ᇏݓള୪ြ࿐Б 2009୍1ᄅ ֻ17ज ֻ1௹ Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, Jan. 2009, 17(1): 140−144 DOI: *UV-BؓҤളӉؿტࠣՑളս֥྆႕ཙ 1, 21,2**1,31,21,3黄 勇 周冀衡 郑 明 杨虹琦 张苧元 (1. ଲ୪ြն࿐ള॓࿐ඌ࿐ჽ Ӊ೬ 410128; 2. ଲ୪ြն࿐Ҥ۽ӱඌᇏྏ Ӊ೬ 410128; 3. ଲ୪ြն࿐୪࿐ჽ Ӊ೬ 410128) ᅋ ေ 通过模拟UV-B辐射, 探索不同紫外辐射强度、辐射方式对烟草幼苗生长发育、光合生理、色素及多酚、糖类、烟碱等代谢产物的影响, 以期探讨烤烟品质形成的生态机理。结果表明: UV-B辐射可使烟苗矮化变粗, 叶面积缩小, 光合效率下降, 但可恢复; UV-B处理叶绿素、糖、烟碱含量下降幅度与辐射强度正相关, 但微量UV-B有利于成苗叶绿素含量提高; UV-B辐射可使与植物抗逆性有关的多酚含量得到显著提高, 与处理时间、强度正相关; 适宜强度的UV-B预处理可使烤烟叶绿素、总类胡萝卜素和总糖含量提高。 ܱՍ 烤烟 UV-B 农艺性状 光合生理 化学成分 ᇏٳোݼ: S123 ໓ངѓ്: A ໓ᅣщݼ: 1671-3990(2009)01-0140-05 Effect of UV-B on growth and development and secondary metabolism of flue-cured tobacco 1, 21, 21, 31, 21, 3HUANG Yong, ZHOU Ji-Heng, ZHENG Ming, YANG Hong-Qi, ZHANG Ning-Yuan (1. College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; 2. Research Center for Tobacco Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; 3. College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural Uni-versity, Changsha 410128, China) Abstract UV-B was used to radiate flue-cured tobacco “K326”. Then the effects of different modes and intensities of UV-B radiant on tobacco growth, photosynthetic physiology, pigment, polyphenols, sugar and nicotine contents studied. Results show that tobacco “K326” stem dwarfs and thickens. Also leaf area and net photosynthetic rate moderately decline when flue-cured tobacco “K326” is treated with UV-B radiation. Chlorophyll, sugar and nicotine contents decrease with increasing of UV-B radiant intensity. Chloro-phyll content is enhanced by low UV-B radiant intensity. The content of polyphenol in relation to plant stress resistance increases significantly, positively correlated with treatment time and radiant intensity. Pretreatment of rational intensity of UV-B radiant can increase chlorophyll, total carotenoids, and total sugar contents. Key words Flue-cured tobacco, UV-B radiation, Agronomic characteristics, Photosynthetic physiology, Chemical component (Received Dec. 25, 2007; accepted May 16, 2008) ܻ൞ᆱളӉؿტ֥ିਈটჷ, طቔູྐݼ֥॥ᇅb࣮҂ܻᅶ่ࡱ༯ᆱളӉሑঃބՑ[1,2]ၹሰט॥ᆱ֥ളӉؿტbႮႿԙသҪ֥ߊ, ളս྆Ӂ֥э߄, ҂ࣇॖၛູ࣮ᆱՑളս྆֞ղֹ౯і૫֥ѯӉູ240j329 nm֥ሬຓڕഝᄹ֥ࣥބࠏิ܂၇ऌ, ؓൌളӁᇏิۚᆃུՑࡆ, ؓᆜ۱ളಁ, Їওದো, ߶Ӂള҂০႕ཙ, ളս྆Ӂ֥Ӂੱ္ऎႵᇗေၩၬbൌᆣૼ, ᆱമᇀ႕ཙ֞ದো֥ളթbᆱቔູള༢ֻ֥၂൳UV-BڕഝӁള֥Ցളս྆ӁᄝളӁൌᇏളӁᆀ, ൳ߌэ߄֥႕ཙ൞ᆰࢤ֥a؟ٚ૫֥bऎႵᇗေ֥ႋႨࡎᆴbЧ൫ဒၛो(Nicotiana ᄝ॓ބളӁൌᇏ๙ݖ۲ᇕ֥႐ܻ֧ࠇੲܻtabacum L)oK326pູؓའ, ࣮҂UV-Bڕഝؓଇ(ੲܻோ)টࠆ֤҂֥ܻᇉ, ՖطൌགྷܻؓᅶߌोളӉaܻކቔႨࠣa؟ٰaบোaࡡ֩ * ݓࡅҤህછअཛଢ(11020041012)aᄉଲസҤ܄ඳཛଢ(04A02)ބଲ୪ြն࿐ౝ୍ࠎࣁཛଢ(05QN18)ሧᇹ ** ๙ቔᆀ:ᇛ࠰ޙ(1957~), ଳ, ࢝൱, Ѱൖള֝ഽ, ࣮ٚཟູҤളള߄ބҤ߄࿐bߛႧ(1976~), ଳ, Ѱൖ࣮ള, ࢃഽ, ࣮ٚཟູᆱ༥І߄࿐b ൬۠ರ௹: 2007-12-25 ࢤ൳ರ௹: 2008-05-16
ֻ1௹ ߛ Ⴇ֩: UV-BؓҤളӉؿტࠣՑളս֥྆႕ཙ 141 ս྆Ӂ֥႕ཙ, ӂૼUV-Bڕഝაो߄࿐ᇉ142-1998), ૄ۱ԩෛࠏ࿊౼5ᇩ, ҩקࣔӉa֥ࣔཌྷܱྟ, ູݓोᇕᆱ߃ิ܂ંᆦӪb ՙaᇶ۴Ӊֻࠣ2ோᆇွӉაॺbҐႨܻކቔႨሱٳ༅၎, ҩקૄᇩҤֻ֥2ோွ֥ܻކളᆷ1 材料与方法 ѓPaGaTބC,ૄ۱ԩҩק5ᇩ, ౼नᆴbnsri [3] ҋਘ ҕᅶဗޞᠱ֥ٚم, ҐႨGSٳ༅٤ߨؿྟႵࠏූ൫ဒҋਘູोoK326p֥Ї၉ᇕሰ, Ⴎᄉଲݣਈ, ٳܻܻ؇࠹ҩקඣಷྟሹบaߎჰบaࡡaസҤ࣮෮ิ܂[4], ଲ୪ြն࿐Ҥ۽ӱඌᇏွߛაβ-োޱઃѾbҕᅶArnonٚمҐႨVISĒྏದ۽గީ൩ଽӈܿڜტ૬b 723 Gٳܻܻ؇࠹ҩקွੳބሹোޱઃѾݣਈb ٚم ҐႨDPS , Duncan ྍگࠞҵم؟ᇗбࢠb 处理Ⅰ: ӻ࿃UV-Bሬຓཌᅶഝb2007୍3ᄅ2 结果与分析 19ರोѬᇕުᆰࢤ٢ೆದ۽గީདଽ(ॖܻܻ−2−1ᅶ఼؇45j55 μmmolcmcs, ႮL1Ē6400ܻކ UVĒBؓҤ୪ၜྟሑ֥႕ཙ ቔႨҩק၎ҩ֤), 2ᇛުؿ, טᆜڜაሬຓUV-BؓҤ୪ၜྟሑ֥႕ཙі1bՖі1ॖ֧ܵ(ܼᇜၡᶈള॓Ⴕཋ܄ඳളӁ, ۿੱ15 W, ၛुԛԩⅠؓ૬ᇩۚaࣔՙaွॺaွӉ֩ྟ−2ѯӉ365 nm)໊֥ᇂ, ഡᇂ ሑ֥႕ཙቋૼཁ, Ԣࣔՙࠣᇶ۴Ӊຓಆ҆ӯ༯ࢆ−2−2 mWccmބ mWccm3۱҂ᅶഝ࠴ਈ(൝, ڕഝ఼؇ᄀն, ༯ࢆᄀૼཁ, ັਈ֥UV-Bຖବ၎ఖYK-34UV UVA+UVBሬຓᅶ؇࠹ҩႵ০Ⴟᇶ۴֥ളӉbԩûᇩۚ֩୪ၜྟሑ֤֞ࢠק), ૄ฿ഈ9:00j9:30ᅶഝ30 min, အ4ᇛު, ݺ߫گ, ڕഝ఼؇ᄀཬ߫گᄀཁᇷbԩüҀԉ၂เࡆ1Ցѓሙހ۬ধ֣အ၁նਈჭ20 ק֥UV-B, ᄹࡆਔ૬֥ࣔՙb3ᇕԩन҂০Ⴟ−1−1mLc, ັਈჭ5 mLc, ࿃အ4ᇛ, ౼ွ֥ളӉbUV-Bڕഝᄹ఼ॖളӉ(IAA)ބԅ[5, 6]ဢٳ༅b ા(GA)ݣਈࢆ֮, ࡨߏਔ༥ІٳਚބഥӉ, ֝处理Ⅱ: భ௹ӻ࿃UV-Bሬຓཌᅶഝ, ު௹߫گᇁᆱᇩζ߄, ွ૫ࠒэཬ, ᆃॖିႵ০Ⴟࡨഒ൳ᆞӈܻᅶԩbభ௹အٚൔԩú, ᄝֻ7ᇛUV-Bڕഝ֥૫ࠒ, ᆱൡႋUV-Bڕഝߌb ު, ܱוሬຓ֧, ࿃အ1ᇛ, ౼ဢٳ༅b UV-BؓҤܻކള֥႕ཙ [7,8]处理Ⅲ: భ௹ᆞӈܻᅶ, ު௹UV-BሬຓཌᅶഝUV-BؓᆱܻކቔႨ֥႕ཙႵࢠ؟֥࣮, ԩbѬᇕުᆰࢤ٢ೆದ۽గީདଽ(ॖܻܻᅶ఼UV-BؓҤܻކള֥႕ཙі2bҤؓUV-B−2−1؇ູ45j55 μmmolcmcs), အ7ᇛյषሬຓޓૹۋ, UV-BؓҤܻކੱაᆕอੱႵࢠ఼֥[9]֧, οԩúڕഝ࠴ਈԩ1ᇛު౼ဢٳ༅b ၝᇅቔႨbOkada֩ಪູܻކੱ༯ࢆ൞ႮႿܻ༢[10]ûّႋᇏྏാࠃ, طBrandleಪູ൞ႮႿၝᇅਔܻ ҩקᆷѓࠣٚم [7]୪ၜྟሑοҤ୪ၜྟሑטҰѓሙٚم(YC/T ༢ú৳༢֥ሰԮ־, Vu֩ᄵಪູ൞ႮႿߌൔ 表1 UV-B对烟草部分农艺性状的影响 Effect of UV-B on tobacco agronomic characteristics cm ndွ(ֻ2ွ) Leaf(2 ) ఼؇ ԩ ᇩۚ ࣔՙ ᇶ۴Ӊ −2TreatmenIntensity (mWccm) t Stem height Stem thickness Taproot length Ӊ Length ॺ Width ú Dd Dd Dd Dd Cc Cc Cc Cc Aa Aa Bb Bb CK Bb Bb Aa Aa û Dd Aa Dd Dd Cc Cc Bb Cc Cc Cc Bb Cc Aa Bb Bb CK Aa Bb Aa Aa Aa ü Dd Bb Dd Dd Cc Cc Aa Cc Cc Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Aa CK Aa Cc Aa Aa Aa ၂ԩਙᇏa, b, c, dٳљіൕP = ඣ༯֥ҵၳཁᇷྟ; A, B, C, DٳљіൕP = ඣ༯֥ҵၳཁᇷྟb༯ba, b, c, d in the same column and treatment show significant difference at P = level; A, B, C, D show significant difference at P = same below.
142 ᇏݓള୪ြ࿐Б 2009 ֻ17ज 表2 UV-B对烟草光合生理的影响 Effect of UV-B on tobacco photosynthetic physiology ఼؇ ԩ PnGs TrCi −2TIntensity (mWccmreatmen) t Dd Aa Cc Bb ú Cc Aa Bb Bb Bb Aa Dd Aa CK Aa Aa Aa Cc Bb Aa Aa Aa û Cc Aa Cc Bb Cc Aa Bb Cc CK Aa Aa Aa Cc Bb Aa Cc Aa ü Bb Aa Cc Aa Cc Aa Aa Bb CK Aa Aa Aa Cc −2−1−1Pn: ܻ࣪ކੱ Net photosynthetic rate, μmolc mc s ; Ci: CO୩؇ Intercellular CO concentration, μLcL; Tr: ᆕอੱ Tran-22−2−1−2−1spiration rate, mmolcmcs; Gs: గ।֝؇ Stomatal conductance, mol (HO)cmcs. 2 ਠූ߄ࢳ৳ቔႨބRuBP᳆߄ઽࠃྟ༯ࢆၛࠣোܻކ༢֥ؿტb ଵุଇ֥ߊ֩bᆃུіགྷԛUVܻିሇߐӮ UV-BؓҤွோোޱઃѾݣਈ֥႕ཙ ߄࿐ିིੱ༯ࢆbᆕอቔႨ֥э߄ᄵ൞ႮႿሬຓ UV-BؓҤွோোޱઃѾݣਈ֥႕ཙіܻ႕ཙਔగ।֥षоbUV-Bؓగ।֝؇֥႕ཙ 4bUV-BؓሹোޱઃѾބβ-োޱઃѾ֥႕ཙቋ҂ૼཁ, ІࡗCO୩؇Ⴕૼཁ֥ഈശ, ܿੰྟ ն, ԩúaüoK326pোޱઃѾݣਈაڕഝ఼2҂఼b ؇ӯّб, ॖି൞UV-Bᄀ఼Ⴜ૬ളӉ൳ቅ, োޱઃ UV-BؓҤွோွੳݣਈ֥႕ཙѾކӮᄀഒ; ط๙ݖᇏ఼֩؇֥UVყԩު֥ ୍࣍ট, UV-Bڕഝᄹࡆؓᆱ֥ളӉؿტaള૬োޱઃѾݣਈቋۚ, ॖି൞UV-BીႵ۳ള߄ݖӱ֩႕ཙӮູ࣮֥ಣׄbUV-BؓွွҤջটߊྟ֥ഄݝ, طఓਔႺ֝ࠏᇅ, ᄝཽ௧ੳݣਈ֥႕ཙі3bԩúࢠ఼ڕഝ༯“K326”ࢳԢުᆃ၂หᆘ֤֞ЌbUV-BؓoK326pွߛݣਈ༯ࢆ, აڕഝ఼؇ڵཌྷܱ, ሇೆᆞӈܻᅶ֩႕ཙࢠཬ, ܿੰྟ҂఼b ު, ွੳିܔ֤֞߫گbؓӮ૬ീࡆັਈ֥ UV-BؓҤွோบބࡡݣਈ֥႕ཙ [11]UV-B(ԩü), ିܔิۚွੳݣਈbਾૹ֩ᄝUV-Bԩଖུᆱ֥ሹۄᇗࡨഒ, ൈ[12]࣮UV-Bؓ“ᇏ100”ุွܻކݣਈэ߄ۄᇉᄝᆱ۲ఖܲᇏٳؿളڿэbUV-Bؓൈ, ္ؿགྷUV-Bڕᅶު, Ҥွோଽܻކ(ွွบࡡݣਈ႕ཙі5, UV-Bିਈۚ, ؓွսੳaaွੳb)ݣਈбؓᅶٳљഈശ21%ބ10%, ྆Ӂ႕ཙࢠն, ཁᇷࢆ֮ਔွᇏบaࡡ֥ݣЧൌဒࣉ၂҄ඪૼൡਈUV-BॖିႵ০Ⴟଖུွਈ(௴ђ֮Ⴟؓᅶ)bԩûሹบݣਈཁᇷิۚ, і3 UV-BؓҤွோွੳݣਈ֥႕ཙ − Effect of UV-B on leaf chlorophyll of tobacco μgcmg ఼؇ ԩ ွੳa ွੳb ွੳa/b ሹွੳ −2Ttensity (mWccm) reatmenInt Chl. a Chl. b Chl. a/b Total chl. Cc Dd Cc ú Bb Cc Bb Aa Aa Aa CK Aa Bb Aa Cc Cc Cc û Aa Aa Aa Aa Bb Aa CK Bb Bb Bb Dd Dd Cc ü Aa Aa Aa Bb Bb Bb CK Cc Cc Cc
ֻ1௹ ߛ Ⴇ֩: UV-BؓҤളӉؿტࠣՑളս֥྆႕ཙ 143 表4 UV-B对烟草叶片类胡萝卜素含量的影响 −1 Effect of UV-B on leaf carotenoid of tobacco μgcmg ఼؇ ԩ ွߛ β-োޱઃѾ ః ሹোޱઃѾ −2TIntensity (mWccm) reatment Lutein β-carotenoids Other Total carotenoids Aa Cc Aa Cc ú Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Aa Cc Aa CK Aa Dd Bb Dd Cc Bb Aa Bb û Aa Aa Cc Aa Dd Cc Aa Cc CK Bb Dd Bb Dd Bb Bb Bb Cc ü Cc Aa Aa Bb Bb Aa Aa Aa CK Aa Cc Bb Dd і5 UV-BؓҤွோบބࡡݣਈ֥႕ཙ Effect of UV-B on leaf sugar and nicotine of tobacco % ఼؇ ԩ ߎჰบ ሹบ ࡡ บ/ࡡ −2TIntenreatmensity (mWccm)t Reducing sugar Total sugar Nicotine Sugar/nicotine Dd Dd Bb ú Cc Cc Cc Bb Bb Dd CK Aa Aa Aa Dd Cc Bb û Cc Bb Cc Bb Cc Dd CK Aa Aa Aa Dd Dd Bb ü Cc Bb Dd Bb Cc Cc CK Aa Aa Aa ࡡݣਈཁᇷࢆ֮b༥І؟บ҂ࣇఏሢᅰUV-B֥ಪູሬຓܻ൞؟ٰোᇉކӮაࠒݖӱᇏ֥ܱቔႨ, ൈ္ऎႵౢԢUV-BᄝІଽӁള֥ሱႮࠎၹሰᆭ၂bUV-Bԩؓွ؟ٰݣਈ֥႕ཙі6b[13, 14]֥ି৯, ᄝ၂ק֥ٓຶଽᆱ൳֞UV-Bᅶഝ൞UV-Bԩิۚਔွ؟ٰݣਈ, აUV-Bԩൈ[3]Ⴚ֝؟บ֥ކӮ, ֝ᇁඣಷྟሹบ֥ᄹࡆb ࡗaԩ఼؇ᆞཌྷܱbဗޞᠱؿགྷ, ۚݚϙֹो UV-BؓҤ؟ٰݣਈ֥႕ཙ؟ٰݣਈۚႿ֮ݚϙֹ, ؎აࢠ఼֥ሬຓڕ [15]ᇫཬᐕ࣮֩ؿགྷ၂Ҥᇕᄝնโބ໑ഝႵܱb ൩่ࡱ༯ᆱ, ҂ં൞ᄝളӉ௹ߎ൞ᄝਉᇅ௹, ໑3 结论与讨论 ൩ွᇏݣႵ֥ሹॖಷྟٰaੳჰූaᏭཐᐃࠣ؟ UV-BؓҤളӉؿტ֥႕ཙ ٰသ߄ઽࠃྟ֮Ⴟնโᇏᆱ֥ᇩ, ؎൞Ⴎ[16]൫ဒіૼݖਈ֥ሬຓڕഝିᆱζ߄, ᇶႿ໑൩Ѫৰ֥թᄝܻᅶ఼؇ࡨѩാਔሬຓေ൞ࢫࡗഥӉ൳֞ၝᇅbఃζ߄ӱ؇ෛቔᇕোa֥ܻཌb֒ؓ໑൩ଽ֥ᇩҀԉ؋ѯሬຓܻൈ, ᇕࠣ҂ളტ௹ط҂, ሬຓڕഝӱ؇ᄀ఼, ွᇏᏭཐᐃݣਈᄹࡆ28%, ੳჰූݣਈ္ശۚ, 表6 UV-B对烟草多酚含量的影响 −1 Effect of UV-B on tobacco polyphenolic μgcg ú û ü −2ཛଢItem ఼؇ Intensity (mWccm) CK CK CK ݣਈ Content
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