2006쓪12퓂뗚20뻭뗚12웚ꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡ뮪ꆡ뚫ꆡ뺭ꆡ볃ꆡ맜ꆡ샭EastChinaEconomicManagemꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡꆡDec.,,ꇱ뒴탂믹폚맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵쿂뗄쏱웳맜샭뒴탂폫맜샭엠통ꆶ탂쪱웚쏱펪웳튵맜샭엠통퇐뺿ꆷ뿎쳢ퟩ(짏몣쫐뺭볃맜샭룉늿톧풺,짏몣ꆡ200237)[햪튪]컄헂듓붨짨맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵뗄훘튪탔죫쫖,잿뗷쇋쏱펪웳튵퓚맘힢ퟔ짭뗄벼쫵뒴탂뗄춬쪱,룼펦떱맘힢웳튵뗄맜샭뒴탂ꆣ맜샭뒴탂쓜솦뗄쳡짽튻뚨돌뛈짏틀삵폚웳튵뗄맜샭엠통릤ퟷꆣ헾뢮퓚럶돖쏱펪웳튵닎폫맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵붨짨뗄춬쪱,펦떱틽떼쏱펪웳튵뗄엠통릤ퟷꆣ[맘볼듊]맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵;쏱펪웳튵;맜샭뒴탂;맜샭엠통[훐춼럖샠뫅]F120ꆡꆡꆡ[컄쿗뇪쪶싫]Aꆡꆡꆡ[컄헂뇠뫅]1007ꆪ5097(2006)12ꆪ0060ꆪ04StudyonManagementInnovationandManagementTraininginthePrivateBusinessBasedonNationalInnovationSystemResearchTeamonManagementTrainingofPrivateEnterprisesinNewEra(ShanghaiEconomicManagementCollege,Shanghai200237,China)Abstract::nationalinnovationsystem;privateenterprise;managementinnovation;managementtrainingꆡꆡ튻ꆢ붨짨맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵뢳폨웳튵샺쪷훘죎룹뻝2004쓪맺쏱뺭볃뫍짧믡랢햹춳볆릫놨엻슶,맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵쫇죚뒴탂훷쳥ꆢ뒴탂뮷뺳뫍뒴탂믺좫쓪뿆톧퇐뺿폫쫔퇩랢햹(R&D)뺭럑횧돶1843틚훆폚튻쳥,퓚맺볒닣듎짏듙뷸좫짧믡뒴탂풴뫏샭엤풪,뇈짏쓪퓶뎤1917%,햼맺쓚짺닺ퟜ횵뗄1135%,훃뫍룟킧샻폃,듙뷸뒴탂믺릹횮볤쿠뮥킭뗷뫍솼탔뮥웤훐믹뒡퇐뺿뺭럑102틚풪ꆣ좫쓪맺볒낲업쇋824쿮뚯,돤럖쳥쿖맺볒뒴탂틢횾뫍햽싔쒿뇪뗄쾵춳(틽ퟔ뿆벼릥맘볆뮮뿎쳢뫍1071쿮ꆰ863ꆱ볆뮮뿎쳢,탂낲맢쏷죕놨ꆡ2003/01/09)ꆣ퓚90쓪듺뾪쪼훁뷱뗄횪쪶업룟벼쫵닺튵뮯쪾랶릤돌쿮쒿333쿮,샛볆죏뚨맺볒뺭볃샋뎱훐,뒴탂틔웤뛔뺭볃랢햹뗄훘듳릱쿗,쫜떽벶웳튵벼쫵훐탄332볒ꆣ좫쓪릲좡뗃쪡늿벶틔짏뿆벼룷룶맺볒뻶닟닣뗄훘쫓,폈웤쫇쾣췻좡뗃ꆰ뫳랢폅쫆ꆱ돉맻311췲쿮ꆣ좫쓪쫜샭맺쓚췢샻짪쟫3514췲볾,뗄랢햹훐맺볒,쯻쏇럗럗닉좡룷쿮듫쪩,릹훾ퟔ짭뗄쫚좨샻19췲볾,럖뇰뇈짏쓪퓶뎤1417%뫍414%ꆣ뒴탂쳥쾵ꆣ컒맺뗄ퟮ룟뻶닟닣튻횱틔살뚼럇뎣맘힢뒴좫쓪릲잩뚩벼쫵뫏춬2615췲쿮,벼쫵뫏춬돉붻뷰뛮탂쳥쾵뗄릤ퟷ,맺볒훷쾯뫺뷵쳎퓚2006쓪헙뾪뗄좫맺1334틚풪,뇈짏쓪퓶뎤23%ꆣ뿆톧벼쫵듳믡짏횸돶,ꆰ붨짨뒴탂탍맺볒,뫋탄뻍쫇냑떫춬쪱,맺볒춳볆뻖튲횸돶,2004쓪퓚볓잿췁뗘퓶잿ퟔ훷뒴탂쓜솦ퟷ캪랢햹뿆톧벼쫵뗄햽싔믹뗣,ퟟ풴맜샭좡뗃돉킧뗄쟩뿶쿂,좫쓪룻뗘쏦믽죔뺻복짙돶훐맺쳘즫ퟔ훷뒴탂뗀슷,췆뚯뿆톧벼쫵뗄뿧풽쪽랢80췲릫쟪ꆣ죋뻹쮮풴햼폐솿2040솢랽쏗,뇈짏쓪쿂햹ꆱꆣ맺컱풺튲퓚2006쓪랢늼쇋맺볒훐뎤웚뿆톧뫍벼붵410%ꆣ돵늽닢쯣,좫쓪쓜풴쿻럑ퟜ솿1917틚뛖뇪쫵랢햹맦뮮룙튪(2006ꆪ2020쓪),캪컒맺훐뎤웚뒴탂ힼ쎺(풼햼쫀뷧쿻럑ퟜ솿뗄15%ퟳ폒),뇈짏쓪퓶뎤쳥쾵붨짨횸쏷쇋랽쿲,튲캪뺭볃퓶뎤퓙놣돖컈뚨퓶뎤1512%ꆣ웤훐:쎺첿쿻럑솿1817틚뛖,퓶뎤1414%;쳡릩쇋뿆벼놣헏ꆣ풭폍쿻럑솿219틚뛖,퓶뎤1618%ꆣ풭폍뷸뿚솿듯떽[쫕룥죕웚]ꆡ2006ꆪ11ꆪ03[믹뷰쿮쒿]ꆡꆶ탂쪱웚쏱펪웳튵맜샭엠통퇐뺿ꆷ뿎쳢뗄쾵쇐싛컄횮튻,룃뿎쳢캪훐릲짏몣쫐캯떳킣2006쓪뗄솢쿮뿎쳢ꆣ[ퟷ헟볲뷩]ꆡ뿎쳢ퟩ뢺퓰죋:쇵헰캰(1947ꆪ),쓐,뷌쫚ꆣ뿎쳢ퟩ돉풱(내탕쫏뇊뮮):돉룕,폠뎤맺,돂췲쮼,헅헽늩,훜붨뮪,뷰쮳펢,튦쪥뻪ꆣ놾컄횴뇊죋:헅헽늩(1975ꆪ),쓐,붲쪦,쮶쪿ꆣꆪ60ꆪ' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
112틚뛖ꆣ쿻럑뗄훷튪풭닄쇏폐:룖닄311틚뛖(풼햼벼쫵뒴탂뗄훷쳥,죎훘뛸뗀풶,탭뛠릤ퟷ퓚뗈ퟅ좥ퟶꆣ쫀뷧닺솿뗄30%),퓶뎤1511%;퇵뮯싁1284췲뛖,떳뗄쪮튻뷬죽훐좫믡틔살,컒맺뗄룄룯뾪럅헾닟퓶뎤917%;쮮쓠916틚뛖(햼쫀뷧닺솿뗄뷼50%),뷢럅쇋놻쫸뢿뗄짺닺솦,쏱펪뺭볃뫍췢뺭볃틬뻼춻퓶뎤1214%ꆣ췲풪GDP쓜뫄1158뛖뇪ힼ쎺,짏짽웰,럇릫뺭볃믖뢴쇋믮솦,떳뗄쪮쇹듳붫릫폐뺭볃뫍513%ꆣ2004쓪좫쓪뷸돶뿚ퟜ뛮듯11548틚쏀풪,뻓쫀럇릫폐뺭볃쳡떽춬뗈뗄ꆰ뫁늻뚯튡ꆱ뗄뗘캻ꆣ뻝춳볆,뷧뗚죽캻,뛸웤훐풴쿻뫄룟뫍뛔뮷뺳웆뮵뷏듳뗄짌좫맺틑폐3200뛠췲뮧룶쳥쮽펪웳튵,뷢뻶쇋8000췲욷돶뿚퓶뎤맽뿬ꆣ죋뗄뻍튵컊쳢,컒맺쏱펪웳튵ퟜ뮧쫽틑듯800췲볒,헢킩쫽뻝뗄랢짺튻랽쏦랴펳컒쏇붨짨맺볒뒴탂쳥럖뇰햼좫맺웳튵ퟜ쫽99%ꆢ릤튵닺횵60%ꆢ릤튵퓶볓쾵헽돵볻돉킧,뒴탂쳥쾵뗄뎤뻃랢햹폐볡쪵뗄뿆퇐믹횵40%ꆢ쪵쿖샻쮰77%ꆢ돶뿚뛮60%ꆢ돇헲뻍튵믺믡뒡;쇭튻랽쏦튲뿉틔뾴돶,맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵뗄릹훾쏦쇙뗄75%,쏱펪웳튵뗄쓪닺횵퓶뎤싊튻횱놣돖퓚30%ퟳ퓵쎴룄뇤컒맺듖럅탍뺭볃퓶뎤랽쪽뗄랢햹쒣쪽,쪹췲폒,풶풶룟폚춬웚맺쏱뺭볃퓶뎤쯙뛈ꆣ쏱펪웳튵퓚맺풪GDP뗄쓜뫄붵떽랢듯맺볒뗄쮮욽ꆣ맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵훐쏱뺭볃훐뗄훘튪뗘캻쫇쿔뛸틗볻뗄,쯼뛔맺쏱뺭볃뫍뗄뒴탂믮뚯탐캪훷쳥냼삨웳튵ꆢ퇐뺿믺릹ꆢ듳톧틔벰짧믡랢햹쳘뇰쫇삩듳돇쿧뻍튵랢믓쇋훘튪ퟷ폃ꆣ룷벶헾뢮뗈,늻춬뗄탐캪훷쳥돐떣ퟅ늻춬뗄뒴탂죎컱ꆣ튪랢믓웳튵뗄뒴탂쓜솦,쏱펪웳튵쫇튻횧훘튪뗄솦솿,떫쯼쓚퓚뒴탂틢풸좴쫜떽쳥훆뫍쫐뎡뺺헹쮫훘톹솦ꆣ뛔폚쏱펪웳튵살쮵,쓚퓚뗄ힷ쟳샻죳뗄뚯솦틔벰쫐뎡뺺헹뗄톹솦,쪹뗃쯻쏇뛔폚뒴탂폐튻훖쳬좻뗄ꆰ뫃룐ꆱ,뛔폚쓜릻듸살뎬뛮샻죳뗄뒴탂,컞싛쫇벼쫵뒴탂뮹쫇맜샭뒴탂뚼쫇럇뎣훘쫓뗄,쯻쏇뗄ퟔ랢뗄웳튵뒴탂뗄탐캪,죧맻뗃떽맄샸뫍횧돖뗄뮰,붫돉캪맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵뗄훘튪늿럖ꆣ컒맺쿖폐뗄맺폐뿆퇐믺릹뫍룟뗈풺킣폫쏱펪웳튵뗄뫡쿲솪쾵뮹쎻폐뫜뫃뗄붨솢웰살,쏱펪웳튵늻쓜폐킧뗄샻폃짧믡릫틦쇬폲뒴탂뗄욽첨,웳튵뗄뒴탂쓜솦튲쫜떽펰쿬,쏱펪웳튵뗄뺺헹솦춼쳡룟늻쇋,컒맺웳튵헻쳥뗄뒴탂쓜솦튲쳡룟늻쇋ꆣ컒1ꆡ맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵ퟩ횯릹돉맺퓚붨짨맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵뗄맽돌훐,펦떱맘힢맽좥놻맺퓚맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵뗄릹훾훐(볻춼1),웳튵쫇럇뎣볒뿆퇐뺭럑,뿆벼죚릤뻟,룷벶헾뢮쏦뛔뒴탂뗄쟣훘튪뗄튻뿩킱탔헾닟뫶쫓뗄쏱펪웳튵,헢쫇룄뇤뺭볃퓶뎤랽쪽뗄,뻓폚뫋탄뗘캻,틲캪웳튵쫇춶죫닺돶뇈싊뷏룟뗄짧믡ퟩ횯탎쪽,쫇뒴퓬짧믡닆뢻뗄뺭볃쾸냻ꆣ쓚퓚탨쟳,쫇붨짨뫍킳짧믡뗄탨튪ꆣ웳튵훷튪뗄릤ퟷ냼삨짺닺횪쪶뫍벼쫵,릩펦벼쫵뛔폚쏱펪웳튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂뫍맜샭뒴탂뛸퇔,헾뢮,룼뛠뗄퓲쫇펦폃횪쪶,늢ퟮ훕춨맽쫐뎡틔탂닺욷ꆢ탂릤퓚듙뷸뒴탂뗄췢늿믺훆랽쏦뮹쫇뿉틔폐쯹ퟷ캪뗄ꆣ헾틕뫍탂럾컱뗈랽쪽쪵쿖벼쫵뒴탂ꆣ샽죧뢮퓚뒴탂믺훆뗄붨짨짏,튪뛔ퟔ짭뗄ꆰ탐뚯쟸볤ꆱ폐,쏀맺뗄짏췲볒웳튵폐ퟔ벺뗄퇐랢쪵퇩쫒,웤훐100볒듳웳튵뗄퇐쟥탑뗘죏쪶,맽뛠뗘뷸죫웳튵쓚늿뒴탂쳥쾵뫜뿉쓜죃뺿릤ퟷ솿햼헻룶닺튵뷧뗄뻸듳늿럖,맍폃헟풼쏱펪웳튵뒦뒦룐떽뎸훢ꆣ늻쓜퓙틔ꆰ풾뷸쪽ꆱ,ꆰ횸쇮300췲뿆벼죋풱,햼좫맺뻍튵뿆벼죋풱뗄60%ꆫ70%ꆣ쎿쓪쪽ꆱ살췆뚯맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵붨짨,튪뛠헷톯웳튵,폈웤춶죫뗄뿆퇐뷰듯쫇쏱펪웳튵뗄틢볻뫍탨쟳ꆣ쏱펪웳튵퓚좨뫢샻뇗뗄쟩1000뛠틚쏀풪,햼좫맺뿆퇐뾪횧뗄뿶쿂,짵훁믡틲캪쫜떽헾뢮맽뛈맘힢뛸뻜뻸헾뢮쳡릩70%ퟳ폒ꆣ룟뗈뷌폽믺릹뫍뿆퇐믺릹뗄릤ퟷ냼삨짺닺횪쪶뫍벼쫵,쿲짧믡쳡릩탂뗄뿆톧횪쪶뗄뒴탂랽쏦뗄ꆰ훆뛈릩룸ꆱ,틲캪쏱펪웳튵짭짏뗄쫐뎡,ퟷ캪웳튵컈뚨돖뻃뗄벼쫵풴ꆣ헾뢮뗄릤ퟷ훘뗣퓚폚횧돖횪쪶짺닺뺭볃뗄쳘탔룼캪쏷쿔,쯻쏇뗄뻶닟뚼쫇샭탔뗘듓ퟔ짭폈웤쫇햽싔탔퇐랢,틔헾닟뫍볆뮮틽떼웳튵뗄벼쫵뒴샻틦ퟮ듳뮯뷇뛈살뾼싇뗄ꆣ죧맻헾뢮뷶뷶맘힢맺폐웳탂뫍닺튵뗄랢햹,붨짨뿆벼믹뒡짨쪩뫍훆뛈,냼삨횪튵뛔폚횧돖탔헾닟뗄랴삡,뿉쓜믡닺짺헾닟듳쫜뮶펭뗄ꆰ랱죙볙쿳ꆱ,틲캪맺폐웳튵ퟔ짭쳘뗣뻶뚨쇋쯻쏇뛔쪶닺좨훆뛈ꆢ램싉램맦뫍뇪ힼ뗈ꆣ헾뢮뫜짙횧돖짺닺폚헾뢮헾닟쾰맟탔뗄ꆰ럾듓ꆱꆣ릤틕뗄퇐뺿,뛸ퟅ솦횧돖믹뒡퇐뺿,폈웤쫇쓇훖뛌웚헾뢮늻쓜죋캪뗄업돢쏱펪웳튵쿭쫜헾뢮퓚엠폽맺쓚돉맻늻좷뚨뗄믹뒡퇐뺿ꆣ돽쇋맺럀ꆢ맺췁낲좫뫍얩볒뒴탂쳥쾵훐펦떱룸폫쯹폐럻뫏쳵볾뗄웳튵펦폐뗄듽튵췢,닺욷뾪랢늢늻쫇헾뢮뗄훷튪횰퓰ꆣ듋췢,짧믡폶ꆣ헾뢮퓚쳡릩뒴탂탔훆뛈쪱,튪틔웳튵ퟔ짭쓜릻폐훐뷩럾컱믺릹죧짺닺솦듙뷸훐탄,벼쫵톯믺릹ꆢ릤킧컼쫕췢늿뒴탂탔훆뛈낲업,늢뢶훮폚웳튵쓚늿뒴탂돌벼쫵퇐뺿훐탄뗈,퓚맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵떱훐튲랢믓ퟅ훘뗄쓜솦ퟷ캪움볛웳튵쫇럱폐룱뷓쫜훺뗄쫗튪쳵볾,튪ퟷ폃ꆣꆶ맺볒훐뎤웚뿆톧뫍벼쫵랢햹맦뮮룙튪ꆷ횸뛸늻쫇웤쯻틲쯘ꆣ늻쓜틲캪폐킩쏱펪웳튵맦쒣킡,죋돶,컒맺웳튵짐캴헦헽돉캪벼쫵뒴탂뗄훷쳥,뛸쟒ퟔ풱짙,벼쫵몬솿뗍,욫쿲샍뚯쏜벯탍웳튵뻍떱좻뗘죏훷뒴탂쓜솦늻잿ꆣ룙튪뮹횸돶,컒맺룷랽쏦뿆벼솦솿캪,헢킩웳튵쎻폐뒴탂뗄쓚퓚탨쟳ꆣ횻튪쫇웳튵뻍듦ퟔ돉쳥쾵ꆢ럖즢훘뢴,헻쳥퓋탐킧싊늻룟,짧믡릫틦퓚랢햹뗄풸췻,튪랢햹뻍뇘좻믡톡퓱벼쫵뒴탂,캪쇋쇬폲뿆벼뒴탂쓜솦폈웤놡죵ꆣ튪쪹컒맺웳튵헦헽돉캪벼쫵뒴탂뗄돉릦,웳튵쫗쿈믡쿫떽ퟶ뫃맜샭뒴탂뗄릤ꆪ61ꆪ' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ퟷꆣ퓚ힷ쟳웳튵킧틦ퟮ폅뮯뗄슷짏,튻쟐웳튵뚼쫇쿠쪵볹훐뗃떽뗄룷쿮샭싛돉맻,쳡짽웳튵맜샭쮮욽뗄뇤춬뗄ꆣ훐킡탍쏱펪웳튵쏦쇙뗄쫐뎡럧쿕췹췹룼듳,쯻룯맽돌ꆣ맜샭뒴탂냼몬뗄랶캧럇뎣맣랺,뿉틔쫇퓋폃쏇뛔폚뒴탂쓜릻듸살뗄뫃뒦뾴뗃뇈듳탍웳튵룼볓쏷쿔탂뗄맜샭릤뻟,뿉틔쫇룄뇤웳튵뗄맜샭쇷돌,뿉틔쫇춸뎹ꆣ뇤ퟩ횯좫쳥죋풱뗄쮼쿫맛쓮ꆣ맜샭뒴탂쫇벼쫵뒴탂쏱펪웳튵뒴탂쓜솦붨짨쫜떽쇋듓훐퇫떽뗘랽룷벶뗄믹쪯,벼쫵뒴탂뗄돉맻늢늻쫇탂닺욷,뛸쫇탂닺욷헾뢮뗄맘힢,헢웤훐톧쫵뷧틔벰쏱펪웳튵ퟔ짭튪쟳훘쯹듺뇭뗄웳튵뗄돖탸뗄뺺헹솦,쫇탂닺욷듺뇭뗄탂뗄쫓쏱펪웳튵뒴탂뗄뫴짹릦늻뿉쎻,훐퇫돶첨뗄뿆벼랢닺욷뾪랢뗄ퟩ횯뷡릹,쫇탂뗄듙뷸뿆벼뒴탂죋풱뒴탂햹룙튪뫍뗘랽헾뢮뗄룷쿮룺뷸뻙듫컞틉쫇쏱펪웳튵뒴쓜솦뗄벤샸믺훆,쫇탂뗄늶ힽ쫐뎡탨쟳뗄랴삡쓜솦,탂뗄췆뷸볁ꆣ쫇탂뗄쫐뎡떼쿲뗄벼쫵뒴탂뗄뷡맻ꆣ뿉틔쮵,헽쫇틲뛾ꆢ쏱펪웳튵튪틔맜샭뒴탂캪뗚튻튪컱캪맜샭뒴탂퓚맜샭쫖뛎,맜샭쇷돌,맜샭죋풱랽쏦뗄튻횱틔살,헾뢮뫍짧믡뗄맘힢뗣듳뛠벯훐퓚죧뫎룄뷸,벼쫵뒴탂닅폐쇋돉릦뗄뿉쓜ꆣ벼쫵뒴탂뗄돉맻쳡짽쏱펪웳튵뗄뿆벼뒴탂뗄쓜솦짏,벯훐퓚죧뫎캪쏱죧맻쎻폐뗃떽맜샭뒴탂뗄횧돖,뫜쓑쳡룟웳튵뗄킧틦,펪웳튵쳡릩폐샻뗄헾닟뮷뺳,죧쫐뎡ힼ죫ꆢ랴늻헽떱틲캪듓벼쫵뗄룄뷸떽싺ퟣ맋뿍탨쟳틔믱뗃웳튵킧틦횮뺺헹ꆢ웰닝뫍훆뚨폐샻폚쏱펪웳튵랢햹뗄쿠맘램싉ꆢ볤,탨튪웳튵퓚볆뮮ꆢퟩ횯ꆢ쇬떼ꆢ뿘훆뗈뮷뷚뗄ퟛ헾닟,듳볒틩싛뷏뛠뗄뮰쳢쫇죧뫎랢햹횧돖훐킡웳튵뫏쪵솦뗄췪짆,쓇훖죏캪횻튪벼쫵짏뒴탂쇋,웳튵뗄뗄뿆벼춶죚쳥쾵뫍뒴튵럧쿕춶믺훆ꆣ퓚놾컄뾴살,뺺헹솦ퟔ좻믡쳡짽뗄쿫램쫇늻쟐쪵볊뗄ꆣꆰ캨벼쫵싛ꆱ뿆벼뒴탂뗄헾닟럶돖솦뛈만좻튪볓잿,틲캪폐킩쏱펪틑뺭놻쿖쪵횤쏷쫇듭컳뗄,폐탭뛠웳튵뗄벼쫵퇐랢쓜웳튵튪내헕맽좥뗄듖럅탍뺭펪ꆢ뗍돉놾뺺헹뗄샏슷ퟓ솦뫜잿,떫늢쎻폐믱뗃쫐뎡쿈믺,풭틲뻍퓚폚맜샭랽틑뺭뫜쓑ퟟ뗃춨ꆣ맺쓚쫐뎡뗄놥뫍,맺볊쫐뎡짏쎳틗쏦뗄쮮욽쎻폐룺짏,헻룶웳튵뗄뺺헹솦놻맜샭헢뿩ퟮ뇚생뗄훘훘ퟨ룴,틑뺭죃탭뛠쏱펪웳튵쏦쇙퇏뻾뗄탎뛌뗄ꆰ쒾춰냥ꆱ뻶뚨쇋ꆣ벼쫵뒴탂쓜솦잿뗄웳튵,춬쫆,쯻쏇럗럗톰헒뷢뻶컊쳢뗄춾뺶,뛸듓벼쫵뒴탂죫쪱튲펦폐뫜잿뗄맜샭뒴탂뗄쓜솦,틲캪쿈뷸뗄벼쫵뫍쫖,뿉틔쳡룟닺욷뗄뢽볓횵,듲웆쎳틗뇚생뗄쿞훆,싺ퟣ뿍뮧탨쟳뷸뛸쪵쿖웳튵킧틦횮볤,탨튪맜샭헢룶췑샫뗍쮮욽뺺헹ꆣ퓚맺볒붨짨뒴탂쳥쾵뫍톭뮷뺭볃뗄훘튪뗄ꆰ쟅솺ꆱ,쿈뷸뗄벼쫵늻쓜놣횤웳튵뺺헹솦뗄탎듳놳뺰쿂,쏱펪웳튵뗄헢훖ퟟ벼쫵뒴탂쟳랢햹뗄쮼슷,돉,횻폐늻뛏뒴탂뗄맜샭믺훆뗄쿠훺,닅쓜헦헽탎돉뿏뚨믡뗃떽헾뢮뗄룷훖횧돖,벼쫵뒴탂뗄췢늿뮷뺳뿉뺺헹솦ꆣ틲캪쎻폐쪲쎴벼쫵쫇쓜릻튻샍폀틝뗄,벼쫵틔쮵틑뺭뇈맽좥듳폐룄뷸쇋ꆣ뒴탂폀풶뚼쫇뚯첬뗄,뚼튪볆뮮ꆢퟩ횯ꆢ쇬떼ꆢ뿘훆좻뛸,뒴탂튻듊뛔폚쏱펪웳튵뛸퇔늢늻쫇뷶뷶헫뗈룷룶맜샭뮷뷚뚯첬뒴탂뗄엤뫏ꆣ폐킩웳튵뗄벼쫵뒴뛔벼쫵뒴탂뗄,쏱펪웳튵뛔폚뒴탂뗄쇭튻쏦ꆪꆪꆪ맜샭탂살ퟔ폚췢늿뗄릺싲,떫쫇벼쫵쓜릻싲뗃떽,뛸쪹폃뒴탂튲튪훘쫓웰살,뛸쟒펦룃ퟷ캪뗚튻튪컱웰살ꆣ쿈뷸벼쫵뗄죋풱,냑쿈뷸벼쫵뮯캪쳡릩룸뿍뮧뗄볛벼쫵뒴탂뾴훘뗄쫇닺욷퓚벼쫵랽쏦뗄룄뷸뫍룯탂,횵뗄튵컱쇷돌,에뛏벼쫵뗄쪵폃탔뫍쿈뷸탔뗄햽싔퇛ퟅ퇛폚쳡룟닺욷뗄룟쪹폃볛횵,벼쫵뒴탂룸닺욷듸살맢좴쫇늻쓜싲떽뗄,웳튵뇘탫펵폐뫏쫊뗄맜샭믺훆,뗄쫇싺ퟣ룼뛠죋좺룼룟뗄컯훊탨쟳,쫇쳡룟ퟔ짭뺺헹짡듋뇰컞톡퓱ꆣ돉릦뗄벼쫵뒴탂쫇뫢솿튻룶웳튵맜샭쓜솦ꆢ믱뗃뎬뛮샻죳뗄훘튪랽쪽횮튻ꆣ떫벼쫵뒴탂탨뒴탂쮮욽뗄뇪ힼ,헽쫇폐쇋룷룶맜샭뮷뷚뗄뒴탂뫍룄튪웳튵펵폐쿠떱뗄벼쫵퇐랢쓜솦뫍룟쯘훊뗄벼쫵뾪랢뷸,닅쓜쪹뗃벼쫵뒴탂ퟮ훕퓚웳튵킧틦움볛횸뇪짏랴죋풱,듳솿뷰,믲헟훁짙튪폐잿듳뗄벼쫵뮯쮮욽ꆣ펳돶살ꆣ듓닺튵ퟩ횯샭싛뗄웳튵맦쒣뷇뛈돶랢,횻폐듳웳튵,퓚솪쿫릫쮾뗄랢햹맽돌훐,퓸뺭폐맽ꆰ쎳릤벼ꆱ믲헟쮵듯떽쇋뺺헹탔쫐뎡쯹튪쟳뗄맦쒣뺭볃믹뒡짏뗄뫍ꆰ벼릤쎳ꆱ횮헹,솪쿫뗄쇬떼죋죏캪,뛔떱쪱죔퓚웳튵,닅쓜릻뻟폐뷏폐솦뫍돖탸뗄벼쫵뒴탂쓜솦ꆣ듳첽쯷룟뿆벼닺튵뮯뗀슷뗄솪쿫살쮵,ퟮ훂쏼뗄늻쫇퇐웳튵폫훐킡웳튵쿠뇈:횻폐듳웳튵뻟폐벼쫵뒴탂(쳘랢쓜솦,뛸쫇뛔쫐뎡뗄냑컕뫍웳튵맜샭믹놾릦ꆣ맜샭뇰쫇뷏룟닣듎뗄ퟔ훷뒴탂)쯹튪쟳뗄죚쓜솦,뛸튻쫇벼쫵뒴탂뫍쪵쿖룟벼쫵닺튵뮯뗄믹뒡ꆣ맜샭캪벼쫵냣뗄훐킡웳튵늻뷶돐떣룟럧쿕뗄벼쫵뒴탂쿮쒿죚삧뒴탂워욽쇋뗀슷,듲춨쇋벼쫵뇤돉잮ꆢ잮뇤돉벼쫵,쓑,뛸쟒췹췹캬돖튻냣퓙짺닺쯹탨튪뗄죚컊쳢튲뎣벼쫵퓙뇤돉잮뗄룷룶뮷뷚ꆣ퓚뗬뚨쇋볡쪵뗄맜샭믹뒡랢짺ꆣ틲캪듳웳튵쿺솿듳,퓚쫐뎡짏햼폐뷏룟뗄쫐뎡횮뫳,솪쿫펭살쇋듳솦췆뷸벼쫵뒴탂뗄탂쪱웚,훰늽럝뛮,쯤좻웤춶죫뗄퇐랢럑폃뻸뛔뛮듳,떫튻냣뻹첯뾪햹릦쓜벼쫵뒴탂뫍뫋탄벼쫵뒴탂,돉캪벼쫵쟽뚯탍떽떥캻닺욷쿺쫛훐뗄퇐랢럑폃뇈샽뗍,뿉틔냑룟럧쿕웳튵ꆣ듓솪쿫뗄뺭샺컒쏇뿉틔뾴돶,벼쫵늻쫇췲쓜뗄,벼쫵뒴탂뗄돉놾럖즢뗴ꆣ춬쪱,듳웳튵틲캪뻟폐죚춹쿔쇋맜샭뒴탂뗄훘튪탔ꆣ죧맻컒쏇횻쫇뫴폵춨맽헾쓜솦뫍럖즢럧쿕뗄폅쫆,쪹웤췪좫쓜릻폐쓜솦ꆰ짺닺닟쟣킱,닆솦횧돖살듙뷸쏱펪웳튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂,뛸뫶튻듺ꆢ쫔훆튻듺ꆢ릹쮼튻듺ꆱ,듲웆훐킡웳튵벼쫵뒴탂쫓웤쓚늿뗄맜샭컊쳢뫍맜샭뒴탂,쓇붫늻쓜쪵쿖컒쏇쫜닺욷짺쏼훜웚풼쫸뗄뻖쿞ꆣ뛔폚듳솿훐킡웳튵뗄쏱뛔쏱펪웳튵뗄럶돖춶죫쯹쾣췻뾴볻뗄쿠펦뗄쇮죋싺틢펪웳튵뛸퇔,맜샭뒴탂룼짙뻖쿞,쯼뒴탂뗄쇬폲룼뿭뗄믘놨ꆣ벼쫵뒴탂쓜럱쪵쿖,벼쫵뒴탂뗄돉맻퓚뛠듳랺ꆢ룼쏦뛔쏱펪웳튵쿖쪵튪뷢뻶뗄컊쳢ꆣ돌뛈짏뿉틔캪쏱펪웳튵쳡짽뺺헹솦쳡릩잿듳횧독,퓚맜샭뒴탂쫇뛔폚맜샭뗄볆뮮ꆢퟩ횯ꆢ쇬떼ꆢ뿘훆폚놣횤벼쫵뒴탂뫍뮯뗄맜샭믺훆뗄뒴탂,벼쫵튪뗈룷룶뮷뷚,듓웳튵쪵볊돶랢,틲뗘훆틋뗘컼쫕맜샭뮯,쯼늻쓜뷶뷶쫇캪웳튵쳡릩쇋뿉릩탻뒫뛸늻쓜랢믓ꆪ62ꆪ' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
ퟷ폃뗄샻횤쫩뛸틑ꆣ횪쪶뺭볃쪱듺훐횪쪶뗄룼탂쯙뛈뫜뿬,웳튵뒴탂믮뚯죽ꆢ맜샭엠통쫇쪵쿖쏱펪웳튵맜샭뒴탂뗄훘튪룼탨튪쪱뿌ힷퟙ횪쪶뗄룼탂,뛔폚닎폫뒴탂뗄죋풱뛸춾뺶퇔늹돤탂뗄횪쪶돉캪쇋릤ퟷ훐뗄뇘탨,뷓쫜엠통쫇쯻뒴탂뗄훷쳥쫇죋,죋뗄뒴탂쓜솦좡뻶폚ퟔ짭퓌몬쏇뛔ퟩ횯뗄탨쟳,뒴탂죋풱횮볤뛔폚횪쪶뗄럖쿭뫍뒫뗄죋솦놾뗄쮮욽,죋솦놾뛔뺭볃퓶뎤폐뻞듳뗄췆능뗄탨쟳튲듙뷸쇋톧쾰탔ퟩ횯뗄붨솢,엠통퓲돉캪쇋뚯솦,캪뿉돖탸랢햹쳡릩폐샻뗄췢늿뮷뺳,냼삨룟쮮횪쪶럖쿭뫍뒫능뗄춾뺶ꆣ풱릤벤샸컊쳢,폈웤쫇뒴퓬욽뗄샍뚯죋풱뫍짺닺싊ꆣ탍죋닅뗄벤샸릤ퟷ쿲살쫇맜샭릤ퟷ뗄쓑뗣ꆣ뛔폚쏱펪좫맺릤짌솪퓸뺭뛔맡뎹ꆰ맺컱풺36쳵ꆱퟷ쇋컊뻭웳튵뛸퇔,돽쇋튪폅뮯벤샸듫쪩ꆢ쳡룟벤샸듫쪩뗄폐뗷닩,웤훐쒳쿮컊쳢죧뇭1:킧탔횮췢,룄짆ퟩ횯쓚늿뗄뫡쿲릵춨뫍ퟝ쿲릵춨뗄킧ꆡꆡ뇭1컊뻭뗷닩뇭싊ꆢ듙뷸맄샸뒴탂뗄솼뫃ퟩ횯럕캧뗄탎돉폈캪훘튪,컊쳢웳튵랢햹쏦쇙뗄ퟔ짭틲쯘컊쳢폐쓄킩춨맽뒫능틔뒴탂캪떼쿲뗄웳튵컄뮯뫍햽싔쮼캬쫇쏱펪?웳튵뷸탐풱릤벤샸뷏뫃뗄톡퓱ꆣ돽쇋쳡릩룸풱릤싺ퟣ톡쿮죋솦웳튵벼쫵훎샭샍뚯쿖폐릤ퟷ룚캻쯹탨횪쪶횮췢,뷡뫏풱릤뗄룶죋횰튵짺풴맜샭뒴탂뷡릹맘쾵웤쯻퇄맦뮮뫍웳튵뎤풶뒴탂탨쟳,솿짭뚨ퟶ뗄엠통쓚죝룼뇈샽볓쓜웰떽벤샸뗄킧맻ꆣ맜샭뒴탂짔폐늻짷,튲죝틗퓬돉웳튵뗄삧뺳,틽웰쓚늿ퟩ횯뷡릹뗄뚯떴ꆣ쓇맜샭뒴(%49174416431123151618416)탂뗄럧쿕죧뫎맦뇜쓘?맜샭뒴탂뗄돉릦좡뻶폚웳튵볒뗄뺭퇩뫍쮮욽,퓚폚맜샭헟췅뛓뫍ퟷ튵죋풱뛔폚맜샭듳뛠쫽쏱펪웳튵뚼럇뎣훘쫓죋솦풴,떫쿖쪵쳵뒴탂쒿뇪뗄샭뷢뫍맡뎹,좡뻶폚헻룶웳튵짏쿂쯹폐죋볾쿂듳뛠쫽쏱펪웳튵좴쏦쇙ퟅ퇏훘뗄죋닅캣믺뫍탅죎풱뗄뺫돏췅뷡ꆢ릲춬얬솦,쓇뻍튪쟳듓웳튵볒떽맜샭캣믺,웤훷튪풭틲뻍퓚폚늻짙쏱펪웳튵뺭펪헟놧폐실췅뛓떽ퟷ튵죋풱뚼튪뷓쫜헽맦뛸폐킧뗄맜샭엠통,듓뫳뗄ꆰ놾맍펶샍뚯솦ꆱ맛쓮,죏캪풱릤뫍웳튵뗄맘ퟔ짭쪵볹떱훐룐컲맜샭튪틥,쳡룟ퟔ짭죏쪶컊쳢ꆢ뷢쾵횻쫇샍뚯솦뗄맍펶맘쾵,쪹폅탣죋닅쓑틔헦헽죚죫뻶컊쳢뗄쓜솦,닅쓜맦뇜듋샠럧쿕ꆣ쏱펪웳튵,쯻쏇춨뎣돖듲릤탄첬,횻맘탄퇛잰샻틦,뛔폚웳튵뗄벼쫵뒴탂,컒맺뿆벼랢햹룙튪틑뺭폐뛔웳튵좱랦죏춬룐뫍뎤웚퓺룹뗄맛쓮ꆣ퓚컼틽죋닅랽쇋뫜췪놸뗄듫쪩,맘볼컊쳢퓚폚퓵퇹실쪵ꆣ웳튵탨튪쏦쎻폐폅쫆뗄쏱펪웳튵,뷸탐쓚늿풱릤엠통틔쳡룟풱맜샭랽쏦뗄뒴탂좥펦뢶룟쯙돉뎤ꆢ벼쫵늻좷뚨뷏듳ꆢ릤뗄쯘훊,뷸뛸쳡룟웳튵뗄헻쳥쯘훊,쫇떱잰쏱펪웳잱퓚뿍뮧늻쏷컺뗄쫐뎡,헢뻍웈쟐탨튪룼탂뻉뗄맛쓮ꆢ튵쫗튪뷢뻶뗄컊쳢,헢튲듓룹놾짏맘쾵떽쏱펪웳튵뒴헆컕탂뗄맜샭릤뻟,쳡짽웳튵맜샭뒴탂뗄쓜솦ꆣ엠통탂쳥쾵뗄릹훾벰붨짨맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵뗄잰뺰ꆣ폐뫜뛠웳캪웳튵뗄맜샭뒴탂쳡릩뇘튪뗄횪쪶뒢놸,캪맜샭뒴탂튵늢늻좱짙죋닅폫뷰,죔좻쎻폐뒴탂쓜솦,풭틲뫎쳡릩햸탂뗄쮼캬랽쪽ꆣ쳡짽쇋맜샭쯘훊뗄죋풱뛔폚벼퓚?헢뻍쫇웳튵뒴탂뗄쓚퓚믺훆컊쳢,죧뫎쇴힡뒴탂쫵뒴탂뗄뷓쫜쓜솦룼뿬,뛔폚벼쫵뒴탂뗄훷맛틢풸룼탍죋닅,캪쯻쏇돤럖랢믓뒴퓬탔쳡릩맣삫뗄뿕볤,죧캪잿쇒,횴탐벼쫵뒴탂뻶닟뗄쓜솦튲믡쳡룟ꆣ뫎샻폃폐쿞뗄뷰뒴퓬ퟮ듳뗄샻죳,죧뫎쪹웳튵뒴탂퓚틔엠통듙뷸웳튵뒴탂쓜솦붨짨랽쏦,헾뢮춬퇹쓜솦돖탸랢햹,헢뚼탨튪웳튵쓚늿붨솢튻쳗췪헻뗄쳥뿉틔폐쯹ퟷ캪ꆣ헾뢮펦떱퓋폃짧믡맜샭쫖뛎,맦랶엠훆,닅쓜놣횤뒴탂믮뚯뗄쮳샻뾪햹,놣횤뒴탂쓜솦뗄통쫐뎡,틽떼웳튵폐헫뛔탔뗘엠통,퓚좫짧믡탎돉맄늻뛏랢햹ꆣ샸웳튵뒴탂,맄샸엠통뗄럕캧ꆣ헾뢮뿉틔듓릫틦뗄뷇뒴탂쫇평뒴탂죋닅훷떼뗄믮뚯,쏱펪웳튵튪맘힢뛈,쿲튻쟐탨튪쳡짽ퟔ벺맜샭뒴탂쮮욽뗄웳튵횱뷓쳡뒴탂탍죋닅뗄엠퇸,쏱펪웳튵볒쫇웳튵쓚늿ퟮ훘튪뗄릩맜샭랽쏦뗄엠통,틔횰튵뷌폽뗄탎쪽쿲웳튵쓚늿죋뒴탂탍죋닅,웳튵뗄뒴탂쳘뇰튪힢훘쳡룟쏱펪웳튵볒풱쳡릩맜샭뒴탂뗄쓜솦,쏖늹룟뗈뷌폽뗄늻ퟣ,헽죧ퟔ짭뺭펪맜샭쯘훊ꆣ웳튵볒뗄뒴탂쓜솦좡뻶폚쯻쏇뗄룷벶룉늿톧풺퓚룄룯뾪럅횱훁쿖퓚쿲맺폐웳튵쯹쳡릩햽싔퇛맢,뛔폚좫쟲랶캧쓚탐튵뇤뮯쟷쫆뗄냑컕,웳뗄엠통쓇퇹ꆣ헾뢮퓚쳡릩릫틦탔엠통뿎돌랽쏦,튲뿉튵볒뗄톧쾰쓜솦틔벰뛔맜샭횪쪶뗄톡퓱뫍퓋폃쓜솦,틔ꆰ믵뇈죽볒ꆱ,릫뾪닉릺폐맘뿎돌,놣횤쳡릩룸폐뒴뛸웳튵볒뗄헢킩쓜솦춨맽뷓쫜뿆톧쾵춳뗄맜샭엠통쫇탂탨쟳뗄웳튵헽맦뗄뿎돌ꆣ뿉틔쳡짽뗄ꆣ쏱펪웳튵볒뗄뒴탂쓜솦춬퇹좡뻶폚쯻쏇[닎뾼컄쿗]쓜럱죃뒴탂탍죋닅ퟮ듳쿞뛈뗄랢믓쯻쏇뗄뒴탂쓜솦,\[1\]룟ꆡ솺.맺볒뒴탂쳥쾵훐뗄헾뢮퓰죎\[J\].훐맺룄뛔폚벤샸뒴탂탍죋닅쫖뛎뗄퓋폃쓜솦튲뿉틔춨맽닎폫룯,2006,(9).맜샭엠통살쳡룟ꆣ\[2\]샮ꆡ죊.쳡룟쏱펪웳튵ퟔ훷뒴탂쓜솦뗄쮼뾼\[J\].뒴탂탍죋닅뮹냼삨벼쫵뒴탂뫍맜샭뒴탂죋닅좺훚,2006,(8).,헢킩죋닅뗄뒴탂쓜솦뻶뚨쇋웳튵뒴탂쮮욽뗄룟뗍,헢킩\[3\]킻늮퇴.쏱펪웳튵붫돉캪붨짨뒴탂탍맺볒뗄훘튪솦죋닅쓜럱랢믓뒴탂쓜솦뻶뚨쇋웳튵뒴탂뗄돉냜ꆣ죧뫎솿\[J\].훐맺쿧헲웳튵,2006,(7).랢쿖뒴탂뗣ꆢ퓵퇹뾪햹뒴탂믮뚯ꆢ죧뫎죃뒴탂뗄ꆰ탔\[4\]샮횾뫪.쏱펪웳튵뒴탂퇐뺿ꆪꆪꆪ믹폚낸샽뗄퇐뺿볛뇈ꆱퟮ룟\[J\].쪱듺뺭쎳,2006,(3).,헢킩뚼쫇뒴탂탍죋닅럇뎣맘힢뗄쓜솦ꆣ[퓰죎뇠벭:튦쪥뻪]ꆪ63ꆪ' 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
