?캬웕톶 ꆤ.3??6.ꆤ? 죋人샠类릤工킧效学톧?2?0?08?쓪年?8퓂月뗚第?1?4뻭卷뗚第?3웚期?컄文章헂编뇠号뫅:ꎺ?1?0?0?6ꆪ-?8?3?0?9 ?(2??0?0?8)? ?0?3?-0?0?3?6?-0?5? 죋人力솦资本놾与폫职횰业튵流쇷动뚯的뗄关맘系쾵研퇐究뺿:ꎺ짧社믡会资놾本的뗄角뷇色즫?럻符붡健뒺春?ꎬ付뢶萍욼?2?(?1ꎮ헣.붭浙듳江大톧学탄心샭理폫与탐行캪为科뿆学톧系쾵，ꎬ몼杭州훝??31??0?02?8?;ꎻ2?.ꎮ广맣东뚫쯉松山즽职횰业튵技벼术쫵学톧院풺，ꎬ맣广뚫东韶짘关맘??51??21?2?6? )? 摘햪要튪:ꎺ놾本컄文횼旨퓚在뾼考달察짧社믡会资놾本퓚在죋人솦力资놾本펰影쿬响풱员릤工횰职튵业쇷流뚯动맽过돌程훐中뗄的ퟷ作폃用믺机훆制。ꆣ춨通맽过뛔对?4볒家?I?T웳企业튵的뗄??1?57?名쏻员풱工릤뷸进行탐社짧会믡网췸络싧测닢量솿和뫍问컊卷뻭测닢量솿，ꎬ뷡结맻果랢发现쿖，ꎬ횰职뇰别뫍和죎任웚期뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动폐有쿔显著훸的뗄影펰响쿬，ꎬ짧社믡会资놾本퓚在횰职뇰别?影펰响쿬职횰튵业流쇷动뚯的뗄过맽程돌中훐起웰完췪全좫中훐介뷩作ퟷ用폃;ꎻ뷌教폽育쮮水욽平폫与죎任웚期뛔对횰职튵业流쇷动뚯的뗄影펰响쿬受쫜到떽社짧会믡资本놾的뗄缓뮺冲돥作ퟷ用폃影펰响쿬，ꎬ?教뷌育폽水쮮욽平在퓚高룟짧社믡会资놾本쳵条볾件쿂下뇈比퓚在뗍低짧社믡会资놾本쳵条볾件쿂下对뛔职횰业튵流쇷动뚯的뗄积믽极벫影펰响쿬更룼大듳，ꎬ죎任웚期퓚在룟高짧社믡会资本놾条쳵件볾?下쿂比뇈在퓚뗍低社짧会믡资本놾条쳵件볾下쿂对뛔职횰业튵流쇷动뚯的뗄消쿻极벫影펰响쿬更룼明쏷显쿔。ꆣ结뷡果맻说쮵明쏷，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的펰影쿬响쫇是→튻种훖复뢴杂퓓?关맘系쾵，ꎬ짧社믡会资놾本?在횰职ꆢ业?쇷流뚯动훐中웰起ퟅ着맘关键볼的뗄作ퟷ폃用ꆣO?关맘键볼词듊:ꎺ죋人솦}J资本놾;ꎻ짧社믡会资놾本;ꎻ횰职튵业쇷流뚯动;ꎻ맜管샭理뺭经볃济탄心샭理学톧?훐中图춼分럖类샠号뫅:ꎺ?C?9?31?.ꎮ 3? ;ꎺ ?B?8?4 ?컄文献쿗识쪶别뇰码싫ꎺ:?A??1? 틽引言퇔?좻然年쓪龄쇤越풽大듳知횪识쪶经뺭验퇩也튲越풽丰럡富뢻，ꎬ떫但쓪年쟡轻뗄的员풱工릤比뇈?在퓚人죋才닅竞뺺争헹?H?趋쟷激벤烈쇒的뗄背놳景뺰下쿂，ꎬ횰职튵业流쇷动뚯已틑?年쓪뎤长的뗄员풱工릤更룼可뿉能쓜投춶入죫较뷏多뛠的뗄时쪱间볤和뫍精뺫力솦来살增퓶加볓?成돉캪为人죋力솦资源풴管맜理샭研퇐뺿究中훐的뗄一튻个룶重훘要튪话뮰题쳢。ꆣ以틔往췹?自ퟔ벺己뗄的쪤胜任죎力솦，ꎬ늢并쟒且춶投죫入뗄的믘回놨报튲也룼更高룟?川ꆣO可뿉见볻，ꎬ?研퇐究뺿主훷要튪关맘注힢性탔别뇰、ꆢ뷌教育폽水쮮平욽、ꆢ쓪年쇤龄뗈等죋人口뿚춳统计볆学톧?年쓪龄쇤与폫人죋솦力资本놾并늢非럇简볲单떥线쿟性탔关맘系쾵，ꎬ쓪年쇤龄폫与횰职튵业流쇷?变뇤솿量뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的펰影쿬响?其ꎬ웤中훐嵌잶套쳗了쇋人죋力솦资本놾?动뚯的뗄关맘系쾵可뿉能쓜受쫜到떽多뛠重훘效킧果맻的뗄相쿠互뮥影펰响쿬而뛸不늻显쿔著훸。ꆣ?对뛔职횰튵业流쇷动뚯的뗄影펰响쿬研퇐究뺿cꆣ而뛸社짧믡会资本놾引틽入죋到떽职횰业튵?然좻而뛸，ꎬ횰职튵业쇷流뚯动늻不뷶仅仅뷶由평人죋力솦资本놾决뻶定뚨，ꎬ还뮹受쫜?流쇷뚯动研퇐究뺿쇬领域폲，ꎬ퓲则쫇是짧社믡会资놾本펰影쿬响짧社믡会쇷流动뚯볙假设짨?到떽社짧会믡资本놾的影뗄响펰1쿬9?:ꆣL?e?e?n?d?e?r?s?和뫍?Ga?b?b?a?y?[ꆧI?OJ认죏?뗄的自ퟔ然좻퇓延伸짬。ꆣ随쯦着ퟅ智훇力솦资本놾概룅念쓮的뗄出돶现쿖，ꎬ整헻뫏合人죋?为캪죋人力솦资本놾与폫社짧会믡资本놾是쫇因틲果맻关맘系쾵，ꎬ룶个人죋所쯹拥펵有폐?力솦资本놾与폫짧社会믡资本놾的뗄研퇐究뺿，ꎬ듓从뛸而첽探쳖讨죋人솦力资本놾与폫?的뗄탅信쾢息和뫍知횪쪶识与폫所쯹处뒦社짧会믡网췸络싧的뗄地뗘位캻正횹相쿠关맘，ꎬ并늢?社짧믡会资本놾间컊的뗄内쓚在퓚关맘系쾵已틑돉成为캪智훇力솦资本놾理샭论싛发랢展햹?通춨过맽影펰响쿬他쯻人죋而뛸增퓶加볓社짧会믡资本놾。ꆣ处뒦在퓚社짧会믡网췸络싧中훐?뗄的튻一种훖탨需튪要，ꎬ튲也캪为횰职튵业쇷流뚯动퇐研뺿究쳡提릩供了쇋룼更广맣阔삫的뗄?心탄캻位置훃的뗄人죋，ꎬ쯦随ퟅ着쪱时볤间뗄的퓶增뎤长쓜能믽积샛累릤工作ퟷ任죎务컱相쿠?思쮼路슷框뿲架볜cꆣ?关맘的뗄知횪识쪶和뫍有폐效킧的뗄解뷢决뻶方랽案낸。ꆣ这헢不늻仅뷶有폐助훺于폚提쳡高룟?人죋力솦资本놾的뗄观맛点뗣认죏为캪，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本的뗄볛价值횵来살源풴?解뷢决뻶问컊题쳢的뗄效킧率싊，ꎬ뛸而쟒且평由폚于죋人쏇们뛔对췸网싧络中훐心탄位캻置훃?于폚人죋们쏇对뛔知횪识쪶、ꆢ벼技쓜能、ꆢ쓜能솦力뗈等랽方쏦面的뗄投춶入죫?[2Jꎬ而뛸人죋?的뗄人죋쯹所提쳡릩供的뗄建붨议틩和뫍帮냯助훺的뗄依틀赖삵，ꎬ헢这킩些릤工作ퟷ相쿠关맘?力솦资本놾的뗄投춶入죫对뛔个룶人죋的뗄职횰业튵结뷡果맻是쫇关맘键볼的뗄，ꎬ因틲为캪?的뗄知횪쪶识和뫍问컊쳢题解뷢뻶决方랽案낸成돉了쇋与폫他쯻人죋交붻换뮻的뗄宝놦贵맳资?人죋솦力资놾本춶投죫入풽越뛠多뗄的人죋能쓜够릻更룼好뫃的뗄发랢展햹职횰业튵专?源풴ꆧ[I?IJꎬ所쯹以틔，ꎬ뒦处퓚在짧社믡会췸网싧络中훐心탄位캻置훃的뗄人죋，ꎬ펵拥有폐更룼?长뎤，ꎬ퓶增볓加릤工ퟷ作킧效쓜能，ꎬ틲因듋此쓜能듓从짏上벶级믲或ퟩ组횯织뗃得떽到믽积极벫?多뛠的뗄짧社会믡资本놾更룼容죝易틗获믱得뗃提쳡升짽机믺会믡，ꎬ짧社会믡资本놾与폫?뗄믘놨ꎬ냼삨쳡짽?ꆣ뷌폽쮮욽랴펳쇋죋솦놾?提쳡升짽正헽相쿠关맘?[1?2.?13?J?。ꆣ由평于폚人죋力솦资本놾、ꆢ짧社믡会资本놾都뚼与的回报，包括提升仄C教育水平反映了人力资本폫?的뗄춶投入죫程돌度뛈，ꎬ뷌教폽育쮮水욽平高룟的뗄人죋具뻟有폐更룼多뛠的뗄知횪识쪶，ꎬ通춨?职횰业튵流쇷动뚯正헽相쿠关맘，ꎬ뛸而쟒且人죋力솦资本놾又폖影펰响쿬社짧会믡资本놾，ꎬ?常뎣比뇈其웤他쯻人죋做ퟶ得뗃更룼好뫃，ꎬ틲因듋此펵拥폐有룼更多뛠的뗄提쳡升짽机믺?按내照헕B?a?r?on?和뫍K?e?n??n?/?叫??关맘于폚中훐介뷩作ퟷ用폃检볬验퇩的뗄逻싟?会믡?川。ꆣ职횰别뇰뫍和죎任웚期쫇是죋人솦力资놾本춶投入죫的뗄另쇭一튻种훖形탎?辑벭，ꎬ컒我쏇们죏认캪为짧社믡会资놾本뿉可쓜能쫇是죋人솦力资本놾影펰响쿬职횰业튵?式쪽，ꎬ횰职뇰别풽越룟高믲或任죎期웚越풽长뎤的뗄人죋，ꎬ经뺭验퇩越풽丰럡富뢻，ꎬ岗룚位캻?流쇷动뚯的뗄中훐介뷩变뇤量솿。ꆣ?专长뎤越풽突춻出돶，ꎬ늢并쟒且풽越쓜能믱获뗃得릫公쮾司쳘特폐有뗄的经뺭历샺和뫍文컄?另쇭一튻方랽面쏦，ꎬ짧社믡会췸网싧络훐中쯹所뒦处캻位훃置的뗄늻不同춬可뿉能쓜?化뮯，ꎬ풽越쓜能룼更뫃好뗄的샭理뷢解公릫司쮾，ꎬ헢这킩些뚼都붫将퓶增볓加랢发햹展的뗄机믺?导떼致훂人죋们쏇利샻用폃人죋力솦资本놾方랽式쪽的뗄不늻同춬。ꆣ处뒦在퓚社짧会믡网췸?会믡问??，ꎬ폫与횰职튵业쇷流뚯动헽正相쿠关맘?[6，?7]?Oꆣ此듋外췢，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本研퇐?络싧中훐心탄位캻置훃的뗄人죋更룼可뿉能쓜利샻用폃网췸络싧未살获믱得뗃表뇭现쿖专长뎤?究뺿还뮹关맘注힢年쓪龄쇤这헢种훖天쳬然좻的뗄人죋力솦资本놾投춶入죫形탎式쪽。ꆣ虽쯤?和뫍知횪识쪶的뗄机믺会믡阳?，ꎬ듓从뛸而퓶增加볓쳡提升짽的뗄机믺会믡。ꆣ人죋力솦资?基믹金뷰项쿮目쒿:ꎺ헣浙붭江듳大톧学죋人文틥社짧科뿆强잿所쯹项쿮目쒿(??20?2??20?6?5?8?1?1?0?1? )? ;ꎻ뷌教폽育늿部늩博쪿士톧学뿆科뗣点专쿮项뿆科퇐研基믹金뷰项쿮目쒿(??20?0??60?3?3?5?1?2??7)?作ퟷ者헟简볲介뷩:ꎺ럻符健붡春뒺(?1?9?7?9?一튻)?.ꎬ쓐男ꎬ，헣浙붭江쇺龙폎游죋人ꎬ，늩博쪿士퇐研뺿究짺生，ꎬ퇐研뺿究랽方向쿲:ꎺퟩ组횯织行탐为캪与폫决뻶策닟，ꎬ(?뗧电话뮰)?0?5?7?1? -튻8?8?2??75?2?6?8? (?뗧电?子ퟓ邮폊箱쿤)?与?c??h?2?0?0?2?@1?6?3?.ꎮ c?o?m??cꆣ ?
캬웕톶 .37. 人죋类샠工릤效킧学톧2?0?0?8?年쓪8?月퓂第뗚1?4?苍뻭第뗚3?期웚?ꆤ??ꆤ?本놾相쿠同춬的뗄人죋，ꎬ죧如맻果뒦处퓚在社짧会믡网췸络싧的뗄中훐心탄位캻置훃，ꎬ往췹往췹?我컒报놨告룦的뗄方랽式쪽测닢量솿。ꆣ其웤中훐，ꎬ죎任웚期쫇是횸指岗룚位캻上짏的뗄任죎?能쓜够릻得뗃到떽更룼多뛠的뗄发랢展햹机믺会믡;ꎻ뛸而뒦处퓚在짧社믡会网췸络싧的뗄边뇟?职횰时쪱间볤，ꎬ횰职뇰别쫇是횸指岗룚位캻的뗄性탔质훊，ꎬ럖分캪为맜管샭理뫍和非럇管맜理샭?缘풵，ꎬ벴即쪹使펵拥폐有룼更룟高的뗄学톧历샺或믲者헟职횰别뇰，ꎬ튲也뷏较쓑难取좡得뗃更룼?岗룚位캻两솽类샠，ꎬ뷌教폽育쮮水욽平듓从뗍低떽到룟高틀依듎次럖分为캪大듳专及벰以틔?好뫃的뗄职횰业튵结뷡果맻。ꆣ因틲此듋，ꎬ짧社믡会资놾本폖又뿉可쓜能在퓚人죋力솦资?下쿂、ꆢ놾本뿆科ꆢ、쮶硕쪿士뫍和늩博쪿士쯄四룶个뗈等벶级ꆣ。뗚第뛾二늿部럖分쫇是社짧会믡?本놾影펰响쿬职횰业튵流쇷动뚯的뗄过맽程돌中훐扮냧演퇝缓뮺冲돥变뇤量솿的뗄角뷇色즫Oꆣ?资本놾닢测솿量。ꆣ짧社믡会资놾本被놻操닙作ퟷ化뮯为캪社짧会믡网췸络싧中훐心탄?尽뺡管맜以틔往췹研퇐究뺿发랢现쿖人죋力솦资本놾与폫社짧会믡资本놾对뛔职횰?度뛈，ꎬ닉采폃用짧社믡会췸网络싧测닢量솿法램进뷸行탐测닢量솿[ꆧ叫?，ꎬ쿲向놻被뗷调查닩?业튵流쇷动뚯都뚼有폐影펰响쿬，ꎬ떫但짧社믡会资놾本퓚在죋人솦力资本놾펰影响쿬职횰?者헟询톯问컊"ꆰ맘关폚于릤工ퟷ作相쿠关맘的뗄事쫂情쟩，ꎬ쓣你通춨常뎣会믡向쿲谁쮭(?公릫?业튵流쇷动뚯过맽程돌中훐的뗄角뷇色즫尚짐未캴明쏷确좷，ꎬ因틲此듋，ꎬ죋人솦力资本놾对뛔?司쮾内쓚成돉员풱)?톰寻쟳求냯帮훺助或믲者헟建붨议틩?ꆱ"ꎬ튪要쟳求쎿每位캻被놻调뗷?职횰业튵流쇷动뚯的뗄影펰响쿬机믺制훆也튲就뻍需탨要튪进뷸一튻步늽的뗄研퇐究뺿。ꆣ?查닩者헟尽뺡可뿉能쓜多뛠得뗃列쇐出돶名쏻单떥。ꆣ然좻后뫳计볆算쯣出돶每쎿个룶人죋的뗄?J?u?d?g?e?等뗈[ꆧ15?J认죏为캪，ꎬ틔以췹往퇐研뺿究훐中볬检퇩验펰影响쿬因틲素쯘与폫职횰?网췸络싧中훐心탄度뛈，ꎬ틔以췸网싧络훐中탄心뛈度뗄的룟高뗍低랴反映펳社짧会믡资本놾?业튵结뷡果맻之횮间볤复뢴杂퓓关맘系쾵的뗄研퇐究뺿几벸乎뫵没쎻有폐，ꎬ迫웈切쟐需탨要튪?的뗄高룟低뗍。ꆣ第뗚三죽部늿分럖是쫇职횰业튵流쇷动뚯测닢量솿，ꎬ以틔发랢展햹潜잱力솦?在퓚同춬튻一룶个퇐研뺿究中훐볬检퇩验뛠多룶个펰影쿬响틲因쯘素폫与횰职튵业뷡结果맻的뗄关맘?作ퟷ为캪测닢量솿指횸标뇪，ꎬ采닉用폃7?点뗣评움价볛，ꎬ1?分럖表뇭示쪾"ꆰ벸几乎뫵没쎻?系쾵。ꆣ맊故뛸而，ꎬ놾本퇐研뺿究쫔试춼图퓚在춬同튻一룶个퇐研뺿究훐中뾼考달察죋人솦力资?有폐潜잱力솦"ꆱ，ꎬ7?分럖表뇭示쪾"ꆰ잱潜솦力非럇常뎣高룟ꆱoꆣ?Fr?i?e?d?ma?n?和뫍?놾뛔횰튵쇷뚯뗄펰쿬믺훆ꎬퟅ훘볬퇩짧믡놾퓚듋?K?r?a?c?k?h?a?rd?t[?9]认죏为캪以틔发랢展햹潜잱力솦作ퟷ为캪组ퟩ织횯内쓚职횰业튵流本对职业流动的影响机制，着重检验社会资本在此쇷?过맽程돌中훐发랢挥믓的뗄作ퟷ用폃，ꎬ틔以웚期퓚在췘拓햹展횰职튵业쇷流뚯动퇐研뺿究的뗄基믹?动뚯的뗄测닢量솿具뻟有폐很뫜多뛠优폅势쫆，ꎬ뿉可틔以뇜避쏢免횰职뇰别的뗄混믬杂퓓效킧?础뒡上짏，ꎬ럡丰뢻富훇智솦力资놾本内쓚在퓚成돉份럝之횮间볤关맘系쾵的뗄研퇐究뺿。ꆣ?应펦，ꎬ틲因듋此ꎬ，놾本컄文튲也닉采폃用랢发햹展잱潜솦力ퟷ作캪为횰职튵业流쇷动뚯的뗄测닢?2? 方랽法램?量솿。ꆣ第뗚四쯄部늿分럖是쫇控뿘制훆变뇤量솿的뗄测닢量솿。ꆣ?2?.ꎮ1? 调뗷查닩方랽法램与폫样퇹本놾?2?.ꎮ3? 施쪩测닢?采닉用폃整헻群좺抽돩样퇹的뗄方랽式쪽，ꎬ틔以헽正쪽式풱员릤工죋人数쫽在퓚3?0??测닢量솿工릤具뻟的뗄第뗚一튻、ꆢ뗚第뛾二뫍和뗚第쯄四늿部分럖由평企웳业튵员풱?ꆫ-5?0?人죋之횮间볤为캪标뇪准ힼ，ꎬ톡选좡取맣广훝州地뗘区쟸的뗄I?T公릫司쮾4??工릤填쳮写킴，ꎬ뗚第죽三늿部럖分평由풱员工릤的뗄l?位캻上짏级벶主훷管맜和뫍1?位캻?家볒，ꎬ돽除릫公쮾司뗄的뢱副ퟜ总뺭经샭理틔以짏上룟高맜管죋人풱员늻不닎参폫与研퇐究뺿?죋人事쫂主훷管맜分럖别뇰评움分럖ꆣO?횮之外췢，ꎬ웤其쯻他헽正쪽式풱员工릤共릲1??57?죋人成돉为캪本놾研퇐究뺿的뗄样퇹本놾。ꆣ?2?.ꎮ4? 数쫽据뻝处뒦理샭与폫统춳计볆?样퇹本놾中훐男쓐性탔?1?08?人죋，ꎬ얮女탔性?49?죋人;ꎻ틑已믩婚?11??4人죋，ꎬ캴未믩婚?놾本研퇐究뺿中훐，ꎬ횰职뇰别、ꆢ탔性뇰别뫍和믩婚틶姻ힴ状뿶况뇠编싫码캪为탩虚拟쓢??43?人죋;ꎻ쓪年쇤龄뷩介于폚2?2?-ꆫ5?3?岁쯪之횮间볤，ꎬ욽平뻹均쓪年龄쇤?2?7.ꎮ2?8??뇤变量솿，ꎬ뷌教폽育쮮水욽平틲因캪为分럖成돉了쇋4?个룶及벰以틔上짏的뗄等뗈级벶，ꎬ所쯹?쯪岁;ꎻ맜管샭理룚岗位캻?30?죋人，ꎬ럇非맜管샭理룚岗位캻?12?7?人죋;ꎻ죎任웚期在퓚?以틔当떱ퟷ作솬连탸续뇤变量솿来살뒦处理샭。ꆣ职횰튵业流쇷动뚯以틔两솽名쏻评움价볛者헟?0?.ꎮ5? -ꆫ6?쓪年之횮间볤，ꎬ욽平均뻹3?.ꎮ5??6年쓪;ꎻ듳大专벰及틔以쿂下톧学샺历1?5?人죋，ꎬ?的뗄욽平뻹均럖分뇭表示쪾。ꆣ社짧会믡网췸络싧中훐心탄度뛈的뗄计볆算쯣，ꎬ则퓲首쫗先쿈?本놾뿆科学톧历샺8?3?人죋，ꎬ쮶硕쪿士톧学샺历4??0죋人，ꎬ늩博쪿士톧学샺历1?9人죋。ꆣ?믹基于폚样퇹本놾人죋员풱规맦模쒣的뗄大듳小킡进뷸行탐标뇪准ힼ化뮯，ꎬ然좻后뫳使쪹用폃?2?ꎮ.2? 变뇤솿量与폫测닢量솿工릤具뻟??UC??IM??E?T ?I?V软죭件볾进뷸탐行볆计算쯣。ꆣ놾本퇐研뺿究퓋运用폃相쿠맘关分럖析컶和뫍?本놾研퇐究뺿的뗄自ퟔ变뇤量솿为캪人죋力솦资本놾，ꎬ훐中뷩介믲或뮺缓冲돥变뇤?分럖层닣回믘归맩分럖析컶等뗈统춳计볆方랽法램，ꎬ뻹均在퓚S??PS?S??l?Oꎮ.?0中훐进뷸行탐。ꆣ?量솿为캪社짧会믡资本놾，ꎬ뿘控制훆变뇤量솿包냼括삨性탔别뇰、ꆢ婚믩姻틶状ힴ况뿶，ꎬ职횰?3? 뷡结맻果与폫分럖析컶?业튵流쇷动뚯为캪因틲变뇤量솿。ꆣ?3?.ꎮ 1? 各룷变뇤量솿的뗄描쏨쫶述统춳计볆和뫍相쿠关맘分럖析컶?닢测量솿工릤具뻟냼包括삨四쯄个룶늿部分럖。ꆣ第뗚一튻部늿分럖是쫇人죋力솦资?各룷变뇤量솿的뗄平욽均뻹数쫽、ꆢ뇪标ힼ准닮差벰及웤其쿠相맘关쾵系쫽数见볻뇭表?10ꆣ?本놾测닢量솿，ꎬ냼包삨括年쓪龄쇤、ꆢ뷌教폽育水쮮平욽、ꆢ죎任웚期和뫍职횰别뇰，ꎬ뻹均以틔自ퟔ?뇭表1?各룷变뇤量솿的뗄描쏨述쫶统춳计볆和뫍相쿠关맘分럖析컶?变量x 2 3 4 5 6 7 1性别 2婚姻 3年龄 ’ ’ 4教育 1. 12 一职别 ’ .. 6任期 1. 36 一’ " " 7社会资本 O. 15 O. 11 事 8职业流动 事O. 14 O. 10 O. 19事 ’* 注힢:ꎺ탔性뇰别ꆢ、믩婚틶姻ힴ状뿶况ꆢ、횰职뇰别뇠编싫码캪为탩虚쓢拟뇤变量솿，ꎬ웤其中훐，ꎬ쓐男탔性뇠编싫码为캪?1ꎬ，얮女탔性뇠编싫码캪为?0;ꎻ틑已믩婚编뇠码싫为캪?1ꎬ，캴未믩婚뇠编싫码为캪?0;ꎻ맜管샭理职횰?캻位뇠编码싫为캪?1ꎬ，럇非맜管샭理횰职캻位뇠编싫码为캪?0ꆣ????ꎮ??ꎬ????ꎮ??ꆣ?0*P<, * *P< 평由뇭表?1뿉可知횪，ꎬ횰职뇰别、ꆢ짧社믡会资놾本ꆢ、탔性뇰别폫与횰职튵业쇷流?뚯动폐有쿔显훸著的뗄헽正相쿠关맘，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本뗄的웤其쯻他뇤变솿量与폫职횰业튵?
캬웕톶 ꆤ.3?8? ꆤ ?人죋类샠工릤效킧学톧2?∞??8?年쓪8?月퓂第뗚?1?4卷뻭第뗚3?期웚?쇷流动뚯没쎻폐有显쿔著훸쿠相关맘，ꎬ쫜受떽到뮺缓돥冲뇤变솿量뗄的펰影쿬响可뿉能쓜是쫇??3ꎮ.2? 分럖层닣回믘归맩分럖析컶?其웤中훐的뗄一튻个룶原풭因틲。ꆣ此듋外췢，ꎬ表뇭1?中훐죋人力솦资本놾各룷变뇤量솿?以틔췹往퇐研뺿究对뛔죋人力솦资本놾与폫社짧会믡资本놾的뗄关맘系쾵，ꎬ以틔?之횮间볤的뗄相쿠关맘系쾵数쫽中훐仅뷶年쓪龄쇤与폫职횰别뇰、ꆢ뷌教폽育쮮水平욽与폫任죎?及벰人죋力솦资本놾影펰响쿬职횰业튵流쇷动뚯过맽程돌中훐社짧会믡资本놾所쯹扮냧演퇝?期웚、ꆢ횰职뇰别폫与죎任期웚3?个룶相쿠关맘系쾵数쫽达듯到떽显쿔著훸水쮮平욽，ꎬ其웤中훐?뗄的角뷇즫色쎻没有폐뗃得到떽清쟥晰컺一튻致훂的뗄回믘答듰，ꎬ놾本퇐研뺿究춨通过맽分럖?教뷌育폽水쮮平욽与폫任죎期웚之횮间볤还뮹是쫇负뢺相쿠关맘，ꎬ뇭表明쏷죋人力솦资本놾?层닣回믘归맩럖分析컶来살考뾼察달社짧会믡资本놾在퓚人죋力솦资本놾影펰响쿬职횰业튵?룷各돉成份럝的뗄同춬质훊性탔较뷏低뗍，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本뛔对횰职튵业쇷流动뚯的뗄影펰?쇷流动뚯过맽程돌中훐的뗄作ퟷ用폃机믺制훆，ꎬ럖分컶析뷡结맻果볻见表뇭2?0ꆣ?쿬响맘关系쾵也튲可뿉能쓜因틲此듋而뛸比뇈较뷏复뢴杂퓓。ꆣ?뇭表2?人죋力솦资本놾、ꆢ짧社믡会资놾本뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的럖分닣层回믘맩归分럖析컶?职业流动第一步(β)第二步(β)第三步(β)第四步(β)第五步(β)控制变量性别 * * O. 11 婚姻 人力资本年龄 教育 * * *事职别 事*任期* * 拿事串串社会资本 * * 交互项年龄x社会资本 雄事教育x社会资本职别x社会资本 一咖啡任期x社会资本F * * ’ , ’ ** ** 2 ’ , O. 10 * * '噜事事’ 2 힢注:ꎺ짧社믡会资놾本转化뮯成돉Z?分럖数쫽以틔达듯到떽去좥中훐心탄化뮯;ꎻ뷌教폽育쮮水욽平ꆢ、쓪年쇤龄뫍和죎任웚期죽三룶个뇤变솿量뺭经맽过ퟔ自좻然뛔对쫽数转뮻换뫳后닎参폫与럖分닣层回믘맩归分럖?컶析，ꎬ늢并틔以웤其ퟔ自좻然뛔对数쫽的뗄Z?럖分数쫽与폫社짧会믡资本놾的뗄Z?分럖数쫽相쿠乘돋形탎成돉交붻互뮥项쿮。ꆣ?*?P?<0?.ꎮ0?5?,ꎬ? * *P?<?O?.ꎮO?l?oꆣ? 从듓表뇭2?훐中뗚第二뛾步늽分럖析컶可뿉知횪，ꎬ뿘控훆制了쇋탔性뇰别和뫍婚믩??ꎮ??? 틶솽룶뇤솿횮뫳ꎬ횰뇰뛔횰튵쇷뚯폐쿔훸뗄믽벫?쪲社会믡资水?킡?姻两个变量之后，职别对职业流动有显著的积极튻튻--低펰쿬ꎬ떫뗚쯄늽냑짧믡놾쓉죫럖컶횮뫳ꎬ횰뇰뛔??5.ꎮ5?0??뗍? ꆪꆪ-一高룟?影响，但第四步把社会资本纳入分析之后，职别对횰튵쇷뚯뗄펰쿬평쿔훸뇤캪늻쿔훸ꎬ늢쟒횰뇰폫??????1思职业流动的影响由显著变为不显著，并且职别与짧믡놾뗄붻뮥ퟷ폃늢늻쿔훸ꆣ내헕?????뫍?主?4?.ꎮ?5?0社会资本的交互作用并不显著。按照Baron和????????뛔훐뷩뇤솿볬퇩뗄죽룶늽훨ꎬ뿉틔죏캪?岳4?.ꎮ?0ꆧ?0?Kenny[叫对中介变量检验的三个步骤，可以认为_.-<1 횰뇰뛔횰튵쇷뚯뗄펰쿬쫇춨맽짧믡놾뗄췪좫훐??ꎮ??? --------职别对职业流动的影响是通过社会资本的完全中 介뷩ퟷ作用폃来살实쪵现쿖。ꆣ尽뺡管맜第뗚二뛾步늽分럖析컶中훐也튲发랢现쿖任죎期웚对뛔??ꎮ???횰튵쇷뚯폐쿔훸뗄쿻벫펰쿬ꎬ떫뗚쯄늽냑짧믡?lSD lSD 职业流动有显著的消极影响，但第四步把社会资뷌教育폽水쮮平욽?本놾纳쓉죋入럖分컶析횮之뫳后좴却쎻没폐有发랢现쿖消쿻极벫影펰响쿬的뗄显쿔著훸下쿂?图l教育水平与社会资本的交互作用图降붵，ꎬ틲因듋此ꎬ，죎任웚期펰影쿬响횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的맽过돌程훐中쎻没폐有짧社믡会资?춼??뷌폽쮮욽폫짧믡놾뗄붻뮥ퟷ폃춼?进뷸-튻步늽럖分析컶缓뮺冲돥作ퟷ用폃，ꎬ랢发쿖现짧社믡会资本놾不늻同춬的뗄?本놾的뗄中훐介뷩效킧应펦。ꆣ然좻而뛸，ꎬ第뗚五컥步늽的뗄分럖析컶却좴发랢现쿖，ꎬ뷌教育폽?情况下，教育水平对职业流动的影响程度不同，쮮水平욽与폫社짧会믡资本놾的뗄交붻互뮥作ퟷ用폃显쿔著훸，ꎬ죎任웚期폫与社짧믡会资?쟩뿶쿂ꎬ뷌폽쮮욽뛔횰튵쇷뚯뗄펰쿬돌뛈늻춬ꎬ?见볻图춼1?ꎻ;뺡尽맜管죎任웚期뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动폐有显쿔著훸的뗄主훷效킧应펦，ꎬ但떫?놾本的뗄交붻互뮥作ퟷ用폃也튲显쿔著훸，ꎬ因틲此듋，ꎬ짧社믡会资놾本퓚在뷌教폽育쮮水平욽?在퓚社짧会믡资本놾不늻同춬的뗄情쟩况뿶下쿂，ꎬ죎任웚期뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动펰影响쿬也튲?和뫍任죎期웚影펰响쿬职횰业튵流쇷动뚯的뗄过맽程돌中훐起웰了쇋缓뮺冲돥作ퟷ用폃。ꆣ?不늻同춬，ꎬ볻见图춼2?。ꆣ볬检퇩验了쇋图춼1?中훐솽两쳵条直횱쿟线的뗄斜킱率싊的뗄显쿔?
캬웕톶 죋샠릤킧톧????쓪?퓂뗚??뻭뗚?웚?ꆤ.3??9.ꆤ? 人类工效学2∞@年8月第14卷第3期훸著탔性횮之后뫳，ꎬ랢发쿖现퓚在뗍低짧社믡会资놾本쳵条件볾下쿂，ꎬ뷌教폽育쮮水욽平뛔对?ퟴ佐证횤了쇋?h?u?r?fw??]쯹所훷主张헅的뗄交붻互뮥影펰响쿬观맛点뗣。ꆣ뺡尽管맜教뷌?횰职튵业쇷流뚯动的뗄믽积벫极펰影响쿬并늢不늻显쿔著훸，ꎬ떫但퓚在룟高짧社믡会资놾本쳵条?폽育쮮水욽平뗄的룟高뗍低퓚在튻一뚨定돌程뛈度짏上랴反펳映了쇋횪知쪶识的뗄丰럡富뢻程돌?볾件쿂下，ꎬ뷌教폽育쮮水욽平뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的믽积벫极펰影쿬响좴却쫇是쿔显훸著的뗄?뛈度뫍和쓜能솦力的뗄高룟低뗍，ꎬ죧如맻果뒦处퓚在짧社믡会网췸络싧的뗄边뇟缘풵，ꎬ벴即쪹使??(P? ?<0?.ꎮ?∞??1 ?)ꆣ。춬同샭理，ꎬ볬检퇩验图춼?2훐中솽两쳵条횱直쿟线的뗄斜킱率싊的뗄?뷌教育폽水쮮平욽很뫜高룟，ꎬ쯻他뗄的횪知쪶识뫍和쓜能솦力퓋运폃用뗄的쮮水욽平뫍和范랶围캧?쿔显훸著탔性之횮后뫳发랢现쿖，ꎬ늻不싛论퓚在룟高짧社믡会资놾本뮹还쫇是뗍低짧社믡会资?튲也比뇈较뷏有폐限쿞，ꎬ횪知쪶识뫍和쓜能솦力캪为웤其쯻他죋人횪知뻵觉뫍和죏认춬同뗄的믺机?놾本쳵条볾件쿂下ꎬ，죎任웚期뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的쿻消벫极펰影쿬响뚼都显쿔著훸?믡会就뻍较뷏小킡[ꆧ?叫ꎻ;랴反횮之ꎬ，퓲则믺机믡会뇈比뷏较듳大ꎬ，뛸而쟒且평由폚于췸网싧络??(?P(?룟高)??<0?.ꎮ?∞??1ꎬ，?P(ꆾ低뗍)??<0?.ꎮ0?5?)?ꎬ，뛸而쟒且ꎬ，퓚在룟高짧社믡会资놾本?훐中탄心캻位훃置的뗄풭原因틲，ꎬ뇣便폚于뷓接쫜受、ꆢ헆掌컕握뫍和퓋运폃用횪知쪶识뫍和能쓜?쳵条볾件下쿂，ꎬ횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뛔对죎任期웚变뇤化뮯的뗄影펰响쿬更룼加볓敏쏴感룐。ꆣ?솦力，ꎬ웤其놻被횪知뻵觉떽到뗄的횪知쪶识뫍和쓜能솦力믱获뗃得뷏较듳大的뗄增퓶幅럹ꆧ[M틽]Oꆣ?틲因듋此，ꎬ뷌教폽育쮮水욽平뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的펰影쿬响맽过돌程쫜受떽到짧社믡会资??ꎮ???짧社믡国会一놾本?低高 튻튻m本的正向调节也就不足为奇了。虽然任期越长，掌?5.ꎮ?5?0?뗍?놾뗄헽쿲뗷뷚튲뻍늻ퟣ캪웦쇋ꆣ쯤좻죎웚풽뎤ꎬ헆? ꆪꆪ룟?컕握的뗄岗룚位캻专长뎤越풽多뛠越풽高룟，ꎬ릫公司쮾特쳘定뚨的뗄经뺭验퇩、ꆢ컄文뮯化越풽??ꆤ???1思5川丰럡富뢻，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本튲也뻍就풽越룟高?阳ꆻ，ꎬ떫但폫与뷌教폽育쮮水욽平뗄的效킧果맻??ꎮ???5450 늻不同춬，ꎬ컒我쏇们뗄的퇐研뺿究뷡结맻果랢发쿖现，ꎬ죎任웚期뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动具뻟有폐?E￥?4.ꎮ?0?0? 쿔显훸著的뗄消쿻极벫影펰响쿬，ꎬ뛸而쟒且죎任웚期뷏较뛌短뗄的죋人죧如맻果짧社믡会资本놾??3.ꎮ?5?0? 뷏较룟高，ꎬ랢发햹展잱潜솦力튲也뷏较룟高，ꎬ죎任웚期뷏较뎤长뗄的죋人죧如맻果짧社会믡资??3.ꎮ?0?0? 本놾较뷏低뗍，ꎬ랢发햹展잱潜솦力랴反뛸而뷏较高룟，ꎬ폫与틔以췹往뗄的퇐研뺿究늢并不늻一튻?一ISDISD 훂致?[ꆯ?州ꆣ。헢这뿉可쓜能쫇是틲因캪为죎任웚期맽过뎤长뛔对提쳡升짽和뫍发랢展햹潜잱力솦?任期评움볛价폐有튻一뚨定뢺负쏦面펰影响쿬ꆣ。죎任웚期풽越뎤长뛸而쎻没有폐实쪵现쿖职횰业튵?图춼2?죎任웚期与폫社짧会믡资本놾的뗄交붻互뮥作ퟷ用폃图춼?쇷流뚯动틢意味캶着ퟅ某쒳些킩方랽面쏦的뗄不늻足ퟣ，ꎬ죧如맻果틑已뺭经뒦处퓚在짧社会믡网췸?4? 讨쳖论싛?络싧的뗄中훐心탄位캻置훃，ꎬ좴却죔仍좻然쎻没폐有实쪵现쿖职횰业튵流쇷动뚯，ꎬ룼更加볓表뇭?人죋力솦资놾本펰影쿬响횰职튵业流쇷뚯动机믺훆制中훐的뗄社짧会믡资本놾中훐?明쏷랢发햹展잱潜솦力的뗄不늻足ퟣ或믲不늻适쫊合뫏，ꎬ쳡提짽升뗄的믺机믡会뻍就会믡更룼?介뷩假볙设짨与폫社짧会믡资本놾缓뮺冲돥假볙设짨，ꎬ쯤虽좻然퓚在틔以췹往퇐研뺿究中훐都뚼?少짙;ꎻ떫~죧且맻如뮹果뒦还处퓚在짧社믡会췸网싧络뗄的뇟边풵缘캻位置훃，ꎬ풱员릤工뗄的知횪?得뗃到떽支횧持돖，ꎬ떫但췹往췹往틔以퇐研뺿究헟者뗄的떥单一튻构릹思쮼(?믲或훐中뷩介假볙?识쪶和뫍能쓜力솦得뗃不늻到떽全좫面쏦的뗄表뇭现쿖和뫍发랢挥믓，ꎬ뛸而쟒且뷏较长뎤任죎期웚?设짨，ꎬ믲或뮺缓돥冲볙假짨设，ꎬ믲或볈既컞无훐中뷩介튲也컞无뮺缓冲돥假볙设짨)?ퟷ作캪为믹基?中훐쯹所믽积累샛的뗄公릫司쮾特쳘定뚨的뗄人죋力솦资本놾受쫜到떽低뗍估맀，ꎬ풱员工릤真헦?础뒡，ꎬ뛸而쎻没폐有퓚在춬同튻一个룶样퇹本놾中훐进뷸行탐竞뺺争헹检验볬[퇩町ꆧ?，ꎬ因틲?正헽뗄的횪知쪶识뫍和쓜能솦力뮹还뿉可以틔퓚在룼更듳大的뗄랶范围캧和뫍层닣次듎上짏发랢?此듋，ꎬ뷡结싛论뗄的쮵说럾服솦力듦存在퓚一튻定뚨的뗄局뻖限쿞。ꆣ?挥믓，ꎬ랴反뛸而뛔对웤其죋人솦力资놾本的뗄知횪觉뻵起웰到떽权좨衡뫢的뗄作ퟷ用폃。ꆣ?本놾研퇐뺿究퓚在춬同튻一룶个퇹样놾本中훐同춬쪱时检볬验퇩社짧会믡资本놾的뗄?컒我们쏇的뗄퇐研뺿究中훐쎻没폐有랢发쿖现쓪年龄쇤对뛔职횰业튵流쇷动뚯的뗄显쿔?中훐뷩介볙假设짨和뫍缓뮺冲돥假볙设짨，ꎬ랢发쿖现죋人솦力资놾本훐中뗄的횰职뇰别对뛔职횰?著훸影펰响쿬，ꎬ폫与P?e?n?n?i?ng?β?等뗈?川的뗄观맛点뗣不늻一튻致훂，ꎬ떫但튲也没쎻有폐?业튵流쇷뚯动的뗄펰影쿬响쫇是춨通맽过짧社믡会资놾本的뗄췪完全좫中훐介뷩作ퟷ用폃来살?发랢现쿖짧社믡会资놾本뮺缓冲돥킧效펦应。ꆣ헢这可뿉쓜能与폫年쓪龄쇤变뇤量솿本놾身짭?实쪵现쿖的뗄，ꎬ与폫Li??n和뫍H?u?a?n?g?[?川的뗄퇐研뺿究뷡结果맻一튻致훂。ꆣ这헢意틢?就뻍是쫇一튻个룶包냼含몬了쇋经뺭验퇩、ꆢ뿉可샻利폃用쪱时볤间뗈等뛠多훖种因틲素쯘作ퟷ用폃?味캶着ퟅ맜管샭理岗룚캻位뗄的죋人뿉可以틔占햼据뻝릫公司쮾中훐社짧会믡网췸络싧的뗄中훐?机믺制훆的뗄复뢴合뫏变뇤量솿有폐关맘。ꆣ?心탄位캻置훃，ꎬ듓从뛸而펵拥폐有룼更뛠多뗄的짧社会믡资本놾，ꎬ룼更죝容틗易튲也룼更可뿉?我컒们쏇认죏为캪，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的펰影响쿬机믺制훆是쫇?能쓜获믱得뗃上짏级벶的뗄积믽极벫评움价볛并늢得뗃到떽提쳡升짽;ꎻ뛸而럇非맜管샭理岗룚位캻?相쿠当떱复뢴杂퓓的뗄，ꎬ풭原틲因쫇是죋人솦力资놾本뗄的룷各돉成럖分뿉可能쓜是쫇不늻同춬?的뗄죋人，ꎬ뺡尽맜管튲也뿉可틔以춨通맽过믱获좡取릫公쮾司훐中짧社믡会췸网싧络的뗄中훐心탄?质훊的뗄，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本뗄的룷各룶个닠侧쏦面뚼都폐有自ퟔ벺己쿠相뛔对뛀独立솢的뗄影펰?位캻置훃来살获믱得뗃积믽极벫评움价볛和뫍提쳡升짽，ꎬ떫但좴却튪要뇈比맜管理샭岗룚位캻的뗄?响쿬能쓜力솦和뫍作ퟷ用폃机믺制훆，ꎬ뛸而짧社믡会资놾本퓚在듋此펰影쿬响맽过程돌中훐扮냧?人죋困삧쓑难탭许뛠多。ꆣ풭原틲因뿉可쓜能쫇是맜管샭理岗룚位캻的뗄人죋掌헆握컕着ퟅ信탅?演퇝的뗄不늻同춬뷇角즫色잡恰잡恰反랴映펳了쇋这헢种훖相쿠对뛔独뛀立솢性탔和뫍特쳘殊쫢?息쾢和뫍웤其쯻他资源풴，ꎬ췹往췹往돉成캪为죋人쏇们뗄的탅信쾢息뫍和建붨틩议的뗄来살?性탔，ꎬ짧社믡会资놾本볈既뿉可틔以뛀独솢立于폚人죋力솦资本놾，ꎬ튲也뿉可以틔相쿠互뮥?源풴，ꎬ틲因듋此죝容틗易햼占뻝据짧社믡会网췸싧络的뗄中훐心탄位캻置훃，ꎬ뛸而짧社会믡网췸?作ퟷ用폃一튻웰起影펰쿬响职횰튵业流쇷动뚯。ꆣ헢这也튲从듓侧닠面쏦说쮵明쏷智훇力솦资?络싧的뗄中훐心탄位캻置훃反랴过맽来살更룼加볓有폐利샻于폚掌헆握컕、ꆢ뷘截훆制和뫍发랢送쯍?本놾内쓚部늿뷡结릹构횮之间볤的뗄맘关쾵系不늻쫇是简볲떥单的뗄独뛀立솢或믲相쿠关맘关맘?信탅息쾢等뗈资源풴?[1酌ꎬ，듓从뛸而쪹使뗃得햼占뻝据짧社믡会췸网싧络中훐心탄캻位置훃?系쾵，ꎬ뛸而룼更뿉可쓜能쫇是有폐条쳵件볾的뗄独뛀立솢和뫍相쿠关맘。ꆣ?的뗄人죋容죝易틗被놻知횪觉뻵为캪更룼有폐知횪识쪶、ꆢ更룼有폐能쓜力솦，ꎬ폐有샻利于폚获믱?5? 结뷡论싛?得뗃更룼好뫃的뗄评움价볛和뫍提쳡升짽的뗄机믺会믡Oꆣ?职횰别뇰通춨过맽社짧会믡资本놾的뗄中훐介뷩作ퟷ用폃影펰响쿬职횰业튵流쇷动뚯;ꎻ?但떫我컒们쏇也튲发랢现쿖，ꎬ죋人솦力资놾本훐中뗄的뷌教폽育쮮水욽平和뫍任죎期웚?教뷌育폽水쮮平욽、ꆢ죎任웚期뛔对횰职튵业쇷流뚯动뗄的펰影쿬响맽过程돌受쫜到떽社짧会믡资?对뛔职횰业튵流쇷动뚯的뗄影펰响쿬受쫜到떽社짧会믡资本놾的뗄缓뮺冲돥作ퟷ用폃影펰响쿬，ꎬ?本놾的뗄缓뮺冲돥作ퟷ用폃影펰响쿬。ꆣ짧社会믡资本놾的뗄中훐介뷩假볙设짨和뫍缓뮺冲돥?
캬웕톶 ꆤ.4??0.ꆤ? 人죋샠类工릤킧效学톧?2?00?8?年쓪?8퓂月第뗚1??4卷뻭第뗚3?期웚?볙假짨设都뚼得뗃到떽部늿分럖的뗄支횧持돖，ꎬ뇭表쏷明죋人솦力资놾本뛔对횰职튵业流쇷动뚯??Ed?u?c?a?t?io??n? f?or? ?A?s??ia?n? ?Em?p?l?oy?e?e?s? [?J? ?J.ꎮ ?Jo??u?ma?l? ?o?f? A??pp??lie?d? ?뗄펰쿬믺훆쫇튻룶뢴퓓맽돌ꎬ죋솦놾뗄룷돉럝믲?B??eh?a??v?io?r?al? S??c?ie?n?c?eꎬ, 1??9?9?7,ꎬ3??3?(?3?):ꎺ 3?1??6-ꆪ?33??4.ꎮ ?的影响机制是一个复杂过程，人力资本的各成份或닠쏦쿠뛔뛀솢ꆣ?[ 10 J L?e??en??de??rs?? R?? ?Tꎬ, ?G?ab?b?a?y?? S?? ?M.ꎮ ?C?o?rp?o?ra?t?e? S??o?ci?al? C?a??pi?ta?l? 侧面相对独立Oa?n?d?? ?Li?ab??il?it?y? [?M? J?.ꎮ ?B?o?s?to?n:ꎺ K??lu?w??er? ?A??ca??de?m?i?c? ?P?re?s?s?,ꎬ? 닎뾼컄쿗ꎺ?????ꎮ?1999. 参考文献:?????????????ꎬ????????ꎬ????????ꎮ????????????????????????ꎬ???????????ꎮ????????????????????ꆪ?[ 11 J Cook K S, Emerson R M. Power Equity and Commit›[1 J TI田enouP, Latimer S, Conroy D. How do Yo u Make ???????????????????????????????????????????m?e?nt? ?in?? E?x?e??ha?n?g?e? ??N?et?wo??r?ks? [?J? ?J.ꎮ ?A?m?e?r?ic??a?n? ?So??e?io??lo?g?i?ca?l? 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