ֻ25जֻ3௹, 2012୍7ᄅ ୡѯն࿐࿐Бč۽ϱĎ ൮ࢽᇏݓۚႪྮ॓௹़ࢂ , July 2012 JOURNAL OF NINGBO UNIVERSITY ( NSEE ) ᆄࡾസႪྮ॓௹़၂֩ࢂ ࠎႿҜ໊ླྀቔြ֥ࠢልད҄ልཱྀٚم 12*ޅဉ, ޱဉݚ č1.ୡѯն࿐ ࠏྀ۽ӱა৯࿐࿐ჽ, ᆄࡾ ୡѯ 315211; 2.ୡѯն࿐ ݚᄎ࿐ჽ, ᆄࡾ ୡѯ 315211Ď ᅋေ: ᄝࠢልད҄ልཱྀٚم֥࣮ࠎԤഈิԛਔҜ໊ླྀቔြ, ࡹ৫ਔࠎႿρూაࠢवࡆಃቔြൈࡗቋ؋֥؟ଢѓႪ߄ଆ. ࢳ၂۱Н໊ᇏ҂Ҝ໊֥ቋႪልཱྀඨ, ࠣႪ߄ު֥ࠢवაρూቔြൈࡗ. ๙ݖඔᆴଆაԮልཱྀҦ֥ඔऌؓб, ဒᆣਔࠎႿҜ໊ླྀҦ֥ࠢልད҄ልཱྀٚم֥ॖྛྟაႵིྟ, ູڿࣉݓଽն؟ඔۖ१Ԯልཱྀٚمิ܂ਔҕॉ. ܱՍ: ࠢልད; Ҝ໊ླྀ; ҄ልཱྀ ᇏٳোݼ: U691 ໓ངѓ്: A ໓ᅣщݼ: 1001-5132č2012Ď03-0105-04གྷࣂ, ݓଽۖ१ಯҐႨԮoቔြਫ਼pଆൔ, ၂ཱྀూቔြਙაԛ१ࠢልདࠒᄛ࠹߃ࢆ֮ልཱྀూ[10]קඔਈ֥ࠢवაֆቖρూϾק, Ⴎט؇ದჴ۴ऌაזቔြൈࡗ. Zhang֩ದބGoodchild֩[11]ࣜဒνஆູ၂่ቔြਫ਼ڛༀ. ᆃ၂่ቔြཌࣼοದิԛਔ҄ልཱྀҦ, ѩऎุ༥߄ਔልཱྀ֥࠻קଢѓ۽ቔ, ط҂ಀॉ੮ఃቔြཌ֥ቔြ౦ٚم, ھҦᆺᆌؓρూ֥ቔြט؇, ીႵऎุঃ. ؓႿࠢልདልᄛაཱྀᄛط, ρూაࠢवनҐടࠣ֞ඔਈஔն֥ඣᄎൻࠏྀiiࠢव. Ⴈٳ؍ቔြ, ഡСቔြ࠹ൈࡗӉa۽ቔིੱ1 Ҝ໊ླྀቔြ໙ี૭ඍ [1-2]֮aحຓٮႨۚ. ູյԮቔြਫ਼ଆൔ, ᇁ৯Ⴟิۚᄎ҄ልཱྀݖӱᇏᆌؓֆ۱Н໊ҐႨҜ໊ླྀႏིੱ, ݓଽຓ࿐ᆀቔਔཌྷܱٚ૫֥࣮. ᆟ֩ቔြ, ֤ρూაࠢवᄝؓࠢልདࣉྛልཱྀൈࡨ[3]ದิԛਔࠢवႪ߄ቆކט؇ଆൔ, յοᅶഒਔֆӱልཱྀ֥Ցඔ, ՖطࡨഒਔھН໊ᇏࠢል[4-5]ቔြਫ਼࣡νஆࠢव֥ଆൔ. ഉࣖ֩ದᄝࠢልད֥ಆ҆ቔြൈࡗ(1). དԮ֥ࠢवט؇ଆൔ֥ࠎԤഈ, ิԛᄝඔሳ߄ඌߌ༯֥ࠢልདࠢवൌൈט؇ܿᄵ, ѩбࢠᆃਆᇕט؇ଆൔؓളӁି৯֥႕ཙ, [6]ဒᆣਔࠢवൌൈט؇ଆൔ֥Ⴊᄀྟ. ݢཱু֩ದູࡨഒഡСטᆜൈࡗ, ิԛਔρూቔြ֥ࠁކልཱྀଆൔࠣ৵࿃НቔြҦ, ູൌ࠽ρזቔြט؇[7]ิ܂ਔᆷ֝ٚσ. ࠹ૼफ֩ิԛਔᄝ҄ልཱྀࠢልདቔြ֥౦ঃ༯, ࠢልདࠢवაρూླྀט[8] ט؇ٚم. ӑ֩ದၛഈݚ௵תݓ࠽ࠢልད1 ࠢልདልཱྀቔြଆൔбࢠ Ⴕཋ܄ඳൌ࠽౦ঃູࠎԤ, ࣮ਔGPSק໊༢༯ࠢवᇆି߄ൌൈט؇ٚم, טᆜቔြଆൔ. ᄻ౩۴ऌࠢልདᄝԯѷᇏ֥٢ᇂ, ႄೆਆ۱קၬ: [9]Ӯ֩ದࡹ৫Н҄ልཱྀט؇ଆ, ๙ݖႪ߄ልН໊(Bay): ԯѷᇏ၂ྛଽؐ٢֥෮Ⴕࠢልད໊֥ ൬۠ರ௹ 2012−02−25. ୡѯն࿐࿐Бč۽ϱĎຩᆶ: ࠎࣁཛଢ ࢝ტ҆ܿ߃ࠎࣁཛଢč10YJA790277Ď; ᆄࡾസ॓๏ᇗׄೈ॓࿐ཛଢč2010C35022Ď. ֻ၂ቔᆀ ޅဉč1988ĒĎ, ୯, ᆄࡾᗭᇜದ, ᄝණൖ࣮ള, ᇶေ࣮ٚཟ: ఒြྐ༏߄aࠢልདᄎൻaᇆ߰ੀ. E-mail: @*๙ቔᆀ ޱဉݚč1966ĒĎ, ଳ, ᆄࡾᇚದ, Ѱൖ/࢝൱, ᇶေ࣮ٚཟ: ఒြྐ༏߄aࠢልདᄎൻaᇆ߰ੀ. E-mail: huyanhai@
106 ୡѯն࿐࿐Бč۽ϱĎ 2012 ᇂࠢކӫູ1۱Н໊. Ҝ໊(Hatch): 1ॶҝԥۂ߃2 ඔ࿐ଆ ٳԛ֥ؐ٢ࠢልད໊֥ᇂູ1۱Ҝ໊. ၛρూაࠢवࡆಃቔြൈࡗቋ؋ູଢѓ, ࡹҜ໊ླྀቔြᇏ, ρూაࠢवؓ1۱Н໊ࣉྛ৫ඔ࿐ଆ, ؓႵܱҕඔބэਈቔೂ༯קၬ: ҄ልཱྀൈ, ၛҜູ໊ቋཬልཱྀֆ໊, h∈H={1, ρూq∈Q={1,2,",Q}; ࠢवp∈P={1,2,", u2,",H}іൕھН໊ᇏҜ໊֥ࠢކ; іൕֻh۱Jh(1)P}; ࠢልདj∈J={1,2,",J}; tູρూq֥෮ႵqlҜ໊ᇏրཱྀࠢልད, іൕֻh۱Ҝ໊ᇏրልࠢJh(1) ֆӱልཱྀൈࡗ, tູρూqປӮ1۱ֆӱልཱྀ֥uqልད. ρూაࠢव༵ປӮJཱྀ֥ᄛ۽ቔ, ᆭުል1(2)(2) ൈࡗ; tູρూq֥෮Ⴕ҄ልཱྀൈࡗ, tູρqqulᄛބཱྀᄛJJ҄ࣉྛ, ၛՎো҄ልཱྀࣉྛ, 12(1)ూqປӮ1۱҄ልཱྀ֥ൈࡗ; tູࠢवp֥෮ႵplቋުປӮρూაࠢव֥ؓֆӱልᄛ. J(1)H ֆӱልཱྀൈࡗ, tູࠢवpປӮ1۱ֆӱልཱྀ֥pі1ᇏູԯѷଖ۱Н໊֥4۱Ҝ໊ᇏրཱྀބր(2)(2) ൈࡗ; tູࠢवp֥෮Ⴕ҄ልཱྀൈࡗ, tູࠢuuuppል֥ࠢልད֥ልཱྀ౦ঃ, J=12,J=10,J=23, h1h2h3वpປӮ1۱҄ልཱྀ֥ൈࡗ; xఃᆴູ1ൈ, іulj,plllJ=17,J=28,J=11,J=13,J=10. h4h1h2h3h4ൕቔြjႮࠢवpປӮ; xఃᆴູ1ൈ, іൕቔြj,qі1 ଖ۱Н໊ᇏ҂Ҝ໊֥ࠢልདልཱྀ౦ঃ jႮρూqປӮ; yఃᆴູ1ൈ, іൕቔြj൞ࠢj,pҜ໊ वpֻ֥1۱ቔြ; yఃᆴູ1ൈ, іൕቔြj൞j,qልཱྀਈ 1 2 3 4 ρూqֻ֥1۱ቔြ; zఃᆴູ1ൈ, іൕؓႿj,j',qཱྀདਈ 12 10 23 17 ρూqটඪ, ቔြjᄝj'ᆭభປӮ; zఃᆴູ1j,j',pልདਈ 28 11 13 10 ൈ, іൕؓႿࠢवpটඪ, ቔြjᄝj'ᆭభປӮ; ᇿ: ልཱྀࠢልདਈֆູ໊FEU. (p)uఃᆴູ1ൈ, іൕࠢवᄎൻൈ, j'ᄝjݖӱj,j'ᄎႨҜ໊ླྀ֥҄ልཱྀҦൈ, Վ໙ีູ(q)ᇏປӮ, uఃᆴູ1ൈ, іൕρూᄝזᄎൈ, j,j'4၂۱ஆਙቆކ໙ี, ႵA=24ᇕልཱྀٚσ, ҂4j'ᄝjݖӱᇏປӮ; v൞֒ༀjაj'Ⴎࠢj,j',p֥ٚσ߶֝ᇁρూট߭ҠቔՑඔၛࠣཌྷႋ֥ࠢववpປӮൈ, ఃᆴູ1; v൞ༀjაj'Ⴎρj,j',qট߭ᄎൻՑඔ֥҂. 2ᇏਙईਔ2ᇕልཱྀٚσ, (p)ూqປӮൈ, ఃᆴູ1; fఃᆴູ1ൈ, іൕࠢj,j'ఃᇏ, ҂ҵٳљսі҂֥Ҝ໊; (a)ٚσᇏρ(q)वؓ৵࿃ༀjაj'ҐႨ҄ልཱྀ; fఃᆴູj,j'ూ/ࠢवልཱྀ֥ҠቔՑඔູ74Ց, (b)ٚσູ90Ց. 1ൈ, іൕρూؓ৵࿃ༀjაj’ҐႨ҄ልཱྀ. Ֆᇏཁಖॖᆩ, (a)ٚσႪႿ(b)ٚσ. ࠎႿρూაࠢवࡆಃቔြൈࡗቋ؋֥Ҝ໊ླྀט؇ଆູ: F=min(ωC+T), (1) ∑q∑pq∈Qp∈. (1)(2)C=t+t,∀q∈Q, (2) qqq(1)(2)T=t+t,∀p∈P,(3)pppx=1,∀j∈J,(4)∑j,pp∈Px=1,∀j∈J, (5) ∑j,qq∈Qy=1,∀p∈P,(6)∑j,pj∈Jy=1,∀q∈Q, (7) ∑j,qj∈Jy≤1,∀j∈J,(8)∑j,pp∈P , (9) y≤1∀j∈J∑j,q2 ԯѷഈ1۱Н໊ᇏ۲Ҝ໊҂ልཱྀඨ֥ؓб q∈Q
ֻ3௹ ޅဉ, ֩: ࠎႿҜ໊ླྀቔြ֥ࠢልད҄ልཱྀٚم 107 z≤1,z≤1,∀j∈J,∀q∈Q, (10) ԩ۽ቔ; (4)ᄝࠢልད֥ልཱྀݖӱᇏ, ρూqປӮ∑∑j,j',qj',j,qj'∈Jj'∈J(1) 1۱ֆӱልཱྀ֥नൈࡗt=2min; ρూqປӮ1q(2)z≤1,z≤1,∀j∈J,∀p∈P, (11) ∑∑ j,j',pj',j,p۱҄ልཱྀ֥ൈࡗt=; ࠢवpປӮ1۱qj'∈Jj'∈J(1)(2) ֆӱልཱྀ֥नൈࡗt=12min; t=15min൞(p)ppu+v≤1,∀j∈J,∀p∈P, (12) j,j'j,j'pࠢवpປӮ1۱҄ልཱྀ֥नൈࡗ; (5)ԯѷ҃अ(q)u+v≤1,∀j∈J,∀q∈Q, (13) j,j'j,j'qູ22۱Н໊, ૄ۱Н໊ᇏ4۱Ҝ໊, ૄ۱Ҝ໊ቋ؟()(2)(q)(1) C−max[f⋅t+(1−f)⋅t]≥0, ॖ٢ᇂ28۱40’ѓད; (6)Ⴟԯѷ֥ൌ࠽҃अ౦ঃ, q∑j,'q∑j,'qj∈Jj∈Jૄ۱Н໊֥Ҝ໊ඔഒ, ؓ1۱Н໊ط, Ҝ໊ླྀ∀j,j'∈J,∀q∈Q, (14)ඨႵ4!=24ᇕٚσ, ҐႨईمьॖ࿊ईԛቋႪ(p)(2)(p)(1) T−max[f⋅t+(1−f)⋅t]≥0, p∑j∑,'j,'pٚσ; (7)T=t+tࢳρూაࠢवልཱྀࠢልད֥qpj∈Jj∈JሹႨൈ. ∀j,j'∈J,∀p∈P, (15)ෛࠏ࿊౼ԯѷᇏ֥5۱Н໊, ૄ۱Н໊֥ࠒ(1)(1)(2)(2)(1)(1)(2)(2) t<<t,t<<t,t<<t,t<<t, (16) qqqqppppᄛ౦ঃі2, ႨMatlab࠹ෘဢЧࢲݔі3. (p)(q)x,xy,yzz,u,u,v, j,pj,qj,pj,qj,j',qj,j',pj,j'j,j'j,j',pі2 ۲Н໊ᇏ҂Ҝ໊֥ࠢልདልཱྀਈ FEU (p)(q)vf,f={0,1}, (17)j,j',qj,j'j,j'Н໊ݼ Ҝ໊ݼልཱྀਈఃᇏ, (1)ൔູଢѓݦඔ, ൞ቋཬ߄ρూაࠢव֥ቔ06 10 14 18 22 ြൈࡗ֥ࡆಃބ. ၹൌ࠽ቔြᇏ, ᆌؓ1۱ࠢልདཱྀདਈ20 8 13 20 27 1 ࠢवቔြൈࡗ൞ρూቔြൈࡗ֥5Пၛഈ, ܣ౼ಃልདਈ22 2 11 22 10 ᇗ༢ඔω=6; (2)ൔඪૼૄቖρూ֥ልཱྀൈࡗູఃཱྀདਈ21 3 22 8 17 2 ປӮֆӱልཱྀა҄ልཱྀൈࡗᆭބ; (3)ൔඪૼૄልདਈ11 24 23 20 7 ਇࠢव֥ᄎൻൈࡗູఃປӮֆӱᄎൻልཱྀაචӱཱྀདਈ19 20 6 19 22 3 ᄎൻልཱྀൈࡗᆭބ; (4)ൔބ(5)ൔіൕޅ1۱ࠢልልདਈ5 9 14 5 8 དᆺିႮ1ቖρూࠇ1ਇࠢवࣉྛልཱྀ; (6)ൔބ(7)ཱྀདਈ20 27 13 4 15 ൔіൕ4 1ਇࠢवࠇ1ቖρూႵࣇႵ1۱ԚҠቔልདਈ1 1 19 14 20 ࠢልད; (8)ൔބ(9)ൔіൕ1۱ࠢልདቋ؟ᆺି൞1і3 ҂ልཱྀٚمбࢠ ۱ࠢवࠇ1ቖρూ֥ԚҠቔ; (10)ൔބ(11)ൔЌᆣਔૄቖρూaૄਇࠢवቋ؟Ⴕ1۱భაުቔြ; ԮልཱྀН໊҄ልཱྀٚم Ҝ໊ቋႪ ིੱڿࣉੱٚمؓႋ(12)ൔބ(13)ൔჿඏਔ1ਇࠢवࠇ1ቖρూᄝᄎൻ**ݼؓႋ֥T/min ልཱྀਙ [(T T)/T]/ *֥T/minࣉྛൈᆺҠቔ1ᆺࠢልད; (14)ൔჿඏਔ1ቖρూ061 666 1 267 3→2→1→4 ಆ҆ቔြປӮ่֥ࡱ, ࠧρూ֥ሹልཱྀൈࡗնႿ101 316 3→2→1→4 ֩Ⴟρూ෮Ⴕልཱྀྙൔ֥ልཱྀሹൈࡗ; (15)ൔჿඏ141 694 1 190 3→4→2→1 ਔ1ਇࠢवಆ҆ቔြປӮ่֥ࡱ, ࠧࠢव֥ሹልཱྀ181 568 1 4→2→1→3 ൈࡗնႿ֩Ⴟࠢव෮Ⴕልཱྀྙൔ֥ልཱྀሹൈࡗ; 221 764 1 365 4→3→1→2 (16)ൔ۳ԛਔૄቖρూࠇૄਇࠢवֆӱልཱྀၛࠣሹ࠹8 008 5 845 – ҄ልཱྀൈࡗ֥ჿඏ; (17)ൔקၬਔଆҕඔᇏ۲۱҃غэਈ. Ⴎі3֥࠹ෘࢲݔॖ֤, ᆌؓෛࠏԎ౼֥൫ဒဢЧ, ҐႨҜ໊ླྀ֥҄ልཱྀҦᄝልཱྀིੱ3 ඔᆴଆ ഈࢠԮልཱྀٚمनิۚ . ၛН໊18ູ൫ဒԯѷડቀࡌഡ่ࡱ: (1)ࡊϰഈაҜଽ҃২, οԮٚم, ۲Ҝ໊ልཱྀඨູ1→2→3→4, अҵၳޭ; (2)҂Н໊֥ࢲܒҵၳޭ; (3)ልཱྀطο҄ልཱྀٚمႪ߄ު֥ልཱྀඨູ4→2→ ֥ࠢልད൞FEUѓད, ޭห൹ࠢልད֥ห൹1→3, ልཱྀིੱิۚਔ .
108 ୡѯն࿐࿐Бč۽ϱĎ 2012 [J]. ᇏ॓ն࿐࿐Б: ሱಖ॓࿐ϱ, 2010, 38(11):84- 4 ࢲე 87. ࣮ਔ҄ልཱྀᇏ1۱Н໊҂Ҝ໊֥ል[5] ഉࣖ, ศ֣Ꮮ. ࠢልདࠢवט؇Ҧ֥ٟᆇཱྀ࣮ඨ໙ี, ิԛਔҜ໊ླྀၛิۚρూაࠢव[J]. ݱ۽ն࿐࿐Б: ࢌ๙॓࿐ა۽ӱϱ, 2006, 30 (5):827-830. ֥ቔြིੱ. ၛࠣᄝՎࠎԤഈ, ࡹ৫ਔࠎႿρూა[6] ݢཱু, ਃਊ, ᆽ఼, ֩. ࠢልདρזቔြט؇ࠢवࡆಃቔြൈࡗቋ؋֥؟ଢѓႪ߄ଆ, ๙ݖࡹଆࠣט؇Ҧ࣮[J]. ۽ြ۽ӱაܵ, 2009, 14(5): ඔᆴ࠹ෘ, ིੱิູۚ ~ , नิۚ20-26. . ᄝ1۱Н໊ၘႪ߄֥ࠎԤഈ, ༯၂҄ॖᆌ[7] ࠹ૼफ, ࣊ᆽޡ. ࠢልདࠢवაρూླྀטט؇Ⴊؓᆜ่ࠢልདԯࣉྛࣉ၂֥҄҄ልཱྀٚم࣮. ߄[J]. گ֊࿐Б: ሱಖ॓࿐ϱ, 2007, 46(4):476-488. [8] ӑ, ӧ, ਞ, ֩. ࠢልདࠢवᇆି߄ൌൈטҕॉ໓ང: ؇ٚσ[J]. ۖ१॓, 2008, 10:51-52. [1] ਾݚຯ, ߛႵٚ, ൎࡹ. ࠎႿଆઆ֥ࠠࠢवᇆିಆ[9] ᄻ౩Ӯ, ဗᇑᆒ, ࣧ. ࠢልདН҄ልཱྀט؇ӆט؇༢[J]. ᇏݓ۽ӱࠏྀ࿐Б, 2004, 2(3):279- ଆაෘم[J]. ࢌ๙ᄎൻ۽ӱ࿐Б, 2010, 10(1):88-93. 284. [10] Zhang H, Kim K H. Maximizing the number of [2] ఫႥྖ. ࠢልདࠢवט؇༢[J]. ඣᄎ۽ӱ, 2005 dual-cycle operations of quay cranes in container termi- (5):62-66. nals[J]. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2009, 56(3): [3] ᆟ, ศ֣Ꮮ. ࠎႿႪ߄ቆކ֥ࠢልདࠢव979-992. ט؇ඌ[J]. ݱ۽ն࿐࿐Б: ྐ༏აܵ۽ӱϱ, [11] Goodchild A V, Daganzo C F. Crane double cycling in 2006, 28(4):26-29. container ports: planning methods and evaluation[J]. [4] ഉࣖ. ૫ཟච40ႇԄρూ֥ࠢवט؇ଆაෘمTransportation Research: Part B, 2007, 41(8):875-891. Method of Synchronized Container Loading and Unloading Based on Simultaneous Hatch Operation 12*HE Yun-yan, HU Yan-hai ( of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; 2. Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China ) Abstract: Based upon simultaneous hatch operation, the method of synchronized container loading and unloading is presented. To minimize the weighing and transporting vehicle time as well as quay-crane handling time, a multi-objective optimization model is established. The optimal operational sequence of hatches in a bay is obtained, as well as the shortest handling time of vehicle and quay-crane. Numerical tests, which are compared against the traditional operations, illustrate the feasibility and efficiency of synchronized container loading and unloading method based on simultaneous hatch operation. Key words: container terminal; simultaneous hatch operation; synchronized loading and unloading čᄳщࠠ ᅣ৫Ď
