（交通运输）西安交通大
学研究生综合英语 II课后
习题答案
Unit1PuttinginaGoodWordforGuilt
:
(1)Anincreasingnumberofchildren’sbooksattempttoportraylifeasitisform
ch[assortment]ofrealisticfictionsforchildrenaged8-12andolder.
[assortment];avariety
多种多样;一批品种多样的收藏；多种多样
(2)Peoplewith[narcissistic]personalitydisorderhaveagreatsenseofself-
mitedsuccessorpower.
[narcissistic]adj.自恋的,自我陶醉的
narcissistn.自我陶醉者
narcissisticallyadv.
(3)Studiesonfilmconsumershadindicatedteenageaudienceassaprimemarket,w
iththeresultthatHollywoodfilmmakers[obsessively]cateredtothatmarket,s
ometimesattheexpenseofadultfare.
[obsessively]adv.强迫性地,着迷似地
obsessiveadj.
[1]Of,relatingto,characteristicof,orcausinganobsession着迷,与着迷有关
的或具有着迷特征的
obsessivegambling着迷于赌博
[2]Excessiveindegreeornature急迫的,在程度或性质上过分的
anobsessiveneedtowin急迫的想赢的欲望
obsessivenessn.（名词）
obsessvt.(魔鬼、妄想等)缠住;迷住
[常用被动结构]使窘困;使烦扰
beobsessedby[with]被...附上[缠住,迷住心窍]
obsessorn.使人烦扰的人或事
(4),[slaying]
andeatingeachother,andsacrificingoneanotherbythousandstotheirgods.
[slaying]<=.（及物动词）
[动词各种形态：slew,slain,slaying，slays]
[1]Tokillviolently凶狠地杀死
Thesoldiersslaininthebattlewereburriedthatnight.
在那天夜晚，埋葬了在战斗中牺牲了的战士。
[2][Slang]Tooverwhelm,aswithlaughterorlove
【俚语】深深感动;压倒,克服;使禁不住大笑
Thoseoldjokesstillslayme.那些古老的笑话仍让我感动。
MiddleEnglishslen,slayen中古英语 slen,slayen
slayern.杀人者,凶手
对比词汇：destroy;exterminate;kill;puttodeath
(5)Attemptingtomakemoneyfromthegrowing[legion]ofbothfemaleandmalefans
ofbasketball,hestartedtowritelovestorieswithbasketballasoneoftheeleme
nts.
[legion]n.
[1]ThemajorunitoftheRomanarmyconsistingof3,000to6,000infantrytroopsan
d100to200cavalrytroops.古罗马军团：古罗马军队的主要单位，由 3,000至
6,000名步兵和 100至 200名骑兵组成
[2]Alargemilitaryunittrainedforcombat;anarmy.
军队，兵团：被训练以用于战斗的庞大的军事单位；军队
[3]Alargenumber;
大量；众多.参见 multitude
alegionoffollowers大批追随者
MiddleEnglish:legioun中古英语 legioun
fromOldFrenchlegion源自古法语 legion
对照词汇：
army,battalion,company,division,force,outfit,regiments,quad,team,troo
p,unit
(6)Beingsomewhatolderthanhewas,they[instilled]intohimafalseideaofthei
rsuperiority,anditwasbythismeanstheyretainedhimintheir“set”—
asetofwild,dissipated(闲游浪荡的)youngmen.
instill
[instill]
.（及物动词）
[词形：，，也作 ]
[1]Tointroducebygradual,persistentefforts;implant:
逐渐的，持续地灌输；灌输：
“Morality...maybeinstilledintotheirminds”(ThomasJefferson)
“道德可以灌输到他们的头脑中”(托马斯·杰弗逊)
MiddleEnglish：instillen
中古英语 instillen
(7)ItisperhapsdifficultforWhiteSouthAfricans,withan[ingrained]prejudi
ceagainstcommunism,tounderstandwhyexperiencedAfricanpoliticianssoread
ilyacceptcommunistsastheirfriends.
[ingrained]
adj.
Firmlyestablished;deep-seated
根深蒂固的；牢固的
ingrainedprejudice;根深蒂固的偏见
theingrainedhabitsofalifetime
一生的根深蒂固的习惯
(8)Whileadministrationofficialswerekeptbusyansweringthecharges,thesec
retaryandchairman[hustled]backandforthbetweencommitteesonbothsidesoft
heCapitoldefendingthepaceandscopeofthedefenseeffort.
[hustle]
[词形：hustled，hustling，hustles]
.（不及物动词）
Toworkormoveenergeticallyandrapidly
赶忙，有干劲儿：精力充沛、动作迅速地工作或运动
Comeon,now!Hustle!
Wehustledtogetdinnerreadyontime.
我们忙着把晚餐按时准备好
hustlefor
[美口]费力气想得到,极力争取
(9)Thousandsofsoccerfansstormedthegatesofanalreadyovercrowdedstadium,
[stampede].
[stampede]
n.
[1]Asuddenfrenziedrushofpanic-strickenanimals
惊逃，受惊吓的动物突然狂奔
[2]Asuddenheadlongrushorflightofacrowdofpeople
逃窜，一哄而散，人群突然猛冲或飞奔
Therewasastampedeofpanic-strickencrowdfromtheburninghotel.
一群惊惶失措的人们,从失火的旅馆中跑了出来。
[3]Amassimpulsiveaction蜂拥
astampedeofsupportforthecandidate.
纷纷支持那个侯选人
(10)
iptoanunfamiliarAsiancity,Ihadharbored[qualms]aboutjusthowImightberec
eived.
[qualm]
n.
Asuddendisturbingfeeling
不安，疑虑；突然引起不安的感觉
qualmsofhomesickness
思乡症
:
(1)
ingthatperiodoftimeofabouttenyearsormore,thosewelcomepsychologistssol
vedpeople’smentalproblemsbywritingbooksinsteadofgivingclinicaltreatm
anything.
(2)Inthepast,itwascommonlythoughtthattolovehimself,everyoneshouldfir
,peopledeliberatelyig
noredthesenseofguiltwithoutunderstandingitsmeaningandsignificance.
(3)What’smore,wewouldneverbeoneofthosewhogiveuptheirguiltwhilebecom
ingmoreandmoredeterioratedinexcessiveadmirationofthemselves.
(4)
illingtobeoneofthemorguideourchildrentobeoneofthem.
(5)Insuchachangeableworld,oursenseofdutyisverylikelytochangeourfeeli
tdifferencebetweenourbeliefandtheeducationwegot,andthatdifferenceresu
ltsinthesenseofguilt.
(6)Ifguiltrepresentsthecontradictionofourstandardsofbehavior,itisago
odthingfullofstrengthandhumanness.
(7)Insomeaspect,theso-
’twant
tofeelguilty,wewillnotdobadthings.
(8)Inthataspect,guiltcanmakeuscivilizedandforceusbyconsciencetobegoo
dpeopleinsteadofputtingourselvesinthefirstplaceurgently.
:
Guiltcanbeafeelingof(1)[remorse]aboutanactionorsituationinwhichyo
uhadsomeculpabilityor(2)[responsibility].Sometimeswecanfeelguiltyeven
thereisno(3)[reason].
Anyideasaboutwhathas(4)[triggered]theguilt?Whatisofinterestinourc
ontextistheneuroticsenseofguiltwhichisaformof(5)[anxiety]mostlyconnec
tedtorepressed,(6)[committed]amo
ralcrime.
Doestoomuch(7)[criticism]reallycausetoomuchguilt?Harshparentingle
adstodecreased(8)[empathy],guilt,andself
yto(9)[develop]asenseofmorality/
meansthatapersondoessomethingthat(10)[violate]theirmoralcode,(11)[val
ue]system,ortheirsenseofright/wrongandgood/,oncetheyd
osomething(12)[against]theirduty,
inalanalysiswejudgethingsbywhetherthey(13)[fulfill]thepurposeforwhich
(14)[generally]acceptedprinciplethatonecannotcondem
nsomethingfor(15)[failing]toachievewhatitwasnever(16)[intended]toachi
(17)[biochemical]machine,hecannotbe(18)[judged]onan
ymoralgrounds(19)[since]thebehaviorofmachinesispredeterminedbytheirve
ry(20)[nature]andisinnosense“moral.”
:
.
Tobehappy,amanmustfeel,firstly,freeand,secondly,important.人要想快
乐，首先必须感到自由，其次，必须感到自己重
要。Hecannotbereallyhappyifheiscompelledbysocietytodowhathedoesnotenj
oydoing,orifwhatheenjoysdoingisignoredbysocietyasofnovalueorimportanc
e.假如迫于社会压力做自己不乐意做的事，或者乐于做的事被认为一文不值，
毫不重要，得不到社会的承认，那么这样的人是不可能真正快乐
的。Amanisalaborerifthejobsocietyoffershimisofnointeresttohimselfbuth
eiscompelledtotakeitbythenecessityofearningalivingandsupportinghisfam
ily.倘若一个人对社会给予他的差事不感兴趣，干下去只是出于谋生和养家糊
口的需要，那么此人就只是个雇佣劳动
者。Amanisaworkerifheispersonallyinterestedinthejobwhichsocietypayshi
mtodo.倘若一个人打心眼里对社会掏钱让他干的差事感兴趣，那么他就是一个
工作
者。Whetherajobistobeclassifiedaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitself,b
utonthetastesoftheindividualwhoundertakesit.一件差事究竟是劳动还是工
作并不取决于差事本身，而是取决于干这个差事的人的喜
好。Thedifferencedoesnotcoincidewiththedifferencebetweenamanualandame
ntaljob.这种差异并不等同于体力和脑力劳动之间的区
别。Whichamaniscanbeseenfromhisattitudetowardleisure.从一个人对休闲的
态度可以看出他属于哪类
人。Toaworker,leisuremeanssimplythehoursheneedstorelaxandrestinordert
oworkefficiently.对工作者而言，休闲不过是放松休息几个小时，为的是工作
起来效率更
高。Heisthereforemorelikelytotaketoolittleleisurethantoomuch.所以他很
可能花很少的时间休息，而不是很
多。Tothelaborer,ontheotherhand,leisuremeansfreedomfromcompulsion,sot
hatitisnaturalforhimtoimaginethatthefewerhourshehastospendlaboring,an
dthemorehoursheisfreetoplay,thebetter.对劳动者而言恰恰相反，休闲意味
着摆脱了羁绊，他总盼着少干多玩，工作时间越短越好，这种想法也在情理之
中。
.
(1)Peopleappealedtothegovernmenttoputinagoodwordfortherealheroaftert
hetruthcameout.
(2)OnthecomingoftheNewYear,itoccurredtoSamthatheshouldputasidehiswor
kforawhileandcallhisparents.
(3)Inatimeofchange,youngpeopleoftenputself-
interestinthefirstplaceandtuneoutsocialcommitment.
(4)Thegovernmenthasrealizedthatserioussocialproblemsmayarisefromweal
thpolarization,andmeasureshavebeentakentoshortenthedistance.
(5)Asthecostofbeingfamous,starsareparticularlyvulnerabletocriticism,
becausepeoplealwayshavehigherexpectationsofthem.
(6)Aftertheterroristattackwassuccessfullysuppressed,thehorror-
strickenhostageswereshepherdedacrossasecretpassagetothesafetyzone.
(7)Finally,theauthorchosetoretorttherumornotbecauseofanypersonaloffen
se,butratherinresponsetoinjuriesinflictedonothers.
(8)Thecriminalexplainstohislawyerthathiswillissonaturallyfragilethath
isphysicalneedsoftenoverpowerhisfeeling,whichleadstothetheftofhisacqu
aintance.
(9)Whenhergrandma,theonlypersonwholovedherintheworld,passedaway,herhe
artwasfilledwithnothingelsebutdeepsorrowandregret.
Unit2IntheBeginning:GodandScience
(1)profane(2)ignited(3)concocted(4)reverberations(5)subversive(6)enig
matic(7)convergence(8)provisional(9)defy（10)transparent
(1)It’shardandevenintolerabletoimaginetheinfinitiveuniverse,likethee
ndlesstime,butthisideacanatleastmakepeoplefeelcalmandpeaceful.
(2)However,inrecentdecades,theSteadyStatemodelofuniversehasbeensubsti
tutedinscientificfieldbyamoredifficultideathattheuniverseisfullofforc
efulactions.
(3)TheBigBangtheorymakessomeastronomersveryuneasy,butatthesametime,cr
eatesalittleexcitementinreligiousfieldforitseemstoconfirmtheirbeliefi
ncreation.
(4)ScienceeducedtheBigBangtheoryfromthehardworkofassumptionandtestifi
cationandevenunexpectedbutpleasantincidents,whichsharelittleinterestw
ithideology.
(5)Manytheologiansalsoagreethatthesimilarpointofreligionandscienceont
heissueofcreationisaccidentalwithoutdeepsignificance.
(6)Somescientistsrefusetoconsidertheissueofcreationwiththeattitudeofd
ealingwiththefact.
(7)Yet,actuallyeveryone,includingscientistsandcommonreligiouspersons,
ispossessedbytheconfusingissuesofcreationandevenwhathappenedbeforeit.
(8)Peoplewhoareengagedinthehitechfieldneedsomethingfromspiritandethi
cstoconducttheirwork.
(9)TheBigBangtheoryofcourseisnottheperfectfinaltheoryofcreationthathu
mancandevelop,butwhatitshowstousisavastunknownareathatrequiresefforta
ndappropriaterespectfrombothreligionandscience.
(1)concerned(2)deeply(3)movements(4)longing(5)endeavor(6)present(7)re
ligious(8)suffice(9)varying(10)experience(11)primitive(12)evokes(13)s
tage(14)poorly(15)creates(16)depend(17)handed(18)disposed(19)degree(2
0)basis
.
(1)硅芯片时代的不可知论可被除了造物之外的许多疑惑所动摇。几乎具有同样
神秘色彩的问题是，在几十亿年前，是什么条件产生了第一个能够复制自身的
分子。这一步使得遍布地球的所有生命形式的发展成为可能。为什么恰在那时
发生呢？对于科学和神学在大爆炸宇宙学上表面的趋同，宗教界表现出来的热
情是可以理解的。自启蒙运动以来，《圣经》所述的创世故事或者其它“事
件”，如人之堕落和耶稣基督的奇迹，屡屡遭遇科学的贬抑；它们仅仅被当作神
话、迷信而已。现在信徒们不由得要相信科学已经费力地证实了至少一个圣经
“神话”：创世说。
(2)美国国家航空和航天局宣布科学家已经发现来自火星的陨石中有生命的迹
象。到目前为止，公众的反响相当积极。不过随着人们进一步领会其深层含
义，这种积极的反响可能会改变。来自国家宇航局的这一消息是近 500年来对
人类最大的冒犯。这个新发现说明生命很可能是相当普通的一种现象，只要有
点机会在任何地方都可能发生。地球并不特殊。异类的生命形式也不特别。它
们不是人们通常合情合理想象的长着尖尖耳朵或其它可爱特点的人形生命，它
们很可能更像简单的细菌。地球上的生命之所以特别是因为我们只了解这一种
生命形式。那么就这一点来说，现在行将破碎的那类教条根本就是建立在无知
的基础上的。生物学的根基非常脆弱，它只有一个数据点，即地球上的生命。
.
(1)Sincemygrandmaknowsnothingaboutelectricalappliance,shealwaysstaysc
learofanyofthemwithfear.
(2)Althoughtheyhavebeensiegedforalmostaweek,thesoldiersswearnevertoyi
eldthegroundtotheenemy.
(3)Tohisembarrassment,hisnewbossturnedouttobehisprimaryschoolclassmat
e,onwhomheusedtoplaytrick.
(4)Everybodyshouldknowhowtochoosewhentheirsocialresponsibilityclashes
withtheirpersonalinterest.
(5)Touristsfromallovertheworldarereallytakenbythebeautyandintelligenc
eshowninthispalace.
(6)ThisbookprovidesasharplookatthedomesticlivesofmiddleclassAfricanA
mericansandtheresidualimpactsofslaveryandracialdiscrimination.
(7)ThatmorninginthelargestruralmarketinAsian,Isawatleastahundredthous
andpeoplejostledwithoneanothertobuylivestock,whichissounforgettableto
me.
(8)Thenarrationatfirstcontinuesthelightspokentoneoftheearliernovel,bu
tasitdevelops,thistonerecedes,onlyoccasionallyburstingforthinhumorous
words.
(9)Thetwogroupsconcurredthateventhetoughestgunlawswouldhavenoeffecton
crimerate;thekeyliesintheeducationofpeople.
(10)Noonecouldexpectthatthegreatwriter’sgravewasmarkedbyasmallwooden
board,bearinghisname,thelettersofwhichwerenearlyobliteratedbytime.
Unit3PrivacyandPropertyonNet
(1)confidential(2)facilitate(3)bizarre(4)innovation
(5)surveillance(6)Incidentally(7)administered(8)deregulation
(1)Althoughprivacyandpropertyarefirmlyestablishedinthehistoryofhumand
evelopment,theyvaryasthesocialcriteriachange.
(2),they
maybeprovedwronginsomedomainslikesocialaspects.
(3)Itseemsfairforeveryonethatthelawforbidstherichaswellasthepoortosle
epunderbridges,whereas,thetruthisthattherichdon’thavetosleepunderbri
dgessothelawonlyplacesrestrictionsonthepoor.
(4)Copyrightsoundsfairtobothcelebritiesandobscurities,butitvirtuallys
eparatecelebritiesfromtheothermusiciansbecauseonlycelebritiesandmajor
hisrevealsinequalityunderthecoverofsocalledequality.
(5)Courtofficialswhohavemadeasolemnpromisecouldexplorethedoubtfulcase
sthenspecifythosereallyguiltyfewandreporttopunishthemaccordingtolaws.
(6)Informationtechnologycannotprovideconvincinganswerstosuchquestions
thusendingupbeingdoubtedbypublic,followingnuclearpowerandgeneticengin
eering.
(7)Internetbasedinvestigationsmightsucceed,buttheyareusuallylessrelia
blethantraditionalrandomlysampledpolls.
(1)sophisticated(2)protect(3)named(4)employed(5)other(6)private(7)onl
y(8)public(9)possessed(10)periodically(11)forge(12)limit(13)approved(
14)privileges(15)accountable(16)confidential(17)access(18)difficult(1
9)mixture(20)symbols
.
(1)这样一个多层机密系统的最佳构思是什么呢？是否会出现意外的后果？公众
是否能接受？如果不能很好地回答这些问题，信息技术将会像核能源和基因工
程一样被笼罩在大众的疑云之中。现在无处不在的电话销售已经让人们变得十
分抵触通过电话进行的科学调查了。网络调查倒是大有前途，但是显然缺乏传
统的随机抽样调查的可信度。另一个问题是，政府以安全为目的进行数据收集
和整合，但是对其真实结果的研究在政府的安全机构内部是不可能公正的，因
为要想获得科学的公正性，研究就必须公开进行。
(2)根据卡内基·麦伦大学的研究，使用因特网可能会导致心理健康程度下降。
两年的研究表明，上网次数多的人与较少的人相比，即使是一周仅上网几小时
也会经常地感觉到沮丧和孤独。这不是说已经有不良感觉的人在网上花费了更
多的时间，而是说使用因特网似乎确实诱发了人们的不良感觉。研究者推测
说，实际情况是上网使网民减少了和家人及朋友共度的时光，这也许可以解释
他们心理健康状况的下降原因。和面对面的交谈相比，这种见不着面、看不见
人的“虚”的交流可能会使人从心理上缺乏满足感。人们通过这种交流结下的
友谊也不会太深。还有一种可能是，网民通过因特网所了解到的广阔世界使他
们对自己的生活不那么满意了。
.
(1)Thenewsrenderedusextremelyexcitedthatourcontestanthadwonthechampio
nshipinthecontest.
(2)AftereverySpringFestivalgraduatestravelaroundthecountryinthepursui
tofjob.
(3)Howcanyoutellhehasmurderedhisneighborintheabsenceofanyspecificproo
f?
(4)Underthethreatofterrorists’attacksgovernmenthastosiftthroughheaps
ofmailseveryday.
(5)Theconferencecommittes’membersarediscussingwhetherthetopicshouldf
allunderthissession’stheme.
(6)Whenhewasawarethathishealthwasdeteriorating,theonceambitiousentrep
reneurrelinquishedallcontroloverthebusinesstohisson.
(7)Themunicipalgovernmenthasdeterminedtobroadenalltheroadswithintheci
tfacilitatingcitizens’transportation.
(8)Wheninvestigatingabankrobberyresultingintwodeaths,thepolicefoundal
etterwhichimplicatedJohnintherobbery.
Unit5EscapingtoIrelandforChristmas
(1)contrariness(2)tangle(3)stamina(4)roam(5)subtlety(6)bustling(7)con
spire(8)foray(9)tangible(10)savor
(1)WeprefertotravelatChristmasbecausewetendtoavoidthecrowdsduringtrav
elingseasons.
(2)Ourreasonforhavingsuchdifferenttripsisfromtheharvestratherthanthel
ossduringthecourse
(3)Wehavelongandhardtravelingexperience,whichgivesusthecreativeideaso
fmakingthespecialplans,theperseverancetogothroughdifficulties,andtheo
ptimisticandhumorousreactiontopeople’slackofunderstanding.
(4)Asourplanschangethelifestyleormakethemtowearheavily,ourchildrenare
notalwaysobedientandwillingtoacceptthem.
(5)OurideaofChristmasischangedbecauseofourrevolutionofthepastlifestyl
eandthepleasureoffindinganotherculture.
(6)Whenwearetravelinginanothercountry,weareallforeigners,whichmakesus
daremoreeasilytoacceptother’sopinion.
(7)Thewholefamilyactedtogethertocaterformyspecialloveforknittingwool,
suchaswatchingthesheepwalkingthrough,findingandvisitingthediscardedwo
olmill,focusingontheyarnstoreineverytownandrenamingcolorsforsweatersw
ithourvisitedplacesformemory.
(8)Afterwearingtherubberrainbootsandthickwoolsocks,wearenotafraidofth
ecoldnessandhumidityanymorewhenwestampedthroughmuddyfields.
(9)WecanunderstandtheIrishlifefromaspecialanglebyviewingtheirlocalnew
spaperfortheworld’sevents.
(1)crowded(2)vacationers(3)stretch(4)tight(5)beginning(6)seem(7)cash(
8)against(9)dreaded(10)possible(11)avoiding(12)popular(13)surprise(14)r
oute(15)accordingto(16)same(17)difficult(18)ultimately(19)given(20)ex
pect
.
如果我是一名游客的话，我会将我的出行计划定在四，五月或者十，十一
月期间。要是在“旺季”去的话，你遭受冷雨寒风的机会会更大。而且很奇怪
地，全国都会挤得一塌糊涂，收费还高得惊人。
我会开车或坐飞机到达杰克逊维尔，而且在一天之中较早的时间到达，这
样我就不必在那过夜了。实际上，我会尽量避开城市，除非是为了转机。我还
会尽量避开任何要我买门票去参观的地方。
我会在杰克逊维尔租辆车，借助能找到的最详细的国家地图，朝南走 13号
国道，顺着圣约翰河东岸而下。我会慢慢地开，寻找垂钓营地。我会租一艘带
有突出甲板的小船在河上待上一两个小时，看看弗罗里达世界，解除旅行的压
力。
.
(1)Successliesnotsomuchasinluckasinhardwork.
(2)Suchdifficultiesforustoclassifytheirnationalcharacteristicsusually
stemfromtheenormousvarietyofAmericaandAmericans.
(3)Theministerhastofendoffsomeawkwardquestionsfromreportersatthepress
conference.
(4)Onceagain,
hildren,itwasnotuncommonthatIwaseithertooyoungortoooldforsomething.
(5)Thequalityoflifeoftheresidentshasbeenontherise,withconsiderableimp
rovementinfood,clothing,housing,transportanddailynecessities.”
(6)Inspiteofthetightbudget,thegovernmentwillstillpropupthedecliningin
dustriesthatarerelatedtothenationaleconomyandpeople’slivelihood.
(7)Inadditiontoprovidingventurecapital,weofferanarrayofvalue-
addedservicesandin-depthsupporttoentrepreneursinChina’shigh-
techindustries.
(8)Ifchildrenaresowellabletolearntheirmothertongue,itispreciselybecau
setheyplungethemselvesintotheseaoflanguageinsteadofreadingafewtextboo
ksonly.
Unit7AdoptersofChinesealsoAdoptCulture
(1)dietary(2)trigger(3)syndrome(4)subside(5)nary(6)alienate(7)hodge-
podge(8)emigrate(9)feast(10)presumptuous
(1)LongtimeagoinChina,MoonCakeswhichwasmadeofstickypastryandfruitstuf
fingwasthetraditionalornamentoftheMid-autumnDaymorethanthefood.
(2)About5,
reanewtype--Chinese-
Americans,
efamilyCallandars.
(3)ManyadoptersofChinesebabiesaretryingtoenlargethescaleoftheirfamili
,piano
teachers,andanyotheroccupationsintheirfamilies.
(4)EventhebiggestcityinWisconsin,whichisclosetotheirhometown,doesneve
rorganizeapubliccelebrationofChineseNewYear.
(5)Butthen,whenSouthKoreanbabieswhowereadoptedbyAmericanfamiliesmatur
ed,
efieldofintercountryadoption.
(6)ManySouthKoreanadopteesthoughtabsorbingAmericancultureisparticular
onmadethemfeeltheydidnotbelongineitherAmericanorSouthKoreancultures.
(7)InthemidstofthepeoplewhotookpartintheChineseNewYear’sBanquet,ther
sperformedwithaccompanyoftraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsinthecit
y.
(8)ButalongwithmoreandmorebabiesareadoptedbyAmericanfamilies,theremus
tbeaparticularandsimpleformofaddressforthefamilyinthefuture.
(1)when(2)divorce(3)imported(4)Blame(5)Western(6)as(7)across(8)where(
9)breeding(10)West(11)on(12)hasten(13)evenif(14)in(15)breakinto(16)fo
llow(17)struck(18)abandoned(19)not(20)but
(1)马丁路德.金恩博士,在一九六三年的一篇有名的演讲《我有一个梦》当中表
达了他的理想.其实这个根植于"美国梦"的理想,并不是个完全新潮的主意.从一
开始,这个由移民所组成的国家,便欢迎渴望自由和新开始的人来到.但是,不同
种族的到来亦带来了紧张的气氛.早期的美国人(除了印地安原住民之外)几乎全
是来自欧洲的白人.当更多的移民抵达时,欧洲团体较容易适应这个社会,其它团
体则较感困难.
(2)黑人是唯一非出于自愿而到美国来的"移民".几百年以来,非洲人自其家园被
迫带到新世界为奴.即使乔治.华盛顿和汤玛士.杰弗逊也曾蓄奴.那句"人类生而
平等"的话,在他们的时代并不适用于黑人.一八六五年,南北战争的结束终于为
黑奴带来自由,但是黑人的社会地位仍然较低.许多南方的州实行种族隔离政策
以使"黑人不会跨越界限".黑人和白人上不同的学校,在不同的餐馆吃饭,甚至连
喝水都用不同的饮水机.
.
(1)Inspiteofgreatdifficulties,thepoliceweredeterminedtotrackdownthisc
riminalatanycost.
(2)TheresultthatChinahaswonthehostrightof2008Olympicswasannouncedbypr
esidentofInternationalOlympicsCommitteestotheaccompanimentofloudcheer
ing.
(3)Whenherworkisputonandreceivesapplause,shewouldfeelthateverythingsh
ehasdoneiswellworthit.
(4)WithrapiddevelopmentofInternet,individualblogsareinvoguethroughout
,youcansetupyourpersonalmini-websiteatanytime.
(5)Thetownboastsaworldfamousartgallery.
(6)Computerinternetisrapidlydeveloping,andtheworldinformationsuperhig
hwayisalreadybeginningtotakeshape.
(7)Aftertheearthquake,cellphonesignalwasonceoffandon,whichbroughtgrea
tinconveniencetoourcommunication.
(8)Beforethewildenthusiasmarousedbythegoalsubsided,thesituationonplay
groundchangeddramatically.
Unit8Dolly'sFalseLegacy
1)infertility2)hypothetical3)emerge4)intrinsic
5)defects6)specified7)unscrupulous8)justified
1)verb2)identical3)themselves4)splitting5)genetically
6)clones7)sexual8)carries9)which10)offspring
11)either12)organisms13)differs14)depending15)take
16)of17)place18)from19)divides20)as
.
为何首先要“复制”人呢？不能生育的夫妇可能选择复制他们自己之一而不接
受捐献者的基因。我和妻子生有两个孩子，又领养了一个，但是假使克隆一个
我自己来弥补不能生育的遗憾的话，那对我的婚姻意味着什么？这样的换位思
考非常有益。我与妻子在高中相识。她将如何面对让她陷入爱河的那个年轻人
的克隆？如果我们任何人发现和自己生活在一起，我们会做出什么反应？当
然，那个被克隆的人——当前情况下，也就是我——将认为他理解他的复制品
的行为，因而比起一般的父亲，他更可能强加一些愿望在孩子身上。但是，最
重要的是，一个十多岁的孩子怎样能忍受这样的情形：看着我——一个日渐秃
顶、衰老的人——明白这就是他将来的模样？
.
(1)Intheeventofrain,therugbygamelongexpectedbyfanswillhavetobepostpon
ed.
(2)Peoplehavedoubtsifthemeasuretakenbythecompanyisintheinterestsofmaj
orityofemployees.
(3)Inordertoliveuptoparents’expectations,hedidthebesttoachievehisgoa
ltobecomeanexcellentpianist.
(4)Onwhatgrounddidyousaythattheofficialhadtakenbribes?Ifyoucouldn’to
fferusanyclues,itwouldbeunlikelyforustomakeinvestigations.
(5),wealwaysbelievethatthecauseofco
unterterrorismwillforsuresucceedoneday,basedonanalliancebetweennatio
nsandchampionedbypeoplefromallaroundtheworld.
Unit11TheMaleBeautyMyth
(1)invasive(2)vulnerability(3)pragmatic(4)traumatic(5)vibrant(6)stigm
a(7)preoccupation(8)masculinity(9)follicle(10)celebrity
(1)Unlikewomen,menmaynotappearonmakeovershowsinagreatnumberandtheymay
nottalkaboutittoomuchlikewomen,butmoreandmoremenaregoingforcosmeticsu
rgery.
(2)“Cosmeticprocedureshavearealpsycho-
socialbenefitwhichissometimesignored.”
(3)“Amongallthebiggestfactorsinfluencingthegrowthofcosmeticsurgeryin
general,oneisthatpeoplecanreadaboutitontheWebandthisisparticularlygoo
dtomen,”….
(4)“…Amanwhohasdivorcedmightdateagain,orcompeteforajobagain,andifhe
looksasifhecaresforhimself,hasspentmoneyinmakinghimselflooknice,hewil
lbethoughtmorehighlyandthatisconnectedwithproductivityandmasculinity,
”….
(5)“’tjustrelyon
beingamananymoretogetthejob.”
(6),whatoccup
arshissaidmenmorecommonlyfocustheirattentionontheirnoseasaproblem.
(7)“Nobodyknowsthereasonsforthis,butonehastobecautiousifsomeoneseems
tobepaidparticularattentionto.”
(8)“Therewassomethingdisgracefulanditwasn’tgivenenoughattentiontoan
dthatcanstillhappentoday....Cosmeticproceduresaremoreaboutthestateofb
einghealthy,happy,,‘Vain’isavu
lgarword,”….
(1)beauty(2)complications(3)reminder(4)relatively(5)death(6)pure(7)po
tential
(8)increased(9)scarring(10)one-in-a-
million(11)hiding(12)accident(13)risk
(14)important(15)minimize(16)qualifications(17)emergencies(18)take
(19)freedom(20)hairdressers
.
看来，给人们带来好处的往往不是技术、智力或人品，而是一些气质和相
貌。安娜·库尔尼科娃就是—个例子。她在女子网球的世界排名中列第 37位，
而且还从未获得过重要的单打冠军。那么，为什么库尔尼科娃从广告中获得的
收入要比排名靠前的球员多几百万美元呢?
美貌不仅对妇女管用。纽约巨人橄榄球队的角后卫贾森•泽霍恩如此受人
关注，难道仅仅因为他是一名顶级运动员吗?《妇女体育画报》对他进行报道也
只是因为上述那个原因吗?
你也许了解肯尼迪和尼克松之间那场著名的电视辩论的情况——收听收音
机的人认为理查德·尼克松获得了胜利，而看电视的人则认为赢家是英俊潇洒的
肯尼迪。
得克萨斯州参议员菲尔·格拉姆在 1996年竞选共和党的总统提名时曾说
过：“真正的问题是像我这样相貌不佳的人能否被选上。”几个月后，格拉姆就
退出了竞选。
媒体连篇累牍地报道小肯尼迪的情况，仅仅因为他是总统的儿子吗?假如戴
安娜王妃与玛格丽特公主一样相貌平平，我们还会这么关注她吗?
.
(1)Itisintherightofeverynationtoopt,inkeepingwithitsnationalcondition
sandthewillofitspeople,forasocialsystemandroadofdevelopmentofitsownch
.
(2)Weneedtoadoptapragmaticapproachtobravethechallengeswithunreservedd
etermination.
(3)DuetotheconvenienceoftheInternet,companiescanacquireanddisseminate
informationthroughitandwinatimelyopportunitytoupdatetechnologyandtapn
ewproductsandmarkets.
(4)Incontrast,theeducationsystemsoftodayhaveatendencytodownplaythefou
,theyaregearedtowardspragmatismandadesirefor
quickreturns.
(5)Thegovernmentincreasesthepensioninlinewitheconomicdevelopment,impr
ovementinpeople’slivingstandards,andriseinworkers’salaries.
(6)Allofasudden,MissSubegancallingFangHung-chienHung-
,asthoughshewantedChaoHsin-
meitoknowherintimacywithFang.
(7)Oneofthemostpowerfulcorporatebrandsevercreated,thegoldenarchesreso
nateintheheartsandmindsofpeopleallovertheworld—
eventhoughdifferentculturesattachdifferentmeaningstothem.
(8)Afterresigning,-
Americanrelations,andhasmadeimportantcontributionstothemaintenanceand
developmentofthetwocountries’relations.
Unit12TheSpiritsofCambridge
(1)untangled(2)anguished(3)legacy(4)depicts(5)restored(6)intact(7)shu
dder
(8)fervent(9)commemorates(10)retreat
(1)However,CambridgeUniversity,beingontheedgeofEastEngland,isnotaplac
ethathasghosts;itisfilledwiththespiritoftherealpeoplewhohavelivedther
eoverthecenturies.
(2)IfafewmorepeoplearementionedsuchasBertrandRussell,SamuelPepys,Emma
ThompsonandLudwigWittgenstein,youwillsoonrealizethatCambridgehasarich
andvariouscampuslife.
(3)Ifyoulike,youcantakeanopen-
bustouroranofficialguidedwalk,butit’salsoprettygoodtohavethetriponfo
ot,sothatyoumayhaveenoughtimetofullyenjoytheatmosphereduringyourvisit
tothecolleges,gardens,thechapelsandthepubs.
(4)Theworkisverymodernandpioneering,whereastheplaceofthisworkisveryol
d—
asweknow,thelateSaxontowerofStBene’t’sChurchcanbedatedbacktotheyear
1025,
ange,butseemstobeappropriateforCambridge.
(5)AnotherconnectionbetweenCambridgeandAmericanisthechapelatEmmanuelC
ollege,whereJohnHarvard,anex-
studentofCambridgeandthefounderofHarvardUniversityispaintedonamosaicg
lasswindow.
(6)However,overthesame300years,thefateofOliverCromwell’sheadisnotsow
ellprotectedasthestainedglassEastWindowofPeterhouseChapel.
(7)PeoplewillfeelhorribleattheheadofCromwell,butithaspassedonthroughd
ifferentpeopleuntil1960,
riedsomewhereinSidneySussexCollege,onSidneyStreet,whereOliverCromwell
hadeverstudiedthere.
(8)Afterhearingsuchaterriblestory,youmaywanttocomfortyourselfbygoingt
oapeacefulcollegegarden,suchasChrist’sCollegeattheoppositeendofSidne
yStreet.
(1)institution(2)taken(3)migrated(4)versus(5)will(6)favor(7)establish
ed
(8)continued(9)double-
helix(10)molecular(11)naturalist(12)economist(13)rich
(14)magnificent(15)chapels(16)combination(17)volumes(18)entitled(19)p
apers
(20)collection
.
剑桥大学是具有 700多年历史的世界著名学府，曾培养出牛顿、培根、弥
尔顿、拜伦、达尔文等对人类进步事业做出杰出贡献的伟大科学家、思想家和
诗人。今天，剑桥大学作为获得诺贝尔奖学者最多的大学，在世界高等学府中
依然居于显要的地位。100年来，许多中国学者不远万里到剑桥求学访问。今
天，中国学术界和剑桥大学继续保持着良好的交流与合作。这对加强中英人民
的文化交流和友谊，推进科技和思想进步产生了积极的作用和影响。
.
(1)Heranguishattheunexpecteddeathofheronlychildwassogreatthatshedidno
thaveawinkofsleepforaweek.
(2)BytheinfluenceoftheancientOlympicGames,modernOlympicGamesinheritst
heancientoutstandinglegacyinname,holdingperiod,certainritesandthought
s,butithasessentialdifferencefromtheancient.
(3)Thescientistsareexploringthetechnologiesrequiredtoperformenvironme
ntalrestorationandwastemanagementinacost-effectivemanner.
(4)Somedepictstory-
bookcharacters,otherssuggestthesponsor'shallmark,andsomerepresentabst
ractideas.
(5)Rapidlyshakingoffitstraditionalbackwardnessandquickeningitsstepsto
wardmodernizationarethenaturalrequirementsfortheprogressanddevelopmen
tofthesocietyandtheferventwishofalltheethnicgroups.
(6)Excitableandturbulentintriflingmatters,whenactualbodilydangerthrea
tenedhewasanabnormalquiet.
(7)I'mstillafraidthatincaseofdamageorpilferage,theinsurancecompanymig
htrefuseindemnificationonthegroundsofimproperpacking.
(8)Thoughthearticlesoundslikeapieceofhumoroussciencefiction,itisinten
dedtobringhometothepublictheseriousproblemofenvironmentalpollutionont
heearth.
