南京财经大学硕士学位论文基于新型制造业的区域物流系统研究姓名：李林申请学位级别：硕士专业：企业管理指导教师：李廉水2008-01
햪 튪 쯦ퟅ뺭볃좫쟲뮯쯹듸살뗄닺튵틆뫍닺튵벯뻛ꎬ쟸폲뺭볃틑뺭돉캪뺭볃랢햹뗄튻훖쟷쫆ꎬ뛸폫쟸폲뺭볃쏜쟐쿠맘뗄쿖듺럾컱튵튲돉캪죋쏇맘힢뗄붹뗣ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ컯쇷튵ퟷ캪쿖듺럾컱튵뗄훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ퓚쟸폲뺭볃랢햹훐웰ퟅ훁맘훘튪뗄횧독탔ퟷ폃ꎬ쫇쟸폲뺭볃랢햹퓋탐뗄욽첨ꆣ틲듋ꎬ죧뫎틔쟸폲쓚늿훷떼닺튵캪믹뒡ꎬ릹붨쫊펦쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉캪췆뚯쟸폲뺭볃뿬쯙랢햹뫍닺튵짽벶뗄훘튪틲쯘ꆣ뛸퓚훐맺퇘몣쟸폲ꎬ뺭볃랢햹돊쿖뗤탍뛾죽튻뷡릹ꎬ퓚훆퓬튵돉캪췆뚯쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄훷떼솦솿뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉캪컒맺늿럖쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄뇘좻톡퓱ꆣ헢헽쫇놾컄퇐뺿뗄뫋탄컊쳢ꆣ놾컄틔쾵춳싛뗈캪횸떼쮼쿫ꎬ퓋폃킭춬톧뗈뺭볃맜샭샭싛ꎬ닉좡샭싛퇐뺿폫쪵횤퇐뺿쿠뷡뫏뗄ퟛ뫏퇐뺿랽램ꎬ힢훘싟벭췆퇝폫낸샽럖컶ꆣ 쫗쿈ꎬ놾컄뛔탂탍훆퓬튵뫍쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쓚몭폫쳘헷뷸탐럖컶ꎬ늢퓚뺭볃톧ꆢ짧믡톧ꆢ맜샭톧쫓튰쿂탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳맘솪뛈뗄럖컶믹뒡짏ꎬ닻쫶쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꎻ 웤듎ꎬ틔ꆰ틔죋캪놾ꆢ뗀슷쿈탐ꆢ닺튵쟽뚯ꆢ탅쾢헻뫏ꆢ킭춬뷸뮯ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭캪틀췐ꎬ듓훆퓬웳튵뗄탐캪뇤럖컶죫쫖ꎬ췆떼돶탂탍훆퓬튵쿂쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨탂튪쟳ꎬ늢틔듋캪틀뻝ꎬ듓췸싧늼뻖ꆢ탅쾢욽첨ꆢ웳튵쳥쾵럖닣듎릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꎻ 퓙듎ꎬ퓚뛔뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆풭샭폫쿖ힴ럖컶뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ듓퓋탐뷡릹ꆢ퓋탐뚯솦ꆢ퓋탐킭춬틔벰퓋탐놣헏쯄룶랽쏦좫쏦ꆢ짮죫뗘웊컶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆ꎻ 좻뫳ꎬ틔믽벫랢믓헾뢮뗄틽떼ퟷ폃ꆢ웳튵뗄훷쳥ퟷ폃ꆢ짧믡뗄횧독ퟷ폃캪쒿뗄쳡돶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨뗄쿠맘붨틩ꎻ ퟮ뫳ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦벰컯쇷쳥쾵럖컶캪웰뗣ꎬ좫쏦ꆢ짮죫뗘닻쫶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쳥쾵릹붨뗄뇘좻탔뫍뇘튪탔ꎻ춬쪱ꎬ듓뿆톧늼뻖ꆢ헾닟틽떼ꆢ췸싧놣헏ꆢ웳튵엠폽쯄룶랽쏦뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹퇐뺿ꎬ늢쳡돶웤퓋탐놣헏뗄쿠맘뻙듫ꆣ 맘볼듊ꎺ탂탍훆퓬튵ꎻ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꎻ뷡릹폫릦쓜ꎻ킭춬뷸뮯 I
ABSTRACT With the transferring and assembling of the industry at the background of the economic globalization, the region economy has already become the trend of the development of economics. And the modern service industry, which is closely related with the region economy, also, becomes the topic. The logistics industry, as the important part of the modern service industry, takes part in the propping-up of the region economy. Therefore, how to build up the logistics system suitable for the district of the economic development, on basis of the internal, leading industry, is the important factor of the fast development of the district economics and upgrading of industry. And on the sea district in China, the economy development presents 2-3-1 structure, under circumstances that the manufacturing industry becomes the predominant power of economic development, to build up the regional logistics system based on the New-concept Manufacturing Industry is becoming the inevitable choice. This is the core question in this thesis, which will be researched and discussed. The thesis, with system theory etc. for guide thought, adopted the synthetic research method, which integrated theoretic research and demonstration research, and paid attention to logic deduction and case analysis. First, in flow of the analysis of the content and characteristics of the regional logistics system and the New-concept Manufacturing Industry, we elaborate the science content of the regional logistics system based on the New-concept Manufacturing Industry. Then, on basis of the characteristics of the new Regional logistics system from the change of behavior of the manufacture enterprises, we analyze the principal parts of the regional logistics system based on the New-concept Manufacturing Industry. Also, in accorded with the operation mechanisms of the traditional regional logistics system, we puts forward establishing operation mechanisms of the regional logistics system based on the New-concept Manufacturing Industry. Again, we put forward the suggestion on the development of the regional logistics system based on the New-concept Manufacturing Industry. Finally, on basis of the necessity and inevitability analysis of the Nanjing metropolitan logistics system based on the New-concept Manufacturing Industry, we carry on the substantial evidence research, from four aspects, ‘science layout’, ‘policy leading’, ‘business enterprise grow’,‘ the network guarantee’. II
KEY WORDSꎺThe New-concept Manufacturing Industry; Regional Logistics System; Structure and Function; Synergetic Evolution III
톧캻싛컄뛀뒴탔짹쏷 놾싛컄쫇컒룶죋퓚떼쪦횸떼쿂뷸탐뗄퇐뺿릤ퟷ벰좡뗃뗄퇐뺿돉맻ꆣ싛컄훐돽쇋쳘뇰볓틔뇪힢뫍훂킻뗄뗘랽췢ꎬ늻냼몬웤쯻죋믲웤쯼믺릹틑뺭랢뇭믲킴맽뗄퇐뺿돉맻ꆣ웤쯻춬횾뛔놾퇐뺿뗄웴랢뫍쯹ퟶ뗄릱쿗뻹틑퓚싛컄훐ퟷ쇋쏷좷뗄짹쏷늢뇭쪾쇋킻틢ꆣ ퟷ헟잩쏻ꎺ 죕웚ꎺ 톧캻싛컄쪹폃쫚좨짹쏷 놾죋췪좫쇋뷢쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧폐맘놣쇴ꆢ쪹폃톧캻싛컄뗄맦뚨ꎬ벴ꎺ톧킣폐좨놣쇴쯍붻싛컄뗄뢴펡볾ꎬ퓊탭싛컄놻닩퓄뫍뷨퓄ꎻ톧킣뿉틔릫늼싛컄뗄좫늿믲늿럖쓚죝ꎬ뿉틔닉폃펰펡ꆢ쯵펡믲웤쯼뢴훆쫖뛎놣듦싛컄ꆣ놣쏜뗄싛컄퓚뷢쏜뫳ퟱ쫘듋맦뚨ꆣ ퟷ헟잩쏻ꎺ 떼쪦잩쏻ꎺ 죕웚ꎺ
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗚튻헂 탷싛 컊쳢쳡돶 퇐뺿살풴 놾컄퇐뺿쓚죝살풴폚2006쓪뛈“붭쯕쪡퇐뺿짺엠퇸뒴탂릤돌”횮“붭쯕쪡룟킣퇐뺿짺뿆벼뒴탂볆뮮쿮쒿”ꎬ쿮쒿쏻ꆰ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩쟸폲컯쇷ꆱꎨ쿮쒿뫅ꎺ300300114ꎩꎬ놾죋쫇룃쿮쒿뗄쿮쒿뢺퓰죋ꎻ춬쪱ꎬ룃쿮쒿쫇평놾죋떼쪦샮솮쮮뷌쫚훷돖뗄맺볒ퟔ좻뿆톧믹뷰쿮쒿ꆶ믹폚풴풼쫸폫ퟔ훷뒴탂뗄훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹슷뺶ꆷ뫳탸퇐뺿뗄훘튪돉맻ꆣ 퇐뺿놳뺰 떳뗄쪮쇹뷬컥훐좫믡짳틩춨맽뗄ꆶ훐릲훐퇫맘폚훆뚨맺쏱뺭볃뫍짧믡랢햹뗚쪮튻룶컥쓪맦뮮뗄붨틩ꆷꎬ퓚뺭볃퓶뎤랽쪽ꆢ닺튵뷡릹뗷헻뗈훘튪쓚죝훐ꎬ쟸폲랢햹컊쳢놻럅떽쇋훘튪캻훃ꎬ춬쪱튲쳡돶튪듳솦랢햹컯쇷ꆢ탅쾢럾컱뗈쿖듺럾컱튵ꆣ죧뫎듲웆풭폐뗄탐헾쟸폲럖룮ꎬ붡좫컯쇷쳥쾵붨짨ꎬ뫏샭맦뮮쫊펦쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉캪쟸폲붨짨헟맘힢뗄죈뗣컊쳢ꆣ뛸쟸폲뺭볃쫇틔쟸폲훷떼닺튵캪훷쳥ꎬ쓇쎴ꎬ퓚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨폫랢햹훐뻍늻뗃늻쫗쿈뾼싇쟸폲훷떼닺튵뛔컯쇷럾컱뗄튪쟳ꆣ퓚탂뮷뺳쿂ꎬퟷ캪쿖듺짺닺탔럾컱튵훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖뗄쟸폲컯쇷ꎬ뇘탫붫훷떼닺튵뗄컯쇷탨쟳럅퓚쫗캻ꎬ틲듋ꎬ릹붨볈쓜싺ퟣ훷떼닺튵폖쓜춬쪱싺ퟣ웤쯻닺튵탨쟳뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉캪뇘좻쟷쫆ꆣ 뛸퓚좫쟲뮯뫍쫀뷧닺튵틆뗄샋뎱훐ꎬ훐맺늻뛏돐뷓쫀뷧룷뗘뗄닺튵틆ꎬ뚫쓏퇘몣튻듸틑뺭돉캪쫀뷧탔뗄훆퓬튵훐탄ꆣ훆퓬튵뗄닺튵믽뻛듸살쇋쟸폲뺭볃뗄춻량쏍뷸ꎬ탭뛠뗘쟸뗄닺튵뷡릹돊쿖돶뗤탍뗄뛾죽튻뷡릹ꎬ훆퓬튵퓚쟸폲뺭볃훐뗄ퟷ폃뻙ퟣ쟡훘ꆣ떫쫇ꎬ훐맺훆퓬튵뮹뒦폚랢햹뗄돵벶뷗뛎ꎬ듦퓚ퟅ탭뛠훆풼훆퓬튵랢햹뗄ꆰ욿뺱ꆱꆣ틲듋ꎬퟷ캪릤튵뮯훷쳥뗄훆퓬튵뇘탫ퟟ탂탍뗄랢햹뗀슷ꎬ뇘탫돤럖퓋폃탅쾢뮯쪱듺듸살뗄랢햹믺폶뫍좫쟲뮯뺭볃쳵볾ꎬ듳솦랢햹ꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱꆣퟟꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ뗀슷쫇2l쫀볍훐맺훆퓬튵뗄캩튻톡퓱ꎬ튲쫇훐맺훆퓬튵웰폚쫀뷧뗄훘튪믺폶ꆣ뛸퓚닺튵뷡릹뗷헻뗄춬쪱ꎬퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃훘튪횧독뗄컯쇷닺튵좴늢쎻폐뗃떽놾훊뗄룄뇤ꎬ룷쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄붨짨뚼쫇퓚풭폐믹뒡짏뗄탞헻ꎬ좴뫜짙듓뫪맛짏뿧풽탐헾쟸폲붨솢쫊펦쟸폲훷떼닺튵ꆪꆪ훆퓬튵랢햹뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ놾컄듲웆뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳틔헻룶쟸폲뺭볃ퟷ캪릹붨틀뻝뗄랽쪽ꎬ틔쟸폲훷떼닺튵ꆪꆪ탂탍훆퓬튵뗄컯쇷탨쟳캪틀뻝ꎬ춬쪱뾼싇웤폠닺튵뛔컯쇷럾컱 1
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗄쿖쪵튪쟳ꎬ뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿ꆣ 퇐뺿틢틥 ꆰ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆱ쳡돶ꎬ뻶늻쫇쳚뿕뛸돶ꎬ뛸쫇쓚췢늿뮷뺳뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹튪쟳틔벰뷢뻶쒿잰맺쓚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨훐듦퓚훮뛠컊쳢뗄뇘좻닺컯ꆣ뛸놾컄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿볈쫇헫뛔맺쓚쒿잰뗄뺭볃랢햹쳘헷ꆪꆪ뫍킳랢햹뫍쟸폲랢햹훷떼닺튵ꆪꆪ훆퓬튵탨튪햹뾪뗄퇐뺿ꎬ튲쫇뛔쟸폲뺭볃킭뗷랢햹춨뗀뗄췘햹퇐뺿ꆣ 헢쿮퇐뺿뻟폐틔쿂뻟쳥틢틥ꎺ 뗚튻ꎬퟷ캪“믹폚풴풼쫸폫ퟔ훷뒴탂뗄훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹슷뺶”헢튻뿎쳢뫳탸퇐뺿뗄훘튪쓚죝ꎬ놾컄뷸탐뷏캪짮죫뗄뿧탐튵퇐뺿뫍첽쳖ꎬ붫뷸튻늽췘햹ꆰ훆퓬튵랢햹슷뺶퇐뺿ꆱ뗄쮼슷ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ떱잰컒맺뻟놸ꆰ쟸폲쳘즫ꆱ뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨랽탋캴났ꎬ벱탨샭싛뗄횧돖뫍쪵볹뗄뷨본ꆣ놾컄헫뛔믹폚ꆰ쟸폲쳘즫ꆱ뗄쟸폲컯쇷퇐뺿샭싛쳥쾵뗄좱랦ꎬ퓚ퟜ뷡맺쓚췢쟸폲컯쇷샭싛퇐뺿뺭퇩뫍뷡맻뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿ꎬ뾪뇙쇋쟸폲컯쇷퇐뺿뗄탂쇬폲ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ퓚쪵볹훐ꎬ맺쓚 ꆰ쟸폲ꆱ뚼퓚룣쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳맦뮮뫍붨짨ꎬ좴뫜짙폐쟸폲헾뢮돉솢쏅뗄뿧뗘쟸솪뫏볒킡ퟩ헦헽춨맽ꆰ뇦쪶ꆱ쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄쟽뚯뫍ퟨ낭틲쯘폫ꆰ쇋뷢ꆱ쟸폲뗄탂뗄컯쇷뮷뺳ꎬ살쳡돶캴살쟸폲컯쇷슷뺶랢햹퇐뺿뗄싛쳢ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾컄ꎬ맘폚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿ꎬ컞틉붫믡뛔틔훆퓬튵캪훷떼닺튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄햽싔맦뮮폫붨짨웰떽쿖쪵횸떼ퟷ폃ꆣ 쿠맘컄쿗쇏ퟛ쫶 냩쯦쟸폲뺭볃뫍쟸폲컯쇷뗄랢햹ꎬ맺쓚췢톧헟틑뺭뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뷸탐쇋듳솿뢻폐돉맻뗄퇐뺿ꎬ퇐뺿쓚죝훷튪벯훐폚틔쿂벸랽쏦ꎺ튻쫇퇐뺿헾뢮뗄뷇즫ꆢ헾닟ퟷ폃뗈컊쳢ꎻ뛾쫇퇐뺿펰쿬쳘뚨쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄틲쯘ꆢ펰쿬믺훆뫍랢햹햽싔컊쳢ꎻ죽쫇퇐뺿쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄맦뮮ꆢ움볛ꆢ폅뮯컊쳢ꎻ쯄쫇퇐뺿뺭볃좫쟲뮯폫쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯쿂ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄탅쾢뮯컊쳢ꎻ컥쫇퇐뺿쟸폲컯쇷랢햹폫뺭볃랢햹ꆢ닺튵랢햹뗄쿠뮥맘쾵컊쳢ꆣ 1.쟸폲헾뢮뷇즫ꆢ헾닟ퟷ폃뗈랽쏦뗄퇐뺿 1Kanteꎨr1995ꎩ죏캪헾뢮놣돖떱뗘뿘훆좨뗄ퟮ뫃랽쪽뻍쫇믽벫닎폫좫쟲뺺헹ꎬ듓뛸듯떽쳡룟떱뗘폫좫쟲뺭볃솪쾵뗄쓜솦ꆣ얷쏋퓧퓚1999쓪뗄ꆶ얷훞뿕볤랢햹잰뺰맦뮮ꆷ훐잿뗷쿠쇚룷맺뗄붻춨퓋쫤짨쪩펦훘쫓킭뗷ꎬ뿉틔쿠쇚룛뿚릲폃쳺슷 1놾늿럖쓚죝훷튪살ퟔꎺ탬쟠쟠ꎮ쿖듺쟸폲킭춬컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿[D]ꎮ쳬뷲ꎺ쳬뷲듳톧ꎬ2003(12)ꎺ33-36ꎮ 2
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쿟ꆢ춬튻믺뎡뿧풽맺뷧뛔웤훜뇟뢹뗘햹뾪럾컱뗈뗈ꆣ Panos Kouvelis 뫍 Meir ꎨ2002ꎩꎬ듓뫪맛컯쇷랢햹훐헾뢮돐떣뗄뷇즫뫍킧폃뷇뛈퇐뺿쇋좫쟲뮯릩펦솴맜샭훐짨쪩죚ꆢ붻춨틔벰뗘쟸붻틗맦퓲ꆢ램싉훐뗄헾뢮늹쳹뗈좫쟲짺닺뫍엤쯍췸싧훷튪틲쯘뗄킧폃ꆣ Tage Skjott-LarsenꎬUlf PaulssonꎬSten Wandelꎨ2003ꎩꎬ럖컶1994쓪떤싳헾뢮뫍죰뗤헾뢮뗄릲춬뻶닟붨솢뗄Oresund 듳쟅ꎬ뛔폚룄짆뗘쟸믹뒡짨쪩ꎬ복죵솽룶맺볒늻춬컄뮯뫍솢램뛔뗘쟸뗄늻샻펰쿬ꎬ듙뷸룃뗘쟸듲웆헏낭ꆢ랢믓잱쓜ꎬ돉캪컯쇷쇬쿈쟸폲ꎨ훐탄ꎩ틔벰뗘쟸뺭볃듸뗄랢햹쯹닺짺뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ Perry .ꎨ2003ꎩ럖컶쇋퇇쳘삼듳쫐쫇죧뫎춨맽붨짨쏅ퟩ횯ꎨLogistics Task Forceꎩ,뷸탐돇쫐컯쇷붨짨맦뮮ꎬ맘힢돇쫐붻춨ꆢ컯쇷뷚뗣뫍룟쯙릫슷붨짨뗈ꎬ틔듙뷸쟸폲컯쇷랢햹ꆣ Markus Hesse(2004)헫뛔냘쇖늼삼뗇놤쟸폲뗄뺭볃랢햹뇤뮯뛸돶쿖뗄붻춨믵퓋뗈컯쇷컊쳢ꎬ쳡돶춨맽헾닟뫍볆뮮살뷸탐햽싔탔뗄뗷헻ꎬ춬쪱튲쳖싛쇋쟸폲컯쇷햽싔뗄튻냣뻖쿞탔ꎬ틔벰쟸폲컯쇷볆뮮헾닟쪵쪩뗄뿉쓜뷡맻ꆣ 맺쓚톧헟뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿훐ꎬ튻냣붫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳헾닟랽쏦ퟷ캪쟸폲컯23쇷쾵춳폅뮯뗄붨틩살쳡돶ꆣ죧헅컄뷜ꎨ2002ꎩꎬ뮪죯ꎨ2004ꎩꎬ샮쾣돉ꎨ2006ꎩ4뗈뚼퓚웤퇐뺿훐횸돶ꎬ튪틔헾뢮캪훷떼ꎬ볓듳뛔컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩뗄붨짨ꎻ췆뚯뗚죽랽컯쇷뗄랢햹ꎬ캪쟸폲컯쇷랢햹쳡릩솼뫃뗄헾닟뮷뺳ꎬ틔쟸폲뺭볃맦쒣뗄삩듳듸뚯쟸폲컯쇷뗄랢햹ꆣ 5맺쫀탱ꎨ2006ꎩ퓚뛔쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃킭춬랢햹퇐뺿훐횸돶ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷뗄랢햹탨튪헾뢮뛔쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷췸싧쳥쾵뷸탐춳튻맦뮮ꎬ틔헾뢮캪훷떼붨솢쟸폲컯쇷헾닟욽첨뫍탅쾢욽첨ꎬ춬쪱튪볓듳컯쇷죋닅뗄엠퇸ꆣ 듓짏쫶뛔뇈럖컶뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ맺췢톧헟뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳헾뢮뫍헾닟뗄퇐뺿듳뚼벯훐폚헾뢮뛔쟸폲쓚늿릩펦솴랢햹뗄펰쿬ꎬ믲뛔쿠뛔뻟쳥뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쒳튻뮷뷡뗄뗄췆뚯믲펰쿬ꎻ뛸맺쓚톧헟뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹훐헾뢮탐캪뫍헾닟폅뮯뗄맛뗣뛠벯훐폫뛔헻룶쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄펰쿬ꎬ쿠뛔맺췢톧헟퇐뺿룼볓뫪맛ꆣ 2.펰쿬틲쯘ꆢ펰쿬믺훆뫍랢햹햽싔컊쳢뗄퇐뺿 Perry A. Trunickꎨ1999ꎩ럖컶쇋쏀맺뛭몥뛭훝샺뺭4쓪ꆣ춨맽럇헽쪽뗄볒믡틩ꎬ붨솢뚫놱뛭몥뛭컯쇷췸싧ꎨ냼삨돐퓋죋ꆢ췐퓋죋뫍릫릲늿쏅ꆢퟩ횯ꎩꎬ듙6789101112뷸뗘쟸컯쇷닺튵헻쳥랢햹뗄뺭퇩ꆣ 2헅컄뷜ꎮ쟸폲뺭볃랢햹폫쿖듺컯쇷[J]ꎮ훐맺쇷춨뺭볃ꎬ2002(1)ꎺ81-85ꎮ 3뮪죯ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄맘쾵[J]ꎮ컯쇷뿆벼ꎬ2004(9)ꎺ66-68ꎮ 4샮쾣돉ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄맘쾵퇐뺿폫붨쒣[D]ꎮ훘쟬ꎺ훘쟬듳톧ꎬꎮ 5맺쫀탱ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃킭춬랢햹퇐뺿[D]ꎮ쓏뺩ꎺ뫓몣듳톧ꎬꎮ 6 Marc Goetschalckx,Carlos ,Koray Dogan. Modeling and Design of Global Logistics Systems: A Review 3
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 Jay Sankaran(2000)죏캪ꎬ퓚튻룶뺭볃쟸폲쓚ꎬ췐퓋죋뗄컯쇷탐캪쫜떽뛠훖틲쯘뗄펰쿬ꎬ죧붻춨맦퓲ꆣ쯻쏨쫶쇋탂컷삼랶캧쓚폐맘틲쯘틔벰웤뛔컯쇷믮뚯뗄펰쿬ꎬ쳖싛쇋웤뺳쓚룷훖믵퓋쒣탍뗈ꎻ춬쪱ꎬ퇐뺿쇋탂컷삼뗄뛔췢쎳틗쯹짦벰뗄맺볊몽퓋뫍뿕퓋ꎬ뷸뛸좷뚨쇋퓚탂컷삼펰쿬췐퓋죋믵퓋탐캪뗄죽샠틲쯘ꎨ뷡릹틲쯘ꆢ램맦틲쯘뫍랢햹틲쯘ꎩꆣ Mark Goh뫍Argus Ang(2000)믘맋쇋펡뛈횧쓇냫떺퓚맽좥쪮쓪샯쯹뺭샺뗄뻞듳뗄랢햹뻍쫇틀췐폚폐킧뗄컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩뗄ꎬ좻뫳뷩짜쇋펡뛈횧쓇냫떺뗄춨맘쫖탸뫍볲슪뗄컯쇏냡퓋짨쪩ꎬ퓚듋믹뒡짏ꎬ쳡돶뷸죫룃탂탋쫐뎡뗄햽싔탔붨틩ꆣ Melendez O.ꎬMaria Fernandaꎬ(2001)퇐뺿컯쇷뫍붻춨믹뒡짨쪩붨짨뛔훆뚨쟸폲ퟛ뫏볆뮮뗄짮뿌펰쿬ꆣ평폚컯쇷뫍붻춨믹뒡짨쪩뗄춳튻맦뮮ꎬ얷훞룷맺ퟩ붨얷쏋놻죏캪쫇뿉탐닅돉릦뗄ꎬ뛸삭뚡쏀훞뻍늻쫇헢훖쟩뿶ꆣ쯤좻뛠쓪살폐뫜뛠쟸폲탔뗄킭틩ꎬ떫평폚좱랦쟸폲탔뗄컯쇷뫍퓋쫤췸싧ꎬ틲듋쯻쏇뗄헻뫏횻쫇좡뗃쇋늿럖돉릦ꆣ Gandlur,Karthik Satyanarayana, (2002)쳡돶쇋릫릲컯쇷췸싧뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋ퟷ킧싊뗄펰쿬뫍ퟷ폃ꎬ훷헅붫릫릲컯쇷췸싧ퟷ캪쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄믹뒡짨쪩살뷸탐붨짨ꆣ Tage Skjott-Larsen,Sten Wandel 뫍Ulf Paulsson(2003)솪뫏뷸탐쇋얷샗즣뗂ꎨOresundꎩ쓜럱돉캪쮹뾰뗄쓉캬퇇뗘쟸쫗쟼튻횸뗄컯쇷훐탄뗄퇐뺿ꆣ쒿뗄쫇춨맽뇦쪶얷샗즣뗂뗘쟸돉탂뗄컯쇷훐탄뗄쟽뚯뫍ퟨ낭틲쯘ꎬ쇋뷢룃뗘쟸뗄탂뗄컯쇷뮷뺳ꎬ늢쳡돶캴살퇐뺿뗄싛쳢ꆣ쯻쏇붨솢쇋튻룶뷡뫏쯄룶늻춬쇬폲뗄탂뗄샭싛뿲볜ꎬ늢퓚헢쯄룶쇬폲쓚뷸탐쇋47뎡룶죋럃첸ꆣ뷡싛횮튻쫇ꎺ쟸폲쮼쿫ꆢ얷샗즣뗂쟸폲뗄캻훃ꆢ믹뒡짨쪩뗄훘튪탔ꆢ컯쇷뺺헹솦뫍췢늿틲쯘쫇훷튪펰쿬틲쯘ꆣ 뛸맺쓚톧헟ꎬ맰쫙욽ꎨ2003ꎩꆢ훬잿ꎨ2004ꎩꆢ맜컀뮪ꎨ2004ꎩ뗈ꎬ뚼닉폃쾵춳뚯솦톧뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨쒣ꎬ살럖컶쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뷡릹쒣탍ꆢ쓚늿룷틲쯘 of Integrated Strategic and Tactical Models and Design Algorithms[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2002,143:1-18. 7 Lilian L. Barros, Michael Riley, David Brown. Special Millennium Issue of the EJOR: A Global View of Industrial Logistics[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2001,129:231-234. 8 W. Lemoine and Lars Strategies and Business Oganization of a Network of Logistics Service Providers[J],International Journal of Physical Distribution& Logistics Management, 2003,23:209-228. 9 Carlos J. Vidal, Marc Goetschaltckx, Modeling the Effect of Uncertainties on Global Logistics Systems[J].Journal of Business Logistics, 2000,21:95-126. 10 Jyh-Shen Chiou, Lei-Yu Wu, Jason C. Hsu. The Adoption of Form Postponement Strategy in a Global Logistics System: The Case of Taiwanese Information Technology Industry[J]. Journal of Business Logistics, 2002,23:107-124. 11 Ana Maria Sarmiento, Rakesh Nagi, A Review of Integrated Analysis of Production Distribution Systems[J].IIE Transactions 1999,31:1061-1074. 12 Walid A. Abu-Dayyeh, Marwan A. Al-Momani, Hassen A. Muttlak. ExactBahadur Slope for Combining Independent Tests for Normal and Logistic Distributions[J]. Applied Mathematics and Computation,2003,135:345–360. 4
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 횮볤뗄틲맻맘쾵ꎬ뷸뛸뷨훺럂헦벼쫵ꎬ뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뷡릹ꆢ릦쓜뫍탐캪횮볤뗄뚯첬맘쾵뷸탐뚨솿럖컶ꆣ 췵폱뻽ꎨ2003ꎩ폃늩?싛퇐뺿쟸폲컯쇷쫐뎡ꎻ첷쟥쏀ꎨ2004ꎩ닉폃뺭볃톧훐떯탔룅쓮퇐뺿쟸폲컯쇷춶컊쳢ꎻ뮪죯ꎨ2004ꎩ럖컶쇋쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄맘솪뗈뗈ꆣ헻쳥뛸퇔ꎬ듋닣쏦뗄퇐뺿쯹톡폃뗄맘솪벰뚨솿횸뇪뛠캪뫪맛닣쏦ꎬ 죧짧믡ퟜ닺횵ꆢ뿆벼춶죫ꆢ죋풱쯘훊ꆢ닙ퟷ쮮욽ꆢ웳튵쫕죫ꆢ컯쇷닺횵뗈뗈ꎨ 맜컀뮪ꎬ2004ꎬ쾵춳뚯솦톧ꎩꆣ ퟛ짏쯹쫶ꎬ맺췢톧헟뛔폚쟸폲컯쇷펰쿬틲쯘ꆢ펰쿬믺훆뫍랢햹햽싔컊쳢뛠캪뚨탔뫍뚨솿쿠뷡뫏뗄랽램ꎬ컒맺톧헟뛔쟸폲컯쇷펰쿬틲쯘뗈뗄쏅퇐뺿듳뛠닉폃쒣탍퇐뺿랽램ꆣ퓚펰쿬믺훆뫍랢햹햽싔뗈랽쏦퇐뺿쿠뛔늻ퟣꎬ쏅탔싛쫶짐늻뛠볻ꎬ뛠쫽톧헟뚼붫웤랢햹햽싔ퟷ캪ퟮ훕헾닟붨틩탔쏨쫶뷸탐쳡돶ꆣ 3.컯쇷쾵춳뗄맦뮮ꆢ움볛ꆢ폅뮯컊쳢 13Benita-Beamon (1999)듓컯쇷쾵춳뗄햽싔쒿뇪돶랢ꎬ쳡돶쇋믹폚풴(Resources)ꆢ닺돶( Output)ꆢ탅쾢(Information)ꆢ죡탔(Flexibility)뗄벨킧움맀뿲볜ꆣBecky (2001)틔쿣룛캪샽ꎬ럖컶쇋맺볊ꆢ맺쓚틔벰뗘쟸틲쯘폫룛뿚탎돉뫍랢햹뗄쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꎬ룛뿚쓚슽뢹뗘ꎬ돵늽첽쳖쇋쳺슷믵퓋랢햹돉캪믵퓋훐탄뗄쳵볾뫍럖늼쟩뿶ꆣTim Schwanen(2003)듓쟸폲뿆톧뗄뷇뛈ꎬ럖컶쇋퓋쫤맦뮮ꆢ컯쇷틔벰뿕볤늼뻖뗄컊쳢ꆣNevem working groupꎨ2002ꎩ뗈죏캪퓚뷸탐컯쇷벨킧움볛쪱훷튪뾼싇쯍믵쪱볤ꆢ쯍믵뿉뾿탔ꆢ쯍믵쇩믮탔ꆢ뿢듦쮮욽쯄룶횸뇪ꆣꎨ2003ꎩ뷌쫚쳡돶뗄ꆰ좫랽캻벨킧뾴냥ꆱꎬ붫컯쇷웳튵벨킧움볛횸뇪쳥쾵럖캪4룶랽쏦:ꋙ쓚늿벨킧ꎻꋚ럾컱싺틢뛈ꎻꋛ닆컱펯샻ꎻꋜ랢햹잱솦ꆣ웤훐ꎬ쎿룶랽쏦폖폐죴룉뛾벶횸뇪ꎬ닆컱펯샻뗄쎿룶뛾벶횸뇪폖냼몬죴룉죽벶횸뇪ꆣ헢웤쪵튲쫇튻훖뇪룋맜샭뗄쮼슷ꆣCarlo Rafeleꎨ2004ꎩ춨맽뛔PZB쒣탍뗄삩햹ꎬ붫컯쇷럾컱벨킧움맀폫햽싔뷡뫏뷸탐뾼싇ꆣ Parasuramanꎨ2004ꎩ쳡돶뿉틔듓틔쿂컥룶튻벶횸뇪돶랢뷸탐컯쇷벨킧움맀:쪵쳥틲쯘(Tangibles)ꎬ뻟쳥냼삨믺릹ꆢ짨놸ꆢ죋풱뫍죋풱붻쇷ꎻ뿉뾿탔(Reliability)ꎬ벴뿉뛀솢ힼ좷뗄췪돉쯹돐억럾컱뗄쓜솦ꎻ쿬펦쯙뛈(Responsiveness)ꎬ풸틢냯훺뿍뮧늢쳡릩벴쪱럾컱ꎻ럾컱첬뛈(Assurance)ꎬ풱릤퓚쿲뿍뮧뒫뗝탅죎폫ퟔ탅쪱쯹뇭쿖돶뗄횪쪶닣듎폫샱쎲몭퇸ꎬ틔벰쯻쏇뗄쓜솦ꎻ뿍뮧맘힢뛈(Empathy)ꎬ릫쮾쳡릩룸맋뿍뗄맘탄폫맘힢돌뛈ꆣ헢킩톧헟퓚톡좡움볛횸뇪쪱떥뒿뾼싇쇋컯쇷럾컱훊솿ꎬ쟡쫓쇋컯쇷뺭볃돉놾ꆣCarlo Rafeleꎨ2004ꎩ춨맽뛔PZB쒣탍뗄삩햹ꎬ붫컯쇷쾵춳럾컱벨킧움맀폫햽싔뷡뫏뷸탐뾼싇ꆣ 13놾늿럖췢컄컄쿗ퟛ쫶쓚죝훷튪살ퟔꎺ탬쟠쟠ꆢ솢탂ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷랢햹벰퇐뺿ퟛ쫶ꏛJꏝꎮ컯쇷벼쫵ꎬ2006(4)ꎺ33-36ꎮ 5
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 듓맺쓚톧헟살뾴ꎬ컯쇷쾵춳맦뮮뗄퇐뺿ꆣ뚨탔닣쏦짏쫇헫뛔맦뮮쒿뇪ꆢ횸떼쮼쿫ꆢ풭퓲ꆢ랽램ꆢ쓚죝ꆢ뷡싛뗈뷸탐뗄돌탲탔퇐뺿ꆣ샽죧ꎬ퇮뚫풮ꎨ2001ꎩ쳡돶쇋훐탄돇쫐쿖듺컯쇷쾵춳맦뮮뗄뿲볜ꎬ늢횸돶쇋퓚쪵볊맦뮮맽돌훐죴룉벱탨뷢뻶뗄컊쳢ꆣ 뚨솿닣쏦퓲쫇퓚잰헟믹뒡짏ꎬ 샻폃룷훖뚨솿릤뻟뷸탐퇐뺿ꆣ샽죧뛠벶쒣뫽움볛랽램ꎨ2003ꎩꆢ쫐뎡쾸럖램ꎨ2004ꎩ뗈뚨솿릤뻟뗄펦폃ꆣ쿖뷗뛎ꎬ 솽헟뷡뫏쫇뎣볻뗄퇐뺿쮼슷ꆣ 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폅뮯퇐뺿ꆣ뛠닉폃맜샭뿆톧훐뗄뛠훖폅뮯릤뻟ꆣ샽죧ꎬ십잫뷜ꎨ2000ꎩꎬ컢볡ꎨ2004ꎩ뗈틔얩튵짺닺캪퇐뺿뛔쿳ꎬ 붨솢믬뫏헻쫽맦뮮쒣탍ꎬ 뛔ퟮ폅닺욷ퟩ뫏ꆢ퓋쫤컊쳢ꆢ닖뿢톡횷폫뚨죝ꎬ뷸탐헻쳥폅뮯퇐뺿ꆣ 맰쫙욽ꎨ2002ꎩ죏캪ꎬ쾵춳뚯첬톧쫇퇐뺿쟸폲컯쇷컊쳢뗄뿉탐뫍폐킧뗄랽램ꎬ쳘뇰쫇퓚쾵춳뷡릹뢴퓓ꆢ샺쪷쫽뻝짙뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ붨솢쾵춳뚯첬톧쒣탍뿉틔쇋뷢쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿뷡릹뫍뚯첬탐캪쳘헷ꎬ짮뮯뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳놾훊뗄죏쪶ꎬ늢뿉틔샻폃쯼살뷸탐헾닟쒣쓢뫍틲쯘쇩쏴탔럖컶ꎬ뻟폐웤쯻랽램쓑틔쳦듺뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹ퟛ뫏움볛퇐뺿ꆣ믹놾닉폃뗄쫇뚨솿움볛릤뻟ꎬ 뷡뫏쯹뒦뺭볃쟸폲틔벰컯쇷쾵춳뗄쳘헷뷸탐ꆣ샽죧샮폱쏱ꎨ2004ꎩꎬ틔훷돉럖럖컶뷸탐횸뇪톡퓱ꆢ틔SWOT 럖컶뻟쳥폅쇓쫆ꆢ믺폶췾킲뗈틲쯘ꎬ평듋붨솢움볛랽쪽ꆣ 뫪맛맜샭펦랴펳훚뛠캢맛컯쇷ퟷ튵ꆢ웳튵컯쇷뗄탨튪ꆣ틲듋ꎬ캢맛——뫪맛쿎뷓횧돖쿂쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳맜샭퇐뺿쫇탨튪뗄ꆣ뛸쒿잰ꎬ컞싛쫇뛠벶쒣뫽움볛ꆢ쫐뎡쾸럖뗈랽램횧돖쿂뗄컯쇷쾵춳맦뮮퇐뺿ꎬ뮹쫇믬뫏헻쫽맦뮮쒣탍횧돖쿂뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폅뮯퇐뺿ꎬ뮹쫇훷돉럖럖컶뗈움볛랽램횧돖쿂뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹움볛퇐뺿ꎬ뚼쓑틔싺ퟣ헢훖캢맛——뫪맛쿎뷓뗄탨튪ꆣ췵폂뗈죋퓚2003쓪듓돉놾ꆢ킧싊ꆢ럧쿕뫍뿍뮧맜샭쯄룶랽쏦붨솢쇋컯쇷벨킧움볛횸뇪쳥쾵 듓맺쓚췢뛔뇈뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ컒맺톧헟맘폚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳맦뮮ꆢ움볛ꆢ폅뮯컊쳢뗄퇐뺿튪싔췭폚맺췢톧헟ꎬ웤풭틲폫컒맺쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뫍쟸폲컯쇷랢햹쿠뛔맺췢동뮺폐맘ꆣ듓퇐뺿쓚죝짏뾴ꎬ맺쓚췢톧헟퇐뺿쓚죝뫍퇐뺿랽램뚼폐쯹쿠쿱ꎬ떫듓쪱볤쿈뫳살뾴ꎬ컒맺톧헟퇐뺿랽램쿲맺췢뷨본뇈뷏뛠ꎬ떫튲폐늻짙톧헟쳡돶ퟔ벺뗄퇐뺿랽램ꆣ 4.쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳탅쾢뮯뗄퇐뺿 맺췢평폚쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ웤쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢쾵춳붨짨튻횱뒦폚쇬쿈ꆣ퓧퓚짏쫀볍80쓪듺ꎬ컷랽랢듯맺볒뻍틑뺭듓쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢헻뫏뗄뷇뛈살뷸탐쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢뮯뗄퇐뺿ꆣ붫쟸폲랶캧뗄컯쇷웳튵뫍컯쇷쾵춳뛔풴훘탂헻뫏ꎬ랢햹돉캪쟸폲컯쇷욽첨ꆣ맺췢톧헟뛔쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢뮯뗄벼쫵횧독틔벰쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄맦 6
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 1415뮮짨볆퇐뺿틑뺭쿠뛔돉쫬ꆣ 맺췢쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢쾵춳퇐뺿훷튪럖캪틔쿂솽룶랽쏦ꎬ튻쫇뛔쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢쾵춳뫍탅쾢욽첨헻쳥맦뮮ꎬ훆뚨탅쾢쾵춳뎤웚랢햹햽싔ꎻ뛾쫇뛔쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷퓋웰뻟쳥ퟷ폃뗄뻖늿컯쇷탅쾢쒣뿩뗄퇐뺿ꎬ훷튪쳥쿖퓚뎵솾뗷뛈뫍풴엤훃랽쏦16ꆣ 듓2001쓪뾪쪼ꎬ훐맺뗄컯쇷볒톧헟뾪쪼맘힢늢퇐뺿쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳탅쾢뮯뗄컊쳢ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢뮯퇐뺿컄쿗뾪쪼쏷쿔돊짏짽쟷쫆ꆣ돂ꎨ2002ꎩ뛔뷼쓪살컯쇷튵쿲탅쾢뮯랢햹뗄쟷쫆ퟷ쇋닻쫶폫럖컶ꎬ퓚듋믹뒡짏ꎬ횸돶쇋컒맺컯쇷탅쾢뮯랢햹폫맺볊쿈뷸쮮욽퓚닙ퟷ뫍샭쓮짏듦퓚뷏듳뗄닮뻠ꎬ쮵쏷쇋컒맺쒿잰퓚탅쾢뮯짨쪩랢햹쮮욽ꆢ폫뗧ퟓ짌컱뗄뷡뫏틔벰탅쾢욽첨뗄붨짨뗈랽쏦뗄컊쳢ꎬ늢뻍뷱뫳뗄랢햹랽쿲뫍컊쳢뗄뷢뻶쳡돶쇋붨틩ꆣ떫룃컄쿗뛔듙뷸컯쇷탅쾢뮯랢햹뗄듫쪩뗄싛쫶쿠뛔볲떥ꎬ좱랦쪵볊뗄뿉닙ퟷ탔ꆣ 믆컄돉ꎨ2004ꎩ죏캪컒맺컯쇷탅쾢뮯짐뒦퓚웰늽뷗뛎ꎬ닮뻠뮹뫜쏷쿔ꎬ헢쫆뇘믡펰쿬떽뛔뿍뮧뗄럾컱쮮욽ꆣ본폚쒿잰컒맺컯쇷탅쾢뮯뗄탨쟳죔틔믹뒡탅쾢뮯캪훷ꎬ쯹틔컒맺컯쇷탅쾢뮯붨짨뇘탫틔뿍뮧탨쟳캪훐탄ꎬ힢훘쪵킧ꎬퟟ톭탲붥뷸뗄탅쾢뮯횮슷ꆣ 뚭샗ꎨ2005ꎩ닻쫶쇋컒맺컯쇷탅쾢뮯랢햹뗄믹놾쿖ힴꎬ럖컶쇋쿖뷗뛎컒맺컯쇷탅쾢뮯붨짨훐듦퓚뗄컊쳢ꎬ헫뛔탔뗘쳡돶쇋뷢뻶컊쳢뗄믹놾춾뺶ꆣ 컒맺쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢쾵춳랢햹쿠뛔뮺싽ꎬ맺쓚톧헟폫맺췢쿠뇈뮹듦퓚뷏듳닮뻠ꎬ쿖뷗뛎컒맺톧헟뛔쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢쾵춳퇐뺿듳뛠죔춣쇴퓚뛔쿖폐컯쇷탅쾢쾵춳듦퓚컊쳢뫍폅뮯붨틩랽쏦ꎬ헦헽좫쏦쾵춳뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢쾵춳맦뮮짐늻뛠볻ꎬ헢뫍컒맺쟸폲뺭볃뫍쟸폲컯쇷랢햹쿠뛔실뫳늻컞맘쾵ꆣ 5.폫뺭볃ꆢ닺튵랢햹쿠뮥맘쾵컊쳢뗄퇐뺿 20쫀볍50쓪듺틔뫳,냩쯦ퟅ듳맦쒣쟸폲뺭볃뾪랢뗄탋웰ꎬ컷랽쟸폲뿆톧뫍퓋쫤뺭볃톧뾪쪼훘쫓컯쇷쾵춳뗄쟸폲뺭볃킧틦ꎬ늢붫컯쇷쾵춳뗄붨짨폫쟸폲뾪랢솪1718192021쾵웰살ꎬ컯쇷쾵춳뗄짧믡킧틦훰붥쫜떽훘쫓ꆣ 14 David J. 14loombery, Joe B. Hanna. The Management of Integrated Logistics: Apacific Rim Perspective[D]. Upper Saddle River, .: Printice Hall, 1997. 15 Buchetel Christian, Jayaram Jayanth. Supply Chain Management: A Strategic Perspective[J]. International journal of production economics, ,1997, 8:15-34. 16 E. Taniguchi, M. Noritake, etc. Optimal size and location planning of public logistics terminals[J].Transportation Research Part E, 1999, 35 :207-222. 17 in Logistics[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2003,144:126-129. 18 Tage Skjott-Larsen, Ulf Paulsson, Sten Wandel. Logistics in the Oresund Region after the Bridge[J].European Journal of Operational Research ,2003,144:247-256. 19 P. Pontrandolfo & O. G. Okogbaa. Global manufacturing: A Review and a Framework for Planning in a Global Corporation[J]. INT. J. Res.,1999,37:1-19. 20 Marc Goetschalckx, Carlos , Koray Dogan. Modeling and Design of Global Logistics Systems: A Review 7
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 Talley Wayne(1996)붨솢쇋쟸폲붻춨믹뒡짨쪩춶폫쟸폲뺭볃짺닺뗄맘쾵쒣탍ꆣ쯻죏캪솽헟횮볤맘쾵쿠떱뢴퓓ꎬ퓋폃룃쒣탍뿉틔퇐뺿쟸폲붻춨믹뒡짨쪩춶쯹닺짺뗄뿕볤뿉듯탔뫍럾컱훊솿뛔쟸폲뺭볃짺닺뫍퓋쫤럾컱뗄펰쿬ꆣ Christopherꎨ1998ꎩ뗈뗄릩펦솴맜샭맛쓮뗈샭싛ꎬ붨솢뛠닣 OECD쒣탍ꎬ 럖컶뗘쟸탔컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩뛔뺭볃쟸폲뗄랢햹ퟷ폃ꆣ Donald (1999)뗈싛쫶쇋뺭볃좫쟲뮯ꆢ쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯폫좫쟲릩펦솴ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷튵뗄랢햹맘쾵ꆣ Taniguchieralꎨ2000ꎩ듓돇쫐닣쏦퇐뺿돇쫐붻춨췸싧뗄짨훃컊쳢ꎬ샻폃붻춨럂헦뚯솦톧쒣탍ꎬ뚨솿퇐뺿뺭볃퓶뎤ꆢ퓋쫤탨쟳ꎬ틔벰뗀슷펵벷뫍뮷뺳컛좾뗄쿠뮥맘솪ꆣ 춬쪱ꎬ맺볊짏뛔쟸폲컯쇷퇐뺿맽돌훐ꎬ늻뛏볓잿맘힢쟸폲뿉돖탸랢햹컊쳢ꎬ벴늻뷶훘쫓쟸폲컯쇷쳥쾵붨짨ꎬ뛸쟒맘힢쟸폲쓚돇쫐붻춨뛂죻컊쳢ꆢ돇쫐붻춨퓫틴컊쳢틔벰붻춨퓋쫤릤뻟업맊럏웸뛔돇쫐뿕웸컛좾뗈돇쫐뮷뺳컊쳢ꆣ쟸폲닣쏦뗄컯쇷퇐뺿ꎬ헽쫇듓헻쳥뗄뷇뛈퇐뺿쟸폲컯쇷풴뗄헻뫏엤훃샻폃뗈컊쳢ꎬ퇐뺿죧뫎킭춬헾뢮ꆢ웳튵퓚쟸폲컯쇷훐뗄믮뚯ꎬ듯떽뺭볃짧믡뗄킭뗷랢햹2223ꆣ 쏀맺2004컯쇷쓪뛈놨룦뗄훷쳢쫇“좫쟲뮯”ꎬ놨룦훐훘뗣잿뗷퓚뺭볃좫쟲뮯ꆢ쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯뮷뺳쿂ꎬ릩펦솴컯쇷퓋ퟷ폫맜샭뗄룷룶랽쏦뗄랢햹뫍쟷쫆ꆣ좫쟲릩펦솴뗄컊쳢퓚맽좥5쓪샯ꎬ쪼훕쫇쏀맺컯쇷킭믡ꎨCouncil of Logistics Managementꎩ훘뗣쳖싛뗄컊쳢ꆣ 컒맺폐맘쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄첽쳖쪼폚20쫀볍80쓪듺,웤훐컒맺톧헟슽듳뗀뷌쫚쳡돶뗄“뗣훡뾪랢샭싛”틔벰퓚웤뫳뗄퇐뺿훐,맺쓚톧헟뛔뺭볃솪쾵폫퓋쫤솪쾵릲듦랢햹뗄퇐뺿뚼돤럖힢틢떽쟸폲컯쇷뛔뺭볃랢햹뗄쓜뚯ퟷ폃ꆣ헢킩싛횤뛔뷸튻늽췘짮쇋쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃횮볤뗄쓚퓚솪쾵,늢듓늻춬닣쏦ꆢ뛠룶쇬폲쳡릩쇋탂뗄쮼슷뫍샭싛랽램,웄뻟웴랢ꆣ뛔폚쟸폲뺭볃뫍쟸폲컯쇷맘쾵퇐뺿뛸퇔,맺쓚톧헟벺뾪쪼맘힢,죧뎤낲듳톧뗄뚭잧샯뷌쫚뗈퓚ꆶ맘폚쟸폲컯쇷샭싛퓚컒맺펦폃뗄퇐뺿ꆷꎨ1998ꎩ튻컄듓캢맛닣듎첽쳖쇋쟸폲컯쇷퓋ퟷ뗄믹놾쒣쪽ꆣ놱랽붻듳뗄쇵컄죣뗈퓚ꆶ싛쟸폲탔컯쇷훐탄뗄붨짨ꆷꎨ2001ꎩ튻컄뷡뫏컯쇷튵뗄랢햹,첽쳖쇋쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄맘쾵틔벰쟸폲탔컯쇷훐탄뗄릦쓜ꆣ놱랽붻듳뗄헅컄뷜뷌쫚퓚ꆶ쟸폲뺭볃랢햹폫컯쇷ꆷꎨ2002ꎩ튻컄듓쟸폲랢햹뗄뷇뛈싛쫶쇋쟸폲뺭 of Integrated Strategic and Tactical Models and Design Algorithms[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2002,143:1-18. 21 EditorialꎬCollaboration in Logistics[J]ꎬEuropean Journal of Operational Research, 2003,144:217-222. 22 Marc and Design of Global Logistics Systems: A Review of Integrated Strategic and Tactical Models and Design Algorithms[J].European Journal of Operational Research, 2002,143:33-38. 23 Editorial,Collaboration in Logistics[J],European Journal of Operational Research, 2003,144:367-377. 8
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 볃폫컯쇷볤뗄쿠뮥맘쾵ꆣ커몺듳톧뗄몣럥뢱뷌쫚뗈퓚ꆶ랢햹쟸폲컯쇷췆뚯쟸폲뺭볃ꆷꎨ2004ꎩ튻컄쾵춳첽쳖쇋쟸폲컯쇷훷쳥ꆢ뿍쳥폫퓘쳥뗈쟸폲컯쇷뷡릹튪쯘,듓쟸폲뺭볃랢햹폫쟸폲닺튵뷡릹랢햹뗄뷇뛈,쾵춳럖컶쇋쟸폲컯쇷뛔쟸폲뺭볃믮뚯킧싊뫍쮮욽뗄펰쿬벰뛔듸뚯쟸폲닺튵뷡릹짽벶ꆢ탎돉쟸폲횧훹닺튵뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ 춨맽뛔맺쓚췢톧헟쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쿠맘퇐뺿뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ잰죋틑뺭퓚쟸폲컯쇷뗄퇐뺿랽쏦ퟶ쇋듳솿뗄릤ퟷꎬ늢뛔죧뫎릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳룸돶훚뛠폐틢틥뗄웴랢ꆣ떫퓚죧뫎죏쪶쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃횮볤뗄쿠뮥ퟷ폃믺훆,죧뫎뾪랢쟸폲컯쇷폫뺭볃퓶뎤뗄킭춬퓋ퟷ쒣쪽,뗈컊쳢뗄퇐뺿룕웰늽,샭싛늻릻짮죫ꆢ돉쫬ꎻ쟸폲컯쇷퇐뺿훐룷쪽샭싛싻횦늢캴탎돉췪헻샭싛쳥쾵ꎬ좱랦쾵춳탔럖컶뫍샭싛닻쫶ꎬ쓑틔쮳펦좫쟲뺭볃“킭춬뮯”랢햹쟷쫆뗄튪쟳ꆣ 뛸룹뻝뇊헟퓚“쮶늩”싛컄뿢틔벰훐컄웚뾯싛컄뿢쇏뗄볬쯷ꎬ맘폚뫪맛닣쏦뗄쟸폲컯쇷“킭춬뮯”퇐뺿뫜짙ꆣꎨ2003ꎩ쳬뷲듳톧뗄탬쟠쟠뗄늩쪿싛컄ꆶ쿖듺쟸폲킭춬컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿ꆷꎬ쫗듎훘뗣퇐뺿쟸폲킭춬컯쇷쾵춳샭싛ꎬ쳘뇰쫇틔컯쇷뺭볃뿕볤퇝뮯믺샭캪뫋탄뗄쟸폲컯쇷샭싛쳥쾵퇐뺿ꆢ쟸폲킭춬컯쇷쾵춳벰웤킭춬퓋ퟷ뗄럖컶ꎬ듓뛸퇐뺿췪짆쇋쟸폲컯쇷샭싛쳥쾵ꎬ캪쟸폲컯쇷킭춬랢햹쳡릩샭싛틀뻝뫍벼쫵놣횤ꆣ떫룃컄뷶뷶맘힢쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿뗄킭춬랢햹퇐뺿ꎬ뫶싔쇋쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폫췢늿뺭볃쾵춳랢햹횮볤뗄킭춬탔ꆣꎨ2006ꎩ뫓몣듳톧뗄맺쫀탱뗄쮶쪿싛컄ꆶ쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃킭뗷랢햹퇐뺿ꆷ뇈뷏췪헻뗘싛쫶쇋쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄쿠뮥ퟷ폃믺훆,횸돶쇋쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹탨튪솽헟뗄쿠뮥킭ퟷ,늢퓚듋믹뒡짏쳡돶쇋킭ퟷ뗄쓚죝ꆢ탎쪽ꆣ떫쫇ꎬ룃컄듓헻룶뺭볃닣쏦살첸쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폫쟸폲뺭볃쾵춳횮볤뗄킭춬랢햹믺훆ꎬ뫜쓑뻟놸닙ퟷ탔뫍뛔쪵볊뗄뻟놸“쟸폲쳘즫”뗄쟸폲컯쇷릹붨쳡릩쟐쪵뿉탐뗄틀뻝ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ쪵볹뗄랢햹탨튪탂샭싛뗄횸떼, 뛸죧뫎퓚쿖폐풴풼쫸쳵볾쿂톡퓱뫏쫊뗄믹폚“쟸폲쳘즫”뗄쟸폲컯쇷햽싔랢햹슷뺶ꎬ캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹햽싔럾컱ꎬ쫇맺쓚췢톧헟맣랺쳖싛뗄튻룶뿎쳢ꆣ뛸컒맺퓚헢랽쏦뗄샭싛퇐뺿뮹뇈뷏좱랦ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾컄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿헽쫇헫뛔떱듺뗄뺭볃랢햹쳘헷——뫍킳랢햹ꎬ뫍쟸폲랢햹훷떼닺튵——훆퓬튵탨튪햹뾪뗄퇐뺿ꎬ틔웚뛔뻟쳥뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨쳡릩샭싛횸떼ꆣ 퇐뺿쓚죝폫퇐뺿랽램 놾컄릲럖캪웟헂ꎬ뗚튻헂캪탷싛늿럖ꎬ뗚뛾ꆢ죽ꆢ쯄ꆢ컥ꆢ쇹헂쫇놾컄뗄훷쳥ꆣ 뗚튻헂ꎬ듓컒맺뺭볃캴살랢햹쟷쫆틔벰쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쿖쪵튪쟳죫쫖ꎬ닻쫶쇋싛컄뗄퇐뺿놳뺰벰퇐뺿틢틥ꎻ좻뫳ꎬ듓컥룶캬뛈쿪쾸쫶움쇋맺 9
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쓚췢쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿룅뿶ꎬ늢퓚듋믹뒡짏틽돶놾컄퇐뺿뗄쓚죝ꎻ퓙헟ꎬ좷솢싛컄뗄헻쳥쓚죝뿲볜ꎻퟮ뫳ꎬ닻쫶쇋싛컄뗄뒴탂뗣ꆣ 뗚뛾헂ꎬ뛔탂탍훆퓬튵뫍쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쓚몭폫쳘헷뷸탐럖컶ꎬ늢퓚뺭볃톧ꆢ짧믡톧ꆢ맜샭톧쫓튰쿂탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳맘솪뛈뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ닻쫶쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꆣ 뗚죽헂ꎬ틔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆰ틔죋캪놾ꆢ뗀슷쿈탐ꆢ닺튵쟽뚯ꆢ탅쾢헻뫏ꆢ킭춬뷸뮯ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭캪틀췐ꎬ듓훆퓬웳튵뗄탐캪뇤럖컶죫쫖ꎬ췆떼돶탂탍훆퓬튵쿂쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨튪쟳ꎬ늢틔듋캪틀뻝ꎬ럖닣듎릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆣ 뗚쯄헂ꎬ퓚뛔뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆풭샭럖컶뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ뷡뫏믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꎬ듓퓋탐뷡릹ꆢ퓋탐뚯솦ꆢ퓋탐킭춬틔벰퓋탐놣헏쯄룶랽쏦좫쏦ꆢ짮죫뗘웊컶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆ꎬ춨맽퓋탐믺훆뗄ퟷ폃쪹웤킭뗷퓋ꎬ틔좷놣웤헽뎣퓋탐ꆣ 뗚컥헂ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹샫늻뾪폫웤랢햹쏜쟐쿠맘뗄쓚췢늿뮷뺳ꎬ컄헂ퟮ뫳듓헾뢮훷떼ퟷ폃ꆢ웳튵훷쳥ퟷ폃틔벰짧믡뗄횧독ퟷ폃뗈랽쏦뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨폫랢햹쳡돶쿠맘붨틩ꆣ 뗚쇹헂ꎬ춨맽뛔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹쿖ힴ뗄쏨쫶틔벰쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뺭볃랢햹폫탂탍훆퓬튵맘쾵뗄럖컶ꎬ쏷좷쇋ꆰ릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳ꆱ뗄뇘좻탔폫뇘튪탔ꎬ늢듓뿆톧늼뻖ꆢ헾닟틽떼ꆢ췸싧놣헏ꆢ웳튵엠폽쯄룶랽쏦뛔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨뷸탐퇐뺿ꆣ 뗚웟헂ꎬ뛔놾컄뗄퇐뺿쓚죝벰돉맻뷸탐쇋ퟜ뷡ꎬ늢햹췻캴살뗄퇐뺿랽쿲ꆣ 뛸퓚뛔짏쫶쓚죝뗄퇐뺿맽돌훐ꎬ놾컄훷튪닉폃틔쿂랽램ꎺ 1.컄쿗ퟛ쫶램 춨맽퓄뛁듳솿뗄맺쓚췢폐맘쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랽쏦뗄샭싛컄쿗ꎬ튻랽쏦쇋뷢뫍뷨본웤쯻톧헟뗄ퟮ탂퇐뺿돉맻ꎬ쇭튻랽쏦춨맽럖컶랢쿖틔췹퇐뺿훐쯹듦퓚뗄컊쳢ꎬ쫔춼듓튻룶탂뗄퇐뺿쫓뷇릹붨“믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿”뗄럖컶뿲볜ꎬ듓뛸췆뚯쟸폲컯쇷샭싛뗄뷸튻늽랢햹ꆣ 2.뚨탔폫뚨솿뷡뫏램 퓚컯쇷컊쳢훐ꎬ폐킩횻쓜뷸탐뚨탔럖컶뗄ꎬ뛸폐킩퓲쫇뿉틔뷸탐뚨솿럖컶뗄ꆣ솽헟뷡뫏웰살ꎬ폐훺폚좫쏦뷒쪾놾컄쯹탨튪뷢뻶컊쳢뗄놾훊뫍쳘헷ꎬ쪹싛뗣룼쏷좷ꎬ싛뻝룼돤럖ꎬ싛샭룼쟥컺ꆣ샽죧ꎬ놾컄듓뺭볃톧ꆢ짧믡톧ꆢ맜샭톧뗈뷇뛈짮죫웊컶탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳횮볤뗃쿠맘탔ꎬ늢평듋뗃돶ꆰ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꆣ 10
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 3.훷돉럖럖컶램 놾컄쫗쿈듓쟸폲뺭볃랢햹ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷탨쟳뫍쟸폲닺튵늼뻖죽룶캬뛈14룶뛾벶횸뇪릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뷚뗣움볛횸뇪쳥쾵ꎻ좻뫳ꎬ춨맽훷돉럖럖컶랽램에뛏돶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷튻벶뷚뗣ꆢ뛾벶뷚뗣뫍죽벶뷚뗣ꆣ 11
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗚뛾헂 탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쿠맘룅쓮뇦컶 헫뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄퇐뺿ꎬ짦벰훚뛠뗄붻닦톧뿆ꎬ맘볼퓚폚뛔웤쓚몭뫍췢퇓뗄짮뿌뗄죏쪶ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾헂붫퓚뛔탂탍훆퓬튵뫍쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쓚몭폫쳘헷뗄죏쪶믹뒡횮짏ꎬ듓뺭볃톧ꆢ맜샭톧ꆢ짧믡톧뷇뛈뷸탐탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳횮볤뗄맘솪뛈럖컶ꎬ늢틔듋뷧뚨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꆣ 탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓚몭벰쳘헷 헫뛔쒿잰맺쓚훆퓬튵뗄쿖ힴꎬ맺쓚톧헟쿈뫳쳡돶ꆰ쿈뷸훆퓬튵ꆱꆢꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ뗈쓜릻뿍맛랴펳훆퓬튵펭뫏짧믡랢햹탨쟳뗄룅쓮ꆣ뛸쿠뛔폚뒫춳훆퓬튵뛸퇔ꎬ쿈뷸훆퓬튵훷튪횸틔쿈뷸훆퓬벼쫵캪훷튪짺닺쫖뛎뗄훆퓬튵ꎬ쯼틔탅쾢뫍횪쪶튪쯘춶죫캪쳘헷ꆣ쯼뗄헢룶쳘헷럻뫏뿆벼랢햹뗄듳랽쿲ꎬ튲럻뫏뺭볃뿉돖탸랢햹뗄쮼슷ꎬ떫쫇쎻폐뷏뫃뗘뾼싇훆퓬튵랢햹뛔뮷뺳랢햹뗄튪쟳ꆣ뛸탂탍훆퓬튵늻뷶쓜릻럻뫏뿆톧랢햹뗄듳랽쿲뗄튪쟳틔벰싺ퟣ맺볒뺭볃뿉돖탸뗄햽싔쮼슷ꎬ뛸쟒쓜릻룼뫃뾼싇떽훆퓬튵뛔뮷뺳뗄펰쿬ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뷡뫏쒿잰뫍킳짧믡뗄뫪맛놳뺰ꎬ훐24맺훆퓬튵랢햹뇘좻튪쟳ퟟꆰ탂탍뮯ꆱ뗀슷ꆣ 뛸뷼벸쓪틔살ꎬꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ룅쓮틑뺭뗃떽풽살풽맣랺뗄맘힢뫍죏춬ꎬ탭뛠쪡쫐헾뢮틑뺭냑훆퓬튵랢햹폫붵뗍쓜풴쿻뫄뫍뮷뺳컛좾맒릳ퟷ캪뾼뫋룉늿튵벨뗄횸뇪ꎬ냩쯦ퟅ쓜풴틢쪶ꆢ뮷뺳틢쪶뗄퓶잿ꎬ탂탍훆퓬튵뗄샭쓮붫뷸튻늽짮죫죋탄ꆣ믘쫗퓙뾴ꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ샭쓮뗄쳡돶ꎬ웤틢틥훘듳뛸쟒뻃풶ꆣ릹붨짧믡뫍킳ꎬ쫇좫쏦붨짨킡뾵짧믡뗄쓚퓚튪쟳ꎬ튲쫇탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹뗄뿍맛좡쿲ꆣ뮻퇔횮ꎬꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ뗄쳡돶쫇뫍킳짧믡붨짨뗄훘튪쓚죝ꎬ틲캪릹붨뫍킳짧믡뇘좻튪쟳25훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹ퟟꆰ탂탍뮯ꆱ뗀슷ꆣ ꆶ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦2004ꆷ냑ꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ뷧뚨캪ꎺ틔죋캪놾ꆢ뮷뺳폑뫃ꆢ뿆벼뒴탂ꆢ쏦쿲캴살뗄훆퓬튵ꎻꆶ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦2005ꆷ뷸튻늽퇐뺿닻쫶ꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ뇘탫럻뫏뫍킳짧믡붨짨탨튪ꎬ탂탍훆퓬튵펦떱쫇풴ꆢ뮷뺳ꆢ뺭볃폫뿆벼뫍킳뗄훆퓬튵ꆣꆶ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦2006ꆷ잿뗷뗄훘뗣쫇ꎺꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ쫇붨짨뒴탂탍맺볒뗄닺튵믹뒡ꎬ탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹뇘262728탫틀뾿뿆벼뒴탂횧독뫍틽쇬ꆣ 24닜뿋ꎮ탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹폫뫍킳짧믡붨짨[J]ꎮퟔ좻뇧횤램퇐뺿ꎬ2005(11)ꎺ12-15ꎮ 25닜뿋ꎮ탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹폫뫍킳짧믡붨짨[J]ꎮퟔ좻뇧횤램퇐뺿ꎬ2005(11)ꎺ12-15ꎮ 26샮솮쮮ꎮ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ훐맺뿆벼돶냦짧ꎬ2004ꎺ1ꎮ 27샮솮쮮ꎮ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ훐맺뿆벼돶냦짧ꎬ2005ꎺ3ꎮ 12
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뛸뻍탂탍훆퓬튵뗄뻟쳥쳘헷뛸퇔ꎬ훷튪뇭쿖퓚틔쿂랽쏦ꎺ 1.탂탍훆퓬튵쫇뿆톧랢햹뗄훆퓬튵 ꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ잿뗷뿆톧랢햹ꎺꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ잿뗷틔죋캪놾ꎬ맘힢훆퓬튵랢햹맽돌훐뗄닎폫헟뗄샻틦ꎬ훘쫓뺭볃폫짧믡뗄춬늽랢햹ꎬ훘쫓죋뗄좫쏦랢햹ꎻꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ잿뗷뮷뺳폑뫃ꎬ훘쫓복짙쓜풴쿻뫄뫍뮷뺳컛좾ꎬ힢훘쳡룟닺튵뫍닺욷뗄뿆벼몬솿ꎬ힢훘랢믓죋솦풴폅쫆ꎬ뎫떼풴뷚풼탍뗄뿉돖탸뗄훆퓬튵랢햹뗀슷ꎻꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ잿뗷움볛훆퓬튵랢햹쮮욽뫍돌뛈ꎬ뇘탫돤럖뾼싇뺭볃뒴탂쓜솦ꆢ뿆벼뒴탂쓜솦뫍쓜풴쿻뫄벰뮷뺳펰쿬돌뛈ꎻꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ잿뗷쏦쿲캴살ꎬ튪쟳헽좷뒦샭뫃훆퓬튵랢햹뗄떱잰폫뎤풶맘쾵ꎬ내헕뿆톧랢햹맛뗄튪쟳ꎬ듓잰햰탔ꆢ햽싔탔뫍좫뻖탔뗄뷇뛈럅퇛캴살ꎬ컈늽췆뷸훐맺훆퓬튵뗄돖탸랢햹ꎻꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ잿뗷ퟔ훷뒴탂ꎬ잿뗷춨맽뿆벼뒴탂횧독뫍틽쇬훐맺훆퓬튵뗄랢햹ꆣ 2.탂탍훆퓬튵쫇뒴탂횧독뗄훆퓬튵 ꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ틀뾿뿆벼뒴탂횧독뫍틽쇬랢햹ꎺ훆퓬튵뗄랢햹훰늽틆떽틔횪쪶뒴탂뫍벼쫵뒴탂캪믹뒡뗄맬뗀짏살ꎬ룄뇤틔췹훷튪틀뾿놾ꆢ샍뚯솦뫍컯훊풴춶죫듸뚯뗄훆퓬튵퓶뎤랽쪽ꎻꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ잿뗷춨맽뿆벼뒴탂쳡룟ힰ놸훆퓬튵쮮욽뫍듙뷸닺욷룼탂뮻듺ꎬ춨맽뿆벼뒴탂쳡룟풴뫍쓜풴샻폃킧싊뫍킧틦ꎬ뷸뛸쳡룟뺭볃킧틦ꎻꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ뎫떼평튪쯘쟽뚯쿲뒴탂쟽뚯랢햹뇤ꎬ잿뗷랢믓횪쪶뫍벼쫵뒴탂뗄폅쫆듙뷸닺튵랢햹ꎻꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ훘쫓풴뷚풼뫍뮷뺳폑뫃ꎬ룖쳺닺튵ꆢ웻뎵닺튵ꆢ쪯뮯닺튵뫍럄횯튵뗈뒫춳훆퓬튵ꎬ쏦뛔죕틦벤쇒뗄뺺헹첬쫆뇘탫퓋폃뿆벼뒴탂돉맻룄퓬뒫춳릤틕ꆢ짨놸ꆢ벼쫵뫍랽램ꎬ늻뛏쳡짽뺭볃킧틦ꎬퟟ탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹뗀슷ꆣ 3.탂탍훆퓬튵쫇뫍킳랢햹뗄훆퓬튵 탂탍훆퓬튵잿뗷ꆰ뫍킳랢햹ꆱꎺ탂탍훆퓬튵늻떥뒿잿뗷훆퓬튵뗄뺭볃뒴퓬쓜솦랢햹ꎬ룼잿뗷퓚랢햹맽돌훐틀췐뿆벼뒴탂ꆢ훘쫓짺첬붨짨뫍뮷뺳놣뮤ꎬ잿뗷헽좷뒦샭뫃닺튵랢햹ꆢ뒴탂쟽뚯ꆢ풴뷚풼뫍뮷뺳놣뮤뗄뫍킳맘쾵ꎻ탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹잿뗷닺튵솴뗄췪헻ꎬ잿뗷쳘뚨닺튵뗄벯뻛랢햹뫍쟸폲쳘즫뗄닺튵벯좺횮볤뗄킭뗷랢햹ꎻ탂탍훆퓬튵맘힢쟸폲훆퓬튵뗄뻹뫢랢햹뫍쿠뮥횧독ꎬ잿뗷쟸폲훆퓬튵뗄킭뗷뫍킳랢햹ꎻ탂탍훆퓬튵훘쫓훆퓬튵웳튵뗄뺭볃뒴퓬ꆢ뿆벼뒴탂ꆢ뮷뺳놣뮤쓜솦ꎬ춬쪱맘힢웳튵뗄돏탅뫍짧믡퓰죎ꎬ훘쫓쫜ퟰ뺴뗄훆퓬튵웳튵탎쿳ꎻ탂탍훆퓬튵튪쟳뷨훺폚탅쾢뮯쫖뛎ꎬ춨맽횪쪶톧쾰뫍횪쪶맜샭쳡짽훆퓬튵뒴탂쓜솦ꎬ탂탍훆퓬튵쫇붨짨뒴탂탍맺볒뗄닺튵믹뒡ꎬ쫇붨짨뫍킳짧믡뗄퓘쳥욽첨ꆣ 28샮솮쮮ꎮ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦[M]ꎮ훐맺뿆벼돶냦짧ꎬ2006ꎺ12ꎮ 13
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쓚몭폫쳘헷 29쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뷧뚨뇘탫뷡뫏ꆰ쟸폲컯쇷ꆱ틔벰쾵춳릤돌훐쾵춳룅쓮뷸탐ꆣ쾵춳릤돌죏캪ꆰ쾵춳쫇캪듯떽쒳훖릲춬쒿뗄ꆢ죴룉릹돉튪쯘쿠뮥폐믺뷡뫏돉뗄뢴뫏쳥ꆱꆣ쾵춳뿉틔쫓캪춨맽쫤죫죋솦ꆢ컯솦ꆢ닆솦틔벰탅쾢뗈풴ꎬ쪵쿖쳘뚨쫤돶틔폐킧듯돉쒿뗄뗄튻훖믺훆ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쫇쟸폲뺭볃듳쾵춳훐뗄튻룶ퟓ쾵춳ꎬ쯼쫇퓚튻뚨뗄쪱볤뫍뿕볤ꎨ쟸폲ꎩ쓚ꎬ평쯹탨캻틆뗄컯ꆢ컯쇷짨쪩짨놸ꆢ죋풱뫍탅쾢솪쾵뗈뛠룶쿠뮥훆풼뗄뚯첬튪쯘쯹릹돉뗄뻟폐쳘뚨릦쓜뗄폐믺헻쳥ꆣ웤훷튪쒿뗄퓚폚퓋폃쿖듺컯쇷맜샭랽램뷢뻶떥튻웳튵틔췢뗄룷훖컯쇷컊쳢ꎬ틔놣횤퓚짧믡퓙짺닺쮳샻뷸탐뗄잰쳡쳵볾쿂ꎬ쪵쿖컯쇷뗄뿕볤킧틦ꆢ쪱볤킧틦뫍룷훖컯쇷뮷뷚뗄뫏샭쿎뷓ꎬퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘랢믓놾뗘쟸컯쇷짨쪩뗄쓜솦ꎬ쪵쿖쟸폲믲룼듳랶캧뗄컯쇷뫏샭뮯ꎬ듙뷸놾뗘쟸뺭볃뗄랢햹ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쓜솦폫쮮욽쫇쟸폲뺭볃쪵솦뗄쳥쿖ꎬ튲쫇30뫢솿튻룶쟸폲쿖듺뮯돌뛈뗄훘튪뇪횾횮튻ꆣ뛸쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뫋탄튪쯘냼삨틔쿂31늿럖ꎺ쟸폲컯쇷짨쪩쳥쾵ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷웳튵쳥쾵ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ꆣ 춬쪱ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돽쇋뻟폐튻냣쾵춳쯹릲폐뗄헻쳥탔ꆢ닣듎탔ꆢ쒿뗄탔뫍뮷뺳쫊펦탔뗈쳘뗣췢ꎬ뮹뻟폐틔쿂쳘헷ꎺ 1.쟸폲탔 쟸폲컯쇷쫇틔쟸폲캪랶캧ꎬ틔쟸폲뗘샭캻훃캪잰쳡ꆣ쟸폲뗘샭캻훃뗄닮틬탔쫇탎돉쟸폲컯쇷뗄뗘샭쳵볾ꎬ죎뫎뗘쟸평폚웤뗘샭캻훃뗄닮틬ꎬ뿍맛짏탎돉쇋쟸폲뗘샭뗄쿖쪵ힴ첬ꎬ헢췹췹퓬돉쇋쟸폲뺭볃뗄닮틬ꆣ쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹쫇쟸폲컯쇷뗄믹뒡ꎬ늻춬쟸폲뺭볃뗄쮮욽ꆢ맦쒣뫍닺튵탎첬ꎬ튪쟳쿠펦뗄쟸폲컯쇷럾컱놣헏ꎬ튲뻍펰쿬쇋쟸폲컯쇷뗄맦쒣뫍랢햹쮮욽ꆣ쟸폲닺튵뷡릹뫍랢햹쟷쫆췹췹뛔쟸폲컯쇷뗄훷튪ퟩ횯탎쪽ꆢ럾컱쮮욽닺짺펰쿬ꆣ 2.훐탄탔 쟸폲뗄훐탄돇쫐뛔쟸폲컯쇷뗄탎돉뫍랢햹뻟폐훘튪펰쿬ꆣ듳훐탍돇쫐쫇쟸폲뺭볃뗄뫋탄ꎬ쟸폲쓚뗄릤짌웳튵훷튪벯훐퓚돇쫐ꎬ쫇쪵쿖쟸폲뺭볃뻛벯뗄훷튪뿕볤뇭쿖탎쪽ꎬ헢뻍듙쪹컯쇷믮뚯튲훷튪랢짺퓚돇쫐ꎨ폈웤듳돇쫐ꎩ벰훜뇟뗘쟸ꎬ듓뛸탎돉컯쇷믮뚯퓚쟸폲쓚뗄뿕볤벯뻛쿖쿳ꆣ헢쮵쏷쟸폲뗄훐탄돇쫐췹췹쫇쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄훐탄ꆣ뛸훐탄돇쫐뗄컯쇷랢햹헾닟췹췹믡뛔쟸폲컯쇷랢햹쓚죝ꆢ쒣쪽뫍쟷쫆뚼믡닺짺훘튪펰쿬ꎬ헢뻍쪹쟸폲컯쇷뗄랢햹듦퓚훐탄탔ꆣ 29붪뮪ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쳘헷벰웤폫쟸폲뺭볃쾵춳뗄맘쾵[J]ꎮ훐맺쟠쓪헾훎톧풺톧놨ꎬ2006(3)ꎺ77-79ꎮ 30탬쟠쟠ꎬ솢탂ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷랢햹벰퇐뺿ퟛ쫶[J]ꎮ컯쇷벼쫵ꎬ2006(4)ꎺ35-38ꎮ 31룟룼뻽뗈ꎮ잳틩쟸폲컯쇷믹뒡욽첨뗄듮붨[J]ꎮ컯쇷벼쫵ꎬ2004 (4)ꎺ67-59ꎮ 14
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 3.뻠샫뺭볃탔 32뻠샫뺭볃탔뛔쟸폲컯쇷뗄뮮럖폐훘튪펰쿬ꆣ컯쇷웳튵쫇쟸폲컯쇷ퟩ횯뫍돐떣뗄훷쳥ꎬ듓웳튵퓋ퟷ뗄뷇뛈뾴ꎬ컯쇷웳튵튪ퟱ톭뻠샫뺭볃풭샭ꎬ톡퓱ퟮ병퓋쫤랽쪽틔붵뗍럑폃ꆣ헢뻍튪쟳컯쇷웳튵퓚ퟮ병뻠샫랶캧쓚쪵쪩폐킧뗄컯쇷믮뚯ퟩ횯ꎬ볈쿲맋뿍쳡릩룟쮮ힼ뗄컯쇷럾컱ꎬ폖믱뗃ퟮ병뗄웳튵뺭볃킧틦ꎻ쪵볊짏헢훖ퟮ병퓋쫤뻠샫뻍좷뚨쇋쟸폲컯쇷뗄럸짤랶캧ꆣ 탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쿠맘탔럖컶 탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷횮볤쫇튻훖쿠뮥틀듦뫍쿠뮥듙뷸뗄맘쾵ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷뗄랢햹믡룸쟸폲훆퓬튵뗄탂탍뮯쳡릩솼뫃뗄쪵쳥틆뚯욽첨ꎬ뛸쟸폲탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹폖믡듙뷸쟸폲컯쇷뗄벯풼탔ꆢ맦쒣탔뫍뮷뺳폑뫃ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ늻싛쫇탂탍훆퓬튵뮹쫇쟸폲컯쇷ꎬ쯼쏇뗄랢햹ퟮ훕쫇튪캪쟸폲듸살짧믡ꆢ뺭볃킧틦ꎬ틲듋ꎬ놾뷚듓뺭볃톧ꆢ맜샭톧ꆢ짧믡톧뗄뷇뛈살웊컶탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄쿠맘돌뛈ꆣ 뺭볃톧럖컶 듓뺭볃톧뗄뷇뛈럖컶탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷뗄맘솪뛈횸쫇듓닺튵뺭볃톧뗄뷇뛈ꎬ뷡뫏뺭볃톧훐뎣폃뗄ꆰ릩룸——탨쟳솴ꆱ톰쟳솽헟횮볤뗄틲맻맘쾵ꎬ늢퓚듋믹뒡짏뷸탐솿뮯럖컶ꆣ 1.뚨탔럖컶 ퟜ쳥짏뾴ꎬ쟸폲훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쫇쿠뮥틀듦ꆢ쿠뮥듙뷸뗄춳튻쳥ꆣ쟸폲훆퓬튵ퟷ캪튻룶쟸폲쓚훷튪뺭볃믮뚯ꎬ뛔쟸폲컯쇷뻟폐뻶뚨ퟷ폃ꎻ쟸폲컯쇷ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃뗄튻룶훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ뛔쟸폲훆퓬튵랢햹뻟폐췆뚯ퟷ폃ꎬ웤듦퓚뫍랢햹뗄훷튪쒿뗄ꎬ쫇ퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘랢믓놾뗘쟸컯쇷짨쪩뗄쓜솦ꎬ쪵쿖컯뗄뿕볤킧틦ꆢ쪱볤킧틦뫍룷훖컯쇷뮷뷚뗄뫏샭쿎뷓ꎬ듙뷸놾뗘쟸뺭볃랢햹ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷폫훆퓬튵횮33볤뗄뮥뚯맘쾵뿉틔폃틲맻맘쾵춼뇭쪾ꆣ 32췵돉뷰ꎬ몫퓶쇖ꎮ맘폚컒맺쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨뗄쮼뾼[J]ꎬ2005(6)ꎺ33-35ꎮ 33쇵쏷럆ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뮥뚯ퟷ폃믺샭럖컶[J]ꎮ릤튵벼쫵뺭볃ꎬ2007ꎨ3ꎩꎺ33-37ꎮ 15
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쟸폲뺭볃쮮욽 탂탍훆퓬튵뺭볃튻쳥뮯 컯쇷헾닟 쟸폲훆퓬튵컯쇷뛌좱ힴ뿶컯쇷춶쮮욽컯쇷탨쟳 컯쇷볛룱컯쇷릩룸 컯쇷솿컯쇷쫕죫 춼 쟸폲컯쇷폫훆퓬튵횮볤뗄뮥뚯틲맻맘쾵 듓춼틔뾴돶ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷폫탂탍훆퓬튵ꆢ뺭볃횮볤뗄뮥뚯맘쾵뿉틔춨맽ꆰ컯쇷뛌좱ꆱ벴컯쇷릩룸쓜솦뫍컯쇷탨쟳횮볤뗄닮뻠뷸탐뷢쫍ꆣ쿖듺컯쇷뛔ꆰ뺭볃퓶뎤ꆱ뫍ꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹ꆱ뗄듙뷸ퟷ폃뿉틔춨맽컯쇷랢햹듸살컯쇷쳥쾵뗄룄짆,듓뛸뛔탂탍훆퓬튵뗄랢햹닺짺ퟷ폃ꎻ쇭튻랽쏦,탂탍훆퓬튵뗄랢햹춨맽뛔컯쇷탨쟳뗄퓶볓듙뷸컯쇷뗄랢햹ꆣ 2.뚨솿럖컶 (1)컒맺훆퓬튵폫컯쇷튵ퟜ쳥쿠맘탔럖컶 훆퓬튵ퟷ캪쿖뷗뛎컒맺뺭볃랢햹횧훹닺튵ꎬ퓚맺쏱뺭볃훐뒦폚훷떼ퟷ폃ꎬ뛸ퟷ캪맺쏱뺭볃랢햹훘튪횧독뗄컯쇷튵퓲춬퇹랢믓ퟅ늻뿉쳦듺뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ본폚컒맺춳볆뿚뺶뫍쫽뻝뿉뗃탔뗈풭틲ꎬ뇊헟닉폃컒맺릤튵쫽뻝듺뇭훆퓬튵닺횵ힴ뿶ꎬ폃붻춨퓋쫤닖뒢뫍폊헾튵뗄쫽뻝횸뇪듺뇭컯쇷튵랢햹ힴ뿶ꆣ 뇭 컒맺훆퓬튵폫컯쇷튵뗈훷튪뺭볃횸뇪 떥캻ꎺ틚풪 쓪럝 릤튵 붻춨퓋쫤닖뒢뫍폊헾튵맺쓚짺닺ퟜ횵 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 16
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 쫽뻝살풴ꎺ2006쓪훐맺춳볆쓪본 릤튵#붻춨퓋쫤닖뒢뫍폊헾튵맺쓚짺닺ퟜ횵 춼 훆퓬튵폫컯쇷튵랢햹쟷쫆춼 듓춼뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ컒맺훆퓬튵폫컯쇷튵뚼폫맺쏱뺭볃퓚랢햹쟷쫆짏뚼듦퓚튻뚨쿠맘탔ꎬ듓뇭쏦뾴ꎬ쯆뫵훆퓬튵랢햹폫맺쏱뺭볃랢햹쿠맘탔룼룟ꆣ떫평폚컯쇷튵웤놾짭폫훆퓬튵뫍맺쓚짺닺ퟜ횵퓚쫽횵짏쿠닮뷏듳ꎬ틲듋ꎬ짏쏦뗄쟷쫆춼늢늻쓜췪좫랴펦웤쓚퓚맘쾵ꆣ뛸춨맽뛔릤튵닺횵ꆢ컯쇷닺횵틔벰맺쓚짺닺ퟜ횵뷸탐쿠맘럖컶ꎬGDP폫릤튵닺횵뫍컯쇷닺횵횮볤듦퓚룟뛈쿠맘맘쾵ꎬ폈웤쫇폫릤튵닺횵횮볤쿠맘돌뛈룟듯ꎥꆣ뛸릤튵닺횵폫컯쇷닺횵횮볤쿠맘돌뛈튲듯떽쇋ꎥꎬ돊쿔훸쿠맘탔ꆣ (2)쟸폲훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쿠맘탔럖컶 룹뻝컒맺춳볆훆뛈ꎬ쿖뷗뛎짐쎻폐릫뾪뗄맘폚쟸폲훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄횱뷓쫽뻝ꎬ뾼싇쫽뻝뿉믱좡탐ꎬ뇊헟톡좡2006훐맺춳볆쓪본훐뗄럖샠랽램ꎬ내헕뚫늿뗘쟸ꆢ훐늿뗘쟸ꆢ컷늿뗘쟸ꆢ뚫놱뗘쟸뗄뮮럖랽램ꆣ 뇭 2005쓪컒맺늻춬쟸폲훷튪릤튵닺욷벰컯쇷ힴ뿶 뚫늿뗘쟸훐늿뗘쟸컷늿뗘쟸 뚫놱뗘쟸 풭쎺 (틚뛖) 풭폍 (췲뛖) 랢뗧솿 (틚잧췟킡쪱) 듖룖 (췲뛖) 쮮쓠 (췲뛖) 쳺슷펪튵샯돌 (릫샯) 16998 17457 27594 13388 릫슷샯돌 (릫샯) 515791 463507 780339 170906 룟쯙릫슷 17
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 싃뿍훜솿 (틚죋릫샯) 믵컯훜솿 (틚뛖릫샯) 폊뗧튵컱ퟜ솿 (틚풪) 쫽뻝살풴ꎺ2006쓪훐맺춳볆쓪본 706050403020100쳺슷펪튵샯돌릫슷샯돌#룟쯙릫슷싃뿍훜솿믵컯훜솿폊뗧튵컱ퟜ솿뚫늿뗘쟸훐늿뗘쟸컷늿뗘쟸뚫놱뗘쟸 춼 늻춬쟸폲컯쇷횸뇪퓚좫맺쯹햼뇈훘 듓춼뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ늻춬쟸폲늻춬뺭볃랢햹돌뛈뗘쟸ꎬ웤컯쇷튵랢햹ힴ뿶튲폐쯹늻춬ꎬ뚫늿뗘쟸돽쳺슷춨뎵샺돌뫍릫슷춨뎵샯돌췢ꎬ웤폠횸뇪뻹쏷쿔룟폚웤폠뗘쟸ꎬ쟒컯쇷퓋ퟷ킧싊퓚좫맺ퟮ룟ꆣ틲듋ꎬ컯쇷튵랢햹ힴ뿶폫쟸폲훆퓬튵랢햹ힴ뿶돉헽쿠맘맘쾵ꆣ 맜샭톧럖컶 쟸폲훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쫇쟸폲뺭볃뗄훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ쪵볊짏쫇쟸폲뺭볃럖릤뫍뫏ퟷ뗄늿럖ꆣ햾퓚쟸폲뺭볃헻쳥랢햹뗄뷇뛈ꎬ늻뷶튪뾼싇쟸폲훆퓬튵ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷튵ퟔ짭뗄랢햹ꎬ뮹펦룃죏횪떽솽헟횮볤뗄킭춬뷸뮯쯹듸살ꆰ1+1>2ꆱ뗄헻쳥킭춬킧펦ꆣ컯쇷맜샭놾짭쫇횸퓚짧믡퓙짺닺맽돌훐ꎬ룹뻝컯훊쇏쪵쳥쇷뚯뗄맦싉ꎬ펦폃맜샭뗄믹놾풭샭뫍뿆톧랽램ꎬ뛔컯쇷믮뚯뷸탐볆뮮ꆢퟩ횯ꆢ횸믓ꆢ킭뗷ꆢ뿘훆뫍볠뚽ꎬ쪹룷쿮컯쇷믮뚯쪵쿖ퟮ병뗄킭뗷폫엤뫏ꎬ틔붵뗍컯쇷돉놾ꎬ쳡룟컯쇷킧싊뫍뺭볃킧틦ꆣ쟸폲쓚늿룷웳튵컯쇷맜샭믮뚯뗄ퟛ뫏벴릹돉쇋뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄튪쟳ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨뇘탫폫쟸폲쓚늿뺭볃랢햹쿠킭뗷ꎬ폫쟸폲쓚늿훷떼닺튵킭춬늢뷸ꆣ폫듋춬쪱ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄훘튪횧독ꎬ탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯뿉틔돉캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뫋탄뺺헹쓜솦뗄튻늿럖ꎬ춨맽쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷풴?뢳뗄돤럖샻폃ꎬ릹붨춬쪱싺ퟣ쟸폲쓚훷떼닺튵뫍웤쯻닺튵랢햹뗄컯쇷쾵춳ꎬ퓚킭춬뷸뮯뗄믹뒡짏릹돉쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄뫋탄뺺헹솦ꆣ 짧믡톧럖컶 냂맅쮹쳘·맅뗂ꎨ1789ꎭ1857ꎩ죏캪ꎬ짧믡쫇튻훖폐맦싉뗄뷡릹ꎬ짧믡쿖쿳뻟폐ퟔ좻뗄ꆢ뫏뫵맦싉뗄탔훊ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ뺭볃좫쟲뮯뫍쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯뗄횱뷓뫳맻 18
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쫇떼훂짧믡뺭볃뮷뺳랢짺뇤ꎬ뮷뺳컛좾ꆢ풴웆뮵ꆢ쮮췁쇷쪧뗈쿖쿳죕틦퇏훘ꎬ짧믡뺭볃퓋맦싉쫜떽웆뮵ꆣ릹붨뫍킳짧믡ꎬ톰쟳뺭볃뗄뿉돖탸랢햹돉캪좫짧믡릲춬맘힢뗄뮰쳢ꆣ늼싗쳘삼퓚쯽쳡붻룸솪뫏맺쫀뷧뮷뺳폫랢햹캯풱믡(WCED)뗄놨룦ꆶ컒쏇릲춬뗄캴살ꆷ훐ꎬ냑뿉돖탸랢햹뚨틥캪ꎺ볈싺ퟣ떱듺죋뗄탨튪ꎬ폖늻뛔뫳듺죋싺ퟣ웤탨튪뗄쓜솦릹돉캣몦뗄랢햹ꆣ 탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쳡돶헽쫇죋쏇톰쟳뺭볃뗄뿉돖탸랢햹ꆢ뺭볃랢햹틔죋캪놾뗄룹놾쳥쿖ꎬ뛸컯쇷튵ퟷ캪쇷춨뮷뷚훐튻룶훘튪뗄닺튵탎첬ꎬ웤랢햹튲뇘좻튪뾼싇떽뮷뺳놣뮤뫍뫏샭폐킧샻폃풴뗄컊쳢ꆣ평폚컯쇷맽돌훐늻뿉뇜쏢뗘믡쿻뫄쓜풴뫍풴ꎬ닺짺뮷뺳컛좾ꎬ쟒컯쇷튵랢햹폫쟸폲훆퓬튵랢햹택웝쿠맘ꎬ붫탂탍훆퓬튵뗄샭쓮죚죫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨횮훐퓚랢햹뗄맽돌훐힢틢킭뗷훆퓬튵ꆢ컯쇷튵ꆢ쟸폲뺭볃폫뮷뺳놣뮤뫍풴뫏샭샻폃뗄맘쾵ꎬ첽톰듯떽뺭볃ꆢ짧믡뫍ퟔ좻뮷뺳뗄릲짺ꆢ킭뗷뗄랢햹슷뺶ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳맜샭헽쫇틀뻝뿉돖탸랢햹뗄샭쓮ꎬ탎돉뺭볃ꆢ컯쇷폫뮷뺳횮볤뗄쿠뢨쿠돉뗄췆뚯뫍훆풼맘쾵ꎬ뷸뛸듙뷸웤랢햹ꎬ듯떽뺭볃ꆢ뮷뺳폫컯쇷뗄릲짺ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뿆톧쓚몭 룹뻝짏쫶럖컶ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳펦룃쫇럻뫏뫍킳짧믡붨짨탨튪ꎬ늢틀뾿뿆벼뒴탂횧독뫍틽쇬ꎬ쪵쿖쟸폲컯쇷뗄뿕볤킧틦ꆢ쪱볤킧틦뫍룷훖컯쇷뮷뷚뗄뫏샭쿎뷓ꎬퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘랢믓쟸폲컯쇷짨쪩뗄쓜솦ꎬ쪵쿖쟸폲믲룼듳랶캧뗄컯쇷뫏샭뮯ꎬ듙뷸쟸폲ꆰ훆퓬웳튵→탂탍훆퓬튵→ꆮ룼듳랶캧뗄ꆯ뺭볃ꆱ랢햹뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆣ쯼뗄돉뎤슷뺶붫쫇틔ꆰ죋ꆱ캪놾ꎬ틔ꆰ죋ꆱ뗄컯쇷탨쟳캪놾ꎬ잿뗷웤랢햹맽돌훐뗄훷쳥닎폫헟쓜쿭쫜떽랢햹듸살뗄샻틦ꆣ횵뗃잿뗷뗄쫇ꎬ퓚헢샯뗄ꆰ죋ꆱ쪵볊짏횸쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄훷튪럾컱탨쟳랽——훆퓬웳튵ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ좷솢믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꎺ튻쫇틔죋캪놾ꆢ뛾쫇뗀슷쿈탐ꆢ죽쫇닺튵쟽뚯ꆢ쯄쫇탅쾢헻뫏ꆢ컥쫇킭춬뷸뮯ꆣ 틔죋캪놾 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉뎤슷뺶,죔좻쫇틔ꆰ죋ꆱ뗄랢햹ퟷ캪돶랢뗣뫍실뷅뗣ꎬ힢훘ꆰ죋ꆱ쯘훊뫍쓜솦뗄쳡룟ꆣ떱좻ꎬ횵뗃잿뗷뗄쫇ꎬ퓚헢샯뗄ꆰ죋ꆱ쪵볊짏횸쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄훷튪럾컱탨쟳랽——훆퓬웳튵ꆣ잿뗷쾵춳랢햹췪짆맽돌훐폫탂탍훆퓬튵ꆢ쟸폲뺭볃폫짧믡뮷뺳뗄솪뚯랢햹ꎬ볡돖룟킧틦ꆢ룟벼쫵ꆢ뗍쿻뫄뗄랢햹볛횵좡쿲ꎬ춻돶풴뷚풼ꆢ쏦쿲캴살틔벰뫍킳랢햹ꆣ 틔죋캪놾쫇횸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉뎤슷뺶뇘탫틔ꆰ훆퓬웳튵ꆱ캪놾ꎬ틔ꆰ훆퓬웳튵ꆱ뗄컯쇷탨쟳캪놾ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄돉뎤 19
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 붲뺿틔훆퓬웳튵캪놾ꎬ뻍쫇튪쪹웤랢햹맽돌훐뗄훷쳥닎폫헟뚼쓜쿭쫜떽랢햹듸살뗄샻틦ꎬ뻍쫇튪쪵쿖쟸폲컯쇷폫뺭볃ꆢ쳘뇰쫇탂탍훆퓬튵뗄춬늽랢햹ꎬ쪵쿖ꆰ죋ꆱ뗄좫쏦랢햹ꆣ 뗀슷쿈탐 뗀슷쿈탐쫇횸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨ꎬ쫗튪뗄쫇볓뿬붻춨췸싧뗈믹뒡짨쪩붨짨ꆣ룹뻝맺췢쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄뺭퇩ꎬ쟸폲붻춨쾵춳뗄튻쳥뮯쫇쟸폲뺭볃돖탸랢햹뗄믹뒡쳵볾ꎬ쫇룄짆춶뮷뺳ꎬ쳡룟쟸폲ퟛ뫏뺺헹솦뗄맘볼쫖뛎ꆣ뛸뻍쒿잰맺쓚틑탎돉뗄쟸폲뛸퇔ꎬ쟸폲쓚벸뫵쎿룶돇쫐뚼폐붻춨쾵춳맦뮮ꎬ쟸폲붻춨쾵춳뗄뫏ퟷ폫킭뗷뮹뒦폚뗍쮮욽ꆢ뗍닣듎ힴ첬ꆣ듓믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뎤웚랢햹뗄햽싔룟뛈살뾴ꎬ폅쿈실쪵쟸폲붻춨쾵춳뗄킭뗷랢햹폫뷡릹폅뮯쫇웤쒿잰쫗튪죎컱횮튻ꆣ 뛸쟒ꎬ캪쇋춻웆쒿잰쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄욿뺱ꎬ췆뷸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨ꎬ뇘탫듓믹뒡짨쪩ꆢ믹뒡닺튵ꆢ믹뒡탔릤ퟷ죫쫖ꆣ뛸듓쒿잰맺쓚쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄쿖ힴ살뾴ꎬ췪짆믹뒡짨쪩ꎬ췆뷸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨ꎬ쫗튪뗄쫇볓뿬붻춨췸싧붨짨ꆣ 닺튵쟽뚯 닺튵쟽뚯쫇횸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹쫇틔쟸폲쓚늿훷떼닺튵ꆪꆪ훆퓬튵뗄듸뚯캪잰쳡뗄ꆣ횻폐쿠맘닺튵랢햹ꎬ폈웤쫇훆퓬튵뫍닉뻲튵뗄랢햹ꎬ닅믡뛔쟸폲컯쇷쳡돶잿뺢탨쟳ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ맺쓚쟸폲컯쇷뗃틔뿬쯙랢햹뫜듳돌뛈짏좡뻶폚훐맺훆퓬튵뗄톸쏍랢햹ꆣ뿉틔쮵ꎬ쎻폐훐맺훆퓬튵뗄랢햹뻍쎻폐맺쓚쟸폲컯쇷뗄췆뚯ꆣ 탅쾢헻뫏 탅쾢헻뫏쫇횸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚췢늿탅쾢퓚쯹폐쿠맘샻틦훷쳥횮볤뗄릲쿭ꆣ뛸탅쾢뮯쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗃틔돉캪튻룶헦헽폐믺쾵춳뗄맘볼ꎬ쎻폐탅쾢췸싧횧독ꎬ컞램쪵쿖쾵춳쓚컯쇷닺튵폫훆퓬닺튵횮볤ꆢ쾵춳쓚췢탅쾢릵춨뗈쇷돌ꎬ뻍컞램탎돉쪵훊틢틥짏뗄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ헻뫏ꎬ튲돉쇋쒿잰쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢뮯붨짨훐뗄ퟮ잿틴ꆣ헻뫏ꎬ뻍쫇춨맽헻뛙ꆢ킭뗷훘탂ퟩ뫏ꎬퟮ훕쒿뗄쫇쪵쿖뛔틑폐풴룼돤럖ꆢ룼뫏샭뗄샻폃ꎬ듯떽췆뚯뺭볃랢햹뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ튻랽쏦ꎬ춨맽릹훾믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳탅쾢욽첨캪헻룶쾵춳쓚췢뗄컯쇷풴ꆢ닺튵풴쳡릩쇋횧독ꎻ쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ춨맽쿖듺뗧ퟓ짌컱살쳡짽쟸폲컯쇷쮮욽ꎬ쪹쾵춳쓚늿탅쾢풴뗃떽폐킧헻뫏ꎬ듓뛸좷놣탂쾵춳퓚풭폐컯쇷 20
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쾵춳뗄믹뒡횮짏랢믓룼듳뗄헻쳥킧틦ꆣ탅쾢헻뫏퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐뻟쳥뇭쿖캪ꎺ뮯럖즢캪벯훐ꎻ뮯뛀폐캪릲쿭ꎻ뮯뻉캪탂ꎻ뮯쇣즢캪쾵춳ꆣ 킭춬뷸뮯 킭춬뷸뮯쫇횸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉뎤슷뺶뇘탫훘쫓잿뗷쾵춳랢햹췪짆맽돌훐폫탂탍훆퓬튵ꆢ쟸폲뺭볃폫짧믡뮷뺳뗄솪뚯랢햹ꎬ뎫떼풴뷚풼탍뗄ꆢ럻뫏뿉돖탸랢햹뗄ꆢ톭뮷탍뗄쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗀슷ꆣ ퟷ캪튻룶폐믺헻쳥뗄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿룷쪵쳥릦쓜뇘탫쿠뮥킭춬뫏ퟷ,뻟놸춬뗈뗄펦뇤쓜솦,듓뛸좷놣쾵춳쓚늿룷ퟓ쾵춳ꆢ룷튪쯘횮볤킭춬뷸뮯ꆣ컯쇷쾵춳ꆢ훆퓬닺튵쾵춳ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃뗄ퟓ쾵춳,퓚웤ퟔ짭폫쟸폲뺭볃웤쯻쾵춳뗄맘솪ퟷ폃훐,뇘좻튪쫜떽늻캪ퟔ짭쯹뿘훆뗄탲닎솿뗄ퟷ폃,ퟮ훕쳥쿖캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳듓컞탲ힴ첬떽탂뗄폐탲ힴ첬뗄뇤ꆣ퓚쿠뇤쇙뷧쪱,룷훖탲닎솿뗄뇤뮯뇭쿖캪쇙뷧헇실,헢쪱횻폐뿘훆뫃펰쿬쾵춳뗄탲닎솿뗄뇤뮯닅쓜릻쪵쿖믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폐탲랢햹ꆣ폈웤퓚췸싧ꆢ횪쪶ꆢ좫쟲뮯캪훷튪쳘헷뗄탂뺭볃쪱듺훐,킭춬헽퓚돉캪뺭볃좫쟲뮯쪱듺뺭볃퓋탐뗄ퟮ듳쟷쫆ꆣ틔탅쾢벼쫵캪횧독뗄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷믮뚯,뇘좻쳥쿖돶킭춬뮯쟷쫆,살싺ퟣ짌튵붻틗죕틦좺쳥뮯ꆢ붻뮥탔ꆢ럖늼탔뫍킭뗷탔뗄쳘뗣ꆣ 볲퇔횮ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꎬ늻뷶뷶붫ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃믮뚯ꆢ쳘뇰쫇ꆰ탂탍훆퓬튵ꆱ닺튵랢햹뗄뚯싶ꎬ튲붫ퟷ캪솪쾵짺닺뫍쿻럑뗄얦듸ꎬퟮ훕돉캪짧믡랢햹뫍죋쏱짺믮쮮욽쳡룟뗄믹뒡쳵볾ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉뎤슷뺶뇘탫헽좷뒦샭뫃떱잰폫뎤풶뗄맘쾵ꎬ뇘탫내헕뿆톧랢햹맛뗄튪쟳ꎬ듓잰햰탔ꆢ햽싔탔뫍좫뻖탔뗄뷇뛈럅퇛캴살ꎬ컈늽췆뷸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷뗄돖탸랢햹ꆣ틲듋ꎬꆰ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꎬ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿쳡릩쇋퇐뺿웰뗣뫍닻쫶틀뻝ꆣ 21
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗚죽헂 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄닣듎릹돉 놾늿럖붫퓚뗚뛾헂맘폚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뿆톧쓚몭죏쪶뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ실쪵 ꆰ틔죋캪놾ꆢ뗀슷쿈탐ꆢ닺튵쟽뚯ꆢ탅쾢헻뫏ꆢ킭춬뷸뮯ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꆣ듓쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훷튪럾컱뛔쿳——훆퓬웳튵탐캪뇤럖컶죫쫖ꎬ췆떼돶탂탍훆퓬튵쿂쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨튪쟳ꎬퟮ훕틔듋캪틀뻝ꎬ럖닣듎릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆣ죧춼쯹쪾ꎺ 닺튵벯좺뮯뇤 헻쳥탔컯쇷췸싧 릩펦솴맜샭퇓짬 뾪럅탔탅쾢욽첨 짺닺탔캻훃틆 웳튵쳥쾵 킭춬탔튵컱췢늿췘햹뮯 훆퓬웳튵탐캪뇤 릹붨튪쟳닣듎릹붨 춼 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄닣듎릹돉 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨틀뻝 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쫇캪쟸폲뺭볃럾컱뗄ꎬ틲듋ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄맦뮮튲훷튪쫇캪쇋쟸폲쓚훷떼닺튵뗄탨쟳짽벶뛸뷸탐뗄ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨뇘탫돤럖뾼싇ퟷ캪쟸폲햼훷떼뗘캻닺튵——훆퓬튵랢햹뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳럾컱뗄탨튪ꆣ뛸쒿잰ꎬ맺쓚쟸폲훆퓬튵헽뒦폚듓뒫춳훆퓬튵쿲탂탍훆퓬튵뇤맽돌훐ꎬ훆퓬웳튵퓚탂탍훆퓬튵샭쓮뗄횧돖쿂ꎬ웤퓋ퟷ탐캪뫍뫏ퟷ쒣쪽뗄뇤뇘좻튪쟳컯쇷럾컱릦쓜뫍랽쪽뗄뇤ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾뷚붫틀뻝탂탍훆퓬튵튪쟳쿂ꎬ듓쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳럾컱뗄훷튪뛔쿳——쟸폲훆퓬웳튵뗄탐캪뇤럖컶죫쫖ꎬ살닻쫶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨틀뻝ꆣ 22
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 훆퓬웳튵뗄닺튵벯좺뮯뇤 34늨쳘ꎨ1990ꎩ횸돶ꎬ튻룶맺볒뗄ퟮ훷튪뗄좫쟲뺺헹탔닺튵뫜뿉쓜벯훐폚룃맺ꆰ뗘샭짏뗄벯좺ꆱꆣ닺튵벯좺돉캪췆뚯훐맺뺭볃랢햹훐듸뚯뺭볃랢햹뗄훘튪틲쯘ꎬ죧햼뗘쏦믽100욽랽릫샯뗄놱뺩훐맘듥뻛벯쇋1300뛠볒IT닺튵뗄웳튵ꎻ붭쯕떤퇴퇛뺵닺튵웤ퟜ닺솿햼좫맺뗄1/3ꆣퟷ캪랢햹훐맺볒ꎬ릤튵뮯쫇늻뿉폢풽뗄뷗뛎ꎬ훐맺헽퓚돐뷓쫀뷧룷뗘뗄훆퓬튵틆ꎬ늢돉캪쫀뷧탔뗄훆퓬튵훐탄ꆣ캴살벸쓪헻룶릤튵퓶뎤뛔맺쏱뺭볃뗄릱쿗붫듯떽65%ꎭ70%ꎬ릤튵퓚GDP훐뗄뇈훘35튲붫짏짽떽50ꎥ틔짏ꎬ훆퓬튵붫돉캪뺭볃랢햹뗄훷튪횧독솦솿ꆣ훆퓬튵닺튵벯좺틑뺭돉캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄퓶뎤벫ꎬ뛸쟸폲뺭볃튲듓욽탐랢햹뇤떽럖즢뗄벫뗣폅쿈랢햹뗄뻖쏦ꆣ 훆퓬튵뗄닺튵벯뻛쪹뗃뻠샫돉놾뫍붻틗럑폃뗃틔붵뗍ꎬ듓뛸탎돉쿠뛔뺺헹폅쫆ꆣ캤늮죏캪ꎬ펰쿬릤튵쟸캻뗄틲쯘뿉틔럖캪솽샠ꎺ튻샠쫇펰쿬릤튵럖늼뗄룷룶쟸폲뗄ꆰ쟸폲탔틲쯘ꆱꎬ쇭튻샠쫇릤튵뗄쟸폲럖늼횮훐냑릤튵벯훐폚쒳뗘뛸늻쫇쯼뗘뗄ꆰ뻛벯틲쯘ꆱꆣ쟸폲컯쇷볈쫇닺튵벯뻛탎돉뗄훘튪폕틲ꎬ튲쫇붫쿠맘닺튵쓽뻛퓚튻웰뗄뫏볁ꆣ컞싛쫇십킪뛻쪽뗄닺튵벯좺뮹쫇싖훡쪽뗄닺튵벯좺ꎬ뚼탨튪쿠쫊펦뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳캪벯좺랶캧쓚웳튵쳡릩퓋쫤ꆢ엤쯍뗈럾컱ꎬ탨튪뎩춨뗄쟸폲컯쇷뮷뺳쪹벯좺쓚늿훆퓬웳튵폫췢늿뷸탐풴ꆢ쓜솿뫍탅쾢뗄붻쇷ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ컞싛쫇듓닺튵벯좺뗄탎돉ꆢ랢햹뮹쫇듓닺튵벯좺뗄뺺헹폅쫆쯜퓬ꎬ떱쟸폲뺭볃평욽쏦랢햹쿲벫뮯뗄닺튵벯좺랢햹뇤뗄쪱뫲ꎬ뚼탨튪쿠펦뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폫횮쿠쫊펦ꆣ 훆퓬웳튵뗄릩펦솴맜샭퇓짬 퓚좫쟲럖릤틔벰훆퓬튵닺튵벯뻛뗄맽돌훐ꎬ훆퓬웳튵캪쇋믱좡뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ뾪쪼폫뫏ퟷ믯냩뷡돉햽싔솪쏋ꎬ틔볛횵솴캪얦듸탎돉릩펦솴짏뗄뷡쏋ꎬ쪵쪩릩펦솴맜샭ꆣ21쫀볍뗄뺺헹틑뺭듓웳튵폫웳튵횮볤뗄뺺헹뇤캪릩펦솴폫릩펦솴횮볤뗄뺺헹ꎬ웳튵럗럗톰쟳뻟폐쿠뛔뺺헹폅쫆뗄뫏ퟷ믯냩ꎬ릹퓬럖릤믹뒡짏뗄뺺헹폅쫆랢믓틔벰퓚듋믹뒡짏뗄뫏ퟷꆣ 맜샭샭쓮뫍맜샭쒣쪽뗄룯탂듸살맜샭랽램뗄뇤ꆣ듓뢣쳘뗄쇷쮮ퟷ튵ꆢ럡쳯뗄ힼ쫇훆퓬ꆢ떽릩펦짌뿢듦맜샭틔벰릩펦솴튻쳥뮯맜샭ꎬ쎿튻듎맜샭랽램뗄룼탂믲뇤뛠냩쯦릩펦솴짏웳튵폫웳튵횮볤뗄맘쾵뫍솪쾵뗄볓짮ꆣ킡엺솿ꆢ뛠엺듎풭닄쇏릩펦ꆢ쇣뿢듦뗄쪵쪩틔벰릩펦짌뿢듦맜샭뚼뛔틔닺튵벯뻛캪쳘헷뗄훆퓬웳튵폫웤쿠맘웳튵횮볤뗄컯쇷쳡돶퇏뻾뗄쳴햽ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ닺튵벯좺쒣쪽쿂릲춬엤쯍틔벰 34늨쳘ꎮ맺볒뺺헹폅쫆[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ뮪쿄돶냦짧ꎬ2002ꎺ15ꎮ 35맹뿋즯ꎮ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹쟷쫆폫퇘몣뗘쟸훆퓬튵랢햹햽싔[ꏍ]ꎮ뾪럅놨뗀ꎬ2004ꎨ4ꎩꎺ27-45ꎮ 23
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 솪뫏뿢듦맜샭쒣쪽뗄뾪햹ꎬ튲튪쟳풭폐쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷훐탄뗄훘탂뚨캻뫍럖늼ꎬ뛸쟸폲탔컯쇷훐탄ퟷ캪횧돖쟸폲쓚웳튵랢햹뗄훘튪풴탨튪헾뢮뷸탐춳튻맦뮮늿쫰ꆣ컯쇷훐탄ퟷ캪듳탍컯쇷뷚뗣ꎬퟛ뫏뛠훖컯쇷짨쪩풴뫍웳튵풴ꎬ쫇벯풼뮯ꆢ듳맦쒣컯쇷짨쪩뗄벯훐뗘뫍컯쇷쿟슷뗄붻믣뗣ꆣ컯쇷훐탄틔웤뇣샻붻춨ꆢ탅쾢벯뻛ꆢ릦쓜럸짤뗈ퟛ뫏쪵솦캪훜캧웳튵쳡릩ퟛ뫏뢴퓓뗄컯쇷럾컱ꎬ폐킧붵뗍쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷돉놾ꎬ쳡룟쟸폲쓚벯좺웳튵뗄뺺헹쓜솦ꆣ 쿖듺뮯뗄맜샭샭쓮뫍맜샭랽램뗄쪵쪩탨튪췪짆뗄튻쳥뮯탅쾢쾵춳ퟷ캪횧독ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷탅탄욽첨ퟷ캪쟸폲쓚벯좺웳튵쓚늿ꎬ훆퓬튵닺튵벯좺횮볤틔벰쟸폲췢뷧뷸탐릵춨솪쾵뗄욽첨ꎬ튻랽쏦뿉틔쪹쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷풴뗃틔폐킧엤훃ꎬ복짙풴틲탅쾢늻뛔돆쯹듸살뗄풴샋럑ꎬ쇭튻랽쏦쟸폲컯쇷욽첨캪웳튵쳡릩탅쾢릲쿭뫍탅쾢붻뮻뗄뿕볤ꎬ늻뷶뷢뻶웳튵탅쾢춶죫늻ퟣ쯹퓬돉뗄탅쾢ퟨ죻ꎬ룼쓜복짙웳튵탅쾢훘뢴붨짨쯹퓬돉뗄뷰샋럑틔벰탅쾢맂떺쿖쿳ꆣ 훆퓬웳튵뗄짺닺탔캻훃틆 냩쯦쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ훆퓬튵퓚쟸폲쓚뗄럖늼훰늽랢짺뇤뮯ꎬ듓ퟮ돵훆퓬튵랢햹쮵탎돉뗄퓶뎤벫ꎭ뫋탄돇쫐ꎬ훰늽쿲뫋탄돇쫐훜캧틆ꎬ평쟸폲뫋탄좦닣쿲럇뫋탄좦닣틆ꆣ쟸폲쓚늿짺닺늼뻖튲랢짺뇤ꎬ뫋탄돇쫐훰늽돉캪짺닺탔럾컱튵뫍쿈뷸훆퓬튵캪훷뗄뗘쟸ꎬ뛸냑맣듳훜뇟뗘쟸붨짨돉돐뷓맺쓚췢훆퓬튵춶뫍36틆뗄볓릤뗘쟸ꆣ뫋탄돇쫐릦쓜평ퟮ돵뫋탄훆퓬훐탄뇤캪짺닺탔럾컱훐탄ꎬ훘뗣랢햹뷰죚ꆢ퓋쫤ꆢ쎳틗ꆢ톯럾컱뫍뿆벼럾컱ꆢ램싉톯뗈ꎬ짺닺탔럾컱튵뗄쳡룟붫듳듳붵뗍쟸폲쓚늿웳튵볤뗄붻틗돉놾ꎬ캪웳튵랢햹쳡릩훇솦횧돖ꆣ뫋탄돇쫐돉캪맜샭훐탄ꎬ펪쿺훐탄ꎻ훜뇟뗘쟸돉캪훆퓬훐탄ꆣ 냩쯦훆퓬튵랢햹뛸듸살뗄쟸폲닺튵늼뻖뗄뇤뮯ꎬퟮ훕뻶뚨쇋쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿뷡릹뗄뇤ꆣ틔뎤죽뷇뗘쟸캪샽ꎬ뎤죽뷇ퟷ캪훐맺ퟮ랢듯뗄뗘쟸ꎬ풭폐컒맺뗄훆퓬튵훐탄짏몣훰늽뇤캪짺닺탔럾컱튵훐탄ꎬ캪쟸폲랢햹쳡릩뷰죚ꆢ램싉ꆢ톯뗈럾컱ꆣ뛸뎤죽뷇뗘쟸훆퓬튵쿲짏몣훜뇟뗘쟸틆ꎬ틑뺭탎돉쯕컽뎣ꆢ쓏뺩뫍몼훝죽듳훆퓬튵믹뗘ꎬ뛸쟸폲컯쇷췸싧튲틔탎돉틔짏몣캪뫋탄ꎬ쯕컽뎣ꆢ쓏뺩뫍몼훝캪뻖늿쏜벯탍뗄컯쇷췸싧ꎬ쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷훐탄튲냩쯦훆퓬튵뗄틆뛸닺짺럖늼뗄뇤뮯ꆣ짏몣ퟷ캪믵컯풴뷸돶뎤죽뷇뗘쟸뗄쏅뮧ꎬ뻛벯쇋좫맺ퟮ쿈뷸뗄컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩ꆢ컯쇷웳튵뫍컯쇷췸싧ꎬ틔짏몣캪틀췐쿲훜뇟뗘쟸럸짤ꎬ폫훜뇟컯쇷풴릲춬럾컱뎤죽뷇쟸폲뗄뺭볃랢햹ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ훆퓬튵랢햹쯹틽웰뗄닺튵늼뻖뇤뮯ꎬ붫듸뚯뫍탨튪쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟶ돶쿠펦뇤뮯ꎬ틔쫊펦쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄탨튪ꎬ췆뚯쟸폲쓚늿닺튵룼탂짽벶ꆣ 36쇵횾뇫ꎮ짺닺럾컱탍돇쫐ꎺ뚼쫐좦탎돉뗄믹뒡[J]ꎬ2003ꎺ16-18ꎮ 24
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 훆퓬웳튵뗄튵컱췢늿췘햹뮯 맺볊럖릤쳥쾵틑뺭듓풭폐뗄닺튵볤럖릤훰늽쿲닺튵쓚짵훁닺욷쓚럖릤랢햹ꎬ럖릤닣듎뫍돌뛈풽살풽짮ꆣ훐맺훆퓬튵욾뷨ퟔ짭뗍돉놾폅쫆틔벰잿듳뗄닺튵엤쳗쓜솦ꎬ늻뛏컼틽맺췢뿧맺릫쮾짺닺훆퓬뮷뷚쿲훐맺틆ꆣ훐맺훆퓬웳튵쏦뛔벤쇒뗄쫐뎡뺺헹ꎬ잿뮯ퟔ짭뫋탄튵컱ꎬ뛸붫럇뫋탄튵컱믲늻뻟놸뺺헹폅쫆뗄튵컱췢냼ꎬ튵컱췢냼틑뺭뿧풽웳튵뇟뷧뫍탐튵뇟뷧ꎬ랶캧뫍돌뛈늻뛏삩듳ꆣ 뛸컯쇷튵컱췢냼헽쫇퓚훆퓬튵튵컱췢냼뗄믹뒡짏닺짺뗄ꎬ훆퓬웳튵평폚볛횵솴짏늻춬튵컱뮷뷚뗄췢냼떼훂웤컯쇷뮷뷚뗄럖닰ꎬ풭폐웳튵쓚늿컯쇷훰늽놻룷뫏ퟷ믯냩뗄컯쇷쯹좡듺ꆣ춬쪱웳튵캪믱좡뺺헹폅쫆ꎬ훰늽폫웤짏쿂폎뫏ퟷ믯냩뷡돉햽싔솪쏋ꎬ퓋폃릩펦솴맜샭뗄쮼쿫붫웳튵헻룶솴쳵탎돉춳튻샻틦헻쳥ꎬ컯쇷ퟷ캪웳튵샻죳뗄뗚죽풴좪튲뾪쪼춨엌뾼싇ꎬ쪵쪩튻쳥뮯뗄컯쇷맜샭ꆣ 틲듋ꎬퟷ캪쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋ퟷ뗄훷쳥ꎬ쟸폲쓚뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵뗈뗄랢햹쮮욽ꆢ퓋ퟷ킧싊뫍럾컱쓜솦붫ퟳ폒쟸폲쓚훆퓬튵뗄랢햹쯙뛈ꎬ튲쫇쟸폲쓚뛔닺튵컼틽솦뫍쓽뻛솦뗄훘튪쳥쿖ꆣ쟸폲쓚훆퓬튵컯쇷탨쟳뗄뇤튲뇘붫췆뚯쟸폲컯쇷퓋ퟷ훷쳥뗄랢햹뫍뇤ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨튪쟳 훆퓬웳튵뗄탐캪뇤쯹듸살뗄컯쇷럾컱튪쟳뗄뇤뮯ꎬ뇘좻떼훂쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릦쓜쳘탔닺짺쿠펦뗄뇤ꆣ틲듋ꎬ돽쇋뻟폐뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쯹릲폐뗄쟸폲탔ꆢ닣듎탔ꆢ뻠샫뺭볃탔ꆢ훐탄탔뗈쳘뗣췢ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨튪쟳폖폐쇋탂뗄쓚몭ꆣ 헻쳥탔튪쟳 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄헻쳥탔늻뷶펵폐뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄헻쳥탔쓚몭ꎬ뛸쟒뇘좻뻟놸탂뗄쓚몭ꆣ튻쫇쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷퓋쫤췸싧뗄튻쳥뮯ꆣ쟸폲뺭볃훐쟸폲뗄쓚몭뻟폐뿧탐헾쟸폲뗄쳘뗣ꎬ뛸컒맺컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩뗄붨짨듳뚼틔탐헾쟸폲ퟷ캪뷧쿞ꎬ뛸훆퓬튵뗄닺튵벯뻛틔벰쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹뗄ꆰ컞탐헾뷧쿞탔ꆱ퓲캪쟸폲컯쇷뗄랢햹쳡돶쇋쳴햽ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨펦뿧풽탐헾쟸폲룅쓮ꎬ붫뺭볃쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩붨짨뫍샻폃춨엌뾼싇ꎬ놣헏쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷뷚뗣횮볤뗄폐킧맡춨ꆣ뛾쫇쟸폲쓚늻춬퓋쫤랽쪽횮볤뗄컞러솴뷓ꆣ탂탍훆퓬튵쿂뗄훆퓬웳튵닉릺뫍쿺쫛뗄좫쟲뮯뇘좻듸살믵컯퓋쫤맽돌훐뗄쳺ꎭ릫ꎭ몣뗈늻춬퓋쫤랽쪽횮볤뗄뮻ꎬ늻춬퓋쫤랽쪽횮볤뗄컞러솴뷓폐샻폚쯵복ힰ킶ꆢ춣쇴뫍쯰뫄돉놾럑폃ꎬ쳡릩튻햾쪽뗄퓋쫤ꎬ쳡룟퓋ퟷ킧싊ꆣ 25
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뾪럅탔튪쟳 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뾪럅탔늻뷶펵폐뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뾪럅탔쓚몭ꎬ뛸쟒뇘좻뻟놸탂뗄쓚몭ꆣ튻쫇쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄뾪럅탔ꆣ쟸폲쓚컯쇷탅쾢욽첨튪폫웤쯻쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뷸탐뛔뷓ꎬ붫쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨릹붨돉캪쟸폲쓚늿웳튵폫췢뷧뷸탐탅쾢릵춨뫍쓜솿붻뮻뗄쟅솺ꆣ뛾쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄퇓짬탔ꆣ뺭볃랢햹맽돌훐뗄쟸폲탔ꎬ놾훊쫇튻훖뺭볃뗄랶돫ꎬ쫇평뺭볃랢햹맽돌훐솪쾵쏜쟐뗄쟒뗘샭캻훃쿠쇚뗄탐헾쟸폲ퟩ돉ꆣ뺭볃짏뗄쟸폲랶캧튲늻쫇튻돉늻뇤뗄ꎬ냩쯦쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ늻춬뗘쟸횮볤솪쾵뗄뇤뮯ꎬ믡늻뛏폐쟸폲놻쓉죫믲쳞돽쟸폲뗄랶돫ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄횧독ꎬ튲펦쯦ퟅ쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹뛸짬쯵ꆣퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹훷튪ퟩ돉늿럖뗄훆퓬튵ꎬ웤닺튵벯뻛ퟷ폃뗄늻뛏볓잿ꎬ뛔훜뇟뗘쟸럸짤ퟷ폃뗄퓶볓ꎬ붫듸살룼뛠뗄웳튵쿲닺튵벯좺쯹햼쟸폲뻛벯ꎬ쟸폲뗄랶캧튲붫늻뛏삩햹ꆣ 킭춬탔튪쟳 퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚ꎬ룷ퟓ쾵춳횮볤ꆢ룷튪쯘횮볤뚼듦퓚ퟅꆰ뫏ퟷꆢ춬늽ꆢ킭뗷폫뮥늹ꆱ뗈맘솪ꆣ룷맘쾵훷쳥퓚룷닣듎킭춬탔풽잿ꎬ뻍풽쓜폅뮯믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킧폃믺훆ꎬ늢캪웤헻쳥킧쓜뗄랢믓웰떽ꆰ듟뮯볁ꆱ뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷웳튵폫룷닣쏦맘솪틲쯘킭춬킧펦뗄쪵쿖ꎬ틀뾿폚쯼폫믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐룷튪쯘횮볤탎돉뗄폅뮯킭춬맘솪뫍폅뮯킭춬퓋ퟷꎬ쪹쯼퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐탎돉ꆰ뫏ퟷꆢ춬늽ꆢ킭뗷ꆢ 뮥늹ꆱ뗄랢햹퓋ퟷ쒣쪽ꎬ헢튲쫇릹돉믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇝37뷸뗄쓚퓚뚯솦ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳닣듎릹돉 틔짏듓쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳럾컱뗄훷튪뛔쿳ꆪꆪ쟸폲훆퓬웳튵탐캪뇤럖컶죫쫖ꎬ뢳폨탂탍훆퓬튵쿂쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨튪쟳탂뗄쓚몭ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폐웤뫋탄ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ틲듋퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨훐ꎬ웤췸싧늼뻖릹붨쫇틔훆퓬튵닺튵벯뻛쯹듸살뗄뻖늿컯쇷랢햹뫍튪쟳캪믹뒡뗄ꎻ쟸폲탅쾢욽첨쫇놣헏쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쮳샻룟킧뫍풴폐킧샻폃뗄훘튪놣헏ꎻ쟸폲웳튵쳥쾵퓲쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄캢맛믹뒡ꎬ쫇췆뚯훆퓬튵뫍컯쇷튵죚뫏뗄뫏볁ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾뷚붫틔듋캪틀뻝ꎬ듓췸싧늼뻖ꆢ탅쾢욽첨ꆢ웳튵쳥쾵럖닣듎릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆣ 37퓸붡ꎬ헅튻랽ꎮ짧믡킭춬톧[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ뿆톧돶냦짧ꎬ2000ꎺ17ꎮ 26
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 췸싧늼뻖 퓚뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷췸싧늼뻖훐ꎬ놾컄튻룄뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷늼뻖훐쫗쿈뷸탐쟸폲붻춨맦뮮뗄랽램ꎬ붫쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣맦뮮ퟷ캪쟸폲붻춨췸싧맦뮮뗄잰쳡틀뻝ꎬ뻟쳥쮼슷캪ꎺ퓚쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣돇쫐럖늼뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ룹뻝쿖폐돇쫐뷚뗣횮볤솪쾵뫍컯쇷ힴ뿶쯹탎돉컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸ꎬ훘뗣랢햹컯쇷좦쓚붻춨췸싧ꎬ퓚늻춬컯쇷좦횮볤탎돉붻춨훷룉뗀ꎬ쟸폲쓚늿훷룉뗀쿲췢퇓짬듓뛸폫쟸폲췢뷧붨솢솴뷓ꎬퟮ훕릹돉헻룶쟸폲뗄췸싧늼뻖ꆣ 1.믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣맦뮮 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹맽돌훐컯쇷믮뚯벯뻛뗄쟸폲ꎬ웤맦뮮늢럇죋캪뗘뮮뚨뗘쟸릹붨컯쇷믹뗘ꆢ컯쇷풰쟸뗈컯쇷뷚뗣ꎬ뛸쫇퓚ퟛ뫏움볛쿖폐쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ붫랢햹톸쯙ꆢ뛔훜뇟뺭볃랢햹듸뚯ퟷ폃듳ꆢ틑뺭돉캪뻖늿뗘쟸믵컯벯즢훐탄뗄돇쫐뷸탐훘뗣럶돖ꆣ웤쒿뗄퓚폚맦랶쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꎬ캪쟸폲컯쇷닺튵뗄랢햹펪퓬솼뫃뗄뮷뺳ꎬ늢캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹쳡릩잿폐솦뗄횧독ꆣ놾컄틽죫훷돉럖럖컶램ퟛ뫏쟸폲뺭볃ꆢ닺튵ꆢ쟸캻벰컯쇷뗈뛠훖틲쯘뛔탂탍훆퓬튵뮷뺳쿂뗄쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣럖늼ퟶ돶움볛ꆣ (1)훷돉럖럖컶랽램톡폃쮵쏷 쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣늼뻖럖컶훐뎣폃랽램훷튪폐솽훖ꎺ튻쫇훷돉럖럖컶램ꎨPCAꎩ,쇭튻훖퓲쫇닣듎럖컶램ꎨAHPꎩꆣ튲폐죋퓋폃닣듎럖컶램뫍쒣뫽움볛램뷸탐ퟛ뫏ꎬ38쳡돶쒣뫽닣듎럖컶램뷸탐컯쇷뷚뗣늼뻖뗄럖컶ꆣ쒿잰컒맺쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣맦뮮믲움볛훐듦퓚뗄훷튪컊쳢뻍쫇컯쇷쿠맘쫽뻝뗄좱쪧ꎬ짐쎻폐붨솢웰췪짆뗄컯쇷춳볆쳥쾵ꎬ컯쇷쿠맘춳볆쫽뻝죔퇘폃틔잰90쓪듺뗄춳볆랽램ꎬ뷶뻍붻춨퓋쫤뫍폊뗧샠쫽뻝뷸탐쿠맘춳볆ꆣ컯쇷쫽뻝뗄퇏훘좱쪧캪쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣뗄움볛듸살퇏훘ퟨ낭ꎬ틲듋ꎬ폐죋뾪쪼뎢쫔붫훷맛랽램틽돶컒맺컯쇷뷚뗣움볛훐ꎬ퓋폃닣듎럖컶램뛔컯쇷뷚뗣뷸탐움볛ꆣ좻뛸퓚닣듎럖컶램뗄퓋폃훐ꎬ틲짦벰볒듲럖ꎬ늻춬볒틲웤뾴컊쳢뷇뛈뫍횪쪶솿늻춬쯹룸돶좨훘튲늻춬ꆣ평듋뿉쓜떼훂춬튻샠움볛랽램ꎬ틲듲럖볒늻춬ꎬퟮ훕뗃돶뗄뷚뗣뗈벶폐쯹늻춬ꆣ퓚쫽뻝폐쿞뗄쳵볾쿂ꎬ캪쪹뛔컯쇷뷚뗣움볛뿉맛ꎬ놾컄톡퓱훷돉럖럖컶램ꎬ뇜쏢틲죋캪틲쯘퓬돉뗄움볛욫닮ꆣ (2)훷돉럖럖컶퓚쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣움볛훐뗄펦폃 ꋙ폃 Z-Score 램붫풭쪼쫽뻝뷸탐뇪ힼ뮯ꎬ 38색럡욽ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷췸싧쾵춳맦뮮퇐뺿[D]ꎮ맾뛻뇵ꎺ맾뛻뇵릤튵듳톧ꎬ2006ꎮ 27
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 ξ−E(ξ)*iiξ=iD(ξ)iꆣ () ꋚ붫뇪ힼ뮯뫳뗄쫽뻝쇐돶뻘헳 Xꆣ xxΛx11121pxxΛx21222pX=ΛΛΛΛxxΛxn1n2np () n 듺뇭룷룶퇹놾ꎨ늻춬쓪뛈ꎩꎬp 듺뇭룷룶뇤솿ꎨ횸뇪ꎩꎬꎨn>pꎩꆣ ꋛ볆쯣뇪ힼ뮯뻘헳훐쎿솽룶횸뇪볤뗄쿠맘쾵쫽ꎬ뗃떽쿠맘쾵쫽뻘헳 Rꆣ 1′R=XXn−1 () λE−R=0ꋜ볆쯣쿠맘쾵쫽뻘헳 R 뗄쳘헷횵뫍쳘헷쿲솿ꆣ평랽돌뗃떽p룶>>>……>>0λλλλ123p쳘헷횵ꎬ내듓듳떽킡뗄쮳탲업쇐캪ꎬ늢뗃떽뛔펦폚 p룶쳘헷횵뗄쳘헷쿲솿ꎬ =(,,……)τττττi1i2i3ipi () ꋝ볆쯣훷돉럖뗃럖ꆣ톡좡훷돉럖뿉틔늻톡좡쯹폐뗄훷돉럖ꎬ뛸횻탨톡좡잰 i Yi룶훷돉럖ꎬ쪹뗃잰i룶훷돉럖뗄랽닮릱쿗싊듯떽 85%벴뿉ꆣ짨캪쳡좡뗄뗚룶훷돉럖ꎬ퓲 +……XτXτXτ111i122i1ppi+……XτXτXτ211i222i2ppi=*=YXτiiji………………………………+……XτXτXτn11in22inppi () ꋞ볆쯣룷뷚뗣돇쫐뗄ퟛ뫏움볛횵ꆣ mλiF=αy+αy+...+αy=y1122mm∑mλi=1∑i () 2.믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷붻춨췸싧늼뻖 쟸폲붻춨췸싧ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄횧돖ꎬ웤맦뮮뫍랢햹럾듓뫍럾컱폚쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹ꆣ틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷붻춨췸싧늼뻖쫗쿈쫇캪탂탍훆퓬튵뗄랢햹럾컱뗄ꆣ웤죎컱쫇맡춨쟸폲훆퓬튵뫍쟸폲컯쇷죚뫏랢햹맽돌훐뗄컯쇷뷚뗣ꎬퟩ돉쓜릻싺ퟣ탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹튪쟳뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿕볤췸싧쳥쾵ꆣ 28
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 (1)랢햹쟸폲쓚컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸뗄뻖늿붻춨췸싧 냩쯦쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ쟸폲쓚늿닺튵뷡릹벰돇쫐릦쓜튲퓚늻뛏랢짺뇤ꆣ퓚탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹뗄듸뚯쿂ꎬ풭폐뻛벯퓚뫋탄돇쫐뗄훆퓬웳튵훰늽췢잨ꎬ늢퓚뫋탄돇쫐훜캧탎돉늻춬탐튵뗄닺튵벯뻛쿖쿳ꎬ쯦횮뛸살뗄쫇듸살쇋닺튵벯뻛쟸뻖늿쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹ꆣ듓쟸폲쓚뫪맛뷇뛈살맛달ꎬ뗘샭캻훃쿠쇚ꎬ풴?뢳쿠뷼뫍믹뒡짨쪩붨짨솼뫃뗄돇쫐훰늽탎돉쇋뛔쿠맘닺튵뗄뻛벯ퟷ폃ꎬ훰늽랢햹돉캪쟸폲쓚늿탂뗄뺭볃퓶뎤벫ꆣ뛸랢햹ힴ뿶쿠쯆ꎬ뗘샭캻훃쿠쇚뗄돇쫐퓲탎돉춳튻닣듎뗄쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣ꎬ벸룶쿠쇚뗄춳튻닣듎짏뗄컯쇷뷚뗣틲웤쓚늿컯쇷풴ힴ뿶뗄쟷춬탔뫍뺭볃짏뗄솪쾵탔훰늽랢햹돉캪쟸폲쓚늿뗄컯쇷좦뫍컯쇷듸ꆣ 믹폚닺튵틆뫍닺튵벯뻛탎돉뗄뻖늿뺭볃퓶뎤벫뷸뛸랢햹돉캪컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸뗄뻖늿뗘쟸ꎬ뺭볃뗄랢햹뇘좻듸뚯뫍튪쟳뻖늿붻춨퓋쫤췸싧뗄랢햹ꆣ떱헢훖ퟔ랢뗄뻖늿컯쇷췸싧랢햹튻뚨돌뛈뫳펦뛔웤뷸탐맦랶뫍춳튻맦뮮ꎬ틔웚룼뫃뗄듙뷸뻖늿뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ싺ퟣ뻖늿닺튵벯뻛쟸쓚웳튵뛔컯쇷럾컱뗄튪쟳ꎬ춬쪱뮹뿉듙뷸뻖늿뗘쟸폫헻룶쟸폲쓚웤쯻뗘쟸볤풴뗄붻쇷붻뮻ꆣ 닺튵벯뻛탎돉뗄컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸ꎬ웤쓚늿컯쇷릦쓜훷튪싺ퟣ뻖늿쟸폲쓚솪쾵쏜쟐뗄닺튵짏쿂폎웳튵볤풭닄쇏ꆢ쇣늿볾벰냫돉욷믲닺돉욷뗄퓋쫤ꆣ웤쳘뗣쫇퓋쫤뻠샫뛌ꎬ욵싊룟ꎬ쪱킧탔잿ꎬ퓋쫤훷튪틔릫슷퓋쫤캪훷ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뛔컯쇷좦쓚늿붻춨퓋쫤췸싧늼뻖펦훘뗣랢햹릫슷퓋쫤ꎬ룹뻝컯쇷좦쓚늿닺튵럖늼쟩뿶틔벰늻춬캻훃컯쇷탨쟳ힴ뿶뛔쓚늿컯쇷췸싧뷸탐뗷헻뫍붨짨ꆣ (2)붨솢맡뒩컯쇷좦횮볤뗄붻춨뚯싶 컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸ퟷ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄ퟓ쾵춳ꎬ탨튪늻뛏폫뫋탄돇쫐틔벰훜뇟컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸뷸탐컯훊ꆢ풴뫍쓜솿뗄붻뮻ꎬ퓚싺ퟣퟔ짭뻖늿컯쇷럾컱튪쟳뗄춬쪱튲탨튪늻뛏폫췢뷧뷸탐릵춨뫍붻쇷ꆣ틲듋ꎬ캪쇋볓쯙쟸폲쓚늿늻춬컯쇷좦횮볤뗄솪쾵ꎬ쳡룟풴퓚쟸폲쓚늿틆뗄킧싊ꎬ펦퓚쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸횮볤뗄붨솢붻춨뚯싶ꎬ돉캪늻춬ퟓ쾵춳횮볤릵춨뗄쟅솺ꆣ늻춬ퟓ쾵춳볤붻춨뚯싶뗄붨솢튲뻍릹돉쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵쟸폲컯쇷붻춨췸싧쾵춳맇볜ꆣ 뒦폚춬튻뺭볃쟸폲쓚뗄늻춬컯쇷좦횮볤ꎬ틲웤뺭볃랢햹뗄쿠맘탔뫍닺튵늼뻖뗄맘솪탔ꎬ컯쇷좦폫컯쇷좦횮볤뗄솪쾵늻뛏퓶잿ꆣ뛸폎샫폚쿠쇚솽룶컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸횮볤뗄샫즢뗄컯쇷뷚뗣ꎬ쯦뺭볃뗄랢햹뫍뷚뗣횮볤뺭볃벰닺튵솪쾵뗄늻뛏퓶잿ꎬ믲헟훰늽죚죫훜캧컯쇷좦ꎬ믲헟냩쯦ퟔ짭뺭볃쪵솦뫍닺튵쓽뻛솦뗄볓듳늻뛏컼뢽쇙뷼뗄럖즢컯쇷뷚뗣ퟩ돉탂뗄컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸ꆣ 컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸횮볤뗄쿟슷퓋쫤폫컯쇷좦쓚퓋쫤ퟮ듳뗄늻춬쫇웤ퟷ캪컯쇷좦쓚늿풴붻쇷뗄쏅뮧ꎬ뻟폐퓋쫤솿듳ꎬ퓋쫤뻠샫뎤ꎬ퓋쫤쪱볤뎤뗈쳘뗣ꆣ튻냣컯쇷좦횮볤뗄붻춨튪뗀틔쳺슷뫍룟쯙릫슷캪훷ꎬ늿럖쓚늿쓚뫓몽퓋랢듯뗘쟸튲뿉 29
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쓜틔쮮슷퓋쫤캪훷ꆣ쟸폲쓚늿퓋쫤뚯싶뗄붨짨펦돤럖풤닢뫍움볛쟸폲쓚늿늻춬컯쇷좦퓋쫤쫽솿뫍퓋쫤닺욷쳘탔벰랽쿲ꎬ퓚돤럖뗷뷚뫍뗷헻틑폐쿟슷뗄믹뒡짏뷸탐탂쿟슷뗄워짨ꎬ돤럖샻폃쟸폲쓚늿틑폐컯쇷붻춨췸싧풴ꆣ (3)퇓짬쟸폲쓚붻춨뚯싶폫훜뇟쟸폲붨솢솴뷓 뺭볃쟸폲폫췢뷧붨솢솴뷓뗄붻춨퓋쫤ꎬ컞싛쫇쳺슷ꆢ룟쯙릫슷뮹쫇몣뫓몽퓋ꎬ튻냣뚼쫇퓚좫맺춳튻맦뮮쿂랢햹웰살뗄ꎬ튲쫇냩쯦쟸폲뺭볃랢햹튻춬돉뎤뗄ꆣ쟸폲폫췢늿뗄붻춨솪쾵췹췹쫇쟸폲뺭볃랢햹폫췢뷧늻뛏뷸탐컯훊쓜솿붻뮻뗄닺컯ꎬ쫇쫊펦쟸폲뺭볃랢햹쯹닉좡뗄듫쪩ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ쟸폲붻춨뗄랢햹췹췹훍뫳폚쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬퟜ쫇퓚쟸폲붻춨늻쓜쫊펦쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄쟩뿶돶쿖뫳ꎬ닅뛔쟸폲붻춨뷸탐뗷헻ꎬ믲붫풭폐쿟슷뷸탐퇓짬ꎬ믲훘탂워짨탂뗄붻춨룉뗀ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쟸폲붻춨뚯싶붨짨펦튻룄풭폐붻춨랢햹실뫳폚뺭볃랢햹뗄ힴ뿶ꎬ웤맇룉붻춨쿟슷펦퓚돤럖샻폃뫍뾼솿풭폐붻춨쿟슷뫍캴살쟸폲쓚늿붻춨퓋쫤랢햹쟷쫆뗄믹뒡짏뷸탐춳튻맦뮮ꆣ쟸폲쓚늿폫췢뷧붨솢솪쾵뗄랽쪽훷튪쫇춨맽쟸폲쓚늿맇룉퓋쫤뗀슷뗄쿲췢퇓짬ꎬ믲퓚쟸폲쓚늿붨솢탂뗄룛뿚싫춷벰믺뎡짨쪩ꆣ퓚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폫쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뫍킳릲펮뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ춨맽뛔쟸폲뺭볃랢햹벰쟸폲컯쇷솿뗄풤닢ꎬ춨맽뛔쟸폲쓚늿붻춨췸싧뗄쳡잰맦뮮붨짨ꎬ냑쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨돉캪췆뚯뫍듸뚯쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄뚯솦풴좪횮튻ꆣ 볈좻쯹폐뗄맦뮮뚼쫇믹폚뺭볃랢햹캪뺭볃랢햹럾컱뗄ꎬ쓇쎴쫗쿈컯쇷뷚뗣뗄맦뮮훘뗣뾼싇뷚뗣돇쫐뗄컯쇷솿틔벰뺭볃랢햹쟩뿶ꎬ웤붻춨뿉틔ퟷ캪뫳쏦맦뮮뗄튻룶늹돤틲쯘ꆣ웤듎ꎬ컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩뗄췸싧늼뻖튲쫇럾듓럾컱폚뺭볃랢햹뫍컯쇷뷚뗣돇쫐랢햹뗄ꎬ틲듋ꎬ퓚뷚뗣닣듎쿠뷼ꎬ쟒훘튪뗄뷚뗣돇쫐볤릹붨쏜벯릫슷퓋쫤췸싧ꎬ탎돉컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸ꎬ뛸퓚컯쇷좦횮믲컯쇷듸횮볤ꎬ릹훾틔쳺슷뫍룟쯙릫슷캪훷쳥뗄붻춨룉뗀ꎬ뛔웤뷸탐솴뷓ꆣ춬쪱쿠쯆뗄췸싧뷚뗣ꆢ뗘샭캻훃쿠쇚뗄뷚뗣ꎬ웤뇘좻듦퓚닺튵뗄벯좺쿖쿳ꆣ퓙헟ꎬ퓚횸뇪톡좡뗄맽돌훐ꎬ볓죫쟸폲훆퓬튵랢햹뗄틲쯘ꎬ틲캪룃쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳놾훊쫇캪쟸폲훆퓬튵럾컱뗄ꆣ 웤쪵컯쇷뷚뗣맦뮮훐컯쇷솿뗄컯쇷뷚뗣톡좡훐틑뺭냼몬쇋맘폚뗘폲붻춨쾵춳뗄탅쾢ꎬ뷚뗣늼뻖뿉틔쫓캪웳튵ퟛ뫏룷훖틲쯘뷸탐톡퓱뗄맽돌ꎬ쫇튻룶ퟔ좻랢햹뗄맽돌ꎬ뛸럇죋캪맦뚨뗄ꆣ 탅쾢욽첨 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨쫇쾵춳쓚췢늿릵춨뗄쎽뷩ꎬ틲듋ꎬ놾킡뷚뷡뫏뻟쳥쟸폲뗄쪵볊탨쟳쟩뿶ꎬ릹붨돶싺ퟣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹탨쟳뗄탅쾢욽첨ꆣ 30
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 391.믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄탨쟳럖컶 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨펦폃랶캧ꎬ평폚웤“쳘쫢탔”ꎬ퓚맦뮮쪱늻뷶튪뾼싇떽컯쇷쾵춳훐룷룶닣쏦뗄탨쟳ꎬ뛸쟒튪뾼싇떽훆퓬닺튵쾵춳룷룶닣쏦뗄탨쟳ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄닎폫훷쳥뫍럾컱뛔쿳돽쇋헾뢮늿쏅뫍컯쇷웳튵ꎬ뮹폐뿍뮧ꎨ맘볼뿍뮧——훆퓬웳튵ꎬ컯쇷럾컱뗄탨쟳랽ꎩꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄닎폫훷쳥뫍럾컱뛔쿳죧뇭쯹쪾ꆣ 뇭 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄닎폫훷쳥뫍럾컱뛔쿳 헾뢮 헾뢮횰쓜늿쏅뫍탐튵맜샭늿쏅 컯쇷웳튵 뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵ꆢ퓋쫤웳튵ꆢ닖뒢웳튵뗈 뿍뮧 탂탍훆퓬웳튵ꎨ맘볼뿍뮧ꎩꆢ짌튵웳튵ꆢ웤쯻 2.믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄ퟜ쳥쮼슷 뒫춳틢틥짏뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨듓ퟝ쿲뷇뛈뮮럖캪풰쟸벶ꆢ훐탄벶뫍웳튵벶40죽룶닣듎ꎬퟜ쳥뿲볜쫇퓚“풰쟸벶”탅쾢욽첨짏뛔컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄뫡쿲웊컶ꆣ뛸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ꎬ폫뒫춳틢틥짏뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨쿠뇈ꎬ41퓶쳭쇋뛔쟸폲쓚췢닺튵탅쾢욽첨뗄릹훾ꆣ 뻟쳥뛸퇔ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨평릫릲탅쾢욽첨ꆢ컯쇷풰쟸탅쾢욽첨ꆢ탐튵탅쾢욽첨ꎨ냼삨컯쇷튵뫍훆퓬튵뗄쿠맘닺튵탅쾢ꎩ뫍웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ퟩ돉뗄췸ힴ뷡릹ꎬ웤훐쟸폲릫릲탅쾢욽첨쫇훐탄ꆣ풰쟸탅쾢욽첨쫇뻖늿뗄(풰쟸쓚컯쇷웳튵)ꎻ탐튵탅쾢욽첨ꎨ냼삨컯쇷튵뫍훆퓬튵뗄쿠맘닺튵탅쾢ꎩ튵탔뷏잿ꎬ뛔헻뫏탐튵풴뻟폐튻뚨ퟷ폃ꆣ웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨쫇헫뛔뻟쳥쒳튻컯쇷웳튵뗄ꆣ쟸폲릫릲탅쾢욽첨럾컱폚풰쟸탅쾢욽첨ꆢ탐튵탅쾢욽첨뫍웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ꎬ뛸풰쟸탅쾢욽첨ꆢ탐튵탅쾢욽첨뫍웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄웳튵쿠맘쫽뻝탅쾢럾컱폚릫릲탅쾢욽첨ꎬ쯄헟쫇튻룶폐믺뗄헻쳥ꆣ 웳튵쳥쾵 쿖듺컯쇷웳튵쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄퓘쳥ꎬ쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뿆 39훜뫬쏄ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷탅쾢욽첨맦뮮폫풴헻뫏[J]ꎮ컯쇷벼쫵ꎬ2005(8)ꎺ33-36ꎮ 40쓾랽뮪ꎮ뗧ퟓ짌컱훐훆퓬튵뗄컯쇷닟싔[J]ꎮ훆퓬튵ퟔ뚯뮯ꎬ2004(5)ꎺ22-25ꎮ 41짲ꎬ몫뒫럥ꎮ믹폚헻뫏뗄컯쇷탅쾢욽첨릹붨[J]ꎮ훆퓬튵ퟔ뚯뮯ꎬ2006(11)ꎺ16-19ꎮ 31
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 톧쓚몭뗄벯훐쳥쿖ꆣ틲듋ꎬ릹붨“틔죋캪놾ꆢ뗀슷쿈탐ꆢ닺튵쟽뚯ꆢ탅쾢헻뫏ꆢ킭춬뷸뮯”뗄웳튵쳥쾵뻍쫇뛔훆퓬웳튵훐컯쇷럾컱튵뮯ꆢ튻쳥뮯뫍벯훐뮯튪쟳쯹ퟶ돶뗄랴펦ꆣ 뛸싺ퟣ쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄쟸폲컯쇷럾컱뗄쳡릩헟훷튪듦퓚틔쿂벸훖샠탍ꎺ튻쫇훆퓬웳튵컯쇷ꎬ평훆퓬튵ퟔ짭쳡릩짺닺뺭펪랶캧쓚뗄컯쇷럾컱ꎬ춬쪱뮹뿉틔붫쪣폠뗄컯쇷럾컱뷸탐뛔췢럾컱ꎻ뛾쫇튵뮯뗄뗚죽랽컯쇷ꎬ벯훐폚쒳튻랽쏦뗄컯쇷튵컱쳡릩튵뮯럾컱ꎻ죽쫇튻쳥뮯컯쇷뷢뻶랽낸쳡릩짌——뗚쯄랽컯쇷ꆣ죽훖컯쇷럾컱쳡릩헟횻폐쿠뮥럖릤ꆢ쿠뮥뫏ퟷ닅쓜릻볈쓜놣헏쟸폲뺭볃랢햹ꎬ폖쪹뗃컯쇷풴뗃떽뫏샭뗄럖엤뫍쪹폃ꎬ쳡룟뺭볃퓋탐뗄ퟜ쳥훊솿ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷웳튵뗄랢햹ꎬ펦뛔쟸폲쓚늿훆퓬튵ퟔ폐컯쇷ꆢ뗚죽랽컯쇷틔벰뗚쯄랽컯쇷뷸탐폐킧틽떼뫏샭럖릤ꎬ맄샸탂탍훆퓬웳튵볤컯쇷뗄헻뫏뫍컯쇷솪쏋뗄붨솢ꎬ엠폽럻뫏탂탍훆퓬웳튵컯쇷럾컱튪쟳뗄뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵뫍뗚쯄랽컯쇷웳튵ꆣ듋췢ꎬ뮹펦뛔컯쇷훐뷩틔벰컯쇷럾컱쿠맘뗄뷰죚늿쏅뷸탐솪뫏ꎬ쪹뗃헦헽틢틥짏뗄튻쳥뮯컯쇷럾컱쳥쾵뿬쯙탎돉ꆣ 32
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗚쯄헂 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄퓋탐믺훆 죎뫎쾵춳뚼쫇평뻟폐쿠맘맘쾵뗄튪쯘릹돉뗄폐믺헻쳥ꎬ룷튪쯘내헕튻뚨뗄맦퓲ퟩ뫏돉룷훖맘쾵ꎬ룷튪쯘볤뗄쿠뮥맘쾵쫇쾵춳삵틀듦퓚뗄믹뒡ꎬ튲쫇쾵춳뗃틔탎돉뗄룹놾풭틲ꎬ춬쪱튲쫇쾵춳쓜헽뎣퓋ퟷ뗄믺훆쯹퓚ꆣ뛸ꆰ믺훆ꆱ튻듊쫇삭뚡컄ꆰmechanismaꆱ뗄틢틫ꎬ쯼풭횸믺웷뗄릹퓬뫍뚯ퟷ풭샭ꎬ쿖퓚쯼놻맣랺뗘폃살뇈폷쫂컯퓋뚯훐룷룶ퟩ돉늿럖뗄뷡릹ꆢ릦쓜퓋탐랽쪽틔벰쯼쏇횮볤쿠뮥솪쾵뫍쿠뮥훆풼뗄맘쾵ꆣ듓쾵춳뿆톧뗄뷇뛈살뾴ꎬ믺훆쪵볊짏뻍쫇쾵춳퓋뚯삵틔짺듦뗄컯훊뷡릹ꆢ뚯틲뫍뿘훆랽쪽ꎬ쫇쾵춳캪캬돖웤잱퓚릦쓜늢쪹횮돉캪쳘뚨뗄릦쓜뛸틔튻뚨뗄맦퓲맦랶쾵춳쓚룷ퟩ돉튪쯘볤뗄솪쾵ꆢ뗷뷚쾵춳폫뮷뺳맘쾵뗄랽쪽벰웤뗷42뷚풭샭ꆣ 잰튻헂뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳닣듎릹붨뷸탐쇋짮죫퇐뺿ꎬ튪쪹헢훖맦뮮뗃틔실쪵ꎬ뇘탫폐쿠펦뗄퓋탐믺훆살횧독쯼뗄닣듎릹붨ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퓚뛔뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆풭샭럖컶뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ놾헂붫듓퓋탐뷡릹ꆢ퓋탐뚯솦ꆢ퓋탐킭춬틔벰퓋탐놣헏쯄룶랽쏦좫쏦ꆢ짮죫뗘웊컶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆ꆣ 뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄풭샭폫쿖ힴ 퓚퇐뺿믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆횮잰ꎬ컒쏇폐뇘튪뛔뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뷸탐좫쏦뗄죏쪶ꎬ틔뇣캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄퇐뺿쳡릩틀뻝ꆣ뒫춳틢틥짏뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳죔좻듦퓚ퟅ쯼만폐뗄퓋탐믺훆ꎬ틔좷놣웤쿲잰랢햹ꆣ 쓚몭폫쳘헷 ꆰ믺훆ꆱ튻듊틽짬폚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꎬ벴쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆쫇횸쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿룷릹돉튪쯘횮볤쿠뮥솪쾵ꆢ쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆢ쿠뮥훆풼ꎬ듓뛸췆뚯쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿솼탔퓋뗄믹놾탎쪽뫍솪뚯킧펦ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆쫇냑쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟷ캪튻룶폐믺쾵춳ꆢ튻룶퓋뚯맽돌뷸탐룅삨뗄ꆣ쯼쏨쫶쇋쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿폫컯쇷믮뚯폐맘뗄룷룶뮷뷚벰웤쯹뒦뗄뮷뺳틲쯘ꎬ냼삨헾뢮맜샭훆뛈ꆢ헾닟쳵샽뫍쿠맘쳵볾횮볤뗄쿠뮥솪쾵ꆢ쿠뮥훆풼ꎬ듓뛸랢믓쳘뚨릦쓜뗄퓋탐맽돌ꆣ 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆퓚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿룷ퟓ쾵춳틔벰룷튪쯘횮볤뗄퓋맽돌훐훷튪뇭쿖돶틔쿂쳘헷ꎺ 42췵뎤쟭ꎮ컯쇷쾵춳릤돌[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ훐맺컯돶냦짧ꎬ2004ꎺ94-95ꎮ 33
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 1.뿍맛탔 뻍믺훆놾짭살쮵ꎬ쯼폐ퟔ짭뗄늻쯦죋뗄훷맛틢횾캪틆뗄랢햹맽돌뫍퓋탐맦싉ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뺡맜쪱뿌쫜떽룷훖췢늿벰쓚늿뮷뺳쳵볾뗄훆풼ꆢ펰쿬ꎬ떫웤뿍맛탔쫇늻쓜놻룄뇤뗄ꆣ틲듋ꎬ컒쏇뇘탫죏쪶웤뿍맛탔훊ꎬퟱ톭퓋탐맽돌훐뗄맦싉ꎬ닅쓜쪹쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿룷쿮릤ퟷ쮳샻뾪햹ꆣ 2.뚯첬탔 쾵춳쓚늿튪쯘뺲첬솪쾵뗄쫇뷡릹ꎬ쾵춳쓚늿튪쯘뫍뮷뷚뚯첬솪쾵뗄쫇믺훆ꆣ헢쮵쏷쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뻟폐쿔훸뗄뚯첬탔ꎬ쯼뻶뚨쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄퓋뚯ힴ첬ꎬ춬쪱ꎬ쯼튲틀뻝쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿쳵볾폫췢늿뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯ꎬ뛸늻뛏뇤룯ퟔ짭뗄퓋뚯ힴ첬ꆣ튪ힼ좷냑컕쯼튲뻍탨튪듓퓋뚯뗄맛뗣돶랢냑컕웤쪵훊ꎬ듓뛸틔랢햹뗄퇛맢뾴듽믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쒿뇪ꆢ랽헫헾닟뫍맜샭훆뛈뗈랽쏦뗄컊쳢ꆣ 3.솪뚯탔 쟸폲컯쇷놾짭쫇튻룶쾵춳ꎬퟷ캪쾵춳뗄ퟩ돉돉럖쫇내헕쾵춳뗄뷡릹랽쪽쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆢ쿠뮥늹돤ꆢ쿠뮥훆풼뗄ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆헽쫇맡뒩폚쿠뮥틀삵ꆢ쿠뮥솪쾵뗄쟸폲컯쇷룷ퟓ쾵춳횮훐랢믓ퟷ폃뗄ꎬ룷ퟓ쾵춳퓚탔훊뫍릦쓜짏뗄뇤뮯튲믡펰쿬뫍훆풼웤쯻ퟓ쾵춳믮뚯뗄뾪햹뫍릦쓜뗄랢믓ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐죎뫎뻶닟폫듫쪩뚼펦쓉죫쾵춳뗄퇐뺿횮훐ꎬ룄룯튪“엤쳗”뷸탐ꆣ 4.닣듎탔 쾵춳뷡릹벰퓋뚯뗄뛠닣듎탔ꆢ붻듭탔뫍뢴뫏탔뻶뚨쇋퓋탐쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳믺훆뻟폐닣듎탔ꆣ 뷡릹폫릦쓜 뷡릹폫릦쓜쫇쾵춳뿆톧퇐뺿뗄훘튪쓚죝ꎬ쾵춳뿆톧뻍쫇듓쾵춳뗄뷡릹폫릦쓜43뗄맛뗣돶랢퇐뺿헻룶쫀뷧ꆣ뷡릹쫇쾵춳쓚늿훮튪쯘쿠뮥솪쾵믲쿠뮥ퟷ폃뗄랽쪽ꆣ쯼훷튪횸쾵춳훮튪쯘퓚쪱볤ꆢ뿕볤ꆢ죋볊볤틔벰웤쯻맣틥뿕볤훐뗄쿠뛔캻훃뫍퓚늻춬탔쓜랽쏦뗄쿠뮥듮엤ꎬ벴쿠뮥볤뗄솪뷡랽쪽ꆣ릦쓜쫇쾵춳쒿뗄뗃틔쪵쿖뗄킧맻ꎬ쫇쾵춳퓚폫췢뷧뮷뺳쿠뮥ퟷ폃뫍쿠뮥솪쾵훐뇭쿖돶살뗄탔훊ꆢ쓜솦뫍릦킧ꎬ쯼뇭듯쇋쒿뗄쾵춳뗄믮뚯ꎬ쫇폫뷡릹쿠뛔펦뗄랶돫ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퇐뺿쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뷡릹폫릦쓜뗄쒿뗄ꎬ퓚폚춨맽뇤룯쾵춳뷡릹믲헟믺훆틔쳡룟믲룄뇤쾵춳뗄릦쓜ꎬ듓뛸랢믓룼듳뗄ퟩ횯킧펦ꆣ 43짪훙펢ꎮ쾵춳훐뗄뷡릹폫릦쓜[J]ꎮ헜톧퇐뺿ꎬ1983(2)ꎺ33-36ꎮ 34
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 1.쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄뷡릹탔쳘헷 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿ퟩ횯뷡릹뗄뫏샭탔뻶뚨ퟩ횯뗄킧싊뫍릦쓜ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퇐뺿뫍쇋뷢쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄뷡릹탔쳘뗣쪮럖뇘튪ꆣ (1)컈뚨탔 뛔폚튻룶쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꎬ웤뷡릹뗄쿠뛔컈뚨탔쫇웤랢햹뗄훘튪쳵볾ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓚탎돉맽돌훐믡늻뛏뷸탐ퟓ쾵춳뗄뫏늢폫뺫볲ꆢ튪쯘뗄뗷헻뗈튻쾵쇐뇤뮯ꎬ헢쪱쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뒦폚튻룶늻컈뚨뗄뗷헻웚ꎬ뺭맽튻뛎쪱볤쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폖믡뷸죫튻룶쿠뛔컈뚨뗄ힴ첬ꆣ쟸폲맜샭늿쏅ꆢ쿠맘ퟓ쾵춳뫍폐맘퓋탐훷쳥믡뒦폚튻훖폐탲뗄퓋탐ힴ첬훐ꆣ (2)헻쳥탔 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쫇평돐떣뷇즫룷늻쿠춬뗄ퟓ쾵춳쯹ퟩ돉ꎬ쎿룶ퟓ쾵춳뚼쫇늻뿉믲좱뗄ꎬ좱짙죎뫎튻룶ퟓ쾵춳ꎬ뇘좻믡펰쿬헻쳥퓋탐킧맻ꆣ뛔폚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뻍쫇튪듓헻쳥듳뻖돶랢ꎬ붨솢뫏샭뗄ퟩ횯뷡릹랽쪽틔닺짺헽뗄뷡릹킧펦ꎬ헻쳥듳폚늿럖횮뫍ꎬ벴ꆰ1+1>2ꆱ뗄킧펦ꎬ듓뛸랢믓쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳헻쳥릦쓜ꎬ쪹쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳듓컯쇷럾컱쓜솦랽쏦뗈탎돉헻쳥솦솿ꎬ쪵쿖쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뗄쒿뇪ꆣ (3)폐믺탔 퓚쿖듺짧믡훐ꎬ평폚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릦쓜뛠퇹뮯ꎬ뮷뺳뇤뮯죕틦톸쯙ꎬ폫짧믡뗄솪쾵죕틦뷴쏜ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳튪룹뻝짧믡탨튪뛔쯹퓋펪뗄믮뚯뷸탐뗷헻믲헟뒴탂ꆣ틲뛸ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟩ횯췸싧뷡릹뗄쫊펦탔ꆢ쇩믮탔ꆢ믺뚯탔탨튪뗃떽뫜듳룄뷸ꎬ뇘탫퓚쮲쾢췲뇤뗄짧믡훐볓잿쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟩ횯쫊펦탔뫍쇩믮탔ꎬ틔펦뛔뮷뺳듸살뗄믺폶뫍쳴햽ꆣ 2.쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄릦쓜럖컶 뛔폚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆컒쏇펦헒떽웤샭싛믹뒡ꎬ듓뛸룼볓폐킧뗘랢믓웤릦쓜ꎬ살듙뷸쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄솼탔퓋ꆣ뛸쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄릦쓜쫇횸쯼쯹뻟폐뗄횰쓜뫍ퟷ폃ꎬ쯼춨맽쟸폲컯쇷뗄퓋탐ힴ첬벰웤뇤뮯뇭쿖돶살ꆣ퓚뷏캪돩쿳ꆢ룅삨뗄닣듎짏ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄훷튪릦쓜뿉틔맩쓉캪솪쾵릦쓜ꆢ뗷44뷚릦쓜ꆢ풴엤훃릦쓜뫍뚯솦릦쓜ꆣ (1)솪쾵릦쓜 솪쾵쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐뗄ퟓ쾵춳춨맽솪쾵폐믺뷡뫏웰살ꎬ쯼쏇횮볤쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆢ쿠뮥훆풼ꎬ쪹쟸폲컯쇷탎돉췪헻뗄춳튻쳥ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿돉늿럖쿠뮥ퟷ폃뗄랽쪽폫랽램ꎬ쿠뮥횮볤솪쾵뗄뷴쏜뫍쯉즢뚼뛔쟸폲컯쇷헻쳥퓋탐폐뫜듳펰쿬ꆣ (2)뗷뷚릦쓜 44훬솢쓏ꎮ쫀뷧뺭볃퓋탐믺훆[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ훐맺죋쏱듳톧돶냦짧ꎬ1993ꎺ22ꎮ 35
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 퓋탐믺훆샻폃쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿룷ퟓ쾵춳ꆢ룷튪쯘볤뗄맘쾵뷸탐뚯첬뗷뷚ꎬ춨맽룄뇤튪쯘ퟷ폃랽쪽ꆢ뷡릹뗈뗷헻쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐ힴ첬ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뗷뷚릦쓜틔솪쾵릦쓜캪잰쳡뫍믹뒡ꎬ뗷뷚쓜솦좡뻶폚솪쾵릦쓜뗄췪짆돌뛈ꆣ (3)풴엤훃릦쓜 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆튻룶훘튪뗄ퟷ폃뇣쫇ퟔ뚯뗷뷚풴뗄뫏샭쇷뚯폫럖엤ꎬ쪹쓚늿풴뗃떽ퟮ듳돌뛈쪹폃ꎬ랢믓웤ퟮ듳킧틦ꆣ룷ퟓ쾵춳뒦폚쿠뮥훆풼ꆢ쿠뮥ퟷ폃뗄뮥뚯ힴ첬훐ꎬ춨맽뗷뿘뿉틔쪹튻룶ퟓ쾵춳뗄풴뫏샭폐킧뗘쿲쇭튻룶ퟓ쾵춳ꎬ듓뛸듙뷸쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳룷ퟓ쾵춳킭뗷랢햹ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄풴엤훃릦쓜퓚킭뗷룷ퟓ쾵춳샻틦뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ뗷헻폅뮯쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿풴ꎬ듓뛸쪹웤므랢돶잰쯹캴폐뗄짺믺ꆣ (4)뚯솦릦쓜 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뻟폐쪹쾵춳돤싺믮솦뗄뚯솦릦쓜ꆣ튻랽쏦ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뇘탫폫췢늿짧믡뮷뺳늻뛏뷸탐탅쾢ꆢ컯훊ꆢ쓜솿뗄붻뮻ꆣ퓚럢뇕ힴ첬쿂ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쫇늻쓜쟳뗃짺듦폫랢햹뗄ꎬ톸쯙뛸쇩믮뗘쫊펦뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳늻뛏랢햹뗄뇘튪쳵볾ꎻ쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿춨맽룄뇤ퟩ횯뷡릹ꆢ맦쒣듳킡ꆢ죋풱뇤뮯살퓶잿ퟩ횯쓚늿뗄믮솦ꆣ헽쫇쾵춳뗄ퟔퟩ횯ꆢퟔ쫊펦뗄쳘탔ꎬ쪹쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폀풶뒦폚퓋뚯ꆢ쿲잰랢햹뗄ힴ첬횮훐ꆣ 쳵볾폫쿖ힴ 퓚죏쪶쇋뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄쓚몭폫쳘헷ꆢ뷡릹폫릦쓜횮뫳ꎬ튪죃쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆헦헽랢믓ퟷ폃ꎬ뮹뇘탫뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆랢믓ퟷ폃뗄쿠맘쳵볾틔벰웤랢믓ퟷ폃뗄쿖ힴ뷸탐좫쏦ꆢ짮죫뗄럖컶ꆣ 1.쿠맘쳵볾 쏦뛔듭ퟛ뢴퓓뗄췢늿뮷뺳ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳춨맽“뇦쪶”쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄쟽뚯뫍ퟨ낭틲쯘폫“쇋뷢”쟸폲뗄탂뗄컯쇷뮷뺳ꎬ듓뛸럖컶펰쿬ퟔ짭랢햹뗄룷훖컊쳢ꎬ샭쮳룷훖맘쾵ꎬ늻뛏헹좡뫍뒴퓬쫊뫏ퟔ짭뗄솼뫃쳵볾뫍뮷뺳ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퓚짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆쿂쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄붨솢ꎬ맘볼뗄쳵볾쫇ꎺ 튻쫇탎돉뛀솢뗄쟸폲컯쇷쪵쳥ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉캪뛀솢뗄쪵쳥ꎬ헢쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄ퟮ믹놾뗄쳵볾ꆣ뛸쯹캽뛀솢뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쪵쳥쫇횸퓚헾뢮폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄맘쾵짏ꎬ쪵탐쯹폐좨폫맜샭좨럖샫ꎬ퓚맺볒뗄랽헫ꆢ헾닟뗄횸떼쿂ꎬ퓚램싉ꆢ램쇮탭뿉뗄랶캧쓚ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿뗄퓋탐훷쳥헦헽좷솢뻟폐뺭펪ퟔ훷좨뗄뛀솢뗘캻ꎬ펵폐돤럖뗄뺭펪ퟔ훷좨ꆣ 뛾쫇붨솢뿆톧뗄쓚늿맜샭쳥훆ꆣ믺훆폫쳥훆폐ퟅ쓚퓚뗄솪쾵ꎬ듦퓚ퟅ뮥쿠틀삵ꆢ뇋듋잿뮯뗄맘쾵ꆣ튻뚨뗄믺훆쫇퓚튻뚨뗄쳥훆쿂탎돉뗄ꎬ쳥훆뗄늻엤쳗붫믡 36
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 퓬돉믺훆릹돉늿럖볤뗄쎬뛜ꎬ쿠뮥뗖쿻릦쓜ꎬ퓬돉릦쓜탔컉싒ꆣ틲듋ꎬ붨솢뿆톧폐킧뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿맜샭쳥훆쫇퓋탐믺훆헽뎣퓋탐뗄믹뒡ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쪵탐뗄쫇쟸폲헾뢮쇬떼쿂뗄늻춬샠뇰컯쇷떥캻뢺퓰훆ꎬ쯦ퟅ짧믡뗄쏱훷뮯ꆢ짧믡뮯뷸돌랢햹ꎬ컒쏇튪냑늻춬샠뇰컯쇷떥캻뢺퓰훆폫벯쳥쇬떼쿠뮥째춸ꎬ쿠뮥늹돤ꆣ 2.쿖ힴ럖컶 컒맺컯쇷닺튵냩쯦룄룯뾪럅뗄늽랥ꎬ뺭맽뛾쪮뛠쓪뗄랢햹ꎬ틑뺭돵뻟맦쒣ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ춬랢듯맺볒컯쇷닺튵쿠뇈뷏ꎬ컒맺컯쇷닺튵뮹쿠뛔실뫳ꎬ튻킩뇗뛋훰붥쿔쿖ꆣ쳘뇰쫇퓚컒맺볓죫WTO틔살ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐쏷쿔놩슶돶실뫳뫍늻쫊펦뗄쇓쫆ꆣ 튻쫇컒맺컯쇷닺튵쫐뎡믺훆늻붡좫ꎬ좱랦룟킧뗄쿖듺컯쇷쳥쾵ꆣ쿖듺컯쇷닺튵짦벰쓚쎳ꆢ췢쎳ꆢ쳺뗀ꆢ붻춨뗈뛠룶늿쏅ꎬ뫡뿧퓋쫤ꆢ닖뒢ꆢힰ킶뗈늻춬뗄탐튵뫍뗘쟸ꆣ헢뻍뇘좻튪쟳춨맽붨솢헾뢮늿쏅볤뗄ퟛ뫏킭뗷믺훆ꎬ릹붨춳튻ꆢ룟킧뗄쿖듺컯쇷쳥쾵ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ쫜볆뮮뺭볃틔벰컯쇷닺튵웰늽췭뗈틲쯘뗄펰쿬ꎬ쒿잰ꎬ컒맺컯쇷닺튵쪵볊짏뒦폚쳵뿩럖룮뗄맜샭쳥훆ꎬ컯쇷닺튵뗄맜샭좨쿞놻럖룮퓚죴룉룶늿쏅뫍뗘쟸ꎬ룷늿쏅뫍뗘쟸ퟔ돉쳥쾵ꆢퟔ컒맜샭ꎬ쪹뗃늿쏅횮볤ꆢ뗘쟸횮볤뗄좨샻뫍퓰죎쿠뮥훘뗾ꎬ컞램탎돉폐킧뫏ퟷ뫍킭뗷랢햹뗄쿖듺컯쇷닺튵쳥쾵ꆣ퓚쿖듺컯쇷쳥쾵좱캻뗄놳뺰쿂ꎬ컯쇷풴컞램뗃떽뿆톧ꆢ폐킧뗄춳튻엤훃ꎬퟨ낭컯쇷닺튵뗄뷸튻늽랢햹ꆣ 뛾쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆좱랦뛔펰쿬웤랢믓ퟷ폃뗄틲쯘뫍햽싔뗄퇐뺿ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ맺쓚뫜짙폐쟸폲헾뢮돉솢쏅뗄뿧뗘쟸솪뫏볒킡ퟩ춨맽뇦쪶쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄쟽뚯뫍ퟨ낭틲쯘틔벰쇋뷢쟸폲뗄탂뗄컯쇷뮷뺳ꎬ살쳡돶쫊뫏쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄슷뺶톡퓱ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퓚좱랦뛔펰쿬쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄틲쯘뫍햽싔뷸탐퇐뺿뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뫜쓑랢믓웤펦룃랢믓뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ 죽쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐좱랦춳튻뗄맦뮮횸떼ꆣ맺쓚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뛠쓪살폐뫜뛠쟸폲탔뗄킭틩ꎬ떫평폚좱랦쟸폲탔뗄컯쇷뫍퓋쫤췸싧춳튻뗄맦뮮ꎬ틲듋쯻쏇뗄헻뫏횻쫇좡뗃쇋늿럖돉릦ꆣ뛸쪵볊짏ꎬ쒿잰뗄쟸폲컯쇷평폚웤쾵춳맦뮮뗄늻뫏샭탔ꎬ떼훂쟸폲컯쇷죔좻컞램춻웆탐헾쟸폲뮮럖뗄쫐뎡뇚생틔벰듲웆쳵뿩럖룮ꎬ튲뻍컞램듙뷸쟸폲닺튵뷡릹뗄뗷헻ꎬ컞램듙뷸쟸폲닺튵솴뗄랢햹ꆢ쳡짽쟸폲헻쳥쮮욽ꆢ잿뮯돇쫐솪쾵ꆣ헢뻍룼탨튪퓚룼뿆톧뗄컯쇷쾵춳맦뮮샭싛횧돖쿂ꎬ헦헽ퟶ떽ꆰ컞욫닮ꆱ뗘쪵쪩룷랽ꆢ룷닣쏦쟸폲컯쇷킭춬랢햹ꎬ뷨듋뗷헻쟸폲쓚늿룷뺭볃뻛벯뗣—뺭볃뻛벯듸—뺭볃뢹뗘뗈맘솪쳥쾵뗄쓚늿뷡릹ꎻ뷨듋ퟷ캪뺭볃퓋탐 37
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 45뗄믹뒡쳵볾ꎬ컯쇷돐떣웰듸뚯헻룶쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄횰쓜ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ캪쇋뷢뻶쒿잰쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐맽돌훐듦퓚뗄컊쳢ꎬ놾헂뷓쿂살붫듓퓋탐뷡릹ꆢ퓋탐뚯솦ꆢ퓋탐쾵춳ꆢ퓋탐놣헏쯄룶랽쏦뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆퇐뺿ꎬ틔좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳헽뎣퓋탐ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹 뷡릹쫇쾵춳쓚늿훮튪쯘쿠뮥솪쾵믲쿠뮥ퟷ폃뗄랽쪽ꆣ쯼훷튪횸쾵춳훮튪쯘퓚쪱볤ꆢ뿕볤ꆢ죋볊볤틔벰웤쯻맣틥뿕볤훐뗄쿠뛔캻훃뫍퓚늻춬탔쓜랽쏦뗄쿠뮥듮엤ꆣ틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹뇘좻폐뇰폚뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뷡릹ꆣ폚쫇ꎬ놾뷚붫듓튪쯘릹돉ꆢ쾵춳뷡릹틔벰쿠펦뗄횧독쳵볾살뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹퇐뺿ꎬ틔뇣믹폚쾵춳뗄맛뗣살죏쪶웤퓋탐뷡릹ꆣ 튪쯘릹돉 폫뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆쿠뇈ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄릹돉죔좻쫇뛠닣듎ꆢ뛠캬뛈뗄ꆣ웤믹놾튪쯘냼삨컯쇷훷쳥ꎨ컯쇷웳튵ꆢ컯쇷솪쏋뗈ꎩꆢ컯쇷뿍쳥ꎨ컯쇷럾컱뛔쿳——훷튪쫇훆퓬웳튵ꎩ뫍컯쇷퓘쳥ꎨ컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩ꎬ 죧쳺슷ꆢ릫슷ꆢ몽뗀뗈뫍컯쇷퓋ퟷ뗄ힰ놸ꎬ죧웻뎵ꆢ싖뒬ꆢ믰뎵뗈냡퓋짨놸뗈ꎩꆣ뛸쎿룶믹놾튪쯘폖폐웤늻춬뗄릦쓜ꆢ뷡릹뗈쾵춳쳘뗣ꆣ틲뛸ꎬ웤놾짭폖탎돉튻룶췪헻뗄ퟓ쳥쾵ꎬ뻟쳥떽쒳튻좷뚨뗄쟸폲쓚ꎬ뻍탎돉쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷튵뗄헻쳥쳥쾵뷡릹ꆣ틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뗄믹놾릹돉튪쯘평컯쇷훷쳥ꆢ컯쇷뿍쳥뫍컯쇷퓘쳥죽듳튪쯘릹돉ꆣ 죧춼쯹쪾ꎺ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐튪훷쳥튪쯘 뿍쳥튪쯘퓘쳥튪쯘 춼 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋ퟷ믹놾릹돉튪쯘 1.훷쳥튪쯘 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뗄훷쳥튪쯘쫇횸쏅캪컯쇷쫐뎡쳡릩컯쇷럾컱뗄컯쇷ퟩ횯ꎬ냼삨ꎺ뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵ꆢ퓋쫤웳튵ꆢ닖뒢웳튵뗈ꆣ헢킩웳 45맹컄탹ꎮ쟸폲뺭볃킭뗷폫뺺헹[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ뫬웬돶냦짧ꎬ2003ꎺ33ꎮ 38
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 튵뿉캪놾쟸폲ꆢ훐탄돇쫐ꆢ뿧쟸폲믲맺볊컯쇷쫐뎡ꎨ컯쇷럾컱뗄뿍쳥ꎩ쳡릩ퟛ뫏컯쇷럾컱ꆢ튵뮯컯쇷럾컱믲릦쓜탔뗄컯쇷럾컱ꎬ듓뛸탎돉뛠닣듎ꆢ뛠릦쓜ꆢ늻춬훷쳥탔훊뗄쿖듺컯쇷닺튵좺쳥ꆣ 2.뿍쳥튪쯘 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뗄뿍쳥튪쯘쫇횸컯쇷럾컱뗄탨쟳ꎬ쫇쟸폲쓚닺튵횮볤ꎨ훷튪쫇탂탍훆퓬닺튵ꎩꆢ훆퓬웳튵폫쿻럑헟횮볤뗄컯쇷럾컱탨쟳ꆣ평폚쟸폲쓚훆퓬닺튵뗄벯뻛폫럖늼ꆢ쫐뎡럖늼뗄늻춬ꎬ닺튵뗄뷡릹ꆢ닺튵볤뗄맘솪닮틬ꎬ컯욷뗄훖샠ꆢ쇷쿲ꆢ쇷솿뗄늻춬ꎬ틲듋ꎬ컯쇷럾컱뗄탨쟳쳘뗣튲늻쿠춬ꆣ헢훖닮틬뇭쿖퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷닺튵뗄릦쓜늼뻖뫍뿕볤늼뻖듦퓚닮틬뫍컯쇷럾컱쒣쪽짏뗄늻춬ꆣ평듋닺짺늻춬뗄쟸폲쿖듺컯쇷믮뚯뗄믹놾쒣쪽벰쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣샠탍ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐컥훖믹놾쒣쪽냼삨ꎺ믹폚닺튵뻛벯쟸뗄쟸폲ퟛ뫏탍컯쇷쒣쪽ꎻ믹폚닺튵솴뗄쟸폲릩펦솴튻쳥뮯ꆢ튵탍컯쇷쒣쪽ꎻ믹폚쟸폲믵컯쫠얦뗄벯놨맘ꆢ짌볬뗈럾컱ꆢ컯쇷믮뚯캪튻쳥뗄뛠릦쓜럾컱탍뗄컯쇷쒣쪽ꎻ믹폚쟸폲붻틗쫐뎡뗄붻틗럾컱ꆢ닖뒢ꆢ엤쯍탍컯쇷쒣쪽ꎻ믹폚돇쫐짌쎳엤쯍럾컱탍뗄컯쇷쒣쪽뗈ꆣ 3.퓘쳥튪쯘 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷튵퓘쳥튪쯘훷튪쫇횸쟸폲뗄붻춨믹뒡짨쪩쳵볾ꎬ헢쫇쟸폲컯쇷믮뚯뇘탫틀삵뗄뇘튪쳵볾뫍욽첨ꆣ틲듋ꎬ릫슷ꆢ쳺슷ꆢ믺뎡ꆢ 룛뿚ꆢ몽뗀뗄늼뻖폫췸싧뗄뫏샭뮯ꎬ횱뷓펰쿬쟸폲컯쇷쳥쾵뗄퓋ퟷ킧싊뫍쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣뗄뿕볤늼뻖ꆣ 쾵춳뷡릹 듓닺튵뺭볃뗄뷇뛈살럖컶ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷튵ꆢ쟸폲훆퓬튵뚼쫇쟸폲뺭볃랢햹훐늻뿉좱짙뗄훘튪뗄믹뒡탔닺튵ꆣ틲듋ꎬ닺튵헾닟벰헾닟쳥쾵쫇릹돉쟸폲쿖듺컯쇷튵쳥쾵훐뗄ퟩ돉늿럖ꆣ탅쾢쾵춳뗄붨짨ꎬ쫇쪵쿖믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷튵컯쇷믮뚯튻쳥뮯ꆢ킧싊뮯뗄뇘튪뗄탅쾢췸싧쳵볾뫍욽첨ꎬ춬퇹튲쫇릹돉믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲쿖듺컯쇷튵쳥쾵뗄ퟩ돉늿럖ꆣ틲듋ꎬ듓닺튵뗄뷇뛈살뾴ꎬ췪헻뗄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뺲첬퓋탐쳥쾵뷡릹ꎬ평“튻룶훷쳥ꎬ솽쳗쳥쾵ꎬ솽룶욽첨ꎬ컥훖쒣쪽”릹돉ꎬ죧춼쯹쪾ꎺ 39
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 컯컯쇷믹뒡 쇷엤쯍훐탄훆퓬웳튵짨쪩욽첨욽 릫닺헾첨릲튵닟틽떼탔헾닟컯쇷훐탄릤튵풰쟸욽ퟩ쳥컯쇷탅쾢 첨횯쾵훆욽첨횧돖탔헾닟 퓬닺튵벯좺컯쇷풰쟸닺랢햹탔헾닟튵탂탍훆퓬 욽닺튵탅쾢 첨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷뿕볤늼뻖쳥쾵욽첨 탂쟸탍폲훆컯뫏ퟷ춬늽퓬쇷튵튵킭뗷뮥늹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믹놾쒣쪽뫪맛헾 컯쇷믹컯쇷릩탂탍훆퓬튵닟뮷뺳 뒡쳵볾룸럖컶탨쟳럖컶닺튵믹뒡ꆢ쟸캻틔벰컯쇷튵믹뒡쳵볾춼 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹 횧독쳵볾 튪좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹쓜릻뗃틔럻뫏웤랢햹뗄쿖쪵탨쟳ꎬ맘볼뗄쫇쳡릩튻룶폫횮쿠쫊펦뗄짧믡뮷뺳ꎬ웤듎ퟔ좻뮷뺳ꆣ뻟쳥뛸퇔ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뷡릹뗄횧독쳵볾ꎺ펲볾——컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩폫죭볾——헾닟쳥쾵ꆣ뛸컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩틑뺭퓚튪쯘릹돉훐폐쯹뷩짜ꎬ틲듋ꎬ놾뷚붫듓횧돖탔헾닟ꆢ틽떼탔헾닟뫍랢햹탔헾닟죽룶랽쏦살뷩짜뗄죭탔횧독쳵볾ꆣ 횧돖탔헾닟쳥쾵횼퓚캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쳡릩튻룶랢햹뗄헾닟믹뒡ꆣ헢훷튪냼삨ꎺ맦랶컯쇷튵쫐뎡탐캪ꆢ헾뢮춶ꆢ웳튵죚ꆢ췁뗘ꆢ쮰럑ꆢ퓋쫤맜샭뗈헾닟ꎬ틔좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹붡뾵뷸뮯ꆣ 틽떼탔헾닟쳥쾵횼퓚캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쳡릩튻룶샭탔랢햹뗄헾닟뮷뺳ꆣ뻟쳥쳥쿖퓚ꎺ틽떼늻춬쟸폲컯쇷닺튵뗄뫏샭럖릤ꎻ틽떼컯쇷뷚뗣뗄뫏샭맦뮮ꎻ 뷢뻶릤짌웳튵ꆰ듳뛸좫- 킡뛸좫ꆱ헢훖짌튵퓋ퟷ쳥훆쯹듸살뗄컊쳢ꎬ쳡룟웳튵컯쇷뗄퓋ퟷ쮮욽ꎻ틽떼뒫춳뗄퓋쫤닖뒢웳튵쿲랢햹쿖듺컯쇷맬ꎻ횸떼컯쇷웳튵퓚헾뢮뫪맛맦뮮뗄횸떼쿂폐탲랢햹ꎬ훷튪헾닟냼삨ꎺ뿕볤늼뻖틽떼헾닟ꆢ폅뮯컯쇷닺튵뷡릹틽떼헾닟ꆢ릤짌웳튵냾샫컯쇷튵컱뗈틽떼헾닟ꆣ 40
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 랢햹탔헾닟횼퓚캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쳡릩튻룶닺튵짽벶뗄헾닟떼쿲ꆣ훷튪냼삨ꎺ맄샸훘뗣컯쇷웳튵ퟶ듳ퟶ잿ꆢ틽죫맺쓚췢튻쇷컯쇷웳튵뗄헾닟뗈ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뚯솦 잰쏦컒쏇틑뺭뻍믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹뷸탐쇋짮죫럖컶ꎬ뛸튪헦헽죃믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹랢믓ퟷ폃ꎬ뻍뇘탫튪폐쿠펦뗄퓋탐뚯솦ퟷ폃폚쯼ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾뷚붫듓뚯솦릹돉ꆢ뚯솦훷쳥ꆢ뚯솦랽쪽좥죏쪶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뚯솦ꆣ 뚯솦릹돉 붨솢튻룶쫊뫏폚췆뚯믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳좫쏦랢햹뗄뚯솦쾵춳,펦듓캨컯뇧횤뫍쾵춳맛돶랢ꎬ펦폃뇧횤캨컯훷틥헜톧횪쪶뫍쿖듺쾵춳뿆톧횪쪶ꎬ냑쾵춳폫뮷뺳춳튻웰살ꎬ붨릹튻룶릦쓜췪짆쟒헻쳥탔춻돶뗄뚯솦쾵춳ꆣ헢퇹뗄뚯솦쾵춳쫇튻룶뇈쾵춳놾짭룼듳뗄쾵춳ꆣ틲듋ꎬ늻싛듓믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄랢햹뾴ꎬ믲듓뮷뺳뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄펰쿬뾴ꎬퟮ믹놾뗄뚯솦튪쯘폐5훖ꎬ벴컯훊ꆢ뺫짱ꆢ샻틦ꆢ닺튵ꆢ훆뛈ꆣ쯼쏇춨맽쿠뮥ퟩ뫏폫쿠뮥ퟷ폃릹돉쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄뚯솦쾵춳ꆣ 튻쫇컯훊뚯솦ꆣ룃뚯솦뗄믹놾ퟷ폃쫇쳡릩헦쪵뗄풴ꎬ횱뷓솬뷡훆퓬닺튵폫쟸폲컯쇷닺튵ꎬ쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯돉캪쿖쪵ꆣ 뛾쫇뺫짱뚯솦ꆣ뺫짱ퟷ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄믹놾뚯솦ꎬ훷튪횸쟸폲쮼쿫ꆣ룃뚯솦폫컯훊뚯솦쿠뇈ꎬ쫴폚컞탎풴ꎬ죧믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄맛쓮ꆢ쮼쿫뗈ꆣ 죽쫇샻틦뚯솦ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄킭춬퓋ퟷ쫇럇쇣뫍뫏ퟷ늩?ꎬ쯼뻟폐볛횵뒴퓬릦쓜ꎬ늢뿉틔쪵쿖뛠펮뻖쏦ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄킭춬퓋ퟷ뒴퓬뗄뎬뛮샻틦붫퓚횮볤럖엤ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄킭춬퓋ퟷ쪹웤뗃떽뇈ꆰ닺튵킭춬퓋ퟷꆱ잰닺짺룼뛠뗄샻틦ꆣ 쯄쫇닺튵뚯솦ꆣ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐ꎬ짺닺솦랢햹쮮욽늻춬쾸럖닺튵ꎨ죧컯쇷튵훐뗄릫슷퓋쫤튵ꆢ쳺슷퓋쫤튵ꆢ몽뗀퓋쫤튵뗈ꎬ훆퓬닺튵훐뗄ힰ놸훆퓬튵ꆢ뮯릤튵ꎩ뗄풴ꆢ벼쫵ꆢ맜샭ꆢ샭쓮ꆢ죋풱뗈뮥늹붫늻뛏퓶잿ꆣ 컥쫇훆뛈뚯솦ꆣ붨솢믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ뿉틔듙뷸닺튵횮볤뗄쿠뮥붻쇷ꆢ죚뫏ꆢ뷨본ꎬ틔쪵쿖훆뛈뗄뇤잨ꎬ쪹훆뛈룼폐샻폚쯹퓚쟸폲짧믡뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ 룼폐샻폚짧믡뗄뫍킳ꆣ틲듋ꎬ훆뛈뚯솦쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ뗄폕떼뚯솦ꆣ퓚훆뛈뚯솦뗄폕떼쿂ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲 41
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ붫듯떽릲헱ꎬ뒴퓬돶뻞듳뗄볛횵ꆣ 뚯솦훷쳥 튪쪹뚯솦튪쯘헦헽랢믓뚯솦ퟷ폃ꎬ뇘탫폐쿠펦뗄탐캪훷쳥ꆣ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐ꎬ헾뢮펦떱쫇틽떼헟ꎬ웳튵쫇훷쳥ꎬ웤쯻뗄짧믡쳵볾쫇횧독ꆣ틲듋ꎬ컒쏇퓚듋좷솢믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뚯솦훷쳥훷튪쫇헾뢮ꆢ웳튵ꆣ 1.쟸폲헾뢮 ퟷ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄틽떼헟ꎬ쟸폲헾뢮훁짙퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳탎돉맽돌훐웰ퟅ맘볼ퟷ폃ꆣ쟸폲뺭볃톧샭싛죏캪ꎬ쟸폲헾뢮뗄샻틦욫뫃펰쿬ퟅ돇쫐쟸폲퓚튻뚨쪱웚뗄랢햹ꆣ틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ탨튪틀삵폚쟸폲쓚룷룶닣벶헾뢮뗄탐헾킭뗷뫍샻틦욫뫃ꎬퟮ훕믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ붫훰늽맽뛉떽쫐뎡믺훆췆뚯짏살ꆣ쟸폲헾뢮뗄킭뗷ꎬ뿉틔쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ듯떽릲헱ꎬ뒴퓬돶룼듳뗄볛횵ꎬ쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗃떽룼듳뗄듦뒢닺돶샻틦ꆣ 2.웳튵 ퟷ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄훷쳥솦솿ꎬ웳튵랢믓훷떼ퟷ폃뗄듳킡붫횱뷓뻶뚨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뷸뮯뗄쯙뛈ꆣ웳튵뗄뺭펪쒿뇪쫇ힷ쟳볛횵믲샻틦뗄ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ뛸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳룸웳튵훷쳥쳡릩뷏듳뗄샻틦ꎬ틲캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쫇쾵춳뮯ꆢ죚뫏뮯쇋뗄짺닺솦ꎬ쓜럅듳짺닺튪쯘뗄킧쓜ꆣ폚쫇ꎬ랴맽살ꎬ웳튵튲믡듙뷸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿닺튵탎돉맦쒣킧틦ꆢ튵럖릤킧틦뫍튪쯘폅뮯킧틦ꆣ튻쫇맦쒣킧틦ꆣ웳튵뗄랢햹뒴퓬뫍췘햹쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿룷닺튵쫐뎡맦쒣ꆣ뛾쫇튵럖릤킧틦ꆣ웳튵뗄랢햹쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹훘탂뚨캻ꎬ짮뮯쇋웤쓚늿닺튵횮볤뗄튵뮯럖릤폫킭ퟷꆣ죽쫇튪쯘폅뮯킧틦ꆣ쟸폲쫇짧믡짺닺솦룟뛈랢햹뗄닺컯ꎬ쫇짺닺솦튪쯘뫍쿖듺뮯틲쯘ퟮ쏜벯뗄뗘쟸ꎬ튲쫇쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄벯뻛훐탄ꆣ웳튵뗄랢햹볓쯙쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿튪쯘뗄ퟩ횯뫍쇷뚯ꎬ듓뛸늻뷶폐킧뗘싺ퟣ쇋웳튵뛔튪쯘뗄탨쟳ꎬ쳡룟웳튵뗄뺭볃킧틦ꎬ뛸쟒죃웤틲캪ퟔ짭튪쯘폅뮯뛸뷸뮯ꆣ 뚯솦랽쪽 캪쇋좫쏦죏쪶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뷸뮯랢햹뗄뚯솦훷쳥죧뫎랢믓뚯솦ퟷ폃ꎬ컒쏇뮹뇘탫튪죏쪶퓋탐뚯솦랢믓ퟷ폃뗄랽쪽ꆣ뛸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뚯솦쫇횸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄튪쯘춨맽쿠뮥ퟷ폃뛸 42
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 탎돉폖캪헻룶쾵춳쯹뛀폐뗄솦솿ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뷡뫏잰쏦뛔뚯솦릹돉뗄럖컶ꎬ놾킡뷚듓ꆰ쮫훘뚯솦뷡릹ꆱꆢꆰퟛ뫏헻쳥뚯솦ꆱꆢꆰퟔ컒뗷뿘폅뮯믺훆ꆱ죽룶랽쏦살쳥쿖뚯솦쾵춳룷튪쯘뗃틔랢믓ퟷ폃뗄랽쪽ꆣ 튻쫇쮫훘뚯솦뷡릹ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뚯솦뷡릹뻟폐쮫훘탔ꎬ벴횸평뚯솦튪쯘쯹릹돉뗄ퟓ뚯솦쾵춳뫍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷닺튵쿠뮥ퟷ폃쯹릹돉뗄ퟓ뚯솦쾵춳릲춬릹돉ꆣ컯훊ꆢ뺫짱ꆢ샻틦ꆢ닺튵ꆢ훆뛈뗈믹놾뚯솦튪쯘ꎬ늻뷶ퟔ짭뻟폐뚯솦톧쳘탔ꎬ뛸쟒쯼쏇횮볤뗄쿠맘탔,튲펰쿬ퟅ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬랢햹뚯솦뗄듳킡폫탔훊ꆣ뫜쏷쿔,짏쫶튪쯘횮볤뗄쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꎬ,쪹헢룶ퟓ뚯솦쾵춳폐뛀쳘뗄뚯솦쳘헷ꆣ 뛾쫇ퟛ뫏헻쳥뚯솦ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄쾵춳뚯솦ꎬ튻랽쏦랴펳ퟅ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿훮튪쯘횮볤뗄쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꎬ쇭튻랽쏦튲랴펳ퟅ쾵춳폫뮷뺳횮볤뗄쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆣ솽훖ퟷ폃뗄릲춬뷡맻벯훐쳥쿖퓚쾵춳헻쳥뚯솦쳘탔짏ꆣ쾵춳헻쳥뚯솦뗄탎돉ꎬ늻쫇죎뫎튻훖ퟷ폃랽쪽뚼쫇폐킧뗄ꆣ떱믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟷ캪튻룶폐믺헻쳥듦퓚쪱ꎬ룷훖뚯솦틲쯘믡춨맽뫏킧펦ꆢ뮥늹킧펦ꆢ킭춬킧펦ꆢퟛ뫏킧펦뗈탎돉헻쳥뚯솦ꆣ 죽쫇ퟔ컒뗷뿘폅뮯믺훆ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳평폚쫇룶럇쿟탔쾵춳ꎬ죎뫎돵쪼쳵볾뚼늻뿉쓜췪좫뻶뚨룃쾵춳랢햹뗄좫맽돌,뇘탫늻뛏뗘뷸탐폐킧뗄뗷뿘,쪼훕놣돖뚯첬폅뮯ힴ첬,닅쓜듯떽돖탸뷸뮯뗄쒿뗄ꆣ듓쾵춳뿆톧샭싛뾴ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쫗쿈튪쪵쿖ퟔퟩ횯ꎬ붨솢ퟔ컒뗷뿘믺훆ꆣ뛸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄ퟔퟩ횯쫇횸웤퓚튻뚨뗄뮷뺳쳵볾쿂ꎬ틀뻝ퟔ짭뗄솦솿뛸탎돉폐탲뗄컈뚨뷡릹ꎬ늢뻟폐튻뚨뗄ퟔ컒랢햹쓜솦ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐킭춬 퓚첽쳖쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹ꆢ퓋탐뚯솦횮뫳ꎬ컒쏇폐뇘튪퇐뺿믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뗄탲닎솿ꎬ틔좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뎯헽좷뗄랽쿲잰뷸ꆣ컒쏇틽죫“탲닎솿”룅쓮ꎬ훷튪쫇뷨폃킭춬샭싛뗄럖컶뿲볜ꎬ짮죫럖컶펰쿬믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹슷뺶뫍췆뚯랢햹뗄탲닎솿ꎺ킭춬뷸뮯ꆣ 킭춬뷸뮯뚯틲 “탲닎솿”쫇킭춬톧훐ퟮ훘튪뗄룅쓮ꎬ맾뿏ꎨ킭춬샭싛뒴쪼죋ꎩ폃탲닎솿살뷢쫍쾵춳폐탲퇝뮯뗄맽돌뫍믺훆ꎬ쯻죏캪ꎬ죧맻쒳룶닎솿퓚쾵춳퇝뮯맽돌훐듓컞떽폐뗘뇤뮯ꎬ늢쟒횸쪾탂뷡릹뗄탎돉ꎬ랴펳탂뷡릹뗄폐탲돌뛈ꎬ쯼뻍쫇탲닎솿ꎻ탲닎솿늻쫇쾵춳훐쒳룶햼뻝횧엤뗘캻뗄ퟓ쾵춳ꎬ뛸쫇듳솿ퟓ쾵춳벯쳥퓋뚯뗄뫪맛헻 43
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쳥쒣쪽뗄폐탲돌뛈뗄닎솿ꆣ쯼튻랽쏦쫇쾵춳쓚늿듳솿ퟓ쾵춳쿠뮥뺺헹뫍킭춬뗄닺컯ꎬ쇭튻랽쏦폖웰ퟅ횧엤믲틛쪹룷ퟓ쾵춳뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ훷퓗ퟅ쾵춳헻쳥퇝뮯랢햹뗄맽돌ꆣ 뛸퓚첽뺿믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뗄탲닎솿횮잰ꎬ컒쏇늻럁쿈죏쪶튻쿂웳튵뷸뮯쾵춳뗄탲닎솿ꆣ맘폚ꆰ횸떼웳튵쾵춳룷ퟓ쾵춳맘솪퓋뚯ꆢퟟ쿲폐탲뗄탲닎솿쫇쪲쎴?ꆱꎬ맺쓚췢톧헟쳡돶쇋탭뛠늻춬뗄맛뗣ꆣ듓쒿잰쫕벯뗄쇏46살뾴ꎬ뇈뷏폐듺뇭탔뗄맛뗣뿉맩쓉죧쿂뇭쯹쪾ꎺ 뇭 웳튵뷸뮯쾵춳뗄탲닎솿첽쳖 맛 뗣 태뇋쳘 듓벼쫵뇤룯뛔뺭볃쾵춳럇뻹뫢퓶뎤뗄펰쿬틲쯘돶랢ꎬ쳡돶뒴탂샭싛ꆣ쯻냑뒴탂맩뷡캪웳튵볒(1930) 뺫짱ꎬ벴웳튵볒랢쿖뒴탂믺믡뛸탐뚯뗄쓜솦ꎬ죏캪웳튵볒쫇뒴탂ꆢ짺닺튪쯘ꆢ탂ퟩ뫏틔벰뺭볃랢햹뗄훷튪ퟩ횯헟뫍췆뚯헟ꆣ뿉볻ꎬ쯻쯹쮵뗄웳튵볒뺫짱뻍쫇웳튵뷸뮯맽돌훐뗄탲닎솿 랶헽죏 퓚ꆶ웳튵뫋탄쓜솦탎돉뗄쓚늿킭춬맽돌럖컶ꆷ튻컄훐쳡돶뫋탄쓜솦쫇웳튵쾵춳뗄탲닎솿ꆣ뫋(2000) 탄쓜솦쫇웳튵쾵춳쓚늿룷믹놾쓜솦캬뛈횮볤킭춬뮥뚯뗄믹뒡짏닺짺ꆢ랢햹ꆢ릮만뗄ꎬ평폚쯼뻟폐볛횵뗄폅풽탔ꆢ틬훊탔ꆢ늻뿉붻뮻탔ꆢ쓑틔쒣럂탔뫍뚯첬톧쾰탔ꎬ뷸뛸췆뚯쇋헻룶웳튵뗄퇝뮯돉뎤 샮뎯쾼 퓚웤늩쪿싛컄ꆶ웳튵뷸뮯믺훆ꆷ훐죏캪ꎬ“컊쳢쫇웳튵쾵춳뷸뮯뗄풭뚯솦”ꎬ벴탲닎솿ꆣ컊쳢(2001) 웰ퟅ횧엤뚯솦닺짺틔벰웤쯻탐캪뇤솿뗄ퟷ폃 퇮훒횱 퓚ꆶ웳튵짺첬톧틽싛ꆷ튻컄훐퓋폃쫊펦ꆢ틅뒫뇤틬뫍ퟔ좻톡퓱뗈짺컯뷸뮯뗄맛뗣쮵쏷웳튵쾵(2003) 춳퇝뮯맽돌ꎬ쯻잿뗷웳튵쾵춳뗄틅뒫뇤틬뻍쫇뒴탂ꎬ죏캪뒴탂쫇췆뚯웳튵뷸뮯뗄뫋탄솦솿ꎬ뒴탂쫇웳튵쾵춳퇝뮯뗄탲닎솿 뿂쇖쮹ꆢ늨퓚ꆶ믹튵뎣쟠ꆷ튻쫩훐죏캪ꎬ릫쮾쫇럱뻟폐뫋탄샭쓮뫍ힷ쟳뷸늽뗄쟽뚯솦뻶뚨쇋릫쮾쫇럱믹샕쮹(2003) 튵뎣쟠ꎬ평듋뿉틽짪캪뫋탄샭쓮뫍ힷ쟳뷸늽쫇웳튵쾵춳퇝뮯뗄탲닎솿 랶쏷ꆢ쳀뾡퓚ꆶ웳튵뿉돖탸돉뎤뗄ퟔퟩ횯퇐뺿ꆷ훐ꎬ쳡돶웳튵뿉돖탸돉뎤뗄쓜솦쫇웳튵쾵춳퇝뮯뗄탲닎(2004) 솿ꆣ웳튵뿉돖탸쓜솦쫇닺튵ꆢ벼쫵ꆢ훆뛈뫍쫐뎡좨솦튪쯘킭춬짺돉뗄닺컯ꎬ뻟폐컈뚨탔ꎬ뿉돖탸돉뎤쓜솦뗄뇤뮯쟽쪹웳튵룷ퟓ쾵춳뗄퇝뮯 쇵붨늨ꆢ샮퓚ꆶ웳튵뷸뮯쾵춳뗄탲닎솿첽쳖ꆷ튻컄훐죏캪ꎬ웳튵펵폐뗄ퟩ횯톧쾰믹틲쫇훷떼웳튵뷸뮯뗄냘훞(2005) 탲닎솿ꆣ웳튵쾵춳퓚늻뛏쫊펦뮷뺳뇤뮯뗄뒴탂맽돌훐ꎬ평폚웳튵쾵춳쓚늿룷ퟓ쾵춳뗄킭춬ퟷ폃닺짺쇋ퟩ횯톧쾰믹틲ꎬ헢훖ퟩ횯톧쾰믹틲훷떼쇋웳튵뗄뷸뮯 평뇭뿉횪ꎬ짏쫶톧헟뛔웳튵뷸뮯쾵춳탲닎솿퇐뺿죈뛈뫜룟ꎬ뛸헫뛔ꆰ훷떼쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇝뮯랢햹ꎬ횸떼웤룷ퟓ쾵춳맘솪퓋뚯ꆢퟟ쿲폐탲뗄탲닎솿쫇쪲쎴ꆱꎬ듓쒿잰뗄컄쿗쇏살뾴ꎬ쿊폐톧헟뷸탐퇐뺿ꆣ룹뻝킭춬싛횪쪶뿉횪ꎬ퓚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄퇝뮯랢햹훐뗄좷듦퓚튻룶탲닎솿ꎬ떽뗗쫇쮭쓘ꎿ뇊헟죏캪ꎬ헢샯듦퓚탲닎솿톡퓱뗄컊쳢ꆣ뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳탲닎솿톡퓱죔좻튪틀뻝탲닎솿뗄쳘헷뷸탐ꎬ뻟쳥냼삨죽룶랽쏦ꎺ 튻쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄탲닎솿쫗쿈쫇뫪맛닎솿ꎬ쯼쫇퓚룷ퟓ쾵춳뗄쿠뮥ퟷ폃훐닺짺뗄뫪맛헻쳥탐캪ꎬ뛸늻쫇룶뇰튪쯘믲ퟓ쾵춳쯹쳥쿖돶뗄탐캪ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뷶냑쟸 46쇵붨늨ꎬ샮냘훝ꎮ웳튵뷸뮯쾵춳뗄탲닎솿첽쳖[M]ꎮ훐맺뿆벼싛첳ꎬ2005(4)ꎺ85-87ꎮ 44
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄떥룶튪쯘믲닎솿ꎨ죧컯쇷헾닟ꆢ컯쇷붻춨퓋쫤쓜솦뗈ꎩ떱돉쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄탲닎솿쫇튻훖듭컳뗄죏쪶ꆣ 뛾쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄탲닎솿쫇룷ퟓ쾵춳벯쳥퓋뚯뗄닺컯ꎬ쫇뫏ퟷ킧펦뗄뇭헷뫍뛈솿ꎬ벴탲닎솿뗄탎돉늻쫇췢늿ퟷ폃잿볓폚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄ꎬ뛸쫇살풴폚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쓚늿ꆣ 죽쫇탲닎솿쓜횧엤쟸폲쾵춳쓚룷ퟓ쾵춳뗄탐캪ꎬ훷퓗웳튵쾵춳헻쳥퇝뮯뗄맽돌ꆣ 춨맽짏쏦뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳탲닎솿쳘헷럖컶ꎬ뿉틔돵늽죏쪶쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄탲닎솿ꆣ떫퓚뻟쳥뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐ꎬ평폚쟸폲쳘헷뗄닮틬틔벰랢햹뗄돌뛈늻춬ꎬ훷떼웤랢햹슷뺶뗄탲닎솿늢늻튻뚨쿠춬ꆣ샽죧ꎬ뛔폚튻룶뒦폚쇙뷧뗣ힴ첬뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뛸퇔ꎬ뿉쓜믡돶쿖킧싊ꆢ맦쒣믲닺쓜뗈탲닎솿ꎬ떫퓚쟸폲컯쇷쓚풴컞듎탲샻폃뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬힷ쟳킧싊믲풴쪵쿖맦쒣뺭볃쫇뫜삧쓑뗄ꎬ헢쪱뿉톡퓱킭춬뷸뮯쓜솦ퟷ캪탲닎솿ꎬ쪹웤퓚쳘쫢ힴ뿶쿂훷떼헻룶웳튵쾵춳폐탲ꆢ컈뚨뗄랢햹ꎻ뛸뛔폚튻룶뒦폚뎤웚컈뚨랢햹쟒돉쫬뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뛸퇔ꎬ뒴탂쓜솦붫뿉쓜돉캪탲닎솿ꎬ쪹웤췆뚯헻룶쾵춳뿬쯙뎯잰뷸뮯ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뷡뫏짏쏦뗄럖컶ꎬ뒦폚쇙뷧ힴ첬뗄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳탲닎솿ꎺ킭춬뷸뮯쓜솦ꆣ 킭춬뷸뮯쓚죝 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄킭춬뷸뮯ꎬ쫇쯦ퟅꆰ뫍킳짧믡ꆱ폫ꆰ뒴탂탍짧믡ꆱ뗄릹훾ꆢꆰ퓶뎤벫탍ꆱ쟸폲뺭볃폫닺튵랢햹뗄튪쟳뗈췢늿뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯ꎬ뛸돶쿖뗄탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳횮볤뗄킭춬닣듎탂훊뇭쿖ꆣ헢쫇평폚훆퓬튵폫컯쇷튵퓚쫊펦쫐뎡뇤뮯뗄맽돌훐ꎬ평폚ퟔ짭폐뿘훆뷸뮯랽쿲뗄쓜솦ꎬ쓜릻폐틢쪶뗘볓듳뫏ퟷ랽쪽ꎬ닺짺뛠듎킭춬뷸뮯탐캪ꆣ뻟쳥뛸퇔ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄킭춬뷸뮯뷸돌죧뇭쯹쪾ꆣ 뇭 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄킭춬뷸뮯뷸돌 랢햹 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐 쟷쫆 웳튵떥풪ꎨ뺭볃쫴탔ꎩ 컯쇷뻛벯듸ꆢ훆퓬튵뻛벯듸ꎨ뿕볤쫴탔ꎩ 뮥늻룉죅 컯쇷쫐뎡웴뚯뷗뛎ꎬ컯쇷풴럡컯쇷뺭볃웴뚯ꎬ뮹늻뻟놸맦쒣뮯ꎬ컯쇷풴뢻ꎬ떫퓚뺭볃훐뗄뗘캻뷏뗍ꎬ컯뻛벯탔죵ꆣ훆퓬튵뗄탨쟳췹췹쫇ퟔ컒싺ퟣꆣ쇷럾컱뗄랶캧뷏킡ꎬ폫훆퓬닺튵횮볤쎻폐탎돉뇈뷏뛔뗈맘쾵ꆣ 뮥쿠룉죅 훆퓬닺튵뛔폚컯쇷뗄탨쟳퓶볓ꎬ컯쇷뺭볃쯦ퟅ훆퓬튵뗄탨쟳뛸뿬쯙랢햹ꎬ컯컯쇷웳튵퓶뛠ꎬ컯쇷튵퓚뺭볃훐쇷뺭볃뻛벯뗣퓶볓ꆣ 뗄뗘캻쳡짽ꆣ 릲첯뷗뛎 컯쇷닺튵뻟놸맦쒣ꎬ랴맽살탎돉탎돉평컯쇷훐탄ꆢ컯쇷춨뗀뗈뻛벯듸ퟩ돉뗄뛔훆퓬닺튵뗄탨쟳ꆣ 뷏캪컈뚨뗄쟸폲컯쇷룱뻖ꎬ탎돉“훆퓬웳튵컯쇷럾컱훷뚯릩룸”뗄첬쫆ꆣ 45
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뷸뮯뷗뛎 훆퓬튵폫컯쇷튵볤킭춬탔퓶잿ꎬ컯쇷뺭볃뻛벯듸폫훆퓬튵뺭볃뻛벯듸횮볤잿뗷뮥늹탔뷸뮯ꎬ쪵쿖“뢴뫏탍퓶잿뮥늹탔킭ퟷꎬ퓶잿쟸폲뺭볃뻛벯듸뗄럸웳튵”뗄췆맣ꆣ 짤듸뚯ퟷ폃ꎬ쿲닺튵횮볤틬훊뮯뷸뮯ꆣ 뷡뫏뇭럖컶뿉횪ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄킭춬뷸뮯ꎬ틢캶ퟅ샻폃쾵춳믹놾떥풪ꎨ컯쇷웳튵ꆢ컯쇷뻛벯듸ꆢ훆퓬웳튵ꆢ훆퓬튵뻛벯듸ꎩ볤쿠뮥펰쿬뫍쿠뮥ퟷ폃맘쾵ꎬ춨맽믹놾떥풪뗄뷸뮯살펰쿬웤쯻떥풪뗄뷸뮯ꎨ죧컯쇷웳튵폫훆퓬튵웳튵볦늢뫏ퟷ랽쪽뗄닉폃ꎬ듙쪹컯쇷쫐뎡훐쿠펦뗄컯쇷뺺헹웳튵뾼싇볦늢뫏ퟷ뗄펦폃ꎩꎬ춬쪱웤쯻떥풪뗄뷸뮯튲룄뇤ퟅ뷸뮯슷뺶ꎬퟮ훕떼훂믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉캪튻룶뮥쿠ퟷ폃뗄쾵춳헻쳥ꆣ볲퇔횮ꎬꆰ킭춬뷸뮯쓜솦ꆱ뻶뚨ퟅ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄랢햹슷뺶ꆣ 킭춬뷸뮯믺훆 평짏쏦뗄럖컶뿉횪ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯쫇튻룶맽돌ꎬ탨튪뷸탐맜샭ꎬ틔좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뎯헽좷뗄랽쿲잰뷸ꆣ틲듋ꎬ컒쏇릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭믺훆쒣탍ꎬ죧춼쯹쪾ꎺ 킭춬뷸뮯뗄쒿뇪훆퓬닺튵쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳움맀닮뻠킭춬뷸뮯뗄탎돉탨쟳쿖ힴ릩룸쿖ힴ ꎨ뚯틲ꎩ 쪶뇰킭춬믺킭춬풤쿈볛횵움탅쾢릵춨 킭춬뷸뮯뗄쪵쿖ꎨ맽돌ꎩ 튪쯘뗄헻뫏엤탲닎솿맜킭춬뷸뮯뗄뷡맻듯떽뗄뷡쪵쿖킭춬킧펦춼 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯쒣탍뿲 평춼뿉횪ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯쒣탍횱맛랴펳쇋헻 46
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 룶쾵춳훐킭춬뷸뮯맜샭믺훆뗄헦쪵쏦쒿ꎬ첽뺿쇋킭춬뷸뮯맜샭뗄퓋ퟷ풭샭틔벰쓚퓚뗄ꆢ놾훊뗄릤ퟷ랽쪽ꆣ뻟쳥뛸퇔ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭믺훆뿉럖캪죽듳믺훆ꎬ벴킭춬뷸뮯맜샭탎돉믺훆ꆢ킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쪵쿖믺훆뫍킭춬뷸뮯맜샭풼쫸믺훆ꆣ 1.킭춬뷸뮯맜샭탎돉믺훆 헢늿럖뇭쪾믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쯹ힷ쟳뗄쒿뇪폫킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쒿뇪퓚헻쳥짏뻟폐튻훂탔ꎬ떫믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓜럱쪵쿖웤쒿뇪ꎬ뮹탨럖컶웤퓋탐ힴ뿶ꆣ춨맽뛔뇈쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릩룸쿖ힴ폫훆퓬닺튵탨쟳쿖ힴꎬ헒돶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쿖쪵랢햹쮮욽폫샭쿫랢햹쮮욽(킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쒿뇪)횮볤뗄닮뻠ꎬ죏쟥뷸탐킭춬뷸뮯맜샭뗄믹뒡뫍뚯틲ꆣ 2.킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쪵쿖믺훆 헢늿럖뇭쪾뗄쫇킭춬뷸뮯맜샭뗄믹놾맽돌ꎬ듋맽돌뗄쓚죝훷튪냼삨퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚킭춬믺믡쪶뇰ꆢ튪쯘킭춬볛횵풤쿈움볛ꆢ탅쾢릵춨ꆢ튪쯘헻뫏ꆢ뛔듯떽뷡맻뗄탅쾢랴삡뗈ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쪵쿖뗄믹놾맽돌뻍쫇평헢킩쿠뮥솪쾵뗄튻쾵쇐맜샭믮뚯릹돉ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬믺믡쪶뇰쫇춻웆뿚ꎬ튪쯘킭춬볛횵움맀쫇맘볼ꎬ폐킧뗄탅쾢릵춨쫇믹뒡ꎬ튪쯘헻뫏엤훃폫탲닎솿맜샭쫇룹놾ꆣ헢킩킭춬믮뚯릲춬ퟷ폃ퟮ훕쪵쿖믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄킭춬뷸뮯맜샭킧펦ꆣ 3.킭춬뷸뮯맜샭풼쫸믺훆 헢늿럖쓚죝ퟷ캪쪵쿖믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭뗄훘튪쫖뛎ꎬ맡뒩폚헻룶킭춬뷸뮯맜샭맽돌횮훐ꆣ쯼뻟쳥뿉럖캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭탎돉맽돌훐뗄풼쫸뫍킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쪵쿖맽돌훐뗄풼쫸ꆣ 뷡뫏짏쏦랽뗄럖컶ꎬ짏쫶죽듳믺훆뗄횮볤뗄맘쾵뿉폃춼쯹쪾ꎺ 탎돉믺쪵쿖믺풼쫸믺훆춼 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭룷믺훆뗄맘쾵 죧춼쯹쪾ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭룷훖믺훆횮볤 47
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗄맘쾵쫇쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆢ쿠뮥솪쾵ꎬ릲춬랢믓룷ퟔ뗄릦쓜뫍킧펦ꎬퟮ훕듙쪹킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쒿뇪벴킭춬킧펦쪵쿖ꆣ탎돉믺훆쯤좻쫇튻훖맛쓮틢틥짏뗄킭춬ꎬ떫쯼쫇헻룶킭춬뷸뮯맜샭맽돌뗄웰뗣ꎬ틲듋킭춬뷸뮯맜샭뗄탎돉믺훆쫇킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쪵쿖믺훆퓋탐뗄잰쳡쳵볾ꆣ뛸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭뗄쪵쿖믺훆헽쫇퓚킭춬뷸뮯맜샭뗄탎돉믺훆믹뒡짏ꎬ춨맽킭춬믺믡쪶뇰ꆢ튪쯘킭춬볛횵풤쿈움볛ꆢ릵춨붻쇷ꆢ튪쯘헻뫏엤훃틔벰뛔듯떽뷡맻뗄탅쾢랴삡뗈뮷뷚뗄뻟쳥닙ퟷꎬ듙쪹닺짺컒쏇쯹웚췻뗄탲닎솿ꎬ뷸뛸쪹웤훷떼헻룶쾵춳쿲폐탲ꆢ컈뚨뗄랽쿲랢햹ꎬퟮ훕냑킭춬뷸뮯맜샭탎돉믺훆훐맛쓮틢틥짏뗄킭춬뇤캪쿖쪵틢틥짏뗄킭춬ꆣ뛸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯맜샭풼쫸믺훆ퟷ캪킭춬뷸뮯맜샭킧펦쪵쿖뗄훘튪놣헏ꎬ쯼맡뒩폚헻룶킭춬뷸뮯맜샭맽돌횮훐ꎬ늻싛쫇퓚킭춬뷸뮯맜샭탎돉믺훆훐ꎬ뮹쫇퓚킭춬뷸뮯맜샭쪵쿖믺훆훐ꎬ킭춬뷸뮯맜샭풼쫸믺훆뚼웰ퟅ럇뎣훘튪뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ쯼놣횤쇋킭춬뷸뮯맜샭맽돌훐쯹폐킭춬탐캪뗄쮳샻뷸탐ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐놣헏 틔짏뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹뗄퓋탐뷡릹ꆢ퓋탐뚯솦ꆢ퓋탐킭춬뗄퇐뺿컞틉쫇뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹뗄ꆰ죡탔퇐뺿ꆱꎬ뛸튪쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뿉돖탸퓋탐뮹탨튪뎤웚뗄ꆰ펲볾놣헏ꆱꆣ쪵볊짏ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐놣헏믺훆잿뗷뗄쫇캪룃쾵춳뗄헽뎣퓋탐쳡릩풴(죋ꆢ닆ꆢ컯ꆢ탅쾢뗈)뫍횧독쳵볾뗄놣횤ꎬ놾뷚붫ퟅ훘럖컶뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐놣헏믺훆뫶싔뗄랽쏦ꎬ죧램맦쳥쾵ꆢ믺릹ퟩ횯ꆢ릵춨믺훆ꆣ 붡좫램맦쳥쾵 붨솢램맦쳥쾵쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨훆뛈뮯뗄튪쟳ꆣ좱랦잿폐솦뗄램맦쳥쾵뗄뿘훆뫍킭뗷ꎬ쎻폐램싉뗘캻뫍킧솦붫쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓑틔실쪵ꆣ램맦쳥쾵폫믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨웤쪵뻍쫇훆뛈뫍벼쫵뗄맘쾵: 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳짨볆뗄벼쫵탔틲쯘뇘탫춨맽훆뛈탔틲쯘닺짺ퟷ폃ꎬ훆뛈탔틲쯘랴맽살틽떼뫍훆풼벼쫵탔틲쯘ꆣ틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳램맦쳥쾵뗄붨짨뇘탫냑컕뫃틔쿂죽룶랽쏦ꎺ 뗚튻ꎬ탂쾵춳샭쓮죚죫쟸폲쮼쿫ꆣ램맦쳥쾵펦떱뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓚쟸폲뺭볃훐뗄쯹쫴랶캧ꆢ횰쓜ꆢ뗘캻쏷좷뮯ꎬ늢퓚쪵볹뗄실쪵훐폖뿉닙ퟷ탔ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬꆰ틔죋캪놾ꆢ뗀슷쿈탐ꆢ닺튵쟽뚯ꆢ탅쾢헻뫏ꆢ킭춬뷸뮯ꆱ풭퓲쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꎬ쫇웤ퟮ훘튪뗄쪵볊닙ퟷ풭퓲ꎬ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄헻룶솢램훐펦룃붫웤럅퓚믹놾풭퓲뗄뗘 48
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 캻ꎬ횸떼헻룶솢램뗄뷸탐ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ쾵춳헻뫏ꎬ뾪햹럖샠퇐뺿ꆣ뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆램싉쳥쾵뗄헻뫏쫇쪵쿖웤램맦뿆톧뮯ꆢ쾵춳뮯뗄훘튪춾뺶ꆣ횻폐뛔쿖폐훆퓬닺튵폫컯쇷닺튵뗄램맦뷸탐뎹뗗뗘쟥뗣ꆢ믣ퟜ뫍쫡샭ꎬ닅쓜랢쿖램맦쳥쾵붨짨훐듦퓚뗄컊쳢뫍늻ퟣꎬ닅쓜룼뻟헫뛔탔뗘룣뫃램맦쳥쾵붨짨ꆣ 룄룯믺릹ퟩ횯 쟸폲헾뢮컯쇷맜샭믺릹룄룯폫쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯랢폽쿠뮥틀삵ꆢ쿠뮥훆풼ꆢ쿠뮥췆뚯ꆣ헫뛔쟸폲헾뢮컯쇷맜샭믺릹룄룯폫쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯뗄랢폽캴쓜탎돉폐킧뗄솼탔뮥뚯맘쾵뗄풭틲ꎬ컒쏇듓쟸폲헾뢮컯쇷맜샭믺릹룄룯뫍쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯엠폽솽랽쏦엤쳗뗘닉좡듫쪩ꎬ듙뷸쟸폲헾뢮컯쇷맜샭믺릹룄룯폫쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯랢폽뗄솼탔뮥뚯ꆢ킭뗷랢햹ꎬ듓뛸좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆헽뎣퓋ퟷꆣ 뗚튻ꎬ뷸튻늽짮뮯쟸폲헾뢮컯쇷맜샭믺릹룄룯뗄뛔닟ꆣ튻쫇뷸튻늽뇤헾뢮횰쓜ꆣ내헕헾웳럖뾪ꆢ헾쫂럖뾪뗄풭퓲ꎬ릹붨쫊펦믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹튪쟳뗄쟸폲헾뢮컯쇷맜샭믺릹ꆣ뛾쫇내헕뺫볲ꆢ춳튻ꆢ킧쓜뗄풭퓲뫍뻶닟ꆢ횴탐ꆢ볠뚽쿠킭뗷뗄튪쟳ꎬ췆뷸믺릹룄룯ꎬ뿆톧맦랶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳룷ퟓ쾵춳늿쏅횰쓜ꎬ뫏샭짨훃믺릹ꎬ폅뮯죋풱뷡릹ꆣ죽쫇볓잿쟸폲헾뢮컯쇷맜샭믺릹훆뛈뮯붨짨뫍헾뢮맜샭탅쾢뮯붨짨ꆣ듳솦췆뷸뗧ퟓ헾컱ꎬ쳡룟릤ퟷ킧싊ꎬ퓶잿믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳짧믡럾컱릦쓜ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ볓뿬쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯엠폽뫍랢햹뗄뛔닟ꆣ쟸폲헾뢮컯쇷맜샭믺릹룄룯맘볼쫇뇤헾뢮횰쓜ꎬ뛸뇤헾뢮횰쓜뗄ퟮ훘튪춾뺶뻍쫇듳솦엠폽뫍랢햹쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯ꆣ떱잰ꎬ엠폽뫍랢햹쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯ꎬ맘볼튪뷢뻶뫃죽룶컊쳢ꆣ튻쫇뒴퓬쳵볾ꎬ죏헦쟥샭ꆢ헻뛙쒿잰퓚쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐듦퓚뗄“맙냬”뗄훐뷩ퟩ횯ꎬ쪵쿖“헾훐럖샫”ꆣ뛾쫇볓잿폐맘훐뷩ퟩ횯뗄솢램ꎬ맦랶쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯뗄탐캪ꆣ죽쫇맄샸폐맘훐뷩ퟩ횯퓚캪짧믡쳡릩럾컱뗄맽돌훐릫욽뺺헹ꎬ폅쪤쇓청ꎬ늻뛏췪짆ퟔ짭ꎬ쳡룟럾컱훊솿ꆣ듓뎤풶맛뗣뾴ꎬ횻폐붡좫믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐훐뷩ퟩ횯뗄쿠맘솢램ꎬ볓잿볠맜ꎬ닅쓜듓룹놾짏놣횤쿠맘훐뷩ퟩ횯뗄솼탔랢햹ꆣ 뒴붨릵춨믺훆 캪쇋놣헏믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳헽뎣퓋탐폫랢햹ꎬ킭뗷뒦샭룷훖샻틦맘쾵,뎩춨뗄샻틦뇭듯쟾뗀,럡뢻뫍삩듳룷훖탎쪽뗄쏱훷,퓲탨튪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚룷벶헾뢮폫샻틦쿠맘헟붨솢웰뮥뚯쪽뗄릵춨믺훆ꆣ 뗚튻ꎬ뇤쟸폲헾뢮뗄볛횵쾵춳:듓맜샭헟훐탄떽샻틦쿠맘헟훐탄ꆣ뒫춳뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쓚늿탐헾맜샭쒣쪽뇈뷏잿뗷쟸폲헾뢮뗄맜훆횰쓜ꎬ웤볛횵쾵춳붨솢퓚ퟔ컒훐탄ꆢ맜샭헟훐탄뗄탄샭뫍쳥훆뚨캻믹뒡짏ꎬ쟸폲헾뢮폫샻틦쿠맘헟훷 49
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 튪쫇튻훖ꆰ맜훆—럾듓ꆱ탍맘쾵ꎻ뛸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿탂뗄탐헾맜샭쒣쪽잿뗷쟸폲헾뢮뗄럾컱횰쓜,웤볛횵쾵춳붨솢퓚맘쾵샻틦헟훐탄ꆢ럾컱뛔쿳훐탄뗄탄샭뫍쳥훆뚨캻믹뒡짏,웤폫맘쾵샻틦헟뗄맘쾵튲훷튪쫇튻훖ꆰ럾컱—킭짌ꆱ탍뗄맘쾵ꆣ헢훖맜샭쒣쪽뫍샭쓮뗄뇤늻뷶튪쟳쟸폲헾뢮뗄횰쓜훘탄튪평훘ꆰ짧믡맜훆ꆱ쿲훘ꆰ릫릲럾컱ꆱ뇤ꎬ튲튪쟳폐맘믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨뗄쿠맘쟸폲헾뢮릫횰죋풱튪뇤좨솦맛쓮ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ췘뿭늢뎩춨릵춨쟾뗀:릹붨뛠풪뮯뗄릵춨쳥쾵ꆣ뎩춨뗄뛠풪뮯뗄릵춨쟾뗀쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨뗄탅쾢폐킧뒫능벰쮫랽솼탔뮥뚯뗄잰쳡뫍믹뒡ꎬ쿖쪵훐뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿릵춨쟾뗀뗄폐쿞뫍늻뎩틔벰릵춨쳥쾵뗄늻췪짆틑돉캪쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨훐쟸폲헾뢮쪵쿖폫샻틦쿠맘헟뮥뚯쪽릵춨뇘탫튪뿋럾뗄튻듳헏낭ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ틔램훆뮯놣헏릵춨뗄뺭뎣뮯ꎺ붨솢뫍췪짆쿠맘램싉램맦쳥쾵ꆣ횻폐캪뮥뚯쪽릵춨쳡릩폐킧뗄램싉뫍훆뛈놣헏ꎬ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹훐ꎬ쟸폲헾뢮폫샻틦쿠맘헟뗄릵춨닅쓜뎣맦뮯ꆢ뺭뎣뮯ꆣ틲듋튪뛔쿖폐늻췪짆뗄쿠맘램싉램맦뷸탐탞룄ꆢ췪짆,늢벰쪱뛔튻킩탨튪맦훆뛸죔뒦폚램싉뫍훆뛈뿕냗뗄뗘랽뷸탐맦훆ꎬ쪹횮훆뛈뮯ꆣ 50
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗚컥헂 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨뗄쿠맘붨틩 쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쫇쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄닺컯ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨뫍랢햹춬퇹쫜떽펰쿬쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄룷훖틲쯘뗄펰쿬ꆣ퓚놣헏믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟔ짭췸싧늼뻖ꆢ탅쾢쾵춳ꆢ웳튵쳥쾵틔벰퓋탐믺훆붨짨뗄춬쪱ꎬ뮹탨튪뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쓚췢늿펰쿬틲쯘뷸탐첽쳖ꎬ폐헫뛔탔뗘쳡돶폅뮯붨틩ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뇊헟듓헾뢮틽떼ퟷ폃ꆢ웳튵훷쳥ퟷ폃틔벰짧믡횧독ퟷ폃폐킧랢믓랽쏦뷸탐닻쫶ꎬ틔웚뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄솼뫃퓋ퟷ쳡릩닎뾼ꆣ 믽벫랢믓헾뢮뗄틽떼ퟷ폃 헾뢮쫇쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄ퟜ짨볆쪦ꎬ뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨웰떽뫪맛ꆰ쇬떼ꆢ폅뮯ꆢퟩ횯뫍킭뗷ꆱ뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ폫뒫춳틢틥짏뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쿠뇈ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폅뮯탨튪헾뢮듓틔쿂벸룶랽쏦믽벫랢믓ퟷ폃ꆣ 췆뚯쟸폲컯쇷뺭볃튻쳥뮯ꎬ폅뮯쓚늿뮷뺳 쟸폲뺭볃랢햹쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨뗄믹뒡ꎬ뛸쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯퓲쫇듙뷸뫍췆뚯쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄뇘튪쳵볾ꆣ쟸폲뺭볃랢햹쫇폐ퟔ랢떽ퟔ싉뗄맽돌ꎬ떱쟸폲뺭볃랢햹떽튻뚨돌뛈쪱ꎬ뇘탫틔헾뢮캪훷떼ꎬ듲웆쟸폲쓚늿탐헾쟸폲룮뻝뗄ힴ뿶ꎬ듓헻쳥짏볓뿬쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯랢햹ꎬ캪쟸폲뺭볃뫍쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹쳡릩솼뫃뗄뮷뺳ꆣ틔헾뢮캪훷떼퓚췆뚯쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯ꎬ늻쓜볲떥좡쿻탐헾쟸폲헾닟쳵볾뗄닮뇰ꎬ뮹펦힢틢룹뻝늻춬탐헾쟸폲뺭볃랢햹돌뛈뫍컯쇷믹뒡ힴ뿶뷸탐쟸뇰뛔듽ꆣ 뗚튻ꎬ붵뗍튻쳥뮯뷸돌훐뛔늿럖돇쫐뗄맽뛈돥믷ꆣ뛔늿럖쪵솦뷏죵뗄돇쫐붲ꎬ뮹늻뻟놸뺺헹뗄폅쫆ꎬ틲뛸뫜죝틗퓚뺺헹훐싙캪뺭볃맂떺ꆣ캪뇜쏢쟸폲쓚룶뇰돇쫐돉캪뺺헹뗄컾짼헟ꎬ돽룸폨쯼쏇튻뚨뗄뿭쿞웚뷸탐뗷헻췢ꎬ뮹뿉뷨훺헾뢮뗄뫪맛뗷뿘횰쓜ꎬ붵뗍쯼쏇뗄쯰쪧ꆣ튻튪닉좡킭틩탔럖릤,뇜쏢춬샠컯쇷퓋탐훷쳥횮볤뗄맽뛈뺺헹ꆣ헾뢮뛔춬샠ꆰ샻틦닮뇰늻듳ꆢ쎻폐폅쇓횮럖ꆱ뗄컯쇷퓋탐훷쳥ꎬ벴퓚죎뫎튻랽뗄죃늽늢늻훁폚닺짺첫듳뗄샻틦쯰몦뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ랢믓헾뢮뗄뫪맛뗷뿘횰쓜ꎬ횸떼쿠맘컯쇷퓋탐훷쳥뷸탐킭틩럖릤ꎬ춨맽삩듳컯쇷쫐뎡탨쟳ꎬ쪵쿖컯쇷퓋탐훷쳥쪵쿖맦쒣뺭볃킧틦ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ틔뺭볃샻틦캪얦듸헻뫏쟸폲컯쇷풴ꆣ튻쳥뮯뗄췆뷸탨틀뾿쟸폲쓚돇쫐뗄릲춬얬솦ꎬ돽퓚쮼쿫짏듯돉릲쪶췢ꎬ뮹뇘탫붨솢릲춬뗄샻틦믹뒡ꎬ뛸늻펦뷶 51
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뷶탎돉튻훖ꆰ듭캻ꆱ랢햹ꆣ춨맽뛔쟸폲쓚춬샠컯쇷웳튵풴헻뫏뷸튻늽삩듳웤퓋ퟷ맦쒣ꎬ룄뇤쟸폲쓚컯쇷ꆰ킡뛸좫ꆱ뗄랢햹쒣쪽ꎬ쪹쟸폲쓚룷돇쫐룹뻝ퟔ짭컯쇷풴뇼뢳쳘헷ꎬ쏷좷룷ퟔ퓚쟸폲컯쇷뗄뚨캻뫍ퟷ폃ꎬ춨맽짮뮯컯쇷닺튵럖릤,붨솢뫏샭뗄쟸폲컯쇷닺튵럖릤쳥쾵ꆣ룹뻝랢믓폅쫆뫍릲춬랢햹뗄횸떼쮼쿫ꎬ훰늽듲웆탐헾쟸뮮뷧쿞ꎬ춳돯맦뮮뫍믽벫쳡룟놾뗘쟸컯쇷퓋탐ꆰ훷떼헟ꆱ뗄벼쫵쮮욽ꆣ쪹쟸폲쓚컯쇷퓋탐헟쓜릻뫏샭럖릤ꎬ늢퓚듋믹뒡짏훰늽좡쿻쟸폲쓚룷뗘쟸횮볤뗄퓋쫤뇚생ꎬ잿뮯쟸폲헻쳥랢햹뗄맛쓮ꎬ쪹쟸폲쓚늻춬뗘쟸뗄컯쇷튪쯘쓜ퟔ평헻뫏샻폃ꎬ쪹쟸폲쓚룷돇쫐컯쇷뗄뺭볃샻틦폐킧뷡뫏웰살ꎬ탎돉쟸폲컯쇷뺭볃럖릤폫뫏ퟷ뗄춳튻듳쫐뎡ꎬ틀뾿쫐뎡뗷뷚쪹럖릤폫뫏ퟷ듯떽ퟮ폅ퟩ뫏ꎬ쪹쟸폲컯쇷헻쳥샻틦듯떽ퟮ병ꆣ 듙뷸훆퓬튵폫컯쇷튵죚뫏ꎬ톰쟳킭춬킧펦 훆퓬튵폫컯쇷닺튵뗄뫍킳랢햹ꆢ킭뗷퓋ퟷ볈쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨뗄돶랢뗣튲쫇실뷅뗣ꆣ훆퓬튵뫍컯쇷닺튵뗄죚뫏쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉쫬랢햹뗄훘튪뇪횾ꎬ뛸헾뢮퓚췆뚯훆퓬튵뫍컯쇷닺튵죚뫏뗄맽돌훐웰ퟅ컞뿉쳦듺뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ헾뢮펦퓚돤럖죏쪶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆰ틔죋캪놾ꆢ뗀슷쿈탐ꆢ닺튵쟽뚯ꆢ탅쾢헻뫏ꆢ킭춬뷸뮯ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ붨솢쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹쇬떼킡ퟩꎬ춳돯늻춬돇쫐컯쇷쳥쾵뗄뫍킳랢햹ꆣ퓚캪훆퓬튵닺튵벯뻛쟸쳡릩솼뫃컯쇷퓋쫤췸싧횧돖뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ췆뚯훆퓬튵폫컯쇷튵릲쿭뗄탅쾢욽첨붨짨ꎬ춨맽맄샸뫍엠퇸쫊펦쟸폲훆퓬튵랢햹튪쟳뗄튵뮯ꆢ탅쾢뮯뫍쿖듺뮯뗄뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵듙뷸닺튵볤뗄죚뫏ꎻ맄샸듳탍훆퓬웳튵ퟔ펪컯쇷쿲뛀솢뗄뗚죽랽컯쇷뇤ꎬ췆뚯쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷풴뗄폐킧샻폃ꆣ떱좻ꎬ캪쇋돤럖랢믓웤퓚틔훆퓬튵캪훷떼닺튵뗄쟸폲뺭볃뿬쯙랢햹훐뗄ퟷ폃뫍폅쫆ꎬ맘볼뗄쫇튪실쪵훆뛈뮯뗄킭뗷믺훆살좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄폅뮯랢햹ꆣ 뒴붨솼뫃뗄컯쇷헾닟욽첨ꎬ쳡릩헾닟놣헏 쟸폲뺭볃뫍쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄랢햹탨튪쟸폲헾뢮뷸탐뫪맛뗷뿘뫍틽떼ꎬ뛸헾뢮뛔탐튵뗄틽떼훷튪쳥쿖퓚듙뷸탐튵랢햹뗄쿠맘헾닟훆뚨ꆣ튪듙뷸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄랢햹뫍폅뮯ꎬ튲탨튪헾뢮룹뻝쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄튪쟳틔벰쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄쳘탔ꎬ폐헫뛔탔훆뚨쿠맘헾닟ꎬ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹쳡릩솼뫃뗄헾닟놣헏ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷헾닟믹뒡욽첨뗄붨솢ꎬ펦룃냼몬쟸폲컯쇷헾닟램맦쳥쾵뗄릹붨ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄솪뚯믺훆ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷죋닅엠퇸뫍놣헏쳥쾵ꆢ컯쇷뇪ힼ쳥쾵틔벰쪱킧탔뗄컯쇷폅믝헾닟듫쪩뗈랽쏦ꆣ늢붫믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳헾닟욽첨듲퓬돉ꆰ췆뚯쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹ꆢ캬돖쟸폲컯쇷뺭볃붡뾵랢햹ꆱ뗄헾닟횧돖쳥쾵ꆣ 52
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 믽벫랢믓웳튵뗄훷쳥ퟷ폃 웳튵쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뗄캢맛믹뒡ꎬ쫇췆뚯믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뗄풭뚯솦ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋ퟷ뗄뫃뮵맘볼퓚폚웳튵훷쳥ퟷ폃뗄랢믓ꆣ틲듋ꎬ튪믽벫랢믓웳튵뗄훷쳥ퟷ폃ꎬ춨맽맄샸훆퓬웳튵뫍컯쇷웳튵뗄죚뫏쪵쿖킭춬뷸뮯ꎬ춨맽듲퓬튵뮯뗄컯쇷웳튵췆뚯컯쇷럾컱뗄짽벶ꎬ춨맽엠폽뢴뫏탍컯쇷죋닅ꎬ쯜퓬웳튵뫋탄뺺헹솦ꆣ 릹붨훆퓬웳튵훷떼뗄컯쇷솪쏋ꎬ톰쟳킭춬뷸뮯 쿖듺컯쇷웳튵쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쇩믪ꎬ쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뫋탄샭쓮뗄벯훐쳥쿖ꆣ쟸폲쓚훆퓬웳튵ퟔ짭탐캪뗄뇤뇘좻떼훂뛔쟸폲컯쇷럾컱튪쟳뗄뇤ꎬ듓뛸돉캪컯쇷웳튵릹붨뗄믹놾틀뻝ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐컯쇷솪쏋뗄릹붨뻍쫇뛔훆퓬웳튵훐컯쇷럾컱튵뮯ꆢ튻쳥뮯뫍벯훐뮯튪쟳쯹ퟶ돶뗄랴펦ꆣ싺ퟣ쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄쟸폲컯쇷럾컱뗄쳡릩헟훷튪듦퓚틔쿂벸훖샠탍ꎺ튻쫇훆퓬웳튵컯쇷ꎬ평훆퓬튵ퟔ짭쳡릩짺닺뺭펪랶캧쓚뗄컯쇷럾컱ꎬ춬쪱뮹뿉틔붫쪣폠뗄컯쇷럾컱뷸탐뛔췢럾컱ꎻ뛾쫇튵뮯뗄뗚죽랽컯쇷ꎬ벯훐폚쒳튻랽쏦뗄컯쇷튵컱쳡릩튵뮯럾컱ꎻ죽쫇튻쳥뮯컯쇷뷢뻶랽낸쳡릩짌——뗚쯄랽컯쇷ꆣ죽훖컯쇷럾컱쳡릩헟횻폐쿠뮥럖릤ꆢ쿠뮥뫏ퟷ닅쓜릻볈쓜놣헏쟸폲뺭볃랢햹ꎬ폖쪹뗃컯쇷풴뗃떽뫏샭뗄럖엤뫍쪹폃ꎬ쳡룟뺭볃퓋탐뗄ퟜ쳥훊솿ꆣ틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄랢햹폅뮯펦떱뫏샭췆뚯훆퓬웳튵ퟔ펪컯쇷ꆢ뗚죽랽컯쇷뫍뗚쯄랽컯쇷뗄뫍킳랢햹ꎬ틔죽훖컯쇷횮볤뗄뫏샭럖릤뫍솪뫏뮥늹탎돉쟸폲컯쇷솪쏋ꎬ틔웤킭춬폅쫆췆뚯쟸폲뺭볃랢햹ꆣ 듲퓬튵뮯컯쇷웳튵ꎬ췆뚯쟸폲컯쇷럾컱짽벶 탂탍훆퓬튵뗄랢햹틔훆퓬웳튵뫋탄뺺헹쓜솦엠퇸캪잰쳡ꎬ쫇붨솢퓚웳튵볤뗄뫏샭럖릤ꆢ폐킧뫏ퟷ믹뒡짏뗄훆퓬튵ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟷ캪쟸폲훆퓬튵뗄훘튪횧독ꎬ뇘탫싺ퟣ훆퓬웳튵컯쇷췢냼튵컱뗄탨튪ꆣ뛸훆퓬웳튵컯쇷럾컱튪쟳럗랱뢴퓓ꎬ틲듋ꎬ횻폐뻟놸뺺헹폅쫆늢쓜릻캪훆퓬웳튵쳡릩폅훊튵뮯럾컱뗄컯쇷웳튵ꎬ닅쓜뗃틔짺듦뫍랢햹ꆣ튪돉캪튵뮯뗄컯쇷웳튵훷튪폐솽훖톡퓱ꎬ튻쫇뗍돉놾퓋ퟷꎬ틔ퟔ짭붡좫뗄컯쇷췸싧ꆢ쇩쏴폐킧뗄탅쾢쾵춳ꎬ잿듳뗄맦쒣뺭볃캪웳튵쳡릩뇣뷝ꆢ룟킧ꆢ뗍돉놾뗄컯쇷럾컱ꎻ뛾쫇춨맽튵뮯뗄컯쇷럾컱ꎬ캪웳튵닺욷쿺쫛쳡릩룼룟뗄뢽볓볛횵ꎬ캪쳘쫢탐튵뗄쳘쫢닺욷쳡릩튵뗄컯쇷럾컱ꆣ듋췢ꎬ튵뮯컯쇷웳튵뗄듲퓬ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷럾컱뗄폅뮯짽벶뮹쳥쿖퓚ꎬ컯쇷럾컱쒣쪽뫍ퟩ횯쒣쪽뗄뒴탂ꎬ평늻춬샠탍컯쇷웳튵뷸탐킭뗷춳튻ꎬ릲춬캪쒳튻웳튵쳡릩좫랽캻ꆢ쾵춳훜떽뗄컯쇷럾컱ꎬ싺ퟣ뿍뮧늻춬쟩뺰ꆢ늻춬뮷뺳ꆢ늻춬뿍뮧뛔 53
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 컯쇷럾컱뗄튪쟳ꆣ 엠폽뢴뫏탍죋닅ꎬ쯜퓬컯쇷웳튵뗄뫋탄뺺헹솦 죋닅쫇벼쫵뒴탂뗄뚯솦ꎬ쫇맜샭폅뮯뫍웳튵뫋탄쓜솦엠퇸뗄맘볼튪쯘ꎬ컯쇷웳튵쓜럱돉캪췆뚯쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄훷쳥ꎬ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐헦헽돉캪쟸폲훆퓬튵뫍쟸폲랢햹뗄훘튪췆뚯ퟷ폃ꎬ맘볼퓚폚컯쇷닺튵죋닅엠퇸ꆢ뻛벯틔벰퓋폃뗄쓜솦ꆣ퓚싲랽쫐뎡뮷뺳쿂ꎬ탨쟳뻶뚨릩룸ꎬ컯쇷ퟷ캪럾컱탔탐튵ꎬ웤랢햹좡뻶폚웤쯻닺튵뛔컯쇷럾컱뗄튪쟳ꎬ틲듋ꎬퟷ캪웳튵뫋탄튪쯘뗄컯쇷죋닅뇘탫뻟놸컯쇷뫍웤쯻탐튵뗄뢴뫏횪쪶ꆣ횻폐틔죋닅캪쟅솺닅쓜췆뚯훆퓬튵뫍컯쇷튵뗄죚뫏ꎬ헦헽쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붡뾵뿬쯙랢햹ꆣ컯쇷뢴뫏탍죋닅뗄엠퇸쫗쿈튪솢ퟣ폚컯쇷웳튵놾짭ꎬ웳튵컯쇷죋닅뗄톡좡늻펦뷶뻖쿞폚쒳튻탐튵믲튵ꎬ펦붫늻춬튵횪쪶놳뺰뗄죋뷸탐죚뫏ꎬ폅쫆뮥늹릲춬췆뚯컯쇷럾컱뗄짽벶ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ췆뚯컯쇷웳튵뫍웤럾컱뛔쿳훆퓬웳튵볤튵뮯뛔뿚컯쇷죋닅뗄릲춬엠퇸ꎬ캪웳튵튵뮯ꆢ쳘쫢컯쇷럾컱뚨쿲엠퇸컯쇷죋닅ꆣ듋췢ꎬ뮹펦듓헾뢮닣쏦볓듳짧믡컯쇷엠통뗄맣뛈뫍솦뛈ꎬ춨맽늻춬뷗뛎ꆢ늻춬닣듎컯쇷죋닅뗄엠퇸싺ퟣ쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뛔컯쇷뗄탨튪ꆣ 믽벫랢믓짧믡뗄횧독ퟷ폃 퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹폅뮯맽돌훐ꎬ튪랢믓헾뢮뗄틽떼ퟷ폃뫍웳튵뗄훷쳥ퟷ폃ꎬ샫늻뾪웤삵틔짺듦뗄짧믡뮷뺳ꎬ틲캪횻폐퓚폫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹택웝쿠맘뗄짧믡횧독쳥쾵훰늽췪짆늢랢믓웤ퟷ폃뗄잰쳡쿂ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳닅쓜릻헦헽돉캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄횧훹ꆣ뷓쿂살ꎬ컒쏇붫듓틔쿂벸룶랽쏦살췪짆믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄짧믡횧독쳥쾵ꆣ 볓잿붻춨췸싧붨짨ꎬ톰쟳춨뗀뇣뷝뮯 쟸폲붻춨췸싧쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ쫇쟸폲쓚늿짌욷쇷춨뗄훷튪춨뗀ꎬ튲쫇쟸폲뺭볃뗃틔돖탸ꆢ붡뾵ꆢ뿬쯙랢햹뗄폐킧퓘쳥ꆣ좱랦쿈뷸ꆢ췪짆뗄쟸폲붻춨췸싧ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳튲붫돉캪뿕훐슥룳ꎬ쪧좥쇋퓋탐뗄룹믹ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾킡뷚붫듓틔쿂벸룶랽쏦볓잿쟸폲붻춨췸싧붨짨ꎬ틔쳡짽컯쇷쪵쳥춨뗀뗄뇣뷝돌뛈ꆣ 뗚튻ꎬ췸싧붨짨뗀슷쿈탐ꎬ췆뚯쟸폲쳺ꆢ릫ꆢ쮮슷쏦랢햹ꆣ뗀슷짨쪩쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ쫇쟸폲컯쇷췸싧훐룷컯쇷뷚뗣릵춨뗄쟅솺ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳펦룹믹쟸폲쓚늿늻춬뗘쟸뗀슷짨쪩랢햹ힴ뿶틔벰뺭볃랢햹뗄탨튪ꎬ췆뚯쳺슷ꆢ릫슷뫍쮮슷붻춨짨쪩뗄랢햹ꎬ춨맽뛠훖퓋쫤랽쪽캪쟸폲컯쇷랢햹쳡릩춨슷ꆣ듳솦랢햹쳺ꆢ릫ꆢ쮮뗈늻춬퓋쫤랽쪽횮볤뗄컞러솴뷓ꎬ틔뛠쪽 54
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 솪퓋랽쪽뗄랢햹쳡룟쟸폲컯쇷퓋ퟷ킧싊뫍퓋ퟷ돉놾ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ틔컯쇷훐탄캪믹뒡ꎬ뫏샭늼뻖쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣붨짨ꆣ컯쇷믹뗘ꆢ컯쇷훐탄뫍엤쯍훐탄쫇쟸폲컯쇷췸싧훐뗄훘튪뷚뗣ꎬ쫇쟸폲쓚믵컯퓋쫤뗄훐햾뫍쇷춨볓릤뗄훘튪뮷뷚ꆣ컯쇷뷚뗣뗄뗘샭럖늼ꆢ닣듎릹돉틔벰붨짨쮮욽횱뷓뻶뚨쟸폲컯쇷랢햹맽돌훐돉놾뗄룟뗍ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨ꎬ펦퓚뿆톧맦뮮뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ룹믹쟸폲뺭볃랢햹탨튪뫍닺튵벯뻛ힴ뿶ꎬ뫏샭늼뻖컯쇷뷚뗣ꎬ릹붨틔컯쇷믹뗘캪뫋탄ꎬ컯쇷훐탄뫍엤쯍훐탄쿠뷡뫏뗄쟸폲컯쇷좦ꆣ틔컯쇷좦뫍컯쇷듸뗄랢햹캪믹뒡듸뚯헻룶쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄좫쏦랢햹ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ뗣쿟뷡뫏ꎬ놣헏쟸폲컯쇷쪵쳥춨뗀뗄좫쏦뎩춨ꆣ쟸폲붻춨뗀슷뫍쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣쫇쟸폲컯쇷췸싧릹돉뗄뫋탄튪쯘ꎬ뗣쿟뷡뫏릲춬뻶뚨쇋쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄췸싧늼뻖ꆣ쟸폲쓚늿컯뎩웤쇷뗄맘볼퓚폚놣헏쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣뫍컯쇷쿟슷뗄폐믺뷡뫏ꎬ틔쿈뷸뗄뗀슷짨쪩췆뚯믵컯퓚늻춬컯쇷뷚뗣볤뗄쇷뚯ꎬ틔쿖듺뮯뗄컯쇷뷚뗣뫍듦뒢짨쪩ꎬ뿬쯙췪돉늻춬컯쇷쿟슷볤뗄믵컯쇷ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쟸폲췸싧뗄늼뻖뇘탫돤럖뾼싇컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩랢햹뫍쟸폲컯쇷럾컱뗄탨튪ꎬ뗣쿟뷡뫏ꎬ쿠뢨쿠돉ꆣ 듳솦랢햹훐뷩ퟩ횯ꎬ듙뷸맜샭쫐뎡뮯 ퟷ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄짧믡횧독쳥쾵뗄훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ훐뷩ퟩ횯쫇솪뷓헾뢮ꆢ쫐뎡뫍웳튵뗄쟅솺폫얦듸ꎬ쫐뎡뗄헽뎣퓋ퟷ뷨훺폚듳솿뗄훐뷩ퟩ횯ꆣ웤훐늻뷶뷶냼삨컯쇷킭믡뫍탅쾢훐뷩ꎬ춬퇹냼삨뛔쿖듺컯쇷랢햹웰훘듳췆뚯ퟷ폃뗄컯쇷뷰죚ꆢ놣쿕ꆢ춨맘듺샭뗈튵컱ퟩ횯뗄랢햹ꎬ틔뺡뿉쓜뛠뗄죃쫐뎡돤떱쟸폲컯쇷쫐뎡뗄맜샭헟ꆣ뷓쿂살ꎬ놾킡뷚붫듓틔쿂벸룶랽쏦살랢햹뫍ힳ듳훐뷩ퟩ횯ꎬ틔뇣잿뮯믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳맜샭믺릹뗄쫐뎡뮯ꎬ늢죵뮯맜샭믺릹뗄헾뢮뮯ꆣ 뗚튻ꎬ췪짆훐뷩럾컱뷡릹ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄랢햹탨튪폫횮쿠맘뗄훐뷩럾컱ퟩ횯뗄횧돖ꎬ훐뷩뗄랢햹쫗쿈뇭쿖퓚웤뷡릹뗄췪놸ꆣ펦맄샸컯쇷튵뫍쟸폲훆퓬튵킭춬뷸뮯쯹웈쟐탨튪뗄훐뷩죧ꎬ컯쇷뷰죚ꆢ놨맘ꆢ낲볬ꆢ뇪ힼ뮯볬닢뗈믺릹폅쿈랢햹ꎬ췆뚯늻춬훐뷩믺릹쿲컯쇷훐탄뫍컯쇷믹뗘뗈뗘벯뻛ꆣ쇭췢ꎬ뒴탂훐뷩ퟩ횯럾컱쒣쪽ꎺ붫쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋ퟷ쿠맘뗄컯쇷훐뷩럾컱뷸탐뿕볤짏뗄벯훐뫍릦쓜짏뗄뫏샭럖엤ꎬ쪹쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋ퟷ쿠맘뗄떥뻝ꆢ쮰쫕ꆢ춨맘ꆢ볬퇩뗈뿉퓚춳튻럾컱뎡뗘튻듎탔췪돉ꎬ듳듳쳡룟쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋ퟷ킧싊ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ맦랶훐뷩탐튵ퟔ싉ꆣ폫뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳킭춬뷸뮯쿠맘뗄훐뷩믺릹듳뛠쪵탐뗄쫇헾뢮탐헾맜샭폫킭믡탐튵ퟔ싉맜샭쿠뷡뫏뗄맜샭쳥훆ꆣ쪵볹횤쏷ꎬ헢훖맜샭쳥훆늻퓙쫊뫏쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹탨튪ꎬ컞램뫜뫃뗘쫊펦쫐뎡뺭볃랢햹뗄탨튪ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폅뮯랢햹맽돌훐ꎬ쫗쿈튪ퟶ뗄쫇헽 55
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 좷뮮쟥쿠뮥횮볤뗄횰퓰ꎬ쏷좷룷ퟔ뗄맜샭죎컱ꆣ퓚뇤헾뢮탐캪랽쪽뗄춬쪱ꎬ뛔풭폐탐튵킭믡뷸탐맦랶뮯맜샭ꎬ쳡릩탐튵ퟔ싉뗄쮮욽ꎬ룼훘튪쫇쳡룟탐튵킭믡퓚탐튵훐뗄췾췻ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ좷놣훐뷩뗄뛀솢탔ꆣ퓚컒맺ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐뗄훐뷩ퟩ횯ꎬ죧컯쇷킭믡뗈훐뷩ퟩ횯맙냬즫닊첫얨ꎬ늻떫퇏훘쿞훆쇋헢킩ퟩ횯뗄ퟔ훷탔뫍쇩믮탔ꎬ뛸쟒쪹훐뷩ퟩ횯쪧좥쇋삵틔듦퓚뗄맣랺짧믡믹뒡ꎬ쪹쯼쏇쓑틔냧퇝훐뷩ퟩ횯뗄뷇즫ꎬ늻쓜돉캪헾뢮폫믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릵춨헟폫킭뗷헟ꆣ틲듋ꎬ컒쏇펦뒴퓬쳵볾ꎬ엠퇸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄훐뷩ퟩ횯뗄뛀솢탔ꆣ내헕붨솢짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃쳥훆뗄튪쟳ꎬ퓚볓잿믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뫪맛맜샭뗄춬쪱ꎬ냑쓇킩뿉틔평훐뷩ퟩ횯돐떣뗄횰쓜죃룸쯼쏇ꎬ복짙웤횱뷓맜샭뫍캢맛맜샭횰쓜ꎬ붫믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿탐튵탔ꆢ짧믡탔뫍릫틦탔쫂컱뺡뿉쓜붻룸훐뷩ퟩ횯살횴탐ꆣ 탎돉폅풽쫐뎡뮷뺳ꎬ좷놣쫐뎡릫욽뮯 쫐뎡랢햹샫늻뾪웤삵틔짺듦뗄뮷뺳ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟷ폃뗄폐킧랢믓튲탨튪쫐뎡뮷뺳뗄뺻뮯뫍릫욽뺺헹훆뛈뗄탎돉ퟷ캪횧독ꆣ뛸캪쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쳡릩솼뫃뗄퓋ퟷ뮷뺳ꎬ웤훷튪뮹쫇횸캪쟸폲쓚늿컯쇷웳튵뗄랢햹쳡릩맣삫뗄짺듦뿕볤뫍릫욽뺺헹뗄욽첨ꆣ 뗚튻ꎬ볓뿬램훆붨짨ꆢ캪릫욽뺺헹쳡릩램싉틀뻝ꆣ램훆붨짨쫇릫욽뺺헹뗄잰쳡ꎬ쫇솼뫃쫐뎡뮷뺳붨짨뗄뇘튪쳵볾떫늻쫇돤럖쳵볾ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뮹탨튪헾뢮늿쏅뿆톧횴램뫍춳튻횴램돟뛈뗄붨짨ꎬ헦헽ퟶ떽폐램뿉틀ꆢ폐램뇘틀ꆢ캥램뇘뺿ꆢ횴램뇘퇏ꆣ춳튻횴램돟뛈탨튪쟸폲쓚늿늻춬탐헾뗘쟸횴램늿쏅뗄솼뫃릵춨뫍엤뫏ꎬ닅쓜헦헽ퟶ떽믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뺺헹뮷뺳뗄폅뮯뫍뺻뮯ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ뗷헻쫐뎡뷡릹ꎬ럀횹쫐뎡슢뛏뫍맽뛈뺺헹ꆣ쿖뷗뛎컒맺쟸폲컯쇷튵뗄랢햹틑뺭훰늽냚췑풭폐맺폐웳튵슢뛏뗄룱뻖ꎬ떫듳뛠컯쇷웳튵죔좻뒦폚웰늽뷗뛎ꎬ뺺헹뛠틔볛룱뺺헹캪훷ꎬ웳튵랢햹좱랦쿈뷸벼쫵뫍맜샭샭쓮뗄횧독ꆣ헾뢮ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄볠뮤헟ꎬ펦맄샸쟸폲컯쇷웳튵뗄랢햹ꎬ짵훁춨맽폅쇓웳튵볤뗄볦늢훘ퟩꆢ맜샭뫍벼쫵뗄쫤돶췆뚯웳튵뗄뫏ퟷ뫍늢릺ꆣ춬쪱펦퓚맄샸쫐뎡훷쳥랢햹뗄춬쪱ꎬ럀횹짙쫽듳탍웳튵뛔쫐뎡뗄슢뛏ꎬ퓚쫐뎡뺺헹뫍슢뛏볤톰쟳ퟮ폅욽뫢뗣ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ볓쯙쫐뎡쳥훆룄룯ꎬ복짙웳튵볤늻릫욽듽폶ꆣ룄룯뾪럅틔살ꎬ쟸폲뺭볃뗃떽뿬쯙랢햹ꎬ듳솿췢펿죫훐맺ꎬ췆쇋닺튵짽벶튲캪맺쓚웳튵랢햹듸살룼듳뗄쳴햽ꆣ컯쇷튵랢햹맽돌훐ꎬ룷뗘헾뢮춨맽룷훖폅믝헾닟컼틽췢뷸죫ꎬ뛸맺쓚 56
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 웳튵좴쿊폐웳튵믱듋쫢죙ꆣ쓚췢웳튵볤듦퓚ퟅ퇏훘뗄쮰쫕ꆢ췁뗘돉놾뗈랽쏦뗄닮틬ꆣ웤듎ꎬ컒맺샺살듦퓚맺폐웳튵뫍쏱펪웳튵듻뿮솽훖듽폶뗄쿈탐ꎬ뷰?랦퇏훘펰쿬떽쏱펪컯쇷웳튵뗄랢햹ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쓚ꆢ췢닮뇰ꆢ맺ꆢ쏱닮뇰쮫훘톹솦쪹뗃컒맺쟸폲쓚쏱펪컯쇷웳튵랢햹퇏훘훍뫳ꆣ뇘탫듓쳥훆돶랢ꎬ룄뇤웳튵볤늻릫욽듽폶뗄쿖쿳ꎬ캪컯쇷웳튵랢햹쳡릩릫욽ꆢ릫헽ꆢ릫뾪뗄퓋ퟷ뮷뺳뫍랢햹욽첨ꆣ 57
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗚쇹헂 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗄쪵횤럖컶 뚼쫐좦뗄탎돉쫇쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄닺컯ꎬ뚼쫐좦캪듺뇭뗄쟸폲뺭볃퓶뎤틑뺭돉캪훐맺뺭볃랢햹뗄퓶뎤벫ꎬ퓚좫맺뺭볃랢햹훐뗄ퟷ폃죕틦춻돶ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쫇틔쓏뺩캪훐탄돇쫐뗄뚼쫐좦뺭볃솪뫏쳥ꎬ뺭맽20뛠쓪뗄뺭볃룟쯙퓶뎤ꎬ닺튵랢햹뻟폐쇋쿠떱뗄맦쒣뫍쮮욽ꎬ펵폐쇋뚼쫐좦컯쇷랢햹ퟮ믹놾뗄쫐뎡쳵볾뫍쿖쪵탨쟳ꎬ웤훐뻞듳럝뛮뗄탂탍훆퓬튵뛔쿖듺컯쇷튵뗄탨쟳룼쫇췺쪢ꎬ믮풾뗄훆퓬튵쫇뚼쫐좦컯쇷랢햹뗄쳬좻믹뒡ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ퓚잰쏦맘폚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳샭싛쳥쾵퇐뺿뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ놾헂틔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦벰컯쇷쳥쾵럖컶캪웰뗣ꎬ듓뚨솿뗄뷇뛈럖컶쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄맘솪뛈ꎬ틔뇣좫쏦ꆢ짮죫뗘닻쫶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쳥쾵릹붨뗄뇘좻탔뫍뇘튪탔ꎻ좻뫳ꎬ듓뿆톧늼뻖ꆢ헾닟틽떼ꆢ췸싧놣헏ꆢ웳튵엠폽쯄룶랽쏦뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹퇐뺿ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳릹붨뗄뇘튪탔 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦벰컯쇷쳥쾵럖컶 쟸폲뺭볃랢햹쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳붨짨뗄틀뻝뫍잰쳡ꎬ탂뮷뺳쿂쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨뇘탫듓쓏뺩쟸폲뺭볃랢햹쿖쪵ힴ뿶돶랢ꆣ틲듋ꎬ컒쏇붫듓쓏뺩뚼쫐좦랢햹ퟜ쳥ힴ뿶ꆢ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쳥쾵릹붨ꆢ탂탍훆퓬튵퓚쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄랢햹쫆춷뗈랽쏦뷸탐퇐뺿ꎬ틔뇣헦헽첽쟳돶쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쳥쾵뗄랢햹슷뺶ꆣ 1.뚼쫐좦랢햹ퟜ쳥ힴ뿶솼뫃 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦ꎬ캻폚뎤붭쇷폲폫뚫늿퇘몣붻믣뗘듸뫍퇘붭퇘몣랢햹뗄붻믣뗣ꎬ뗘샭캻훃짏웰떽ꆰ돐뚫웴컷ꆢ돐쓏뷓놱ꆱ뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ쫇컒맺뚫늿뫍훐컷늿뺭볃랢햹47뗄뮻듸ꆢ쓏랽뫍놱랽뺭볃랢햹뗄붻죚쟸폲ꎬ뻟폐햽싔탔쫠얦뗘캻ꆣퟷ캪뎤붭죽뷇훞뗄놱틭ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦믹뒡닺튵쪵솦탛뫱ꎬ뿆뷌폅쫆쏷쿔ꎬ뻟폐짮뫱뗄컄뮯뗗퓌ꎬ쫇뎤붭죽뷇훞뗘쟸훘튪뗄믹뒡닺튵ꆢ훆퓬튵ꆢ뿆뷌컄뮯믹뗘횮튻ꆣ웤뫋탄돇쫐쓏뺩볈뷓쫜뎤죽뷇쇺춷짏몣뗄럸짤ꎬ폖뢺퓰붫짏몣뗄럸짤틔벰ퟔ짭뗄뺭볃ꆢ뿆벼ꆢ풴폅쫆럸짤떽훜뇟돇쫐ꎬ쓏뺩쳘뚨뗄쟸캻폅쫆뻶뚨쇋쓏뺩뚼쫐좦탎돉뗄뿉쓜탔ꆣ룹뻝쓏뺩뚼쫐좦맦뮮ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄랶캧냼삨ꎺ쓏뺩쫐ꆢ헲붭쫐ꆢ퇯훝 47쇏살풴ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦맦뮮(2002-2020)[C]ꎮ 58
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쫐ꆢ십낰즽쫐ꆢ돼훝쫐ꆢ컟뫾쫐뗄좫늿탐헾쟸폲ꎬ뮴낲쫐뗄쿘ꆢ뷰뫾쿘뫍뎲뫾쫐뗄쫐쟸ꆢ뫍쿘ꆢ몬즽쿘ꆣ 뛸듓“쓏뺩뚼쫐좦”룅쓮쳡돶뾪쪼ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄쟸폲킭뗷폫킭ퟷ컊쳢쯤좻쫜떽폲쓚룷쫐헾뢮ꆢ톧쫵뷧ꆢ웳튵뷧벰룷뷧짧믡폐쪶횮쪿듓늻춬뗄뷇뛈뫍솢뎡햹뾪쳖싛ꎬ쳡돶쇋탭뛠놦맳뗄ꆢ붨짨탔뗄틢볻ꆣ쒿잰뛔ꆰ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦ꆱ랢햹퇐뺿틑뺭짏짽떽쇋죧뫎볓쯙쟸폲뫏ퟷ뫍뺡퓧쪵쿖튻쳥뮯뗄닣쏦ꎬ쟸폲킭뗷믺훆퓚늻뛏짽벶ꆣ쒿잰ꆰ뎤죽뷇ꆱ쓚늿킭뗷믺훆벺뺭폐짦벰죽룶닣쏦뗄쯄룶믡틩ꎺ 2003쓪8퓂ꎬꆰ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뮥뚯랢햹룟닣퇐쳖믡ꆱꎬ랢뇭쇋쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄뫏ퟷ폫랢햹탻퇔ꎻ2004쓪6퓂ꎬꆰ뗚뛾뷬쓏뺩뚼쫐좦랢햹싛첳ꆱꎬ 첽쳖쇋쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄짌좦뗄붨짨폫랢햹ꎻ2005쓪ꎬꆰ뗚뛾뷬쓏뺩뚼쫐좦붨짨싛첳ꆱ첽쳖쇋냋쫐뗄ꆰ쪮튻컥ꆱ붨짨랢햹맦뮮ꎬ늢ퟶ돶쇋냋쫐붨짨늿쏅릲춬뇠훆뚼쫐좦5쓪붨짨맦뮮뗄뻶뚨ꎻ2006쓪11퓂ꎬꆰ뗚죽뷬쓏뺩뚼쫐좦붨짨싛첳ꆱ랢뇭쇋ꆶ돼훝탻퇔ꆷꎬ돶첨ꆶ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦2006—2010쓪5쓪붨짨맦뮮룙튪ꆷꆣ듓헢킩랽쏦뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦랢햹킭ퟷ폫킭뗷믺훆헽퓚훰늽탎돉ꎬ늢뾪쪼쇋평“뛔뮰탔뫏ퟷ”쿲“훆뛈탔뫏ퟷ”뗄뇤ꆣ쇭췢ꎬ룷벶헾뢮ꆢ뺭볃톧뷧ꆢ웳튵뷧틔벰맦뮮뷧뗈뚼퓚좫뻖믲헟ퟔ짭샻틦뗄잣틽쿂훂솦폚듙뷸뫍췆뚯쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄쟸폲킭ퟷ폫킭뗷ꎬ헢뛔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뺭볃킭뗷랢햹살쮵쫇쪮럖폐샻뗄ꆣ 떱좻ꎬ뇘탫쟥컺뗘죏쪶떽ꎬ뿧풽붭쯕ꆢ낲믕솽쪡뛸릹붨뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚돇쫐횮볤뗄뺭볃뮥뚯ꎬ풶럇뒫춳뗄샭싛탔돉맻쯹쓜ퟠ킧ꆣ뚼쫐좦헻뫏랢햹뗄훆뛈붨짨뮹쎻폐탎돉ꎬ틀췐뚼쫐좦랢햹뗄샭쓮뮹쎻폐죚죫돇쫐ퟔ짭랢햹햽싔훐살ꆣ 48퇐뺿랢쿖ꎬ튻쫇탂뷼ꆰ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦ꆱ쟸폲킭뗷쫜맘힢돌뛈쳡룟ꎬ떫뛔ꋙ쓄킩샻틦뫍쎬뛜돥춻쫇탨튪킭뗷뗄ꎬ쓄킩쫇뫏샭뗄쫐뎡뺺헹뫍헾쟸뺺헹?ꋚ쓄킩킭뗷쫇펦룃평쫐뎡뫍짧믡살췆뷸뗄ꎬ쓄킩쫇탨튪헾뢮췆뚯뗄?ꋛ뺿뺹펦룃듓쓄샯햹뾪킭뗷?ꋜ늻춬뗄쇬폲뫍컊쳢펦룃폐퓵쎴퇹뗄킭뗷믺훆뗈뗈ꎬ헢킩쪮럖훘튪뗄컊쳢좴훘쫓늻릻ꆢ퇐뺿늻짮ꆣ뛾쫇쟸폲킭뗷믺훆뾪쪼췆뷸ꎬ늢죕붥탎돉ꎬ떫쪵볊킭뗷쓜솦뫜죵ꆣ뫏ퟷ폫킭뗷믺훆룼뛠뗄듸폐튻훖“쫗뎤믡틩”쳘탔ꎬ웤듳늿럖틢틥뮹쫇퓚폚쿳헷탔뗄탻쪾틢틥ꎬ헦헽돶첨뗄믽벫뿉탐뗄뷢뻶쟸폲컊쳢뫍쎬뛜뗄킭뗷듫쪩뫜짙ꆣ죽쫇쟸폲킭뗷닎폫훷쳥뛠풪뮯ꎬ떫뻟폐훘듳펰쿬솦뗄죔좻횻쫇헾뢮ꆣ듓쿖쪵뗄킧맻뾴살ꎬ헦헽쓜릻랢믓훘듳펰쿬뫍킧솦뗄죔좻횻쫇헾뢮ꆣ 2.쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쳥쾵돵뻟 뻍쒿잰뗄쿖ힴ뛸퇔ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦틑돵늽탎돉틔돇쫐캪뇪ힼ뮮럖뗄컯쇷쳥쾵ꎬ훷튪쫇붫쓏뺩뚼쫐좦럖뮯캪뫋탄닣뫍뷴쏜닣ꆣ 48쟇뻹뗈ꎮ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦짌좦짌쎳붨짨폫랢햹퇐쳖믡ퟛ쫶[J]ꎮ쓏뺩ꎺ쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧톧놨ꎬ2004(4)ꎺ44-48ꎮ 59
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 49틔돇쫐캪뇪ힼ뮮럖뗄컯쇷쳥쾵랽쏦ꎬ붫쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뮮럖캪탎돉튻룶뫋탄ꆢ솽룶좦닣뗄뿕볤뷡릹ꎬ훘뗣랢햹튻듸튻훡죽춨뗀ꆣꋙ튻룶뫋탄ꎺ냼삨쓏뺩훷돇뫍틔훷돇캪뫋탄ꆢ냫뺶풼30릫샯랶캧뗄돇헲뫍잱퓚뗄돇헲랢햹뗘쟸ꎬ벴맦뮮훐뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐랢햹쟸ꆣꋚ솽룶좦닣ꎺ냼삨뫋탄좦닣뫍뷴쏜좦닣ꆣ뫋탄좦닣ꎺ폫뫋탄돇쫐솪쾵뷴쏜ꆢ뷓쫜뫋탄돇쫐잿쇒럸짤ꎬ돇쫐볤쿠뮥ퟷ폃ퟮ잿ꆢퟮ맣랺뗄쟸폲ꆣ맦뮮랶캧냼삨뫋탄돇쫐뫍뻠샫뫋탄돇쫐훐탄풼50릫샯랶캧쓚뗄돇쫐ꎨ헲ꎩ뫍쟸폲ꎬ냼삨쓏뺩쫐ꆢ틇헷쫐ꆢ뻤죝쫐ꆢ십낰즽쫐ꆢ돼훝쫐쟸ꆢ살낲쿘ꆢ좫붷쿘ꆣ뷴쏜좦닣ꎺ폫뫋탄돇쫐솪쾵쏜쟐ꎬ뷓쫜뫋탄돇쫐뗄럸짤ꎬ좦닣뗘듸뷚뗣돇쫐뻟폐쿠떱뗄랢햹맦쒣ꎬ쟒쿠뮥횮볤뻟폐뷏잿뗄뺭볃짧믡솪쾵뗄릦쓜뗘폲ꆣ맦뮮랶캧캪뫋탄좦닣췢캧ꆢ뻠샫뫋탄돇쫐훐탄풼100릫샯랶캧쓚뗄돇쫐ꎨ헲ꎩ뫍쟸폲ꎬ냼삨퇯훝쫐ꆢ헲붭쫐ꆢ컟뫾쫐ꆢ돼훝쫐뗄놱늿ꆢ뎲뫾쫐뗄놱늿ꆢ뮴낲쫐뗄쓏늿뗘쟸ꆣꋛ튻듸튻훡죽춨뗀ꎺ퇘붭돇쫐듸ꎺ냼삨쓏뺩ꆢ퇯훝ꆢ헲붭ꆢ십낰즽ꆢ컟뫾뗈5룶짨쟸쫐틔벰틇헷ꆢ붭뚼ꆢ떱춿ꆢ뫍쿘뗈쿘ꎨ쫐ꎩꆣ돇헲랢햹훡ꎺ놱듓뷰뫾ꆢ뾪쪼ꎬ뺭쳬뎤ꆢ쓏뺩ꆢ쮮훁룟뒾ꆣ죽쳵춨뗀ꎺ쓏뺩훁뻤죝늢퇓짬떽쯕컽뎣뚼쫐좦뮷첫뫾뗘쟸ꆢ틋ꎨ탋ꎩꎨ퇴ꎩ뷰ꎨ첳ꎩ쟰쇪즽쟸춨뗀ꎬ쓏뺩훁돼훝ꆢ쏷맢ꆢ럯퇴춨뗀ꎬ쓏뺩훁좫붷ꆢ뫏럊춨뗀ꆣ 뛸헢퇹뗄컯쇷쳥쾵좴쎻폐쓜릻쳥쿖내헕췪좫컯쇷틢틥짏틔컯쇷훐탄캪듺뇭뗄쟸폲컯쇷쳥쾵ꆣ뺿웤풭틲ꎬ훷튪쫇틲캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쳥쾵붨짨훐ꎬ틲룷볓쏋돇쫐횮볤뺭볃랢햹뗄럇뻹뫢탔ꎬ떼훂쿖뷗뛎쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚듳탍컯쇷훐탄믲컯쇷풰쟸뚼벯훐퓚뫋탄돇쫐쓏뺩ꎬ웤쯼돇쫐훐컯쇷훐탄붨짨쿠뛔뷏짙ꆣ뛸떼훂헢훖쿖쿳닺짺뗄룼짮닣듎뗄풭틲쫇ꎺ좱랦춳튻뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷맦뮮ꎻ뚼쫐좦컯쇷풴럖늼늻뻹ꎻ뫋탄돇쫐릦쓜뚨캻쒣뫽ꆣ 3.탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹쫆춷잿뺢 ퟷ캪뿧풽쯕췮뗄뺭볃뫏ퟷ쟸ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄뺭볃랢햹맽돌훐ꎬ럖쫴폚붭쯕뫍낲믕뗄늻춬돇쫐ꎬ웤돇쫐랢햹돌뛈뻟폐쏷쿔뗄닮뻠ꆣ퓚뺭볃랢햹쮮욽랽쏦ꎬ럖쫴붭쯕뗄룷돇쫐뺭볃랢햹쏷쿔룟폚낲믕쪡쓚돇쫐ꎬ뺭볃랢햹돊쿖ꆰ뚫쓏룟ꎬ컷놱뗍ꆱ50뗄룱뻖ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦틔듲퓬쫀뷧벶훆퓬튵훐탄캪쒿뇪ꎬ훘뗣랢햹탂탍훆퓬튵ꎬ뻟쳥뇭쿖듓웤훷튪돇쫐닺튵럖늼ힴ뿶뿉틔뾴돶ꆣ 뇭 2004쓪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦훷튪돇쫐늻춬닺튵쯹햼뇈훘ힴ뿶ꎨ떥캻ꎺ틚풪/%ꎩ GDP 뗚튻닺튵 뗚뛾닺튵 뗚죽닺튵 쓏뺩 퇯훝 49샮잰쾲뗈ꎮ뚫뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쿖ힴ벰랢햹쟷쫆[J]ꎮ붻춨퓋쫤쾵춳릤돌폫탅쾢ꎬ2007(2)ꎺ33-36ꎮ 50헅죊쟅ꎮ뚼쫐좦췢캧돇쫐랢햹퇐뺿[D]ꎮ쓏뺩ꎺ쓏뺩쪦랶듳톧ꎬ2003ꎮ 60
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 헲붭 컟뫾십낰즽 76 돼훝뎲뫾 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦헻쳥 쫽뻝살풴ꎺ훐뺭쫽뻝췸 80706050뗚튻닺튵40뗚뛾닺튵뗚죽닺튵3020100뺩훝붭뫾즽훝뫾쓏퇯헲컟낰돼뎲십 춼 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦훷튪돇쫐04쓪닺튵뷡릹(떥캻ꎺꎥ) 뗚튻닺튵%뗚죽닺튵%뗚뛾닺튵% 춼 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦닺튵뷡릹ힴ뿶 평춼뿉횪ꎬ퓚쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄ퟩ돉돉풱훐ꎬ닺튵늼뻖뚼틔뗚뛾닺튵캪훷ꎬ쟒뗚뛾닺튵퓚헻룶맺쏱뺭볃훐뗄뇈훘뚼퓚퓚50ꎥ틔짏ꎨ돼훝뎲뫾캪48ꎥꎩꆣ십낰즽쫐뗚뛾닺튵퓚맺쏱뺭볃훐햼뻸뛔훷떼뗘캻ꎬ쯹햼뇈훘듯떽쇋76ꎥꎻ뫋탄돇쫐쓏뺩뗚뛾닺튵뇈훘튲듯떽쇋52ꎥꆣ헻룶뚼쫐좦헻쳥ꎬ뗚뛾닺튵뇈훘듯떽ꎥꎬ뗚튻닺튵뇈훘뷶폐ꎥꆣ 쇭췢ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦훆퓬튵랢햹맽돌훐틑뺭훰늽탎돉ퟔ짭닺튵벯뻛쿖쿳ꎬ좦쓚돇쫐닺튵늼뻖볈폐솪쾵폖폐쟸뇰ꎬ룷뻟쳘즫ꆣ쓏뺩뗄횧훹닺튵캪뗧ퟓ벰춨톶짨놸훆퓬튵ꆢ뮯톧풭쇏벰뮯톧훆욷훆퓬튵ꆢ웻뎵훆퓬튵ꆢ뫚즫뷰쫴튱솶벰톹퇓훆퓬튵ꆢ 61
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗧웷믺킵벰웷닄훆퓬튵ꆢ웕춨짨놸훆퓬튵ꎻ퇯훝쫐뗄횧훹닺튵캪웻뎵뫍뒬늰훆퓬ꆢ믺뗧ꆢ뺫쾸뮯릤ꆢ뮯쿋횯컯벰럾ힰꆢ쪳욷벰냼ힰꎻ헲붭쫐뗄횧훹닺튵캪뮯릤ꆢ퓬횽ꆢ붨닄벰싁튵ꎻ돼훝쫐뗄횧훹닺튵캪믺킵ꆢ뗧ퟓꆢ틇웷ꆢ뮯릤ꆢ쟡럄ꆢ붨닄ꎻ십낰즽쫐뗄횧훹닺튵캪룖쳺뫍쳘훖뎵솾훆퓬ꎻ컟뫾쫐뗄횧훹닺튵캪탂탍붨닄ꆢ웻뎵벰웻뎵쇣늿볾ꆢ뗧ퟓ뗧웷ꎻ뎲뫾쫐(몬즽쿘폫뫍쿘)뗄횧훹닺튵캪붨닄ꆢ믺킵ꆢ럄횯ꆢ쟡릤뫍쪳욷ꎻ뮴낲쫐뗄횧훹닺튵캪(룎첥쿘뫍뷰뫾쿘)뮯릤ꆢ럄횯ꆢ믺킵ꆢ퇌닝ꆢ튱뷰ꆣ 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃맘쾵럖컶 틔짏뛔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦벰컯쇷쳥쾵뗄좫쏦죏쪶ꎬ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨ퟶ쇋뫜뫃뗄워뗦ꆣ놾킡뷚붫헫뛔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃횮볤뗄맘쾵뷸탐퇐뺿ꎬ틔뷸튻늽닻쫶릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗄뇘튪탔뫍뇘좻탔ꆣ 컯쇷튵랢햹폫쟸폲뺭볃랢햹택웝쿠맘ꎬ뇊헟톡좡쟸폲맺쏱짺닺ퟜ횵ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃랢햹ퟜ쳥ힴ뿶뗄뫢솿횸뇪ꎬ톡좡쟸폲뿍퓋ퟜ솿폫믵퓋ퟜ솿ퟷ캪쟸폲컯쇷랢햹ힴ뿶뗄뫢솿횸뇪뛔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄뺭볃폫컯쇷랢햹뷸탐럖컶ꆣ 뇭 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷솿폫GDP 뿍퓋ퟜ솿_쫐쾽쟸믵퓋ퟜ솿_쫐쾽쟸뗘쟸짺닺ퟜ횵ꎨGDPꎩ_쓪럝 (췲죋) (췲뛖) 쫐쾽쟸(틚풪) 2000쓪 42400 30413 2001쓪 44441 33130 2002쓪 46325 36692 2003쓪 44962 38794 2004쓪 48932 44547 뛸뷡뫏뇭쫽뻝뷸탐뛔뿍퓋ퟜ솿ꆢ믵퓋ퟜ솿폫GDP횮볤뗄쿠맘럖컶ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뺭볃랢햹폫컯쇷랢햹돊룟뛈쿠맘맘쾵ꎬ폈웤쫇폫웤쟸폲믵퓋ퟜ솿뗄랢햹ꎬ웤쿠맘돌뛈룟듯ꎥꆣ뛸폫쟸폲뿍퓋ퟜ솿횮볤뗄쿠맘돌뛈튲듯떽쇋ꎥꆣ틲듋ꎬ뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ쟸폲뺭볃솼뫃뿬쯙랢햹펦떱폐쿠펦붡좫뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ퟷ캪횧독ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷뗄랢햹ힴ뿶붫횱뷓펰쿬쟸폲뺭볃랢햹ꆣ 쇭췢ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷ퟷ캪쟸폲뺭볃뗄ퟩ돉늿럖횮튻ꎬ쫇쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄훘튪횧독ꆣ틔뗚뛾닺튵캪훷떼닺튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦ꎬ웤뺭볃랢햹맽돌훐ꎬ훆퓬튵뫍쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹폫쟸폲컯쇷랢햹쏜쟐쿠맘ꆣ캪쇋뷒쪾쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷튵폫훆퓬튵뗄쿠뮥맘쾵515253ꎬ뿉틔닉폃SPSS춳볆럖컶뗄랽램ꎬ틔릤튵웳튵닺욷쿺쫛쫕죫캪놻뷢쫍뇤솿ꎬ뇭쪾쓏뺩훆퓬튵랢햹쮮욽ꎻ틔쿠맘컯쇷횸뇪ퟷ캪뷢쫍뇤솿ꎬ뇭쪾컯쇷튵뗄랢햹쮮 51쇵톩쓝뗈ꎮ뎤죽뷇뺭볃퓶뎤폫컯쇷닺튵랢햹맘쾵뗄쪵횤럖컶[J]ꎮ웳튵뺭볃ꎬ2007(3)ꎺ56-58ꎮ 52첷쟥쏀ꎬ췵ퟓ쇺ꎮ돇쫐컯쇷뛔뺭볃뗄삭뚯ퟷ폃퇐뺿[J]ꎮ릤튵벼쫵뺭볃ꎬ2004(2)ꎺ77-80ꎮ 53쇵쏷럆ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뮥뚯ퟷ폃믺샭럖컶[J]ꎮ릤튵벼쫵뺭볃ꎬ2007(3)ꎺ66-69ꎮ 62
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 욽ꆣ룹뻝2001-2005쓪뗄ꆶ붭쯕춳볆쓪본ꆷꆢꆶ쓏뺩춳볆쓪본ꆷꆢꆶ낲믕춳볆쓪본ꆷꎬ뗃떽틔릤튵웳튵닺욷쿺쫛쫕죫뫍쿠맘컯쇷횸뇪뷸탐쿠맘럖컶ꆣ 뇭 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦릤튵쿺쫛쫕죫폫컯쇷솿 쓪럝 쿞뛮틔짏릤튵웳튵닺믵퓋ퟜ솿 (췲쳺슷믵퓋솿릫슷믵퓋솿 (췲욷쿺쫛쫕죫 (췲풪) 뛖) ꎨ췲뛖ꎩ 뛖) 2000쓪 18879550 30413 1885 21485 2001쓪 24293873 33130 2309 23563 2002쓪 29010720 36692 2284 25431 2003쓪 37324564 38794 2461 26729 2004쓪 49424211 44547 2454 28707 뷡뫏뇭쫽뻝ꎬ퓋폃SPSS 춳볆죭볾뛔짏쫶쫽뻝뷸탐Pearson 쿠맘럖컶ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄릤튵쿺쫛쫕죫폫웤쟸폲믵퓋ퟜ솿쿔훸쿠맘ꎬ쿠맘돌뛈룟듯ꎥꆣ쿠뛔릫슷퓋쫤살붲ꎬ쳺슷퓋쫤폫릤튵쿺쫛쫕죫볤뗄쿠맘돌뛈싔뗍ꎬ떫튲틑뺭듯떽ꎥ뗄쿠맘돌뛈ꆣ틲듋ꎬ평짏쏦뗄럖컶뿉횪ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷랢햹뛔쟸폲훆퓬튵랢햹웰떽훘튪횧독ퟷ폃ꎬ웤랢햹ힴ뿶횱뷓맘쾵떽쟸폲훆퓬튵쓋쫇쟸폲뺭볃뗄랢햹ꆣ 춬쪱ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄붻춨뇣뷝ꆢ샠탍웫좫ꎬ펵폐뷏듳뗄뚼쫐좦뢹뗘쟒뻠짏몣폐튻뚨뗄뻠샫ꎻퟷ캪뻟폐맺볊펰쿬솦뗄쫀뷧훆퓬튵믹뗘——뎤죽뷇뗄훘튪ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ뇘좻믡탎돉잿듳뗄컯쇷솿ꎬ헢튲캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뗄랢햹쳡릩쇋컯훊믹뒡ꆣ 쇭췢ꎬ쿖듺컯쇷튵헽듓엤쯍-벯돉컯쇷뷗뛎쿲릩펦솴맜샭ꎨSCMꎩ뷗뛎랢햹ꆣ뚼쫐좦컯쇷훐탄늻뷶쫇뒫춳뗄퓋쫤ꆢ닖뒢훐탄ꎬ룼쫇컯쇷웳튵벯뻛뗄벯뷡뗣ꎬ랢믓ퟅ룟킧뗄컯쇷맜샭뫍탅쾢럾컱ꆢ풭쇏벰짌욷뗄짧믡뮯엤쯍뗈릦쓜ꆣ쯦ퟅ뚼쫐좦횮볤뛔컯쇷풴죕틦훘쫓뫍벤쇒헹뛡ꎬ톰쟳탂뗄컯쇷햽싔랢햹돉캪탭뛠뚼쫐좦랢햹뗄튻룶훷릥쒿뇪ꆣ뚼쫐좦컯쇷뗄랢햹뫍뚼쫐좦컯쇷훐탄뗄붨솢돉캪뚼쫐좦뺭볃랢햹뫍뚼쫐좦훆퓬튵믱좡풴뗄쿈뻶쳵볾ꆣ 룅퇔횮ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳쫇헻룶뚼쫐좦쓚뗄훆퓬튵랢햹뗄횧독쾵춳ꎬ쫇훆퓬튵솼뫃퓋뫍랢햹뗄폐킧놣헏ꎬ춬쪱뮹쫇춻뷸쓏뺩뚼쫐좦훆퓬튵랢햹뗄뚯솦풴좪ꎻ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚쿠뛔랢듯ꆢ쏅샠웫좫뗄훆퓬튵쫇쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뫍췪짆뗄볡쪵틀췐ꆣ 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷폫훆퓬튵랢햹잰뺰 평짏뿉횪ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷폫탂탍훆퓬튵횮볤쫇튻훖쿠뮥틀삵ꆢ쿠뮥ퟷ폃ꆢ솼탔뮥뚯뗄맘쾵ꆣ탅쾢벼쫵뗄랢햹뫍맣랺펦폃ꎬ쪹뗃뚼쫐좦컯쇷폫탂탍훆퓬튵횮볤돶쿖쇋튻뚨돌뛈뗄죚뫏ꎬ늢돊쿖뷸튻늽퓶잿뗄쟷쫆ꆣ 튻랽쏦ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쫇틔쓏뺩캪훐탄돇쫐뗄뚼쫐좦뺭볃솪뫏쳥ꎬ뺭맽20뛠쓪뗄뺭볃룟쯙퓶뎤ꎬ닺튵랢햹틑뺭뻟폐쇋쿠떱뗄맦쒣뫍쮮욽ꎬ펵폐쇋뚼쫐좦컯쇷 63
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 랢햹ퟮ믹놾뗄쫐뎡쳵볾뫍쿖쪵탨쟳ꆣ웤훐뻞듳럝뛮뗄탂탍훆퓬튵뛔쿖듺컯쇷튵뗄탨쟳룼쫇췺쪢ꎬ믮풾뗄훆퓬튵쫇뚼쫐좦컯쇷랢햹뗄쳬좻믹뒡ꎬ틲캪훆퓬튵믮뚯놾짭뻍탨튪컯쇷ꆢ뷰쇷뫍탅쾢쇷뗄횧독ꎬ틔늻뛏붵뗍돉놾ꆢ퓶잿웳튵뺺헹쓜솦ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚쿠뛔랢듯ꆢ쏅샠웫좫뗄훆퓬튵쫇뚼쫐좦컯쇷랢햹뗄볡쪵틀췐ꆣ 쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳쫇헻룶뚼쫐좦쓚뗄훆퓬튵랢햹뗄횧독쾵춳ꎬ쫇훆퓬튵솼뫃퓋뫍랢햹뗄폐킧놣헏ꎬ춬쪱뮹쫇춻뷸쓏뺩뚼쫐좦훆퓬튵랢햹뗄뚯솦풴좪ꎻ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚쿠뛔랢듯ꆢ쏅샠웫좫뗄훆퓬튵쫇쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뫍췪짆뗄볡쪵틀췐ꆣ뮻뻤뮰쮵ꎬ훆퓬튵ퟷ캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄훷떼닺튵ꎬ웤랢햹샫늻뾪컯쇷튵뗄횧독ꎬ뛸ퟷ캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦훆퓬튵캴살랢햹랽쿲뗄탂탍훆퓬튵뗄랢햹ꎬ룼탨튪쿖듺컯쇷튵뗄랢햹ꎬ탨튪쿖듺쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳욽첨뗄릹붨살횧돖ꆣ 볲퇔횮ꎬ쓏뺩랢햹쿖듺컯쇷튵뇘탫폅쿈랢햹훆퓬튵ꎬ훆퓬튵풽랢듯ꎬ뻍믡쳡릩풽뛠뗄컯쇷탨쟳ꎬ듓뛸캪쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄탎돉쳡릩훘튪쳵볾ꎻ춬쪱ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폖캪쓏뺩훆퓬튵랢햹쳡릩훘튪뗄횧독뫍놣횤ꆣ폚쫇ꎬ릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳ꎬ붫폐샻폚틔컯쇷훐탄돇쫐캪뫋탄뗄쟸폲뺭볃탎돉ꎬ볓잿돇쫐쓋훁뺭볃쟸폲뗄헻쳥맦뮮ꎬ듙뷸쟸폲뺭볃뷡릹뗄뫏샭늼뻖뫍킭뗷랢햹ꎬ탎돉뿧쟸폲뗄듳쇷춨룱뻖ꆣ뿉틔쮵ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳붫쫇쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷폫훆퓬튵죚뫏랢햹뗄뇘좻쟷쫆ꎬ튲쫇쓏뺩뚼쫐좦랢햹돉릦폫럱뗄훘튪틲쯘ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨 춨맽뛔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦벰컯쇷쳥쾵ꆢ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦폫쟸폲뺭볃맘쾵럖컶ꎬ컒쏇죏쪶쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쳥쾵릹붨뗄뇘좻탔뫍뇘튪탔ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾뷚붫듓뿆톧늼뻖ꆢ헾닟틽떼ꆢ췸싧놣헏ꆢ웳튵엠폽쯄룶랽쏦뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨럖컶ꆣ 뿆톧늼뻖 믹폚쟸폲뺭볃솪쾵뫍쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뛸쳡돶뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦ꎬ쫇컒맺쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄쯵펰ꎬ튲쫇컒맺쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뷏퓧뷸탐춳튻맦뮮ꆢ킭뗷랢햹뗄쟸폲횮튻ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦맦뮮ꎨ2002ꎭ2020ꎩ쏷좷쳡돶ꎬ붫쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쳥쾵릹붨돉캪듸뚯뫍ퟩ횯쟸폲훆퓬튵ꆢ짌욷쇷춨튵랢햹뗄얦듸뫍쟅솺ꆣퟷ캪틔훆퓬튵캪횧훹닺튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦ꎬ웤쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨뇘탫돤럖뾼싇훆퓬튵뛔컯쇷럾컱뗄튪쟳ꎬ춬쪱볦맋웤쯻닺튵랢햹뗄탨튪ꆣ틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷췸싧늼뻖ꎬ붫ퟛ뫏쟸폲쓚룷돇쫐뺭볃ꆢ믹뒡짨쪩ꆢ컯쇷탨쟳틔벰닺튵늼뻖뗄믹뒡짏뷸탐컯쇷뷚뗣늼뻖ꎬ늢퓚듋믹뒡짏뷡뫏쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄닺튵벯좺ힴ뿶뫍뻖늿컯쇷랢햹ힴ뿶뮮럖 64
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 늻춬컯쇷좦뫍컯쇷듸ꆣ볲퇔횮ꎬ컯쇷뷚뗣돇쫐ꆢ컯쇷좦틔벰솴뷓컯쇷좦뗄훘뗣컯쇷춨뗀릲춬릹돉쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄컯쇷췸싧늼뻖ꆣ 1.믹폚훷돉럖럖컶뗄컯쇷뷚뗣늼뻖 훷돉럖럖컶쫇뛠풪춳볆럖컶랽램훐뗄튻훖ꎬ웤훷튪쫇닉폃ꆰ붵캬ꆱ뗄쮼쿫ꎬ붫뛠횸뇪뛠뇤솿폃짙쫽벸룶ퟛ뫏횸뇪뇭쪾뗄튻훖랽램ꆣ훷돉럖럖컶뗄쇮튻훷튪릦쓜벴늻춬case뷸탐ퟛ뫏움볛ꎬ쾵춳뗘뗃돶움볛뛔쿳횮볤뗄닮뻠ꆣ퓋폃훷돉럖럖컶뛔뾼뫋뛔쿳뷸탐움볛춻돶쇋움볛뗄뿍맛탔ꎬ쳞돽쇋죋캪틲쯘뛔움볛뷡맻뗄펰54쿬ꎬ쳥쿖쇋움볛뷡맻뗄릫헽탔ꆣ ퟷ캪틔훆퓬튵캪훷떼닺튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쟸폲ꎬ웤쟸폲컯쇷뷚뗣늼뻖뇘탫돤럖뾼싇훆퓬튵뛔컯쇷랢햹뗄탨튪ꎬ틲듋ꎬ퓚횸뇪톡좡훐놾ퟅ쾵춳좫쏦ꆢ뿉닙ퟷ탔ꆢ뿍맛탔ꆢ뿉닙ퟷ탔ꆢ뿉뇈탔뗄풭퓲ꎬ춬쪱뷡뫏쫽뻝뿉뗃탔틔벰컯쇷쫽뻝놾짭믱좡뇈뷏삧쓑뗄쪵볊쟩뿶ꎬ훘뗣듓쟸폲뺭볃랢햹ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷탨쟳뫍쟸폲닺튵늼뻖죽룶캬뛈14룶뛾벶횸뇪뷸탐움볛ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뷚뗣움볛횸뇪쳥쾵죧뇭쯹쪾ꎺ 뇭 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뷚뗣움볛횸뇪쳥쾵 믹폚횸뇪럖샠 횸뇪쮵쏷 탂 맺쓚짺닺ퟜ횵ꎨ틚풪ꎩx1 탍훆짧믡뺭볃횸뇪Q1 짧믡쿻럑욷쇣쫛ퟜ뛮ꎨ췲풪ꎩx2 퓬 엺랢쇣쫛쎳틗튵짌욷쿺쫛ퟜ뛮ꎨ췲풪ꎩx3 튵뗄쪵볊샻폃췢뷰뛮ꎨ췲쏀풪ꎩx4 쓏 뿍퓋ퟜ솿ꎨ췲죋ꎩx5 뺩뚼 쳺슷뿍퓋솿ꎨ췲죋ꎩx6 쫐 릫슷뿍퓋솿ꎨ췲죋ꎩx7 좦컯컯쇷탨쟳횸뇪Q2 믵퓋ퟜ솿ꎨ췲뛖ꎩx8 쇷뷚쳺슷믵퓋솿ꎨ췲뛖ꎩx9 뗣릫슷믵퓋솿ꎨ췲뛖ꎩx10 움볛 뗚튻닺튵ퟜ닺횵ꎨ틚풪ꎩx11 횸닺튵뷡릹횸뇪Q3 뗚뛾닺튵ퟜ닺횵ꎨ틚풪ꎩx12 뇪 쿞뛮틔짏릤튵웳튵닺욷쿺쫛쫕죫(췲풪) x13 뗚죽닺튵ퟜ닺횵ꎨ틚풪ꎩx14 쫽뻝믱좡쮵쏷ꎺ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뷚뗣움볛뗄쫽뻝믱좡ꎬ훷튪틀뻝뚼쫐좦쓚룷돇쫐춳볆쓪본틔벰훐뺭쫽뻝췸뷡뫏좡뗃(훐뺭췸ꆢ붭쯕춳볆쓪본ꆢ낲믕춳볆쓪본ꆢ쓏뺩춳볆쓪본ꆢ퇯훝춳볆쓪본ꆢ헲붭춳볆쓪본ꆢ컟뫾춳볆쓪본ꆢ십낰즽춳볆쓪본ꆢ돼훝춳볆쓪본뫍뎲뫾춳볆쓪본)ꆣ틲룷돇쫐춳볆쓪본춳볆횸뇪횮볤뗄늻췪좫춳튻ꎬ틔벰컞램믱좡돇쫐쿂쾽룷쿘쫐뗄춳볆쫽뻝ꎬ틲듋ꎬ닉폃훷돉럖럖컶뛔쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뷚뗣움볛쪱ꎬ놾뿎쳢닉폃쫽뻝훐냼삨쇋뎲뫾뺳쓚쯹폐쿘쫐쫽뻝ꎬ뛸 54샮폱쏱ꎮ믹폚훷돉럖럖컶뗄쟸폲컯쇷ퟛ뫏움볛벰랢햹햽싔[J]ꎮ붻춨퓋쫤쾵춳릤돌폫탅쾢ꎬ2004(2)ꎺ44-47ꎮ 65
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 늢럇쓉죫쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄뎲뫾쫐쟸ꆢ뫍쿘ꆢ몬즽쿘ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ본폚뮴낲쫐쫽뻝뗄늻췪좫탔ꎬ놾듎움볛훐붫뮴낲쫐듓훐쳞돽ꆣ 2.쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뷚뗣늼뻖 헫뛔훷돉럖럖컶뗄맽돌ꎬ퓚잰쏦헂뷚훐틑뺭폐쯹탰쫶ꎬ퓙듎늻퓙ힸ쫶ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뷚뗣훷돉럖럖컶톡좡쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚돇쫐쓏뺩ꆢ퇯훝ꆢ헲붭ꆢ컟뫾ꆢ십낰즽ꆢ돼훝뫍뎲뫾ꎬ릲웟룶뷚뗣돇쫐ꎬ퓋폃춳볆죭볾뷸탐움볛ꆣ (1)횸뇪뗄훷돉럖럖컶 룹뻝훷돉럖럖컶뗄풭샭ꎬ뛔풭쪼쫽뻝뷸탐컞솿룙뮯ꎬ볆쯣횸뇪뗄쿠맘뻘헳Rꎬ쟳뗃쿠맘뻘헳뗄쳘헷횵뫍헽붻쳘헷쿲솿ꎬ늢룹뻝샛믽랽닮릱쿗>85%톡좡훷돉럖ꆣ 뇭 쿠맘뻘헳Correlation Matrix x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 x10 x11 x12 x13 x14 x1 .998 .986 .996 .934 .937 .920 .965 .758 .897 .998 .471 x2 .998 .993 .996 .944 .940 .931 .976 .741 .904 .997 .497 x3 .986 .993 .928 .927 .915 .964 .717 .885 .991 .463 x4 .996 .996 .983 .955 .923 .945 .977 .710 .918 .992 .533 x5 .934 .944 .928 .955 .891 .999 .970 .650 .962 .920 .743 x6 .937 .940 .927 .923 .891 .937 .865 .912 .937 .519 x7 .920 .931 .915 .945 .999 .872 .621 .961 .905 .763 x8 .965 .976 .964 .977 .970 .937 .961 .949 .962 .647 x9 .758 .741 .717 .710 .650 .865 .621 .673 .754 .225 x10 .897 .904 .885 .918 .962 .912 .961 .949 .648 .884 .764 x11 .325 x12 x13 .998 .997 .991 .992 .920 .937 .905 .962 .754 .884 .441 x14 .471 .497 .463 .533 .743 .519 .763 .647 .225 .764 .325 .441 뇭 룷훷돉럖랽닮릱쿗 Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings Component Total % of VarianceCumulative %1 2 죧뇭ꆢ뇭쯹쪾ꎬ춨맽볆쯣뗃떽솽룶훷돉럖ꎬ웤훐뗚튻훷돉럖랽닮릱쿗싊캪ꎥꎬ뗚뛾훷돉럖랽닮릱쿗캪ꎥꎬ샛믽랽닮릱쿗싊듯떽ꎥꎬ죧뇭쯹쪾ꆣ 뇭풭뇤솿폫룷훷돉럖횮볤맘쾵 Component 1 2 x1 .978 .177 x2 .983 .127 x3 .968 .111 66
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 x4 .984 .107 x5 .980 x6 .956 .143 x7 .971 x8 .989 x9 .745 .388 x10 .961 x11 x12 .934 x13 .971 .197 x14 .635 춨맽뇭뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ뗚튻훷돉럖훷튪랴펦쇋돽X12벴뗚뛾닺튵ퟜ횵췢뗄웤폠뇤솿탅쾢ꎬ뛸뗚뛾훷돉럖퓲춻돶랴펦뗚뛾닺튵랢햹ꆣ 듓훐뿉틔뗃돶룷훷돉럖폫풭뇤솿횮볤뗄맘쾵ꎺ Y1=.978X1+.983X2+.968X3+.984X4+.980X5+.956X6+.971X7+.989X8+.745X9+.+.971X13+.635X14 () Y2=.177X1+.127X2+.111X3+.+.+.+.934X12+. () (2)룷뷚뗣돇쫐ퟛ뫏움볛 룹뻝틔랽닮릱쿗싊캪좨훘릹퓬ퟛ뫏움볛쒣탍 mλiF=αy+αy+...+αy=y (ꎩ 1122mm∑mλi=1∑i듓뛸볆쯣돶룷뷚뗣돇쫐ퟛ뫏뗃럖죧뇭쿂ꎺ 뇭 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚룷뷚뗣돇쫐ퟛ뫏뗃럖업쏻 돇쫐 쓏뺩 헲붭 퇯훝 컟뫾 십낰즽 돼훝 뎲뫾 뗃럖 업쏻 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 춬쪱뺭뻛샠럖컶퇩횤ꎬ붫쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뷚뗣럖캪죽샠ꎬ뗚튻뷚뗣캪쓏뺩ꎬ뗚뛾샠뷚뗣캪헲붭ꆢ퇯훝ꆢ컟뫾ꆢ십낰즽ꎬ뗚죽샠뷚뗣캪돼훝뫍뎲뫾ꎬ죧춼쯹쪾ꆣ 67
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 CaseNumber of clusters1XXXXXXXXXXXXX2XXXXXXXXXXX X3XXX XXXXXXX X4XXX XXX XXX X5XXX X X XXX X6XXX X X X X X 춼 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뷚뗣뻛샠뇹쇨춼 탨튪쮵쏷뗄쫇ꎬ틲훷돉럖럖컶뫍뻛샠럖컶퓋쯣랽램뫍퓋쯣맽돌뗄늻춬ꎬ쪹뗃ퟮ뫳볆쯣뷡맻훐룷뷚뗣돇쫐ퟛ뫏업쏻폐쯹늻춬ꆣ퓚훷돉럖럖컶훐ꎬ퇯훝업퓚뗚죽캻ꎬ캻폚헲붭횮뫳ꎻ퓚뻛샠럖컶훐ꎬ헲붭퓲캻폚퇯훝횮뫳ꎬ업쏻뗚죽ꎬ웤폠뷚뗣돇쫐업쏻쿠춬ꆣ쯤좻늿럖뷚뗣돇쫐뻟쳥업쏻폐쯹돶죫ꎬ떫늻펰쿬ퟮ훕뷚뗣닣듎뗄뮮럖ꆣ 3.쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷좦뮮럖 컯쇷좦믲컯쇷듸뗄탎돉쫇쟸폲뻟놸돇쫐횮볤평폚뺭볃솪쾵뫍닺튵맘솪탔ꎬ듓뛸쪹뗃뻖늿뗘쟸컯쇷솪쾵볓잿ꎬ돇쫐횮볤컯쇷췹살욵랱ꎬ뛔컯쇷럾컱뫍붻춨췸싧뗄탨쟳훰늽돊쿖뻖늿쳘즫ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚늿컯쇷좦뗄뮮럖쫇룹뻝뷚뗣돇쫐볤닺튵뗄쿠쯆탔뫍닺튵맘솪캪믹뒡ꎬ훘뗣싺ퟣ뻖늿뗘쟸훷떼닺튵컯쇷탨쟳뛸뮮럖뗄ꆣ틔뗚뛾닺튵믲훆퓬튵캪훷떼닺튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦ꎬ웤컯쇷좦뮮럖튲붫훷튪틀뻝룷뷚뗣돇쫐훆퓬튵랢햹ힴ뿶뫍닺튵솪쾵ꆣ 룹뻝ꆶ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦맦뮮ꎨ2002ꎭ2020ꎩꆷ틔벰ꆶ2005쓏뺩뚼쫐좦랢햹놨룦ꆷꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚훷튪닺튵벯좺ힴ뿶죧쿂ꎺ쓏뺩ꎬퟷ캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚뫋탄돇쫐ꎬ웤룷닺튵랢햹뻹뻓폚쓏뺩뚼쫐좦잰쇐ꎬ짵훁늿럖닺튵쿱쪯뮯닺튵쏷쿔룟폚쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚웤쯻돇쫐햼쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄90ꎥ틔짏ꎬ탎돉쓏뺩뛀듳뗄ힴ뿶ꆣ쓏뺩ꆢ퇯훝ꆢ헲붭틑뺭틔춨탅ꆢ볆쯣믺틔벰웤쯻뗦횧짨놸캪뫋탄뗄훆퓬튵벯좺ꎬ컟뫾ꆢ퇯훝쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뒬늰훆퓬튵뗄벯뻛뗘ꎻ쓏뺩ꆢ컟뫾돉캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚웻뎵훆퓬튵뗄솽룶훆퓬훐탄ꎻ믺킵ힰ놸훆퓬튵랽쏦ꎬ퓲탎돉쇋쓏뺩ꆢ컟뫾ꆢ퇯훝죽룶춻돶뗄돇쫐ꎬ햼쓏뺩뚼쫐좦믺킵ힰ놸훆퓬튵ퟜ닺횵뗄90ꎥ틔짏ꆣ룖쳺닺튵퓲훷튪벯훐퓚쓏뺩뫍십낰즽ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦랢햹맦뮮훐튲쏷좷쳡돶ꎺꆰ틔십낰즽ꆢ쓏뺩솽듳룖쳺벯췅캪훘뗣ꎬퟩ횯쟸폲뫡쿲뺭볃ꆢ벼쫵솪뫏ꎬ뛔룖쳺릤튵뗄뢱닺욷뷸탐뾪랢폫ퟛ뫏샻폃ꎬ랢햹뷰쫴훆욷볓릤튵ꆱꆣ 틲듋ꎬ뷡뫏짏쫶럖컶ꎬ뿉붫쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뮮럖캪죽룶컯쇷좦뫍튻룶퇘붭컯쇷듸ꎺ 687:뎲뫾 6:돼훝 5:십낰즽 4:컟뫾 3:헲붭 2:퇯훝 1:쓏뺩
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 죽룶컯쇷좦쫇쓏뺩컯쇷좦ꆢ“컟뫾-뎲뫾-십낰즽”컯쇷좦뫍퇯훝ꆢ헲붭컯쇷좦ꎻ퇘붭컯쇷듸캧죆뎤붭ꎬ맡뒩죽룶컯쇷좦ꎬ탎돉쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄컯쇷ퟟ새ꆣ ퟷ캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄뫋탄훆퓬튵믹뗘ꎬ쓏뺩컯쇷좦볈튪싺ퟣ쓏뺩쓚늿컯쇷탨쟳ꎬ춬쪱뮹돐떣쓏뺩컯쇷좦폫웤폠솽룶컯쇷좦횮볤뗄솪쾵뫍릵춨쟅솺ퟷ폃ꆣ퇯훝헲붭컯쇷좦ꎬ튻랽쏦횧돖좦쓚돇쫐볆쯣믺ꆢ뗧ퟓ닺튵틔벰뒬늰훆퓬튵뗈닺튵랢햹ꎬ춬쪱뷓쫜쓏뺩뺭볃럸짤뫍닺튵틆ꆣꆰ컟뫾ꆪ뎲뫾ꆪ십낰즽ꆱ컯쇷좦퓲훘뗣랢햹좦쓚ힰ놸훆퓬튵틔벰웻뎵닺튵ꆣ좦쓚돇쫐볤닺튵뫍뺭볃솪쾵뷴쏜ꎬ틔좦쓚컯쇷랢햹췆뚯뫍듙뷸좦쓚뺭볃랢햹ꆣ퇘붭컯쇷듸퓲맡뒩죽룶컯쇷좦ꎬ돉캪컯쇷좦횮볤솪쾵뗄쟅솺뫍릵춨욽첨ꆣ 4.쓏뺩뚼쫐좦붻춨췸싧늼뻖 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦붻춨췸싧늼뻖펦틔쟸폲쓚늿뺭볃랢햹탨튪ꎬ뷡뫏틑폐붻춨췸싧뷸탐춳튻좫쏦맦뮮ꆣ 퇯훝돼훝 뎤헲붭 붭짏몣 쓏뺩뎲뫾 뎤붭십낰즽 몼훝 쳺슷쿟슷 컟뫾 탂퓶쿟슷 춼 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦붻춨췸싧늼뻖쪾틢춼 죧춼쯹쪾ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚늿죽룶훷튪컯쇷좦틔벰퇘붭컯쇷듸ힴ뿶ꎬ퓚쿖폐붻춨췸싧믹뒡짏ꎬ펦훘뗣볓잿뎲뫾폫십낰즽ꆢ뎲뫾폫쓏뺩ꆢ뎲뫾폫돼훝뗈뗘뗄붻춨솪쾵ꎬ쳡룟뫍볓쯙뎲뫾폫쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뗄웤폠돇쫐볤뗄죚뫏ꎻ춬쪱붫뎲뫾폫퇯훝볤뗄쳺슷뷸탐맡춨솴뷓ꎬ폫헲붭뫍컟뫾볤쳺슷릲춬릹돉퇘붭쳺슷ퟟ새ꎬ폫뎤붭믆뷰쮮뗀릲춬탎돉쓏뺩뚼쫐좦퇘붭컯쇷듸뗄훷룉ꎻ쳡룟십낰즽폫쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓏늿쟸폲뗄뺭볃솪쾵ꎬ릹붨십낰즽폫췢뷧솪쾵뗄붻춨훷룉뗀ꆣ퓶볓퇯훝폫쓏뺩뫍헲붭뗄뺭볃솪쾵ꎬ쳡룟죽헟횮볤뗄붻춨퓋쫤킧싊ꆣ돼훝ퟷ캪뺭볃쪵솦뷏죵뗄뚼쫐좦돉풱ꎬ펦틀뾿웤폫쓏뺩뇈쇚ꎬ퓶잿폫쓏뺩횮볤뗄뺭볃솪쾵ꎬힼ놸돐뷓쓏뺩ퟷ캪뫋탄돇쫐릦쓜뇤맽돌훐뗄닺튵틆ꎬ춬쪱볓듳폫춬쪡뗄뎲뫾ꆢ컟뫾횮볤뗄쿠맘닺튵솪쾵ꆣ 69
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 헾닟틽떼 캪쇋좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳릹붨쮳뇣쪵쪩ꎬ헦헽쪵쿖컯쇷닺튵폫훆퓬닺튵뗄솪뚯랢햹ꎬ듓뛸좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿆톧늼뻖좥랢햹ꎬ컒쏇폐뇘튪펪퓬튻룶쓜놣횤뫍듙뷸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄쟸폲컯쇷헾닟뮷뺳ꆣ캪쇋돤럖랢믓믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳퓚틔훆퓬튵캪훷떼닺튵뗄쟸폲뺭볃뿬쯙랢햹훐뗄ퟷ폃뫍폅쫆ꎬ탨튪듮붨튻룶횧독믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄헾닟믹뒡욽첨ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳헾닟욽첨ퟷ캪쟸폲훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷솪뚯랢햹뗄뫪맛헾닟뮷뺳ꎬ짦벰떽짧믡뛠룶탐튵늿쏅뗄뻶닟맜샭ꎬ쫇튻룶잣뎶쏦벫맣뗄폐믺쳥ꆣ틲듋ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷헾닟믹뒡욽첨펦냼몬틔쿂훚뛠튪쯘ꎬ뻟쳥죧춼쯹쪾ꎺ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뒴퓬튻룶솼뫃뗄컯쇷쾵춳헾닟욽첨뗄ퟜ쳥쒿뇪뫪맛죡탔죭뮷뺳 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쟸폲컯쇷뗄랢햹쒿뇪 쟸폲훆퓬튵뗄랢햹쒿뇪 쇷쾵춳헾닟욽첨쟸폲컯쇷헾믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쪱킧탔뗄탅쾢쟸폲컯쇷튵폫 닟램맦쳥쾵 쟸폲컯쇷죋닅 헾닟뫍듫쪩 탂탍훆퓬튵엠퇸뫍놣헏쳥쾵훆쟸쟸쟸헾쟸컯캪훆퓬폲폲폲뢮폲쇷훆퓬웳컯컯컯늿컯뫋컯뢴폃퓬웳쇷쇷쇷쏅튵쇷탄쇷뫏뗘튵튵믹폫탐횮폫폫죋탐탍폅럾폫뒡훆튵볤컯훆닅튵죋믝컱컯짨퓬헾뗄쇷퓬틽좫닅헾폅쇷쪩튵닟솪웳쏦엠튵뷸닟믝웳헾솪뚯튵폫죋퇸탐헾튵닟뚯믺횮엠닅닟튵닟뫏붨랢훆볤퇸엠싔킭늢짨햹뗄닟퇸믡폅헾싔닟솪뗄믝닟싔뚯솪헾뚯닟 춼 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳헾닟욽첨 죧춼뿉횪ꎬ튻룶솼뫃뗄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷헾닟믹뒡욽첨ꎬ펦룃쫇퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳헾닟욽첨릹붨쒿뇪뗄횸떼쿂ꎬ듓쟸폲컯쇷헾닟램맦쳥쾵뗄릹붨ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷랢햹뗄솪뚯믺훆ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷죋닅엠퇸뫍놣헏쳥쾵ꆢ컯쇷뇪ힼ쳥쾵틔벰쪱킧탔뗄컯쇷폅믝헾닟듫쪩뗈랽쏦ퟅ쫖릹붨뗄ꆣ 70
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 췸싧놣헏 튪좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뿆톧늼뻖탎돉뗄췸싧쳥쾵뗃틔뎩춨ꎬ돽쇋믹놾뗄믹뒡짨쪩붨짨횮췢ꎬ컒쏇뮹뇘탫붨솢쿠펦뗄탅쾢욽첨살놣헏웤뎩춨ꆣ틀췐폚잰쏦뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳탅쾢욽첨샭싛쳥쾵닻쫶ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷탅쾢욽첨평릫폃탅쾢욽첨ꆢ컯쇷풰쟸탅쾢욽첨ꆢ탐튵탅쾢욽첨ꎨ냼삨쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚췢컯쇷튵뫍훆퓬튵뗄쿠맘닺튵탅쾢ꎩ뫍웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ퟩ돉뗄췸ힴ뷡릹ꎬ웤훐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷릫폃탅쾢욽첨쫇훐탄ꆣ풰쟸탅쾢욽첨쫇뻖늿뗄(풰쟸쓚컯쇷웳튵)ꎻ탐튵탅쾢욽첨ꎨ냼삨컯쇷튵뫍훆퓬튵뗄쿠맘닺튵탅쾢ꎩ튵탔뷏잿ꎬ뛔헻뫏탐튵풴뻟폐튻뚨ퟷ폃ꆣ웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨쫇헫뛔뻟쳥쒳튻컯쇷웳튵뗄ꆣ쟸폲릫폃탅쾢욽첨럾컱폚풰쟸탅쾢욽첨ꆢ탐튵탅쾢욽첨뫍웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ꎬ뛸풰쟸탅쾢욽첨ꆢ탐튵탅쾢욽첨뫍웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄웳튵쿠맘쫽뻝탅쾢럾컱폚릫폃탅쾢욽첨ꎬ쯄헟쫇튻룶폐믺뗄헻쳥ꆣ볲퇔횮ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ퟜ쳥뿲볜죧춼쯹쪾ꎺ 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦췢탂탍훆퓬튵닺튵탅쾢쾵춳 쓏뺩뚼쫐탂탍훆퓬튵닺튵탅쾢욽첨좦쓚늿헾뢮맜샭늿쏅탅쾢쾵춳 헾뢮맜샭늿쏅웤쯼쟸폲릫폃릫릲탅쾢탅쾢욽첨탅쾢욽첨컯쇷닺튵탅헾뢮횰쓜늿쏅탅쾢쾵춳 쟸폲췢컯쇷웳튵헾뢮횰쓜늿쏅횧웳튵컯쇷탅쾢욽첨탅쾢쾵춳독탅쾢욽첨쾢욽첨 컯쇷풰쟸탅쾢욽첨춼 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ퟜ쳥뿲볜 평춼뿉횪ꎬ릫폃탅쾢욽첨쫇믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷탅쾢욽첨 71
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 붨짨뗄믹뒡ꎬ뻟폐탅쾢ퟛ뫏뛈룟뫍쫽뻝뒦샭솿듳뗈쳘뗣ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚웤쯻탅쾢욽첨ꎨ쳘뇰쫇쓏뺩뚼쫐좦췢탂탍훆퓬튵닺튵탅쾢쾵춳릲춬뛔쯼쳡릩탅쾢횧돖ꆣ쯼쳡릩늿럖컯쇷럾컱릦쓜ꎬ쿲컯쇷룷닎폫랽ꎨ냼삨탂탍훆퓬튵닺튵ꎩ쳡릩릫폃탅쾢닩톯뫍뫳첨횧돖ꎬ 춬쪱튲뿉틔캪웤쯻쟸폲릲폃컯쇷탅쾢욽첨ꆢ컯쇷웳튵폃뮧뫍훆퓬튵닺튵쳡릩탅쾢ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷닺튵탅쾢욽첨캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚룷컯쇷웳튵뫍훆퓬웳튵뗄튵컱퓋ퟷ쳡릩ퟮ믹놾뗄쫽뻝뒦샭뫍탅쾢횧돖ꎬ춨맽헽좷닉벯뫍벰쪱뒦샭룷뮷뷚쫽뻝ꎬ붫컯쇷믹놾탅쾢뒫뗝룸웤쯻욽첨믲폃뮧ꎬ쪹탅쾢쇷벰쪱붻뮥쪹폃ꎬ쪹룷랽볠뿘늢킭뗷헻룶컯쇷뷸돌ꎬ놣횤쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚헻쳥컯쇷퓋펪뗄춨뎩탔ꆢ뒫뗝뗄벰쪱탔ꆢힼ좷탔폫튻맡탔ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚헾뢮맜샭늿쏅탅쾢욽첨쫇룷벶뗧ퟓ헾컱퓚쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷탅쾢욽첨뗄뒰뿚ꎬ쯼퓋폃헾닟뫍램싉쫖뛎놣헏탅쾢췸싧뗄붡뾵랢햹ꎬ춨맽붨솢솼뫃뗄짧믡돏탅쳥쾵뫍릫욽뺺헹뗄쫐뎡뮷뺳ꎬ듙뷸컯쇷웳튵맦랶퓋ퟷꎬ춬쪱쪵쿖헾뢮뛔컯쇷쫐뎡뫪맛뗷뿘ꆢ퓶잿룷벶헾뢮맜샭늿쏅볤킭춬릤ퟷꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚헾뢮횰쓜늿쏅횧독탅쾢욽첨쫇컯쇷퓋ퟷ쳡릩튵컱쫽뻝횧돖뗄쿠맘헾뢮횰쓜늿쏅횮볤탅쾢벯돉맜샭뫍붻뮥쳡릩췸싧뿕볤ꎬ웤훐냼삨헾뢮쿠맘늿쏅뛔컯쇷튪쯘뗄맜샭죏뚨ꎬ캪릫폃탅쾢욽첨쳡릩믹놾컯쇷퓋탐탨튪뗄튵컱쫽뻝뫍헾닟횧돖뗈ꆣ 웳튵엠폽 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쫇컒맺뎤죽뷇뗘쟸훘튪뗄짺닺훆퓬튵믹뗘ꎬ쫇컒맺짙쫽뻟놸쮮슷ꆢ쳺슷ꆢ릫슷ꎬ쓜릻뷸탐몣ꆢ쳺ꆢ릫뛠쪽솪퓋뗄쓚슽뚼쫐좦횮튻ꆣ뗃쳬뛀뫱뗄쟸폲붻춨쳵볾ꆢ뗧ퟓꆢ웻뎵ꆢ쪯뮯ꆢ룖쳺ꆢힰ놸훆퓬튵뗈듳솿훆퓬튵믹뗘뗄실돉ꎬ튲쪹뗃쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷튵좡뗃쇋뎤ퟣ뗄랢햹ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚컯쇷뗄랢햹뿉틔럖캪틔쿂벸룶랽쏦ꎺ 튻쫇훆퓬튵뫍짌튵컯쇷뗄랢햹ꆣퟷ캪컒맺훘튪뗄훆퓬튵믹뗘ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦탂탍훆퓬튵뗄랢햹캪훆퓬웳튵ퟔ짭컯쇷쳡릩쇋뫜듳뗄랢햹뿕볤ꆣ붭쯕첫욽퇳뺫쏜뛍퓬폐쿞릫쮾ꆢ퓂웻뎵쯸튵ꆢ춭쇪죽병뗧ퟓꆢ낲믕붭뮴웻뎵ꆢ탇십웻뎵ꆢ붭쯕량뒬막럝ꆢ퇯ퟓ쪯뮯뗈듳엺탂탍훆퓬웳튵뚼틑뺭탎돉쇋ퟔ벺췪놸뗄컯쇷쳥쾵ꎬ훆퓬웳튵ퟔ펪컯쇷틑뺭돉캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷튵랢햹뗄훘튪횧훹횮튻ꆣ짌튵컯쇷랽쏦ꎬ맺쏀ꆢ쯕쓾ꆢ컥탇뗈듳탍볒뗧쇣쫛웳튵ꎬ쯕맻뎬쫐ꆢ볒샖뢣ꆢ컖뛻십뗈듳탍짌튵솬쯸뎬쫐ꎬ퓚쓏뺩뚼쫐좦랶캧쓚릹붨ퟔ짭뗄컯쇷췸싧ꎬ뻟놸쿈뷸뗄컯쇷맜샭뺭퇩뫍튻쇷뗄컯쇷짨쪩ꎬ틑뺭돉캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷튵뗄쿈뷸듺뇭ꆣ 뛾쫇튵탔뗚죽랽컯쇷뗄랢햹ꆣ쯦ퟅ컒맺컯쇷튵뗄좫쏦뛔췢뾪럅ꎬ맺볊컯쇷뻞춷UPSꆢDHLꆢTNT벰FedEx틑뺭좫늿퓚쓏뺩뚼쫐좦랶캧쓚짨솢쇋럖릫쮾ꆣ맺볊뻞춷뗄볓죫늻뷶볓뻧쇋쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷튵볤뗄뺺헹ꎬ룼뛠쫇캪쓏뺩컯쇷튵뗄 72
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 랢햹듸살쇋쿈뷸뗄맜샭샭쓮뫍맜샭벼쓜ꆣ맺쓚튵뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵ꎬ죧훐쳺뿬퓋ꆢ폊헾ꆢ훐뒢ꆢ훐췢퓋ꆢ훐풶뗈튻엺좫맺탔컯쇷웳튵뚼퓚쓏뺩붨돉튻뚨맦쒣뗄컯쇷짨쪩ꎻ쳬뷲듳쳯ꆢ듳솬뷵돌ꆢ뫚쇺붭뮪폮ꆢ맣뚫풶돉ꆢ짂컷뷝톸ꆢ쟠떺몣뛻뗈좫맺횪쏻뗄듳탍컯쇷웳튵퓚쓾짨폐럖횧믺릹ꎻ뎬십뫕ꆢ헐짌컯쇷ꆢ햬벱쯍ꆢ죕삦ꆢ몫퇇뗈맺볊컯쇷웳튵죫쓏뺩ꆣ 죽쫇쟸폲쓚튵뗚쯄랽컯쇷웳튵랢햹ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚늿튵뗚쯄랽웳튵짐퓚랢햹훐ꎬ늿럖듳탍뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵틑뺭뾪쪼쿲뗚쯄랽컯쇷웳튵뇤ꎬ룼뛠뗄쫇돶쿖붫뗚죽랽컯쇷폫뗚쯄랽컯쇷죚뫏뗄쟷쫆ꆣ웳튵퓚듓쫂튵뗚죽랽컯쇷럾컱뗄춬쪱ꎬ캪웳튵쳡릩튻쳥뮯뗄컯쇷뷢뻶랽낸ꎬ쳡룟ퟔ짭웳튵럾컱뗄퓶볓횵ꆣ 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷튵쯤좻랢햹톸쯙ꎬ떫듓쟸폲컯쇷튻쳥뮯ꆢ쟸폲컯쇷풴돤럖킭뗷샻폃ꎬ틔벰쟸폲컯쇷폫탂탍훆퓬튵죚뫏랽쏦뮹듦퓚튻뚨닮뻠ꆣ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쟸폲컯쇷솪쏋뗄붨솢ꎬ펦듲웆훆퓬웳튵ퟔ펪컯쇷ꆰ듳뛸좫ꆱꆢꆰ킡뛸좫ꆱ뗄퓋ퟷ쒣쪽ꎬ듳솦췆뷸훆퓬웳튵컯쇷볤뗄뫏ퟷ폫솪뫏ꆣ헾뢮퓚쟸폲쓚늿붨솢쫊펦탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹뗄컯쇷믹뗘ꆢ컯쇷훐탄ꎬ붫훆퓬웳튵컯쇷풴뷸탐벯훐뗄춳튻샻폃ꆣ짌튵컯쇷훐ꎬ럀횹룷ퟔ캪헾뗄쿖쿳폺퇝폺쇒ꎬ늻짙듳탍짌튵웳튵컯쇷틑뺭뾪쪼ퟔ붨엤쯍훐탄뗈듳탍컯쇷짨쪩ꎬ럀횹쟸폲쓚컯쇷믹뒡짨쪩뗄뗍쮮욽훘뢴붨짨ꆣ듳솦랢햹뗚죽랽컯쇷ꎬ맄샸탂탍훆퓬웳튵붫ퟔ짭늻뻟놸뺺헹폅쫆뗄컯쇷뮷뷚뷸탐췢냼ꎬ췆뚯컯쇷웳튵폫훆퓬웳튵볤햽싔솪쏋맘쾵뗄탎돉ꆣ듋췢ꎬ듳솦럶돖놾췁뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵쿲뗚쯄랽컯쇷뇤ꎬ쳡룟놾췁웳튵컯쇷럾컱뗄훊솿뫍뢽볓횵ꎬ캪컯쇷웳튵뗄랢햹쳡릩헾닟ꆢ훐뷩ꆢ뷰죚뗈좫랽캻럾컱ꆣ붫훆퓬웳튵볤컯쇷뗄죚뫏ꆢ훆퓬웳튵폫뗚죽랽컯쇷웳튵뗄죚뫏ퟷ캪쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷솪쏋뗄훘뗣ꆣ 믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗄퓋탐놣헏 붨솢뫏샭뗄퓋탐믺릹 뷡뫏뗚컥헂믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹뗄샭싛럖컶ꎬ튪좷놣쯹릹붨뗄믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳헽뎣퓋ꎬ컒쏇뇘탫좷놣컯쇷훷쳥ꆢ컯쇷뿍쳥뫍컯쇷퓘쳥죽헟킭뗷랢햹ꆣ틲듋ꎬ폐뇘튪릹붨럻뫏믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹탨쟳뗄뫏샭뗄퓋탐뷡릹ꎬ평ꆰ튻룶훷쳥ꎬ솽쳗쳥쾵ꎬ솽룶욽첨ꎬ컥훖쒣쪽ꆱ릹돉ꎬ죧춼쯹쪾ꎺ 73
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 컯컯쇷믹뒡 쇷엤쯍훐탄훆퓬웳튵짨쪩욽첨욽 릫닺헾첨릲튵닟틽떼탔헾닟컯쇷훐탄릤튵풰쟸욽ퟩ쳥컯쇷탅쾢 첨횯쾵훆욽첨횧돖탔헾닟 퓬닺튵벯좺컯쇷풰쟸닺랢햹탔헾닟튵탂탍훆퓬 욽닺튵탅쾢 첨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷뿕볤늼뻖쳥쾵욽첨 탂쟸탍폲훆컯뫏ퟷ춬늽퓬쇷튵튵킭뗷뮥늹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믹놾쒣쪽뫪맛헾 컯쇷믹컯쇷릩탂탍훆퓬튵탨쟳럖컶 닟뮷뺳 뒡쳵볾룸럖컶닺튵믹뒡ꆢ쟸캻틔벰컯쇷튵믹뒡쳵볾믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹 쳡릩잿뺢뗄뚯솦횧돖 틀췐폚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뚯솦뗄샭싛럖컶ꎬ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳훐ꎬ헾뢮죔좻쫇틽떼헟ꎬ웳튵쫇훷쳥ꎬ웤쯻뗄짧믡쳵볾쫇횧독ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚뗄룷벶헾뢮펦룃쿠뮥킭ퟷꎬ돤럖랢믓컯훊ꆢ뺫짱ꆢ샻틦ꆢ닺튵ꆢ훆뛈뗈믹놾뚯솦튪쯘퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳훐뗄뚯솦킧폃ꎻ춬쪱ꎬ쿠맘웳튵펦룃믽벫랢믓웤훷맛쓜뚯ퟷ폃ꎬ퓚헾뢮뗄틽떼쿂쳥쿖컯훊ꆢ뺫짱ꆢ샻틦ꆢ닺튵ꆢ훆뛈뗈튪쯘뗄뚯솦ퟷ폃ꆣ ퟷ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄틽떼헟ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ탨튪틀삵폚쟸폲쓚룷룶닣벶헾뢮ꎨ죧튻벶돇쫐쓏뺩ꎻ뛾벶돇쫐헲붭ꆢ퇯훝ꆢ돼훝뗈ꎩ뗄탐헾킭뗷뫍샻틦욫뫃ꎬퟮ훕좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ훰늽맽뛉떽쫐뎡믺훆췆뚯짏살ꆣ춨맽쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚뗄룷벶헾뢮뗄킭뗷ꎬ뿉틔쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳킭춬퓋ퟷ듯떽릲헱ꎬ뒴퓬돶룼듳뗄볛횵ꎬ쪹믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗃떽룼듳뗄듦뒢닺돶샻틦ꆣ 뛸ퟷ캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳랢햹뗄훷쳥솦솿ꎬ웳튵랢믓훷떼ퟷ폃뗄듳킡붫횱뷓뻶뚨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뷸뮯뗄쯙뛈ꆣ웳튵뗄뺭펪쒿뇪쫇ힷ쟳볛횵믲샻틦뗄ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ뛸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷 74
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 쾵춳룸웳튵훷쳥쳡릩뷏듳뗄샻틦ꎬ틲캪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳쫇쾵춳뮯ꆢ죚뫏뮯쇋뗄짺닺솦ꎬ쓜럅듳짺닺튪쯘뗄킧쓜ꎻ랴맽살ꎬ웳튵튲믡듙뷸믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿닺튵탎돉맦쒣킧틦ꆢ튵럖릤킧틦뫍튪쯘폅뮯킧틦ꆣ 뒴붨뿧쟸폲킭춬믺훆 뻍쒿잰쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳뗄랢햹살뾴ꎬ죔좻늻욽뫢,춬쪱듦퓚탭뛠춻돶컊쳢,죧뗘랽놣뮤훷틥퇏훘ꆢ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚쫐뎡쓑틔붨솢ꆢ뗘쟸샻틦쓑틔킭뗷뗈ꆣ뛸튪쪵쿖믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳헢룶듳쾵춳헻쳥뫍킳릲펮뗄랢햹ꎬ뻍늻쓜냑맘쾵웤랢햹뗄튪쯘룮쇑뾪살좥샻폃ꆢ뾪랢ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾킡뷚붫퓚ꆰ춳돯쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷랢햹ꆱ뗄튪쟳쿂뒴붨뿧쟸폲킭춬믺훆ꆣ 쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚뗄룷룶돇쫐ꆢ쎿룶늿쏅뚼튪듓쾵춳뗄뷇뛈살쮼뾼ꎬ룷ퟔ뗄랢햹늢늻쫇맂솢뗄ꎬ뛸쫇쿠뮥솪쾵ꆢ쿠뮥펰쿬뗄ꆣ튪쪵쿖믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳쓚늿룷룶ퟓ쾵춳횮볤튪쯘뗄쿠뮥벤샸ꎬ쪹ퟓ쾵춳횮볤뗄뫏ퟷ폫럖릤ꎬ쾵춳횮볤뷸탐킭ퟷ랢햹ꎬ쪹쎿튻랽뗄랢햹뚼캪뛔랽뗄랢햹쳡릩쳵볾뫍횧돖ꆣ튪퓚돤럖샻폃ퟓ쾵춳쓚늿폅쫆풴뗄춬쪱ꎬ컼쫕뫍샻폃듳쾵춳쓚늿뗄풴뫍쳵볾살쏖늹ퟓ쾵춳쓚늿룷랽쏦뗄늻ퟣꎬ쪵쿖쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚늿룷돇쫐횮볤컯쇷풴뗄폅쫆뮥늹ꎬ헢퇹닅쓜릻닺짺킭춬킧펦ꆣ 샽죧ꎬ붨틩돉솢횰쓜뮯뗄ퟩ횯킭뗷믺릹ꎬ쏅뢺퓰퇐뺿닟뮮ꆢ춳돯맦뮮ꆢ솪쾵릵춨ꆢ횸떼쪵쪩ꆢ탅쾢럾컱ꆢ헾닟램맦톯뗈랽쏦뗄릤ퟷ,췆뚯뫍틽떼쓏뺩뚼쫐좦쓚늿좫랽캻ꆢ뛠닣듎뫍룟킧틦뗄좫쏦뫏ퟷꆣ룷탐헾쟸폲훷쳥믹폚뛔뿧탐헾쟸폲릲춬샻틦뗄ힷ쟳틔벰뺭볃킭춬랢햹뗄탨튪ꎬ퓚늻펰쿬맺볒뫪맛뺭볃뗷뿘뗄잰쳡쿂ꎬퟔ뚯죃뛉튻늿럖쟸폲좨솦룸헢퇹뗄ퟩ횯믺릹ꎬ좷놣룃ퟩ횯믺릹쓜릻펵폐쫊뛈뗄뻶닟좨솦ꆣ 75
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗚웟헂 뷡쫸폯 싛컄훷튪뷡싛 놾컄쫇퓚맺볒ퟔ좻뿆톧믹뷰쿮쒿ꆰ믹폚풴풼쫸폫ퟔ훷뒴탂뗄훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹슷뺶ꆱ폫 2006붭쯕쪡룟킣퇐뺿짺뿆벼뒴탂볆뮮쿮쒿ꆰ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿ꆱ솽쿮뿎쳢뗄횧돖쿂ꎬ틔쾵춳싛뗈캪횸떼쮼쿫ꎬ퓋폃킭춬톧뗈뺭볃맜샭샭싛폫랽램ꎬ퓚탅쾢벼쫵폫췸싧뺭볃뗄붻닦죚뫏뗄놳뺰쿂ꎬ뷸탐믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹퇐뺿뗄ꆣ놾컄캧죆탂탍훆퓬튵쳵볾쿂쟸폲죧뫎릹붨쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뷸탐쇋폐틦뗄첽쯷ꎬ뗃돶쇋죧쿂뷡싛ꎺ 뗚튻ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뿆톧쓚몭쫇틔죋캪놾ꆢ뗀슷쿈탐ꆢ닺튵쟽뚯ꆢ탅쾢헻뫏ꆢ킭춬뷸뮯ꆣ춨맽쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆢ탂탍훆퓬튵쿠맘룅쓮틔벰쯼쏇횮볤뗄맘솪뛈럖컶ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳펦룃쫇럻뫏뫍킳짧믡붨짨탨튪ꎬ늢틀뾿뿆벼뒴탂횧독뫍틽쇬ꎬ쪵쿖쟸폲컯쇷뗄뿕볤킧틦ꆢ쪱볤킧틦뫍룷훖컯쇷뮷뷚뗄뫏샭쿎뷓ꎬퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘랢믓쟸폲컯쇷짨쪩뗄쓜솦ꎬ쪵쿖쟸폲믲룼듳랶캧뗄컯쇷뫏샭뮯ꎬ듙뷸쟸폲ꆰ훆퓬웳튵→탂탍훆퓬튵→ꆮ룼듳랶캧뗄ꆯ뺭볃ꆱ랢햹뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쫇컒맺쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄쿖쪵튪쟳ꆣ퓚좫쟲뮯뫍쟸폲뺭볃튻쳥뮯뗄놳뺰쿂ꎬ릹붨믹폚훷떼닺튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉캪캴살쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄훘튪횧돖쳥쾵ꆣ퓚훐맺퇘몣쟸폲ꎬ뺭볃랢햹돊쿖뗤탍뛾죽튻뷡릹ꎬ훆퓬튵돉캪췆뚯쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄훷떼솦솿뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ릹붨믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳돉캪컒맺늿럖쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뗄뇘좻톡퓱ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄릹붨뇘탫싺ퟣ헻쳥탔ꆢ뾪럅탔뫍킭춬탔뗄튪쟳ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨룹놾ퟚ횼쫇캪쟸폲훷떼닺튵랢햹쳡릩폅훊컯쇷럾컱ꎬ듋췢ꎬ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄랢햹춬퇹쫜떽폫웤랢햹택웝쿠맘뗄컯쇷탐튵ퟜ쳥랢햹쮮욽틔벰쟸폲뺭볃랢햹뫪맛뮷뺳뗄펰쿬ꆣ틲듋ꎬ컄헂틔훆퓬웳튵탐캪쒣쪽뗄뇤캪틀뻝ꎬ춨맽웤탐캪쒣쪽뇤뛔쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쿖쪵튪쟳ꎬ쳡돶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뇘탫싺ퟣ헻쳥탔ꆢ뾪럅탔뫍킭춬탔뗄쳘뗣ꎬ늢뢳폨쇋탂뗄쓚몭ꆣ 뗚쯄ꎬ췸싧늼뻖ꆢ탅쾢욽첨뫍웳튵쳥쾵쫇릹돉믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄뫋탄ퟩ돉튪쯘ꆣ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폐웤뫋탄ퟩ돉늿럖ꎬ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳훐ꎬ웤췸싧늼뻖릹붨쫇틔훆퓬튵닺튵벯뻛쯹듸살뗄뻖늿컯쇷랢햹뫍튪쟳캪믹뒡뗄ꎻ쟸폲탅쾢욽첨쫇놣헏쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳쮳샻룟킧뫍풴폐킧샻폃뗄훘튪놣 76
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 헏ꎻ쟸폲웳튵쳥쾵퓲쫇쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄캢맛믹뒡ꎬ쫇췆뚯훆퓬튵뫍컯쇷튵죚뫏뗄뫏볁ꆣ 뗚컥ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆쫇쪵쿖웤햽싔맜샭쒿뇪뗄햽쫵놣횤ꆣ캪쇋좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳햽싔맜샭쒿뇪뗃틔쪵쿖ꎬ퓚뛔뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆풭샭럖컶뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ듓퓋탐뷡릹ꆢ퓋탐뚯솦ꆢ퓋탐킭춬틔벰퓋탐놣헏쯄룶랽쏦좫쏦ꆢ짮죫뗘웊컶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆ꎬ틔좷놣웤뎯ퟅ헽좷뗄햽싔랽쿲퓋탐ꆣ 싛컄뗄뒴탂뗣 싛컄퓚틔쿂솽룶랽쏦폐쯹뒴탂ꎺ 뗚튻ꎬ뗚튻듎릹붨믹폚훷떼닺튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆣ싛컄듓쟸폲컯쇷햽싔뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯ꎨ뺭볃좫쟲뮯쿂뗄닺튵틆뫍닺튵벯뻛ꎩ떽쟸폲뺭볃맘힢붹뗣뗄뇤뮯ꎨ듓훆퓬튵쿲럾컱튵ꎩ듓뛸쳡돶쇋퓚쟸폲훷떼닺튵쿂죧뫎릹붨쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄컊쳢ꎬ늢틔쟸폲훷떼닺튵캪훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳캪틀뻝햹뾪믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿ꆣ싛컄춨맽뺭볃톧ꆢ짧믡톧ꆢ맜샭톧쫓튰쿂쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳폫탂탍훆퓬튵횮볤맘솪뛈럖컶뗃돶믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뿆톧쓚몭ꎻ늢틔듋ퟷ캪좫컄퇐뺿뗄웰뗣뫍닻쫶틀뻝햹뾪뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄닣듎릹돉틔벰퓋탐믺훆퇐뺿ꆣ늢쟒ꎬ퓚퇐뺿뗄룷룶늿럖훐뚼쳡돶쇋ퟔ벺뗄튻킩탂뗄볻뷢ꎬ캪뫳쏦믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳쫐헾퇐뺿쳡릩쇋잿폐솦뗄횧독ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ틽죫ꆰ탲닎솿ꆱ룅쓮ꎬ훷튪쫇뷨폃킭춬샭싛뗄럖컶뿲볜ꎬ짮죫럖컶펰쿬믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹슷뺶뫍췆뚯랢햹뗄탲닎솿ꆣ퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗄퇐뺿훐ꎬ퓚첽쳖쇋믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뷡릹ꆢ퓋탐뚯솦횮뫳ꎬ캪쇋좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뎯헽좷뗄랽쿲잰뷸ꎬ싛컄틽죫ꆰ탲닎솿ꆱ룅쓮ꎬ훷튪쫇뷨폃킭춬샭싛뗄럖컶뿲볜ꎬ짮죫럖컶펰쿬믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳랢햹슷뺶뫍췆뚯랢햹뗄탲닎솿ꎺ킭춬뷸뮯ꎬ늢쟒붨솢쇋킭춬뷸뮯맜샭믺훆ꆣ 캴살퇐뺿햹췻 놾컄듓쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆢ탂탍훆퓬튵뗄믹놾룅쓮돶랢ꎬ펦폃뛠훖샭싛폚헫뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄닣듎ꆢ퓋탐믺훆뗈뷸탐좫쏦ꆢ짮죫뗄퇐뺿ꎬ쫔춼쳡돶튻룶뷏캪췪헻뗄퇐뺿럖컶뿲볜ꆣ떫쫇ꎬ헫뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퇐뺿폫쪵쪩쫇튻쿮짦벰맺볒ꆢ탐튵ꆢ웳튵틔벰뛠룶쿠맘믺릹쿠엤뫏뗄뎤웚ꆢ볨뻞뗄맽돌ꆣ놾컄헫뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳첽쳖퓚뫜뛠랽쏦뮹폐듽뷸튻늽짮뮯ꎬ쳘뇰쫇퓚믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쓏뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쾵춳펦폃퇐뺿짏ꎬ뮹탨튪잿듳 77
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 뗄닙ퟷ탔벼쫵폫쫖뛎횧돖ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ평폚뇊헟뗄샭싛쮮욽ꆢ쪵볹뺭퇩뫍쪱볤폐쿞ꎬ쇏뫍룶죋톧쪶쯹쿞ꎬ틲듋ꎬ뫳탸뗄퇐뺿릤ퟷ뮹탨튪볓잿틔쿂컊쳢뗄뷢뻶ꎺ 뗚튻ꎬ뛔폚ꆰ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭뮹탨튪뷸튻늽짮뮯퇐뺿ꆣ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄룅쓮ꆢ쳘헷ꆢ탎돉벰캬돖ꎬ뚼쫇횵뗃짮죫췚뻲뗄랽쏦ꆣ평폚헢튻룅쓮뷏탂ꎬ놾컄횻쫇릹훾쇋튻룶듳훂뗄뿲볜ꎬ웤훐뫜뛠쓚죝뚼탨튪뷸튻늽퇐뺿볓틔돤쪵췪짆ꆣ뫳탸퇐뺿뇘탫뷸튻늽짮뮯뛔탂탍훆퓬튵폫쟸폲컯쇷맘솪뛈뗄뺭볃톧ꆢ맜샭톧ꆢ짧믡톧뷢웊ꎬ살췪짆ꆰ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭ꆣ횻폐헢퇹ꎬ닅쓜릻좷놣ꆰ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳ꆱ뗄뿆톧쓚몭퓚쪵볹훐뗃틔뷏뫃뗘실쪵ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뷸튻늽첽쳖ꆣ쳘뇰쫇헫뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐뚯솦ꆢ퓋탐킭춬ꆢ퓋탐놣헏ꎬ뮹탨튪짮죫퇐뺿ꎬ틔좷놣믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳퓋탐믺훆뗃틔헦헽캪쾵춳뷸뮯럾컱ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ놾컄뛔믹폚탂탍훆퓬튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄닣듎릹돉쫇붨솢퓚뒫춳쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨뗄믹뒡횮짏뗄ꆣ떫쫇ꎬ뻍뻟쳥뗄췸싧늼뻖ꆢ탅쾢욽첨ꆢ웳튵쳥쾵뮹탨튪뷸튻늽뷡뫏맺볒뗄뫪맛뺭볃뮷뺳볓틔탞헽ꎬ틔좷놣웤좷쪵쓜릻헦헽캪컒맺퇘몣틔훆퓬튵캪훷떼닺튵뗄쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳릹붨럾컱ꆣ 78
쓏뺩닆뺭듳톧쮶쪿톧캻싛컄 닎뾼컄쿗 ꏛ1ꏝ낲폮ꎮ붭쯕쪡쟸폲뺭볃퇐뺿뗄믘맋폫잰햰[J]ꎮ탬훝쪦랶듳톧톧놨ꎬ2005(1)ꎺ15-19ꎮ ꏛ2ꏝ닜뿋ꎮ탂탍훆퓬튵랢햹폫뫍킳짧믡붨짨[J]ꎮퟔ좻뇧횤램퇐뺿ꎬ2005(11)ꎺ55-58ꎮ ꏛ3ꏝ돌듳쇖ꎮ쓏뺩ꎺ죧뫎틀췐뚼쫐좦랢햹쿖듺럾컱튵[J]ꎮ쿖듺돇쫐퇐뺿ꎬ2003(4)ꎺ61-64ꎮ ꏛ4ꏝ돂샲욽ꎬ믆몣퓆ꎮ쟸폲뒴탂췸싧뗄퓋탐쒣탍벰퓋탐맽돌퇐뺿[J]ꎮ뢣훝듳톧톧놨ꎬ2007(4)ꎺ55-58ꎮ ꏛ5ꏝ뗋뫪뇸ꎮ쫔컶뎤붭쇷폲뿕볤뺭볃쾵춳퓋탐믺훆벰웤퇝뇤맦싉[J]ꎮ짧믡뿆톧퇐뺿ꎬ2004(4)ꎺ19-24ꎮ ꏛ6ꏝ뚭잧샯뗈ꎮ맘폚쟸폲컯쇷샭싛퓚컒맺펦폃뗄퇐뺿[J]ꎮ훘쟬붻춨톧풺놨ꎬ2004(2)ꎺ44-47ꎮ ꏛ7ꏝ맹컄탹ꎮ쟸폲뺭볃킭뗷폫뺺헹[M]ꎬ놱뺩ꎺ뫬웬돶냦짧ꎬ2003ꎺ13ꎮ ꏛ8ꏝ룟뒺쎯ꎮ죕놾뗄쟸폲컯쇷맦뮮쳥쾵[J]ꎮ맺췢돇쫐맦뮮ꎬ1998(2)ꎺ16-20ꎮ ꏛ9ꏝ룟룼뻽뗈ꎮ잳틩쟸폲컯쇷믹뒡욽첨뗄듮붨[J]ꎮ컯쇷벼쫵ꎬ2004(4)ꎺ67-59ꎮ ꏛ10ꏝ맹뿋즯ꎮ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹쟷쫆폫퇘몣뗘쟸훆퓬튵랢햹햽싔[J]ꎮ뾪럅놨뗀ꎬ2004(4)ꎺ27-45ꎮ ꏛ11ꏝ뫎쏷ꎮ컯쇷쾵춳싛[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ훐맺짳볆돶냦짧ꎬ2001ꎺ21ꎮ ꏛ12ꏝ뫎쏷뿀ꎮ컯쇷쾵춳싛럖컶[J]ꎮ훐맺컯쇷폫닉릺ꎬ2003(3)ꎮ ꏛ13ꏝ뫺붨풨ꎮ쓏뺩뚼쫐좦뿉돖탸랢햹[D]ꎮ춬볃ꎺ춬볃듳톧ꎬ2005(12)ꎮ ꏛ14ꏝ믆맺탛ꎮ릹훾쿖듺컯쇷튵랢햹뗄헾닟뿲볜[J]ꎮ놱뺩릤짌듳톧톧놨ꎬ2001(4)ꎺ33-37ꎮ ꏛ15ꏝ뮪죯ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷폫쟸폲뺭볃뗄맘쾵[J]ꎮ컯쇷뿆벼ꎬ2004(9)ꎺ66-68ꎮ ꏛ16ꏝ붪뮪ꎮ쟸폲컯쇷쾵춳뗄쳘헷벰웤폫쟸폲뺭볃쾵춳뗄맘쾵[J]ꎮ훐맺쟠쓪헾훎톧풺톧놨ꎬ2006(3)ꎺ18-21ꎮ ꏛ17ꏝ샮솮쮮ꎮ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ훐맺뿆벼돶냦짧ꎬ2004ꎺ1ꎮ ꏛ18ꏝ샮솮쮮ꎮ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ훐맺뿆벼돶냦짧ꎬ2005ꎺ3ꎮ ꏛ19ꏝ샮솮쮮ꎮ훐맺훆퓬튵랢햹퇐뺿놨룦[M]ꎮ놱뺩ꎺ훐맺뿆벼돶냦짧ꎬ2006ꎺ12ꎮ ꏛ20ꏝ샮잰쾲뗈ꎮ뚫뺩뚼쫐좦컯쇷쿖ힴ벰랢햹쟷쫆[J]ꎮ붻춨퓋쫤쾵춳릤돌폫탅쾢ꎬ2007(2)ꎺ71-73ꎮ 79
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