ֻ18ज ֻ4௹ֹ࿐აݓ࣮ 2002୍11ᄅ GeographyandTerritorialResearchNovember2002ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣ༢აඣሧჷषؿ֥ሧჷߌིႋਾഒზ1,ဲೂ1,ӱྼ࿐2,ဗᆒࣘ1,3(1.ᇏݓֹᇉ॓࿐ჽඣ໓ֹᇉߌֹᇉ࣮෮,ފКᆞק050803;2.ۅֹाअඣ໓ֹᇉ۽ӱֹᇉाҳഡ࠹ჽ,ۅᅦျ734000;3.ᇏݓ॓࿐ჽᆱ࣮෮ᆱФඔਈള࿐ष٢࣮ᇗׄൌဒ൩,Кࣘ100093)ᅋေ:ھ໓ٳ༅ਔޑފੀთࢆඣࠣފඣൈॢٳ҃ܿੰ,߃ٳѩӂૼਔᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣ༢აหᆘ,ฐษਔனֹֹіඣაֹ༯ඣնඔਈཌྷሇ߄֥ܥႵܿੰ,ധೆٳ༅ਔੀთඣሧჷषؿ০Ⴈႄఏ֥ሧჷބߌڵིႋ,ิԛਔੀთඣሧჷषؿ֥ࡹഡྟࡹၰbܱՍ:ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹ;ֹ༯ඣ༢;ඣሧჷषؿ;ሧჷߌིႋᇏٳোݼ:TV211 1+2 ໓ངѓ്:A ໓ᅣщݼ:1001-8107(2002)04-0090-07 ޑފ൞ݓ༆Кֹֻؽնଽފ,ੀთ୪ତഒ,ᆕؿਈაఃཌྷّ(і1)bြषؿൎႫࣲ,ᇏႳᅦျֹཚႵ ࣁᅦျ ֥ૅі1 ޑފੀთᇏ༯Ⴓֹగའሧਘ࠹უ,༯Ⴓح࠶ବੳᇝ൞ݓК֥ٚ၂֡ളᅰbᅟݚϙۚӱ؟୍नࢆ؟୍नᆕ∃8ࠩն୍࣍ࠫটᇏႳֹݖਈ০Ⴈඣሧჷ,ᄯӮ༯Ⴓֹ(m)ඣਈ(mm)ؿਈ(mm)ڄರඔᅦျᅟފ֡؎ੀaѻۄ४aֹ༯ඣ໊༯ࢆ,฿ಖᆱФնਢᄶᅟږ؇ࡨഒބඵວ,ֹۄݬ೬߄a೬ӣВ֩ሱಖᄙݝۚᅟࡆखbޑފੀთ༯Ⴓ֥ളߌذ߄,҂ࣇາࠣ֒ࣵಅᅟ-ֹࣜ࠶ഠ߶ॖӻ࿃ؿᅚ,ߎؓК֩۷նٓຶֹح࠶ବఋᅟ֥ߌջটᇗ႕ཙb ޑފੀთӈ୍ྟֹіފੀࢥؿჷႿ৵,ᇶေᆦੀႵօފaޠඣފaჳފaϥশފaઔႏ1 ੀთగީࠣඣ໓ۀঃފaپুފaޠඣϞފࠣษঠފ֩bࢩᆸ֞1999,୍ޑފؿჷႿ৵ᇏ؍,ԛౝݚ,ཟКੀೆۅ؟୍नԛඣਈູ37 78ၡm3 abފඣቆӮᇏ,സࢆඣaֹ༯ඣބѢ࿒ವඣٳљᅝފඣሹਈ֥,ٳתa༆ਆնඣ༢,תᆦӫޑފ,ູᇶۄੀ,༆ᆦӫКնފbೆଽܞުڿӫح࠶ବފ(ඣ),ቋު55%a35%ބ10%ቐႷb۲ފࢥթᄝ୍࠽ބ୍ଽ֥ᇿೆंݚپa४э߄,پa४୍ඣਈཌྷҵ2~3Пbޑފᑆઋ༬(ଽ),ಆӉ821kmb໊ႿКໂ37!45∀~42!40∀,תࣜ97!05∀~102!00∀bੀთ૫ࠒ13ԛ१؟୍नੀਈູ15 9ၡm3 a,ቋնੀਈຣkm2,ఃᇏჰ૫ࠒ5ຣkm223 1ၡm3(1989୍),ቋཬੀਈ11 06ၡm3(1973(ݣح࠶ବჰ3 4ຣkm2),࣍60%֥თູࠎֹaۥуࠣ೬୍)(1a2)bթᄝ4~7aބ10~28aᇛ௹ྟѯڭۂbಆੀთ܋Ⴕ183 36ຣದ,бࢠ୍࣍ۄੀੀਈ,֮Ⴟ؟୍नᆴ1 8%~,ఃᇏ90%ٳ҃ႿᇏႳჰ,3%ٳ҃ႿഈႳ,6 1%ٳ҃Ⴟࣁෳ11 16%b6%8ᄅ௹ੀਈᅝಆ୍টඣਈ֥70%~ཅ80%bފඣ֥ൈॢٳ҃҂नᄋྟؓଽളӁaളࠃ,0 9%ٳ҃Ⴟح࠶ବఋbޑފֹԩնڴބളߌႵޓն֥႕ཙb,ֹჹݚလ,గީٳջૼཁbഈႳ৵ݥၼ,ു؟୍नగ໑-5~2 ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣ༢หᆘ4#aࢆඣ300~500mm,अ҆ۚࢆඣ600~700mm,ࢆඣሹਈჿ100ၡm3 abՎຓ,ۚഉႵѢ ۴ऌთֹҵၳ,ޑފੀთഈႳ൞Ֆ৵ԫವඣਈჿ4ၡm3 abࢆඣބѢ࿒ವඣ൞ੀთჷᇀᑆઋ༬ԛ१,ᇏႳ൞Ֆᑆઋ༬ᇀሼКളӁaളࠃބളߌႨඣ֥ᇗေটჷbޑފᇏa༯ᆞၬ༬ԛ१,༯Ⴓ൞ᄝᆞၬ༬ၛ༯b၇ऌݣඣҪႳჰ൞ׅ֥նྟۄݬగީ,ऎႵࢆ༎ഒྟࢲܒaࠎָੈఏބ؎Ҫܒᄯ,֩ॖࡼޑފᇏႳሼ,ᆕؿ఼ਛჰ߃ٳູնઔႏaᅦျaࣵಅתބࣵಅ༆ன;ֹ༯,໑ҵն,ڄն೬؟,ರᅶൈࡗӉ֩หׄ,؟୍नగ໑5~10#bࢆਈሱתط༆aሱଲطКࡶႳࣁෳ%ح࠶ବఋჰ߃ٳູࣁෳaح࠶ବఋனֹ ൬۠ರ௹:2002-09-04; ྩרರ௹:2002-09-12 ࠎࣁཛଢ:ݓሧჷ҆ህཛཛଢ(200010301-04);ᇏݓ॓࿐ჽᆩ്Էྍᇗնཛଢ(KZCX1-10-05) ቔᆀࡥࢺ:ਾഒზ(1961-),ଳ,Ѱൖ,ڬ࣮ჴ,ᇶေՖ൙ඣሧჷބඣߌ࣮bE-mail:liushaoyu323@.
ֻ4௹ ਾഒზ֩:ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣ༢აඣሧჷषؿ֥ሧჷߌིႋֻ91်1 ޑފۄੀࣥੀਈ౷ཌ(ᑆઋ༬ᅟ) 2 ษঠފࣥੀਈ౷ཌ ,ᇶေٳ҃ᄝனֹ༆ଲֹ҆,ఃՑ൞னֹ༆҆шခۥуބК҆ᇏшࢸ∋תa༆ंݚ၂ջ,૫ࠒჿ14580km2[1]b༆ଲ҆ݣඣҪ,ᇶေႮԊޠࠒെa೩െ෮ቆӮ,अ҆ࡃႵᅔaᅔุࣤb၂Ϯި150~200m,अ҆ॖղ250mbԩႿފੀ֥ഈႳ,Ⴕ০Ⴟࢤ൳ފඣҀ۳,ݣඣҪ֥ඣྟބڶඣྟࢠݺ;னֹ༆҆шခݣඣҪႮটሱ༆҆ࠎ֥ޠࠒބޑފྙӮ֥ԊࠒቆӮ,ٳ࿊ྟࢠҵ,၂Ϯި30~50m,Ҁ۳่ࡱࢠҵ,ڶඣӱ؇၂Ϯ;னֹК҆ݣඣҪ,ႮটሱК֥҆҂ൈ௹֥ޠࠒaԊࠒބটሱଲ֥҆ފੀԊࠒaࠒ֩ቆӮbתa༆ंݚၛК֥ݣඣҪቆӮၛԊaޠࠒູᇶ,ࢲܒཌྷؓࢠࡥֆ,ၛଲ3 ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣ༢ٳֹ҃ޠࠒބԊޠࠒࢌҭؐࠒ,ྟэ߄ཌྷؓگᄖ,(3)bᅦျࠣת҆னֹଲКॺჿ60~70km,ֻඹ༢ި؇ᄝଲ϶҆700~900m,К϶҆200~400mၛႮКཟଲ,ݣඣҪި؇Ⴎཬэն,ڶඣӱ؇ႮҵэݺbഈֆҪݣඣҪࢲܒమඣඣ໊ઘധ၂Ϯ50~10mbौ;ࣵಅתa༆҆னֹӉჿ250km(ת༆ٚཟ),תனֹ֥ॺ؇(ଲКٚཟ)40~60km,༆னֹॺ؇15~࣍ފ֡ࠣКཌྷؓࢠర,ཟனֹᇏྏᄹնb20kmbתனֹֻඹ༢ި؇,ଲ҆࣍1000m,К҆ᇏa༯Ⴓ۲னֹ,ਆҪބ؟ҪݣඣҪࢲܒ֥మඣӽ၂ջ҂ቀ100mb۲னֹनၛֻඹ༢ᇏaഈ۷ྍބӵඣѩթ,ᇶေٳ҃ᄝޠࠒഁჸa༥ჰֹູᇶေݣඣҪ,္൞षҐֹ༯ඣ֥ᇶေଢ֥Ҫ,ఃֹջބனֹᇏ҆bֹ༯ඣіҪູమඣط༯ູ҆ӵ༯ඣ༢ᇶေหᆘೂі2෮ൕbՖі2ॖᆩ,Ԣਔඣ,మඣ໊ઘധ၂ϮཬႿ10mbᄝ฿ಖ౦ྙ༯,ֹ༯նઔႏனֹඣၛಅඣၮԛބᆕؿᆕอྙൔஆ྄b(&1)ބࣵಅ༆னֹ(&4)ູֆҪݣඣҪࢲܒ֥మඣຓ,ఃनູֆҪݣඣҪࢲܒమඣᄝᇏႳனֹၮԛջᇶေႵᅦျࡾބਢᄶཬބ؟ҪݣඣҪࢲܒ֥మඣބӵඣѩթbᇏႳbమඣ఼ਛᆕؿֹջᇶေؿളᄝனֹК϶҆ඣ໊۲னֹֆҪݣඣҪࢲܒమඣ(&1~&4),ݣඣҪઘധཬႿ5m,іҪమඣ၂Ϯ൞ঀ߄؇ູ1~3g ၛ೩െaെູᇶbި؇Ֆ80~90m֞900mL֥HSO2-4ັ༹ඣ,अ҆ຎֹބӽູঀ߄؇նቐႷbඣॖٳਆ۱ջ,ֻ၂ջඣ໊ઘധ50~300mႿ3g L֥C-l༹ඣ(і2)bᄝ༯Ⴓح࠶ବఋன,ֹՖଲཟКӦࠒ॒৬ࡶ(ଲധКర),ఏሱଲ҆భᆸႿ༥ჰഈ,҆նุཌྷ֒Ⴟۥуെٳ҃ջbֹູ༯ඣ఼Ҁ۳ࣥੀջ༥,ݣඣҪҪՑࡶ؟,ڶඣྟࡶ,ֹ༯ඣ໊ઘധࡶ,రbචҪࢲܒ֥ݣඣҪӯ่ջሑᅚ,҃ఃॺ؇ᄝன ູೆറ%ࣥੀ ,ၹ҂൳ࠇഒ൳ᆕؿ႕ཙ,ܣֹ༯ඣູঀ߄؇<1g L֥HCO-3֎ඣ;ֻؽջֹଲູ҆5~25km,Кູ҆5~45km,૫ࠒჿ9420ඣ໊ઘധ10~50m,໊Ⴟֻ၂ջ༯Ⴓ,ֹ༯ඣঀ߄؇km2bཌྷؓۯඣҪᇶေႮᅔaᅔቆӮ,ި؇5эູ1g 2-LቐႷ,ູHCO-3֎ඣ,अູ҆HSO~15m,ٳ҃໗ק,ઘധ30~50m,ھႵ০Ⴟֹ༯4ັ༹ඣඣ֥ڶࠢbᄝފඣҀ۳ԉቀ௹,ສສ൞ֹ༯ඣྙӮ,൞ֹ༯ඣ֥Ⴕ০षؿֹջb༯Ⴓح࠶ବఋனֹֻඹ༢ֆҪݣඣҪࢲܒమඣಅࠢފֹ؍b؟ҪࢲܒݣඣҪٳ҃Ⴟனֹתଲ֥҆
ֻ92်ֹ࿐აݓ࣮ ֻ18जі2 ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣ༢ᇶေหᆘ༢ྟࢲܒӫඣ৯ྟᇉݣඣҪหᆘࠎָܒᄯหֹׄ༯ඣ߄࿐หᆘֹ༯ඣ༢ٳࢸაѓᆽหᆘ&1ֆҪࢲܒ,೩െࡃඣ໊ઘധ༆ࠣଲ҆200ֻ༢ୃູࠎָ,ઘധঀ߄؇M<~1g L,Ⴅܥ-նઔႏ؎Ҫaնᄖޓഒ֥ᅔ,උm,Кaת҆10m;ݣඣҪଲa༆҆>600m,תaКअ҆1g Lၛഈ,HCO-ু؎Ҫࠣᇏࡗֹઔమඣbި؇༆ଲ҆400m,תК҆100m;னֹФᇛш؎3ႏ֎ඣູᇶbॶ,൞ᅦျனֹބன90m;ֹ༯ඣ๙ݖু؎ਚຶཋbু-նઔႏனֹ֥ٳֹҪࢨཟᅦျனֹஆ྄bࢸཌbֆҪࢲܒၛെඣ໊ઘധ༆ଲ>200mࠎָֻູ༢ୃ,ઘധ,ঀ߄؇M<1g L,ၛ৵భն؎ਚ֥&ބ೩െູᇶ,උమཟКתࡶཬbᅦျaਢᄶHCO-3֎ඣb2ᅦඣb၂ջ؟ಅඣၮԛbӵКҧቋննႿ1000mbК҆ধྍํਫ਼ၛК,ઘധ&ျඣפϰઘധ10~15mbᇏ؟Ҫࢲܒၛ೩ݣඣҪ॒৬ՙٳܼ҃,ި400~600m,ཟКᇯࡶэమඣM1~3g L,SO2-4Ⴓனaᅔaٸ༥೩aனֹ؇༆ଲ>700m,Кתరbனֹࠎָбࢠषখa೩െҪູᇶັ༹ඣ,ݣF-;ӵඣ,උֹమඣބӵඣb100m,ࣥੀ่ࡱݺbฌb1g L,HCO-3֎ඣbֹ༯ඣ؟Ҫࢲܒູٸ༥೩ඣ໊ઘധଲ҆>200m,ࠎָଲֻ҆༢ູᇶ,Кঀ߄؇(M)1g L,ۚႅڙੈఏܒӮਔ༢&К҆3m,ઔႏ၂ջቋധ҆ϢᎡ༢ູᇶbઘധઔ3ა೩aᅔSO2-4֎ඣࣵಅתனֹބᅦျனࣵҪ,උమඣބӵඣ>500m;ӵඣפϰઘႏχཊቋն>1400m,ֹ֥ٳࢸཌbਆனֹಅbധ10~15mbݣඣҪިఏڙն;К҆ઘധ100~ֹ༯ඣ๙ݖֻඹ༢Ⴎת؇300~100mbઔႏχ300m,ฌषখ,ఏڙ҂మඣM1~3g L2-,SO4ᅦျனֹੀೆࣵಅתனֆҪࢲܒၛ೩ཊ၂ջ900mbתК҆նbֹݣF-ັ༹-༹ඣ;ӵனֹbെa೩ᇉെູᇶ,ྟࢠ༥,ֹ༯ඣࣥੀஆ྄උమඣb่ࡱэҵbඣM1g L,SO2-4֎ඣb&4ࣵֆ၂ࢲܒ,ၛെֹ༯ඣ໊ઘധႮଲ֥҆ࠎָֻູ༢ୃ,ઘധঀ߄؇<1g L,HCO-ࡁოܱ؎ਚა໓൹3ಅބ೩െູᇶ,උమ100mཟКэູ30mbଲ҆؎ਚࡗ800mၛഈ,༆ඣbཟКэЊb؎ਚڸ࣍Ⴕ֎ඣູᇶ؎ੈ൞ࣵಅתa༆னֹٳࢸཌbఃࡗૼனಅඣԛbཁ֥ඣ৯৳༢,༆ֹ҆ၛֹіٳඣູࢸbֆҪࢲܒၛݣՙֹ༯ඣ໊ઘധࢠర,ᄝଲࠎָֻູ༢,ઘധཌྷؓঀ߄؇<1g L,HCO-3ֹຖ%תਃႅڙੈఏ(1ᇏ೩aୃᇉ೩െ҆ቋնູ50m,ཟКэర,ࢠฌb༆Кઘധࣁູᇶ,උమඣbЊ-SO2-ࠣת༆ਆ؊ࠎҗ4֎ඣ,ቋరԩࣇ1mb100~400mbתଲઘധ౭,൞ࣁෳனֹ֥תෳ100~200mb(ன؟Ҫࢲܒٸ༥೩აКшࢸ,္൞აح࠶మඣM1~3g L,HSO2-4ବఋனֹ֥ٳࢸཌb༯ֹ೩aᅔҪູᇶ,උႳ;ӵඣM1g L,னమඣބӵඣbHSO2-4-HCO-3֎ඣֹֹֆҪၛݣՙᇏඣ໊ઘധଲ30m,Кэࠎָֻູ༢ބϢᎡ༢bঀ߄؇1g L,HCO-3%აࣁෳனֹ֥ඣ৯৳༯(2೩aୃᇉ೩െa೩ູ3mbӵඣפϰઘઘധ༆50m,ཟתᇯࡶHSO2-༢ᇶေ๙ݖޑފފੀ4ࠇHSO2-4-ඣحູᇶ,උమඣbധ10~50mbᄹ֞նႿ150m,ࡹݓႏ༢࠶ބܞರମ၂ջઘധቋHCO-3֎ඣܡֹႮࣁෳனֹੀཟ;ح࠶ବఋனֹbବ؟Ҫࢲܒٸ༥೩aնູ350mbమඣM3~313g L,ఋᅔaᇏ༥೩ҪູHSO2-னᇶ4-C-lࠇC-l-,උమඣބӵඣֹbHSO2-4༹ඣࠇඣ;ӵඣM1~2g L,HSO2-4ັ༹ඣ;अ҆F-ӑѓbܞರମބனֹК֥҆ݰศঞ%ح࠶ବཅӬ၂ջ,ሹ૫ࠒ8950km2b&ӵݣඣҪפ૫֥ઘധູ3 ֹіඣაֹ༯ඣཌྷሇ߄หᆘ40~50m,(ӵݣඣҪ֥פ૫ઘധູ80~120m,ݣᄝ৵ധ్ඣ໓ຩ఼֥ਛஆ྄ቔႨ༯ބభඣҪ(ቆ)֥ሹި؇၂Ϯ150~180m,अֹ҆؍ղջֹҪֹࠣᇉܒᄯ֥ቅۯ؟ᇗ႕ཙ༯,ޑފ۲ᇶေ300mbޠࠒഁפބފੀڸֹ࣍༯ඣູঀ߄؇ཬႿ1ᆦੀᄝੀԛᆭభ,ࢤବਔधն҆ٳඣਈ,ປ2-g L֥H-CO3%HSO4ࠇH2-SO4%H-CO3֎Ӯਔֹ༯ඣ֥Ҁࣥஆ࿖ߌݖӱbފੀࣉೆனֹඣު,षਔაֹ༯ඣྍ֥ሇ߄ݖӱbሹุط,ޑފ;ཟКބת༆ਆҧ,ູঀ߄؇1~3g L֥HSO2-4%C-lބHSO2-4%HCO-3ັ༹ඣ;ᇀԊੀთᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣაފඣᆭࡗթᄝູࠞૡ్ࠒބࠒჰ֥ܞರମູঀ߄؇3~50g L֥֥նඔਈ֥ཌྷሇ߄ܱ༢,ܒӮފඣaֹ༯ඣaಅඣHSO2-໊၂ุ֥ ފੀ%ݣඣҪ ุ༢,ऎႵ ࣥੀაಅ4%C-lࠇC-l%HSO2-4༹ඣࠇඣ;֞༆ंݚaࣉݚሰބܞರମྏຎֹֹ༯ඣູඣaᆕؿ ཌྷޙ֥თඣनޙหׄbঀ߄؇ۚղފੀੀࣜభඣྟ఼ࠞെۥуֹջ,նਈ50~313g L֥C-lބC-l%HSO2-4֥ඣbറሇ߄ֹູ༯ඣ,ູҀ۳ࣥੀ(4)b฿ಖ౦ঃ
ֻ4௹ ਾഒზ֩:ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣ༢აඣሧჷषؿ֥ሧჷߌིႋֻ93်༯,ࢠն֥ފੀੀࣜඔ܄ۥу,ފඣခാੱֹ༯ඣҀ۳ਈᇏ,Ⴕ4 03ၡm3 aႮފඣೆറྙӮ,ॖղ70%~80%,ࢠཬ֥ފੀԛު༯ੀඔ܄ࣼᅝھனֹ༯ඣሹҀ۳ਈ֥64 3%bറാռ࣐bֹ༯ඣੀ֞ሼჰК֥҆ޠࠒഁჸֹሸܴனֹֹ༯ඣაފඣ֥ཌྷሇ߄,ᇏႳன,ֹջބაᆭிਣ֥༥ჰ,ູࣥੀஆ྄bՎފඣሇ߄ֹູ༯ඣ,ᅝֹ༯ඣҀ۳ਈ֥80%,طֹ༯ၹݣඣҪ֝ඣྟࠤखэҵ,ֹ༯ඣࣥੀ൳ቅ,၂҆ٳඣၛಅඣބފԵమੀሇ߄ູފඣ֥ਈ,ᅝֹ༯ඣஆֹ༯ඣၛమඣᆕؿ֥ྙൔஆ,྄၂҆ٳֹ༯ඣခ྄ሹਈ֥40%~70%ၛഈ;༯Ⴓன,ֹ࣍70%֥ފᎦࠇ֮ຎֹၛಅඣնਈၮԛྙൔஆ྄ֹ֞і,߸ࠢඣႻሇ߄ֹູ༯ඣbᆃᇕնඔਈ֥ሇ߄ݖӱ൞ފੀӮಅሇ߄ູފඣ,ᄜཟ༯Ⴓੀಀ,֞ފੀԛ१ᆞၬ%ݣඣҪ༢෮ܥႵ֥ܿੰหᆘ,ႋࡆၛ॓࿐০Ⴈb༬ڸ࣍,ၹࠎઊ,ᇁᇏႳனֹஆ྄ࠎሙ૫ၛഈֻ֥ඹ༢।༣ඣᇀՎಆ҆ၮԛطሇ߄ູފඣ,ܙෘ4 ඣሧჷषؿ০Ⴈႄఏሧჷэ߄აߌིႋૄ୍๙ݖފԵႵ࣍5ၡm3ֹ༯ඣᆰࢤሇ߄ູފඣ ඣሧჷषؿ০Ⴈሑঃ۴ऌ2000୍ಅҩੀ࠹ෘ,ᇏႳჰֹ༯ඣሇ߄ֹູޑފੀთඣaሧჷषؿൎࣲჹ,)ފ༆ᆽ∗࠺іඣ֥ಅඣਈູ12 03ၡm3 abᄛ,2000؟୍భᆃၘषโफ़ᆲaष౻ᇽϞaႄඣࢎܹ,ଽགྷႵ֥ႄඣ౻֡ն؟षᄧႿݱนᇀૼౢൈսbࠢᇏႿᇏႳჰࠣ༯Ⴓࣁෳܹb20ൗࡀ80୍սၛট,ᇏႳֹ୪ြؿᅚ,ܹۃ૫ࠒႮ50୍ս֥5ຣhm2,ᄹࡆ֞ଢభ21 3ຣhm2,ؿᅚਔ0 33ຣhm2ඣโbགྷႵᇏaཬඣ९98ቖ,ሹ९ಸ3 4ၡm3,ఃᇏඣ९22ቖ,୍ט॥ԛފඣ5ၡm3bದ۽ੳᇝଽ҃ડਔႄඣ౻ຩ,གྷႵۄaᆦ౻֡9l0่,ሹӉ4500km,౻֡өకੱղ50%~70%,୍ႄႨފಅඣሹਈղ32 6ၡm3,ֹіඣ০Ⴈ4 ᅦျனֹֹіඣაֹ༯ඣሇ߄ܱ༢௩૫ੱղ86%(і3)bޑފᇏႳჰ༥,୪ြбࢠؿղ,ႄފඣࠣ ऌ࠹ෘ,ੀთֹ༯ඣॖषҐሧჷਈ11 7ၡm3 ಅඣܹۃႵሢႫࣲൎ,҆ٳඣФቔളӉ෮ཨݻ,a,ੀთགྷႵषҐࠏࣝ8000င,୍षҐֹ༯ඣਈ5 1҆ٳඣറೆሇ߄ֹູ༯ඣb۴ऌ2001୍࠹ෘ,ᇏႳၡm3,ᅝֹ༯ඣॖषҐሧჷਈ֥43 4%(і4),ॖனֹֹ༯ඣҀ۳ඣਈ26 95ၡm3 a,ఃᇏ21 31ၡ,ޑފੀთֹіඣषؿӱ؇,ۚၘ؟֥০Ⴈమm3 aႮފ౻ඣࠣโࡗܹۃඣ֩ೆറሇ߄ট,ᅝֹ༯৯bطֹ༯ඣषҐӱ؇ࢠ,֮ഉႵ၂ק֥০Ⴈమ৯bඣൻೆሹਈ80%bފඣࣉೆ༯Ⴓح࠶ବனֹ,ᄜ؇ໃটޑފੀთඣሧჷषؿ০Ⴈ,ႋЧሢᇏနࠣႵܱറሇ߄ֹູ༯ඣ,1999୍ᄝಆனֹ6 27ၡm3 a҆҆ඇ,ᇏႳᇯܼ҄ࢫඣܹۃ୪ြ,࣐ॖିі3 ޑފੀთԛފඣਈࠣषؿ০Ⴈਈ࠹ཅ ൧օুᅦျਢᄶۚࣵಅࡁოܱࣁෳކ࠹ԛފඣਈ(ၡm3 a)ފಅඣႄႨਈ(ၡm3 a)і4 ޑފੀთֹ༯ඣषؿ০Ⴈ౦ঃཅ ൧օুᅦျਢᄶۚଲࣵಅࡁოܱࣁෳح࠶ବఋކ࠹གྷႵࣝඔ(င)373509981982790190142215613504738000ֹ༯ඣॖҐਈ(ၡm3 a)ֹ༯ඣषҐਈ(ၡm3 a)षؿ০Ⴈӱ؇(%)༯Ⴓࠆ֤۷؟֥ފಅඣb༯Ⴓႋࡆնؓڶඣֹ༯ඣ০۽ӱ,ೂჰඣ९a఼ٝറႄඣ౻֡֩bჰඣሧჷाҳބषؿ৯؇,ၛڿఃߌ่ࡱbֹіඣaֹ༯ඣሇ߄ܱ༢Ӂളਔૼཁ֥э߄,іགྷ ඣሧჷэ߄ٳ༅ഁֹ༯ඣ఼Ҁ۳ೞാҀ۳ඣჷބਅݺೆറ่ ֹ༯ඣሧჷᇯ୍ࡨഒ ޑފੀთሧჷྟಌࡱ,սᆭ༥ܹ֥Ҁ۳่ࡱ,ֹ༯ඣ۷ྍି৯ࢆඣᇗ,ࡆᆭᇏႳֹࣜ࠶ഠ߶ؿᅚໃԉٳॉ੮ඣ֮,Ҁ۳ඔਈೌࡨ(і5),ޑފᇏႳ20ൗࡀ90୍սሧჷ่ࡱbᇶေ൞୍࣍ࠫট,ෛሢದ۽ੳᇝঔᅚު௹б50୍սֹ༯ඣҀ۳ਈࡨഒ9 9ၡm3 a,აބླඣਈᄹࡆ,ᄝᇏႳனֹྖࡹਔնਈ҂ކֹі80୍սԚбࢠ༯Ⴓனֹࡨഒղ51 5%b
ֻ94်ֹ࿐აݓ࣮ ֻ18जі5 ޑފᇏႳ҂ൈ௹ֹ༯ඣҀ۳ਈֹᆕؿࠒቔႨ,మඣ(ࠣಛ)؇ᄹն,ඣᇉэൈҵb҂ࣇࢆ֮ਔֹ༯ඣඣᇉࠣᇉ,طՖᆜุഈ ௹50୍ս60୍ս70୍ս90୍սު௹ᇏ௹ު௹ު௹Ҁ۳ਈ(ၡm3 a)ႄఏඣᇉྟॖႨֹ༯ඣሧჷඔਈࡨഒb44 2 4 ඣሧჷ֥ሹุ০Ⴈིੱࢆ. ඣሧჷॖᇗگ০Ⴈੱࢆ֮ ಅඣ൞ࣜݖֹ֮ ၂Ϯটඪ,ඣіඣၳთҀ۳ֹ֥༯ඣطުၮԛ֥ᇗگඣሧჷ,ಅሧჷ൞Ֆඣุ࿖ߌބඣุ҂؎۷ྍ֥ܴׄ࠹ෘԛ֥ඣԛੀਈ֥նږ؇කࡨၐ൞ඣሧჷᇗگਈ֥նਈඣਈ,൞ෛൈࡗطэ߄֥[2]bᆺႵඔਈն࿖ߌࢌࡨഒbޑފᇏႳಅඣකࡨੱ۲ֹႵ҂,၂Ϯಅู؇ॹࠇ۷ྍ௹؋֥ඣ,ุఃඣሧჷਈҌپڶ,ّഈ҆ഁჸֹջකࡨੱն,ಅ༯҆ौ࣍༥ֹ֮ᆭᄵكbޑފݖ؟֥҂ކඣ০۽ӱࠣఃؓފඣකࡨੱཬbऌ࠹,ޑފᇏႳ20ൗࡀ60୍սಅඣ֥ݖਈ॥ᇅ,ᇁधն҆ٳჰЧࠒࠞҕაඣุ࿖ߌஆ྄ਈ22 6ၡm3 a,70୍ս16 06ၡm3 a,90୍ބॹ۷ྍ֥ඣሧჷՖඣ࿖ߌุᇏٳطӮູ၂Ցսଌ14 22ၡm3 a,90୍սଌб60୍սࡨഒ8 38ྟཨݻ(ՙܙෘູགྷሑ০Ⴈਈ֥70%~80%),ᆃၡm3 ab1967%1984୍ޑފۄੀօ%ۚ؍֥ၐննࡨഒਔॖႨඣሧჷ֥धؓඔਈ,ࠧ҂࠹ಅඣකࡨੱູ-0 46%;ۚ%ᆞၬ༬؍֥ಅඣකᄹն֥ᆕؿാ,ॖႨඣሧჷሹਈࢆ္֮൞ૼཁࡨੱູ-2 77%֥,ႋധೆषᅚᆃٚ૫࣮b,ሹनකࡨੱູ-0 73%b֞ਔ1985%2000୍,ಅඣකࡨཌྷؓࢠཬ,ਢᄶڸ֥࣍ಅ ඣሧჷषؿ০Ⴈ֥ߌིႋܴҩඣሧჷषؿ০Ⴈႄఏ֥ߌིႋႵᆞڵචཟ,ׄః൝ݦඔ࣍රіൕೂ5,؟୍नකࡨ3 6041L s,කࡨੱղ-3 22%bఃᇏ1985%1990ྟ,ᆞིႋ൞๙ݖඣ০۽ӱծീੀთඣሧჷնਈ୍ࠎЧකࡨ,1991%2000୍කࡨᄹն,न୍කࡨႨႿದ۽ੳᇝ,ࠎЧЌᆣਔੳᇝളӁളࠃႨඣ,՜3 7412L sࣉਔ۽୪ြളӁ֥ಆ૫ؿᅚބഠ߶ࣉ҄bڵིႋ൞,කࡨੱղ-3 34%bႮႿඣሧჷषؿޭਔؓളߌ֥ႵིЌႄఏ,֥ᇶေіགྷູၛ༯ਆٚ૫:4 3 1 ੀთ༯Ⴓனֹೆඣਈࡨഒੳᇝ෪ཬ,ֹն૫ࠒ೬߄ ح࠶ବனֹၹఃնగࢆඣ༎ഒ,ۥу೬ђ,҃ܣ҂ሱӁֹіࣥੀbᇶေ၇ौޑފሩအሢனֹଽ֥ੳᆱФbޑފੀೆඣਈ֥؟ഒथקਔ༯Ⴓ֥ളߌሑঃbऌᆞၬ༬ඣ໓ᅟሧਘ,ޑފੀཟ༯Ⴓனֹ֥ඣਈӯᇯࡶࡨഒݖӱb205 ಅ6ܴҩׄಅඣੀਈ౷ཌಅඣ༯ࢆ൞༯Ⴓனֹފඣਈࡨഒ֥ᇗေჰၹൗࡀ50୍սनູ12 25ၡm3 a,60୍սູ10 65,หљ൞ᄝݬ࠱,ࣉೆ༯Ⴓனֹ֥ފඣࠫެϤٳᆭϤၡm3 a,70୍սູ10 55ၡm3 a,80୍սູ10 45ႮᇏႳனֹಅඣ߸Ӯၡm3 a,90୍ս7 35ၡm3 a,90୍սቋ֮ᆺႵ,෮ၛ,ݤအᇏႳனֹֹ༯ඣ,ົӻఃಅඣթᄝѩЌӻ၂קੀਈؓ໗קࣉೆ༯Ⴓ֥1 83ၡm3 a,ފ֡؎ੀ௹,Ⴎჰট֥100dቐႷӉފඣਈႵٳᇗေ֥ቔႨb֞གྷᄝ200dၛഈb1949%1999୍ᆞၬ༬ࣥੀਈᄝ4 2 3؟୍ശࢆѯᇏሹุකࡨੱູ756ຣm3 a,80୍ս თֹ༯ඣ໊նږ؇༯ࢆބܹඣ໊໗ק,ႄఏඣᇉྟሧჷࡨഒ ᄝޑފᇏႳனֹ,ᄀौ࣍ഈᇏު௹ၛটකࡨੱᄹն,नղ֞3000ຣm3 abႳֹ༯ඣ໊༯ࢆږ؇ᄀն(6-aa6-ba6-ၹೆඣਈ֥ࡨഒ,ᄯӮ20ൗࡀ50୍ս૫ࠒc),ఃᇏু65ݼׄބࣵಅ47ݼֹׄ༯ඣ໊༯ࢆٳљູ267km2a35 5km2֥༆aתंݚ,ٳљᄝ࣍රູཌ,ྟఃٚӱ:ູy=-1 1105x+4017 6,y=1961୍a1992୍ཌྷۄދ,ൈ16۱ಅሰa4۱ᅴ-0 3022x+2053 8,1985%1999୍न༯ࢆٳљູᄶཨാbჿ24 7ຣhm2֥ඣთ૫ࠒູࡡฅ,1 11m aބ0 30m a;ਢᄶ55ݼֹׄ༯ඣ໊іགྷູခފֹֹ༯ඣ໊न༯ࢆ1 1m,୍नࢆږ22؟୍ശࢆѯᇏ֥ሹุ༯ࢆݖӱ,न༯ࢆږ؇ູcm;༆ފ༯ႳֹбჰႵֹ༯ඣ໊ࢆ֮3~4m,ת0 28m a;طܹమඣ໊ࠎЧЌӻ໗ק(7),ఃފ༯Ⴓࢆږᄝ2~3m,ފᄶֹაֹ༯ඣర൝ٚӱູy=0 0084x+1328 9bඣ໊༯ࢆᇶေູઘ֥ᆱФն҆ٳཨാb30aট,حఋޱဗਟႮჰ֮ঀ߄؇Ⴊᇉ֎ඣሧჷҀஆാޙٳ҃,ඣ໊ࠎЧট֥5ຣhm2ࡨഒ֞2 27ຣhm2,नૄ୍ࡨഒЌӻ໗קᇶေٳ҃ᄝ၂ུնਈႄފಅඣܹ,ྙ0 091ຣhm2;ᡵੁႮჰট֥15ຣhm2ࡨഒ֞10ӮਔފಅඣӉ௹ܹറაᆕؿཌྷޙܱ༢,ၹ൳ຣ2hm2,नૄ୍ࡨഒ0 167ຣhmbऌݴோࢳ
ֻ4௹ ਾഒზ֩:ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹֹ༯ඣ༢აඣሧჷषؿ֥ሧჷߌིႋֻ95်6-a ু65ݼֹׄ༯ඣ౷ཌ 6-b ਢᄶ55ݼֹׄ༯ඣ౷ཌ 6-c ࣵಅ47ݼֹׄ༯ඣ౷ཌ 7 ޑފֹֹׅ༯ඣ໗ק౷ཌ(ۚᆓ7ݼׄ)ၲ,1987୍ح࠶ବੳᇝሹ૫ࠒູ6431 07km2,னֹᇅᆱФᆞӈളӉ,ႄఏളۄݬ,ӮູᆱФ߄֥ᇶੳᇝڭۂੱູ20 46%b1996୍ੳᇝሹ૫ࠒູေၹᆭ၂,ဢࡆॹਔֹཟߙ߄ሇэb5280 46km2,னֹੳᇝڭۂੱ16 74%,10aࡨഒਔ5 ࢲંაࡹၰ1150 61km2(ູჰੳᇝ૫ࠒ֥1 5);2000୍ྒܴҩࢲݔ,ح࠶ବੳᇝ෪ཬ֞ჿ3300km2,бޑފඣሧჷᇶေྙӮႿ৵ᇏ҆,ࣉೆன1987୍ཨࡨ࣍၂϶,ཨ֥ੳᇝཟߙ߄ֹؿᅚbֹުࣜݖაֹ༯ඣ؟Ցّگնඔਈ࿖ߌሇ߄,ቋᇔଢభၘႵ35 1ຣhm2֥ॖႨֹ(ჰਟҤᆱФaֹཨݻႿᇏa༯Ⴓனֹb࣍10aԛඣਈႵࡨഒ,૫ඣთބ୪โ)೬߄,ჿᅝಆఋॖ০Ⴈֹ૫ࠒ֥ੀೆ༯Ⴓح࠶ବனֹඣਈೌࡨ֥ᇶေჰၹ,൞ᇏႳ54%ࢫᇅֹᄹնཨݻྟႨඣᄯӮ,֥ཨݻྟႨඣᄯӮ;ᆱФཨၩ฿ಖੳᅰѝਢཨാ,೬ӣВາݝࡆखb୍ུ࣍,ح࠶ବఋಆ୍8ࠩၛഈնڄղֹ༯ඣሧჷࡨഒaඣ໊༯ࢆaಅඣնਈකࢰބඣሧჷ֞50d,؟ڄဘ೬ರनૄᄅ20dሹุ০Ⴈིੱࢆ֮b္༯Ⴓೆඣਈೌࡨ,ѩႄ,ᆃၘࣜӮູݓ೬ӣВ֥ᇶေӣჷ,ੀ೬ᆞၛૄ୍20~30m֥ؿਔඣߌᇉਈ༯ࢆࠣੳᇝളາࠏbᆃ࠻൞ದ؇ཟੳᇝڴֹࣉোഠ߶҂ކ֥ඣሧჷषؿ০Ⴈ֥ުݔ,္൞ሱ,ح࠶ବੳᇝ૫ਢޓॹཨാ֥າགbಖֹᇉ%ളߌ҂໗קဆ߄ো[4]؛ࠗ߄֥4сಖӁ,ၹՎหљࡹၰ:1)ԉٳ০ႨனֹᇏaഈႳ. ੳᇝಛࡡ߄აඣߌᇉਈ༯ࢆ ޑފᇏa༯Ⴓனֹ֮ຎᆭԩ,ೂᅦျࡡฅaۚޑಅֹֻඹ༢ऍިݣඣҪֹؓ༯ඣ֥ऍնטԥି৯,%ӽaࣵಅК҆aࣁෳК҆[3]aܞರମၛࠣת༆ंᇗ൪ֹ༯ඣҀ۳่ࡱބ۷ྍି৯֥Ќ,॓࿐ݤအݚི֩ۚ০Ⴈֹ༯ඣ,ࡨഒ၂ՑྟཨݻႨඣིࠣാb,ֹֹ༯ඣ໊ઘҟധ؇၂ϮཬႿ3m,మඣ఼ਛᆕؿ,ඣᇉэߊ,ᄯӮದ྾ႂඣބಛᇗࠒ2)࿖னֹֹ༯ඣაֹіඣնඔਈཌྷሇ߄֥ܥႵӮູࡡbऌحఋඣ০अܴҩܿੰ,ט॥ֹіඣਈބֹ༯ඣ໊,Ќੀთളߌ,1988%1995୍,ֹ༯ඣঀ߄؇௴ђิۚ2~3g L,ܞರମaܮሰ၂,॥ᇅඣᇉਈཟਅྟؿᅚ,ѩაః۲ြླྀטؿջֹ֥༯ඣݣڗਈ၂Ϯູᅚb3)ൌྛഈa༯Ⴓனֹ,ֹ༯ඣაֹіඣ,ၛܹࠣ2~4mg L,۱љֹۚղ4mg Lၛഈ,ದ྾ႂႨ҂ࣇતྟڗᇏ,ӋѨඣሧჷ֥ކט,ЌӻᇏႳனֹಅඣ၂קੀਈ,ೈܠѨᇯ୍ᄹ؟,ط۲ᇕၐܯѨ္ൈႵؿളbႨၛົބ໗ק༯Ⴓனֹ֥ފඣੀೆਈ[5],ൈࡆଢభੀთᇏa༯Ⴓࡡ૫ࠒၘղ఼ੀთളླඣ࣮ܵ,ള༢҂ᄜذ߄b4954km2,ఃᇏح࠶ବఋࡡ૫ࠒູ3370km2,ᅝሹࡡ૫ࠒ֥68%bٳ҃ٓຶᄝ҂؎ঔն,ࡡ߄ӱ؇္ᄀটҕॉ໓ང:[1] ࿊.༆Кޑފ༯Ⴓح࠶ବனֹֹ༯ඣ༢࣮[J].ඣ໓ֹᄀᇗbൈరҪඣᇉބಛᇉਈ֥༯ࢆࣉ၂҄ၝᇉ۽ӱֹᇉ,2002(l29):16-20.
ֻ96်ֹ࿐აݓ࣮ ֻ18ज[2] ਟ࿐᪤,ਗሧള,֩.ֹ༯ඣܵ[M].Кࣘ:ֹᇉԛϱഠ,1995.൝࣮[A].౷ߕਟ,֩.ದোളթֹ֥ᇉߌ໙ี[C].Кࣘ:ֹ4-5.ᇉԛϱഠ,-74.[3] ӧੇޗ,౷ဲܻ,֩.ފ༆ֹඣሧჷࠣఃކषؿ০Ⴈ[5] ࢀྼܻ.ੳශۣ%ߛފaޑފaෳଡފטඣൌ[M].Кࣘ:[M].Кࣘ:॓࿐ԛϱഠ,-152.ᇏݓඣ০ඣԛϱഠ,-62.[4] ဲೂ,֩.ᇏݓ300ຣ୍টֹᇉ-ളߌࠣఃࣂުဆ߄GroundwaterSystemandWaterResourcesEnvironmentEffectInducedbyWaterResourcesDevelopmentintheMiddleandLowerReachesoftheHeiheRiverLIUShao-yu1,LUYao-ru1,CHENGXu-xu2e,YANGZhen-jin1,3g(,Zhengding050803;,GansuBureauofGeologicalExploration,ZhangYe734000;,InstituteofBota ny,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100093,China)Abstract:Inthepaper,theprecipitationandtemporal-spatialdistributionregularitiesoftheriverwaterinthestudyareahasbeenanalyzed,groundwatersystemanditscharacteristicsofthemiddleandlowerreacheshavebeendividedanddeliberatedandtheintrin ,:middleandlowerreachesoftheHeiheriverbasin;systemofgroundwater;exploitationofwaterresource;effectofre sourceandenvironment.(ഈࢤֻ81်)ႚႵ֥ཛᆷѓඔູ13526ದ,໊ंಆݓֻؽ;طᇏ༆֥҆ҵၳbת҆ᄝᆩ്Էྍ֥۲۱ٚ૫бᇏᇜസ൞ದनGDPቋֹູ֥֮2819ჭ,ཛᆷѓ༆҆ႵૼཁႪ൝,ႮႿᆩ്Էྍି৯ᄝࣜ࠶ᄹӉᇏඔູ3191ದ,໊ंಆݓ֚ඔֻؽ;༆ҟᄵ൞ದ৯ሧ֥ቔႨᆞэ֤ᄀটᄀᇗေ,ᆃᇕႪ൝сಖ߶ࣉ၂҄Чቋֹ֥,ཛᆷѓࡆఏটࣇႵ2433ದ,ದनঘնת҆აᇏ༆҆თࣜ࠶ؿᅚඣ֥ҵएbՖၛGDPູ4483ჭ,໊ंಆݓ֚ඔֻbοתaᇏaഈٳ༅ॖၛुԛ,࣐ܵᇏֹ҆ᄝࣜ࠶ؿᅚඣഈ༆նֹջটु,ᄜՑཁൕԛᇏa༆҆აת֥҆ऍնૼཁۚႿ༆ֹ҆,ᄝᆩ്Էྍି৯ٚ૫ѩ҂бҵၳbದ৯ሧЧࠒඣתູ҆7920ದ;ᇏa༆҆༆҆ऎႵ۷ն֥Ⴊ൝bᆃࡼ֤ᇏֹ҆ᄝໃট֥ᄵٳљູ4968ದބ4435ದ(і4)bؿᅚᇏ۷ۊഈתֹ҆,طႵॖିཟ༆ֹ҆і4 ದ৯ሧЧࠒ(οתaᇏa༆նֹջ)ौ࣍bᆃᇕགྷའა൝ႋႄఏᇿၩ,ᄝთؿᅚᅞ2000୍ದन2000୍ૄ1999୍ૄ1999୍ૄᇕದ֥ᇅקᇏࡆၛԉٳॉ੮bGDP(ჭ)ຣದႚႵ֥ຣದ֥ؿຣದ֥ඌჴᆭބ նህၛഈದದჴඔ(ದ)ದჴඔ(ದ)(ದ) १(ದ) ҕॉ໓ང:ת҆न12727 41595418917767920[1] -basedEconomy[R].,ᇏ҆न6207 1434024715204968༆҆न 6529386214354435ಆݓन[2] ൗࢸၿྛ.1998 1999୍ൗࢸؿᅚБۡ:ᆩ്აؿᅚ[M]. 78446011016906259ቋۚ ቋ֮9 613 425 32 58 51-16.[3] ٓࡅ្,ۚ฿ޞ.༆ٚࣜ࠶࿐(༯Ҩ)[M].Кࣘ:ᇏݓࣜ࠶ԛϱ5ഠ,1992 ࢲე.639-641.[4] ࠜՋ,֩.Էྍ֥ॢࡗ[M].Кࣘ:Кࣘն࿐ԛϱഠ,2001.๙ݖؓᆩ്Էྍ֥ೆaᆩ്Ӂԛބದ৯ሧЧ325.ࠒٚ૫֥თҵၳٳ༅,ॖၛुԛݓ۲თ[5] ჯᆽې.ᆩ്ࣜ࠶࿐֝ં[M].ഈݚ:ഈݚದԛϱഠ,1999.ᄝᆩ്Էྍି৯ഈҵၳࢠն,ૼཁֹุགྷԛת҆ა-chen,LIJie-ping(SchoolofEnvironmentalScience,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China)Abstract:,whichisdeterminedbytheinvestmentonknowledge,:China;knowledgeinnovation;regionaleconomicdisparities
