llᇵي႔J...IIBRARYANDINFORMATIONSERVICE..Vol49No..9(X)5ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླა܂۳ٳ༅࣮ဗࣘႇႃཫ఼࣡ཬဉݒၬݓࡅ࠹अݓ࠽࠹ྐ༏ᇏྏКࣘ10826qᅋေrંඍݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླބ܂۳֥ၩၬaݣၬaหᆘaؿᅚགྷሑa႕ཙݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླބ܂۳֥ၹࠣఃཌྷ႕ཙ,ѩᄝՎࠎԤഈٳ༅֒భݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏܂ླҵए,ฐษೂޅ෪ཬྐ༏܂ླࡗ֥ҵएބิۚྐ༏֥Ⴕི܂۳,ࣉطิԛડቀݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླ֥ؓҦބࡹၰbqܱՍrྐ༏ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ྐ༏ླྐ༏܂۳ྐ༏ڛༀqٳোݼ.)IUെ25Anaiyሩ5onDemandandSuPPlyofInternaᇸonalEC0no૫clೂforamtionYangJingyingYinXiaojingWangQiangRenXiaoyanGuoYiminInternationalStatistiesIlformationCenter,NationalBureauofStaistiesofChina,Beijingl(X)826qAbstractrTheartieleexpeundsthe51eesu,उeanforpplyandthatofinternationaleeonomieinformationde,mandandthenitstudiestheireoneepts,ehearteristiesandthedevefopmentfaetorsiቃ,ಈPsbeentwethedemandandsupplyoftheinternationa}eeoneomiinformaon-tiி,gihowronthegal),,suegstions~aremರd,onhowtoிeltheିedsonifitematiழaleconoૌ१icinfoৡationdemᓾ.dqKeywoԫsrir૫rnlationintemationaleeonomiei़FormationinformationdemandinformationsᓽplyinfoarmtionservieeЧ໓Ֆ႕ཙݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏܂۳ބླ֥ၹԛؿ,ࢲކ¼ྐ༏҆ڛༀି৯;½ྐ༏Ӂࡎ۬ࠣྐ༏Ӂࡎᆴყݓࡅ࠹अݓ࠽࠹ྐ༏ᇏྏ(ၛ༯ࡥӫoݓ࠽ᇏྏp)֥۽௹aྐ༏Ҁഅ(ೂ࠹ෘࠏa๙ྐഡС֩)֥ࡎ۬֩;¾ྐ༏ቔགྷሑ,ࢺകݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏܂۳აླሑঃބหᆘ,ٳ༅ྐ൧ӆؿტሑঃ;¿ఃၹ,ೂᆟᇍၹ႕ཙ֩bᄝᆃུေ༏܂ླҵए,ิԛડቀ֔ᆟਵ֝ބഠ߶۲ࢸݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླᇏ,ᆺႵྐ༏Ӂࡎ۬აྐ༏ླਈᄹࡆӯڵཌྷܱܱ༢b֥ؓҦބࡹၰྐ༏܂۳ྐ༏܂۳൞၂קൈ௹ଽ,๙ݖෆࠢaטҰaᆜࡆ۽ު,1ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ཌྷܱۀބหᆘູ֔ᆟਵ֝ࠇഠ߶۲ࢸࠣྐ༏൧ӆิ܂֥ྐ༏Ӂb႕ཙྐ༏܂۳֥ᇶေၹႵ:¹ྐ༏ሧ;ºྐ༏ದҌ;.11ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏»ྐ༏ളӁིੱ;¼ྐ༏Ӂᇉਈބൈིྟ;½ྐ༏ӁӮُടࠣಆ౯ࠣൗࢸ۲ݓ֥ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ູࠧݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏,Чބࡎ۬;¾ྐ༏൧ӆؿტሑঃ;¿ఃၹbᄝᆃུေՖህြഈࢃ,Їওݓ࠽࠹ྐ༏,Ֆඔऌোটࢃ,Їওᇏ,ྐ༏Ӂࡎ۬აྐ༏܂۳ਈᄹࡆ၂Ϯӯڵཌྷܱܱ༢bඔऌބ໓ሳྐ༏bЧБۡᇶေ࣮ݓ࠽ᇏྏิ܂֥૧ٮݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏,ၹՎ҂ؓྐ༏അࡎ۬ྐ༏ླྐ༏൧ӆ֩ၹࣉྛധದٳ༅bྐ༏ླ൞၂קൈ௹ଽ,ದૌູડቀᇉളӁaྐ༏ളӁބളࠃླေ෮Ӂള֥ྐ༏ླb2ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླሑঃ႕ཙྐ༏ླ֥ᇶေၹ:¹ྐ༏ཨٮି৯,Їওྐ༏ཨٮᆀ֥໓߄အaཨٮᆀྐ༏ၩ്aྐ༏ཨٮொݺaᆩ്ෛሢݓoದൗpބڿ۪ष٢҄ق֥ᇯ҄ࡆॹ,ᇏݓࣜ࠶အaህӉބ൬ದඣ֩;º॓࿐ඌඣ;»ࣜ࠶ؿᅚඣ;აൗࢸࣜ࠶֥৳༢ᄀটᄀࣅૡ,ၘӮູൗࢸࣜ࠶҂ॖٳ۩֥၂҆ٳbၹՎ,֔ᆟਵ֝ބഠ߶۲ࢸؓݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏֥ླ൬۠ರ௹:205၂01၂15ྩ߭ರ௹:2005၂04၂05112
౦Б۽ቔ....ొي..-ֻ49जֻ9௹2(X)5୍9ᄅਈರၭᄹࡆbႮႿႨ֥ླଢ֥aМࣟބԛؿׄ҂,ၹ֥42%b»۽ሧaཨٮࡎ۬ᆷඔބߌٚ૫֥ሦ࿘ਈ,ᅝሦՎᆃᇕླ൞؟ҪՑa؟࢘؇֥b࿘ሹਈ֥҂֞ro%bႨ֥ྐ༏ླॖՙֹٳູ၂Ցྐ༏ླ(ೂࢹᄇ၂ఃႵܱഠ߶Ќᅰބڞ০ٚ૫֥ྐ༏aݓ࠽նӬ൧ބഠЧa)ؽՑྐ༏ླ(Ұ࿙၂۱ࠏܒ)ބՑྐ༏ླ(ೂ߶ࠎԤഡീ֩ٚ૫֥ྐ༏္൳֞ഠ߶۲ࢸ֥ܼܱٗᇿ,ᆃҰᅳଖ۱ᆷѓ)۱ҪՑbֻ၂aֻؽҪՑ֥ླ,ॖႮݓ࠽োྐ༏ࢠ൬ࠢ,҂ିડቀႨ֥ն҆ٳླbᇏྏଽݓ࠽࠹ሧਘ൩ડቀ;ֻҪՑ֥ླ,ླေྐ༏ܵ.ݓ࠽ᇏྏ۽ቔದჴ֥ླݓ࠽ᇏྏݓ࠽࠹ሧਘದჴࣉ၂҄ٳ༅,ಒק෬ޅᇕྐ༏ჷު,ᄜᄝ၂Ցྐ༏൩20(ё୍1ᄅؓႨቓਔ၂Ց໙जטҰ,טҰࢲݔཁൕބؽՑྐ༏֥ࠎԤഈิ܂ཌྷႋ֥ڛༀbऎุٳ༅۲ҪՑྐ(і1,)Ⴕ95%֥ದಪູ,ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླӁളႿᆯြ༏ླ൞ડቀႨྐ༏ླ֥Ⴕིࣥbླေ,ླေ֥ᇶေ൞၂Ցྐ༏ބؽՑྐ༏bᄝݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླԢ୍؇ඔऌຓ,ߎЇও࠱؇ࠇᄅ؇മ֥࿊౼ഈၹ۽ቔଽಸ҂طႵ෮ҧᇗbᇀૄ฿֥ඔऌބྐ༏bі12004୍ݓ࠽ᇏྏႨླ໙जטҰ౦ঃ..121ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླᇶุᇏྏຩᅟႋຩඔऌࣜ࠶ႄౣຩᅟሧჷܶჴࡩ࠹ᆷѓ࠹ุᇅਙൕଽಸሧჷุ༢οླᇶุ֥҂ॖٳູ࠹༢ଽࠣ࠹༢ຓਆбᇗ....(%5)0045545536436427.ն҆ٳb2ሧਘ൩ႋᄹଢඔऌඔऌ۷ྍൈᅋေϲႈᘸേज़ีሧਘႋႨెࡆڛༀଽಸ෬ࡗі෬აᆷ֝෬ંᆣ..211༢ଽླᇶุ༢ଽြༀದჴ൞ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏бᇗ...5,(%)91545500273182136.ླቋն֥ಕุ,ఃሦ࿘ਈჿᅝ༢ଽሹሦ࿘ਈ֥90%bݓ3ླေרܓ֥ݓຩᇏࣜຩౢٚൗࢸؿᅚݓ࠽ࣁವ৳ކݓᄝཌඔऌ९ᆷѓ࠹ᄅБ࠹ᄅБ࠽ᇏྏଽ҆۽ቔದჴ֥ሦ࿘ਈᅝ࠹༢ଽሹሦ࿘ਈ֥бᇗ...(%7)27727455ଯ.Ⴈࢠ؟֥ݓ࠽ቆᆮᇏ໓௹़ಆຓݓᆟکଢ९ຓ໓௹़70%,ఃസ(൧aሱᇍa)൧ࠩ࠹֥҆ሦ࿘ਈჿᅝඔऌ९ඔऌ९໓९࠹९ಆ໓९бᇗ....20%b֔ᆟਵ֥֝ሦ࿘ਈᅝ10%bႮႿᆯြླေބඔऌ֥6(%)826364O927313691ૹۋྟ,ᆃোಕุ൞০Ⴈ࠹ඔऌՖ൙ٳ༅࣮۽ቔ֥ᇶေטҰࢲݔߎཁൕ,ݓ࠽ᇏྏ۽ቔದჴ൮࿊֥ྐ༏ᄛุ൞ದჴbຩඔऌ९,ఃՑ൞ܻބႆҋਘbᄝຩඔऌ९ᇏ,..212༢ຓླᇶุᇶေ൞֔ᆟࠏܒa॓࿐࣮ࠏܒႨቋ؟֥൞ݓຩaᇏࣜຩaౢٚಆ໓ඔऌ९ބൗࢸؿބః֥҆ླbᄝᆃն҆ᇏ,֔ᆟࠏܒؓݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ᅚᆷѓඔऌ९aݓ࠽ࣁವ࠹ඔऌ९ބ৳ކݓ࠹ᄅБඔऌྐ༏֥ླቋն,ᅝ༢ຓླሹਈ֥.60%॓ࠏܒᅝ९bభ۱൞ሸކྟᇏ໓ඔऌ९,ު۱൞ݓ࠽ቆᆮඔऌ30%,ః҆ᅝ10%b९,ႮႿ۲ြༀದჴླေႨሸކྟᇏ໓ඔऌ९ބݓ࠽ቆ֔ᆟਵ֥֝҆ླᇶေ൞ູਔડቀޡܴࣜ࠶࣮ބᆮඔऌ९টࠆ౼҂ଽಸބህြ֥ྐ༏,ၹՎᄝרܓ֥ඔऌथҦ֥ླေ,Վোྐ༏ଽಸܼٗ,Ⴕնਈޡܴࣜ࠶ྐ༏ބັ९ᇏ,ᇏ໓௹़ಆ໓ඔऌ९ބݓ࠽ቆᆮඔऌ९ஆਙᄝభਆܴྐ༏b໊b॓҆ؓݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏֥ླਈ္ޓնbႵུ॓20()4୍,భສݓ࠽ᇏྏሦ࿘ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏֥Ⴕ2uXX)؟҆ҧᇗႿؓޡܴݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏֥൬ࠢaᆜაٳ༅,ႵུದՑ,აၛສ୍ࠫཌྷб,ླਈ҂؎ഈശbૄ୍୍֥Ԛaoਆ҆ᄵொᇗႿ൬࣮ࠢଖ۱ྛြ֥ൎaགྷሑ֩ྐ༏,ັܴ߶pᅺषభުa୍ᇏao၂pభުၛ୍ࠣᇔ,ླࢠູࠢᇏbྐ༏؟၂ུbᆃུྐ༏ླᅝሹุܒӮб২ཬ,ࡆ۽.23ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླหׄ؇նb୍࣍ট,ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླႵೂ༯หׄ:¹ྐ༏ླਈః҆ؓݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏֥ླਈࢠഒbᆃো҆ᇶӻ࿃ᄹӉbº؟ဢྟbݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླ؟ᇕ؟ဢ,ଽಸടေ൞۲ᇕো֥ఒ൙ြֆ໊(Їও۽ြఒြa߶࠹ഽ൙ༀ෮aࠣࣜ࠶ބഠ߶ളࠃ֥ٚٚ૫૫bྐ༏ླᇶุऎႵܼٗྟbੰഽ൙ༀ෮֩b)ఒြ҆ҧᇗັܴྐ༏֥൬ࠢaᆜაٳ»აݓଽྐ༏֥ܱ৳ྟbਔࢳݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏൞ູਔڛༀႿ༅,หљ൞oದൗpު,ఒြՖሱദؿᅚ֥࢘؇ԛؿ,ࠤླਔࢳݓଽࣜ࠶ࡹഡ,ݓଽ֥ࣜ࠶ؿᅚᄀॹ,ؓݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏֥ླაᆭཌྷܱ֥ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏;Վຓ,ੰഽ൙ༀ෮ބمჽ္ླေ္ᄀ؟b¼э߄ྟbݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླᆞෛሢݓଽࣜ࠶ਔࢳཌྷܱ֥ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏,ၛቔູϷσ֥၇ऌބሙഷbᆃোބഠ߶֥ؿᅚაࣉ҄҂؎э߄,ଽಸഈေ۷ധa۷ܼٗ,ྙྐ༏ࡆ۽ൈࡗӉa؇նbൔഈေ۷؟ဢb½ൈིྟbླᆀေିᄝቋॹ֥ൈࡗ.22ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླଽಸࠆ֤෮ླေ֥ྐ༏,Їওቋྍ֥ྐ༏b¾ሰ߄aඔሳ߄..221֔ᆟਵ֝ބഠ߶۲ࢸ֥ླݓ࠽ᇏྏ֥ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ླᄹࡆbຩྐ༏ሧჷࠣሰԛϱྐ༏ਈն,ԮѬྐ༏ሦ࿘ଽಸᇶေႵো:¹ݓނෘބؓຓસၞ,ਆཛކ؇ॹ,҂൳ൈॢཋᇅ,ࠆ౼ٚьࠣൈ,ႨؓԮ໓ངྐ༏࠹ჿᅝሦ࿘ሹਈ֥၂϶bº۽୪ြӁӁਈaದ१aࣼြa۱֥ླၘᇯࡶФሰaඔሳ߄ྐ༏෮౼սb¿ರၭҐႨ༵ࣉದཨٮᆦԛܒӮaຩ๙ྐࠣഠ߶ᆷѓ,ކ࠹ჿᅝሦ࿘ሹਈඌbྐ༏ڛༀҐႨਔቋ༵ࣉ֥ྐ༏ඌ,ೂ࠹ෘࠏඌa113
....ଢට२ཌྷ.१LIBRARYANDINFORMAT10NSERVICEo.,,ᛍber,2(X)5๙ྐඌaຩඌa؟ૂุඌ֩bস۽ሧaࢌ๙a๙ྐaҍᆟaࣁವaસၞa໓࢝aളaߌЌ֩,.24ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ሦ࿘ٚൔັܴٚ૫ᆺิ܂ఒြ50఼aచӚ۽ြ֩ᇏ໓ྐ༏,ຓ໓֥ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏֥ሦ࿘ٚൔႵགྷӆሦ࿘a߅aԮᆇބ-Eັܴྐ༏ᇶေ൞၂Ցྐ༏bՖඔਈഈु,୍࣍ট,mail֩4ᇕ,ఃᇏ,གྷӆሦ࿘෮ᅝб২ቋն,ఃՑູ߅ሦݓ࠽ᇏྏิ܂֥ྐ༏ඔਈૼཁᄹࡆb࿘aԮᆇҰ࿘ࠣE၂mailҰ࿘bࡆ۽ӮӁ֥Ⴕuݓ࠽࠹୍vauᇏݓაൗࢸࣜ࠶ؿᅚ߭ܤაᅚຬvauӉࡾބᇨࡾ࢘ᇝࠣۖϏหљྛᆟ࠹3ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ิ܂ሑঃ୍vauݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏v(϶ᄅ़a)(ૄᇛݓ࠽ࣜ࠶v(ᇛ़)֩ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ჷՖᇉਈഈु,ݓ࠽ᇏྏ୍࣍ট҂ં൞ჰྐ༏ሧჷڛݓ࠽ᇏྏ൬ҟބॖ০Ⴈ֥ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ሧჷູࠞپڶbༀaඔऌྐ༏ڛༀߎ൞ٳ༅࣮Бۡ,ᇉਈनૼཁิശbྐ.ο໓ᇕ߃ٳbႵᇏ໓ބຓ໓ྐ༏ሧჷ,ఃᇏຓ໓ྐ༏ሦ࿘ڛༀ֥ሙಒྟaಆ૫ྟaಃຯྟaൈིྟބь০ྟ္ᄝ༏ሧჷᅝᇶေֹ໊,Ԣႇ໓ྐ༏ሧჷຓ,ߎႵ֣aمaၩaರ֩҂؎ิۚb໓ሳ֥ྐ༏ሧჷbՖᄛุഈु,ิ܂֥၂Ցྐ༏ၛᆼࢺᇉބຩٚൔࢠ.οሧჷো߃ٳ,Ⴕඔऌބ໓ሳྐ༏ሧჷਆো,ඔऌ؟,ิ܂֥ؽՑྐ༏ބՑྐ༏ၛᆼࢺᇉބሰٚൔࢠ؟bྐ༏ሧჷं؟bᆼࢺᇉބࠏ၂Ցྐ༏aؽՑྐ༏ሧჷЌթᄝݓ࠽࠹ሧਘ൩,Ցྐ༏ჷٳᄝᇏྏ۲ԩbݓ࠽ᇏྏߎॖ๙ݖ৳.οᄛุྙൔ߃ٳ,Ⴕᆼࢺᇉaࠏྐ༏ބຩྐ༏ሧჷ,ఃᇏᆼࢺᇉሧჷं؟,ຩሧჷ෮ᅝб২္ᄀটᄀۚbຩิ܂ྴሧჷڛༀbՖეᇕഈु,ݓ࠽ᇏྏԢิ܂ႇaمaၩa༆aКaᇝ.οԛϱᆀ߃ٳ,Ⴕݓ࠽ቆᆮԛϱaຓݓᆟکࠇֹԛϱބݓଽԛϱ,ݓ࠽ᇏྏ০Ⴈ֥ն҆ٳԛϱ൞ݓ࠽۲ეᇕྐ༏ຓ,ߎࡆ۽նਈᇏ໓ྐ༏bቆᆮ֥ႇ໓ԛϱb4ݓ࠽ྐ༏.οൈི߃ٳ,Ⴕ҂ק௹֥ሧਘaק௹֥௹़a୍܂ླҵए֩৵࿃ԛϱ,ᇶေ୍ູބ௹़ᆃোൈྟࢠ఼֥ԛϱbྐ༏ླथקྐ༏܂۳,ྐ༏܂۳႕ཙሢྐ༏ླbࢲކݓ࠽ᇏྏ֥ऎุ౦ঃ,ૌಪູ,ᄝሧჷ֥ิ܂აླᆭ.οྐ༏ࡆ۽ӱ؇ٳ,Ⴕ၂Ցྐ༏ሧჷaؽՑྐ༏ሧჷࡗթᄝ֥໙ีႵ:¹ิ܂֥ྐ༏ധ؇ބܼ؇҂ܔ,ᇗׄྛြބՑྐ༏ሧჷb֥ັܴ࠹ྐ༏҂ಆbºሧჷุ༢ߎ҂ିປಆડቀླေྐ༏܂۳ᇶุ»ൈིྟ҂఼b൬ҟ֥ሰ໓ࡱބᄝཌඔऌ९ෙႵᄹࡆ,ྐ༏܂۳ᇶุᆷྐ༏ളӁᆀބิ܂ᆀ,Ч໓ᇶေᆷݓ࠽ߎႵնਈԛϱࣇႵႆϱ,ԛϱބ൬֞ൈᇌӉ,ྐ༏ෆࠢᇏྏ֥ြༀದჴ,Їওิ܂၂Ցྐ༏aؽՑྐ༏ބՑྐ༏ིੱ҂ۚb¼ӮЧᄹࡆb୍࣍ট,ᆼᇉ़֥רܓࡎ۬ӻ࿃֥෮Ⴕြༀದჴbഈᅨ,ሰϱሧჷࡎ۬υ,۲ᇕྐ༏ሧჷҐܓaࢌߐބႯ࠷ݓ࠽ᇏྏྐ༏ࡆ۽ᆀ֥ြༀᇉࢠۚb౼֤ණൖࠣၛӮЧन҂؎ᄹࡆb½҆ٳݓࡅ֥ྐ༏ሧჷ০Ⴈੱ҂ۚbଢഈ࿐໊ᆀᅝ72%;Ⴕۚࠩᆯӫ֥ᅝ.44%bြༀದჴၛᇏభԢਔ၂ུݓ࠽ቆᆮބૅݓaႇݓaمݓaರЧaݢݓ֩ݓԛౝ୍ູᇶ,40ෟၛ༯֥ᅝ61%,धն҆ٳᄝ30ෟၛഈ,ြༀϱ୍֥ބᄅБ০Ⴈੱࢠۚຓ,ఃݓࡅ֥ԛϱ০Ⴈੱޓඣۚ,Ⴕپڶ֥۽ቔࣜဒb֮b¾۲҆۽ቔӮݔ܋ཚ҂ܔbྐ༏ࡆ۽ದჴህြڭۂ૫ॺbህြᇶุູࣜ࠶࿐a࠹ᄝڛༀٚ૫թᄝ֥໙ีႵ:¹ྐ༏ڛༀದჴሸކᇉႵ࿐,ఃཌྷܱህြႵࠊлࣁವa߶࠹࿐a࠹ෘࠏႋႨ֩,ູՖրิۚbݓ࠽ᇏྏླေ֥൞࠻࠹ህြaྐ༏࿐,Ⴛຓ҂࢘؇࣮ބ০Ⴈݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ิ܂ਔॖିbეa࠹ෘࠏaຩࠣཌྷܱህြඌ֥ሸކದҌ,ᆃ൞ቓݺݓ.33ྐ༏ࡆ۽ބ০ႨഡС࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏۽ቔ֥ᇗေࠎԤbºྐ༏ඌႋႨ҂ܔaིੱ҂ݓ࠽ᇏྏଢభᇶေ০ႨگႆࠏaԮᆇࠏa࠹ෘࠏބຩۚb»ྐ༏ڛༀིੱႵրࣉ၂҄ิۚb࣐ܵଢభᇏྏิ܂ྐ൬ࠢބࡆ۽ྐ༏bݓ࠽࠹ඔऌ९ၘࡹӮѩದႨb༏ڛༀ֥ٚൔ؟ᇕ؟ဢ,๙ݖඔऌ९ބຩԮѬྐ༏֥௴.34ྐ༏ิ܂หׄࠣӱ؇҂ܔ,၂Ϯ൞Фֹ۱љࡆ۽a۱љڛༀb¼ྐ༏ڛༀՖଽಸഈु,ݓ࠽ᇏྏၛิ܂ࣜ࠶࠹ྐ༏ູᇶ,ՎຓᇉਈߎႵրิۚb½ഉໃඎ৫ఏಆྍູ֥൧ӆڛༀ֥bߎิ܂նਈഠ߶ྐ༏bྐ༏ሧჷᇏၛޡܴྐ༏ं؟,ັܴྐ༏ࢠഒbაݓຓᆟکބݓ࠽ቆᆮࢌߐ൬֥ࠢ၂Ցྐ༏္ն5ؓҦაࡹၰ҆ٳ൞ޡܴྐ༏,ࡆ۽֥ؽՑaՑྐ༏္ၛޡܴྐ༏ູᇶbՖህြഈु,ࠫެିิ܂෮Ⴕਵთ֥ޡܴྐ༏,ೂದ१aູਔ۷ݺֹؿߨݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏֥ቔႨ,༯૫ิԛࣉ၂҄114
౦Б۽ቔ...߂्ྙۮ...ֻ49जֻ9௹2(X)5୍9ᄅປྐ༏ڛༀ۽ቔ֥ऎุծീbഡ৫ᆀࡩণଢ֩ٚൔਔࢳ҂Ⴈ֥ྐ༏ླb...51ڿሧჷܵ,ᆜކݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ሧჷ524๙ݖ҂ٚൔࡆ఼ྐ༏ܼބԮѬॖᄝݓࡅ࠹ေ۞ݺྐ༏ሧჷࡹഡ,ሧჷ֥൬ࠢᆜ۽ቔсྶაರӈअଽຩބຓຩഈູഠ߶۲ࢸิ܂ݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ሧჷ֝ݴڛ۽ቔa॓ބܵ۽ቔࣅૡࢲކbༀ,ࡨഒྐ༏ሦ࿘ᇏࡗᇛሇߌࢫ,ᆰࢤაႨࢌੀ,ഥބٳਅݺ֥ܶҟࢲܒ൞ྐ༏ሧჷࡹഡ֥ఏׄ,္൞ቓݺರӈੀݓ࠽ᇏྏ֥ྐ༏ሦ࿘ြༀ,ࡨഒ҆ٳ۽ቔਈ,ิིۚੱb۽ቔaٳ༅࣮֥భิbႋࡹ৫ၛ࠹࿐ູނྏ֥ҟ࿐॓.53ࡆ఼ྐ༏ඌ֥ႋႨࢲܒbᄝህีྐ༏ඔਈaᇕaো֩ٚ૫ղ֞ࢠ֥ۚྐ༏ູਔิۚྐ༏ෆࠢaᆜࡆ۽ބԮѬڛༀི֥ੱ,ࢠݺЌᅰੱbֹൌགྷཟིၭڛༀ֥ሇ,ඔऌ९ႋൌགྷචე(ݱეaႇᄝຩߌ༯,ྐ༏ླᇶุaଽಸaٚൔ.ࢲܒ֩ٚ૫ე)֥෬ބൻԛۿିbྐ༏ෆࠢބࡆ۽ದჴႋקཟ༯ᄛބनӯགྷԛ؟ჭ߄หׄ,ྐ༏ሧჷࡹഡေൡႋᆃᇕྙ൝,сྶሱ༯ᄛ҆ٳ࠹ྐ༏ބ࣮ٳ༅ሧਘ,ิۚྐ༏ෆིࠢࣉྛ؟ჭ߄ሸކࡹഡ,ކᇂགྷൌܶҟބྴܶҟ,ਆੱbൈ,఼߄ٳোྐ༏֥ෆࠢބࡆ۽,ၛЌթൎሧਘ,՜ᆀ܋ؿᅚ,ѩႨ҂ٚൔ؟࢘؇ࢣൕགྷൌܶҟބྴܶࣉ۲োҕॉሧਘ֥ຩ܋ཚbҟbೂ๙ݖࡹ৫ሰ௹़֝ݴ༢aඔऌ९֝ݴ༢֩,ࠢ.54ิۚሱദᇉ,ᄹ఼ྐ༏ڛༀି৯Ӯຩ߄ڛༀሧჷ;ᇗׄ࿊౼ඔऌᇉਈݺaᛍফބࡆ۽ٚьགྷսྐ༏ඌ֥ႋႨࠆ֤ބ০Ⴈྐ༏ሧჷ֥ି৯ཁ֥ຩඔऌ९ูսൈིྟҵ֥ႆሧਘbൡ؇ᄹרຩ֤ᄀটᄀᇗေ,ၹՎ,ႋ୭৯ิۚ۽ቔದჴ֥ြༀඣ,ᆃ൞ϱಆ໓ඔऌ९,ࡆ఼ؓರӈ۽ቔބज़ี࣮ླေ֥ᇏຓ໓Мิ܂Ⴊᇉྐ༏ڛༀaቓݺݓ࠽ࣜ࠶ྐ༏ڛༀ۽ቔ֥ܱbࣟሧਘ֥ෆࠢ۽ቔ֩bҕॉ໓ང:,52ڿؓຓڛༀܵ1աზౡ.ંܶຩሧჷ֥ᆜކ.౦Бሧਘ۽ቔᇝX6(:4)47၂48ڿؓຓڛༀ,ॖՖၛ༯ࠫٚ૫ሢ൭:2ݒ࣑ԅ.ݓඔሳҕॉሦ࿘ڛༀ֥གྷሑބؿᅚ൝.౦Бሧਘ۽..521ิ܂ሰሦ࿘ބሱᇹሦ࿘ᆃ൞ঔնڛༀٓຶ֥Ⴕቔ,2003(3:)26၂xgི൭؍bሰሦ࿘ॖӑᄀൈॢཋᇅ,ิ܂ࠣൈॹࢮ֥ڛༀ,ሦ3ୂѯ,ਪ.ંܶڛༀ֥۪ྍაᇗܒ.ܶᄖᆽ,201࿘ࢲݔॖቔູၛު߭ճোර໙ี֥၇ऌbሱᇹሦ࿘ႵᇹႿႨ(l):11၂13ሱᇶປӮྐ༏෬ބ༯ᄛ,ࡨഒྐ༏ڛༀ֥ದ৯ದb4ᅵ༡Џ.ඔሳܶሧჷቆᆮ.౦Б۽ቔ,203(3:၂)76805..ޅཬౢ.ඔሳ߄ܶҟሧჷ֥؟ҪՑࢣൕ.ܶᄖᆽ,2:03(7)26522ࡹ৫ၛႨູᇏྏ֥ٳোڛༀุ༢,ᄹ఼ڛༀ֥ᆌ၂28ؓྟބᇶྟࡹ৫ྐ༏ڛༀದჴބႨࡗ֥ຩ๙౻6ઔٮӮ,߆.Ұ༵ࣉ֩.ྐ༏ࣜ࠶࿐.ݱ:ݱն࿐ԛϱഠ,֡,ਔࢳႨ֥҂ྐ༏ླౠཟ,ࡹ৫ၛႨູ֝ཟ֥ڛ1997:224၂227ༀุ༢,ູิۚڛༀᆌؓྟބᇉਈิ܂၇ऌb7྆ᆽቑ.ܶቋࡄҕॉሦ࿘ڛༀଆൔฐ༅.ܶᄖᆽ.2(X)3..523ࡆ఼ႨླטҰႨླෛࣜ࠶ؿᅚطэ߄,(5:)]9၂21ၹՎ,ႨླטҰ൞၂ᇕቋࡥֆၞྛ֥ٚൔ,ॖၛҐ౼Ⴈ8Ⴥґ༩.൫༅౦БႨྐ༏ླ֥э߄.གྷս౦Бᚥ१(:2)18၂ࡆק௹໙जטҰaຩഈі۬טҰ֩ٚൔषᅚᆃཛ۽ቔbߎॖqቔᆀࡥࢺ)ဗࣘႇ,୯,1953୍ള,ۚࠩ࠹ഽ,ؿіં໓࣍Ϥbႃཫ࣡,୯,1968୍ള,ܶჴ,ؿі໓4b఼,ଳ,1963୍ള,ۚࠩ࠹ഽ,ؿіં໓soჅbཬဉ,୯,1965୍ള,ᇹטჴ,ؿіં໓4bݒၬ,ଳ,1971୍ള,ᇶ॓ჴ,ؿіં໓2b(ഈࢤֻ91်)YorkؽACMPress,196:42၂&Manᅲemen,,.199531(l:)lӧקಃ.Webࢲܒड࣮.౦Бંაൌ,,20326(l):59၂၂:ط-WebComӧྍᇏ֩.webड࣮.࠹ෘࠏ۽ӱაႋႨ,202(13):-42PuterNetworkandISDNSyate,m,199729(8၂13:)1205၂ࠧ.ingIn:-d֩.ࠎႿWebड֥ᇆିෆ෬ႄౣ֥࣮.࠹ෘࠏ.ingsofHԊerten,xt967AeMeoພreneeonHypertextNew۽ӱაႋႨ,20()2(4:)34၂36[ቔᆀࡥࢺrݓ೦,ଳ,1950୍ള,ܶჴ,ؿіં໓10Ⴥb115
