗄춨횪ꆷ
ㄹ㜷쓪?퓂죕?ꎻ맺볒샍뚯ퟜ뻖ꆶ맘폚맡뎹횴탐맺컱풺맘폚뗷헻늿럖횰릤릤뗄춨횪훐죴룉뻟쳥헾닟컊쳢뗄뒦샭틢볻ꆷ
ㄹ㜷쓪?퓂?죕?ꎻ맺볒샍뚯ퟜ뻖ꆶ맘폚뗷헻릤훐죴룉컊쳢뗄뒦샭틢볻ꆷ?⠱㤷?쓪퓂㈶죕?ꎻ맺볒샍뚯ퟜ뻖ꆶ맘폚뗷헻릤훐뛔ꆰ뗷ꆱ뫍ꆰ뾿ꆱ랶캧컊쳢뗄뒦샭틢볻ꆷ
ㄹ㜷쓪ㄱ퓂ㄲ죕ꎩ?47 ꆶ맺컱풺맘폚횰릤짽벶뗄벸쿮뻟쳥맦뚨ꆷ
ㄹ㜹쓪퓂㈵죕?ꎻꆶ맺컱풺맘폚뗷헻릤쟸샠뇰뗄벸쿮뻟쳥맦뚨?ꆷ⠱㤷?쓪ㄱ퓂?죕?ꆣ?48 ꆶ맺컱풺엺샍뚯죋쫂늿맘폚튻뻅냋죽쓪웳튵뗷헻릤뫍룄룯릤훆뛈컊쳢뗄놨룦뗄춨횪ꆷ⠠ㄹ㠳쓪?퓂ㄴ죕?ꆣ 28
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 죋뗄릤럖엤랽쪽ꆣ돽풭폐뗄ꆰ뒫춳훆ꆱ뮹돶쿖쇋뛠훖릤샠탍ꎬ뷏캪뗤탍뗄폐ꎺ a.벨킧탍ꎺ훷튪쫇룹뻝풱릤뗄뚯첬튵벨살뻶뚨횧뢶놨돪뗄뛠짙ꆣ죧볆볾릤훆ꆣ폅뗣훷튪쫇뿉틔벤랢돶럻뫏탨튪뗄탐캪ꎬ폐훺폚컼틽뫍쇴힡돉뻍떼쿲탍뗄풱릤ꎬ헐울떽뇭쿖폅틬뗄죋ꆣ좱뗣쫇늻샻폚쳡룟풱릤ퟛ뫏쯘훊ꎬ죝틗퓬돉뛌웚탐캪ꆣ b.샺탍ꎺ틔룶죋뗄샺캪훷튪틀뻝ꆣ죧죕놾뗄쓪릦탲쇐훆ꆣ폅뗣쫇폐샻폚탎돉풱릤벯쳥뗄ꆰ맩쫴룐ꆱꎻ좱뗣튲쏷쿔ꎬ풱릤죝틗닺짺틀삵룐뫍쿻벫떡릤ꆣ c.ퟛ뫏탍 횰컱벼쓜탍쫇틔쯹죎횰컱캪훷ꎬ룹뻝벼쓜ꆢ퓰죎ꆢ릤ퟷ뢺뫉솿ꆢ릤ퟷ뮷뺳뗈틲쯘살좷뚨웤릤ꆣ죧횰컱릤훆ꆢ룚캻릤훆ꆢ횰캻릤뚨벶뇪ힼꆣ횰컱ꆢ벼쓜ꆢ샺ꆢ벨킧뢴뫏탍샽죧뷡릹릤훆ꆣ d.쓪킽훆 틔쓪뛈캪떥캻ꎬ룹뻝뺭펪헟뗄짺닺뺭펪돉맻뫍쯹돐떣뗄퓰죎ꆢ럧쿕좷뚨웤릤쫕죫뗄릤럖엤훆뛈ꎬ쒿뗄쫇퓚맺폐웳튵쪵탐돐냼뺭펪뫳럀횹ꆰ뺭펪헟뗄뛌웚뺭펪탐캪ꆱꆣꆰ쓪킽훆ꆱ뗄릤럖엤훆뛈뗄쫊폃뛔쿳ꎬ훷튪쫇웳튵뗄쇬떼돉풱ꆣ튻킩쪡쫐뗘랽뗄맺폐웳튵쫔탐쇋쓪킽훆ꎬ튻킩폐쿞퓰죎릫쮾ꆢ막럝릫쮾튲퓚횴탐헢훖릤럖엤훆뛈ꆣ ㈮?쿖듺웳튵릤럖엤쳥쾵짨볆 컒맺헾뢮틑뺭럅웺캪웳튵횰릤릤뚨볛ퟶ램ꎬ?㤹?쓪릤룄룯죋쫂늿훆뚨쇋ꆶ맺볒믺맘쫂튵떥캻릤룄룯랽낸벰쪵쪩냬램ꆷꎬ횻쫇평맺볒붨솢쇋헫뛔릫컱풱릤훆뛈뫍럻뫏쫂튵떥캻쳘뗣뗄릤훆뛈ꆣ떫쫇뫜뛠웳튵쳘뇰쫇맺폐ꆢ벯쳥믲맺폐뛀웳튵뗄릤럖엤뫍뗷헻훆뛈ꎬ믹놾짏볌탸퇘쾮뒫춳쒣쪽ꎬ웳튵좱랦뫏샭뗄릤뗷헻믺훆ꎬ퓬돉쇋웳튵릤럖엤좱랦벤샸탔ꎬ풱릤릤ퟷ믽벫탔늻룟ꎬ웳튵죋닅듳솿췢쇷뗈컊쳢ꆣ쿖듺웳튵쏦뛔벤쇒뗄쫐뎡뺺헹ꎬ튪쿫쇴힡죋닅ꎬ춬쪱뿘훆웳튵돉놾ꎬ퓶잿뺺헹쓜솦ꎬ뇘탫붨솢쫊펦놾웳튵뗄릤럖엤쳥쾵ꆣ 릤훆뛈짨볆튪춨맽횰캻쳥쾵쪵쿖 릤쫇풱릤룺웳튵횮볤울폃맘쾵뗄횱뷓랴펦ꎬ뛸쟒헢룶랴펦쫇춨맽횰캻쳥쿖돶살뗄ꎬ횰캻쫇풱릤룺웳튵횮볤뗄쟅솺ꎬ횰캻뗄횰퓰뫍횰쓜랴펳쇋룃횰캻퓚웳튵튵컱퓋ퟷ훐뗄ퟷ폃뫍킧틦볛횵ꎨ뺭볃볛횵ꎩꎬ횰캻뗄뷇즫튪쟳뫍죎횰룱랴펳쇋떣죎룃횰캻뗄풱릤쯹펦뻟놸뗄쓜솦뫍 29
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 펦룃뢶돶뗄샍뚯ꎬ틲듋릤뗄쾵춳짨볆튪캧죆횰캻쾵춳뗄짨볆햹뾪ꎬ릤뷡릹뫍릤뇪ힼ펦헫뛔횰캻훆뚨ꆣ뛔웳튵살쮵ꎬ횰캻쳥쾵쫇쯼뗄믹놾횧독쳥쾵ꆣ a.횰캻쳥쾵뗄붨솢 횰캻쳥쾵뗄쓚죝평웳튵튵컱탔훊뫍퓋ퟷ쇷돌횱뷓뻶뚨ꆣ횰캻쏨쫶뫍횰캻움맀뚼뇘탫틔횰캻튪쯘뗄좷뚨캪잰쳡ꆣ 튻냣살쮵ꎬ횰캻쳥쾵뗄붨솢냼삨틔쿂늽훨ꎺ ꋅ럖컶튵컱쇷돌 죋솦풴릤ퟷꆢ릤릤ퟷ뚼쫇캧죆튵컱햹뾪뗄ꎬ늻쓜룺튵컱췑뷚ꎬ횰캻쳥쾵뗄붨솢튲쫇튻퇹ꎬ쫗쿈튪ퟶ튵컱쇷돌럖컶ꎬ죧ꎺ 짺닺쇷돌——웳튵뗄훷튵쫇쪲쎴?풭닄쇏살풴?돵볓릤?퓙볓릤?……?돉욷?쫐뎡쿺쫛?쿻럑헟 ꋆ뮮럖횰쓜늿쏅 튵컱쇷돌뗄맽돌냼삨쓄킩튵컱랶캧ꎬ쿠뛔살붲뻍폐쓄킩횰쓜늿쏅ꆣ뇈죧쮵쿖뷰뗄맜샭믲헟헋쒿뗄볇슼ꎬ뚼펦룃럅퓚닆컱늿쏅ꆣ듋췢뮹폐짺닺늿쏅ꆢ쿺쫛늿쏅ꆢ닺욷뾪랢늿쏅뗈ꆣ ꋇ뮮럖횰쾵 뮮럖쇋횰쓜늿쏅횮뫳ꎬ뻍튪뾴튻룶횰쓜늿쏅샯폐쓄킩횰쾵ꆣ벴쪹퓚릲춬뗄횰쓜늿쏅샯튲믡폐늻춬샠탍뗄릤ퟷꆣ뇈죧닆컱늿쏅훐뗄믡볆ꎬ훷튪ퟶ헋쒿볇슼ꎬ폐튻킩튵랽램ꎬ헢뻍쫇튻룶횰쾵ꎻ헋쒿볇슼틔뫳ꎬ폐럖컶웳튵뗄돉놾쟩뿶ꆢ뺭펪킧틦뗄ꎬ헢뻍쫇폖튻룶횰쾵ꎬ뷐ퟶ닆컱럖컶ꎬ쫇뫍믡볆늻춬뗄솽룶횰쾵ꆣ폐킩맦쒣듳튻뗣뗄웳튵ꎬ뮹믡폐쮰컱ꆢ짳볆뗄횰쾵ꆣ ꋈ좷뚨횰캻 룹뻝릤ퟷ뗄뢴퓓돌뛈ꆢ릤ퟷ뺭퇩ꆢ쓪쫽뗄튪쟳뫍뛔벼쓜뗄튪쟳ꎬ쎿룶횰쾵샯폖믡폐늻춬뗄횰캻ꎬ뇈죧믡볆횰쾵ꎬ뿉쓜냼삨믡볆훺샭ꆢ돵벶믡볆뫍룟벶믡볆헢퇹죽룶횰캻ꆣ ꋉ붨솢횰캻쳥쾵 쎿룶횰쓜늿쏅뫍쎿룶횰쓜늿쏅뗄횰쾵ꎬ틔벰쎿룶횰쾵뗄쎿룶횰캻좷뚨쇋틔뫳ꎬ횰캻쳥쾵튲뻍뿉틔붨솢쇋ꆣ b.웳튵뗄횰캻쳥쾵뻶뚨릤쾵춳뗄뿲볜 횰캻쳥쾵좷뚨횮뫳ꎬ늻춬횰캻폐늻춬뗄벶뇰ꎬ튻룶쫇풱릤뗄벶뇰훆뛈ꎬ쇭튻룶쫇풱릤뗄뿭듸훆뛈ꆣ틲캪늻춬뗄튵컱늿쏅튪뫏ퟷꎬ웳튵죋솦풴늿쏅튪훆뚨뫜뛠릤훆뛈ꎬ폐쇋벶뇰 30
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 믲듸뇰횮뫳ꎬ뻍냑헻룶릫쮾늻춬늿쏅ꎬ늻춬늿쏅횮볤죧뫎뇈뷏뚼룸뷧뚨쟥돾쇋ꆣ쯹틔횰캻쳥쾵돽쇋놾짭뗄횰쓜늿쏅ꆢ횰쾵뫍횰캻횮췢ꎬ뮹튪폐벶뇰ꎬ뛸쟒벶뇰룺릤쫇횱뷓쿠맘뗄ꆣ 퓚뒫춳뗄릤훆뛈훐춬튻룶벶뇰ꎬ킽뗄랶캧듳훂뷓뷼ꆣ뛸뿭듸릤훆뛈웤쳘뗣뻍쫇냑“벶”뗄랶캧뚨뗃뇈뷏뿭ꎬ릤뗈벶뛔펦뗄릤뢡뚯랶캧볓뿭ꆣ튻룶듳탍웳튵ꎬ뿉쓜듓ퟮ믹놾뗄돵벶풱릤ꎬ떽ퟮ룟뗄ퟜ닃ꆢퟜ뺭샭횰캻ꎬ폐5룶ꆢ6룶듸뇰ꆣ 튻냣퓚횰캻쳥쾵좷뚨횮뫳ꎬ웳튵짨볆릤훆뛈뗄랽램ꎬ튻훖쫇닉폃벶뇰릤훆ꆣ릤짨볆폐벸훖늻춬뗄ퟶ램뫍쮼슷ꎬ뇈뷏볲떥뗄튻룶ퟶ램ꎬ뻍쫇룹뻝벶뇰살짨볆ꆣ뇈죧쮵폐10룶횰쓜늿쏅ꎬ폐30룶횰쾵ꎬ100룶믲헟150룶횰캻ꎬ떫쫇헻룶벶뇰뻍15룶ꎬ릤쾵춳뻍쫇내15룶뗈벶뗄릤쾵춳ꎬ쎿튻룶벶뇰ꎬ뚼룸튻룶랶캧ꎬ퓚쓄룶벶뇰샯ꎬ뻍폃쓄룶벶뇰뗄릤랶캧살랢릤ꆣ 쇭췢튻훖쫇닉폃횰쓜뮯뗄릤쾵춳ꆣ샽죧ꎬ릫쮾폐10룶횰쓜늿쏅ꎬ뻍폐10룶릤쾵춳ꎬ닆컱ꆢ쿺쫛ꆢ죋솦풴룷폐ퟔ벺뗄릤쾵춳ꆣ퓚쎿룶늿쏅ꎬ죔좻쫇룹뻝횰캻뗄벶뇰뫍샠뇰살훆뚨릤뗄뗈벶ꎬ떱좻쎿튻룶뗈벶폖믡폐튻룶랶캧ꆣ쎿룶늿쏅뗄릤ퟷ퓚늻뛏뗘랢햹뇤뮯ꎬ헢퇹ퟶꎬ폐샻폚뷸튻늽냑릤뫍횰캻뷡뫏웰살ꎬ헫뛔탔럇뎣잿ꆣ ㈮㌮?붨솢풱릤릤훆뛈뗄뷡릹뫍떥튻횰캻뗄릤뷡릹 愮릤뷡릹?릤쾵춳쫇룹뻝횰캻쳥쾵붨솢웰살뗄ꎬ폐횰캻쳥쾵ꎬ뻍폐쿠펦뗄릤쾵춳ꎬ뻍믡폐릤뗄샠탍ꎬ쎿튻룶릤샠탍뚼믡폐벸룶벶뇰ꎬ헢킩뻍쫇릤쾵춳뗄튻룶믹놾뷡릹ꆣ붨솢릤뷡릹튪힡솽룶뷡릹ꎬ튻룶뻍쫇쾵춳놾짭뗄뷡릹ꎬ튻룶쫇쎿튻룶횰캻펦룃폐뗄뷡릹ꆣ?릤쾵춳놾짭뗄뷡릹뿉틔뇈뷏볲떥ꎬ뿉틔룹뻝웳튵뗄맦쒣ꆢ랢햹뷗뛎ꆢ탐튵쳘뗣ꆢ랢햹햽싔살훆뚨ꎬ늻춬뗄릤쾵춳믡룸웳튵듸살늻춬킧맻ꆣ릤쾵춳뷡릹뗄죽훖샠탍ꎺ?ꋅퟮ볲떥뗄ퟶ램ꆪ헻룶웳튵횻폐튻룶릤샠탍?헢훖릤샠탍횻폐튻룶벶뇰믲튻룶뿭듸ꎬ튲뻍쫇쮵ꎬ쯹폐뗄풱릤늻맜쫇쓄룶횰쓜늿쏅ꎬ쫴폚춬튻룶릤샠탍ꎬ뚼쫇튻룶릤뗄벶뇰쳥쾵ꆣ헢쫇튻룶뇈뷏볲떥뗄뷏돵벶뗄ퟶ램ꆣ?폅뗣ꎺ헢훖ퟶ램ퟮ듳뗄뫃뒦ꎬ뻍쫇쯹폐뗄풱릤뚼뿉틔췹헢룶샠탍샯쳗ꎬ릤맜샭뇈뷏볲떥ꎬ늻탨튪헫뛔늻춬뗄늿쏅짨솢늻춬뗄릤뇪ힼꆣ?좱뗣ꎺ룷튵컱늿쏅횮볤믡쿠뮥뇈뷏ꎬ틲캪퓚웳튵샯ꎬ룷튵컱늿쏅뗄뗘캻쫇폐쟸뇰뗄ꎬ룸 31
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 릫쮾뗄튵컱듸살뗄펰쿬쫇늻튻퇹뗄ꆣ뇈죧ꎬ솽룶춬쪱뷸릫쮾뗄풱릤ꎬ튻룶퓚닆컱늿ꎬ튻룶퓚쿺쫛늿ꎬ뛸쟒믹놾샺뫍룷랽쏦뗄쟩뿶뚼닮늻뛠ꎬ솽쓪틔뫳ꎬ춨뎣쿺쫛늿뗄풱릤릤쓃뗃뛠ꆣ틲캪쿺쫛퓚웳튵뗄튵컱쇷돌훐뒦폚쇺춷뗘캻ꎬ웳튵탨튪룸폨룼뛠뗄룼잿뗄벤샸닅쓜췆뚯헻룶릫쮾뗄튵컱랢햹ꆣ쯹틔죧맻내벶뇰놾짭살붲ꎬ솽쓪틔뫳솽죋뚼뿉쓜듓컥벶쳡짽떽쇹벶ꎬ떫쫇듓룶죋릤랽쏦살붲ꎬ쿺쫛죋풱뿏뚨믡뎬맽닆컱죋풱ꆣ헢훖춬튻릤샠탍뫍벶뇰뗄늻춬풱릤뻍튪엊뇈ꎬ탎돉튻훖탄샭뗄늻욽뫢ꎬ듓뛸ퟨ낭웳튵랢햹ꆣ?ꋆ룹뻝늻춬뗄횰쓜늿쏅훆뚨?늻춬샠탍뗄늿쏅훆뚨춬튻룶릤샠탍ꎬퟮ춨뎣뗄ퟶ램쫇ꎺ쫐뎡ꆢ쿺쫛뗈튵컱잰쿟뗄늿쏅닉폃튻룶릤샠탍ꎬ틲캪쯻쏇뗄릤ퟷ탔훊닮늻뛠ꎬ뇋듋볤튲뿉틔쿠뇈ꎻ벼쫵늿쏅ꎬ뇈죧퇐랢ꆢ릤돌늿ꎬ뿉쓜짺닺늿뗄튻늿럖튲퓚웤훐ꎬ쫇벼쫵훷떼탍뗄ꎬ헢킩춬샠탍뗄늿쏅ퟩ돉튻룶릤샠탍ꎻ탐헾ꆢ닆컱ꆢ죋쫂탐헾늿쏅ꎬ뻍쫇탐헾늿쏅뗄튻킩릤샠탍ꆣ?폅뗣ꎺ냑춬샠탔훊뗄튵컱늿쏅맩퓚튻웰ꆣ뇈떥튻뗄릤쳥쾵튪짔캢폐쯹쟸뇰ꎬퟶ릤뇪ힼ뗄쪱뫲ꎬ뿉쓜튪폐죽헅뇭ꆣ?좱뗣ꎺ벸쓪틔뫳ꎬ훰붥뗘튲믡돶쿖샠쯆뗚튻훖릤샠탍엶떽뗄컊쳢ꆣ뇈죧쮵ꎬ닆컱늿쏅뗄죋뿉쓜믡폫죋솦풴늿쏅뇈ꎬ믲헟쫇쿺쫛늿쏅뗄죋룺쫐뎡늿쏅뇈ꆣ틲캪뇏뺹쯻쏇뗄횰쓜탔훊뮹쫇폐쟸뇰ꎬ늻쓜쮵튻퇹뗄톧샺쟩뿶ꎬ튻퇹뗄릤ퟷ쓪쿞ꎬ믲튻퇹뗄샺뻍쓃튻퇹뗄릤ꆣ틲캪릤뫜뛠쟩뿶쿂믡쫜튵벨뗄펰쿬ꎬ뻍믡돶쿖쟸뇰ꆣ?ꋇ횰쓜뮯뗄릤쳥쾵?튪뿋럾틔짏솽훖릤샠탍듦퓚뗄컊쳢ꎬ뇈뷏잰컀뗄튻훖ퟶ램뻍쫇짨볆횰쓜뮯뗄릤쳥쾵ꆣ횰쓜뮯뗄릤쳥쾵뗄튻룶믹놾뗄쮼슷뻍쫇ꎬ폐벸룶횰쓜늿쏅뻍폐벸룶릤샠탍ꎬ짵훁쎿튻룶릤샠탍샯짨벸룶벶뇰ꎬ벶뇰횮볤뗄럹뛈뗈맘볼뗄릤맜샭뗄튻킩짨볆튪쟳믲짨볆뇪ힼ뚼늻튻퇹ꎬ췪좫룹뻝놾늿쏅뗄쳘뗣살뚨ꆣ?쿂쏦틔횰쓜뮯뗄릤샠뇰캪샽살짨볆릤쾵춳ꆣ쇭췢솽훖맜샭룼죝틗ꎬ뿉틔샠췆ꆣ?ꋙ릤샠탍훐뗄릤벶뇰?춬튻릤샠탍훐쒳튻횰캻벶뇰뿉틔짨훃죴룉릤벶뇰ꎬ폃뗄뷏뛠쫇?떽?벶ꆣ튻냣횰캻벶뇰폫릤벶뇰쿠튻훂ꎬ늿럖웳튵튲폐튻룶횰캻벶뇰냼몬?떽?룶릤벶뇰ꎬ쫓웳튵뗄맦쒣뫍튵컱뢴퓓돌뛈뛸틬ꆣ풭퓲쫇쳥쿖쟸뇰폖죝틗닙ퟷꆣ?뚨벶돽펦뫍횰캻쿠뛔펦ꎬ뛸쟒튪뾼싇떽ퟮ뗍횰캻뫍ퟮ룟뗄횰캻ꎬ폈웤쫇ퟮ룟횰캻ꆣ횰캻 32
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 뫍죎횰죋풱쫇폐쟸뇰뗄ꎬ폐튻킩횰캻쳥쾵샯폐ꎬ떫쫇폐뿉쓜쎻폐죋죎횰ꆣ틲캪떱폐죋살죎횰뗄쪱뫲ꎬ튻뚨튪폐튻룶릤쾵춳살횧돖ꎬ럱퓲쫇늻뫏쫊뗄ꆣ?ꋚ릤벶뇰훐뗄럹뛈?춬튻횰컱벶뇰훐뗄ퟮ뗍릤폫ퟮ룟릤횮볤뗄랶캧ꎬ헢튻횸뇪ퟮ쓜쳥쿖웳튵뛔룶죋벨킧벤샸뗄솦뛈ꆣퟮ룟벶뇰럹뛈펦룟폚놾벶뇰ퟮ뗍릤뗄㌰?떽〥ꎬ뇈샽풽듳벤샸솦뛈풽듳ꆣ??ꋛ릤벶뇰볤뗄뗝퓶럹뛈?릤벶뇰볤뗄뗝퓶럹뛈랴펳솬탸솽룶벶뇰횮볤룷ퟔퟮ뗍릤뗄뗝퓶럹뛈ꎬ뻍쫇벶뇰횮볤뗄벶닮ꆣ벶닮첫킡ꎬ늻쓜쳥쿖킽돪럖엤뗄벤샸탔풭퓲ꎬ믡펰쿬풱릤믽벫탔ꎻ닮뻠첫듳뿉쓜믡퓬돉풱릤뗄늻췅뷡ꎬ튲뿉쓜믡쪹킽돪돉놾뎬맽웳튵횧뢶쓜솦ꆣ춨뎣퓚㌰?떽㘰?횮볤ꆣ??릤쾵춳짨볆ퟮ믹놾뗄횸떼쮼쿫ꎬ틲캪룚캻뿕좱늻ퟜ쫇폐뗄ꎬ떫죧맻풱릤ퟶ뗃뮹뿉틔ꎬ튲펦룃룸쯻튻룶헇릤뗄럹뛈ꎬ쯻쎻폐믺믡뷺짽ꎬ쓇퓚놾룚캻짏뮹펦룃폐튻킩뿕볤뿉틔췹짏ퟟꎬ쯹틔튻냣뗄릤쾵춳뚼믡폐붻닦ꎬ헢쫇튻룶쳘뗣ꆣ?쇭췢튻룶쳘뗣쫇ꎬ뗝퓶럹뛈뫍벶뇰럹뛈튻퇹ꎬ냙럖뇈풽듳ꎬ쮵쏷릫쮾뗄벤샸솦뛈풽듳ꆣ뇈샽풽듳ꎬ뇭쏷튻룶웳튵쯹폐횰캻훐ꎬ룟횰캻뗄릤룺뗍횰캻뗄릤닮뇰풽듳ꎬ킧맻뻍쫇벤샸풱릤뗄벨킧ꎬ벨킧뫃뗄ꎬ뻍뿉틔췹룟뗄횰캻뷺짽ꎬ룟뗄횰캻뻍틢캶ퟅ룟믘놨ꆣ?戮떥튻횰캻뗄릤뷡릹?뷡릹뮯뗄릤맜샭냼삨릤쾵춳뗄뷡릹뫍횰캻릤뗄뷡릹ꆣ떥튻횰캻뗄릤뷡릹뻍쫇믹놾릤ꆢ뢡뚯릤뫍붱뷰ꆣ?ꋅ만뚨릤?춨뎣뛸퇔ꎬ믹놾릤쫇뛔룃횰캻믹놾횰쓜뫍믹놾릱쿗뗄믘놨ꎬ튲쫇뛔풱릤믹놾쫕죫뫍믹놾짺믮쮮욽뗄놣헏ꆣ?ꋆ뢡뚯릤뫍붱뷰?뢡뚯릤뫍붱뷰쫇뛔풱릤퓚쒳튻쪱웚쓚뻟쳥뗄튵벨뫍릱쿗뗄움볛뫍믘놨ꆣ뢡뚯릤뗄튻룶쳘뗣쫇풱릤뿏뚨뿉틔좡뗃ꎬ떫좡뗃뗄쫽솿룺쯻뗄튵벨횱뷓쿠맘ꎬ쯹틔뷐뢡뚯릤ꎻ붱뷰룺 33
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 만뚨릤뫍뢡뚯릤뗄쟸뇰뻍쫇늻쓜웚췻튻뚨믡폐ꎬ췪좫룹뻝웳튵뗄쟩뿶쯦믺룸뗄튻룶붱샸ꆣ?ꋇ떥튻횰캻릤뗄뷡릹뇈샽?떥튻횰캻릤뗄뷡릹뇈샽벴만뚨릤ꆢ뢡뚯릤ꆢ뿉쓜뗄붱뷰뗄욽뻹횵횮볤뗄뇈샽ꆣ춨뎣웳튵훐뗄뗍벶횰캻뫍맜샭샠횰캻ꎬ웤만뚨릤쯹햼뗄뇈샽뫜듳ꎬ퓚㜰?떽〥횮볤ꎻ뛸쫐뎡튵컱죋풱뫍뺭펪닣룟벶맜샭횰캻ꎬ웤뢡뚯릤쯹햼뗄뇈샽뷏듳ꎬ퓚㌰?ꆪ㘰?횮볤ꎬ쮵쏷헢튻뇈샽퓚횰캻뗄늻춬샠탍뫍늻춬벶뇰볤폐뫜듳닮틬ꎬ쯼랴펳룃횰캻쳘쫢뗄릤ퟷ탔훊뫍벤샸뗄랽램ꆣ?만뚨릤ꆢ뢡뚯릤뫍붱뷰뗄뇈샽쫗쿈쫇평튵컱횰쓜뻶뚨뗄ꆣ쿺쫛늿쏅뗄튵벨ꎬ훷튪쫇뾿뚩떥ꆢ뾿튵컱솿살뫢솿ꎻ뛸죋솦풴늿쏅풱릤벨킧뾼뫋뗄뇪ힼ퓲늻춬ꎬ풱릤릤ퟷ뇭쿖믽벫폫럱ꎬ튻냣듳풼??㌰?뗄쟸뇰ꆣ?쇭췢튻룶틲쯘쫇벶뇰뗄늻춬ꆣ뇈죧벶뇰뗍뗄쿺쫛죋풱ꎬ췪좫뾿룶죋뗄얬솦ꎬ쯹틔뢡뚯릤뇈샽뻍룟튻킩ꎬ떫쫇벶뇰룟쇋틔뫳ꎬ뇈죧쿺쫛뺭샭믲쿺쫛늿쏅뗄ퟜ볠ꎬ웤릤ퟷ훐뮹폐맜샭횰쓜ꎬ맜샭횰쓜쿠뛔살붲뎤웚닅쓜볻킧틦ꎬ쯹틔만뚨릤뇈샽뻍룟튻킩ꆣ?웳튵뗄뻶닟닣ꎬ뢡뚯릤뗄뇈샽튲쫇뫜듳뗄ꆣ틲캪릫쮾뗄뺭펪튵벨쫇뾿웤뎤웚뗄얬솦뗃살뗄ꎬ쯹틔벴쪹쯻믹놾릤뗄쫽뛮늻짙ꎬ떫캪쇋벤샸쯻쓜릻냑헻룶릫쮾뺭펪뗃룼뫃ꎬ뻍냑쯻뗄킽쮮횱뷓룺릫쮾뗄킧틦맒짏릳ꎬ쯹틔웤뢡뚯릤뗄뇈샽튲뷏듳ꎬ튻냣뚼믡퓚㌰?떽㐰?ퟳ폒ꆣ?㈮㌮?웳튵풱릤릤뗷헻믺훆 愮쓪뛈릤뗷헻?훆뚨쓪뛈릤뗷헻ꎬ웳튵죋솦풴늿쏅탨튪룹뻝릤쫐뎡뗷닩뫍웳튵뗄뺭펪ힴ뿶ꎬ훆뚨튻룶릤뗄뗷헻볆뮮ꆣ?ꋅ웳튵욽뻹퓶뎤럹뛈뗄뻶뚨ꆣퟶ튻룶릤랽낸ꎬ쫗쿈튪뻶뚨쓪뛈뗄뗷럹뛈ꆣ떱좻헢튪룹뻝쫐뎡뗄풤닢ꎬퟶퟜ쳥뗄듳뗄풤쯣볆뮮ꆣ?ꋆ룷늿쏅룷횰캻뗄쫐뎡믹ힼ릤ꆣ쫗쿈튪쾸뮯떽룷튵컱늿쏅뾴뗷헻쫽솿뫍뇈샽뗄듳룅쟩뿶ꎬ좻뫳퓚늻춬횰캻짏ꎬ샽죧좷뚨룟닣ꆢ훐닣ꆢ믹닣맜샭죋풱뗷헻럹뛈ꎬ벼쫵릤죋뗷헻럹뛈ꎬ냬릫쫒뗄횰풱뗷헻럹뛈ꆣ틲캪쿠뛔살쮵룷늿쏅룷횰캻뚼쫇늻춬뗄좺쳥ꎬ쯻쏇뗄릤쮮욽뫍쫐뎡뗄뇤뮯쟩뿶튲늻튻퇹ꎬ뛔튵뗄죋솦풴쫐뎡살붲헢킩뚼쫇쿠뛔뛀솢뗄럖쫐뎡ꎬퟶ볆뮮쪱ꎬ뿉폐헫뛔탔ꎬ틲캪쫐뎡놾짭ꆢ쫐뎡맦싉뻍쫇죧듋ꆣ? 34
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 ꋇ늻춬튵벨뗄뗷럹뛈랶캧?닎헕룚캻뗄쫐뎡뗷헻럹뛈ꆣ뫜뛠웳튵뚼틑뺭ퟶ떽늻춬뗄룚캻ꎬ늻춬뗄뇪ힼ횰캻뫍쫐뎡쮮욽횱뷓ퟷ뛔뇈ꎬ틔뻶뚨헢킩횰캻놾쓪헇럹ꆣ듓헢죽룶닣듎짏살좷뚨웳튵릤뗄뗷헻럹뛈ꎬ닅쓜룺짏헻룶쫐뎡뗄욽뻹쮮욽ꆣ웳튵릤뗷헻럹뛈뮹탨튪쳥쿖릫쮾튵벨짏뗄닠훘뗣ꆣ뇈죧쮵쿺쫛늿쏅뛔웳튵살붲럇뎣훘튪ꎬ죧맻웳튵욽뻹뗷헻럹뛈쫇⸵?ꎬ쿺쫛늿쏅뿉쓜ㄱ?ꎬ믲헟ㄱ⸵?ꎬ떫쫇늻믡닮뇰첫뛠ꎬ럱퓲랴닮믡뫜듳ꆣ?戮풱릤뗷뚯릤ퟷ룚캻뗄릤뗷헻?퓚튻냣쟩뿶쿂뗄릤ퟷ뗷뚯쫇늻믡헇릤뗄ꆣ떫쫇풱릤튵벨뇭쿖뇈뷏폅탣ꎬ뛸쟒쫇뗷좥룼훘튪뗄룚캻ꎬ헢쫇릫쮾뛔쯻뗄튻훖붱샸ꎬ믲헟쫇뛔쯻튵벨뗄뿏뚨ꎬ죃쯻좥ퟶ룼훘튪뗄릤ퟷꎬ믲헟횰퓰랶캧폐튻뚨뗄삩듳ꎬ떫쫇듓벶뇰붲폖뮹쎻떽뷺짽뗄돌뛈ꎬ뿉틔짔캢뗘뗷헻릤ꎬ떫믹놾짏쎻폐듳럹뛈뗄뗷헻ꆣ춨뎣살붲ꎬ헢룶릤뗄헇럹쫇튻룶쫊떱뗄릤쳡짽ꆣ?挮펦뛔쫐뎡캣믺뛸닉좡뗄풱릤릤웕뇩뗷헻?죧맻돶쿖쫐뎡캣믺쇋ꎬ뇈죧웳튵뗄릤웕뇩욫뗍ꎬ뛔릫쮾퓬돉뇈뷏퇏훘뗄펰쿬ꎬ풱릤쇷쪧퇏훘ꎬ웳튵탨튪ퟶ돶랴펦ꎬ뿉쓜퓚뫜듳랶캧쓚룸풱릤뷸탐릤뗷헻ꎬ떫튪룹뻝튵벨폐쯹닠훘ꆣ?죧맻쫐뎡랢햹뫜뿬ꎬ튻킩웳튵뻍죝틗돶쿖캣믺ꆣ샽죧튻킩룟뿆벼웳튵짵훁헻룶쫐뎡짏릤뇤뮯뗄쯙뛈쳘뇰뿬ꎬ퓚튻솽쓪쓚웳튵뻟쳥뗄릤뇪ힼ뻍믡풶풶실뫳폚쫐뎡뗄욽뻹쮮욽ꆣ죧맻ퟶ쓪뛈킽뗷닩뗄쪱뫲ꎬ쎻폐랢쿖헢룶컊쳢ꎬ폈웤쫇쓇킩맘볼룚캻ꎬ쓇킩훘튪뗄벼쫵늿쏅ꆢ쿺쫛늿쏅ꆢ튵컱늿쏅ꎬ뺺헹뛔쫖쳡짽뗃뫜뿬ꎬ떫쫇웳튵쎻폐룺짏ꎬ쒳룶늿쏅뗄맇룉풱릤춻좻ퟟ쇋㔥짵훁?ꎬ헢뛔웳튵뗄튵컱돥믷뫜듳ꆣ헢쪱웳튵춨맽룸룶뇰죋헇릤ꎬ뚼뫜쓑뿘훆죋풱쇷쪧뗄럧쿕ꆣ?웳튵탨튪뫜뿬닉좡뗄듫쪩쫇릤퓶뎤웕뇩뗷헻ꎬ떫튪폐쯹닠훘ꆣ룸쒳킩맇룉늿쏅믲헟훘튪뗄튵컱늿쏅ꎬ짵훁헻룶릫쮾뗄랶캧쓚뷸탐웕뇩뗄릤뗷헻ꆣ떱좻헢룶웕뇩뗷헻튲쫇폐닠훘뗄ꎬ튻냣살붲늻믡쯹폐횰쓜늿쏅ꎬ죧쿺쫛ꆢ쫐뎡ꆢ닆컱ꆢ짺닺ꆢ뫳쟚ꆢ죋솦풴ꆢ냬릫쫒ꎬ뚼췹짏쳡?믲㈰?ꆣ룷늿쏅뗄릤헇럹뿏뚨믡늻튻퇹ꎬ늢쟒튪뿬쯙벰쪱ꎬ헢퇹닅쓜폐킧ퟨ횹죋풱쇷쪧뗄쟣쿲ꆣ뿉틔뚨튻룶뇪ힼꎬ맽좥벨킧ퟶ뗃뇈뷏뫃뗄ꎬ폖쫇맘볼뗄튵컱늿쏅ꎬ헇럹뿉틔룟뗣ꎬ뇈죧㈰?ꎻ짔캢닮튻뗣뗄뿉쓜쫇ㄵ?ꎬ?ꎬ뺡뿉쓜삭뾪닮뻠ꆣ?搮탂풱릤짏룚뫍쫔폃웚싺릤뗄뗷헻? 35
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쫔폃웚릤뗄뗷헻웤쪵쫇룺탂풱릤뗄웰뗣릤뗄훆뚨폐횱뷓맘쾵뗄ꆣ?ꋅ탂풱릤짏룚뫍쫔폃웚싺릤뗄뗷헻ꆣ죧맻퓚쫔폃웚닉좡뗄쫇뇈뷏뷷짷뗄ퟶ램ꎬ헽뫳뿉틔헇뗃럹뛈짔듳ꆣ쫔폃웚쫇뾼달웚ꎬ믡룹뻝웤쪵볊쓜솦뫍튵벨쓜솦쫇럱싺ퟣ웳튵뗄튪쟳ꎬ퓙ퟶ튻듎릤뗷헻ꆣ뇈뷏듳뗄믲뇈뷏맦랶뗄웳튵튻냣맦뚨쫔폃웚뗄뗷헻폐튻룶만뚨뗄랶캧ꎬ듳룅뻍퓚㈰?틔쓚ꆣ?ꋆ웰뗣릤뗄뚨램?ꋙ쿖퓚쫐뎡짏듳톧짺탂죫횰릤닮뻠쳘뇰듳ꎬ펦뷬뇏튵짺뗄웰뗣릤쫐뎡탐쟩펦떱폫웳튵릤뷡릹뗄욽뫢ꆣ웳튵룸탂풱릤뗄웰뗣릤탨튪듓솽랽쏦뾼싇ꎺ쫗쿈쫇웳튵놾짭뗄릤뷡릹ꆣ듳톧짺뷸릫쮾틔뫳퓚쪲쎴퇹뗄룚캻ꎬퟶ쪲쎴퇹뗄릤ퟷꎬ쯻뗄룚캻릤튪뺡뿉쓜뗘룺쿖폐뗄룚캻릤뷓짏맬ꎬ죧맻뷓늻짏뗄뮰ꎬ닮뻠튲늻튪첫듳ꆣ틲캪듳톧짺쫇튻룶뇈뷏쳘쫢뗄풱릤살풴ꎬ죧맻췪좫내쒿잰뗄릤뇪ힼ좥헐뗄뮰ꎬ늻쓜헐떽ퟮ폅탣뗄듳톧짺ꎬ쯹틔탨튪짔캢룟튻뗣ꎬ떫쫇닮뻠늻튪첫듳ꆣ웤듎쫇샍뚯솦쫐뎡탐쟩ꆣ뻍쫇쇋뷢쪵솦뫍쫐뎡펰쿬솦쿠떱뗄뺺헹뛔쫖춨뎣룸듳톧짺쳡릩뗄릤뇪ힼ쫇퓵퇹뗄ꎬ웳튵쿫퓚쓄킩듳톧헐울ꎬ쓇킩듳톧춨뎣뚼평쓄킩웳튵퓚헐울ꎬ쯻쏇뗄릤뇪ힼ듳룅쫇퓵퇹뗄ꆣ룹뻝ퟔ벺뗄웳튵ힴ뿶ꎬ쏷좷춬샠탍뗄뺺헹웳튵ꎬ놣돖춬퇹믲짔룟뗄릤쮮욽뻍뿉틔쇋ꆣ?ꋚ짧믡헐울죋풱뗄웰뗣릤펦떱폫놾죋풭릤ꆢ웳튵춬룚캻릤ꆢ탂풱릤웚췻뗄웰뗣릤뗄욽뫢ꆣ튻냣짧믡헐울죋풱뗄릤떯탔폫룟킣뇏튵짺뗄릤떯탔쿠뇈뮹킡튻뗣ꆣ죧맻튻룶죋틑뺭폐릤ퟷ뺭퇩ꎬ뛸쟒퓚풭살뗄횰캻짏뇈뷏컈뚨ꎬ늻쫇뺭뎣쳸닛뗄쓇훖ꎬ쯻뛔ퟔ벺뗄릤쫕죫뻍믡폐튻룶웚췻ꆣ헽뎣쟩뿶쿂뗄죋닅쇷뚯ꎬ훁짙튪쓃?ꆫ㈰?뗄퓶뎤닅쓜쟫떽쯻ꎬ쿱튻킩튵컱횰캻ꆢ맜샭횰캻룼쫇죧듋ꆣ?쯹틔듓짧믡헐울죋풱뗄쪱뫲ꎬ탨튪뾼싇놾죋풭릤ꆢ웳튵춬룚캻릤ꆢ탂풱릤웚췻뗄웰뗣릤뗄욽뫢뗈틲쯘ꎬ퓚헢벸룶뗣횮볤헒떽튻룶욽뫢뗣ꎬ좷뚨듓짧믡짏헐울죋풱쪲쎴퇹뗄웰뗣릤믡뇈뷏뫏쫊ꆣ?ꋛ쇔춷췆볶죋풱뗄웰뗣릤?쇔춷췆볶죋풱뗄웰뗣릤튻냣튲튪뾼싇쫐뎡탐쟩ꆣ틲캪쫇쇔춷릫쮾췆볶뗄죋닅ꎬ뿏뚨튪뮨듳놾잮ꆣ튻냣?떽㈰?뗄퓶뎤쫇헽뎣뗄ꆣ튻냣쇔춷릫쮾췆볶뗄죋풱뿏뚨폐헢퇹튻룶잰쳡ꎺ틲캪쯻퓚풭웳튵릤ퟷ뗃뫜폅탣ꎬ쯹틔쓣닅믡헒떽쯻ꎬ늢쟒풸틢뮨듳놾잮ꆣ럱퓲쯻뻍늻펦룃돉캪놻쇔뗄뛔쿳ꆣ튪냑헢퇹뗄죋듓쿖폐뗄횰캻짏틽뷸떽쓣뗄웳튵샯살ꎬ뿏뚨튪룸쯻튻룶틧볛ꎬ 36
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 벴뛮췢뗄붱샸ꆣ튻냣쫇믹놾릤믲쯻풭살킽ퟜ뛮㈰?뗄쳡짽ꎬ떱좻죧맻쫇튻킩뫜맘볼ꆢ뫜쳘쫢뗄룚캻ꎬ쳘뇰죈쏅믲뛌좱뗄횰캻ꎬ뿉쓜룼룟ꆣ?攮풱릤뷺짽뫍쿠펦뗄릤뗷헻?풱릤뷺짽뗄쳵볾훷튪쫇틲튵컱탨튪ꎬ쟒룟벶뇰짏폐뿕좱믲풱릤놾룚캻튵벨폅탣ꎬ뛸쟒뇭쿖돶돉뎤뗄잱솦ꎬ폐쓜솦쪤죎룼듳뗄횰퓰ꆣ?뷺짽튪폐쿔훸뗄릤뗄쳡짽ꎬ틲캪풱릤캪릫쮾ퟶ뗄릱쿗퓶볓쇋ꎬ뢺퓰뗄랶캧삩듳쇋ꆣ뇈샽튪짔캢룟튻뗣ꎬ죧맻릤헇럹뷏뗍ꎬ쎻폐첫뛠뗄벤샸ퟷ폃ꎬ튲첸늻짏뷺짽ꆣ 37
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 ㌠맘힢ꎺ벯쳥킭짌훆뛈돉캪릤퓶뎤뗄훺췆웷?컒맺췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뗄뇘튪탔 컒맺퓚쿲쫐뎡뺭볃맽뛉맽돌훐ꎬ샍뚯뻍튵훆뛈랢짺쇋훘듳뗄룄뇤ꎬ믹폚샍뚯뫏춬닺짺뗄탂탍뗄맍훷ꆪ맍풱맘쾵좡듺쇋맺웳뗄훕짭뻍튵맘쾵ꎬ웳튵룄룯ꆢ룄훆틽랢뗄볦늢ꆢ훘ퟩꆢ웆닺뫍릤죋쿂룚뗈쿖쿳튲뇭쏷ꎬ맽좥쓇훖샻틦튻훂탔뗄룉좺맘쾵헽퓚놻톸쯙듲웆ꆣ웳튵ꆢ샍뚯헟룷ퟔ돉캪쿠뛔뛀솢뗄샻틦훷쳥뗄맘쾵믡돉캪쿖쪵ꆣ떫퓚컒맺쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆훰늽좷솢뗄맽돌훐ꎬ돶쿖쇋웳튵샍뚯솦릤퓶뎤뮺싽ꎬ릤짋쫂맊욵랢ꎬ짧믡뺭볃랢햹뗄뫃뒦쎻폐놻샍뚯헟룐쫜떽ꎬ뒴퓬닆뢻뗄죋쎻폐럖쿭떽닆뢻뗄퓶뎤뗈쿖쿳ꎬ웤볤쯹틾몬뗄샍뚯맘쾵늻뫍킳벰짧믡늻뫍킳틲쯘쫇쿖쪵뗄ꆣ듓춼3훐컒쏇뿉틔랢쿖ꎬ뗚튻ꎬ컒맺샍뚯헹틩뒦훰쓪짏짽뗄첬쫆ꆣ웳튵샍쎬뛜춹쿔ꎬ샍뻀럗뚸퓶ꎬ듳솿릤죋쿂룚ꎬ뺲ퟸꆢ떡릤ꆢ냕릤ꆢ좺쳥탔쫂볾뫍춻랢탔쫂볾욵랱ꎬ샍뚯헹틩뗄쫽솿돊늻뛏짏짽뗄쟷쫆ꎻ뗚뛾ꎬ샍뚯놨돪뻀럗쯹햼샍뚯헹틩뇈샽쫇ퟮ듳ꎨ볻춼4ꎩ뗄ꎬ뛸쟒돊욽컈짏짽쟷쫆ꆣ뿉볻릤컊쳢쫇컒맺샍뚯맘쾵뗄뫋탄컊쳢ꆣ 춼㌠′〰??㈰〶샍 뚯헹틩낸볾쫽솿?쫽뻝살풴ꎺ훐맺춳?볆쓪본?㈰〷ꆣ? ? 38
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 춼㐠?샺쓪룷샠탍샍뚯?헹틩낸볾뗄뇈샽뇤뮯?쫽뻝살풴ꎺ훐맺샍뚯춳볆쓪본ꎬ㈰〷ꆣ? 뿉볻ꎬ뮺뫍샍뚯맘쾵ꎬ뮯뷢샍뚯쎬뛜ꎬ릤컊쳢쫇맘볼ꆣ릤ퟷ캪샍뚯솦쫐뎡짏뗄튪쯘볛룱ꎬ춨맽샍뚯솦릩쟳맘쾵뗷뷚릤ꎬ횻쓜뛔쫐뎡릤싊탎돉훆풼ꆢ펰쿬ꎬ뛸늻쓜횱뷓뻶뚨룷룶웳튵릤싊뗄뇤뚯ꆣ횻폐춨맽쒳훖믺훆퇓짬떽웳튵쓚늿ꎬ평웳튵쓚늿샍뚯솦릩쟳쮫랽쿠뮥훆풼ꎬ뷸뛸탎돉릤ퟔ컒풼쫸믺훆ꆣ헢훖웳튵릤ퟔ컒풼쫸튲살ퟔ웳튵뗄늻춬샻틦훷쳥ꎬ웳튵늻춬샻틦훷쳥튲쫇릹퓬웳튵릤ퟔ컒풼쫸믺훆뗄훷쳥ꎬ벴맍풱뫍맍훷ꎬ잰헟ힷ쟳릤ퟮ듳뮯ꎬ뫳헟훷튪듺뇭돶헟샻틦ힷ쟳샻죳ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ쯹틔퓚듺뇭맍풱뗄릤믡뫍맍훷횮볤붨솢튻훖쿠뮥틀듦쿠뮥훆뫢뗄맘쾵ꎬ춨맽죋캪뗄솦솿폐킧틽떼ꎨ믲풼쫸ꎩꎬ닅쓜쪹릤뎯ퟅ뫏샭뗄뇪ힼ뇤뚯ꆣ붨솢헢훖틀듦훆뫢뗄맘쾵뗄믹뒡뻍쫇붨솢릤뗄벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆣ?죧맻쮵벯쳥첸에퓚샺쪷랢뛋돵웚뷶틔싺ퟣ릤죋릤ퟷ뫍짺믮쳵볾룄짆캪ힷ쟳뗄뮰ꎬ쓇쎴뺭샺쇋㈰?뛠쓪랢햹ꎬ벯쳥첸에틑뺭ퟷ캪튻훖훆뛈쳥쿖쇋릤죋듓컯훊떽뺫짱랢햹햸탂뗄볛횵ꆣ벯쳥첸에훆뛈뗄램뚨탎쪽듦퓚쫓캪맍풱뗄뫋탄믹놾좨샻ꎬퟷ캪짧믡뛔뮰뗄튻훖램뚨듦퓚탎쪽ꎬ벯쳥첸에붫쪹릤죋틔훷죋뛸럇놻맍펶헟뗄놻뚯뷇즫닎볓짧믡붨짨ꎬ늢퓚럖쿭짧믡췅뷡뫍탅죎뗄볛횵맛쿂듙뷸짧믡뫍킳랢햹ꆣ?벯쳥첸에튲캪맍훷쳡릩쇋튻훖훆뛈벤샸쫖뛎ꎬ틔쳡룟맜샭뫍짺닺킧싊ꆣ튻랽쏦쪹웳튵뗄뺭펪쒿뇪돉캪뺭펪헟폫샍뚯헟뗄릲춬쒿뇪뫍퓰죎ꎻ쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ퓚놣횤쪵쿖웳튵짺닺뺭펪쒿뇪뗄믹뒡짏쳡룟샍뚯헟뗄샍뚯놨돪ꎬ룄짆샍뚯쳵볾ꎬ쪹웳튵뫍샍뚯헟횮볤헦헽탎돉쒿뇪릲뚨ꆢ킧틦릲뒴ꆢ퓰죎릲뢺ꆢ샻틦릲쿭뫍럧쿕릲떣뗄샻틦릲춬쳥ꆣ룹뻝맺볊샍릤ퟩ횯뫍얷훞릤믡솪뫏믡ퟮ탂쳡릩뗄벯쳥첸에움맀놨룦뾴ꎬ룷맺벯쳥첸에훆뛈틑뺭ퟷ캪튻룶컈뚨뗄ꎬ퓚램싉놣뮤쿂뗄훆뛈웕뇩듦퓚폚쫀뷧훷튪랢듯맺볒뗄샍맘쾵훐ꎬ돉캪뗷뷚샍퓚쫐뎡뺭볃쒣쪽쿂샻틦 39
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 럖엤뗄룹놾훆뛈탔놣헏ꆣ?㌮?컒맺췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뗄쿖ힴ?㌮㈮?컥룶랽쏦췆뚯릤벯쳥킭짌?퓧퓚ㄹ㤵쓪ꎬ쯦ퟅꆶ샍뚯램ꆷ뗄냤늼쪵쪩ꎬ컒맺틑뾪쪼틀램췆탐벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈ꆣ㈰〰쓪ㄱ퓂ꎬ풭샍뚯놣헏늿랢늼뗄ꆶ릤벯쳥킭짌쪵탐냬램ꆷꎬ쏷좷쇋웳튵폫횰릤뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌뗄믹놾맦퓲ꎬ늢튪쟳퓚좫맺훰늽췆탐ꆣ떽㈰〳쓪뗗ꎬ풭샍뚯놣헏늿냤늼뗄ꆶ벯쳥뫏춬맦뚨ꆷꎬ좷솢쇋벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뗄램싉뗘캻ꆣ퓚듋믹뒡짏ꎬ룷뗘틔릫폐훆웳튵ꆢ룄훆뗄맺폐웳튵뫍벯쳥웳튵캪훘뗣ꎬ뷸튻늽볓듳췆뚯릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ솦뛈ꆣ쯦뫳ꎬ벯쳥킭짌랶캧늻뛏삩듳떽럇릫폐훆킡웳튵믲춬탐튵웳튵뇈뷏벯훐뗄뗘쟸ꆢ얩쏱릤뇈뷏벯훐뗄탐튵ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ좫맺㌱룶쪡ꎨ쟸ꆢ쫐ꎩ뚼늻춬돌뛈뗘뾪햹쇋릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷꆣ뷘횹떽㈰〷쓪뗗ꎬ좫맺릤벯쳥뫏춬잩뚩㌴⸳췲럝ꎬ뇈㈰〶쓪퓶볓ㄲ?ꎻ뢲룇웳튵㘲⸲췲볒ꎬ뇈㈰〶쓪퓶볓ㄸ?ꎬ뇈㈰〳쓪퓶볓ㄱ㈥ꎻ뢲룇횰릤㌹㘸⸶췲죋ꎬ뇈㈰〶쓪퓶볓㘥ꎬ뇈㈰〳쓪퓶볓?ꆣ퓚췆뚯뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ훐ꎬ좫ퟜ튪쟳룷벶릤믡냑헢쿮릤ퟷퟷ캪캬좨믺훆붨짨뗄뫋탄쓚죝ꎬ룷뗘뗄ퟶ램맩쓉웰살훷튪폐컥훖ꎨ뇭?ꎩꆣ??뇭ꎱ?뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄컥훖훷튪ퟶ램?ퟶ램 뻟쳥듫쪩 헹좡붫믽벫킭훺뗘랽헾뢮붫웤쓉죫짧믡뺭볃랢햹맦뮮뫍뗷헻쫕죫럖엤헾닟횮훐ꎬ엤릤벯쳥킭뫏뗘랽헾뢮훆뚨릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ횸떼탔틢볻ꎬ늢붫붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뫍횰짌쓉죫뗘랽릤릤퓶뎤믺훆쓉죫헾뢮릤ퟷ뗄쒿뇪뾼뫋쳥쾵횮훐ꎬ붨솢떳헾훷떼ꎬ룷랽엤뫏ꆢ떳헾ퟜ쳥릤릤믡췆뚯뗄릤ퟷ믺훆ꆣ튻킩뗘쟸뮹냑웳튵붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌믺훆ퟷ캪뒴붨ꆰ샍뚯ퟷ늿쫰 맘쾵뫍킳웳튵ꆱꆢ움톡샍쒣뗈죫톡짪놨뗄튻욱럱뻶쳵볾ꎬ볓듳쇋췆뷸솦뛈ꆣ 틀췐킭놱뺩ꆢ쳬뷲ꆢ쇉쓾ꆢ짏몣ꆢ붭쯕ꆢ헣붭ꆢ뫓놱뗈쪡쫐ퟜ릤믡떥뛀믲믡춬폐맘뗷샍뚯맘쾵늿쏅솪뫏쿂랢맘폚릲춬췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄틢볻뗈컄볾ꎬ폐솦췆뚯쇋룷뗘릤죽랽믺훆뫏벯쳥킭짌믺훆붨짨ꆣ튻킩뗘랽릤믡틀뾿떳헾ꎬ틀췐샍뚯맘쾵죽랽믺릹ꎬ춨맽헙솦췆뷸 뾪쿖뎡믡ꆢ뺭퇩붻쇷믡뗈탎쪽ꎬ폐솦뗘췆뚯쇋릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷꆣ 40
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 룷벶릤믡튪쟳웳튵릤믡듺뇭횰릤틀램탐쪹릤벯쳥킭짌튪풼좨ꎬ냑벯훐튪풼폫뚯첬튪풼쿠뷡뫏ꎬ떥룶웳튵튪풼폫쟸폲ꆢ탐튵튪풼쿠쿎뷓ꆣ붭쯕쪡ퟜ릤믡폚2005쓪싊쿈퓚좫쪡웕춨뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌튪풼탐뚯49ꎬ늢솪뫏쪡샍뚯맘쾵죽랽릲뾪햹릤춬ퟶ돶늿쫰ꎬ좡뗃쇋쿔훸돉킧ꆣ2006쓪ꎬ쯄뒨ꆢ훘쟬ꆢ쟠떺뗈쪡쫐쿠볌랢컄ꎬ벯쳥킭짌뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌튪풼탐뚯ꎬ폐솦뗘췆뚯쇋릤벯쳥킭짌믺훆붨짨ꆣ캪폅뮯램훆튪풼탐뚯 뮷뺳ꎬ룷뗘릤믡볓듳풴춷닎폫솦뛈ꎬ믽벫췆뷸쿠맘솢램뫍붡좫룷쿮엤쳗훆뛈ꆣ뷘횹2008쓪뗗ꎬ좫맺틑폐21룶쪡ꎨ쟸ꆢ쫐ꎩ훆뚨쇋ꆰ벯쳥뫏춬맦뚨ꆱ믲ꆰ벯쳥뫏춬쳵샽ꆱꎬ캪뷸튻늽볓잿뫍맦랶릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ잩뚩릤벯쳥킭틩ꎬ쳡릩쇋룼볓쫊뫏놾뗘쟸뗄램싉틀뻝ꆣ 룷뗘릤믡퓚췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌맽돌훐ꎬ놾ퟅ틲웳훆틋ꎬ틲뗘훆틋뗄풭퓲ꎬ웳튵쓜릻떥뛀뷸탐릤벯쳥킭짌ꆢ잩뚩릤킭틩뗄ꎬ뻍떥뛀뷸탐릤벯쳥킭짌ꎻ퓚뾪햹쟸웳튵맦쒣뷏킡ꎬ릤믡솦솿뷏죵ꎬ늻쓜떥뛀뷸탐릤벯쳥킭짌뗄뗘랽ꎬퟅ훘ퟶ뫃탐폲탔ꆢ탐튵탔튵탔릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ뷼벸쓪ꎬ탐튵탔릤벯쳥킭짌랢햹뫜뿬ꎬ퓚붭쯕ꆢ헣붭ꆢ짏릤벯쳥킭몣ꆢ즽컷ꆢ즽뚫ꆢ쇉쓾뗈뗘ꎬ뫜뛠쿘ꎨ쟸ꎩꆢ쿧헲ꎨ뷖뗀ꎩ뗄춬튵탐튵ꎬ죧쎺뿳ꆢ짌 볒뗧ꆢ튽튩ꆢ닍틻ꆢힰ쫎ꆢ럄횯럾ힰꆢ쏀죝쏀랢뗈탐튵뚼붨솢쇋탐튵킭믡ꆢ탐튵릤믡솪뫏믡ꎬ늢뾪햹쇋탐튵탔릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ웤킭짌훘뗣훷튪쫇볆볾릤뗄릤쪱릤볛뫍탐튵릤훖ퟮ뗍릤ꆣ 볓잿횸뻝늻췪좫춳볆ꎬ쒿잰틑폐붭쯕ꆢ뫓놱ꆢ짏몣ꆢ쇉쓾ꆢ벪쇖ꆢ뫚쇺붭ꆢ뢣붨ꆢ떼뫍엠통ꎬ늻즽컷ꆢ즽뚫ꆢ놱뺩ꆢ맣뚫뗈쪡쫐뮹붨솢쇋ꆰ릤킭짌횸떼풱ꆱꆢꆰ캬좨킭맜풱ꆱ뗈뛏쳡룟킭짌룷뻟쳘즫뗄릤킭짌횸떼ꆢ톯ퟩ횯ꎬ폐솦뗘볓잿쇋뛔믹닣뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌릤듺뇭뗄킭짌ퟷ뗄횸떼뫍럾컱ꆣ 쓜솦 ㌮㈮?죽듳퇹놾쪾랶붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌?듓2000쓪훁뷱ꎬ룷뗘퓚틀램췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ랽쏦좡뗃쇋럡쮶뗄돉맻ꎬ웤훐ꎬ컂쇫ꆢ쓏뺩ꆢ싥퇴뗈뗘뗄ퟶ램뫍뺭퇩쿈뫳뗃떽훐퇫쇬떼틔벰좫ퟜ뗄룟뛈뿏뚨ꎬퟷ캪쪾랶퇹놾뷸탐좫 49 벯쳥킭짌튪풼탐뚯ꎬ쫇벯쳥킭짌훷쳥뗄죎뫎튻랽틀램뻍킭뗷샍뚯맘쾵쿠맘쫂틋?틔쫩쏦탎쪽쿲뛔랽쳡돶뷸탐벯쳥킭짌튪쟳뗄탐캪ꆣ 41
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 맺췆맣ꆣ 컂쇫퇹놾ꎺ춨맽탐튵릤믡ꎬ뾪햹탐튵탔릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ2003쓪ꎬ헣붭쪡컂쇫쫐퓚탂뫍퇲쎫지탐튵싊쿈뾪햹탐튵릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ벸쓪살ꎬ헣붭컂쇫쫐뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ좡뗃쇋탂뗄뷸햹뫍쿔훸돉킧ꎬ쿖틑퓚퇲쎫지ꆢ쮮뇃ꆢ훡돐ꆢ힢쯜ꆢ훆킬ꆢ뒬늰탞퓬뗈7룶탐튵훐뾪햹쇋탐튵릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ뢲룇웳튵600뛠볒ꎬ횰릤3췲뛠죋ꆣ뛔폚컂쇫뗄ퟶ램ꎬ뻟폐쪵볹첽쯷뗄틢틥ꎬ춨맽붨솢탐튵릫믡ꎬ뷸뛸뾪햹탐튵릤킭짌ꎬ캪릹붨뫍킳샍뚯맘쾵듲퓬쇋탂뗄욽첨ꆣ 쓏뺩퇹놾ꎺ쇬떼룟뛈훘쫓ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ쓏뺩쫐틑폐췲볒웳튵붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ쫜믝횰릤듯80뛠췲죋ꆣ쓏뺩뺭퇩ퟮ훘튪뗄튻쳵ꎬ뻍쫇쫐쇬떼뛔헢쿮릤ퟷ룟뛈훘쫓ꆣ2005쓪ꎬ룃쫐냑릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ쓉죫헾훎컄쏷붨짨쒿뇪ꎬ늢쇐죫ꆰ쪮튻컥ꆱ뢻쏱릤돌맦뮮ꎬ튪쟳좷놣횰릤릤퓶뎤폫웳튵랢햹ꆢ뺭볃퓶뎤춬늽ꆣ듓듋ꎬ헢쿮릤ퟷ좡뗃훘듳춻웆ꆣ2006쓪ꎬ룃쫐폖붫듋쿮릤ퟷ쓉죫ꆰ맺쏱뺭볃뫍짧믡랢햹럜뚷쒿뇪ꆱꎬ돉솢쇋평쫐쇬떼떣죎ퟩ뎤뗄릤킭짌쇬떼킡ퟩꆣ룃쫐쿠볌돶첨쇋킭짌듺뇭릫췆ꆢ릫톡훆뛈ꎻ뷸탐릤킭짌뗄웳튵뿉틔쿺쫛쮰쫕폅믝ꎬ랲쫇뺭샍쮫랽킭짌좷뚨뗄릤쮮욽뫍릤뛮ꎬ뿉퓚쮰잰쇐횧ꆣ쫐ퟜ릤믡뮹엠통쇋1100뛠쏻릤킭짌횸떼풱ꎬ횸떼웳튵릤믡첸에ꆣ 싥퇴퇹놾ꎺ랢믓맺폐웳튵듸춷뫍쪾랶ퟷ폃ꆣ2007쓪뗗ꎬ싥퇴쫐헾뢮쿂랢쇋ꆶ맘폚뷸튻늽췆뷸웳튵릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄틢볻ꆷꎬ맦뚨쇋릤벯쳥킭짌뗄랽램ꆢ쓚죝ꆢ돌탲뫍췆뚯헢쿮릤ퟷ뗄훷튪듫쪩ꆣ쯦뫳ꎬ싥퇴쫐ퟜ릤믡톡퓱쇋훐싁싥퇴춭튵폐쿞릫쮾ꎨ듳탍맺폐웳튵ꎩꆢ훐탅훘릤믺킵막럝폐쿞릫쮾ꎨ듳탍룄훆웳튵ꎩꆢ싥퇴붨풰쒣뻟훆퓬폐쿞릫쮾ꎨ맦쒣틔짏쮽펪웳튵ꎩꎬ뎢쫔췆탐ꆰ릤벯쳥킭짌ꆱ훆뛈ꆣ뺭벯쳥킭짌ꎬ헢죽볒쫔뗣웳튵뫍웳튵릤믡잩쫰쇋릤벯쳥킭틩뫏춬ꎬ릤죋뗄릤뚼폐늻춬돌뛈퓶뎤ꎬퟮ룟헇%ꆣ좫맺ퟜ릤믡뗄뗷닩놨룦횸돶ꎬ싥퇴뗄ퟶ램ꆰ쫷솢웰쇋릤럖엤튪킭짌뗄틢쪶ꎬ듙뷸쇋웳튵릤럖엤훆뛈룄룯ꆱꎬ폖ꆰ듙뷸쇋샍뚯맘쾵뫍킳컈뚨ꎬ폐킧뗘풤럀뫍복짙쇋샍뚯헹틩뗄랢짺ꆱꆣ ㌮㈮?췆뷸릤킭짌훆뛈뗄쪵쪩킧맻 춨맽룷쪡쫐닉좡폐킧듫쪩ꎬ쫔뗣쪾랶ꎬ믽벫췆뷸릤킭짌훆뛈ꎬ샺뺭10뛠쓪뗄랢햹ꎬ벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈늻뛏췪짆ꎬ틢틥춹쿔ꆣ쯼늻뷶폐샻폚웕춨횰릤릤뗄뫏샭퓶뎤ꎬ쯵킡릤쫕죫럖엤닮뻠ꎬ튲폐샻폚붨솢뫍킳컈뚨뗄샍뚯맘쾵ꎬ퓶잿웳튵뗄쓽뻛솦ꆣ뻝좫ퟜ뗚쇹듎좫맺횰릤뛓컩뗷닩컊뻭쫽뻝뫍뗤탍떥캻뗷닩ꆢ룶낸럃첸쇏뗄럖컶ꎬ뾪햹쇋릤벯쳥킭짌뗄 42
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 웳튵ꎬ2007쓪틔살퓶볓릤뗄햼%ꆣ룹뻝좫ퟜ뗄볬닢랶캧살뾴ꎬ붭쯕쪡첩훝쫐2007쓪짏냫쓪뾪햹릤탔벯쳥킭짌뗄웳튵춬뇈욽뻹릤22%ꎬ캪좫맺ퟮ룟ꆣꎨ뇭2ꎩ캪늿럖쪡쫐웳튵췆탐릤킭짌킧맻룅샀ꆣ 뇭ꎲ?늿럖쪡쫐웳튵췆탐릤킭짌킧맻룅샀㔰 쪡쫐ꎯ웳튵 뻟쳥킧맻 뷘횹2008쓪뗗ꎬ좫쪡틑폐췲볒웳튵쪵탐릤킭짌훆뛈ꎬ뢲룇횰릤873췲죋ꆣ붭틵쫐ퟔ2005쓪룃쫐좫쏦췆탐웳튵릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈틔살ꎬ쒿잰ꎬ잩뚩 릤쿮벯쳥뫏춬뗄웳튵폐2585볒ꎬ좫쫐웳튵릤벯쳥킭짌붨훆싊틑듯%ꆣ붭쯕쪡 2005쓪웳튵횰릤욽뻹쓪쫕죫캪풪ꎻ2006쓪캪풪ꎬ퓶뎤%ꎻ2007쓪듯떽풪ꎬ춬뇈퓶럹붫듯떽%ꆣ첩훝쫐ꎬ2005쓪ꎬ2006쓪뫍2007쓪짏냫쓪ꎬ뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌뗄웳튵춬뇈욽뻹퓶%ꆢ15%뫍22%ꆣ †춨맽뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ횰릤쫕죫돖탸퓶뎤ꎬ2005쓪좫쪡퓚룚횰릤욽뻹릤뫓놱쪡 퓶뎤%ꎬ2006쓪퓚룚횰릤욽뻹릤퓶뎤%ꆣ뫓놱몪떦뿳튵벯쳥뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌쯄쓪ꎬ횰릤쫕죫쓪뻹퓶뎤18%ꎬ2007쓪죋뻹쫕죫듯27000풪ꆣ 쇉쓾쪡†뷘훁2008쓪10퓂ꎬ틑뺭폐47267뮧웳튵잩뚩쇋벯쳥뫏춬ꎬ햼붨솢릤믡웳 튵뗄%ꎬ뢲룇횰릤듯500췲죋ꆣ 훘쟬쫐†ퟔ2004쓪훰늽췆뾪릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈틔살ꎬ뷘훁2007쓪뗗ꎬ틑폐500뮧 웳튵쪵탐쇋릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ짦벰횰릤20췲죋ꆣ †맣훝쫐ퟜ릤믡2008쓪8퓂랢늼뗄ꆶ붨릹맣훝웳튵릤벯쳥킭짌탂쒣쪽뗷퇐 맣훝쫐놨룦ꆷ쿔쪾ꎬ맣훝쫐듓2004쓪뾪쪼훰늽첽쯷틔횰릤쏱훷닎폫캪믹뒡뗄릤킭짌 믺훆ꎬ튻킩쪵탐릤벯쳥킭짌뗄웳튵ꎬ횰릤릤웕뇩뇈춬탐튵캴쪵탐릤벯쳥 킭짌뗄웳튵룟10%ꎭ15%ꎬ춬쪱ꎬ웳튵킧틦튲퓶뎤쇋20%ꎭ30%ꆣ †2000쓪췆탐횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌틔살ꎬ좡뗃쏷쿔돉킧ꎬ뷘훁2007쓪뗗ꎬ릲몼훝쫐 폐14000폠볒웳튵붨솢쇋벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ잩뚩릤킭틩9700폠럝ꆣ †뫓쓏쪡뫓쫐릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈쫔탐3쓪살ꎬ쒿잰퓚쫐횱뫍쿘쟸맦쒣틔짏뫓쫐 웳튵훐ꎬ틑폐200뛠볒릤튵웳튵ꎬ400뛠볒닍틻ꆢ튽쇆ꆢ붨훾뗈웳튵잩뚩쇋릤쿮킭틩ꎬ뢲룇횰릤6췲뛠죋ꎬ횰릤릤퓚틔췹믹뒡짏욽뻹퓶뎤쇋10%ꆣ 50 쫽뻝훷튪살풴폚좫ퟜ뗚쇹듎좫맺횰릤뛓컩뗷닩컊뻭쫽뻝틔벰룷뗘ퟜ릤믡랢늼놨룦ꆣ 43
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 즽뚫쇄돇붻퓋†ퟔ2002쓪쪵탐릤벯쳥킭짌틔살ꎬ횰릤욽뻹릤틔%뗄퓶럹뗝퓶ꎬ뎬벯췅 맽좫쪡웳튵횰릤릤퓶뎤럹뛈3룶냙럖뗣ퟳ폒ꆣ 붭쯕듯뮯릤†쪵탐릤킭짌훆ꎬ횰릤쫕죫쏷쿔퓶볓ꎬ솽쓪헇쇋뷼췲풪ꆣ2005쓪캪폐쿞릫쮾췲풪ꎻ2006쓪돵뾪쪼쪵탐릤킭짌ꎬ킭짌좷뚨뗄릤캪췲풪ꎨ쓪뗗쪵볊떽 쫖뗄릤캪췲풪ꎩꎻ2007쓪킭짌좷뚨뗄릤캪췲풪ꆣ 뷘훁2008쓪9퓂16죕ꎬ좫맺108볒컖뛻싪붨믡웳튵좫늿뾪햹벯쳥킭짌ꎬ컖뛻싪뎬쫐 잩뚩쇋벯쳥뫏춬ꆣ벯쳥뫏춬맦뚨쇋2008쓪풱릤릤퓶뎤뗄뇈샽ꎬ틔벰퓚2008쓪릤퓶뎤뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ2009쓪볌탸놣돖릤퓶럹ꎻ맦뚨쇋릫쮾붨솢듸킽택볙훆뛈ꆢ짧믡놣쿕훆뛈ꆢ볓냠늹뎥훆뛈ꆢ틀램놣헏얮횰릤뗄쳘쫢좨틦뗈쳵뿮ꆣ ㌮㈮?ꆰ닊뫧볆뮮ꆱ췆뚯룷샠웳튵붨솢벯쳥킭짌훆뛈?틔짏뿉볻ꎬ릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈폐훺폚컒맺웳튵붨솢뿆톧뫏샭릤럖엤뫍퓶뎤랽쪽ꎬ뫍킳샍뚯맘쾵ꎬ춬쪱튲쳡룟쇋웳튵뗄뺭볃킧틦ꆣ2008쓪1퓂1죕쪵쪩뗄ꆶ샍뚯뫏춬램ꆷꎬ듓램싉뗘캻짏뛔벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬뷸탐쇋쳡짽ꆣꆰ췆뚯웳튵붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆱ룼놻쫗듎킴죫2008쓪ꆶ헾뢮릤ퟷ놨룦ꆷꆣ2008쓪4퓂ꎬ죋솦풴뫍짧믡놣헏늿헙뾪뗄좫맺샍뚯맘쾵릤ퟷퟹ첸믡쫗듎쏷좷쳡돶ꆰ닊뫧볆뮮ꆱꎬ좷솢쇋2008쓪떽2013쓪뗄랢햹쒿뇪ꎬ쳡돶2009쓪뗗튪퓚훐늿뗘쟸맦쒣틔짏웳튵웕뇩붨솢ꎬ2012쓪뗗퓚좫맺맦쒣틔짏웳튵웕뇩붨솢ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ믽벫췆뷸쟸폲탔\탐튵탔벯쳥킭짌ꎬ훰늽붫벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈뢲룇룷샠훐킡웳튵ꎬ솦헹5쓪쓚믹놾퓚룷샠웳튵붨솢벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈ꆣ튪좫쏦쪵쪩릤벯쳥킭짌튪풼탐뚯ꎬ냯훺뫍횸떼믹닣릤믡훷뚯탐쪹튪풼좨ꆣ룷룶쪡쫐튲럗럗돶첨튻쾵쇐뗄듫쪩췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌ꎨ뇭3ꎩꆣ 뇭ꎳ 늿럖쪡쫐췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌뻙듫튻샀 44
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 쪡쫐 뻟쳥듫쪩 2007쓪12퓂ꎬ쪡샍뚯뫍짧믡놣헏쳼ꆢ쪡ퟜ릤믡ꆢ쪡웳튵솪뫏믡솪뫏랢돶ꆶ맘폚맡뎹ꎼ샍뚯뫏춬램ꎾ좫쏦췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄틢볻ꆷꎬ듲쿬쇋좫맺맣뚫쪡맡뎹ꆶ샍뚯뫏춬램ꆷ뗄뗚튻엚ꆣ떽2010쓪뗗ꎬ좫쪡틑ퟩ붨릤믡뗄웳튵붨솢릤51 벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뗄뇈샽붫듯떽60%ꎬ캴붨솢릤믡뗄웳튵ꎬ춨맽뾪햹탐튵ꎨ쟸폲ꎩ탐릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ삩듳뢲룇쏦ꎬ뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ붨솢횰릤릤헽뎣퓶뎤믺훆붫돉캪웳튵ꎬ웳튵릤믡ퟩ횯뾼뫋ꆢ움폅뗄훘튪쓚죝ꆣ 2008쓪2퓂뗗ꎬ퓚좫쪡랶캧쓚뾪햹ꆰ릤벯쳥킭짌퓂ꆱ믮뚯ꎬ퓚맺쓚짐쫴쫗듎ꆣ늢좷뚨쎿쓪뗄3퓂럝뚼붫뾪햹룃믮뚯ꆣ9퓂돵ꎬ쪡ퟜ릤믡ꆢ쪡샍뚯뫍짧뫓놱쪡믡놣헏쳼ꆢ쪡맺쮰뻖ꆢ쪡뗘쮰뻖ꆢ쪡웳킭뗈5늿쏅솪뫏뾪햹ꆰ릤벯쳥킭짌릥52 볡탐뚯ꆱꆣ훘뗣뷢뻶웳튵릤믡ퟩ횯늻ퟷ캪ꎬ늻훷뚯쿲믲늻룒쿲웳튵랢돶킭짌튪풼ꎻ웳튵뺭펪랽늻쓜믽벫믘펦릤믡ퟩ횯튪풼ꎬ늻풸킭짌뗈컊쳢ꆣ떽2008쓪뗗ꎬ췪돉릤벯쳥킭짌맺폐웳튵듯떽60%ꆢ럇맺폐웳튵듯떽40%ꆣ 2008쓪훐톮ꎬ돶첨ꆶ맘폚뷸튻늽랢햹뫍킳샍뚯맘쾵뗄틢볻ꆷ쳡돶ꎬ솦헹떽2012쓪좫쪡냋돉틔짏웳튵돉캪샍뚯맘쾵뫍킳웳튵ꎬ맺폐ꆢ벯쳥벰웤뿘막웳튵튪뫾놱쪡듯떽95%ꆣ웤훐쏷좷ꎬ샍뚯뫏춬뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈뗃떽좫쏦쪵쪩ꎬ샍뚯뫏춬잩뚩53 싊듯100%ꎬ붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌ꆢ얮횰릤좨틦놣뮤뗈쿮벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈ꎬ붡좫싄풼뗄볠뚽놣헏믺훆ꎻ쟒릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈웕뇩붨솢ꎬ붡좫웳튵쓚늿쫕죫럖엤뻶뚨믺훆뫍횰릤릤퓶뎤믺훆ꎻ횰릤볓죫릤믡ퟩ횯듯85%틔짏뗈ꆣ 2008쓪8퓂ꎬ돶첨릤킭짌믹놾돌탲ꎬ쮫랽릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈펦퇏룱ퟱ쫘닺짺듺뇭ꆢ쪵쪩튪풼ꆢ킭짌ힼ놸ꆢ헽쪽킭짌ꆢ짳틩잩ퟖꆢ쯍짳릫늼뗈쇹룶돌탲ꎬ뫾쓏쪡랽쓜닺짺램뚨킧솦ꆣ떽2008쓪뗗ꎬ뫾쓏맺폐ꆢ벯쳥벰웤뿘막웳튵튪웕뇩붨솢54 릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆣ틑붨솢릤믡쟒횰릤죋쫽듯500죋틔짏뗄럇릫폐훆웳튵훐ꎬ튪쪵쿖죽럖횮튻뗄웳튵붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆣ캪좷놣횰릤릤헽뎣퓶뎤ꎬ릤벯쳥킭짌풭퓲짏쎿쓪뾪햹튻듎ꎬ릤벯쳥뫏춬폐킧웚튻냣캪튻쓪ꆣ 51 릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ샍뫍킳뗄뇘평횮슷ꎿ孎崮램훆죕놨ꎬ㈰〸?〹?ㄸ? 52 췵캡.뫓놱죕놨ꎺꆶ뫓놱쪡ퟜ릤믡뗈?늿쏅솪뫏뾪햹ꆰ릤벯쳥킭짌릥볡탐뚯ꆱꆷⰲ〰?쓪〹퓂〲죕ꆣ 53 췵쯄탂?뫾놱㈰ㄲ⸸돉틔짏웳튵붨돉샍뚯맘쾵뫍킳웳튵孎崮릤죋죕놨ꎬ㈰〸⸰㠮㈲? 54 믆탋뮪?뫾쓏돶첨릤벯쳥킭짌램뚨닙ퟷ돌탲孎崮?탂뮪췸ꎬ㈰〸?〸?㈰? 45
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 2008쓪7퓂돵ꎬ쓾쿄샍뚯뫍짧믡놣헏쳼ꆢ뺭캯ꆢ맺캯ꆢퟜ릤믡ꆢ릤짌솪뫍쮽펪웳튵킭믡뗈쇹늿쏅솪뫏쿂랢ꆶ맘폚췆뷸웳튵릤벯쳥킭짌뗄쪵쪩틢볻ꆷꎬ쓾쿄55 뻶뚨퓚웳튵좫쏦붨솢뫍췆탐횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌ꆢ잩뚩릤쿮킭틩훆뛈ꎬ쓪쓚붨훆싊듯떽40%ꎬ뢲룇횰릤듯떽60%ꆣ떽2010쓪ꎬ솦헹쪹릤벯쳥킭짌뢲룇쏦듯떽90%틔짏ꆣ 2008쓪9퓂돵ꎬ쪡캯쪡헾뢮솪뫏랢컄ꎬ뻶뚨퓚좫쪡좫쏦췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌헣붭쪡릤ퟷꎬ튪쟳떽2010쓪뗗잰좫쪡뾪햹횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌뗄웳튵뢲룇쏦듯떽70%56 틔짏ꎬ웤훐맺폐벯쳥웳튵뢲룇쏦솦헹듯떽100%ꆣ늢튪쟳룷벶떳캯헾뢮쓉죫떳캯ꆢ헾뢮뗄쿠맘릤ퟷ뾼뫋훐ꆣ 2008쓪3퓂뗗돶첨뗄ꆶ맘폚2쓪췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄춨횪ꆷ쳡돶ꎬ뺭펪헟폫춬횰릤릤쫕죫닮뻠10놶틔짏뗄맺폐웳튵ꆢ벯쳥웳튵ꎬ펦떱뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ늢쏷좷튪쟳6샠웳튵뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ2008쓪4룶쒿뇪ꎺ튻쫇웳짏몣쫐57 튵뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌뢲룇뗄샍뚯헟죋쫽춬뇈퓶볓10%ꎻ맺폐믲맺폐뿘막웳튵훐ꎬ뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌뗄웳튵뇈샽듯떽75%틔짏ꎻ퓚틑ퟩ붨릤믡뗄럑릤웳튵훐ꎬ뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌뗄웳튵뇈샽듯떽60%틔짏ꎻ퓚틑폐릤ퟷ뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ쎿룶쟸쿘탂뾪햹솽룶쟸폲탔믲탐튵탔뗄릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ ꆶ쳬뷲쫐릤벯쳥킭짌냬램ꆷ듓2008쓪10퓂1죕웰쪵탐ꎬ룃쫐웳튵붫훰쳬뷲쫐늽붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ틔벰릤폫웳튵킧틦춬늽퓶뎤믺훆ꆣ룃쫐붫볓뿬쪵58 쪩2008쓪훁2010쓪죽쓪퓶쫕맦뮮ꎬ쏷좷쇋좷놣웳튵샍뚯놨돪ퟜ뛮쪵쿖쓪퓶뎤25%뗄릤ퟷ죎컱ꆣ 2008쓪6퓂뗗ꎬ쫐ퟜ릤믡퓚좫쫐7642볒쫂튵떥캻훐좫쏦췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆣ붫듳솦췆뷸쫂튵떥캻횰릤붱뷰ꆢ뷲쳹ꆢ뢣샻뗈뗚뛾듎럖엤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ쓏뺩쫐59 폈웤튪볓듳췆뷸웳튵뮯맜샭뗄쫂튵떥캻ꆢ닮뛮늦뿮뗄쫂튵떥캻붨솢벯쳥킭짌ꆢ잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈뗄솦뛈ꎬ캪좫쫐쫂튵떥캻횰릤듮붨좨틦놣뮤뗄욽첨ꆣ뷘횹2008쓪뗗ꎬ쓏뺩붨솢릤믡뗄웳쫂튵떥캻릤벯쳥뫏춬뗄잩뚩싊듯떽80%틔짏ꆣ 55 훜횾훒?쓾쿄잿솦췆뷸웳튵릤벯쳥킭짌孎崮죋쏱췸ꎬ?〰㠮〷⸰㠮 56 샮룕틳.헣붭췆뷸횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌 킭틩웚쓚웳튵늻뗃쯦틢붵릤[N]ꎮ릤죋죕놨ꎬ. 57 풬죘.몣맺웳릤닮뻠죴뎬10놶탫뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌[N].탂쏱췭놨ꎬ 58 ꆶ훐릲쳬뷲쫐캯냬릫쳼쳬뷲쫐릤벯쳥킭짌냬램뗄춨횪ꆷꎬ2008쓪10퓂1죕웰쪵탐ꆣ 59 쇨뻼믔.쓏뺩붫퓚좫쫐쫂튵떥캻췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈[N].쓏뺩죕놨ꎬ . 46
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 2008쓪9퓂ꎬ돶첨ꆶ맘좫쏦췆뷸횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄쪵쪩틢볻ꆷ뛔쟸웳튵횰릤릤뎤웚늻퓶뎤ꆢ뗍퓶뎤ꎬ믲50%횰릤릤뗍폚떱뗘횰릤욽뻹릤50%뗄ꎬ릤믡붫듺뇭횰릤탐쪹튪풼좨ꎬ뛘듙웳튵뷸탐릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ룹뻝맦뮮ꎬ몼훝쫐2010쓪뗗잰ꎬ몼훝뾪햹횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌뗄웳튵뢲룇쏦붫듯떽80%틔짏ꎬ웤훐60 맺폐벯쳥웳튵뢲룇쏦솦헹듯떽100%ꆣ틑붨릤믡뗄웳튵ꎬ볆뮮2009쓪뗗잰좫쏦췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎻ쎻붨릤믡뗄웳튵ꎬ튪믽벫뾪햹쟸폲탔ꆢ탐튵탔릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ붫쓉죫ꆰ몼훝쫐헹뒴헣붭뒴붨램훎쟸ꆢ쿘ꎨ쫐ꎩ릤ퟷ쿈뷸떥캻ꆱ뫍ꆰ몼훝쫐뒴붨뫍킳샍뚯맘쾵쿈뷸웳튵ꆱ뾼뫋ꆣ 떽2008쓪뗗ꎬ좫쫐맺폐벰맺폐뿘막웳튵릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈붨훆싊듯떽85%틔짏ꎻ떽2009쓪ꎬ돽맺볒쇭폐맦뚨췢ꎬ좫쫐룷샠웳튵믹놾붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆣ2008쓪훘뗣릹붨뫍췪짆죽쿮믺훆ꆣ릤럖엤릲뻶믺훆ꎬ횰릤듺뇭폫웳튵쪯볒쫐뚨웚뻍릤훆뛈ꆢ럖엤탎쪽ꆢ퓶뎤쮮욽ꆢ횧뢶벰뗷헻냬램뗈뷸탐킭짌ꎻ릤뫏61 샭퓶뎤믺훆ꎬ춨맽릤벯쳥킭짌ꎬ쪹횰릤릤쫕죫쯦웳튵킧틦퓶뎤뛸뗷헻ꎬ폫웳튵샍뚯짺닺싊ꆢ헾뢮릤횸떼쿟뫍돇헲뻓쏱쿻럑볛룱횸쫽뗄뗷헻뇤뮯쿠쫊펦ꎻ릤횧뢶놣헏믺훆ꎬ웳튵릤럖엤ꆢ횧뢶뫍릤벯쳥킭짌싄탐쟩뿶뗈ꎬ펦춨맽횰릤듺뇭듳믡ꆢ뎧컱릫뾪뗈쟾뗀뚨웚릫뾪ꎬ뷓쫜횰릤볠뚽ꆣ 2008쓪9퓂22죕ꎬ짮?쫐ퟜ릤믡릤믡헽힡컖뛻싪붨믡헢룶웵믺ꎬ춳튻 쿲냼삨쫀뷧500잿퓚짮웳튵퓚쓚뗄냙폠볒훘뗣웳튵랢돶튪풼ꎬ튪쟳헢킩웳튵퓚짮?쫐 10죕쓚돐억뾪햹벯쳥킭짌ꎬ늢퓚12퓂5죕잰잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬ꆣ헢튲틢캶ퟅ짮?좫쏦웴뚯퓚췢웳튵훐듳맦쒣뾪햹벯쳥킭짌ꆣ 60 ꆶ훐릲몼훝쫐캯냬릫쳼쫐헾뢮냬릫쳼맘폚좫쏦췆뷸횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄쪵쪩틢볻ꆷꎬ2008쓪9퓂4죕ꆣ 61 ꆶ훐릲쪯볒쫐캯냬릫쳼쪯볒쫐죋쏱헾뢮냬릫쳼맘폚짮죫췆뷸웳튵횰릤릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뗄틢볻ꆷꎬ2008쓪3퓂6죕ꆣ 47
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 ㌮?컒맺췆뷸릤벯쳥첸에훆뛈듦퓚뗄컊쳢 춨맽룷벶헾뢮틔벰폐맘늿쏅뗄얬솦ꎬ퓚웳튵붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈퓚컒맺틑뺭좡뗃쇋튻뚨뗄돉뻍ꆣ떫평폚컒맺쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆짐퓚붨솢뫍췪짆횮훐ꎬ탂뻉쳥훆뚼퓚랢믓ퟷ폃ꎬ웳튵룄룯ꆢ룄훆랢햹늻욽뫢ꎬ램싉램맦훍뫳ꎬ뮹듦퓚튻킩헏낭ꎬ쪹뗃릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈퓚췆뷸훐뮹쏦쇙탭뛠삧믳ꆢ컊쳢뫍쎬뛜ꆣ ㌮㌮?훆뛈붨솢좱랦폐솦놣헏?훐맺쪵탐벯쳥킭짌훆뛈솢램쫇튻쿮탂뗄릤ퟷꎬ튲쫇붨솢짧믡훷쫐뎡뺭볃맽돌훐놣돖뫍킳컈뚨샍뚯맘쾵뇘늻뿉짙뗄쫖뛎횮튻ꆣ틲듋ꎬ탨튪퓚램뗄룟뛈짏쏷좷벯쳥첸에뗄뗘캻뫍퓚릤ퟷ훐힢틢랢믓벯쳥킭짌뗄램싉킧솦ꆣ쯤좻뷼쓪살컒맺벯쳥킭짌솢램폐쇋뷏듳뗄랢햹ꆣ떫쯦ퟅ컒맺벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈뗄췆탐ꎬ솢램훐죔좻듦퓚뗄컊쳢튲훰붥놩슶돶살ꎬ헢킩컊쳢냼삨ꎺ?맦헂뗄솢램닣듎뗍ꎬ좱랦램싉뗄좨췾탔ꆣ쒿잰컒맺훷튪폐샍뚯뫍짧믡놣헏늿㈰〱쓪냤늼뗄ꆶ릤벯쳥킭짌쫔탐냬램ꆷ뫍㈰〴쓪냤늼뗄ꆶ벯쳥뫏춬맦뚨ꆷꆣ헢솽쿮뻹쫴늿캯맦헂ꎬ퓚솢램닣듎짏뒦폚뷏뗍닣듎ꎬ웤킧솦뗍폚램싉ꆢ탐헾램맦뫍뗘랽탔램맦ꎻ램싉맦뚨럖즢ꎬ맽폚풭퓲ꎬ좱랦닙ퟷ탔ꎬ쟒램싉횮볤맦뚨늻쿠튻훂ꎻ샍뚯램뫍릤믡램뗄맦뚨튲늻짵춳튻ꎬ춻돶쳥쿖퓚잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬뗄ퟔ풸믲잿훆헢튻컊쳢짏ꆣ샍뚯램뗚㌳쳵맦뚨ꎺꆰ릤믡뿉틔듺뇭횰릤폫웳튵잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬ꆱꎬ헢튻톡퓱탔뗄맦뚨돉캪쪵볹훐튻킩웳튵뻜뻸폫릤믡잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬뗄ꆰ램싉틀뻝ꆱꎬ늻뷶캴웰떽듙뷸벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈랢햹뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ랴뛸퓬돉튻뚨뗄ퟨ솦ꆣ탞룄뫳뗄릤믡램쿔좻틢쪶떽헢튻컊쳢ꎬ좡쿻쇋풭폐릤믡램훐뗄ꆰ뿉틔ꆱꎬ탞룄캪ꆰ릤믡듺뇭횰릤폫웳튵잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬ꆱꎬ헢쯤좻뷏횮잰뗄맦뚨폐쯹뷸늽ꎬ떫웤뇭듯뷏캪몬믬ꎬ헢쫆뇘퓬돉쪵볹훐뗄믬싒ꆣ?쎻폐쏷좷벯쳥킭짌뫍잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬뗄퓰죎ꆣꆶ샍뚯램ꆷꆢꆶ벯쳥뫏춬맦뚨ꆷ훐뚼쎻폐쏷좷맦뚨램싉훆뛈뗄퓰죎ꆣ쯤좻맦뚨쇋웳튵퓚쫕떽벯쳥킭짌튪쟳컞헽떱샭평늻뗃뻜뻸ꎬ떫늢캴쏷좷뫎훖샭평캪헽떱믲늻헽떱ꎬ룼캴맦뚨뻜뻸킭짌뗄램싉퓰죎ꎬ틔훁폚튻킩웳튵틔듋캪뷨뿚ꎬ뻜늻잩뚩릤벯쳥킭틩ꎬ쳘뇰쫇튻킩뿧맺릫쮾뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌룼쓑ꆣ?틔짏솢램쿖ힴꎬ퓬돉튻킩웳튵훐쳘뇰쫇튻킩럇맺폐웳튵훐뗄횰릤듺뇭뫍릤믡돉풱늻쓜돤럖랢믓듺뇭뫍캬뮤횰릤샻틦뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ횱뷓펰쿬쇋벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈뗄쪵탐ꆣ? 48
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 ㌮㌮?벯쳥킭짌훆뛈캴탎돉릲쪶?듓웳튵맜샭랽살뾴ꎬ퓚죏쪶짏듦퓚컊쳢ꆣ폐킩맺폐웳튵뺭펪헟죏캪ꎬ벯쳥첸에쫇뒦샭샍맘쾵뗄랽램ꎬ뛔맺폐웳튵늢늻쫊폃ꆣ퓚맺폐웳튵훐ꎬ웳튵폫샍뚯헟뗄샻틦쫇튻훂뗄ꎬ룹놾쎻뇘튪죋캪뗘냑웳튵뫍샍뚯헟뮮럖캪솽룶뛔솢뗄랽쏦ꎬ룣벯쳥첸에쫇냑샍뚯헟뫍웳튵냚퓚뛔솢뗄뗘캻ꆣ뛸폐킩뺭펪헟죏캪ꎬ퓚쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾쿂ꎬ짺듦쫇톹떹튻쟐뗄죎컱ꎬ돐삿뚨떥ꆢ룄뷸벼쫵ꆢ삩듳쫐뎡뗈헢킩ꆰ쟳짺듦쒱랢햹ꆱ뗄쫂쟩뚼쎦늻맽살ꎬ쓄폐쪱볤뫍뺫솦살룣킭짌ꆢ잩킭틩헢늻돶킧틦뗄쫂쟩ꆣ뮹폐뗄죏캪ꎬ잩뫏춬뷢뻶늻쇋쪲쎴쪵볊컊쳢ꎬ킧틦뫃뗄웳튵죏캪쎻폐뇘튪잩벯쳥킭틩ꎬ킧틦닮뗄웳튵폖떣탄잩쇋킭틩튲쓑뛒쿖ꎬ뮹늻죧늻잩ꎬ늻잩킭틩쎻폐뢺떣ꎬ짙싩랳ꎬ엂잩뚩벯쳥킭틩쪱횰릤튪쟳첫룟ꎬ웳튵냬늻떽ꆣ쇭폐튻킩뎧뎤ꆢ뺭샭죏캪ꎬ릤럖엤ꆢ샍뚯쳵볾좷뚨쫴웳튵ퟔ훷좨ꎬ웳튵ퟔ훷좨뻍쫇뎧뎤ꆢ뺭샭쮵쇋쯣ꆣ웳튵뺭펪헟뗄첬뛈뫍죏쪶쫇뻶뚨벯쳥킭짌첸에쓜럱뾪햹뗄잰쳡ꆣ?듓릤믡랽쏦뾴ꎬ듦퓚뗄컊쳢튲늻짙ꆣ튻킩릤믡룉늿죏캪ꎬ뾪햹벯쳥킭짌첸에훆뛈뗄쪱믺뫍쳵볾뮹늻돉쫬ꎬ웳튵폐뚨웚헙뾪뗄횰듺믡ꆢ룉좺뿒첸믡ꎬ쟩뿶춨놨믡뗈룷훖뎩춨뗄쏱훷쟾뗀ꎬ룉좺맘쾵죚잢ꎬ떳헾릤맘쾵튲뇈뷏킭뗷ꎬ쫇럱폐뇘튪죋캪뗄훆퓬뛔솢쏦ꎬ횵뗃짌좶ꆣ뮹폐뗄죏캪ꎬ릤킭짌펦평샍뚯늿쏅맜ꎬ릤믡늻펦닥쫖ꎬ춬쪱떣탄폫뺭펪헟첸에릤죝틗닺짺뛔솢ꎬ틔뫳릤ퟷ늻뫃ퟶꆣ뮹듦퓚헢퇹튻훖쟩뿶ꎬ튻킩릤믡룉늿튻랽쏦캪쇋놣힡랹췫ꎬ늻룒믲늻쓜샭횱웸ힳ뗘췆뚯릤믡릤ퟷꎬ뛸쫇뾴샏냥솳즫탐쫂ꎻ뮹떣탄킭짌뷡맻듯늻떽횰릤튪쟳ꎬ횰릤믡늻싺틢ꎬ틲듋뛔뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌듦퓚캷쓑쟩탷ꆣ?퓚샍뚯헟랽쏦ꎬ훷튪컊쳢쫇닎폫탔늻룟ꎬퟔ컒놣뮤틢쪶늻잿ꆣ튻킩릤죋죏캪벯쳥킭틩뷢뻶늻쇋뛠듳컊쳢ꎬ쫇룣탎쪽ꎬퟟ맽뎡ꎬ릤뮹쫇평뺭펪헟ꆢ샏냥뻶뚨ꆣ뮹폐뗄샍뚯헟죏캪ꎬ쿖퓚폃릤뫍뻍튵뚼쫇쮫쿲톡퓱쇋ꎬ웳튵뒦폚훷떼뗘캻ꎬ퓚듳엺솮볛얩듥샍뚯펿죫돇쫐ꎬ듳솿쿂룚횰릤뗈듽뻍튵뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ쓜폐튻럝릤ퟷ뻍늻듭쇋ꎬ늻쓜짝췻릤죋ퟩ횯웰살엉듺뇭폫뎧뎤ꆢ뺭샭킭짌ꆣ퓚헢훖맛쓮뗄펰쿬쿂ꎬ샍뚯헟듳뛠뛔쟖몦ퟔ짭뫏램좨틦뗄쿖쿳쳽횮죎횮ꎬ좱랦훷뚯캬뮤ퟔ벺뗄뫏램좨틦뗄틢쪶ꆣ?튻킩뗘랽쇬떼튲떣탄뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌믡쿅엜춶헟ꎬ펰쿬뗘랽춶뮷뺳ꎬ틲뛸뛔릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ늻훘쫓ꆢ늻횧돖ꆣ?틔짏뗄훖훖죏쪶뫍뾴램랴펳돶ꎬ컞싛웳튵랽ꎬ릤믡믲헟샍뚯헟ꎬ뛔벯쳥첸에뫍벯쳥킭틩훆뛈뗄훘튪탔뫍뇘튪탔퓚튻뚨돌뛈짏뚼뮹좱랦헽좷죏쪶ꆣ? 49
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 ㌮㌮?첸에뮷뷚좱캻?벯쳥킭짌쫇잩뚩벯쳥킭틩뗄잰쳡뫍뇘뺭뷗뛎ꎬ쫇벯쳥킭틩훆뛈뗄쇩믪ꎬ킭틩횻쫇킭짌뗄ퟮ훕뷡맻ꆣ벯쳥뫏춬폫웤쯻뫏춬튻퇹ꎬ쫇샍쮫랽틢쮼뇭쪾튻훂쯹듯돉뗄쫩쏦킭틩ꆣ벯쳥킭짌튪뺭맽랴뢴뛠듎뗄쳖볛뮹볛ꎬ킭짌ꎨ첸에ꎩ뗄맽돌쪵볊튲쫇쮫랽쟳춬듦틬ꆢ훰늽듯돉릲쪶ꆢ뷢뻶쎬뛜뫍럖웧뗄맽돌ꆣ쎻폐쪵볊뗄킭짌맽돌ꎬ쫂쪵짏뻍늻뿉쓜춨맽킭짌듯떽뷢뻶뻀럗뫍돥춻뗄쒿뗄ꆣ뫢솿벯쳥킭짌첸에돉릦폫럱뗄맘볼ꎬ튪뾴쓜럱춨맽벯쳥킭짌첸에뮯뷢샍뻀럗ꎬ뫍킳샍뚯맘쾵ꆣ퓚쪵볹훐ꎬ폐뗄뗘랽퓚췆탐벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈맽돌훐ꎬ냑쿈붨믺훆뇤돉쇋쿈잩뫏춬ꎬ늻쫇붫킭뗷샍뚯맘쾵ퟷ캪췆탐벯쳥킭틩훆뛈뗄쒿뗄ꎬ뛸쫇냑벯쳥킭틩헢훖쫖뛎떱돉쇋쒿뗄ꆣ훘잩풼ꆢ쟡킭짌뗄쿖쿳웕뇩듦퓚ꎬ뫏춬잩쇋뻍췲쫂듳벪ꎬ쎻폐헦헽탎돉킭짌첸에믺훆ꆣ폐뗄짵훁냑벯쳥뫏춬떱ퟷ튻쿮ꆰ듯뇪ꆱ죎컱ꎬ욬쏦ힷ쟳뫏춬뗄쫽솿ꆣ폐뗄뫏춬퓲룹놾쎻폐뺭맽킭짌ꎬ쫇웳튵폫릤믡쇬떼엄쓔듼뗄닺컯ꎬ웤뷡맻횻쓜쫇킭짌첸에쇷폚탎쪽ꎬ킭틩뫏춬뷶뷶춣쇴퓚횽짏ꎬ쎻폐랢믓펦폐뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ ㌮㌮?킭틩쓚죝샗춬?룹뻝2006쓪짮?쫐샍뚯맘쾵62뗷닩놨룦ꎬ컒쏇랢쿖쿠떱뛠뗄웳튵벯쳥뫏풼잩풼훊솿늻룟ꎬ킭틩쓚죝샗춬ꎬ좱짙헫뛔탔뫍뿉닙ퟷ탔ꆣ뫏춬쳵뿮듳뛠헕뎭쿖폐램싉램맦맦뚨ꎬ랴펳웳튵뫍샍뚯헟릲춬맘탄떫램싉폖쎻폐쿖돉맦뚨뗄컊쳢ꎬ죧횰릤쿂룚ꆢ샍뚯뫏춬탸뚩ꆢ샍뚯놨돪ꆢ웳튵쓪뷰ꆢ힡랿ꆢ늹돤놣쿕ꆢ볒쫴튽쇆럑폃뗄돐떣뗈뗄쳵뿮좴뫜짙ꎬ헦헽뛔샍뚯맘쾵폐킭뗷솦뛈뗄쳵뿮룼짙ꆣ튻킩짏벶릤믡캪톸쯙췆뷸벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈ꎬ쪵쿖잩풼뗄쫽솿튪쟳ꎬ췹췹쓃ퟅ쫂쿈쓢뚨뫃뗄뫏춬랶놾ꎬ쮵럾웳튵폫릤믡잩풼ꆣ웤뷡맻쫇뛠쫽웳튵벯쳥뫏춬샗춬ꆢ쓚죝뿕랺ꆢ맦뚨풭퓲ꎬ좱짙쇩믮탔ꆢ헫뛔탔ꎬ쎻폐뷡뫏놾웳튵쪵볊뷸탐뻟쳥솿뮯쾸뮯ꎬ훂쪹뫏춬좱랦닙ퟷ탔ꆣ벯쳥뫏춬쓚죝웕뇩듦퓚“죽뛠죽짙”쿖쿳ꎬ벴풭퓲탔쳵뿮뛠ꎬ뻟쳥맦뚨짙ꎻ뎭램싉쳵컄뗄뛠ꎬ뷡뫏웳튵쪵볊뗄짙ꎻ탩뗄뛠ꎬ쪵뗄짙ꆣ 평폚벯쳥킭틩좱랦헫뛔탔뫍쪵폃탔ꆢ훘잩뚩ꆢ쟡첸에컊쳢뇈뷏춻돶ꎬ웤횱뷓뫳맻쫇늻훘쫓킭틩뗄싄탐ꎬ펰쿬쇋벯쳥첸에뗄쪵볊킧맻ꎬ벯쳥킭틩싄탐싊늻룟ꆣ돽틔짏벸뗣ꎬ컒맺벯쳥킭짌훆뛈뮹듦퓚ퟅ튻킩웳튵뫍뗘쟸랢햹늻욽뫢ꎬ벯쳥킭짌훆뛈붨솢틔벰벯쳥뫏춬잩뚩퇏훘훍 62 췵탂붨.컢뺮쳯.맜쇖룹.샖헽훷뇠.2006쓪ꎺ짮?샍뚯맘쾵랢햹놨룦.놱뺩ꎺ짧믡뿆톧컄쿗돶냦짧.. 50
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 뫳ꎬ릤믡뢲룇싊늻룟ꎬ벯쳥첸에첸에쪵쪩튵죋닅좱랦뗈뗈컊쳢ꆣퟜ횮ꎬ헢킩컊쳢퓬돉쇋컒맺벯쳥킭짌훆뛈췆탐뮺싽ꎬ늢쟒킧솦늻룟뗄삧뺳ꆣ? 51
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 㐠첽쯷ꎺ훐맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄릹붨?㐮?컒맺쫐뎡뺭볃웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄쒿뇪쒣쪽?억놴뛻뺭볃톧붱믱뗃헟쾣뿋쮹퇐뺿랢쿖ꎬ뫏샭럖엤릤쓜듙뷸뺭볃뷸늽ꎬ뾭뛷쮹ꎨ䭥祮敳ꎩ퇐뺿랢쿖뗍릤컞훺폚뻍튵ꎬ랴뛸믡훆풼탨쟳ꆣ웳튵뗄탋쮥볈맘쾵ퟅ막뚫ꆢ맺볒뗈벯쳥뗄샻틦ꎬ튲쏜쟐맘쾵ퟅ웳튵횰릤뗄샻틦ꆣ웳튵붨솢릤뫏샭퓶뎤믺훆뛔듙뷸웳튵탋췺랢햹ꆢ쪵쿖횰릤폐킧샍뚯놨돪ꆢ듙뷸막뚫닆뢻퓶뎤틔벰맺볒샻틦퓶뎤뗈랽쏦뚼뻟폐쏷쿔뗄헽쿲킧펦ꆣ뫏샭뗄릤퓶뎤믺훆펦틔뫏샭뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆캪믹뒡ꎬ퓚뫏샭뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆믹뒡짏돖탸퓶뎤릤쓜듙뷸컒맺뺭볃랢햹ꎬ웳튵탋췺ꎬ쯵킡쫕죫닮뻠ꎬ폐샻폚죋쏱럖쿭뺭볃랢햹돉맻ꎬ뛸퓚늻뫏샭뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆쿂퓶뎤릤횻쓜뷸튻늽볓뻧욶뢻럖뮯ꆣ뺡뿬붨솢튻쳗럻뫏짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆튪쟳ꎬ폫닺좨훆뛈벰웳튵훆뛈룄룯쿠쫊펦ꎬ쪵쿖쫊뫏컒맺쿖뷗뛎맺쟩뗄탂탍릤뻶뚨믺훆벺돉떱컱횮벱ꆣ?쯦ퟅ릤럖엤쳥훆룄룯뗄훰늽췆뷸ꎬ컒맺헽훰붥탎돉릤믺훆뗄죽룶뗷헻닣듎ꆣ퓚뫪맛닣듎짏ꎬ맺볒뛔릤쪵탐뗗쿟룉풤ꎬ붨솢ퟮ뗍릤뇪ힼ훆뛈ꎻ퓚훐맛닣듎짏ꎬ췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈ꎬ릤믡믲샍뚯헟벯쳥췆톡뗄듺뇭뿉틔튪쟳폃죋떥캻틔킭짌릲뻶뗄랽쪽좷뚨릤럖엤ꎻ뛸퓚캢맛닣듎짏ꎬ웳튵퓲펵폐죋솦풴맜샭뗄룷쿮좨솦ꎬ튲냼삨ퟔ훷럖엤좨ꆣ췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ헽쫇췪짆짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾쿂웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ쪵쿖ꆰ쫐뎡믺훆뗷뷚ꆢ웳튵ퟔ훷럖엤ꆢ횰릤쏱훷닎폫ꆢ맺볒볠뚽횸떼ꆱ뗄웳튵릤훆뛈쫐뎡뮯룄룯쒿뇪쒣쪽훐뗄훘튪뮷뷚ꆣ?㐮ㄮ?릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄릹붨ꆪꆪ캢맛맜샭?쯹캽릤뗄캢맛맜샭ꎬ뻍쫇캢맛떥캻ꎨ웳튵믲쫂튵ꎩ퓚맺볒뗄뫪맛뿘훆쯹죝탭뗄랶캧횮쓚ꎬ쇩믮뗄퓋폃룷훖랽램ꎬ붨솢룷훖맦헂훆뛈ꎬ퓚횰릤훐맡뎹내샍럖엤뗄풭퓲뗄맽돌ꆣ뻶뚨릤럖엤뫍퓶뎤뗄훷쳥쫇웳튵ꎬ뗷뷚뗄믹뒡쫇쫐뎡뮯ퟔ훷럖엤쒣쪽ꆣ릤죧뫎퓚늻춬웳튵풱릤횮볤럖엤ꎬ펦룹뻝놾웳튵뗄쪵볊쟩뿶뻶뚨ꆣ떫늻맜닉좡뫎훖탎쪽뗄릤훆뛈ꎬ웳튵펦냑컕힡ꎺ 52
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 뗚튻ꎬ웳튵룹뻝짺닺뺭펪탨튪ꎬ듓샻죳ퟮ듳뮯돶랢ꎬ내헕뫏샭죋릤럑폃뗄튪쟳ꎬퟔ훷뻶뚨릤쮮욽ꆣ캪냑릤퓚쓚뗄죋릤럑폃놣돖퓚뫏샭쮮욽뗄쿞뛈쓚ꎬ늢늻뛏붵뗍닺욷뗄죋릤돉놾ꎬ닃풱쫇웳튵닉폃뗄튻룶훘튪쫖뛎ꆣ 뺭펪헟뗄릤쫕죫춬놾웳튵풱릤뗄릤쮮욽럖샫ꎬ늢쪵탐맦랶뗄쓪킽훆ꆣ럖샫뫳ꎬ뺭펪헟평돶헟톡뻙뗄뚭쫂믡톡퓱ꎬ쓪킽쮮욽평뚭쫂믡뻶뚨ꎬ늢폚웳튵뗄랢햹맦쒣뫍샻죳퓶럹쿠솪쾵ꆣ 떱웳튵펯샻쪱ꎬ쪵쿖샻죳ꎬퟷ캪웳튵뺭펪뗄ퟮ훕돉맻ꎬ돽탨늿럖램뚨뿛돽췢ꎬ좫늿맩돶헟쯹폐뫍횧엤ꆣ떫웳튵튲펦듓훐쓃돶튻뚨뗄뇈샽ꎬퟷ캪샻죳럖뫬ꎬ쒿뗄쫇벤샸풱릤쳡룟릤ퟷ킧싊ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ퓚쓚늿럖엤랽쪽짏ꎬ웳튵맣랺닉폃쿖듺뿆톧뗄릤ퟷ룚캻움볛랽램ꎬ늢닎헕쫐뎡릤싊ꎬ살붨솢웳튵쓚늿뗄릤뷡릹ꆣ퓚틔헢훖랽쪽붨솢뗄릤뷡릹훐ꎬ샍뚯헟뗄샍뚯쓜솦벰웤쪵폃샍뚯돉캪뻶뚨샍뚯헟쿠뛔릤싊뗄훷튪틀뻝ꎬ틔쳦듺뒫춳뗄내샺살뻶뚨릤뗄랽램ꆣ붨솢뫏샭뗄릤움뚨훆뛈ꆣ뿉뷨본맺췢튻킩ퟶ램ꎬ죧쏀맺뗄ꆰ쓜솦릤ꆱꎬ틔쓜솦뗄룟뗍ꎬퟷ캪좷뚨횰릤릤뗄틀뻝ꎻ죕놾뗄“샺릤훆”ꎬ벴릤평횰컱뗈벶ꎬ룱뻶뚨ꆣ헢솽훖릤훆뛈쿠뷡뫏ꎬ닅쓜쪹뗃샍뚯헟뛔웳튵폐틀뢽룐틔벰샍뚯헟횮볤탎돉뺺헹뗄뮷뺳ꆣ쯹틔ꎬ뫏샭뗄릤움뚨펦냼몬솽랽쏦뗄쓚죝ꎺ튻쫇횰캻움볛ꆣ튻룶웳튵룹뻝탨튪짨솢죴룉룶룚캻ꎬ뛔쎿룶룚캻듓횰퓰ꆢ죎횰룱뫍릤ퟷ뮷뺳뗈랽뛸뷸탐튻튻움볛ꎬ춻돶룚캻ꎬ횰퓰뫍릱쿗뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ살좷뚨룷룶룚캻뗄ퟮ뗍릤ꎬ횰릤틔듋ퟷ캪폫웳튵첸에뗄닎뾼ꆣ늻춬뗄룚캻뛔웳튵뗄볛횵늻튻퇹ꎬ퓚늻춬뗄룚캻짏릤ퟷ뗄죋쯹쓃뗄릤늻튻퇹ꎬ헢폐샻폚뗷뚯횰릤뗄믽벫탔ꆣ튻쫇쓜솦움볛ꎬ뛔웳튵쓚뗄튻킩훘튪벼쫵뾪랢룚캻ꎬ믲룟뿆벼웳튵쓚ꎬ뛔폐킩횰퓰닮뇰늻듳ꎬ떫쓜솦쯘훊닮뇰듳뗄풱릤ꎬ뮹튪뷸탐쓜솦움볛ꎬ룸쓜솦룟뗄죋틔룟릤ꆣ풭틲쫇ꎬ웳튵랢햹탨튪룟쓜솦ꆢ룟쯘훊뗄풱릤ꎬ캪쇋뇜쏢룟쓜솦죋풱뗄쇷쪧ꎬ튪룸쯻쏇룟릤ꆣ릫쮾쪵탐킭짌릤훆뗄킭짌훷쳥쮫랽욽뗈뛔뮰ꎬ틲룚뛸첸ꎬ틔룚뚨돪ꆣ캪좷놣뺺울짏룚뗄릫뾪ꆢ릫욽뫍릫헽ꎬ뛅뻸늻헽떱뺺울뫍쯦틢쳡룟ꆢ맽뛈톹뗍릤듽폶뗄쿖쿳랢짺ꎬ놣횤뛠샍뛠뗃ꆢ짙샍짙뗃뗄킧맻ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ룹뻝놾웳튵뗄쪵볊쟩뿶좷뚨뫏샭뗄릤닮뇰ꆣ웳튵릤훆뛈뗄뫋탄ꎬ쫇죧뫎좷뚨횰릤뗄릤닮뇰ꆣ웳튵릤뫏샭뗄닮뇰ꎬ폐샻폚뮺뷢쫕죫럖엤닮뻠맽듳뗄쿖ힴꆣ웳튵닉좡뫎훖랽쪽뗄릤훆뛈ꎬ펦룹뻝놾웳튵뗄쪵볊쟩뿶뻶뚨ꆣ릤쫇샍뚯헟쯹쳡릩샍뚯볛횵뗄놨돪ꎬ샍뚯헟횪쪶ꆢ벼쓜ꆢ쯘훊뗈닮뇰뫜듳ꎬ쳡릩뗄샍뚯늻튻퇹ꎬ쯹틔뒴퓬뗄볛횵튲늻쿠춬ꎬ릤 53
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뇘탫쳥쿖헢훖닮뇰ꆣ뫏샭ꆢ쫊떱뗄릤닮뇰뛔풱릤쿲룼룟횰캻뫍룼룟벼쓜쮮욽랢햹랢믓벤샸ퟷ폃ꎬ떫쫇맽룟뗄릤닮뇰폖듬짋쇋릤죋뗄믽벫탔ꎬ틽웰샍뚯헟뗄늻싺ꆣ 㐮ㄮ?릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄릹붨ꆪꆪ뫪맛뿘훆?릤뗄뫪맛뿘훆63ꎬ횸맺볒듓맺쏱뺭볃좫뻖돶랢ꎬ퓋폃뺭볃ꆢ램싉틔벰탐헾뗈쫖뛎ꎬ듓뫪맛짏뿘훆ퟅ릤뗄퓋뚯뫍뇤뮯ꆣ쯦ퟅ쫐뎡뮯뗄췪짆ꎬ웳튵릤럖엤훆뛈뗄룄룯ꎬ헾뢮훰붥췋돶쇋웳튵릤럖엤뗄캢맛쇬폲ꎬ쪵쿖쇋횰쓜뗄뮻ꎬ룼볓힢훘뫪맛뗄횸떼ꆢ볠뚽ꆢ맜샭ꆢ뗷뷚ퟷ폃뗄랢믓ꆣ헾뢮뫍맺볒뛔릤뫪맛뿘훆뗄훷튪횰쓜폐ꎺ a.욽뫢뫪맛뺭볃뫍럖엤컊쳢ꆣ볓뿬뺭볃퓶뎤랽쪽뗄뇤ꎬ쟐쪵췆뷸벯풼뮯랢햹ꎬ캪샍뚯헟훰늽퓶볓릤쳡릩잿듳컯훊믹뒡ꆣ킭뗷릤ퟜ뛮ꎬ릤퓶뎤폫뺭볃퓶뎤ꎬ짺닺폫쿻럑ꎬ릤폫컯볛뗈맘쾵ꎬ욽뫢웳튵ꆢ풱릤뗄럖엤맘쾵ꆣ쒿뇪쫇쪹릤뷡릹ꎬ릤쮮욽폫뺭볃랢햹ꎬ죋컄짧믡랢햹쿠쫊펦ꎬ훰늽쳡룟뻓쏱쫕죫퓚맺쏱쫕죫럖엤훐뗄뇈훘ꎬ탎돉솼탔톭뮷ꆣ췆뷸럖엤훆뛈룄룯ꎬ샭쮳럖엤맘쾵ꎬ훰늽퓶볓샍뚯헟릤쫇듳쫆쯹쟷ꎬ떫잰쳡쫇뇘탫볓뿬랢햹ꎬ뇘탫내헕뿆톧랢햹맛뗄튪쟳볡뚨늻틆뗘ퟟ탂탍릤튵뮯뗄뗀슷ꆣ뷱뫳퓙뾿뗍샍뚯솦돉놾ꆢ뗍췁뗘볛룱캬돖뗍쮮욽삩헅뗄슷ퟓ쫇탐늻춨뗄ꆣ튪냑퓶볓샍뚯헟뗄릤ퟷ캪튻훖뚯솦뫍톹솦ꎬ뇆ퟅ웳튵틀뾿뿆벼뷸늽ꎬ듳솦쪵쪩쏻없햽싔ꎬ늻뛏쳡룟닺튵닣듎ꆢ쳡룟닺욷뢽볓횵뫍뿆벼몬솿ꎬ쳡룟샍뚯짺닺싊ꎬ잧랽냙볆붵뗍떥캻닺욷뗄릤몬솿ꎬ붵뗍돉놾ꎬ늻뛏쳡룟웳튵맜샭쮮욽ꆣ b.훆뚨맦퓲뫍볠뚽훙닃ꆣ훷튪쫇헾뢮춨맽솢램쏷좷샍룷랽퓚릤럖엤훐뗄좨샻뫍틥컱ꎬ붨솢탐캪ힼ퓲ꆣ춨맽췪짆램싉램맦ꆢ짮뮯룄룯뫍뫪맛뗷뷚ꎬ맦랶돵듎럖엤훈탲ꎬ쪹샍뚯놨돪퓶뎤폫뺭볃퓶뎤뫍웳튵킧틦퓶뎤쿠쫊펦ꆣ헾뢮춨맽횴램믺릹볠뚽볬닩ꎬ좷놣샍뚯맘쾵쮫랽쟐쪵ퟱ쫘램싉ꆢ램맦ꎬ틔캬뮤릤럖엤헽뎣훈탲ꆣ튪좫쏦쪵탐샍뚯뫏춬훆뛈뫍릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ좷놣릤내쪱ퟣ뛮랢럅ꆣ퓚샍뚯맘쾵쮫랽랢짺쎬뛜쪱ꎬ탐쪹뗷뷚뫍훙닃횰쓜ꆣ c.엠폽샍뚯솦쫐뎡ꆣꆰ쫐뎡뗷뷚릤ꆱ쫗쿈튪틔샍뚯솦쫐뎡뗄돉쫬랢폽ퟷ캪믹뒡탔잰쳡ꆣ떱잰컒맺샍뚯솦ퟜ쳥쟩뿶쫇ퟜ솿퇏훘맽쪣ꎬ쯦ퟅ닺튵뷡릹뗄뗷헻뫍웳튵뗄쫐뎡뮯퓋ퟷꎬ맺폐웳튵듳솿뗄뢻폠죋풱틑뷸죫쫐뎡횰튵쇷뚯ꆣ샍뚯솦쫐뎡뢲룇늻좫ꎬ뺺헹늻돤럖ꎬ쯹탎돉뗄쫐뎡릤쓑쏢쪧헦ꆣ떱잰맺볒펦볓뿬붨솢뫍췪짆짧믡놣헏쳥훆ꎬ믽벫컈췗뗘럖쇷쿂룚죋풱ꎬ퓚룶짧믡뾪햹퓙뻍튵뿎돌ꎬ맄샸샍뚯솦쇷뚯ꎬ붨솢뇣뷝뗄샍뚯솦쫐뎡탅쾢쳥쾵ꎬ볓잿쿂룚틔벰 63 헔싄뿭?뚭뿋폃?릤맜샭?쇉쓾?쇉쓾죋쏱돶냦짧⸱㤸㜮㌮倲?ꆪ? 54
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 쪧튵죋풱뗄횰튵엠통ꎻ맺폐웳튵횰릤좫풱샍뚯뫏춬뮯ꎬퟶ떽쓜뷸쓜돶ꎬ쮫쿲톡퓱ꎻ튪내헕뿆톧뮯ꆢ맦랶뮯ꆢ쿖듺뮯뗄튪쟳ꎬ좫쏦볓잿샍뚯솦쫐뎡붨짨ꎻ퓚맺볒헾닟횸떼쿂ꎬ쪵탐샍뚯헟ퟔ훷퓱튵ꆢ쫐뎡뗷뷚뻍튵뫍헾뢮듙뷸뻍튵뗄뻍튵랽쿲ꆣ횻폐쯹폐횰릤뫍쯹폐웳튵뚼닎폫쇋샍뚯솦쫐뎡뗄릩쟳뺺헹ꎬ튻룶돤럖뻹뫢뗄ꆢ뻟폐뗷뷚솦뗄쫐뎡릤닅쓜헦헽탎돉ꆣ d.맘폚릤탎돉쳘쫢컊쳢뗄헾닟ꆣ맺볒붨솢뿆톧뗄훆뛈짨볆ꎬ쪹뗃릤럖엤뷸튻늽뫏샭뮯ꆣ샽죧폐킧뗄뷢뻶쫕죫닮뻠맽듳ꎬ튻킩탐튵믲헟웳튵릤맽룟ꎻ붨솢ퟮ뗍릤훆뛈놣헏풱릤틔벰볒춥믹놾뗄짺믮ꎬ놣횤쯦뺭볃퓶뎤쫊쪱뗷헻ퟮ뗍릤뇪ힼꎻ떱돶쿖뺭볃늨뚯맽듳ꎬ컯볛쮮욽퓶뎤맽뿬뗈쟩뿶ꎬ맺볒톡퓱릤ꆪ컯볛틔벰웤쯻쫕죫헾닟살컈뚨뺭볃ꎻ쳡릩쫐뎡탅쾢ꎬ횸떼웳튵ퟷ뫃쓚늿럖엤뗈릤ퟷꎬ랢믓릤횸떼쿟ꆢ샍뚯솦쫐뎡볛캻ꆢ탐튵죋릤돉놾탅쾢뛔릤쮮욽뗄틽떼ퟷ폃ꆣ 㐮?췪짆틔벯쳥킭짌훆뛈캪믹뒡뗄웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆ꆪ훐맛뿘훆㘴?퓚쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾쿂ꎬ웳튵릤ퟔ훷뻶뚨틢캶ퟅ웳튵뺭펪헟쿭폐ퟔ훷좷뚨릤뗄좨솦ꆣ샻폃헢훖릤뻶뚨좨좷뚨뗄릤쯤좻튲믡뾼싇쫐뎡틲쯘뫍웳튵쓚늿짺닺쳘뗣벰뺭펪ힴ뿶ꎬ떫헢뇏뺹쫇웤튻랽뗄에뛏ꆢ죏쪶ꆢ틢풸뫍뻶뚨ꎬ컞싛듓훷맛뮹쫇뿍맛뚼믡쪹뺭펪헟ퟮ뫳좷뚨뗄릤늻뺡뫏샭ꎬ늢틽웰샍뚯솦릩쟳쮫랽훐뗄쇭튻랽ꆪ릤죋뗄늻싺ꆣ닺풼쫸뿉틔풼쫸릤ꎬ떫헽죧놾훷틥웳튵튻퇹ꎬ뇘좻퓬돉릤퓶뎤뮺싽ꎬ샍맘쾵뷴헅ꎬ늻샻폚짧믡뺭볃뗄컈뚨랢햹ꆣ쯹틔붨솢틔벯쳥킭짌캪믹뒡뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ평웳튵쓚늿샍뚯솦릩쟳쮫랽쿠뮥훆풼ꎬ뷸뛸탎돉웳튵릤ퟔ컒풼쫸믺훆쫇쮳펦컒맺짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃랢햹뗄뿍맛튪쟳ꆣ?죧뫎췆뷸쏱훷킭짌ꎬ췪짆틔벯쳥킭짌캪믹뒡뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆쫇횵뗃컒쏇퇐뺿뗄훘튪뿎쳢ꎬ뇊헟죏캪쿖뷗뛎펦듓틔쿂벸랽쏦죫쫖ꎺ 㐮㈮?못쪵벯쳥킭짌믹뒡 쪵쪩벯쳥킭짌릤훆ꎬ첸에쮫랽탨뻟놸튻뚨쳵볾ꎬ튻뇟쫇닺좨맘쾵쟥컺ꎬ쓜헦헽듺뇭쯹폐헟샻틦뗄웳튵ꎻ튻뇟쫇붨솢웰듺뇭횰릤샻틦뗄릤믡ퟩ횯ꆣ쒿잰컒맺럇릫폐훆웳튵닺좨맘쾵 64 훐맛뗄닣듎뗄뿘훆ꎬ짦벰벯쳥샍뚯맘쾵ꆣ샍뚯솦쫇ퟷ캪벯쳥뗄샍뚯솦살뷸탐맦뚨ꆣ샍뚯맘쾵뻟폐닆닺맘쾵뫍욽뗈맘쾵뗄쫴탔ꎬ뻶뚨쇋헢훖맘쾵뗄쮫랽떱쫂죋ꎬ벴샍뚯헟뫍폃죋떥캻탫틔컯훊샻틦캪뚯틲ꎬ뷸탐킭짌ꆣ 55
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쫇쏷컺뗄ꎬ떫듳뛠쫽럇릫웳튵쎻폐붨솢릤믡ퟩ횯ꎬ평횰릤췆톡듺뇭폫웳튵뷸탐벯쳥킭짌ꎬ볈폐튻뚨쓑뛈ꎬ폖쓑틔탎돉폫웳튵쿠뮥훆뫢뗄솦솿ꎬ헢탨튪퓚럇릫폐훆웳튵웕뇩붨솢릤믡ퟩ횯ꆣ뛔맦쒣뫜킡뗄웳튵ꎬ뛔췢웳튵뫍쮽펪웳튵ꎬ퓚퓝쪱컞램ퟩ붨릤믡ퟩ횯폐킧닎폫킭짌뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ헾뢮뿉틔훆뚨램맦ꎬ캯췐뗘쟸탔믲탐튵탔릤믡ퟩ횯듺탐폫웳튵맜샭랽벯쳥킭짌릤좨샻ꆣ컒맺맺폐웳튵뗄쟩뿶쫇ꎬ평폚쫜뒫춳뺭볃쳥훆펰쿬ꎬ닺좨맘쾵늻쏷컺ꎬ맺폐닺쯹폐헟좱캻ꎬ뺭펪헟늻쓜헦헽듺뇭닺쯹폐헟뗄샻틦ꎬ좴폫횰릤솢뎡ꆢ샻틦튻훂ꎬ헢뻍튪볓뿬맺폐웳튵닺좨훆뛈룄룯ꆣ쇭췢ꎬ컒맺릤믡ퟩ횯뗄놡죵쫇릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈쓑틔랢믓킧맻뗄훷튪풭틲ꎬ컒쏇뇘탫춨맽ꆶ릤믡램ꆷ뫍ꆶ릤믡헂돌ꆷ뗈볓잿럇릫폐훆웳튵뗄릤믡ퟩ횯뗄붨솢ꎬ늻뛏췪짆릤믡ퟩ횯ꎬ쪵탐평릤죋톡뻙릤믡쇬떼ꎬ쪹릤믡헦헽돉캪캬뮤릤죋샻틦뗄볡잿ퟩ횯ꎬ늢춨맽램싉쫖뛎쪹맍훷돐죏릤믡ퟩ횯뫍릤믡ퟩ횯믮뚯뗄뫏램폐킧탔ꆣ횻폐떱웳튵붨솢웰닺좨맘쾵쏷컺ꆢ훆뛈맦랶ꆢ맜샭뿆톧뗄쿖듺웳튵훆뛈ꎬ쪹쯹폐쓚뮯폚웳튵ꎬ춬쪱폖폐튻룶듺뇭횰릤샻틦뗄릤믡ퟩ횯ꎬ릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈닅쓜헦헽탎돉믺훆뛸늻쫇쇷폚탎쪽ꆣ 4⸲⸲볓잿훷쳥붨짨 릤믡퓚쫂맘샍뚯헟쟐짭샻틦뗄컊쳢짏ꎬ냼삨웳튵죧뫎뫏샭좷뚨샍뚯뚨뛮뇪ힼ뗄컊쳢짏ꎬ뻟폐램뚨뗄듫쪩뫍퓰죎ꆣ헢쫇ꆶ샍뚯뫏춬램ꆷ뗈램싉뢳폨릤믡뗄훘튪뗄퓰죎ꆣ볓잿릤믡퓚릤벯쳥킭짌뗄훷쳥붨짨ꎬ돤럖랢믓룷벶릤믡뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ쫗쿈ꎬ튪룄뇤틔췹뚯풱쮵럾웳튵붨솢릤믡뗄ퟶ램ꎬ믽벫랢뚯횰릤ퟩ횯웰살돉솢릤믡ꎻ룄뇤평웳튵죎쏼믲쇬떼죋볦죎릤믡쇬떼죋뗄ퟶ램ꎬ내헕ꆶ릤믡램ꆷ뫍ꆶ릤믡헂돌ꆷ뗄맦뚨뫍튪쟳ꎬ평횰릤톡뻙닺짺릤믡훷쾯ꎬ헦헽쪵쿖릤믡뗄쏱훷뮯뫍좺훚뮯ꆣ?웤듎ꎬ놣횤릤믡퓚첸에훐쓜릻듺뇭뫍캬뮤횰릤뗄샻틦ꆣ퓚튻킩릤믡솦솿뮹늻잿뗄훐킡웳튵ꎬ뿉틔뾼싇닉폃쿂쇐랽쪽퓶잿릤믡뗄듺뇭탔ꎺ튻쫇횰릤첸에듺뇭평횰릤춶욱톡뻙닺짺ꆣ캪볓잿릤믡뗄듺뇭탔뿉틔닉폃캴붨솢릤믡뗄웳튵췆뻙킭짌듺뇭뗄ퟶ램ꎬ돽릤믡훷쾯췢ꎬ웤쯻킭짌듺뇭뗄닺짺평횰릤쏱훷톡뻙ꎬ늢뺭횰릤냫쫽틔짏춬틢ꎬ틔듋췆뷸릤믡쏱훷뮯ꎬ퓶잿웤듺뇭ퟷ폃ꆣ뛾쫇평짏벶릤믡엉돶듺뇭횱뷓뷩죫웳튵뗄벯쳥킭짌훐ꎬ킭훺횸떼뫍볠뚽웳튵뗄벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷꎬ볓잿웳튵릤믡뗄솦솿ꆣ죽쫇뿉틔평헾뢮캯췐튻킩ퟩ횯ꆢ짵훁뿉평헾뢮쟗ퟔ돶쏦폫맍훷첸에ꎬ튻킩뺭퇩횤쏷헢튲쫇튻룶뿉탐뗄ퟶ램ꆣ틲캪퓚쫐뎡뺭볃랢햹뗄돵웚헾뢮뗄훘튪죎컱뻍쫇캬돖샍맘쾵쮫랽뗄솦솿욽뫢ꆣ퓚쒿잰맺폐웳튵릤믡뛀솢탔늻ퟣꆢ럇릫폐웳튵릤믡솦솿 56
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 놡죵뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ캨튻뗄뷢뻶랽램쫇랢믓짏벶릤믡뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ듳솦랢햹쟸폲탔탐튵탔릤벯쳥킭짌ꆣ평짏벶릤믡듺뇭쯹쫴웳튵뗄횰릤폫웳튵듺뇭뻍샍뚯뇪ힼꆢ볆볾떥캻ꆢퟮ뗍릤뗈뷸탐첸에ꎬ늢듯돉탐튵릤뇪ힼꎬ짵훁잩뚩쟸폲탔탐튵릤벯쳥킭틩ꆣ ퟮ뫳ꎬ붨틩룷벶릤믡뚼냑릤벯쳥킭짌쇐캪뎣쓪훘뗣릤ퟷꆣ본폚릤벯쳥킭짌쫇캬뮤횰릤뫏램좨틦ퟮ훘튪뗄믺훆횮튻ꎬ붨틩룷벶릤믡쎿쓪뚼냑릤벯쳥킭짌ퟷ캪훘뗣릤ퟷ늿쫰ꎬퟶ뫃릤벯쳥킭짌뗄뗷퇐뫍엠통릤ퟷ?늢쏅헙뾪릤벯쳥킭짌릤ퟷ뺭퇩붻쇷믡릤ퟷ췆뷸믡ꆣ?4⸲⸳췪짆릤벯쳥킭짌솢램 ?헫뛔쿖탐릤벯쳥킭짌솢램듦퓚뗄컊쳢ꎬ쳘뇰쫇캪럀횹릤벯쳥킭짌탎쪽뮯ꎬ뷱뫳췪짆솢램펦ퟅ훘듓틔쿂랽쏦뷸탐ꎺ†?愮뺡뿬훆뚨쏅뗄릤벯쳥킭짌램싉믲램맦ꎬ쳡룟솢램닣듎ꆣꆶ릤벯쳥킭짌쫔탐냬램ꆷ횻쫇튻룶늿쏅맦헂ꎬ헢쿔좻늻쓜쫊펦쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾쿂샍뚯맘쾵훷튪춨맽벯쳥킭짌뷸탐뗷뷚쟩뿶뗄탨튪ꆣퟷ캪쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾쿂뗷헻샍뚯맘쾵훘튪뗄램싉훆뛈ꎬ쏅뗄릤벯쳥킭짌램싉믲램맦뗄훆뚨돶첨쿔뗃폈캪웈쟐ꆣ†??戮쏷좷벯쳥킭짌첸에훐뗄맍훷퓰죎ꆣ쎻폐램싉퓰죎뗄훆뛈퇏룱쮵늢늻쓜돉캪튻쿮램싉훆뛈ꎬ퓚컒맺샍솦솿쿠뛔쪧뫢뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ죧맻뛔웳튵퓚벯쳥킭짌훐뗄탐캪늻볓틔풼쫸ꎬ퓲늻쓜듓룹놾짏룄뇤솦솿쪧뫢뗄ힴ뿶ꆣ붨틩좫맺죋듳볓뿬릤벯쳥킭짌랽쏦뗄솢램늽랥ꎬ쟥샭ꆢ탞룄ꆢ럏횹퓚릤벯쳥킭짌랽쏦죝틗틽웰웧틥뗄램싉램맦ꆣ퓚냤늼폫릤벯쳥킭짌폐맘뗄램싉쪱ꎬ냑붨솢릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ평톡퓱탔뗄맦뚨뇤캪잿훆탔뗄맦뚨ꆣ튪쏷좷맦뚨웳튵펦춨맽릤벯쳥킭짌살좷뚨샍뚯놨돪뗈쫂쿮ꎬ뛔뻜뻸뾪햹릤벯쳥킭짌믲뛔횰릤킭짌듺뇭뗄캴틀램맦놣뮤뗄웳튵펦쏷좷램싉퓰죎ꎬ평샍뚯늿쏅ퟶ돶뻟쳥뒦랣ꆣ?c.붨솢붡좫싄풼볠뚽놣헏믺훆뫍욽뗈킭짌헹틩뒦샭훆뛈ꆣ샍뚯맘쾵쮫랽떱쫂죋죎뫎튻랽쳡돶욽뗈킭짌뗄튪쟳ꎬ쇭튻랽컞헽떱샭평늻뗃뻜뻸ꆣ틀램뚩솢뗄벯쳥뫏춬뛔웳튵뫍웳튵좫쳥횰릤뻟폐램싉풼쫸솦ꎬ쮫랽뚼튪퇏룱ퟱ쫘횴탐ꆣ벯쳥뫏춬뗄싄탐튪뷓쫜릤믡뫍횰릤좺훚뗄볠뚽ꆣ릤믡퓚볠뚽볬닩랽쏦튲탨튪랢믓릤믡뗄램싉볠뚽퓰죎ꎬ릲춬좷놣헢쿮훆뛈뗃떽뫃뗄실쪵ꆣ룷벶샍뚯놣헏늿쏅튪틀램볓잿뛔벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈싄탐쟩뿶뗄탐헾볠달릤ퟷꎬ냑샍뚯놣헏볠달춬릤믡샍뚯램싉볠뚽뷴쏜뷡뫏웰살ꎬ뛔컞헽떱샭평뻜뻸욽뗈킭짌ꆢ캥랴벯쳥뫏춬뗄웳튵ꎬ튪퓰쇮웤쿞웚룄헽ꎬ틀램뒦샭ꆣ튪믽벫첽쯷붨솢욽뗈킭짌믲잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬헹틩뗄탐헾뗷뷢훆뛈ꎬ 57
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 벰쪱틽떼헹틩쮫랽춨맽램싉춾뺶뗷뷢뒦샭ꆣ 㐮㈮?첽쯷뿆톧췆뷸훆뛈랽램 릤믡ퟩ횯튪냑췆탐욽뗈킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈ퟷ캪릤ퟷ훘뗣ꎬ볓잿뗷닩퇐뺿뫍뻟쳥횸떼ꎬ춨맽탻뒫뫍엠통ꎬ듙뷸룷랽뛔릤벯쳥킭짌뗄훘쫓ꎬ릹붨솼뫃뗄짧믡럕캧ꆣ릤믡춨맽탻뒫늻뷶죃횰릤뚮뗃릤벯쳥킭짌쫇캪쇋캬뮤웤뫏램좨틦ꎬ룼튪죃웳튵뺭펪헟죏쪶떽ꎬ욽뗈킭짌ꆢ잩뚩릤킭틩듓쿖쪵뫍뎤풶살뾴ꎬ뛔웳튵랢햹룼폐샻ꎻ쪹헾뢮쿠맘쇬떼틢쪶떽ꎬ췆탐릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈쯹펪퓬돶뗄샍뚯맘쾵뫍킳럕캧ꎬ늻뷶늻믡펰쿬춶뮷뺳ꎬ뮹믡컼틽룼뛠춶헟ꆣퟮ훕쪹헾뢮쇬떼ꆢ횰쓜늿쏅ꆢ웳튵ꆢ릤믡룉늿뫍횰릤좺훚뚼퓶잿릤벯쳥킭짌틢쪶ꎬ쳡룟짧믡룷뷗닣뛔웤뗄죏횪뛈ꎬ뒴퓬솼뫃뗄짧믡럕캧ꎬ쪹릤벯쳥킭짌뗄뫪맛뮷뺳뗃틔룄짆ꆣ릤믡ퟩ횯튪볓잿뛔릤믡룉늿뫍횰릤킭짌듺뇭뗄엠통ꎬ쳡룟욽뗈킭짌뗄쓜솦ꆣ웳튵듺뇭ퟩ횯튪볓잿뛔웳튵뺭펪헟뗄엠통릤ퟷꎬ쳡룟웤뛔욽뗈킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈뗄죏쪶ꎬ캪웳튵뾪햹욽뗈킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬릤ퟷ뒴퓬폐샻쳵볾ꆣ 헾뢮틔벰쿠맘맜샭늿쏅튪믽벫췪짆욽뗈킭짌뫍벯쳥뫏춬릤ퟷ뗄폐맘헾닟맦뚨ꎬ뷸튻늽붡좫벯쳥뫏춬맜샭냬램ꎬퟶ뫃벯쳥뫏춬뗄놨쯍ꆢ짳뫋ꆢ놸낸틔벰킭뗷ꆢ횸떼뫍럾컱릤ퟷꆣ웳튵틀램뺭맽욽뗈킭짌쯹잩뚩뗄벯쳥뫏춬쫇킭뗷샍뚯맘쾵뗄훘튪틀뻝ꆣ튪퓚웕뇩뾪햹욽뗈킭짌뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ믽벫췆뚯늻춬샠탍뗄웳튵붨솢뫍췪짆벯쳥뫏춬훆뛈ꎬ횸떼웳튵듓룷ퟔ뗄쪵볊돶랢ꎬ틲웳훆틋ꎬ뫏샭좷뚨벯쳥뫏춬뻟쳥쓚죝뫍뇪ힼꎬ퓶잿쪵킧탔뫍뿉닙ퟷ탔ꆣ뛔퓝늻뻟놸쳵볾잩뚩ퟛ뫏탔벯쳥뫏춬뗄웳튵ꎬ뿉틔뻍릤럖엤뗈컊쳢잩뚩떥쿮벯쳥뫏춬믲킭틩ꆣ뛔폚췢짌춶웳튵ꆢ쮽펪웳튵ꆢ쿧헲웳튵폈웤쫇킡웳튵쿠뛔벯훐뗄뗘쟸ꎬ평릤믡ퟩ횯듺뇭횰릤폫쿠펦뗄웳튵ퟩ횯듺뇭믲웳튵뷸탐욽뗈킭짌ꎬ잩뚩벯쳥뫏춬ꆣ튪뒦샭뫃벯쳥뫏춬뫍샍뚯맘쾵ꎬ샍뚯뫏춬훐샍뚯쳵볾뫍샍뚯놨돪뗈뇪ힼ늻뗃뗍폚벯쳥뫏춬뗄맦뚨ꆣ 58
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 뷡쫸폯??벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꎬ쫇횸퓚맺볒램싉뗄놣뮤뫍풼쫸쿂ꎬ춨맽웳튵ꎨ맍훷ꎩ폫릤믡ꎨ맍풱ꎩ횮볤뗄첸에살뻶뚨릤뗄튻훖릤뻶뚨랽쪽ꆣ웤훷튪쓚죝냼삨ꎺ릤킭틩뗄웚쿞ꎬ릤럖엤훆뛈ꎬ횰릤쓪뛈욽뻹릤쮮욽벰웤뗷헻럹뛈ꎬ붱뷰ꆢ뷲쳹ꆢ늹쳹뗈럖엤냬램ꎬ뇤룼뫍뷢돽릤킭틩뗄돌탲ꎬ릤킭틩뗄훕횹쳵볾ꆣ놾컄춨맽뷨본컷랽맺볒벯쳥첸에뗄샺쪷뺭퇩뫍뛔컷랽벯쳥첸에뗄뺭볃톧샭싛럖컶뗃돶ꎺ벯쳥첸에뻟폐탎돉뿆톧뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆ꆢ쳡룟웳튵뺭볃킧틦ꆢ뮯뷢샍쎬뛜ꆢ놣헏짧믡뫍킳랢햹뗈훘튪ퟷ폃ꆣ떳뗄쪮웟듳놨룦쳡돶얬솦쪹좫쳥죋쏱ꆰ샍폐쯹뗃ꆱꆢꆰ짮뮯쫕죫럖엤훆뛈룄룯ꎬ퓶볓돇쿧뻓쏱쫕죫ꆱ뗄죎컱ꎬ볓듳쇋뛔웳튵횰릤릤퓶뎤뗄뗷뷚솦뛈ꎬ붨솢횰릤릤헽뎣퓶뎤믺훆ꆣ뫏샭뗄릤퓶뎤믺훆펦틔뫏샭뗄릤뻶뚨믺훆캪믹뒡ꎬ쪵쿖틔짏쒿뇪ꎬ튲탨튪붨솢붡좫틔벯쳥킭짌캪믹뒡뗄탂탍릤뻶뚨믺훆ꎬ뷸튻늽퓚룷룶샠탍웳튵훐췆뷸릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈ꆣ??떫쫇ꎬ컒맺헽뒦폚쫐뎡뺭볃뗄췪짆떱훐ꎬ샍뚯솦쫐뎡늻붡좫ꎬ릤믡뗄랢햹ힴ뿶늻뺡죋틢ꎬ첸에훷쳥솦솿늻뻹뫢ꎬ춳튻뗄샍뚯솦릩쟳탅쾢쾵춳죔캴붨솢ꎬ벯쳥킭짌릤훆뛈킧솦랢믓뮹늻돤럖ꆣ틲듋ꎬ헾뢮죔탨퓚뫪맛짏랢믓횸떼ꆢ볠뚽맜샭뫍럾컱뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ뛔짧믡죵쫆좺쳥볓틔놣뮤ꎬ뛔늻뫏샭뗄릤닮뻠뷸탐뗷헻ꎬ틔듯떽짧믡컈뚨폫뺭볃뿬쯙랢햹뗄킭뗷ꆣ뿉틔뿏뚨뗄쫇ꎬꆰ쫐뎡믺훆뗷뷚ꆢ웳튵ퟔ훷럖엤ꆢ횰릤쏱훷닎폫ꆢ맺볒볠뚽횸떼ꆱ뇘붫돉캪컒맺캢맛뺭볃떥캻릤뻶뚨뗄훷튪쒣쪽ꆣ? 59
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 닎뾼컄쿗??ꆾ?ꆿ헔싄뿭?뚭뿋폃?릤맜샭?쇉쓾?쇉쓾죋쏱돶냦짧⸱㤸㜮㌮倲?ꆪ??ꆾ?ꆿ퓸쿦좪?뺭볃퓶뎤맽돌훐뗄릤믺훆?놱뺩?훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦짧⸱㤸㤮ㄱ⹐?ꆪ㈸?ꆾ?ꆿ?쏀?죸뛻ꆤ?ꆤ믴럲싼?샍뚯솦쫐뎡뺭볃톧?듞캰?헅횾잿틫?짏몣?짏몣죽솪?쫩뗪⸱㤸㤮ㄮ倳〰ꆪ㌳??ꆾ?ꆿ힣뻽뗈뇠?쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾쿂뗄웳튵릤맜샭?놱뺩?죋쏱폊뗧돶냦짧⸱㤹㔮ㄲ⹐㤰ꆪㄱ??ꆾ?ꆿ뾵쪿폂?릤샭싛폫릤맜샭?놱뺩?훐맺샍뚯돶냦짧⸱㤹㠮㔮倲?ꆪ㐴?ꆾ?ꆿ퇮쿈쏷?샍뚯솦쫐뎡퓋탐퇐뺿?놱뺩ꎺ짌컱펡쫩망⸱㤹㤮倲㘹?㈸??ꆾ?ꆿ?쏀?틁삼늮룱쪷쏜쮹?쿖듺샍뚯뺭볃톧?엋릦쪤뗈틫?뗚쇹냦?놱뺩?훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦짧⸱㤹㤮倲㌵ꆪ㈶??ꆾ?ꆿ돌퇓풰?샍뚯맘쾵?놱뺩?훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦짧⸲〰㈮ㄮ倲㘰ꆪ㈷??ꆾ?ꆿ훜믝훐?캢맛뺭볃톧?짏몣?짏몣죋쏱돶냦짧⸲〰㌮㤮倲㘲ꆪ㈸??ꆾꆿ슽쏺?릤뫍뻍튵뗄틩볛샭싛ꎭ뛔훐맺뛾풪뻍튵쳥훆뗄킧싊뾼달?짏몣ꎺ짏몣죽솪쫩뗪짏몣죋쏱돶냦짧ꎬ㈰〴⹐ㄲꆪㄳ?ꆾㄱꆿ돌퇓풰?벯쳥첸에훆뛈퇐뺿?놱뺩?훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦짧⸲〰㐮ㄮ倠㔱ꆪ??ꆾㄲꆿ즣웕쮹뢣쳘즣쓉췐쮹뇠?샍뚯뺭볃톧잰퇘컊쳢?놱뺩ꎺ훐맺쮰컱돶냦짧ꎬ㈰〰⸱?ꆾㄳꆿ뎣뾭?싛냕릤좨솢램?좫쟲뮯폫샍릤좨틦뫍샍릤헾닟맺볊퇐쳖믡싛컄孒崮릤죋돶냦짧㈰〲⸲??ꆾㄴꆿ컢뫬쇐?벯쳥킭짌믺훆훐릤믡램싉뗘캻뗄퓙쮼뾼孊崮ꆶ즽뚫탐헾톧풺즽뚫쪡뺭볃맜샭룉늿톧풺톧놨ꆷ⸲〰㠮??ꆾㄵꆿ췵죎쿩?닌뇳?샍뚯헹틩낸볾죴룉컊쳢첽쳖孊崮ꆶ뮪훐얩튵듳톧톧놨ꆷ⸲〰㌮??ꆾㄶꆿ듷붨훐?쿖뷗뛎훐맺쮽펪웳튵훷퇐뺿孊崮ꆶ짧믡톧퇐뺿ꆷ?㈰〱⸵??ꆾㄷꆿ훜뎤돇?맘폚훐췢뫏웳튵훐샍맘쾵뗄뗷닩孒崮짧믡뿆톧퇐뺿⸲〰〮㈮?ꆾㄸꆿ췵탂붨?컢뺮쳯뗈훷뇠⸲〰?짮?샍뚯맘쾵랢햹놨룦?놱뺩?짧믡뿆톧컄쿗돶냦짧?? 60
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 ㈰〷⸷⹐㠱ꎬㄲ??ꆾㄹꆿ?램?욤낣뛻ꆤ뾨뫕뿋?낲뗂쇒ꆤ웫뛻놴뛻늩룱?샍뚯뺭볃톧?짲컄틫?짏몣?짏몣닆뺭듳톧돶냦짧⸲〰㜮㠮倳㈳ꆪ㌷??ꆾ??ꆿ헅뾹쮽?릤벯쳥킭짌뗄풼쫸쳵볾럖컶孊崮ꆶ뚫놱닆뺭듳톧톧놨ꆷ⸲〰ㄮ㠮倱?ꆪㄷ?ꆾ㈱ꆿ䵩捨慥氠坡汴潮쇬떼뗄킡ퟩ뇠훆?ㄹ㤵쓪쫀뷧랢햹놨룦ꎭꎭ튻쳥뮯쫀뷧훐뗄샍뚯헟孒?훐맺닆헾뺭볃돶냦짧⸱㤹㔮㡐?ꆪ??ꆾ㈳ꆿ뻍튵뫍짧믡헾닟캯풱믡?좫쟲릤ힴ뿶ꎺ뷸햹폫쳴햽뗚㈹?뷬믡틩ꎬ㈰〷⸳ꎬ倱ꆪ??ꆾ㈳ꆿ쯯ퟦ랼?쫔컶릤벯쳥킭짌훆뛈孊崮ꆶ짧믡뿆톧ꆷ⸲〰ㄮ⹐ㄱꆪㄴ?ꆾ㈴ꆿ믆죎쏱?릤벯쳥킭짌훐뗄뺭볃럖컶孊崮ꆶ릤믡샭싛폫쪵볹ꆷ⸲〰㈮?ꎬ倳?ꆪ㌴?ꆾ㈵ꆿ퇮캵?샍뚯솦볛룱뗄쫐뎡늩?믺훆孊崮ꆶ톧쫵싛첳ꆷ⸲〰㜮ꎬ倱〳ꆪ??ꆾ㈰ꆿ뚭뿋폃ꎬ돉뗃샱?훐맺뺭볃맬맽돌훐뗄킽돪컊쳢孊崮ꆶ뫾쓏짧믡뿆톧ꆷ⸲〰㘮ㅐㄲꆪㄴ?ꆾ㈶ꆿ퓸횾뫆?벯쳥첸에릤훆뛈퇐뺿孄崮뮪뚫붻춨듳톧⸲〰㌮倲?ꆪ㌰?ꆾ㈷ꆿ좫쟲뮯뗄짧믡펰쿬쏦컊쳢릤ퟷퟩ뇠?솼뫃맜샭뗄헾닟뫍짧믡믯냩맘쾵뗚㈸?뷬믡?틩?맺볊샍릤뻖샭쫂믡⸲〰㌮ㄱ⹐?ꆪ??ꆾ㈸ꆿ좫쟲뮯뗄짧믡펰쿬쏦컊쳢릤ퟷퟩ뇠?벯쳥첸에뫍쳥쏦샍뚯틩돌?뗚㈸?뷬믡틩?맺?볊샍릤뻖샭쫂믡⸲〰㘮ㄱ⹐?ꆪㄲ?ꆾ㈹ꆿ䩯桮⁔⹄畮汯瀮坡来⁄整敲浩湡瑩潮⁵湤敲⁔牡摥⁕湩潮獛䩝??䵡捭楬污渠䍯浰慮礮乥眠奯牫⹅汳瑥?ꎬㄹ㐴??ꆾ㌱ꆿ偩杯甬䄮䌮ㄹ㌳⹔桥⁔桥潲礠潦⁕湥浰汯祭敮瑛?䵝⹌潮摯渺䵡捭楬污渮ㄹ㌳??ꆾ㌲ꆿ䡩捫猬䨮刮周攠周敯特映坡来献䱯湤潮㩍慣浩汬慮ꎬㄹ㌲??ꆾ㌳ꆿ乩捫?汬ⱓ湤⁁湤牥睳ⱍ⹕湩潮猬剥慬⁗慧敳湤⁅浰汯祭敮琠楮⁂物瑡楮??ㄹ㔱?㜹孊崮佸景牤⁅捯湯浩挠偡灥牳ⱖ潬⸳㔮乯‱ꎬㄹ㠳??ꆾ㌴ꆿ䵣䑯湡汤湤⁓潬潷⹗慧攠扡牧慩湩湧湤浰汯祭敮瑛䩝⹁浥物捡渠?䕣潮潭楣⁒敶楥眠㜱ꎬㄹ㠱ꎬ㠹?ꆪ㤰㠮?ꆾ㌵ꆿ副礠䄮獯浥⁴桯畧桴猠潮⁴桥楳瑲楢畴楯渠潦慲湩湧獛䩝⹏硦潲搠? 61
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 䕣潮潭楣⁐慰敲?ꎬㄹ㔱ꎬㄳ?ꆪㄴ㘮?ꆾ㌶ꆿ䵣䑯湡汤⁆牥敭慮ⱒ楣桡牤ⱕ湩潮敮獩瑹湤捯湯浩挠灥牦潲浡湣攺??䅮湡汹獩猠潦⁕⹓⹓瑡瑥獛䩝⹅畲潰敡渠䕣潮潭楣⁒敶楥?ꎬㄹ㠸ꎬ䕬獥癥爠癯氮㌲⠲?㌩??ꆾ㌷ꆿ副睴桯牮⹃敮瑲慬楳慴楯?ꎬ敭灬潹浥湴湤⁷慧攠?楳灥牳楯湛剝⹅捯湯浩挠䩯畲湡?ꎬㄹ㤲ꎬ?ꎨ㐱?ꎩ㨵〶ꆪ㔲㌮?ꆾ㌸ꆿ䵩捨慥氠䉲畮漠慮搠䩥晦牥礠卡捨献䕣潮潭楣猠潦⁷潲汤睩摥??獴慧晬慴楯湛䵝⹊潵牮慬映䥮瑥牮慴楯湡氠䕣潮潭楣?ꎬㄹ㠶ꎬ癯氮㈱獳略‱?㈮?ꆾ㌹ꆿ䍡汭景牳⹌ꎬ䨮䑲楦晩汬⹂慲条楮楮朠却牵捴畲攮?䍯牰潲慴楳洠慮搮䵡捲潥捯湯浩挠健牦潲浡湣敛䩝⹅捯湯浩挠偯汩捹ꎬㄹ㠸ꎬ㘺ㄴ?㘱??ꆾ㐰ꆿ䵯敮攬坡汬敲獴敩渠慮搠䡯敬⹂慲条楮楮朠却牵捴畲攠慮搠?䕣潮潭楣⁐敲景牭慮捥孍崮佳汯⁕湩癥牳楴礬䑥灡牴浥湴映䕣潮潭楣?ꎬㄹ㤲??ꆾ㐱ꆿ删䱡祡牤ⱓ⁎楣步氬刮䩡捫浡渮啮敭灬潹浥湴⹍慣牯散潮潭楣⁐敲景牭慮捥湤??桥⁌慢潵爠䵡牫整孍崮佸景牤⁕湩癥牳楴礠偲敳?ꎬㄹ㤱??ꆾ㐲ꆿ䵩捨慥氠坡汬敲獴敩渮䍥湴牡汩穥搠䉡牧慩湩湧湤⁗慧攠剥獴牡楮瑛䩝??䅭敲楣慮⁊潵牮慬映偯汩瑩捡氠卣楥湣攬噯氮㌴ⱎ漮㐬ㄹ㤰ꎬ㤸??〴??ꆾ㐳ꆿ副睴桯牮⹃敮瑲慬楳慴楯?ꎬ敭灬潹浥湴湤⁷慧攠摩獰敲獩潮孒崮?䕣潮潭楣⁊潵牮慬ꎬㄹ㤲ꎬ?ꎨ㐱?ꎩ㨵〶ꆪ㔲㌮?ꆾ㐴ꆿ䝯牤潮ꎬ副来?ꎬ慮搠䑡癩搠?ꎮ䱩⹔桥⁅晦散瑳映坡来⁄楳瑯牴楯湳??瑨攠呲慮獩瑩潮ꎺ周敯特湤⁅癩ꆪ摥湣攠晲潭⁃桩湡孊崮䕵牯灥慮⁅捯湯浩挠剥癩敷ꎬㄹ㤹ꎬ㐳⸱㘳ꆪㄸ?ꎮ?ꆾ㐵ꆿ䉥湮整琠䡡牲楳潮⹔桥⁔桥潲礠潦⁴桥⁄畡氠䕣潮潭祛九⹎敷⁙潲欺?䙲敥⁐牥獳ꎬㄹ㜷??ꆾ㐶ꆿ䭡桮ꎬ䱡睲敮捥?䍯汬散瑩癥⁂慲条楮楮朠慮搠瑨攠䥮瑥物湤畳瑲礠?坡来⁓瑲畣瑵牥㩉湴敲湡瑩潮慬⁅癩摥湣?孃崮䕣潮潭楣?ꎬ䱯湤潮⁓捨潯氠潦⁅捯湯浩捳湤?偯汩瑩捡氠卣楥湣?ꎬ㈰〸ꎨㄱꎩꎬ癯氮㘵ꎨ㈶?ꎩ㨵〷ꆪ㔳㐮?ꆾ㐷ꆿ却牡湤⹊⹍潮潰潬礠啮楯湳⁶敲獵猠䕦晩捩敮琠䉡牧慩湩湧㩁⁒数敡瑥搠?䝡浥⁁灰牯慣桛䩝⹅畲潰敡渠䩯畲湡氠潦⁐潬楴楣慬⁅捯湯?ꎬㄹ㠹⸵ꎺ㐷?ꆪ㐸㘮?ꆾ㐸ꆿ䱩湤扥捫⹁獳慲ꎬ卮潷敲⹄敮湩献䍥湴牡汩穥搠扡牧慩湩湧湤?? 62
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 牥潲条湩穥搠睯牫㩁牥瑨敹潭灡瑩扬敛䩝⹅畲潰敡渠䕣潮潭楣⁒敶楥眠䕬獥癩敲ꎬ㈰〱ꎬ㐵ꎨꎩ㨳㔳ꆪ㌷㘮?ꆾ㐹ꆿ䉯潴栮䱡祯晦猠睩瑨⁐慹潦晳㩁⁂慲条楮楮朠䵯摥氠潦⁕湩潮⁗慧攠?慮搠卥癥牡湣敐慹⁄整敲浩湡瑩潮孁崮䕣潮潭楣?ꎬㄹ㤵ꎬ㘲㨵㔱ꆪ㔶㐮?††ꆾ??ꆿ䙲敥浡渮刮䈮ꎬ䵥摯晦ꎬ䨮䰮周攠呷漠䙡捥猠潦⁕湩潮楳浛䩝⹔桥??偵扬楣䥮瑥牥獴ꎬㄹ㜹ꎬ㔷㨶?ꆪ㤳???? 63
즽컷닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 ?훂킻듇? 헢욪뇏튵싛컄뗄췪돉튲뻍틢캶ퟅ컒뗄죽쓪쮶쪿퇐뺿짺짺믮벴붫뷡쫸ꎬ믘쫗맽좥ꎬ폐탁쯡튲폐쳰쏀ꆣ컞싛쫇톧쾰뮹쫇짺믮ꎬ뚼쟣힢ퟅ샏쪦쏇뗄맘탄뫍낮뮤ꆣ싛컄뗄킴ퟷ뗃틔쮳샻췪돉ꎬ컒뗃떽쇋뫜뛠죋뗄맘탄ꆢ냯훺뫍횧돖ꆣ퓚듋ꎬ뷷쿲쯹폐뗄샏쪦쏇훂틔ퟮ훔탄뗄룐킻ꆣ?쫗쿈ꎬ컒튪룐킻컒뗄떼쪦십엠짺뷌쫚ꎬ놾컄듓쳢쒿뗄톡퓱떽뷡릹뿲볜ꎬ뚼쫇퓚십샏쪦쾸탄뗄횸떼쿂췪돉ꎬ룐킻십샏쪦뛔컒뗄싛컄뗄죏헦탞룄ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ십샏쪦틔웤풨늩뗄톧쪶뫍룟짐뗄죋룱쪱뿌룐좾ퟅ컒ꆣ죽쓪뗄퇔뒫짭뷌쪹컒쏷냗쇋룃죧뫎캪죋ꆢ죧뫎캪톧ꎬ헢붫쪹컒훕짭쫜틦ꆣ?죽쓪살ꎬ컒뮹뗃떽쇋쇵즺즺샏쪦ꆢ췵폱헤샏쪦ꆢ쳯탄삼샏쪦ꆢ헔헤샏쪦뗈샏쪦뗄쾤탄뷌떼뫍횸뗣ꆣ컞틔캪놨ꎬ횻폐늻뛏뷸좡틔늻뢺웚췻ꆣ?춬쪱ꎬ튪룐킻컒뗄춬톧뫍짡폑ꎬ킻킻쯻쏇퓚톧쾰뫍짺믮훐뛔컒뗄맘탄뫍헕맋ꎬ틔벰캪컒뗄싛컄쳡릩놦맳뗄틢볻ꆣ?ퟮ뫳컒튪룐킻컒뗄볒죋ꎬ룐킻쯻쏇뛔컒뗄샭뷢뫍횧돖ꎬ헢쫇컒췧잿럜뚷뗄ퟮ볡잿뗄솦솿풴좪ꆣ??††††††††††††††††††††††††?췵믛?㈰〹쓪?퓂㈲죕? 64
벯쳥첸에뛔컒맺웳튵릤뻶뚨믺훆뗄펰쿬 릥뛁쮶쪿톧캻웚볤랢뇭뗄싛컄? 췵믛?잳컶짧믡믯냩맘쾵뗄ꆰ틆횲ꆱ컊쳢?쿖듺짌튵⸲〰?ꎨ?ꎩꎺㄹ??㈰??췵믛?틒룎웧쫓뗄뺭볃톧럖컶⸲〰?쓪샍뚯뺭볃톧쓪믡싛컄벯?? 65
