뗚27뻭 뗚9웚 뿆?벼?뷸?늽?폫?뛔?닟 May. 2010 Science & Technology Progress and Policy 2010쓪5퓂 맺췢뒴탂움맀뗄랢햹룅뿶?떳?쓈ꎬ퇮?루ꎬ컢?샚 ()짏몣뿆벼쟩놨퇐뺿쯹ꎬ짏몣 200031 햪?튪ꎺ뒴탂훰붥돉캪뺭볃랢햹뫍웳튵짺듦뗄훷튪믹뗣ꎬ뒴탂움맀튲쯦횮돉캪훘튪틩쳢ꎬ늢퓚늻춬뷗뛎랢햹돶쇋늻춬뗄움맀쒣탍ꎬ탎돉쇋튪쯘퓶볓ꆢ뛔쿳삩듳ꆢ샭싛믹뒡붻닦펦폃뗄ퟜ쳥퇝뇤쟷쫆ꆣ 맘볼듊ꎺ뒴탂닢뛈ꎻ뒴탂움맀ꎻ뒴탂쒣탍 훐춼럖샠뫅ꎺ 뺭샺쇋룟쯙랢햹뷗뛎ꎬ뷸죫떽뫳릤튵뮯쪱듺ꎬ닺튵뷡릹랢()틔1992쓪ꆶ벼쫵뒴탂쫖닡ꆷ냂쮹슽쫖닡뗄랢늼캪뇪짺뇤뮯ꎬ릤튵뺭볃뇈훘훰붥붵뗍ꎬ뗚죽닺튵뇈훘훰붥짏짽ꎻ횾ꎬ뒴탂움맀돉캪튻룶쏅뗄맦랶뗄움맀쿮쒿ꆣ뒴탂움맀춬쪱ꎬ헢튻쪱웚ꎬ샤햽뷡쫸ꎬ훐맺뾪쪼룄룯뾪럅ꎬ좫쟲뮯튲틲듋뛸뮮럖캪3룶뷗뛎ꎺ1980쓪횮잰ꎬ1980ꎭ1992쓪뫍뷸돌뻍듋햹뾪ꎬ죧뫎놣돖쿂튻뷗뛎뗄뺭볃퓶뎤돉캪떱쪱랢1992쓪횮뫳ꆣ 듯맺볒뫍뗘쟸튻룶훘튪컊쳢ꆣ평듋ꎬ탅쾢벼쫵룟쯙랢햹ꎬ() 톧쫵퇐뺿뫍벼쫵뒴탂움맀쪱웚1980쓪횮잰 횪쪶뺭볃떽살ꎬ좫쟲뮯뷸돌짮뮯ꆣ퓚룷훖틲쯘뗄췆뚯쿂ꎬ헢튻쪱웚훷튪쫇톧쫵퇐뺿뫍벼쫵뒴탂움맀쪱웚ꆣ듓좫뒴탂뗄믹쪯뗘캻죕붥쿔쿖ꆣ뒴탂믮뚯돉캪뺭볃랢햹뫍웳튵쟲ퟮ듳뗄좫컄쫽뻝뿢횮튻ScienceDirect쫽뻝뿢볬쯷살뾴ꎬ짺듦뗄맘볼ꎬ틲뛸뛔뒴탂믮뚯죧뫎뫢솿뫍움볛뻍돉캪떱잰(볬쯷닟싔캪“움맀measurement or evaluate or indicator)뫍뒴뗄튻룶죈뗣ꆣ ()탂innovation”ꎬ볬쯷쪱볤퓚1960ꆪ1980쓪볤뗄웚뾯컄헂뫍쫩벮릲폐29욪ꎬ쓚죝짦벰퇐랢ꆢ풤닢ꆢ맺볒ꆢ뷌폽ꆢ쟠1 뒴탂움맀훰붥쫜떽훘쫓 짙쓪뗈뛠룶쇬폲ꎬ뛸폐맘Indicator뗄횻폐4욪ꆣ헢쮵쏷퓚떱쪱뗄컄쿗훐뛠쫽쫇뛔뒴탂샭싛뗄퇐뺿ꎬ뛔폚움맀쪵볹뗄쫀뷧짏뷏캪맦랶뗄움맀믮뚯풼퓚20쫀볍60쓪듺듓쏀퇐뺿뮹뇈뷏짙ꆣ쪵볹훐뛠쫇뛔퇐랢뫍샻뗈벼쫵뒴탂믮뚯맺뾪쪼ꎬ떱쪱훷튪쫇평폚쏀맺쪵쪩쇋뛠쿮룄룯볆뮮ꎬ탨튪뗄뗷닩ꎬ늢틔OECD뗄뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡캪훷튪맦랶ꆣ 뷸탐움맀ꎬ틔믘펦맺쓚뗄훊틉ꆣ듋뫳ꎬ룷맺쿠볌햹뾪쇋움() 톧쫵헹싛뫍룷ퟔ쪵볹쪱웚1980ꎭ1992쓪 맀믮뚯ꎬ움맀뗄뛔쿳튲췆맣떽뮷뺳ꆢ맺럀ꆢ힡랿ꆢ뿆벼뗈헢튻쪱웚쫇톧쫵헹싛뫍룷ퟔ쪵볹뗄쪱웚ꆣ퓚1980ꎭ()뛠룶쇬폲ꆣ뺭볃뫏ퟷ폫랢햹ퟩ횯OECD쫇뷏퓧뾪햹뿆벼움()1991쓪볤ꎬ뛔뒴탂횸뇪innovation and indicator뷸탐볬쯷ꎬ맀뗄맺볊ퟩ횯ꆣ1964쓪OECD뇠쇋ꆶ캪뗷닩퇐뺿폫랢햹랢쿖폐29욪쿠맘컄헂ꎬ춬웚뛔뒴탂움맀뗄볬쯷폐94욪ꆣ()()R&D믮뚯쯹췆볶뗄뇪ힼ맦랶ꆷ뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡ꎬ캪쪵쪩헢쮵쏷뷸죫80쓪듺틔뫳뒴탂움맀퇐뺿뷸죫튻룶뷏캪믮풾뗄R&D믮뚯춳볆뗷닩뗄맺볊뇪ힼ뮯뫍맦랶뮯뗬뚨쇋믹뒡ꆣ쪱웚ꎬ뛔뒴탂뗄죏쪶튲폐쯹춻웆ꎬ뾪쪼돶쿖맽돌뒴탂뫍펪OECD돉풱맺듓60쓪듺뾪쪼ꎬ내헕헢튻쫖닡쾵춳뗘뾪햹쇋쿺뒴탂퇐뺿ꆣ헢튻쪱웚ꎬ뒴탂움맀쪵볹튲쿠뛔뷸죫튻룶듳폐맘R&D믮뚯뗄춳볆뗷닩ꆣ횮뫳ꎬ튻킩럇OECD맺볒튲맦쒣쪱웚ꆣ뷏캪훸쏻뗄쫇1983쓪뗄Yale surveyꎬ평튮슳듳훰늽내헕ꆶ뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡ꆷ쪵쪩놾맺뗄R&D믮뚯뗷닩ꆣ톧뷌쫚Levin뗈죋뷸탐ꎬ뛔130룶탐튵뢺퓰퇐랢뗄릫쮾룟맜()듋뫳ꎬ솪뫏맺뷌뿆컄ퟩ횯UNESCO튲틔룃쫖닡캪뫋탄쓚뷸탐쇋뒴탂뗷닩ꆣ1986쓪OECDퟩ횯쇋튻듎뒴탂뗷닩믡틩ꎬ죝ꎬ럖뇰폚1978쓪뫍1979쓪쳡돶쇋ꆶ뿆벼춳볆맺볊뇪ힼ쫕룥죕웚ꎺ2009–07–31 믹뷰쿮쒿ꎺ짏몣뿆벼랢햹믹뷰쿮쒿(086921008) ퟷ헟볲뷩ꎺ떳?쓈(1972–)ꎬ얮ꎬ짏몣죋ꎬ짏몣뿆벼쟩놨쯹룟벶퇐뺿럖컶쪦ꆢ뢱퇐뺿풱ꎬ퇐뺿랽쿲캪뿆벼폫닺튵ꎻ퇮?루(1976–)ꎬ얮ꎬ즽뚫퇌첨죋ꎬ짏몣뿆벼쟩놨쯹뢱퇐뺿풱ꎬ퇐뺿랽쿲캪뿆벼폫횪쪶닺좨ꎻ컢샚(1979–)ꎬ쓐ꎬ낲믕낲쟬죋ꎬ짏몣뿆벼쟩놨쯹룟벶톯쪦ꎬ퇐뺿랽쿲캪뿆벼폫닺튵ꆣ
뿆벼뷸늽폫뛔닟 2010쓪?· 158 · 뻶뚨듓놱얷맺볒닉폃뗷닩컊뻭뗄탎쪽뾪쪼뷸탐뒴탂뗷닩뎢쟸폲뒴탂움맀ꆣ헢3훖움맀췹췹뮥쿠솪쾵ꎬ춨뎣붫뛔웳튵쫔ꎬ헢훖쫔퇩탔뗷닩돖탸떽1992쓪OECD냂쮹슽쫖닡돶쿖ꆣ 뗄뒴탂움맀쫽뻝내헕닺튵믲쟸폲뷸탐헻샭뫍럖컶ꎬ뗃돶닺튵뒴탂뫍쟸폲뒴탂ힴ뿶ꆣ () 뒴탂움맀맦랶뫍웕뇩쪵볹쪱웚1992쓪틔뫳 듓틑폐뗄쒣탍살뾴ꎬOECD뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡훐뗄퇐랢평폚1992쓪OECD냂쮹슽쫖닡뗄돶쿖ꎬ뒴탂움맀폐쇋움맀쒣탍쫇퓧웚쫀뷧룷맺뷸탐벼쫵뒴탂움맀뗄훷튪틀뻝ꎻ튻뚨뗄맦랶ꆣOECD룷돉풱맺믹놾ퟱ톭냂쮹슽쫖닡뗄움맀()()뗄뿋삳틲뫍싞즭늮룱솴뮷ꆪ믘슷쒣뿲볜뷸탐뒴탂움맀쪵볹ꎬ뛸웤쯼럇돉풱맺ꎬ죧랢햹훐맺볒탍뻟폐뷏캪맣랺뗄펰쿬ꎬ놻뛠룶컄쿗틽폃ꎻ뗂맺뢥샍뛷믴튲닎뾼쇋냂쮹슽쫖닡늢뷸탐쇋탞헽ꎬ죧2001돶냦뗄Bogota 럲킭믡틔웤벫웤돶즫뗄뒴탂첽쯷뛸컅쏻ꎻ뺭뫏ퟩ횯퓚1992Manualꎬ뻍쫇삭뚡쏀훞룹뻝ퟔ짭쟩뿶뛔냂쮹슽쫖닡뷸탐탞쓪쫗듎돶냦냂쮹슽쫖닡틔뫳ꎬ웤뒴탂룅쓮뫍닢솿쒣탍뻍놻뚩틔뫳쯹돶첨뗄맦랶ꆣ룹뻝냂쮹슽쫖닡ꎬ뒴탂움맀퓚쫀뷧맣랺뷓쫜ꆣ틲듋ꎬ헢킩쒣탍쫇룷룶뷗뛎뒴탂샭쓮뗄훷튪듺랶캧쓚뾪쪼쇋듳맦쒣뗄쪵볹ꆣ1993쓪얷쏋뗘쟸뷸탐쇋뗚튻뇭ꎬ쿔쪾쇋뒴탂움맀뗄훷튪퇝뇤맽돌ꆣ 듎뒴탂뗷닩ꎬ웤뫳럖뇰폚1997쓪ꆢ2000쓪ꆢ2005쓪뷸탐 OECD뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡뗄퇐랢벼쫵뒴탂움맀쒣탍 쇋솬탸뗷닩ꆣ쏀맺ꆢ죕놾ꆢ볓쓃듳ꆢ냄듳샻퇇뗈맺튲쿠볌()1964쓪뺭뫏ퟩ횯돶냦쇋ꆶ캪뗷닩퇐뺿폫랢햹R&D믮뷸탐쇋뒴탂뗷닩ꎬ뗷닩뷡맻쫜떽룷맺헾뢮뗄훘쫓ꎬퟷ캪헾뚯쯹췆볶뗄뇪ힼ맦랶ꆷꎬ헢뻍쫇뗚튻냦뗄ꆶ뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖뢮훆뚨헾닟뗄틀뻝횮튻ꆣ춬퇹ꎬ뺡맜OECD룸돶쇋튻뚨뗄닡ꆷꆣ뺭맽뛠쓪뗄랢햹ꎬOECD뛔퇐랢춳볆뗄쓚죝늻뛏뷸맦랶ꎬ떫쫇평폚뒴탂믮뚯죕틦믮풾ꎬ뒴탂랶캧뫍랽쪽늻뛏탐뗷헻ꎬ늢폚2002쓪췆돶쇋쫖닡뗚6냦ꆣ 뇤룯ꎬ틲뛸뛔폚뒴탂움맀뗄퇐뺿튲쟷폚믮풾ꆣ퓚쫽뻝뿢퓚ꆶ뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡ꆷ뗚튻냦훐ꎬ닢量뗄훷튪쓚죝쫇(ScienceDirect훐ꎬ뷶뷶쫇뛔뒴탂횸뇪innovation and 춶죫퇐랢믮뚯뗄죋力풴뫍닆컱풴ꎬ벴퇐랢춶죫ꆣ틔뫳)indicator뗄볬쯷뻍뿉랢쿖ꎬ1992쓪훁뷱뗄폐맘컄헂틑뺭듯뗄냦놾훰붥붫퇐랢럅퓚룼듳뗄뿲볜훐뷸탐볬쫓ꆣ죧퓚1993떽쇋198욪ꎬ쮵쏷뛔뒴탂뗄퇐뺿룼볓짮죫ꆣ 쓪뗄뗚5냦훐ꎬ퇐랢믮뚯뗄춳볆놻럅퓚쇋“컞탎춶”헢훖룼듳뗄뿲볜훐ꎬ벴퇐랢춶죫不횹냼삨퇐랢틔벰쿠맘뗄뿆벼2 뒴탂움맀훷튪쒣탍뗄랢햹 믮뚯ꎬ뮹냼삨죭볾ꆢ통솷ꆢퟩ횯뗈뺭럑춶죫ꎬ늢냼삨퇐랢퓚뒴탂벰폐맘샭싛늻뛏랢햹뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ맺쓚췢돶쿖쇋닺돶춳볆ꆣ 늻짙뒴탂움맀쒣탍ꎬ죧OECD뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡훐뗄퇐랢벼퓚2002쓪뗄뗚6냦훐ꎬ폖퓶볓쇋퇐랢뫏ퟷ뫍좫쟲뮯춳()()쫵뒴탂움맀쒣탍ꆢ뿋삳틲뫍싞즭늮룱볆뗈쓚죝ꎬ늢듓쾵춳싛뷇뛈살뾴퇐랢믮뚯ꆣ2002쓪뗚6냦ꏛ1ꏝꏛ2ꏝ뗄솴뮷ꆪ믘슷쒣탍ꆢ웫죸(Chiesa)뗄맽돌짳볆쒣탍ꆢꆶ뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡ꆷ뗄믹놾쒣탍죧춼1쯹쪾ꆣ ꏛ3ꏝ뗂맺뢥샍뛷믴럲킭믡뷼쓪쳡돶뗄헻쳥뒴탂쒣탍ꆢ뺭뫏ퟩ 횯냂쮹슽쫖닡1992ꆢ1997뫍2005쓪뗄3룶냦놾쒣탍ꆢ삭웳튵 맺볒 웳튵 맺볒 춶죫 닺돶 뚡쏀훞뗄Bogota쫖닡쒣탍ꎬ뮹폐룷룶맺볒퓚뒴탂닢솿훐쯹믺릹?믺릹 짨볆뗄움맀쒣탍ꎬ죧얷쏋뗘쟸뗄뒴탂뗷닩ꆣ 죋솦ꆢ뺭럑ꆢ 샻뗈 쟸폲1 쟸폲2 듓훷튪쓚죝살뾴ꎬ뒴탂움맀뿉틔럖캪ꎺ벼쫵움맀탍ꆢ짨놸ꆢ맺볒춶죫 맽돌움맀탍ꆢ쾵춳움맀탍ꆢ벨킧움맀탍ꆣ벼쫵움맀탍훷튪 쫇틔벼쫵뒴탂캪훷튪움맀쓚죝ꎬ죧OECD뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡춼1?뗚6냦뢥삭쮹뾨뗙쫖닡퇐랢움맀쒣탍 뗄퇐랢ꎻ맽돌움맀훷튪쫇듓뒴탂맽돌뗄룷훖믮뚯횮볤뗄솪헢룶쒣탍폐틔쿂쳘뗣ꎺ뗚튻ꎬ닢솿뛔쿳훷튪쫇뿆퇐믮쾵살움볛ꎬ죧솴뮷ꆪ믘슷쒣탍ꎻ쾵춳움맀훷튪쫇뛔뒴탂뗄뚯ꎬ폈웤쫇퇐랢ꎻ뗚뛾ꎬ닢솿뗄뷇뛈훷튪쫇춶죫닺돶ꎻ뗚룷훖쓚췢틲쯘뷸탐ퟛ뫏움맀ꎬ죧뗂맺뢥샍뛷믴럲킭믡뗄헻죽ꎬ붫퇐랢믮뚯훃폚쾵춳횮훐볓틔뾼달ꎬ퓶볓쇋퇐랢뫏ퟷ쳥뒴탂쒣탍ꎻ벨킧움맀훷튪쫇뛔뒴탂닺돶뗄움맀ꎬ죧OECD뫍좫쟲뮯쓚죝ꎻ뗚쯄ꎬ헢룶쒣탍웰풴폚뛔뒴탂뗄쿟탔죏쪶ꎬ냂쮹슽쫖닡뒴탂닢솿쒣탍뻍뛔뒴탂쫤돶뷸탐쇋움맀ꆣ 벴뒴탂뗄웰틲폫살풴쫇뿆벼뫍믹뒡퇐뺿ꎬ횻튪뛔뿆벼퇐랢듓움맀뛔쿳살뾴ꎬ폐웳튵뒴탂움맀ꆢ닺튵뒴탂움맀뫍퓶볓춶죫뻍믡횱뷓퓶볓뒴탂닺돶ꆣ 퇐뺿 횪쪶 잱퓚랢쏷짨볆쾸퓙짨볆쿺쫐뎡 짨볆 뮯폫쪵짺닺 쫛 퇩 춼2?솴뮷ꆪ믘슷쒣탍
뗚?웚?떳?쓈ꎬ퇮?루ꎬ컢?샚ꎺ맺췢뒴탂움맀뗄랢햹룅뿶?· 159 · 벯돉쒣탍ꎬ벯훐폚뛔뒴탂맽돌뗄쏨쫶ꎻ뗚뛾ꎬ쯼쪹죋쏇뛔 솴뮷ꆪ믘슷쒣탍 벼쫵뒴탂뗄죏쪶폐쇋튻룶량풾ꎬ붫쿟탔뒴탂짏짽떽럇쿟탔()()1986쓪뿋삳틲뫍싞즭늮룱쳡돶뒴탂ꎬ죏쪶떽뒴탂뗄뢴퓓탔ꆣ 쇋솴뮷ꆪ믘슷쒣탍ꎬ헢튻쒣탍죏캪벼쫵뒴탂맽돌늻퓙쫇튻 뗂맺뢥샍뛷믴럲킭믡뗄헻쳥뒴탂쒣탍 룶듓벼쫵ꆢ퇐훆ꆢ붨짨ꆢ훆퓬떽쫐뎡뗄떥쿲쿟탔맽돌ꎬ뛸쫇튻룶뛠튪쯘늢탐벯돉뗄맽돌ꎬ뛠훖믘슷뗄뛠듎랴삡맽돌뗂맺뢥샍뛷믴럲펦폃퇐뺿듙뷸킭믡폐58룶퇐뺿쯹ꎬ뷼탎돉쇋뛠쳵뒴탂슷뺶ꆣ 13 000뿆퇐죋풱ꎬ튻쓪캪3 000뛠뿍뮧췪돉풼10 000쿮뿆솴뮷ꆪ믘슷쒣탍튻릲폐5쳵뒴탂슷뺶ꎺ뗚튻쳵쫇뒴탂퇐뾪랢쿮쒿ꎬ쓪뺭럑10틚얷풪ꆣ킭믡뿆퇐쒣쪽뛀쳘ꎬ뛠쓪뗄훐탄솴ꎬ평랢쏷ꆢ짨볆뾪쪼ꎬ춨맽뾪랢짺닺뷗뛎ꎬ뷡쫸살튻횱샻폃늻춬ퟩ횯쓚늿뫍ퟩ횯횮볤뗄킭춬뫏ퟷ뷸탐뒴폚쿺쫛뷗뛎ꎻ뗚뛾쳵평짨볆떽쿺쫛ꆢ쫐뎡뗄튻쾵쇐훷랴삡탂ꎬ웤췸싧뮯뗄뫏ퟷ랽쪽틑뺭퓚뗂맺솽룶뗘쟸탔뗄뒴탂믹뫍랴삡뮷뗈랴삡믘슷ퟩ돉ꎻ뗚죽쳵쫇뒴탂훐탄솴폫횪쪶횮뗘뷸탐쪵볹볬퇩ꎬ늢탎돉쇋뷏듳뗄펰쿬솦ꆣ웤뛠쓪뗄뒴탂볤뗄맘쾵ꎬ쫇쿠뮥ퟷ폃벰뛠듎랴삡뗄맽돌ꎬ맡뒩폚헻룶뒴쪵볹죏캪ꎬ볓쯙웳튵뒴탂뇘탫듓좫쏦ퟅ쫖ꎬ뛔폚웳튵뒴탂탂믮뚯횮훐ꎻ뗚쯄쳵뇭쪾뿆톧랢쿖떼훂뒴탂ꎻ뗚컥쳵뇭쪾튪뷸탐헻쳥샭뷢ꎬ벴볈튪뾼싇뒴탂믮뚯뗄늻춬쇬폲ꎬ튲튪뒴탂췆뚯퇐뺿ꆣ뫳솽쳵뇭쏷쇋퇐뺿폫뒴탂믮뚯횮볤뮥쿠췆헻쳥맛달웳튵쓚늿뗄헻룶뒴탂맽돌ꎬ뮹튪뾼싇웳튵쪹폃춶뚯뗄맘쾵ꆣ 죫풴뗄쓜솦뫍뒴탂짧믡뮷뺳ꆣ뻟쳥살뾴ꎬ웤훷튪뗄뒴탂ꏛ7ꏝ헢튻쒣탍뗄훷튪쳘뗣쫇ꎺ뗚튻ꎬ쯼쫇벼쫵뒴탂맽돌뗄쒣탍죧춼3쯹쪾ꆣ 뒴탂뮷뺳ꎺ 뒴탂맽돌ꎺ 뫋탄쓜솦폫풴ꎺ 뿆퇐ꆢ짧믡닎폫헟ꆢ닟싔뾪랢ꆢ닎폫헟ꆢ랽램ꆢ풱릤횪쪶ꆢ샻좨ꆢ듺뮷뺳ꆢ쫐뎡 뫏ퟷ 샭좨ꆢ룱… 믹폚뿆퇐뾪랢뗄탂닺욷럾컱뒴탂 짺닺벼쫵 ퟩ횯뒴탂 춼3?뗂맺뢥샍뛷믴럲킭믡뗄헻쳥뒴탂쒣탍 헢튻쒣탍폐틔쿂쳘뗣ꎺ뗚튻ꎬ훷튪퇐뺿웳튵뒴탂ꎻ뗚헢튻쒣탍뻟폐틔쿂쳘뗣ꎺ뗚튻ꎬ훷튪닢솿뛔쿳쫇웳튵ꎻ뛾ꎬ붫폫뒴탂폐맘뗄룷훖쓚췢틲쯘벯돉뾼싇ꎬ돽쇋뒴탂놾뗚뛾ꎬ췘햹쇋뒴탂쓚몭뫍닢솿뛔쿳ꎬ춬쪱맘힢뒫춳닺튵뗄짭ꎬ뛔뒴탂뗄췢늿뮷뺳튲볓틔뾼싇ꎻ뗚죽ꎬ붫뒴탂랶캧삩뒴탂뫍늻랢듯뗘쟸뗄뒴탂닢솿ꎻ뗚죽ꎬ듓뛠룶뷇뛈살움볛듳ꎬ냼몬쇋럾컱뒴탂뫍ퟩ횯뒴탂ꎻ뗚쯄ꎬ쳡돶쇋뒴탂쓜솦뒴탂믮뚯ꎬ볈냼몬벨킧ꎬ튲폐춶죫닺돶ꎬ늢듓쾵춳뗄뷇뛈뗄룅쓮ꎬ늢죏캪뒴탂쓜솦쫇ퟮ훘튪뗄ꆣ 살움볛ꎻ뗚쯄ꎬퟅ훘폚붻뮥뫍뫏ퟷ쓚죝뗄닢솿ꎬ죧뫏ퟷ퇐랢ꆢ뾪럅탅쾢믱좡뗈랽쏦뗄움맀ꆣ OECD냂쮹슽쫖닡뗄뒴탂닢솿쒣탍 쯦ퟅ뒴탂믮뚯죕쟷믮풾ꎬ뺭뫏ퟩ횯쳡돶쇋쏅뗄뒴탂3 뒴탂움맀랢햹뗄쳘뗣 닢솿쒣탍ꆣ1992쓪뺭뫏ퟩ횯랢늼뒴탂닢솿쫖닡ꆶ냂쮹슽쫖닡ꆷ뗚튻냦ꎬ1997쓪랢늼뗚뛾냦ꎬ2005쓪랢늼뗚죽냦ꆣ쯦듓뒴탂움맀뗄훷튪랢햹샺돌살뾴ꎬ쯦ퟅ뛔뒴탂죏쪶뗄ퟅ뛔뒴탂죏쪶뗄늻뛏짮죫ꎬ헢죽냦뒴탂닢솿쫖닡늻뛏뗷헻짮죫뫍뒴탂샭싛뗄랢햹ꎬ뒴탂움맀돶쿖쇋퇝뇤ꎬퟜ뗄퇝뇤ꏛ9ꏝ뒴탂쓚몭뫍쫊폃랶캧ꆣ뗚튻냦훷튪쫊폃폚훆퓬튵뗄벼쫵닺쟷쫆쫇ꎬ쯦ퟅ뛔뒴탂쟽뚯믺훆뫍틲쯘뗄죏쪶늻뛏짮죫ꎬ()욷뫍릤틕뒴탂TPPꎬ뗚뛾냦삩듳쇋뗷닩뗄닺튵랶캧ꎬ뗚죽뒴탂움맀뗄튪쯘퓚퓶볓ꎬ움맀뗄랶캧뫍뛔쿳훰붥삩듳ꎬ틽냦췘햹쇋뒴탂뗄쓚몭뫍쫊폃랶캧ꆣ 죫뗄샭싛훰붥퓶뛠ꎬ늢탎돉뛠캬붻닦펦폃ꆣ ꏛ4ꏝ뗚죽냦붫뒴탂뗄쓚몭삩듳캪펪쿺뒴탂뫍ퟩ횯뒴탂ꎬ(1)움맀튪쯘퓶볓ꆣ쯦ퟅ뛔뒴탂죏쪶뗄늻뛏짮죫ꎬ뒴탂붫뒴탂닢솿뗄뛔쿳삩듳캪룟벼쫵닺튵ꆢ럾컱튵ꆢ훐뗍벼쫵닺뗄움맀튪쯘훰붥퓶볓ꎬ듓뛔ퟮ돵떥뒿뗄벼쫵움맀삩듳떽맽튵뒴탂ꎬퟅ훘쳡돶쇋뒴탂솪쾵뫍삩즢뗄훘튪탔ꎬ짦벰뒴탂춶돌ꆢ펪쿺ꆢퟩ횯ꆢ컄뮯뗈뛠룶쇬폲ꎬ짦벰뒴탂춶죫ꆢ뒴탂죫뫍쫤죫ꆢ뒴탂솪쾵뫍삩즢ꆢ뒴탂킧맻ꆢ뒴탂벤샸폫헏낭ꆢ솪쾵ꆢ뒴탂킧맻ꆢ뒴탂벤샸ꆢ뒴탂헏낭ꆢ뒴탂삩즢ꆢ뒴탂()쫐뎡탨쟳ꆢ웤쯼죋솦풴뫍램맦뗈벸룶랽쏦ꆣ웤닢솿쒣탍헾닟뗈뛠룶튪쯘ꎬ움맀쒣탍뫍횸뇪쓚죝훰붥뢴퓓뫍엓듳ꆣ 냼삨틔쿂벸룶랽쏦뗄틲쯘ꎺ릫쮾쓚늿뒴탂ꆢ릫쮾춬웤쯼릫쮾(2)움맀랶캧룼볓맣랺ꆣꆶ냂쮹슽쫖닡ꆷ퓚뗚뛾냦틔뫳ꎬ뫍릫릲퇐뺿늿쏅횮볤뗄솪쾵ꆢ릫쮾퓋ퟷ훆뛈뿲볜ꆢ쫐뎡탨쟳ꎬ붫뒴탂움맀훰붥쿲럾컱튵ꆢ뗍벼쫵뗄뒫춳닺튵뒴탂삩햹ꎻ뻟쳥쒣탍죧춼4쯹쪾ꆣ 퓚튻룶ퟩ횯쓚늿ꎬ튲평떥뒿뗄벼쫵뒴탂움맀쿲럾컱뒴탂ꆢ
뿆벼뷸늽폫뛔닟 2010쓪?· 160 · 믹뒡뫍훆뛈뿲볜 놾릫쮾 닺욷뒴탂 맽돌뒴탂 펪쿺뒴탂 ퟩ횯뒴탂 뒴탂헾닟 웤쯼릫쮾 뷌폽뫍릫릲퇐뺿쾵춳 쫐뎡탨쟳 춼4?OECD냂쮹슽쫖닡2005냦뒴탂닢솿쒣탍 펪쿺뒴탂뗈ퟛ뫏탔뒴탂믮뚯뗄움맀랢햹ꆣ 춳뗈살뫢솿뒴탂벨킧ꆣ퓚헢룶맽돌훐ꎬ훰붥틽죫쇋맺볒뒴(3)듓뺲첬움맀ퟟ쿲뚯첬움맀ꆣ20쫀볍80쓪듺틔뫳ꎬ탂쾵춳ꆢ뫋탄뺺헹솦ꆢ뺺헹폅쫆ꆢ쟸폲뺭볃ꆢ횪쪶뺭볃뗈폐맘톧헟뾪쪼힢틢떽뒴탂맽돌뗄훘튪탔ꎬ훰붥뾪쪼틔뒴탂샭싛ꎬ늢탎돉쇋뛠룶샭싛뗄붻닦펦폃ꎬ돉캪늻뛏랢햹뗄쒣맽돌캪믹놾돶랢뗣ꎬ틽죫뒴탂짳볆뗈샭쓮ꎬ뛔뒴탂뗄뛠룶탍뫍움볛횸뇪쳥쾵뗄믹뒡ꆣ 랴삡톭뮷뷸탐좫맽돌움볛ꆣ90쓪듺틔살ꎬ쯦ퟅ뛔뒴탂췢늿닎뾼컄쿗ꎺ 쟽뚯틲쯘뗄죏쪶ꎬ폐맘퇐뺿뛔뛠룶뒴탂맽돌뫍쾵춳횮볤뗄쪵쪱솪쾵룸폨쇋맘힢ꎬ뒴탂움맀쪵볹뾪쪼힢훘뚯첬탔쓚죝ꏛ1ꏝ?컢맳짺.벼쫵뒴탂맜샭ꏛMꏝ.놱뺩ꎺ쟥뮪듳톧돶냦짧ꎬ2000. 움맀ꎬ볓잿쇋뛔뒴탂쳥쾵훐뚯첬붻뮥탔쓚죝뗄움볛ꆣ ꏛ2ꏝ?돂뺢.벼쫵뒴탂짳볆ꎺ샭싛뿲볜폫훐볓뇈뷏ꏛJꏝ.뿆퇐맜샭ꎬ(4)듓룶쳥움맀ퟟ쿲췸싧움맀뫍쾵춳움맀ꆣ퓚뒴탂움맀1997(11)ꎺ21–28. 훐ꎬ훰붥붫움맀뛔쿳럅퓚헻룶짧믡쾵춳훐ꎬ닢솿짧믡뮷뺳ꏛ3ꏝ?늼쇨룱.뻛붹뒴탂ꏛMꏝ.놱뺩ꎺ뿆톧돶냦짧ꎬ2007. 틲쯘폫움맀뛔쿳횮볤뗄뮥쿠펰쿬ꎬ웚췻짧믡뮷뺳틲쯘폫움ꏛ4ꏝ?헅훎뫓ꎬ뗈.뒴탂뗄잰퇘폫닢뛈뿲볜ꏛJꏝ.훐맺죭뿆톧ꎬ2007(3)ꎺ맀뛔쿳횮볤탎돉헽쿲뗄뒴탂톭뮷ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뒴탂췸싧움맀뫍 152–156. 쾵춳움맀돉캪떱잰뗄죈뗣횮튻ꎬ튲쫇떼훂떱잰뒴탂움맀쒣ꏛ5ꏝ?역뺸샯.맺쓚췢벼쫵뒴탂샭싛퇐뺿뗄뷸햹벰웤랢햹쟷쫆ꏛJꏝ.탍뢴퓓뮯뗄훷튪풭틲횮튻ꆣ 뿆벼폫뺭볃ꎬ2006(4)ꎺ13–16. (5)움맀캬뛈돊쿖뛠쿲탔ꆣ듓뒴탂움맀뗄랢햹벰웤쒣탍(퓰죎뇠벭ꎺ룟붨욽) 퇝뇤훐뿉틔뾴떽ꎬ뒴탂움맀훰붥돊쿖뛠캬탔ꎬ듓뾪쪼틔춶죫폫닺돶살뫢솿뒴탂벨킧ꎬ떽틔쪵쿖맽돌ꆢ쓜솦ꆢ쓚췢쾵Development of Innovation Measurement Dang Qianna, Yang Yingge, Wu Lei (Institute of Scientific and Technological Information of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, China) Abstract: Innovation has been the key base of economy and enterprise development. Also, innovation measurement has become a important topic. And there are different models in different development phase of innovation measurement. On the whole, the evolvement trend of innovation measurement is that the measurement factors are increasing, measurement objects are expanding and basic theories intersect. Key Words: Innovation Measurement; Innovation Evaluation; Innovation Model
