河北农业大学硕士学位论文抵押资产价值评估问题研究姓名：杨珣申请学位级别：硕士专业：农业经济管理指导教师：尉京红;宋金杰2009-05-27
햪 튪 쯦ퟅ컒맺짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ틔닺뗖톺살죚춨뷰쫇룷쫐뎡훷쳥뗄튻쿮훘튪믮뚯ꎬ튲쫇틸탐튵ꆢ뷰탨쟳랽횮볤튵컱췹살뗄훘튪쓚죝ꆣ뷼쓪살ꎬ폐쿠떱튻늿럖뗖톺듻뿮퓚뗖톺폐킧뗄쟩뿶쿂튲돉쇋늻솼듻뿮,헢늻뗃늻틽웰컒쏇뗄쮼뾼ꆣ뺡맜탎돉늻솼듻뿮뗄풭틲뫜뛠ꎬ떫움맀쪦맽룟맀볆쇋뗖톺닺뗄볛횵쫇퓬돉뗖톺닺뇤쿖쟥뎥뇈싊늻룟뗄튻룶훘튪틲쯘ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄훊솿컊쳢틽웰짧믡뗄맣랺맘힢ꎬ돉캪닺움맀쇬폲뗄튻룶죈뗣컊쳢ꆣ 놾컄듓뗖톺닺움맀뗄믹놾샭싛뫍믹놾랽램솽룶닣쏦뛔뗖톺닺움맀컊쳢햹뾪쳖싛ꎬ솦춼헫뛔뗖톺닺움맀뗄쳘쫢탔헒돶웤맦싉탔ꎬ쪹뗖톺닺움맀룼볓뫏샭ꆣ좫컄릲럖쇹헂ꆣ웤훐뗚튻헂틽퇔ꎬ훷튪싛쫶쇋뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄맺쓚췢쿖ힴꆢ퇐뺿놳뺰뫍퇐뺿틢틥ꆣ뗚뛾헂쫇뗖톺닺볛횵움맀벰웤쳘쫢탔럖컶ꎬ훘뗣쏷좷쇋뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄벸룶믹놾룅쓮ꎬ럖컶쇋뗖톺닺볛횵움맀퓚샻틦쿠맘헟ꆢ쪱볤뗣뫍움맀뷡맻퇩횤탔죽랽쏦뗄쳘쫢탔ꆣ뗚죽헂쫇뗖톺닺볛횵움맀믹놾샭싛컊쳢럖컶ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀풭퓲ꆢ움맀쒿뗄ꆢ볛횵샠탍ꆢ움맀볙짨벰움맀믹ힼ죕뗈믹놾컊쳢햹뾪쳖싛ꆣ놾컄죏캪ꎺ뗖톺닺볛횵뗄움맀풭퓲돽쇋믹놾움맀풭퓲췢ꎬ뮹펦냼삨낲좫탔ꆢ헦쪵탔뫍놣쫘탔풭퓲ꎻ움맀뗄쒿뗄펦떱뾼싇틸탐듻뿮뗄낲좫탔ꎻ움맀뗄볛횵샠탍펦룃쫇뗖톺듻뿮볛횵샠탍ꎻ움맀볙짨쫇돖탸쪹폃볙짨ꎻ움맀믹ힼ죕펦룃쫇뗖톺짨뚨죕ꆣ뗚쯄헂쫇뗖톺닺볛횵움맀랽램뗄첽쳖ꎬ훘뗣쫇퓚뛔죽훖믹놾움맀랽램쫊폃탔럖컶뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ쳡돶쇋돤럖뾼싇뗖톺럧쿕뫍뗖톺움맀쳘쫢탔뗄뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램ꎬ춨맽솿뮯닺뗖톺맽돌훐룷훖틲쯘뛔뗖톺닺볛횵뗄펰쿬ꎬ뗃돶뗖톺닺뗄움맀횵ꆣ뗚컥헂쫇춨맽쪵샽뛔뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램뷸탐쇋펦폃ꆣ뗚쇹헂캪뷡싛ꎬ퓚ퟜ뷡놾컄퇐뺿쓚죝뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ뛔퇐뺿뷡싛뷸탐쇋맩쓉뫍ퟜ뷡ꆣ놾컄춨맽뛔뗖톺닺움맀믹놾샭싛뫍랽램뗄퇐뺿ꎬ캪뿆톧움맀뗖톺닺뗄볛횵쳡릩샭싛뫍랽램짏뗄횧돖ꆣ 맘볼듊ꎺ뗖톺ꎻ뗖톺닺ꎻ뗖톺닺움맀ꎻ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽
Research on Mortgaged Assets Value Appraisal Student: Yang Xun Specialty: Agricultural Economics and Management Tutor: Professor Wei Jing-hong and Song Jin-jie Abstract Along with the development of socialist market economy in our country, mortgaged assets are very important activity for market players in order to finance funds. It is also an important aspect of business between the banking industry and the demand for funds. In recent years, a considerable portion of mortgage loans in the case has become an effective non-performing loans, it can not but arouse our thinking. Although there are many reasons for the formation of non-performing loans, assessor overestimated the value of mortgage assets is the important factor of the low ratio of the realization of assets outstanding charge. The problem of the quality of the mortgaged assets appraisal is widespread concerned in society and becomes a hot issue in the appraisal area . This paper analyzes the basic appraisal theory and the appraisal methods in the value of mortgaged assets. This paper tries to find out the rule of the value of mortgaged assets in order to make the mortgaged assets reasonable. The full text of this article is divided into six chapters. Chapter I is Introduction. It focuses on the value of mortgaged assets at home and abroad , research background and research significance. Chapter II is the analysis of the value of mortgaged assets appraisal and the specificity of analysis. This chapter introduces the mortgaged assets on a few basic concepts and analyses the stakeholders of the mortgage assets appraisal, the results of the assessment time point and the specificity of the results. Chapter III is the basic theoretical analysis of the value of mortgaged assets. It discusses the principle, purpose , the value type , the appraisal date and the hypothesis of the mortgaged assets. Addition to the basic appraisal principles, this article holds that the assessment of the value of mortgaged assets should also include the principle of security, authenticity and conservative ; the purpose of the appraisal in order to ensure security for bank loans; the value type should be the type of the mortgage value; the appraisal date should be set up on mortgages; the hypothesis of the mortgaged assets is the sustainable use of the assets. Chapter IV is the appraisal method research. Based on the analysis the applicability of the three basic methods, this chapter raises a way called the Mortgaged Risk Coefficient. This method quantifies how much effect various factors make to the value of mortgaged assets in the course of mortgaged assets in order to assess the value of mortgage assets. Chapter IV introduces a case in order to illustrate the Mortgaged Risk Coefficient. Chapter VI is the conclusion. It summarizes the conclusions and summary based on the content of this paper. Based on the mortgaged assets of the theory and methods of appraisal research, it provides theoretical and methodological support to the value of mortgaged assets.
Key Words: MortgageꎻMortgaged AssetsꎻMortgaged Assets AppraisalꎻThe Mortgaged Risk Coefficient
뛀뒴탔짹쏷 놾죋짹쏷쯹돊붻뗄톧캻싛컄쫇놾죋퓚떼쪦횸떼쿂뷸탐뗄퇐뺿릤ퟷ벰좡뗃뗄퇐뺿돉맻ꆣ뻝컒쯹횪ꎬ돽쇋컄훐쳘뇰볓틔뇪힢뫍훂킻뗄뗘랽췢ꎬ싛컄훐늻냼몬웤쯻죋틑뺭랢뇭믲킴맽뗄퇐뺿돉맻ꎬ튲늻냼몬캪믱뗃 뫓놱얩튵듳톧 믲웤쯻뷌폽믺릹뗄톧캻믲횤쫩뛸쪹폃맽뗄닄쇏ꆣ폫컒튻춬릤ퟷ뗄춬횾뛔놾퇐뺿쯹ퟶ뗄죎뫎릱쿗뻹틑퓚싛컄훐ퟷ쇋쏷좷뗄쮵쏷늢뇭쪾킻틢ꆣ 톧캻싛컄ퟷ헟잩쏻ꎺ 잩ퟖ죕웚ꎺ 쓪 퓂 죕 톧캻싛컄냦좨쪹폃쫚좨쫩 놾톧캻싛컄ퟷ헟췪좫쇋뷢 뫓놱얩튵듳톧 폐맘놣쇴ꆢ쪹폃톧캻싛컄뗄맦뚨ꎬ폐좨놣쇴늢쿲맺볒폐맘늿쏅믲믺릹쯍붻싛컄뗄뢴펡볾뫍듅엌ꎬ퓊탭싛컄놻닩퓄뫍뷨퓄ꆣ놾죋쫚좨뫓놱얩튵듳톧뿉틔붫톧캻싛컄뗄좫늿믲늿럖쓚죝뇠죫폐맘쫽뻝뿢뷸탐볬쯷ꎬ뿉틔닉폃펰펡ꆢ쯵펡믲즨쏨뗈뢴훆쫖뛎놣듦ꆢ믣뇠톧캻싛컄ꆣ ꎨ놣쏜뗄톧캻싛컄퓚뷢쏜뫳쫊폃놾쫚좨쫩ꎩ 톧캻싛컄ퟷ헟잩쏻ꎺ 떼쪦잩쏻ꎺ 잩ퟖ죕웚ꎺ 쓪 퓂 죕 잩ퟖ죕웚ꎺ 쓪 퓂 죕 톧캻싛컄ퟷ헟뇏튵뫳좥쿲ꎺ 릤ퟷ떥캻ꎺ 뗧뮰ꎺ 춨톶뗘횷ꎺ 폊뇠ꎺ
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 1 틽퇔 퇐뺿놳뺰 1996쓪ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺떣놣램ꆷ뗄냤늼쪵쪩ꎬ닺뗖톺ퟷ캪튻훖떣놣탎쪽퓚뺭볃믮뚯훐놻맣랺닉폃ꆣ쯦ퟅ컒맺짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ틔닺뗖톺살죚춨뷰쫇룷쫐뎡훷쳥뗄튻쿮훘튪믮뚯ꎬ튲쫇틸탐튵ꆢ뷰탨쟳랽횮볤튵컱췹살뗄훘튪쓚죝ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ컒맺룷샠튵틸탐틑쿲짌튵틸탐뇤ꎬ퓚듻뿮쒣쪽뫍랽램뗄톡퓱짏튲훰늽쟷쿲폚뗖톺듻뿮ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮훆뛈벺돉캪짌튵틸탐놣좫닺ꆢ럀랶럧쿕벰럧쿕뮺쫍뗄훘튪듫쪩ꆣ 늻솼듻뿮튻횱쫇컒맺틸탐튵룄룯랢햹뗄훷튪헏낭,쫇뷰죚럧쿕뗄훷튪뇭쿖ꆣ컒맺헾뢮뛔듋룟뛈훘쫓,늢닉좡쇋튻쾵쇐훘듳헾닟듫쪩,틔복짙맺폐짌튵틸탐늻솼듻뿮ꆣ듓2000쓪쯄벾뛈뾪쪼,컒맺틸탐튵늻솼듻뿮뇈샽뫍폠뛮뾪쪼쪵쿖ꆰ쮫쿂붵ꆱꆣ좻뛸,튻킩짌튵틸탐늻솼닺듦솿뷏룟ꆢ늻솼듻뿮싊룟캻엇뮲뗄컊쳢죔좻뇈뷏춻돶ꆣ룹뻝틸볠믡릫늼뗄춳볆쇏ꎬ2007쓪ꎬ훐맺맺폐짌튵틸탐쯄룶벾뛈뗄늻솼듻뿮폠뛮럖뇰캪10 610틚풪ꆢ10 틚풪ꆢ10 틚풪뫍11 틚풪ꎬ햼좫늿듻뿮뗄뇈[1]샽캪%ꆢ%ꆢ%뫍%ꆣ탎돉늻솼듻뿮뗄풭틲컞틉쫇뛠랽쏦뗄ꆣ퓚폐맘늻솼닺뒦훃뗄쿠맘뗷퇐훐,랢쿖쿠떱튻늿럖뗖톺듻뿮퓚뗖톺폐킧뗄쟩뿶쿂튲돉쇋늻솼듻뿮,헢뻍늻뗃늻틽웰컒쏇뗄짮쮼ꆣ 뗖톺쫇뫏춬떱쫂죋튻랽폃ퟔ벺쳘뚨뗄닆닺쿲뛔랽놣횤싄탐뫏춬ꎬ떱뗖톺죋늻싄탐뫏춬쪱ꎬ뗖톺[2]좨죋폐좨샻붫뗖톺닆닺퓚램싉퓊탭뗄랶캧쓚뇤싴ꎬ듓쯹뗃볛뿮훐폅쿈쫜뎥ꆣ웤쒿뗄쫇캪햮컱죋죧[3]웚싄탐햮컱쳡릩컯훊놣횤ꆣ뷼킩쓪살,뗖톺듻뿮돉캪짌튵틸탐탅듻뗄훷튪랽쪽,Coco(2000)뗄퇐뺿뇭쏷,펢맺85% 뗄킡웳튵듻뿮뚼닉폃뗖톺뗄랽쪽,쏀맺뷼70% 뗄릤짌튵듻뿮뚼쫇뗖톺듻뿮,얲췾틸탐튪쟳웳튵듻뿮쳡릩100% 뗄뗖톺ꆣ퓚랢햹훐맺볒,틸탐뗄뗖톺듻뿮쯹햼뇈훘룼룟,뻍컒맺뛸퇔,탅폃듻뿮뗄뇈훘풶풶뗍폚뗖톺떣놣듻뿮ꆣ평폚좫쟲랶캧쓚뗄탅폃럧쿕볓뻧,짌튵틸탐캪쇋뮺쫍탅폃럧쿕,듳솿닉폃뗖톺듻뿮뗄랽쪽살럅듻ꆣ놾살,춨맽뗖톺닺살붵뗍믲뮺쫍탅듻럧쿕쫇틸탐뿘훆탅폃럧쿕뗄훷튪쫖뛎횮튻ꆣ떫뻝훐탐쾵춳뗄튻쿮뗷닩뷡맻쿔쪾,틔믺웷ꆢ짨놸뗈뚯닺ퟶ뗖톺뗄닺뇤쿖쫜뎥싊횻폐[4]10%ퟳ폒,틔랿컝뗈늻뚯닺ퟶ뗖톺뗄닺뇤쿖쫜뎥싊횻폐30%ퟳ폒(훜뫩짺,2003)ꆣ쇭폐뗷닩쿔쪾,[5][6]쒿잰뗖톺닺뇤쿖쯰쪧욽뻹퓚50%ퟳ폒,폐뗄짵훁룟듯90%(쇵맰솼ꆢ헐욽,2004)ꆣ뛸뫎ퟔ솦(2005)뗄쪵횤퇐뺿뷡맻튲뇭쏷,뗖톺듻뿮뗄믘쫕싊욽뻹늻ퟣ50%,뗖톺닺움맀볛횵뗄뇤쿖싊퓲늻ퟣ40%,뗖[7]톺닺움맀훊솿뫜늻샭쿫ꆣ뺡맜늻춬뗄뗷닩뷡맻폐쯹닮틬,떫뗖톺닺뇤쿖쟥뎥뇈싊늻룟ꆢ뗖톺닺움맀훊솿뗍쿂좴쫇튻룶늻헹뗄쫂쪵ꆣ 2007쓪4퓂4죕ꎬ쏀맺탂쫀볍뷰죚릫쮾평폚듎벶힡햬뗖톺듻뿮ꎨ틔쿂볲돆ꆰ듎듻ꆱꎩ튵컱돶쿖뿷쯰짪쟫웆닺놣뮤ꎬ듎듻컊쳢뾪쪼틽웰쫀뷧맘힢ꆣ퓚쏀맺ꎬ내헕뷨뿮죋뗄탅폃뗈벶ꎬ힡햬뗖톺듻뿮뿉틔럖캪폅벶ꎨPrimeꎩꆢ듎폅ꎨAlt-Aꎩ뫍듎벶ꎨSubprimeꎩꆣ듎벶뗖톺듻뿮ퟷ캪튻훖틸탐튵컱ꎬ늢쎻폐튻훂탔뗄뚨틥ꆣ듎듻뷨뿮죋춨뎣뻟폐늿럖믲좫늿뗄틔쿂쳘헷ꎺ탅폃볇슼늻좫믲늻병ꆢ쫕죫뷏뗍ꆢ뢺햮폫쫕죫뗄뇈샽뷏룟ꆣ뺡맜듎벶뗖톺듻뿮럧쿕뷏듳ꎬ떫평폚쫕틦싊뷏룟ꎬ쫜샻틦쟽쪹ꎬ뛔듎듻럧쿕죏쪶늻ퟣꎬ춬쪱웈폚뺺헹탨튪ꎬ듎듻믺릹듳솿랢럅듎벶뗖톺듻뿮ꎬ늢쟒붵뗍쇋듎벶랿듻ힼ죫 1
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 쳵볾ꆣ2001쓪훁2004쓪웚볤ꎬ쏀솪뒢쪵쪩뗍샻싊뗈헾닟듌벤쇋랿뗘닺튵뗄뷸튻늽랢햹ꎬ쏀맺죋뗄릺랿죈쟩늻뛏짽컂ꎬ듎벶뗖톺듻뿮돉쇋탅폃쳵볾듯늻떽폅믝벶듻뿮튪쟳뗄릺랿헟뗄쫗튪톡퓱ꆣ샻틦뗄쟽쪹벰럅듻믺릹볤뺺헹뗄볓뻧ꎬ웈쪹듎벶뗖톺듻뿮뺭펪믺릹늻뗃늻볓뿬닺욷뒴탂ꎬ듟짺쇋뛠훖뛠퇹뗄룟럧쿕듎벶뗖톺듻뿮닺욷ꎬ튻킩듻뿮믺릹짵훁췆돶쇋ꆰ쇣쫗뢶ꆱꆢꆰ쇣컄볾ꆱ뗄듻뿮랽쪽ꎬ벴늻닩쫕죫ꆢ늻닩닺ꎬ듻뿮죋뿉틔퓚쎻폐뷰ꆢ컞탨쳡릩죎뫎폐맘뎥뮹쓜솦횤쏷뗄쟩뿶쿂듻뿮릺랿ꆣ뿭쯉뗄듻뿮룱짳뫋돉캪랿뗘닺붻틗쫐뎡뿕잰믮풾뗄훘튪췆뚯솦ꎬ떫튲싱쿂쇋캣믺뗄훖ퟓꆣ평듋뿉볻ꎬ뛔듻뿮짪쟫헟뗄탅폃쳵볾ꆢ탅폃탅뗈ힴ뿶뷸탐뫋쪵뗷닩ꎬ쪹듻뿮짪쟫헟쳡릩쿠펦뗄뮹뿮떣놣쫇틸탐뗈뷰죚믺릹놣횤듻뿮낲좫맘볼뗄튻늽ꆣ뛸닺움맀탐튵ퟷ캪튻훖튵뗄훐뷩뷡릹ꎬ캪틸탐쳡릩쇋튵뗄럾컱믮뚯ꎬ뿉틔뛔듻뿮헟뗄ퟔ탅쳵볾ퟶ돶뿆톧뗄본뚨ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쏀맺듋듎뗄듎듻캣믺튲캪움맀믺릹쳡돶쇋탂뗄쳴햽ꎬ죧뫎뛔듻뿮짪쟫헟뗄탅폃ퟷ돶움에ꎬ죧뫎뿆톧뗄움맀듻뿮헟뗄탅폃떣놣[8]뗈ꆣ퓚듋횮잰ꎬ쏀맺20쫀볍80쓪듺훐웚뗄뷰죚캣믺탎돉뗄훘튪풭틲횮튻쫇늻뚯닺움맀볛횵폫쪵[9]볊볛횵횮볤뗄닮틬ꆣ 폐쇋늻솼듻뿮컊쳢뫍듎듻캣믺뗄잰뎵횮본ꎬ틸탐쾵춳풽살풽훘쫓뗖톺닺뗄탅폃떣놣ퟷ폃ꆣ틸탐쾵춳튻냣붫뗖톺닺뗄움맀볛횵ퟷ캪랢럅듻뿮뗄훘튪틀뻝ꎬ퓚듋틀뻝뗄믹뒡횮짏ꎬ틸탐쾵춳퓙룹뻝폐맘맦뚨믲헟뺭퇩좷뚨튻룶뗖톺듻뿮뇈싊ꎬ붫솽헟뷡뫏웰살좷뚨웳튵뗄듻뿮뷰뛮ꆣ뛸뗖톺닺뗄움맀볛횵쫇맘볼ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ맺볊짏맘폚닺움맀뗄샭싛뫜뛠ꎬ뷢뻶쇋닺움맀뗄믹놾샭싛랽쏦뗄컊쳢ꎬ뛸뛔폚뗖톺닺볛횵뗄움맀ꎬ쯤좻쳡돶늢쿪쾸뷢쫍쇋뗖톺듻뿮볛횵헢훖볛횵샠탍ꎬ떫뛔폚웤뻟쳥뗄펦폃쎻폐퇐뺿ꆣ뛸움맀랽램퓚죽훖믹놾뗄움맀랽램짏쳡돶쇋쿖뷰쇷솿헛쿖쒣탍ꆢ쏉쳘뾨싞랽램ꆢ웚좨움맀쒣탍ꆢ쪵컯웚좨램뗈탂뗄움맀랽램ꎬ떫헢벸훖랽램쎻폐돤럖뾼싇뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘쫢탔ꎬ퓚웤쯻튻킩쳘쫢뗄움맀쒿뗄쿂뻟폐춨폃탔ꆣ 틲듋ꎬ죧뫎룹뻝뗖톺닺뗄볛횵쳘탔뫍움맀쒿뗄뗄쳘쫢탔ꎬ좷뚨뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쫊폃뗄볛횵샠탍ꆢ움맀믹ힼ죕ꎬ죧뫎듓죽훖믹놾랽램훐좷뚨쫊폃폚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀랽램ꎬ쪹뗖톺닺뗄움맀볛횵룼볓뫏샭ꎬퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘럀랶움맀럧쿕뫍뷰죚럧쿕ꎬ쫇튻룶?듽뷢뻶뗄뿎쳢ꆣ 맺쓚ꆢ췢퇐뺿쿖ힴ 맺췢퇐뺿쿖ힴ 닺움맀ퟷ캪튻훖ퟔ랢뗄튵럾컱믮뚯ꎬ뿉틔ힷ쮷떽100쓪틔잰ꆣ뛸ퟷ캪튻훖폐ퟩ횯ꆢ폐샭싛횸떼뗄튵럾컱믮뚯퓲웰쪼폚19쫀볍훐뫳웚ꆣ20쫀볍40쓪듺틔뫳퓚쫀뷧룷맺뗃떽뷏듳랢햹ꆣ20쫀볍70쓪듺틔살ꎬ쫀뷧룷맺뗄닺움맀믮뚯뾪쪼쟷폚맦랶뮯뫍맺볊뮯ꆣ쏀얷뗈컷랽맺볒뗄닺움맀ퟷ캪뷰죚ꆢ닆컱톯튵뗄튻룶늿쏅ꎬ뗃떽쇋튵뗄랢햹ꆣ쿖틑폐뗄움맀ힼ퓲냼삨맺볊움맀ힼ퓲(IVS)ꆢ펢맺믊볒쳘탭닢솿쪦톧믡움맀횸쓏(RICS뫬욤쫩)ꆢ얷훞움맀ힼ퓲(EVS)ꆢ쏀맺튵움맀횴튵춳튻ힼ[10]퓲(USRAP)ꆣ쯼쏇쫇닺움맀샭싛퇐뺿돉맻뫍쪵볹뺭퇩뗄룟뛈얨쯵ꎬ살풴폚쪵볹ꎬ랴맽살폖폃폚횸떼움맀쪵볹믮뚯ꆣ쏀맺맺믡폚1989쓪8퓂훆뚨쇋ꆶ뷰죚믺릹룄룯ꆢ뢴풭뫍뮡훆횴탐램쇮ꆷ(FIRREA)ꆣ헫뛔뷰죚움맀쇬폲듦퓚뗄컊쳢ꎬ룃램쇮뛔쏀맺움맀탐튵맜샭뷸탐쇋룄룯ꎬ틽뷸쇋맺믡볠뚽ꆢ헾뢮힢닡맜샭ꆢ움맀탐튵킭믡훆뚨ힼ퓲ꆢ뷰죚볠맜늿쏅붨솢움맀짳뫋맦퓲뗈쓚죝ꆣ늢폚19872
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 쓪훆뚩쇋ꆶ튵움맀횴튵춳튻ힼ퓲ꆷꆣ듓뛸쿆뾪쇋쏀맺뷰죚탐튵뫍움맀탐튵맜샭탂뗄튻튳ꆣ20쫀볍80쓪듺훆뚩뗄ꆶ맺볊움맀ힼ퓲ꆷ(International Valuation StandardsꎬIVS)쫇쒿잰ퟮ뻟펰쿬솦뗄맺볊탔움맀튵ힼ퓲ꎬ튲짦벰쇋뗖톺듻뿮움맀튵컱ꎬ웤훐뗄ힼ퓲4뻍쫇쏅맘폚뗖톺ꆢ떣놣랽쏦움맀뗄맦뚨ꎬ펦폃횸쓏2쫇쏅폃폚맦랶틔듻뿮캪쒿뗄뗄움맀ꎬ톯틢볻2퓲쮵쏷쇋냍죻뛻캯풱믡맘폚틸탐볠맜랽쏦ힼ퓲뫍쮵쏷틔듻뿮캪쒿뗄뗄움맀뿉쓜닺짺뗄펰쿬뗄럖컶ꆣ떫쫇퓚ퟜ쳥짏ꆶ맺볊움맀ힼ퓲ꆷ[11]늻쿱쏀맺ꆶ튵움맀횴튵춳튻ힼ퓲ꆷ쓇퇹붫뗖톺듻뿮움맀럅퓚쳘뇰훘튪뗄캻훃짏ꆣ2003쓪5퓂14죕ꎬ쏀맺짳볆쫰(GAO)쿲쏀맺닎틩풺틸탐ꆢ힡랿뫍돇쫐쫂컱캯풱믡뢺퓰죋놣싞.죸냠쮹()닎틩풱쳡붻쇋ꆶ볠맜볆뮮:볓잿뛔늻뚯닺움맀튵볠뚽뗄믺믡ꆷ뗄놨룦ꆣ룃놨룦쫇펦쏀맺맺믡뗄튪쟳ꎬ훘뗣뛔ꆶ뷰죚믺릹룄룯ꆢ뢴풭뫍잿훆횴탐램쇮ꆷ(FIRREA)쯹붨솢뗄움맀볠맜믺훆뗄킧솦뷸탐움볛ꆣ2003쓪10퓂28죕ꎬ쏀맺믵뇒볠샭쫰ꆢ솪냮뒢놸캯풱믡ꆢ솪냮듦뿮놣쿕릫쮾ꆢ뮥볃뒢듻믺릹볠샭쫰뫍맺볒탅듻솪쏋맜샭쫰뗈컥듳뷰죚볠맜뷡릹솪뫏랢뇭짹쏷ꎬ헫뛔튵컱볬닩훐랢쿖뗄뗖톺듻뿮움맀훐듦퓚뗄뛀솢탔컊쳢ꎬ듓움맀쪦뗄톡울ꆢ뷰죚믺릹뛔움맀뗄쓚늿짳뫋벰뷰죚믺릹[12]볠맜뗄뷇뛈뛔움맀쪦뫍뷰죚믺릹뗄뛀솢탔뗄튪쟳뷸탐쇋잿뗷뫍쾸뮯ꆣ 컷랽맺볒뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢뗄퇐뺿훷튪쳥쿖퓚볛횵샠탍뫍움맀랽램솽룶랽쏦ꆣ (1)퓚뗖톺닺움맀뗄볛횵샠탍퇐뺿랽쏦 컷랽맺볒샭싛뷧튻냣죏캪맀볛쫇뛔닺쫐뎡볛횵뗄움맀,늢쟒맺볊움맀ힼ퓲튲붫쫐뎡볛횵ퟷ캪믹놾뗄볛횵움맀뇪ힼꆣ [13]ꆶ맺볊움맀ힼ퓲ꆷ(International Valuation StandardsꎬIVS)쫇쒿잰ퟮ뻟펰쿬솦뗄맺볊탔움맀튵ힼ퓲ꎬ튲짦벰쇋뗖톺듻뿮움맀튵컱ꎬ웤훐뗄ힼ퓲4뻍쫇쏅맘폚뗖톺ꆢ떣놣랽쏦움맀뗄맦뚨ꎬ펦폃횸쓏2쫇쏅폃폚맦랶틔듻뿮캪쒿뗄뗄움맀ꎬ톯틢볻2퓲쮵쏷쇋냍죻뛻캯풱믡맘폚틸탐볠맜랽쏦ힼ퓲뫍쮵쏷틔듻뿮캪쒿뗄뗄움맀뿉쓜닺짺뗄펰쿬뗄럖컶ꆣ퓚ꆶ맺볊움맀ힼ퓲ꆷ훐ꎬ뛔폚뗖톺닺볛횵샠탍죔뻉닉폃쫐뎡볛횵ꎬ늢쎻폐뾼싇떽뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘쫢탔ꆣ떫쯼퓚럇쫐뎡볛횵뗄볛횵믹뒡훐ꎬ풮틽얷훞솢램뛔뗖톺듻뿮볛횵ퟶ돶쇋쏷좷뚨틥ꆣ 헫뛔뗖톺듻뿮뛔움맀뗄튪쟳,뗂맺싊쿈쳡돶쇋뗖톺듻뿮볛횵뗄룅쓮,늢퓚얷훞쫐뎡짏훰늽뗃떽죏[14]춬뫍펦폃ꆣBienert and Rehkugler(2005)럖컶쇋뗖톺듻뿮볛횵룅쓮퓚얷훞뗄랢햹,횸돶쇋웤쿠뛔쫐뎡볛횵뛸퇔폫뗖톺쒿뗄욥엤뗄쫊떱탔ꆣ떱좻튲폐톧헟랴뛔퓚뷸탐뗖톺움맀쪱닉폃뗖톺듻뿮볛횵샠탍(죧[15]Crosby et al.,2000)ꆣ떽쒿잰캪횹ꎬꆰ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵ꆱ틑퓚얷훞뗃떽맣랺펦폃,늢췪좫쓉죫ꆶ얷훞움맀ힼ퓲ꆷꆣ [16]ꆶ얷훞움맀ힼ퓲ꆷ횸돶ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쫇횸뾼싇떽닺뗄뎤웚듦탸탔ꆢ헽뎣뗄뫍떱뗘뗄쫐뎡쳵볾ꆢ닺떱잰뗄폃춾뫍뿉톡퓱쫊틋폃춾뗈틲쯘ꎬ뺭맽뛔닺뗄캴살뿉돶쫛탔뷸탐뗄뷷짷움맀뗃돶뗄닺뗄움맀볛횵ꆣ퓚움맀뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쪱늻펦룃뾼싇춶믺틲쯘ꆣ헢퇹뚨틥뗄뗖톺닺볛횵샠탍,폫뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쒿뗄쫇ퟮ쿠럻뫏폫욥엤뗄ꆣ (2)퓚뗖톺닺움맀랽램퇐뺿랽쏦 맘폚뗖톺움맀뗄뻟쳥랽램,돽쇋뒫춳뗄쫐뎡램ꆢ돉놾램ꆢ쫕틦램뗈춾뺶췢,쯦ퟅ뷰죚잰퇘샭싛뗄랢햹뫍뷏뛠붻닦톧뿆뗄돶쿖,쿖듺펦폃쫽톧ꆢ춳볆톧뗈톧뿆횪쪶뫍릤뻟놻듳솿펦폃떽움맀쇬폲,돶쿖쇋뷸뷗쿖뷰쇷솿헛쿖쒣탍ꆢ쏉쳘뾨싞랽램ꆢ웚좨움맀쒣탍ꆢ쪵컯웚좨램뗈탂뗄움맀랽램ꆣ죧뷏뛠컄쿗뻍붫뗖톺쫓캪튻훖웚좨늢뛔뗖톺웚좨뗄뚨볛컊쳢뷸탐쇋퇐뺿(죧Hilliard et al.,1998ꎬChow et al.ꎬ[17-19]2000ꎻDeng et al., 2002)ꆣ 3
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 탂뗄냍죻뛻놾킭틩(Baselꋲ,2004)삩듳쇋틸탐뿉쪹폃뗄뗖톺ꆢ떣놣뫍탅폃퇜짺닺욷뗄랶캧,쳡돶쇋뫏룱뗄뷰죚뗖톺욷뗄죏뿉뇪ힼ,죧듦퓚뿉벰쪱ꆢ뺭볃ꆢ폐킧뒦훃뗖톺욷뗄쫐뎡ꎻ듦퓚뿉틔릫뾪뗃떽뗄뗖톺욷쫐뎡볛룱ꎻ쳘뇰쫇킭틩잿뗷쇋뗖톺듻뿮볛횵,헢킩뚼붫뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀샭싛폫쪵컱뗄[20]뷸햹랢믓믽벫펰쿬ꆣ 듓컷랽맺볒뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀샭싛뫍움맀랽램뗄퇐뺿훐뿉틔랢쿖ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵죔쫇컷랽맺볒움맀볛횵샠탍뗄훷쳥ꎬ좻뛸얷훞틑뷏퓧뗄쳡돶쇋뗖톺듻뿮볛횵ꎬ늢뛔웤뷸탐쇋쏷좷뚨틥ꎬ늢붫웤쓉죫쇋ꆶ얷훞움맀ힼ퓲ꆷꆣ헢솽훖볛횵샠탍돉쇋컷랽맺볒샭싛랽쏦뗄훷쇷ꎬ떫뛠쫽맺볒뮹쫇쟣쿲폚쫐뎡볛횵ꎬ뛔뗖톺듻뿮볛횵뮹탄듦틉싇ꆣ움맀랽램랽쏦ꎬ죔틔죽훖움맀랽램캪훷ꎬ쯤좻돶쿖쇋쏉쳘뾨싞랽램ꆢ웚좨움맀쒣탍뗈랽램ꎬ떫헢킩랽램뾼싇떽뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쒳튻랽쏦뗄쳘쫢탔ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘쫢탔뗄뾼싇늢늻돤럖ꎬ퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄펦폃짏폐튻뚨뗄뻖쿞탔ꆣ쯦ퟅ뺭볃뗄늻뛏랢햹ꎬ쿖폐뗄맺췢샭싛폫랽램퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쪵컱닙ퟷ훐뗄뇗뛋훰붥쿔쿖돶살ꎬ죧뫎쪹뗖톺닺볛횵움맀룼볓뫏샭헽퓚틽웰죋쏇뗄웕뇩맘힢ꆣ 맺쓚퇐뺿쿖ힴ [21]컒맺뗄뗖톺닺볛횵움맀릤ퟷ웰풴폚맺폐닺뗄움맀ꎬ20쫀볍80쓪듺쒩ꎬ평폚췢뗄뷩죫뫍럇릫폐훆뺭볃뗄랢햹뛔닺붻틗뗄탨쟳ꎬ퓚맺폐웳튵룄훆뗄맽돌훐ꎬ닺움맀ퟷ캪튻쿮뫋탄뗄릤ퟷ놻췆짏컨첨ꎬ떫떱쪱듸폐뫜얨뫱뗄탐헾즫닊ꎬ움맀뗄랽램ꆢ움맀믺릹뗄좷죏뗈뻹평헾뢮뷸탐맜샭ꎬ뿉틔쮵ꎬ맽좥움맀럾컱뗄뛔쿳훷튪쫇떥튻뗄닺좨훷쳥(맺볒)ꎬ움맀뗄쒿뗄튲쫇떥튻뗄맺폐닺닺좨뇤뚯ꎬ떫냩쯦ퟅ듳솿맺폐닺뗄쇷쪧ꎬ닺움맀돉캪떱쪱놻횸퓰뗄훷튪쓚죝ꆣ쯦ퟅ컒맺쫐뎡뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ움맀럾컱뗄뛔쿳평떥튻뗄닺좨훷쳥뇤뮯캪뛠풪뮯닺좨훷쳥ꎬ움맀뗄쒿뗄튲평떥튻뗄맺폐닺닺좨뇤뚯삩듳떽뗖톺떣놣ꆢ웳튵춶뻶닟뗈뛠훖뺭볃탐캪ꆣ쯦ퟅ컒맺쫐뎡뺭볃뗄뿬쯙랢햹ꎬ쳘뇰쫇볓죫WTO틔뫳ꎬ컒맺뺭볃붫랢짺닺튵뷡릹뫍웳튵훆뛈뗄훘듳뗷헻ꎬ헢훖뗷헻틢캶ퟅ닺좨붻틗쫐뎡룼볓믮풾뫍맦랶ꎬ붫캪닺움맀탐튵쳡릩룼볓맣삫뗄뿕볤ꎬ닺움맀탐튵붫믡퓚뺭볃짺믮훐랢믓룼듳뗄ퟷ폃ꆣ평폚컒맺뗄닺움맀탐튵랢햹쪱볤뛌ꎬ좱랦쾵춳뗄샭싛퇐뺿ꎬ퓬돉닺움맀샭싛늻쓜돤럖뗘횸떼움맀쪵볹ꆣ 1996쓪뗄ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺떣놣램ꆷ쪵쪩뫳ꎬ닺뗖톺ퟷ캪튻훖떣놣탎쪽퓚뺭볃믮뚯훐놻맣랺닉폃ꎬ폈웤쫇퓚틸탐뗖톺듻뿮훐뗄ퟷ폃풽살풽훘튪ꆣ룹뻝훐맺죋쏱틸탐랢늼뗄ꆶ듻뿮럧쿕럖샠횸떼[22]풭퓲(쫔탐)ꆷ뗄맦뚨,뛔폚뗖톺닺뗄움맀,퓚폐쫐뎡뗄쟩뿶쿂,내쫐뎡볛룱뚨횵ꎻ퓚쎻폐쫐뎡뗄쟩뿶쿂,펦닎헕춬샠뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛룱뚨횵ꆣ붨짨늿랢늼뗄ꆶ랿뗘닺맀볛맦랶ꆷꆢ풭맺췁뻖냤늼뗄ꆶ돇헲췁뗘맀볛맦돌ꆷ(쫔탐)튲폐샠쯆맦뚨ꆣ쪵볹횤쏷헢훖맦뚨늢쎻폐놣횤뷰죚믺릹뗖톺듻뿮뗄낲[23]좫ꆣ2006쓪1퓂,붨짨늿ꆢ죋쏱틸탐뫍틸볠믡솪뫏랢늼쇋ꆶ랿뗘닺뗖톺맀볛횸떼틢볻ꆷ,떫폫틔잰쿠뇈,룃횸떼틢볻돽쇋뿉틔뿘훆늿럖뗀뗂럧쿕폫쳥훆럧쿕췢,퓚샭싛폫벼쫵짏뮹듦퓚튻뚨뗄늻ퟣꎬ늢[24]늻쓜듓벼쫵짏럀랶랿뗘닺탅듻럧쿕뗄닺짺ꆣ [25]훐맺닺움맀킭믡랢늼뗄ꆶ뷰죚늻솼닺움맀횸떼틢볻ꆷ횸돶ꎬ뷰죚늻솼닺움맀튵컱훐뗄볛횵샠탍냼삨쫐뎡볛횵뫍쫐뎡볛횵틔췢뗄볛횵ꆣ쫐뎡볛횵틔췢뗄볛횵냼삨떫늻쿞폚쟥쯣볛횵ꆢ춶볛횵ꆢ닐폠볛횵뗈ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퓚쪵볊닙ퟷ훐닅믡돶쿖뛠훖움맀볛횵샠탍ꆣ틢볻춬쪱튲횸돶힢닡닺움4
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 맀쪦펦떱쏷좷튵컱믹놾쟩뿶ꎬ룹뻝움맀쒿뗄ꆢ움맀뛔쿳ꆢ닺뒦훃랽쪽ꆢ뿉믱뗃뗄움맀쇏뗈틲쯘ꎬ퓚폫캯췐랽킭짌뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ잡떱톡퓱볛횵샠탍뫍움맀랽램ꎬ냼삨볙짨쟥쯣램ꆢ쿖뷰쇷뎥햮램ꆢ붻틗낸샽뇈뷏램ꆢ볒듲럖램뫍웤쯻쫊폃뗄랽램ꆣ평폚뷰죚늻솼닺움맀폫뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄뷇뛈늻춬ꎬ헢킩맦뚨늻췪좫쫊폃폚뗖톺닺볛횵뗄움맀ꆣ 뷼벸쓪ꎬ맺쓚퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀랽쏦뗄퇐뺿돉맻훷튪폐ꎺ (1)퓚뗖톺닺움맀샭싛퇐뺿랽쏦 퓚뗖톺닺움맀샭싛퇐뺿랽쏦훷튪벯훐퓚움맀뛔쿳ꆢ움맀쒿뗄ꆢ움맀볙짨벰움맀뗄볛횵샠탍뗈랽쏦ꆣ [26]훜붨ퟴꎨ2002ꎩ횸돶ꎬ퓚컒맺뗖톺듻뿮닺움맀쪵볹훐ꎬ펦룃룄뇤틔췹쯹닉폃뗄볌탸쪹폃뗄볙짨잰쳡ꎬ룄캪닉폃쟥뎥볙짨ꆣ폫듋쿠뛔펦ꎬ움맀볛룱샠탍펦뇤캪쟥쯣볛룱ꎬ움맀랽램펦뇤캪쟥쯣볛룱램ꆣ [27]췵짺쇺ꎨ2003ꎩ횸돶ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮움맀뗄쿖ힴ쇮죋떣폇ꎬ쯼뗄샭싛쎤쟸훷튪쳥쿖퓚볙짨잰쳡폫볛룱뇪ힼ뗄쎤쟸ꆢ움맀믹ힼ죕폫움맀볛룱쪹폃뗄쎤쟸벰움맀놨룦ꆰ놣뮤탔쮵쏷ꆱ뫍ꆰ돐억몯ꆱ뗄뻖쿞뗈벸룶랽쏦ꆣ움맀럧쿕뗄럀랶ꎬퟮ훕좡뻶폚닺움맀샭싛랽램쳥쾵뗄췪짆뫍램싉뗄맦랶ꎬ틔벰움맀탨쟳헟헽좷샻폃움맀뷡맻ꆣ [28]삼(2004)퓲뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀샭싛럖웧뷸탐쇋ퟜ뷡ꆣ 쯽횸돶,컒맺뗖톺듻뿮움맀튵컱믹놾뒦폚컞탲ힴ첬,탭뛠훘튪룅쓮믬쿽늻쟥,뻍뗖톺닺움맀떽뗗움맀뗄쫇쪲쎴볛횵뚼캴쓜좡뗃튻훂죏쪶ꆣ쪵컱뷧죋쪿뛠죏캪쫇쫐뎡볛횵,뛸톧헟퓲뛠죏캪쫇쟥쯣믲뇤쿖볛횵,튲폐톧헟죏캪쫇쟥쯣볛횵뗄[29]헛쿖횵(슷뷰쟚ꎬ1997)ꆣ짵훁죧뫎뷧뚨뗖톺움맀뛔쿳튲캴쓜뗃떽춳튻,뛠쫽죋죏캪쫇뗖톺컯,떫폐[30]늿럖죋퓲죏캪움맀뛔쿳쫇뗖톺좨ꎨ톦뇾뚫ꎬ1997ꎩꆣ (2)퓚뗖톺닺움맀랽램퇐뺿랽쏦 샭싛뗄쒣뫽늻쟥횱뷓떼훂쇋움맀랽램뗄뻖쿞탔,뛠쫽움맀닉폃뒫춳뗄훘훃돉놾램ꆢ쫐뎡뇈뷏램,짙쫽닉폃쫕틦쿖횵램웤쫕틦뿚뺶튲붩뮯떥튻,뗖톺닺움맀뗄쳘쫢탔퓚움맀랽램짏쎻폐죎뫎랴펳ꆣ볛횵샠탍폫볛횵뚨틥뗄룅쓮짐쎻폐놻뗖톺닺움맀죋풱뫍움맀놨룦쪹폃헟쯹뷓쫜(믲죔좻쾰맟죏캪쫇뒫춳뗄쫐뎡볛횵)ꆣ샭싛짏뗄쒣뫽뫍움맀랽램뗄좱쿝,퓬돉뗖톺닺움맀볛횵뷡맻쪧쪵,컳떼틸탐뻶닟ꆣ늿럖톧헟퓚볡돖쫐뎡볛횵뗄잰쳡쿂뷸탐쇋튻킩뗖톺닺움맀랽램뗄첽쳖,죧쇵맰솼ꆢ헐욽[31](2004)횸돶ꎬ평폚뷨듻쮫랽뛔뗖톺닺볛횵뗄죏쪶듦퓚쏷쿔럖웧,틲뛸쯹톡폃뗄닺움맀랽램튲룷늻쿠춬ꆣ쯻룹뻝뷨듻쮫랽퓚뗖톺닺뗄볛횵쳘탔폫움맀볛횵샠탍톡퓱뗄죏쪶짏뗄럖웧ꎬ쳡돶쇋떽웚볛횵맀쯣램뫍벴웚볛횵탞헽램솽훖움맀랽램,늢뛔쿠맘틲쯘뷸탐쇋쮵쏷ꎬ틔쳡룟움맀뷡맻뗄뻶닟폐폃탔ꆣ [32]듞뫪ꎨ2007ꎩ뷨본맺쓚췢샭싛폫쪵컱뺭퇩,퓚쏷좷캬뮤틸탐듻뿮낲좫뗄잰쳡쿂,쳡돶뗖톺닺움맀샭싛쳥쾵펦틔ꆰ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵ꆱ캪뫋탄룅쓮,평ꆰ믹뒡샭싛ꆢ룅쓮뿲볜ꆢ펦폃샭싛ꆢ뗷뿘샭싛ꆱ쯄룶닣듎릹돉,웤움맀랽램펦틔ꆰ헛쿖쿖뷰쇷램ꆱ캪뫋탄,틔ꆰ웚좨뚨볛램ꆱ캪늹돤ꆣ퇐뺿뷡맻뛔릹붨훐맺쳘즫뗄뗖톺닺볛횵움맀샭싛쳥쾵,맦랶움맀횴튵탐캪,듙뷸틸탐헽좷뷸탐탅듻뻶닟,럀랶뷰죚럧쿕뻟폐훘튪틢틥뫍ퟷ폃ꆣ ퟛ짏쯹쫶,쒿잰컒맺뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢뗄퇐뺿뿉틔룅뿶캪ꎺ (1)틑돶첨쇋튻쾵쇐뻟폐웕뇩쫊폃탔뗄움맀믹놾맦랶ꎬ떫퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀랽쏦뮹좱랦펦폐뗄맦랶ꆣ 5
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 닺움맀킭믡돶첨쇋튻쾵쇐쏅뗄움맀ힼ퓲뫍횸떼틢볻ꎬ냼삨틔닆컱놨룦캪쒿뗄뗄움맀횸쓏ꎬ닺움맀볛횵샠탍횸떼틢볻뗈ꎬ떫헢웤훐늢늻냼몬헫뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뛸돶첨뗄쏅뗄움맀ힼ퓲뫍횸떼틢볻ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뛔폚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢탨튪튻늿쏅뗄움맀ힼ퓲믲횸떼틢볻뛔웤뷸탐횸떼뫍맦랶ꆣ (2)퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄믹놾샭싛랽쏦뮹듦퓚튻킩쒣뫽죏쪶ꎬ폐듽폚뷸튻늽돎쟥ꆣ죧뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐뗄움맀뛔쿳떽뗗쫇뗖톺좨뮹쫇뗖톺컯ꎿ잰헟쫇컞탎뗄ꎬ뛸뫳헟퓲쫇폐탎뗄ꎬ헢룶컊쳢늻얪쟥ꎬ붫컞램에뛏놻움맀닺뗄볛횵ꎻ볛횵샠탍쫇쫐뎡볛횵뮹쫇쟥쯣믲뇤쿖볛횵ꎬ틖믲웤쯻뗄볛횵샠탍ꎿ늻춬뗄볛횵샠탍뻶뚨쇋움맀뷡맻튲믡폐쯹늻춬ꎻ움맀믹ힼ죕쫇뗖톺듻뿮죕ꆢ듻뿮떽웚죕ꆢ뮹쫇듻뿮쟥뎥죕ꎿ헢죽룶늻춬뗄쪱뗣뛔놻움맀닺뗄볛횵뚼믡폐펰쿬뗈ꆣ (3)퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀랽램랽쏦ꎬ뛠닉폃죽훖믹놾뗄움맀랽램ꎬ뗖톺닺움맀뗄쳘쫢탔쓑틔돤럖뾼싇ꆣ죽훖믹놾뗄움맀랽램횮짏돶쿖쇋떽웚볛횵맀쯣램뫍벴웚볛횵탞헽램ꆢ헛쿖쿖뷰쇷램틔벰웚좨뚨볛램뗈ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘쫢탔퓚헢킩랽램짏쎻폐죎뫎랴펳ꎬ늻쓜췪좫뗄쫊폃폚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀ꆣ ퟜ횮ꎬ컞싛듓맺췢뮹쫇맺쓚퇐뺿살뾴ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀퓚샭싛뫍랽램퇐뺿랽쏦ꎬ뮹폐탭뛠탨튪뷸튻늽첽쳖뗄컊쳢ꆣ놾컄붫듓뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀뛔쿳ꆢ움맀쒿뗄ꆢ볛횵샠탍ꆢ움맀믹ힼ죕뗈움맀믹놾샭싛컊쳢뫍움맀랽램랽쏦햹뾪퇐뺿ꎬ횼퓚뷢뻶뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐믹놾샭싛컊쳢랽쏦듦퓚뗄쒣뫽죏쪶ꎬ쳡돶튻훖쓜릻돤럖뾼싇뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쳘뗣뗄움맀쮼슷ꆣ 퇐뺿틢틥 평폚컒맺닺움맀탐튵랢햹샺쪷뷏뛌ꎬ뛔닺움맀샭싛뫍랽램뗄퇐뺿짐뒦폚웰늽뷗뛎ꎬ뷼쓪살ꎬ쯦ퟅ튻쾵쇐닺움맀ힼ퓲뗄돶첨ꎬ뇭쏷컒맺퓚닺움맀믹놾컊쳢뗄퇐뺿랽쏦틑좡뗃튻뚨뗄퇐뺿돉맻ꎬ떫퓚뗖톺닺움맀샭싛뫍랽램랽쏦뗄퇐뺿쒿잰짐캴폐쿠맘맦랶돶첨ꎬ퇐뺿돉맻튲늻뛠볻ꆣ뛸퓚움맀쪵볹훐ꎬ듳솿뗄뗖톺닺움맀튵컱웈쟐탨튪쿠맘샭싛뗄횧돖ꆣ놾컄횼퓚춨맽뛔쒿잰뗖톺닺움맀샭싛뫍랽램훐뎣볻컊쳢뗄퇐뺿ꎬ캪뿆톧움맀뗖톺닺뗄볛횵쳡릩샭싛뫍랽램짏뗄횧돖ꆣ 놾쿮퇐뺿듓샭싛짏붲ꎬ쫗쿈ꎬ캪뗖톺닺볛횵움맀ퟷ돶샭싛릱쿗ꆣ춨맽뷨본웤쯻맺볒뛔웤쯻샠탍닺움맀뗄볛횵움맀샭싛,뿉틔뗃돶뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄믹놾샭싛뫍움맀랽램ꆣ춨맽뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀샭싛뗄퇐뺿ꎬ붫폐훺폚럡뢻닺움맀샭싛ꎬ뷸뛸맦랶컒맺닺움맀쫐뎡ꎬ돤럖랢믓닺움맀퓚쫐뎡뺭볃훐뗄ퟷ폃ꎬ늢캪쿠맘늿쏅뷸탐뿆톧맜샭뻶닟뫍볠뚽쳡릩틀뻝ꆣ웤듎ꎬ뿉틔캪뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쳡릩룄뷸틀뻝ꎬ늢쓜럡뢻컒맺뗄쿠맘퇐뺿돉맻ꎬ듙뷸컒맺뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄랢햹ꎬ뷸뛸럡뢻컒맺뷰죚늻솼닺움맀뗄랢햹ꆣ 듓쪵볹짏붲ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄퇐뺿ꎬ늻뷶폐훺폚듙뷸컒맺춳튻움맀샭싛뗄붨솢뫍췪짆,뛸쟒뿉틔캪움맀뷧쳡릩폫샭싛싟벭쿠튻훂뗄닙ퟷ횸떼,폐훺폚맦랶움맀뷧뗄뗖톺닺움맀탐캪ꆣ쳘뇰쫇뿉틔뿆톧좷뚨뗖톺닺뗄볛횵,폐훺폚틸탐헽좷뷸탐탅듻뻶닟,캬뮤틸탐듻뿮낲좫,럀랶뷰죚럧쿕ꆣ 6
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 퇐뺿쮼슷 놾 컄듓뗖톺닺쳘뗣돶랢ꎬ뛔닺뗖톺벰뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐뗄믹놾룅쓮ꆢ샭싛컊쳢뷸탐럖컶ꆢ맩쓉ꎬ ퟜ뷡돶웤쳘쫢탔ꎻ퓚듋믹뒡짏ꎬ듓뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄샭싛쓑뗣뫍움맀랽램뗄톡퓱솽룶랽쏦뷸탐쇋 쿪쾸뗄럖컶ꆢ닻쫶ꎬ첽톰뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄샭싛믹뒡뫍폐킧뗄움맀닙ퟷ랽램ꆣ 퇐 뺿벼쫵춼죧쿂ꎺ 쳡돶컊쳢 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쿠맘룅쓮뗄뷧뚨 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘쫢탔 뗖톺닺볛횵움뗖톺닺볛횵움맀 맀랽램뗄좷뚨믹놾샭싛컊쳢럖컶 움맀쒿뗄ꆢ볛횵샠탍ꆢ움맀뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램 볙짨ꆢ움맀믹ힼ죕 퇐뺿쪵샽 퇐뺿뷡싛 춼1-1ꎺ벼쫵슷쿟 Fig1-1ꎺTechnology route 7
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 퇐뺿랽램폫뒴탂 퇐뺿랽램 (1)뛔틑폐퇐뺿쇏뫍퇐뺿돉맻뗄맩쓉폫ퟜ뷡ꎺ볬쯷맺쓚췢폐맘뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄퇐뺿쇏뫍돉맻ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쿠맘뗄샭싛뷸탐맩쓉ꎬퟜ뷡돶맺쓚췢뗖톺닺볛횵퇐뺿뗄쿖ힴꎬ헒돶듦퓚뗄쓑뗣컊쳢ꎬ듓뛸폐헫뛔탔뗄뷸탐퇐뺿ꆣ (2)뇈뷏폫럖컶ꆣ춨맽뗖톺폫훊톺ꆢ뗖톺닺움맀폫튻냣쒿뗄쿂뗄닺움맀쿠뇈뷏ꎬ럖컶뗃돶뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐듦퓚뗄쳘쫢탔ꎬ룹뻝뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘쫢탔ꎬ첽쟳뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄믹놾샭싛뫍폐킧뗄움맀랽램ꆣ (3)샭싛럖컶램ꆣ퓚뷨본틑폐뗄쿠맘뗄닺움맀믹놾샭싛ꎬ뷡뫏뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘뗣ꎬ럖컶뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐뗄움맀풭퓲ꆢ움맀쒿뗄ꆢ볛횵샠탍ꆢ움맀볙짨벰움맀믹ힼ죕뗈믹놾샭싛ꆣ퓚뛔닺움맀죽훖믹놾움맀랽램뗄럖컶믹뒡짏ꎬ쳡돶쇋쫊뫏뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄폐킧뗄움맀랽램ꆪꆪ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램ꆣ (4)샭싛퇐뺿폫쪵횤퇐뺿쿠뷡뫏ꆣ놾컄쿈듓샭싛랽쏦뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄믹놾샭싛뫍움맀랽램뷸탐쇋쿪쾸뗘닻쫶뫍쮵쏷ꎬ쳡돶쇋뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램ꆣ춨맽뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램퓚쪵볊닙ퟷ훐뗄펦폃ꎬ뷸튻늽퇩횤쇋탂랽램뗄뿉닙ퟷ탔ꆣ 뒴탂뗣 놾컄춨맽뛔닺뗖톺쳘뗣뗄럖컶ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺움맀뗄쳘쫢탔뷸탐쇋ퟜ뷡뫍럖컶ꎬ퓚듋믹뒡짏쳡돶쇋ퟔ벺뗄튻킩맛뗣ꆣ (1)퓚뗖톺닺움맀샭싛퇐뺿랽쏦ꎬ춨맽뛔쫐뎡볛횵벰쟥쯣볛횵뗄쫊폃탔럖컶ꎬ쳡돶쇋뗖톺듻뿮볛횵샠탍뗄룅쓮ꎬ쏷좷쇋뗖톺닺움맀뗄볛횵샠탍컊쳢ꎻ퓚뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쪱볤뗣뗄쳘쫢탔뷸탐럖컶뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ쳡돶쇋뫏샭톡퓱뗖톺닺볛횵움맀믹ힼ죕뗄랽램ꎻ짏쫶맛뗣뷢뻶쇋쒿잰퓚뗖톺닺움맀쪵볹훐볛횵샠탍퓋폃믬싒ꆢ움맀믹ힼ죕뗄톡퓱좱랦뿆톧탔뗄컊쳢ꆣ (2)퓚뗖톺닺움맀랽램퇐뺿랽쏦ꎬ춨맽뛔닺움맀믹놾랽램뗄뛔뇈럖컶ꎬ퓚돤럖뾼싇뗖톺닺움맀쳘쫢탔뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ쳡돶쇋뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램ꎬ늢춨맽릹붨뗖톺닺럧쿕쾵쫽움맀쒣탍ꎬ뷢뻶쇋뗖톺닺움맀훐럧쿕컞램솿뮯뗄컊쳢ꎬ캪뿆톧움맀뗖톺닺뗄볛횵쳡릩쇋닎뾼ꆣ 8
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 2 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀벰웤쳘쫢탔럖컶 뗖톺벰뗖톺닺 [33]틀뻝ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺떣놣램ꆷꎬ뗖톺쫇횸햮컱죋믲헟뗚죽죋늻틆뗖톺닆닺뗄햼폐ꎬ붫룃뗖톺닆닺ퟷ캪햮좨뗄떣놣ꎬ떱햮컱죋늻싄탐햮컱믲헟랢짺떱쫂죋풼뚨뗄쪵쿖뗖톺좨뗄쟩탎쪱ꎬ뗖톺좨죋폐좨틀램틔룃뗖톺닆닺헛볛믲헟틔엄싴ꆢ뇤싴룃뗖톺컯뗄볛뿮폅쿈쫜뎥ꆣ햮컱죋믲헟뗚죽죋캪뗖톺죋ꎬ햮좨죋캪뗖톺좨죋ꎬ쳡릩떣놣뗄닆닺캪뗖톺닆닺ꆣ 뗖톺닺쫇횸뗖톺듻뿮훐폃ퟶ뗖톺뗄닆닺ꆣ뫏춬떱쫂죋튻랽폃ퟔ벺쳘뚨뗄닆닺쿲뛔랽놣횤싄탐뫏춬ꎬ떱뗖톺죋늻싄탐뫏춬쪱ꎬ뗖톺좨죋폐좨샻붫뗖톺닆닺퓚램싉퓊탭뗄랶캧쓚뇤싴ꎬ듓쯹뗃볛뿮훐폅쿈쫜뎥ꆣ웤쒿뗄쫇캪햮컱죋죧웚싄탐햮컱쳡릩컯훊놣횤ꆣ 룹뻝ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺떣놣램ꆷ뗄맦뚨ꎬ뿉틔폃폚뗖톺뗄닆닺폐ꎺ(1)뗖톺죋쯹폐뗄랿컝뫍웤쯻뗘짏뚨ퟅ컯ꎻ(2)뗖톺죋쯹폐뗄믺웷ꆢ붻춨퓋쫤릤뻟뫍웤쯻닆닺ꎻ(3)뗖톺죋틀램폐좨뒦럖뗄맺폐뗄췁뗘쪹폃좨ꆢ랿컝뫍웤쯻뗘짏뚨ퟅ컯ꎻ(4)뗖톺죋틀램폐좨뒦럖뗄맺폐믺웷ꆢ붻춨퓋쫤릤뻟뫍웤쯻닆닺ꎻ(5)뗖톺죋틀램돐냼늢뺭랢냼랽춬틢뗖톺뗄믄즽ꆢ믄릵ꆢ믄쟰ꆢ믄첲뗈믄뗘뗄췁뗘쪹폃좨ꎻ(6)틀램뿉틔뗖톺뗄웤쯻닆닺ꆣ [34]뗖톺닺뗄쳘뗣뿉틔맩쓉죧쿂:(1)뗖톺죋늻틆닆닺뗄햼폐좨ꎬ뗖톺죋뿉틔볌탸햼폐ꆢ쪹폃뗖톺컯ꆣ퓚뗖톺웚볤ꎬ뗖톺닺죔맩뗖톺죋쯹폐ꆣ뻍뗖폚뗖톺좨죋뛸퇔ꎬ짨뚨뗖톺좨뗄룹놾쒿뗄퓚폚캪햮컱죋죧웚싄탐틥컱쳡릩컯훊떣놣ꎬ뛸늻쫇좡뗃뗖톺컯믲뇤싴뗖톺컯ꎻ뻍뗖톺죋뛸퇔ꎬ짨뚨뗖톺좨뗄룹놾쒿뗄퓚쫇캪죧웚싄탐틥컱쳡릩컯훊떣놣ꎬ틆뗄쫇뗖톺좨뛸늻쫇뗖톺컯ꆣ횻폐뗖톺죋퓚늻쓜죧웚맩뮹듻뿮쪱ꎬ뗖톺좨죋랽폐좨틀램뇤싴뗖톺컯늢폅쿈쫜뎥ꆣ헢폫훊톺늻춬ꎬ훊컯뇘탫틆폚훊좨죋햼폐ꆣ(2)뗖톺닺뗄닺좨퓚뗖톺웚볤뻟폐캴살뗄늻좷뚨탔ꆣ틲캪퓚뗖톺웚볤ꎬ뗖톺죋쓜럱내뗖톺뫏춬뎥뮹햮컱짐늻쟥돾ꎬ죧맻뗖톺죋떽웚늻싄탐햮컱ꎬ뗖톺좨죋붫틀램뒦럖뗖톺닺ꎬ떫죧맻뗖톺죋떽웚뎥뮹쇋햮컱ꎬ퓲붫쫕믘뗖톺닺뗄뒦럖좨ꆣ(3)뗖톺좨죋폐폅쿈쫜뎥뗄좨샻ꆣ뗖톺떣놣쫇틔뗖톺컯ퟷ캪햮좨뗄떣놣ꎬ뗖톺좨죋뛔뗖톺컯폐뿘훆ꆢ횧엤뗄좨샻ꆣ쯹캽뿘훆좨ꎬ뇭쿖퓚뗖톺좨짨뚨뫳ꎬ뗖톺죋퓚뗖톺웚볤늻뗃쯦틢뒦럖뗖톺컯ꆣ쯹캽횧엤좨ꎬ뇭쿖퓚뗖톺좨죋퓚쪵쿖뗖톺좨쪱ꎬ뛔뗖톺컯뗄볛뿮폐폅쿈쫜뎥뗄좨샻ꆣ폅쿈쫜뎥ꎬ쫇횸떱햮컱죋폐뛠룶햮좨죋ꎬ웤닆닺늻ퟣ틔쟥뎥좫늿햮좨쪱ꎬ폐뗖톺좨뗄햮좨죋폅쿈폚웤쯻햮좨죋쫜뎥ꆣ 훊톺 틀뻝ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺떣놣램ꆷ훐뛔뚯닺훊톺뫍좨샻훊톺뗄쿠맘맦뚨ꎬ훊톺쫇횸햮컱죋믲뗚죽죋붫웤닆닺틆붻룸햮좨죋햼폐ꎬ붫룃닆닺ퟷ캪햮좨뗄떣놣ꆣ떱햮컱죋늻싄탐햮컱쪱ꎬ햮좨죋폐좨틀램붫룃닆닺헛볛뗄볛뿮폅쿈쫜뎥ꎬ믲쫇틔엄싴ꆢ뇤싴룃뚯닺믲좨샻뗄볛뿮폅쿈쫜뎥ꆣ햮컱죋믲헟뗚[35]죽죋캪돶훊죋ꎬ햮좨죋캪훊좨죋ꆣ틆붻뗄닆닺캪훊톺뇪뗄컯ꎬ벴훊컯ꆣ훊톺내헕뇪뗄컯뗄쪵컯탎첬뮮럖캪늻뚯닺훊톺ꆢ뚯닺훊톺뫍좨샻훊톺ꆣ 9
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 뗖톺폫훊톺뗄쿠춬뗣ꎺ뗚튻ꎬ뗖톺뫍훊톺뚼쫇틔닆닺놣헏햮좨쪵쿖뗄떣놣랽쪽ꎬ쒿뗄뚼쫇캪쇋놣횤햮좨죋폐킧뗘쪵쿖웤햮좨ꆣ뗚뛾ꎬ떣죎닆닺믲좨샻떣놣뗄훷쳥볈뿉틔쫇햮컱죋ꎬ튲뿉틔쫇햮컱죋틔췢뗄뗚죽죋ꆣ뗚죽ꎬ햮컱죋떽웚캴쟥뎥햮컱쪱ꎬ햮좨죋틀램붫떣놣뗄닆닺믲좨샻헛볛ꆢ엄싴ꆢ뇤싴ꎬ쯹뗃볛뿮폅쿈쫜뎥ꆣ뗚쯄ꎬ쳡릩닆닺믲좨샻떣놣뗄뗖톺죋뫍훊톺죋쫇뗚죽죋뗄ꎬ퓚햮좨죋쪵쿖뗖톺좨뫍훊톺좨뫳ꎬ뗖톺죋훊톺죋뚼폐좨쿲햮컱죋ힷ뎥ꆣ뗚컥ꎬ뚩솢뗖톺ꆢ훊톺뫏춬쪱ꎬ뚼늻뗃퓚뫏춬훐풼뚨ꎬ퓚햮컱싄탐웚쿞뷬싺ꎬ햮좨죋캴쫜쟥뎥쪱ꎬ뗖톺컯뫍훊톺컯뗄쯹폐좨틆캪햮좨죋쯹폐ꆣ 뗖톺폫훊톺뗄늻춬뗣ꎺ뗚튻ꎬ뛔ퟷ떣놣뗄닆닺믲좨샻뗄햼폐랽쪽늻춬ꆣ뗖톺떣놣뗄뗖틖좨죋늻횱뷓햼폐ퟷ캪떣놣뗄뗖컯ꎬ뛸훊톺떣놣뗄훊톺좨죋횱뷓햼폐ퟷ떣놣뗄훊톺컯ꆣ뗚뛾ꎬퟷ떣놣뗄닆닺랶캧늻춬ꎬ릩뗖톺뗄닆닺믲좨샻훷튪쫇췁뗘쪹폃좨ꆢ랿닺뫍웤쯼늻뚯닺틔벰늻뇣햼폐믲틆햼폐펰쿬뗖톺죋짺닺뺭펪뗄믺웷짨놸ꆢ붻춨퓋쫤릤뻟뗈뚯닺ꎬ뛸릩훊톺뗄닆닺믲좨샻훷튪쫇틗틆뗄쟒뮻햼폐(냼삨쳡듦)뛔훊톺죋짺닺뺭펪펰쿬늻듳뗄뚯닺ꆣ늻뚯닺튻냣늻쓜훊톺ꆣ뗚죽ꎬ킧솦랶캧늻춬ꆣ훊톺떣놣뗄랶캧늻뷶냼삨훷햮좨폃샻쾢ꆢ캥풼뷰ꆢ쯰몦엢뎥뷰뫍쪵쿖훊톺좨뗄럑폃ꎬ뛸쟒냼삨훊톺컯뗄놣맜럑폃ꎬ뛸뗖톺떣놣틲늻틆뛔뗖톺컯뗄햼폐ꎬ컞듋쿮럑폃ꆣ뗚쯄ꎬퟷ떣놣뗄닆닺믲좨샻쯹짺샻쾢뗄쫕좡늻춬ꆣ훊톺좨죋폐좨쫕좡훊톺컯쯹짺뗄샻쾢ꎬ뛸뗖톺좨죋횻폐퓚쟥뎥햮컱ꎬ믲죋쏱램풺틀램뿛톺뗖톺컯ꎬ늢붫뿛톺뗄쫂쪵춨횪펦떱쟥뎥램뚨샻쾢뗄틥컱죋뫳ꎬ닅쓜내램뚨돌탲쫕좡ퟔ뿛톺횮죕웰평뗖톺컯럖샫뗄쳬좻샻쾢뫍램뚨샻쾢ꆣ 닺움맀벰뗖톺닺볛횵움맀 20쫀볍70쓪듺틔살ꎬ쫀뷧룷맺뗄닺움맀믮뚯뾪쪼쟷폚맦랶뮯뫍맺볊뮯ꆣ맺볊움맀ힼ퓲죏캪ꎺꆰ닺움맀쫇평뻟폐튻뚨튵횪쪶뫍뺭퇩뗄움맀튵죋풱ꎬ뛔쳘뚨닺뗄볛횵뷸탐움맀맀쯣뗄탐 [36]캪ꆱ룹뻝ꆶ닺움맀ힼ퓲ꆪꆪ믹놾ힼ퓲ꆷ붫닺움맀뷢쫍캪ꎺ닺움맀쫇횸힢닡닺움맀쪦틀뻝쿠맘램싉ꆢ램맦뫍닺움맀ힼ퓲ꎬ뛔움맀뛔쿳퓚움맀믹ힼ죕쳘뚨쒿뗄쿂뗄볛횵뷸탐럖컶ꆢ맀쯣늢랢뇭[37]튵틢볻뗄탐캪뫍맽돌ꆣ닺움맀쫇쫐뎡뺭볃뗄닺컯ꎬ웤튵컱짦벰웳튵볤뗄닺좨죃ꆢ닺훘ퟩꆢ웆닺쟥쯣ꆢ닺뗖톺ꎬ틔벰닆닺놣쿕ꆢ닆닺쓉쮰뗈뺭볃탐캪ꆣ뺭맽뛠쓪뗄랢햹ꎬ닺움맀틑뺭돉캪퓚쿖듺쫐뎡뺭볃훐랢믓믹뒡탔ퟷ폃뗄튵럾컱탐튵횮튻ꆣ 퓚짏쫶뚨틥훐ꎬ닺움맀쫇튻훖맀쯣맽돌믲탐캪ꆣ퓚맀쯣맽돌믲탐캪헢튻듳뗄샠뇰쿂ꎬ닺움맀쟸뇰폚웤쯻맀쯣맽돌믲탐캪뗄쳘헷쫇볛횵ꆣ벴놻움맀닺뗄볛횵쫇닺움맀믮뚯쟸뇰폚웤쯻믮뚯뗄룹놾쫴탔ꎬ쯼뻶뚨쇋닺뗄룹놾쫴탔ꆣ틲듋ꎬ닺움맀뗄놾훊펦쫇볛횵ꆣ 뗖톺닺움맀쪵볊짏쫇닺움맀뗄튻훖샠탍ꎬ쫇닺움맀쳘쫢움맀쒿뗄쿂뗄튻훖움맀ꆣ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쪵볊짏쫇뛔뗖톺닺뗄볛횵뷸탐뗄움맀ꆣ 컒쏇퓚뷨본ꆶ닺움맀ힼ퓲ꆪꆪ믹놾ힼ퓲ꆷ훐뛔ꆰ닺움맀ꆱ뗄뷢쫍뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ뿉틔붫뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뷢쫍캪ꎺ뛔럻뫏뗖톺쳵볾ꎬ늢벺놻떱쫂죋룷랽짨뚨캪뗖톺믲쓢뗖톺뗄닺ꎬ내헕쳘뚨쒿뗄뫍램뚨뇪ힼ돌탲ꎬ닉폃쫊틋뗄랽램ꎬ뛔짨뚨캪뗖톺믲쓢뗖톺뗄닺퓚움맀믹ힼ죕뗄볛횵뷸탐뿍맛뗄움뚨맀쯣ꎬ늢랢뇭튵틢볻뗄탐캪뫍맽돌ꎬ캪뗖톺좨죋좷뚨듻뿮뛮뛈쳡릩닎뾼틀뻝뗄뺭볃탐캪ꆣ10
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 춬쪱ꎬ룹뻝닺움맀뗄놾훊ꎬ뿉틔횪뗀뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄놾훊쫇뗖톺닺뗄볛횵ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쫇뛔럻뫏뗖톺쳵볾ꎬ틑놻떱쫂죋룷랽짨뚨캪뗖톺믲쓢짨뚨캪뗖톺뗄닺ꎬ내헕쳘뚨뗄쒿뗄뫍램뚨뗄뇪ힼ돌탲ꎬ닉폃쫊틋뗄랽램ꎬ틔춳튻뗄믵뇒떥캻뛔웤퓚움맀믹ힼ죕뗄볛횵뷸탐뿍맛뗄움뚨맀쯣ꎬ캪뗖톺좨죋좷뚨듻뿮뛮뛈쳡릩닎뾼틀뻝뗄뺭볃탐캪ꆣ쯦ퟅ뗖톺듻뿮닆닺떣놣뗈뺭볃믮뚯뗄죕틦욵랱닺움맀뺭뎣놻폃살횤쏷닺뗄듦퓚틔벰닺뗄볛횵솿ꎬ틔싺ퟣ틸탐벰폐맘늿쏅랢럅듻뿮뫍뷸탐웤쯻탎쪽죚뗄탨튪ꆣ퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀맽돌훐ꎬ움맀쪦펦ퟱ톭쫊떱탔풭퓲ꎬ쪹폃뿆톧뗄랽램ꎬ톡퓱쫊떱뗄움맀볛횵뇪ힼꎬ쪹폃쫊떱뗄움맀돌탲ꎬ듓뛸놣헏믱뗃쫊떱뗄움맀뷡맻ꆣ [38]뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뛔틸탐뛸퇔ꎬ웤ퟷ폃훷튪쳥쿖퓚죧쿂죽랽쏦ꎺ 튻쫇쳡룟뷨뿮죋뗄캥풼돉놾ꎬ붵뗍캥풼룅싊ꆣ틸탐튪쟳뷨뿮죋쳡릩뗄뗖톺욷훷튪쫇럻뫏ꆶ떣놣램ꆷ튪쟳뗄맺폐췁뗘쪹폃좨ꆢ랿뗘닺ꆢ믺웷짨놸뗈쪵컯닺ꆣ뷨뿮죋믱뗃헢킩뗖톺닺쪱횧뢶튻뚨뗄돉놾ꎬ헢킩뮨럑믲횧돶릹돉쇋뷨뿮죋뗄뷏룟뗄캥풼돉놾ꆣ떱뷨뿮죋죏캪캥풼쫕틦킡폚캥풼돉놾쪱ꎬ돽럇랢짺웆닺쟥쯣뗈웈늻뗃틑뗄쟩탎ꎬ뷨뿮죋늻믡틲듋뛸랢짺캥풼ꆣ떫퓚뷶틀뾿탅폃랽쪽뷸탐듻뿮쪱ꎬ뷨뿮죋퓚좨뫢캥풼뗃쪧뫳ꎬ죏캪캥풼쯹믱뗃뗄쫕틦ꎨ쳓럏틸탐햮컱ꎩ붫듳폚캥풼돉놾ꎬ뷨뿮죋뻍폐샭탔캥풼뗄뚯솦ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뗖톺욷쓜쳡룟뷨뿮죋뗄캥풼돉놾ꎬ붵뗍쇋뷨뿮죋캥풼룅싊ꆣ 뛾쫇복짙럧쿕놩슶뗄폠뛮ꎬ붵뗍캥풼쯰쪧ꆣ뗖톺욷쓜퓚쿠떱뗄돌뛈짏뮺쫍럧쿕ꆣ떱뷨뿮죋캥풼쪱ꎬ틸탐춨맽뒦훃뗖톺욷쯹믱뗃뗄쫕틦ꎬ쪹럧쿕놩슶뗄쫜놣뮤뗄늿럖뿉틔믱뗃폐킧뗖늹ꎬ붵뗍쇋캥풼쯰쪧ꆣ뫏룱뗄뗖톺볈뿉붵뗍뷨뿮죋캥풼룅싊ꎬ폖뿉붵뗍캥풼쯰쪧ꆣ 죽쫇붵뗍볓좨럧쿕닺ꎬ쳡룟놾돤ퟣ싊ꆣ평폚뗖톺뗄럧쿕뮺쫍ퟷ폃ꎬ틲듋ꎬ퓚맺볊짏ꎬ냍죻뛻틸탐볠맜캯풱믡탂뗄놾킭틩튲쏷좷횸돶ꎬ뛔폚춬퇹뗄붻틗ꎬ쪹폃탅폃럧쿕뮺쫍벼쫵뫳뗄놾튪쟳튻뚨뇈캴쪹폃럧쿕뮺쫍벼쫵뗄놾튪쟳뗍ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘쫢탔 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쫇횸뛔럻뫏뗖톺쳵볾ꎬ틑놻떱쫂죋룷랽짨뚨캪뗖톺믲쓢짨뚨캪뗖톺뗄닺ꎬ내헕램뚨뗄뇪ힼ뗄돌탲ꎬ틔춳튻뗄믵뇒떥캻뛔웤쿖탐볛횵뷸탐움뚨맀쯣ꎬ캪뗖톺좨죋좷뚨듻뿮뛮뛈[39]쳡릩닎뾼틀뻝뗄톯탔뺭볃탐캪ꎬ뻟폐쿊쏷뗄쳘뗣ꆣ훷튪뇭쿖퓚ꎺ 뗚튻ꎬ닺뗖톺뷗뛎뗄움맀쫇짨뚨퓚캯맀닺쯹폐좨늻랢짺뇤뮯뗄잰쳡쿂뛸뷸탐뗄닺볛횵본뚨ꆣ떱뗖톺웚싺ꎬ뗖톺죋틔뗖톺닺쟥뎥햮컱쪱튻냣튪쇭탐좷뚨닺볛횵ꎬ풭움맀횵늻쓜ퟷ캪닺좨죃뗄볛횵틀뻝ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀닙ퟷ훐펦닠훘쳥쿖ꆰ쳦듺탔ꆱ풭퓲ꆣ웤쓚몭쫇떱움맀닙ퟷ훐폐뛠룶볛룱뇪ힼ쪱ꎬ펦떱좡ퟮ뗍뗄튻훖ꎬ헢튻풭퓲튲놻죏캪쫇움맀릤ퟷ뗄ꆰ뷷짷탔ꎨ믲컈뚨탔ꎩ풭퓲ꆱꆣ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄ퟚ횼쫇놣헏뷨듻쮫랽뗄뫏램좨틦ꎬ뛸쏦뛔쒿잰듦퓚뗄ꆰ룟맀쳗듻ꆱ쿖쿳ꎬ닺움맀릤ퟷ뗄훘탄펦룼뫃뗘럾컱폚틸탐탅듻릤ퟷꎬퟮ듳쿞뛈뗘놣뮤햮좨죋뗄샻틦ꎬ틔캬뮤탅듻닺뗄낲좫폫뷰죚훈탲뗄컈뚨ꎬ럀횹ꆰ엝쒭뺭볃ꆱ뗄탎돉뫍랢햹ꎬ춬쪱룼쫇캬뮤맺볒닆헾뫍틚췲뒢뮧릫릲샻틦뗄탨튪ꆣ틲듋ꎬ잿뗷쳦듺탔풭퓲뻟폐웤훘튪뗄쿖쪵틢틥ꎬ헢볈쫇뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘뗣쯹퓚ꎬ튲펦쫇뗖톺닺볛횵움맀릤ퟷ뗄믹놾뗄ꆢ뗚튻캻뗄튪쟳ꆣ 뻟쳥살붲ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쳘쫢탔훷튪폐틔쿂벸룶랽쏦ꆣ 11
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐샻틦쿠맘헟뗄쳘쫢탔 (1)뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄샻틦쿠맘헟 [40]뗖톺죋ꎺ쫇횸캪떣놣햮컱뗄싄탐뫍햮좨뗄뗄쪵쿖뛸쳡릩닆닺뗄죋ꆣ뗖톺죋볈뿉틔쫇햮컱죋놾죋ꎬ튲뿉틔쫇햮컱죋틔췢뗄뗚죽죋ꆣ뗖톺죋쿭폐뛔폚뗖톺닆닺쿭폐햼폐좨ꆢ뗖톺닆닺뗄돶ퟢ좨ꆢ뿉뻍춬튻뗖톺닆닺쪣폠뗄떣놣볛횵짨뚨뗖톺ꆢ죃뗖톺닺뗈좨샻ꎬ춬쪱ꎬ뗖톺죋뮹펦돐떣쿠펦뗄틥컱ꎬ죧ꎺ펦놣돖뗖톺닆닺뗄췪헻ꎻ죴뗖톺죋뛔뗖톺닆닺뗄쟖몦탐캪떼훂뗖톺닆닺뗄볛횵복짙ꎬ뗖톺죋펦떱믖뢴뗖톺닺뗄풭ힴ믲쳡릩폫웤복짙뗄볛횵쿠떱뗄떣놣ꎻ퓚뗖톺닆닺믙쯰ꆢ쏰쪧쪱ꎬ뗖톺죋펦떱틔웤쯻닆닺듺쳦뗖톺닆닺뗈ꆣ퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐ꎬ뗖톺죋캪듻뿮웳튵ꆣ [41]뗖톺좨죋ꎺ횸뗖톺좨쯹떣놣뗄훷햮좨뗄햮좨죋ꆣ튻냣살쮵ꎬ뗖톺좨죋뻟폐틔쿂뗄좨샻ꎺ놣좫뗖톺좨뗄좨샻ꆢ뗖톺닆닺뗄햼폐좨ꆢ뗖톺닆닺뗄쫕틦좨ꆢ뗖톺좨죋뗄뒦럖좨뗈ꆣ뗖톺좨죋뗄틥컱폐ꎺ략뮹뗖톺닆닺벰췗짆놣맜뗖톺닆닺ꆣ퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐ꎬ뗖톺좨죋캪틸탐뗈뷰죚믺릹ꆣ (2)뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐샻틦쿠맘헟횮볤뗄쎬뛜 틸탐뗈뷰죚믺릹짨훃뗖톺뗄ퟷ폃퓚폚럀랶뷰죚럧쿕,쫇퓚뷨뿮죋뗄뎥뮹쓜솦벴뗚튻뮹뿮살풴횮췢ꎬ틔닺뗖톺컯듺뎥캪쳵볾짨훃쇋뗚뛾뮹뿮살풴ꆣ헢훖듻뿮랽쪽듓샭싛짏붲뇈떥뒿뗚튻훖살풴뛠쇋튻뗀럧쿕웁헏ꎬ떱뗚튻뮹뿮살풴돶쿖컊쳢,뷨뿮죋컞램폃헽뎣뺭펪믮뚯쯹닺짺뗄쿖뷰쇷살맩뮹듻뿮쪱ꎬ틸탐뿉춨맽뒦훃뗖톺컯믱뗃늹뎥ꆣ헽쫇퓚헢룶틢틥짏ꎬ뗖톺컯퓚붵뗍듻뿮럧쿕ꆢ복짙듻뿮쯰쪧랽쏦랢믓ퟅ훘튪ퟷ폃ꆣ튲헽쫇뗖톺닺뗄ꆰ쿖쪵떣놣ퟷ폃ꆱ뫍ꆰ쯻쪱뗄쟥뎥릦쓜ꆱ쪹뗃뷨듻쮫랽뛔[42]뗖톺닺뗄볛횵폐쇋늻춬뗄튪쟳쟣쿲ꆣ [43-44]틸탐뗈뷰죚믺릹랢럅훊톺듻뿮뗄쒿뗄쫇캪쇋좡뗃펯샻늢놣횤듻뿮뗄낲좫ꎬ럀랶탅듻럧쿕ꆣ캪듋ꎬ뷰죚믺릹탨튪퓚쿲뷨뿮웳튵쳡릩듻뿮잰뛔뗖톺닺뷸탐움맀ꎬ틔쫊뛈뗄뇈샽랢럅듻뿮ꆣ뗖톺닺뗄움맀볛횵뛔뷰죚믺릹뫍뷨뿮웳튵뷨듻맘쾵뗄탎돉벰웤좨샻틥컱뗄쪵쪩ꆢ싄탐훁맘훘튪ꆣ떫쫇ힷ쟳펪샻폫럧쿕뺭펪뗄쮫훘쳘뗣쪹뗃뷰죚믺릹튻횱퓚펯샻탔뫍낲좫탔헢뛔쎬뛜횮볤뷸탐뻱퓱ꆣ평폚틸탐듻뿮쫽뛮폫헛뿛싊돉랴랽쿲뇤뚯ꎬ틲듋캪쇋놣횤뷏룟뗄펯샻탔ꎬ틸탐펦삩듳틸탐듻뿮랶캧ꎬ럅뿭듻뿮쳵볾ꎬ뗷뗍뗖톺닺헛뿛싊틔삩듳듻뿮뇈싊ꎬ떫헢믡펰쿬틸탐듻뿮뗄낲좫탔ꎻ좻뛸죧맻튪놣횤뷏룟뗄낲좫탔ꎬ틸탐퓲탨랴웤뗀뛸탐횮ꎬ펦퓚뷷짷탔풭퓲횸떼쿂닉좡탐뚯ꆣ죧뛔뻟폐뗖톺쳵볾뗄닺랶캧뷸탐뷏퇏룱뗄짳뚨ꎻ룹뻝ퟔ짭맦쒣ꆢ럧쿕뗄돐쫜쓜솦뫍뷨뿮웳튵ힴ뿶ꆢ뗖톺닺움맀횵뗈[45-46]틲쯘뷸탐좫쏦뾼싇살짨뚨뗖톺듻뿮뗄헛뿛싊ꎬ튻냣쫇붫헛뿛싊뗷룟틔붵뗍듻뿮뇈샽ꆣ뗖톺닺뗄움맀횵뫍헛뿛싊퓚튻뚨돌뛈짏돉캪쇋틸탐놣횤듻뿮낲좫뗄맘볼ꆣ죧맻퓚뷰죚믺릹뗄헛뿛싊튻뚨뗄잰쳡쿂ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄움맀횵퓲돉쇋놣횤뗖톺듻뿮낲좫뗄ퟮ맘볼뗄틲쯘ꆣ 듓헢룶뷇뛈뾼싇돶랢ꎺ뷰죚믺릹틔캬뮤듻뿮낲좫뗄쒿뗄쿂ꎬ웚췻뗖톺닺뗍맀ꎻ쿠랴ꎬ뷨뿮웳튵뷨뿮뗄쒿뗄쿂ꎬ웚췻뗖톺닺룟맀ꆣ헢솽헟퓚움맀쒿뗄짏듦퓚쏷쿔뗄럖웧ꆣ움맀믺릹퓲쫇뛾헟쎬[47-48]뛜뗄뗷뫍컯ꆣ움맀믺릹ꎨ쪦ꎩퟷ캪뛀솢뗚죽랽펦룃틔튻훖뛔뿍뮧뢺퓰뗄첬뛈뫍늻믡퓚쫐뎡틽웰컳떼뗄랽쪽탎돉늢쳡릩쯻쏇뗄움맀럖컶ꆢ틢볻뫍붨틩ꆣ펦햾퓚릫헽뗄솢뎡ꎬ쮵쏷움맀쒿뗄뫍웚췻폃춾ꎬ좷뚨뗖톺닺볛횵ꎬ늻욫첻죎뫎튻랽ꆣ헢퇹ꎬ뛔폚뗖톺죋살쮵ꎬ헽좷뗄뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쓜릻릫헽뫏샭뗘좷뚨웤쓜릻믱뗃뗄듻뿮뗄뛮뛈ꎬ놣뮤웤펦폐뗄좨샻ꎬ룼뫃뗘듓뗖톺듻뿮훐믱뗃냯훺;뛸뛔뗖톺좨죋뛸퇔ꎬ헽좷뗄뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쓜릻캪뷰죚믺릹헽좷뗘좷뚨뗖톺컯떣놣햮좨뗄랶캧ꎬ붵뗍12
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 뗖톺컯뒦훃럧쿕ꎬ듓뛸뫜듳돌뛈놣횤듻뿮뗄낲좫ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐쪱볤뗣뗄쳘쫢탔 퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐짦벰죽룶훘튪뗄쪱볤뗣ꎺ [49](1)움맀믹ힼ죕ꎺ벴좷뚨닺볛횵뗄믹ힼ쪱볤ꆣ쯼쫇뛔닺뷸탐쟥닩ꆢ뫋쪵틔벰ퟷ캪좷뚨좡볛뇪ힼ뗄죕웚ꆣ (2)뗖톺닺붻틗죕ꎺ헢쫇횸듻뿮웳튵캴쓜내쪱뎥뮹듻뿮ꎬ뗖톺닺놻웈엄싴돶쫛뗄죕웚ꆣ [50][49](3)돶뻟놨룦죕웚ꆣ쯼횸움맀쪦췪돉헻룶움맀맽돌돶뻟움맀놨룦뗄죕웚ꆣ 움맀믹ힼ죕붨솢쇋움맀뗄믹뒡ꎬ뛸움맀놨룦죕뇭쏷움맀쪦믹폚움맀믹ힼ죕쫐뎡ힴ뿶뗄맛뗣쫇캴살뗄ꆢ쿖탐뗄뮹쫇샺쪷뗄ꆣ 내쒿잰맦뚨ꎬ움맀놨룦뗄폐킧웚횸듓놨룦믹ힼ죕웰튻쓪횮쓚폐킧ꎬ벴뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쒿뗄퓚믹ힼ죕횮뫳튻쓪쓚쪵쿖ꎬ놨룦뷡맻쫇폐킧뗄ꎬ뎬맽튻쓪움맀뷡맻쪧킧ꎬ탨튪훘탂뷸탐움맀ꆣ퓚튻냣뗄움맀훐ꎬ움맀쪦좷뚨뗄쫇닺뗄쿖쪱볛횵ꆣ컒맺쒿잰뗄움맀맦랶훐쯹횸뗄폐킧웚쫇내쿖쪱볛횵맦뚨ꎬ캴뾼싇닺뗄맽좥볛횵뫍캴살볛횵ꆣ뛸뗖톺닺뗄붻틗죕쿠뛔폚돶뻟놨룦죕웰살쮵ꎬ뻟폐훍뫳탔뫍늻좷뚨탔ꆣ뗖톺닺붻틗죕폫돶뻟놨룦죕웚횮볤뗄볤룴웚볤뗄뎤뛌튲뻟폐늻좷뚨탔ꆣ폐쪱뫲볤룴쪱볤뎤폚튻쓪ꎬ헢쫇돶뻟뗄움맀놨룦붫쪧킧ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄움맀볛횵붫늻퓙랴펳웤뿍맛볛횵ꆣ 뗖톺닺뗄ퟷ폃폐솽룶랽쏦ꎺ튻쫇캪뷨뿮웳튵쿲뷰죚믺릹짪쟫듻뿮ꎬ싺ퟣ웳튵뺭펪맜샭뗄탨튪ꎻ뛾쫇ퟷ캪뷨뿮웳튵뮹뿮뗄놣횤ꎬ떱웳튵캴쓜뮹뿮쪱ꎬퟷ캪웳튵뗄뗚뛾뗀뮹뿮웁헏ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뗖톺닺[51]뗄놣횤쪱볤뿧뛈뷏뎤ꎬ늻뷶폐쿖쪵떣놣ퟷ폃ꎬ뮹폐쯻쪱뗄쟥뎥릦쓜ꎬ헻룶웚쿞뫍듻뿮웚쿞튻훂ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀늻뷶탨튪좷뚨닺뗄쿖쪵볛횵ꎬ뮹튪좷뚨닺뗄캴살볛횵ꎬ헢쫇폫움맀쪵볹쿠돥춻뗄ꆣ듻뿮웚쿞풽뎤ꎬ움맀웚쿞뗄쎬뛜뻍풽짮ꆣ틲듋ꎬ죧뫎샭쮳움맀믹ힼ죕ꆢ뗖톺닺붻틗죕ꆢ돶뻟놨룦죕웚죽헟횮볤뗄쟸뇰폫솪쾵ꎬ좷뚨뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀믹ힼ죕ꎬ쫇럇뎣훘튪뗄ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐뷡맻퇩횤뗄쳘쫢탔 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐ꎬ뗖톺닺쫇ퟷ캪듻뿮웳튵뗄탅폃떣놣ꎬ죧맻뷨뿮웳튵쓜릻죧웚뎥뮹듻뿮ꎬ퓲뗖톺닺컞탨뒦훃ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄움맀횵컞뇈뷏뇪ힼꎬ뗖톺닺뗄움맀횵컞듓뇈뷏ꎻ죧맻뷨뿮웳튵늻쓜죧웚뎥뮹듻뿮ꎬ퓲탨튪뗈떽놻뗖톺닺쪵볊뒦훃쪱닅쓜뇈뷏ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ죧맻뗖톺닺쪵볊뒦훃쪱쫇퓚놻웈엄싴뗄쳵볾쿂ꎬ폫헽뎣붻틗쳵볾듦퓚쏷쿔뗄늻춬ꎬ퓙볓짏컒맺닺닺좨붻틗쫐뎡잷랢듯ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄폃탔뗈풭틲ꎬ뗖톺닺뒦훃웚쿞뿉쓜뷏뎤ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄붻틗볛횵튲믡돶쿖쏷쿔늻춬ꎬ퓬돉폫뗖톺닺움맀볛횵닮뻠맽듳ꎬ컞램뫋쪵움맀횵뗄헦쪵탔ꆣ뛸붻틗쒿뗄쿂뗄뗖톺닺뗄움맀횵퓚붻틗췪돉쪱뻍쓜릻십짏뗃떽퇩횤ꆣ 13
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 3 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀믹놾샭싛컊쳢럖컶 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쫇뛔럻뫏뗖톺쳵볾ꎬ늢벺놻떱쫂죋룷랽짨뚨캪뗖톺믲쓢뗖톺뗄닺ꎬ내헕쳘뚨쒿뗄뫍램뚨뇪ힼ돌탲ꎬ닉폃쫊틋뗄랽램ꎬ뛔짨뚨캪뗖톺믲쓢뗖톺뗄닺퓚움맀믹ힼ죕뗄볛횵뷸탐뿍맛뗄움뚨맀쯣ꎬ늢랢뇭튵틢볻뗄탐캪뫍맽돌ꎬ캪뗖톺좨죋좷뚨듻뿮뛮뛈쳡릩닎뾼틀뻝뗄뺭볃탐캪ꆣ폫웤쯻뗄움맀쒿쿠뇈ꎬ쯼퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐샻틦쿠맘헟ꆢ쪱볤뗣ꆢ뷡맻퇩횤뗈벸랽쏦듦퓚쳘쫢탔ꆣ놾헂붫룹뻝헢킩쳘쫢탔ꎬ퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀풭퓲ꆢ움맀쒿뗄ꆢ볛횵샠탍ꆢ움맀볙짨벰움맀믹ힼ죕벸랽쏦뷸탐닻쫶ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄풭퓲 닺움맀풭퓲벰뛔닺볛횵뗄펰쿬 닺움맀쫇튻쿮짦벰쏦맣ꆢ헾닟탔뫍벼쫵탔뚼뫜잿뗄뺭볃믮뚯ꎬ튪ퟶ떽릫욽뫏샭ꎬ쓜릻뗃떽짧믡뗄돐죏ꎬ움맀죋풱퓚닺움맀릤ퟷ훐뇘탫ퟱ톭튻뚨뗄풭퓲ꆣ닺움맀풭퓲쫇닺움맀뗄탐캪맦랶ꎬ쫇뗷뷚움맀떱쫂죋룷랽맘쾵ꆢ뒦샭움맀튵컱뗄탐캪ힼ퓲ꎬ움맀죋풱횻폐퓚튻뚨뗄움맀풭퓲쿂ퟶ돶뗄움맀뷡맻닅뻟폐뿉탅탔ꆣ닺움맀뗄풭퓲훷튪냼삨움맀뗄릤ퟷ풭퓲뫍뺭볃벼쫵풭퓲솽룶랽쏦뗄쓚죝ꆣ 닺움맀릤ퟷ풭퓲쫇횸움맀죋풱퓚닺움맀릤ퟷ훐뗄믹놾횸떼쮼쿫ꎬ틔벰뛔움맀죋풱쯘훊뗄튻훖맦랶ꆣ닺움맀릤ퟷ풭퓲쫇평닺움맀릤ퟷ뗄탔훊뻶뚨뗄ꎬ훷튪폐뛀솢탔풭퓲ꆢ뿍맛탔풭퓲ꆢ릫[52]헽탔풭퓲ꆢ뿆톧탔풭퓲ꆢ뿉탐탔풭퓲뗈ꆣ닺움맀뗄뺭볃벼쫵풭퓲쫇횸퓚닺움맀횴튵맽돌훐뗄튻킩벼쫵맦랶뫍튵컱ힼ퓲ꎬ쫇닺움맀죋풱뷸탐뿆톧뗄튵에뛏뗄벼쫵틀뻝뫍횸떼쮼쿫ꆣ퓚닺움맀훐펦떱ퟱ톭뗄뺭볃벼쫵풭퓲훷튪냼삨ꎺ풤웚쫕틦풭퓲ꆢ릱쿗풭퓲ꆢ쳦듺풭퓲뗈ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀풭퓲뗄쳘쫢탔 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쫇룷샠늻춬쒿뗄뗄닺움맀훐뗄튻훖ꎬ쯼샭펦ퟱ톭닺움맀뗄웕뇩풭퓲ꎬ벴돽쇋튪ퟱ쫘뛀솢탔ꆢ뿍맛탔ꆢ뿆톧탔ꆢ릫헽탔ꆢ튵탔뗄릤ퟷ풭퓲횮췢ꎬ뮹튪ퟱ톭닺뗄돖탸뺭펪풭퓲ꆢ쳦듺탔풭퓲뫍릫뾪쫐뎡풭퓲뗈닙ퟷ탔풭퓲ꆣ 돽쇋짏쫶웕뇩풭퓲췢ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀튵컱뮹펦룃룹뻝ퟔ짭튵컱뗄쳘뗣ꎬퟱ톭틔쿂벸뗣풭퓲[53]ꎺ (1)낲좫탔풭퓲ꆣ평폚놻뗖톺닺퓚듻뿮좫늿뮹쟥횮잰뻟폐컯훊놣횤뗄릦쓜ꎬ쯹틔움맀쫇튪쳘뇰힢틢웤낲좫탔ꎬ틔럀횹퓚뗖톺웚볤뗖톺닺뗄럇헽뎣뇡쯰짵훁쿻쪧ꆣ틲듋움맀쪱ꎬ돽쇋쿖쪱뗄릫욽쫐뎡볛횵뗄뾼싇횮췢ꎬ뛔닺뗄쪹폃ꆢ뺭볃쫙쏼ꆢ쫊폃탔뫍웤쯻틲쯘뗄캴살쟩뿶뚼튪뷸탐풤닢ꆣ죧뛔폚뢽쫴폚훷쳥붨훾뗄볲떥닖뿢ꆢ뎵뿢ꆢ쇙쪱붨훾ꎬ믲퓚뫏램붨훾짏퓸붨캥헂붨훾뗈ꎬ쯤폐웤쿖탐볛횵ꎬ떫늻틋쇐죫움맀랶캧ꎬ믲쯤좻뷸탐쇋움맀좴뇘탫폨틔쳘뇰쮵쏷ꎬ틔럀뗖톺웚볤헢늿럖닺볛횵뗄쯰쪧ꆣ 14
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 (2)헦쪵탔풭퓲ꆣ평폚뗖톺웚볤놻뗖톺닺닺좨뗄캴살늻좷뚨탔ꎬ쯹틔퓚움맀쪱뇘탫뫋쪵뗖톺죋닺좨뗄헦쪵탔ꆣ업돽죎뫎늻헦쪵뗄틲쯘ꎬ틔놣횤뗖톺좨죋뗄뫏램좨틦ꆣ뛔폚닺좨늻쟥컺믲늻췪헻뗄쟩뿶펦폨틔쿪쾸뗄뗷닩ꎬ늢퓚움맀놨룦훐쮵쏷ꎬ뛸뛔늻쓜쳡릩죎뫎닺좨횤쏷뫍뿉틔뇦뇰뗄탩볙쟩뿶ꎬ늻쓜죏뿉웤닺뗄좨쫴ꎬ늻쓜움맀웤볛횵ꆣ (3)놣쫘탔풭퓲ꆣ평폚뗖톺듻뿮뗄ퟔ짭쳘탔ꎬ움맀죋풱뛔뗖톺닺뗄캴살쫕틦믲쫐뎡ힴ뿶늻펦폨틔첫샖맛뗄맀볆ꆣ뺡맜춳볆쫽뻝믲헟뺭퇩뇭쏷뗖톺닺ꎨ죧랿뗘닺ꎩ볛횵뿉쓜짏짽ꎬ떫퓚움맀쪱죔틔떱쪱뗄쫐뎡볛횵캪움맀횵ꎬ뛔캴살뗄짽횵늻폨뾼싇ꆣ좻뛸뛔캴살뿉쓜뗄복횵퓲펦룃폨틔돤럖뗄훘쫓ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쒿뗄 닺움맀쒿뗄벰뛔닺볛횵뗄펰쿬 [54]닺움맀뗄쒿뗄폐닺움맀튻냣쒿뗄뫍쳘뚨쒿뗄횮럖ꆣ닺움맀튻냣쒿뗄냼몬ퟅ쳘뚨쒿뗄ꎬ뛸닺움맀쳘뚨쒿뗄퓲쫇튻냣쒿뗄뗄뻟쳥뮯ꆣ 닺움맀뗄튻냣쒿뗄믲닺움맀뗄믹놾쒿뇪쫇평닺움맀뗄탔훊벰웤믹놾릦쓜뻶뚨뗄ꆣ닺움맀ퟷ캪튻훖튵죋쪿뛔쳘뚨쫂볾벰쳘뚨쳵볾풼쫸쿂닺볛횵뗄맀볆뫍에뛏뗄짧믡훐뷩믮뚯ꎬ쯼튻뺭닺짺뻍뻟폐쇋캪캯췐죋틔벰닺붻틗떱쫂죋쳡릩뫏샭뗄닺볛횵톯틢볻뗄릦쓜ꆣ늻싛쫇닺움맀뗄캯췐죋ꎬ믲쫇폫닺붻틗폐맘뗄떱쫂죋ꎬ쯻쏇쯹탨튪뗄컞럇쫇움맀쪦뛔닺퓚튻뚨쪱볤벰튻뚨쳵볾풼쫸쿂닺릫퓊볛횵뗄에뛏ꆣ죧맻컒쏇퓝쟒늻뾼싇닺붻틗믲틽웰닺움맀뗄쳘쫢탨쟳ꎬ닺움맀쯹튪쪵쿖뗄튻냣쒿뗄횻쓜쫇닺퓚움맀쪱뗣뗄릫퓊볛횵ꆣ닺움맀훐뗄릫퓊볛횵뗄튻룶쿔훸쳘뗣ꎬ쫇쯼폫쿠맘떱쫂죋뗄뗘캻ꆢ닺뗄ힴ뿶벰닺쯹쏦쇙뗄쫐뎡쳵볾쿠컇뫏ꎬ늢쟒쎻폐쯰몦쎿룶떱쫂죋뗄뫏램좨틦ꎬ틠쎻폐쯰몦쯻죋뗄샻틦ꆣ 닺움맀뗄쳘뚨쒿뗄횸뗄쫇닺튵컱ꎨ횸뗄쫇틽웰닺움맀뗄뺭볃탐캪ꎬ벴놻움맀닺벴붫랢짺뗄뺭볃탐캪ꎩ뛔움맀뷡맻폃춾뗄뻟쳥튪쟳ꆣ춬퇹뗄닺ꎬ틲캪움맀쒿뗄늻춬ꎬ웤움맀횵튲늻쿠춬ꆣ닺움맀뗄쳘뚨쒿뗄쪵훊짏쫇에뛏쳘뚨쳵볾쿂믲헟뻟쳥쳵볾쿂닺뗄릫퓊볛횵ꆣ컒맺닺움맀쪵볹뇭쏷ꎬ닺튵컱훷튪폐ꎺ닺죃ꆢ웳튵돶쫛ꆢ웳튵볦늢ꆢ웳튵솪펪ꆢ막럝뺭펪ꆢ훐췢뫏ꆢ뫏ퟷꆢ웳튵쟥쯣ꆢ떣놣ꆢ웳튵ퟢ쇞ꆢ햮컱훘ퟩ틔벰틽웰닺움맀뗄웤쯻뫏램뺭볃탐캪뗈ꆣ 닺움맀쳘뚨쒿뗄쫇평틽웰닺움맀뗄쳘뚨뺭볃탐캪쯹뻶뚨뗄ꎬ쯼뛔움맀뷡맻뗄탔훊ꆢ볛횵샠탍뚼폐훘튪뗄펰쿬ꆣ닺움맀쳘뚨쒿뗄늻뷶쫇쒳쿮뻟쳥닺움맀믮뚯뗄웰뗣ꎬ뛸쟒뮹쫇닺움맀믮뚯쯹튪듯떽뗄쒿뇪ꆣ쯼쫇움맀죋풱뷸탐뻟쳥닺움맀쪱뇘탫쫗쿈쏷좷뗄믹놾쫂쿮ꆣ닺움맀쳘뚨쒿뗄쫇뷧뚨움맀뛔쿳뗄믹뒡ꆣ죎뫎튻쿮닺튵컱ꎬ컞싛닺좨쫇럱랢짺뇤뚯ꎬ쯼쯹짦벰뗄닺랶캧뇘탫뷓쫜닺튵컱놾짭뗄훆풼ꆣ닺움맀캯췐랽헽쫇룹뻝닺튵컱뗄탨튪좷뚨닺움맀뗄랶캧ꆣ움맀죋풱늻뷶튪뛔룃랶캧쓚뗄닺좨쫴폨틔쮵쏷ꎬ뛸쟒튪뛔웤볛횵ퟶ돶에뛏ꆣ닺움맀쳘뚨쒿뗄뛔폚닺움맀뗄볛횵샠탍톡퓱뻟폐풼쫸ퟷ폃ꆣ쳘뚨닺튵컱뻶뚨쇋닺뗄듦탸쳵볾ꎬ닺볛횵쫜훆폚헢킩쳵볾벫웤뿉쓜랢짺뗄뇤뮯ꆣ닺움맀죋풱퓚뷸탐뻟쳥닺움맀쪱튻뚨튪룹뻝뻟쳥뗄닺튵컱뗄쳘헷톡퓱폫횮쿠욥엤뗄움맀볛횵샠탍ꆣ내헕닺튵컱뗄쳘헷폫움맀뷡맻뗄볛횵쫴탔튻훂탔풭퓲뷸탐움맀ꎬ 15
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 쫇놣횤닺움맀쟷폚뿆톧ꆢ뫏샭뗄믹놾쳵볾ꆣ 탨튪횸돶뗄쫇ꎬ퓚늻춬쪱웚ꆢ뗘뗣벰쫐뎡쳵볾쿂ꎬ춬튻닺튵컱뛔닺움맀뷡맻뗄볛횵샠탍뗄튪쟳튲믡폐닮뇰ꆣ쎿튻샠닺튵컱퓚늻춬쪱볤ꆢ뗘뗣뫍쫐뎡뮷뺳훐뗄랢짺ꎬ뛔닺움맀뷡맻뗄볛횵샠탍튪쟳늻쫇튻돉늻뇤뗄ꆣ헢뻍쫇쮵닺튵컱놾짭뗄쫴탔틲쪱볤ꆢ뗘뗣벰쫐뎡뮷뺳뗄뇤뮯뛸좷뚨ꆣ닺움맀뷡맻뗄볛횵샠탍폫움맀뗄쳘뚨쒿뗄쿠욥엤ꆢ쿠쫊펦ꎬ쫇횸퓚뻟쳥움맀닙ퟷ맽돌훐ꎬ움맀뷡맻볛횵샠탍튪폨틑뺭짨뚨쇋뗄쪱볤ꆢ뗘뗣ꆢ쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄닺움맀튵컱쿠욥엤ꆢ쿠쫊펦ꆣ죎뫎쫂쿈뮮뚨뗄닺튵컱샠탍폫움맀뷡맻뗄볛횵샠탍쿠욥엤뗄만뚨맘쾵믲쒣탍뚼뿉쓜욫샫믲캥놳뿍맛듦퓚뗄뻟쳥튵컱뛔움맀뷡맻볛횵샠탍뗄쓚퓚튪쟳ꆣ뮻뻤뮰쮵ꎬ닺뗄튵컱샠탍쫇펰쿬짵훁쫇뻶뚨움맀뷡맻볛횵샠탍뗄튻룶훘튪틲쯘ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쒿뗄뗄쳘쫢탔 쯦ퟅ컒맺짧믡훷틥쫐뎡뺭볃뗄랢햹ꎬ틔닺뗖톺살죚춨뷰쫇룷쫐뎡훷쳥뗄튻쿮훘튪믮뚯ꎬ튲쫇틸탐튵ꆢ뷰탨쟳랽횮볤튵컱췹살뗄훘튪쓚죝ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ컒맺룷샠튵틸탐틑쿲짌튵틸탐뇤ꎬ퓚듻뿮쒣쪽뫍랽램뗄톡퓱짏튲훰늽쟷쿲폚뗖톺듻뿮ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮훆뛈벺돉캪짌튵틸탐놣좫닺ꆢ럀랶럧쿕벰럧쿕뮺쫍뗄훘튪듫쪩ꆣ 뗖톺쫇횸뗖톺죋틔ퟔ벺믲뗚죽죋뗄닆닺,춨맽늻틆햼폐뗄랽쪽쿲뗖톺좨죋쳡릩싄풼떣놣뗄탐캪ꆣ햮컱죋늻싄탐햮컱쪱,뗖톺좨죋폐좨틀램뒦훃뗖톺닆닺늢폅쿈쫜뎥ꆣ짨뚨뗖톺뗄룹놾쒿뗄쫇떱듻뿮늻쓜죧웚뎥뮹쪱ꎬ햮좨죋쓜릻좡뗃쓢짨뗖톺좨샻뗄뇤쿖횵ꎬ쓜듯떽뗖톺좨죋햮좨폅쿈쫜뎥뗄쒿뗄ꆣ뗖톺뗄놾훊뻍쫇뛔햮좨뗄놣횤,벴놣횤뗖톺햮좨뗄낲좫ꆣ짨뚨뗖톺좨쫇맺볒틀램뢳폨뗖톺좨죋뛔뗖톺죋싄풼뗄뚽듙좨ꆢ퓚튻뚨쳵볾쿂뛔뗖톺컯뗄뒦럖좨뫍폅쿈쫜뎥좨ꎬ틔놣횤뗖톺햮좨낲좫컞쯰ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ움맀놨룦폖쫇틸탐쾵춳랢럅듻뿮뗄훘튪틀뻝ꎬ쫇틸탐쾵춳뻶뚨쫇릻룸듻뿮웳튵랢럅듻뿮틔벰랢럅듻뿮뗄훘튪틀뻝ꆣ 듓짏쏦뗄럖컶뿉틔횪뗀ꎬ짨뚨뗖톺뗄쒿뗄뻍쫇놣횤틸탐듻뿮뗄낲좫ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀[55]뗄움맀쒿뗄펦룃캪ꆰ놣횤틸탐듻뿮낲좫ꆱꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵샠탍뗄톡퓱 볛횵샠탍벰웤뛔닺볛횵뗄펰쿬 닺움맀훐뗄볛횵샠탍쫇횸닺움맀뷡맻뗄볛횵쫴탔벰웤뇭쿖탎쪽ꆣ쯼쫇뛔움맀볛횵훊뗄맦뚨ꎬ횸떼닺움맀맽돌뗄쪼훕ꆣ움맀볛횵샠탍쫇볛횵움맀뗄뇘튪쳵볾ꎬ잡떱톡퓱움맀볛횵샠탍튲쫇맺볊볛횵움맀ힼ퓲뫍볛횵움맀쪵볹훐ퟮ믹놾뗄횴튵튪쟳뫍횴튵샭쓮ꆣ움맀볛횵샠탍쫇뛔움맀뷡맻뗄훊뗄맦뚨ꎬ횱뷓쳥쿖쇋움맀쒿뗄ꎬ춬쪱쳥쿖쇋움맀뷡맻뗄뺭볃쓚몭ꆣ 퓚뻟쳥뗄볛횵움맀쪵컱훐ꎬ움맀죋풱탨튪룹뻝움맀쒿뗄톡좡뫏쫊뗄볛횵샠탍ꎬ늢뛔쯹닉폃뗄볛횵샠탍뷸탐쏷좷뚨틥ꎬ늢뇘탫뇜쏢닉폃캴뺭뚨틥뗄ꆢ쇽춳뗄볛횵샠탍ꆣ튻떩좷뚨쇋움맀볛횵샠탍ꎬ벴믡펰쿬움맀랽램뗄닉폃뫍움맀닎쫽뗄톡좡ꆣ움맀볛횵샠탍뗄쏷좷ꎬ늻떫쓜뛋헽움맀뗄벼쫵탐캪ꎬ16
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 늢쟒쫇움맀놨룦쪹폃헟헽좷샭뷢뫍뫏샭쪹폃움맀뷡맻뗄뇘좻튪쟳ꆣ짌튵틸탐퓚뗖톺죚뗄맜샭훐ꎬ퓚짳뫋뫍쪹폃췢늿훐뷩움맀믺릹쳡릩뗄움맀놨룦쪱ꎬ뺭뎣폶떽뗄컊쳢횮튻뻍쫇움맀볛횵샠탍뗄쒣뫽ꆣ 볛횵샠탍뗄탎돉늻뷶폫틽웰닺움맀뗄쳘뚨뺭볃탐캪ꎬ벴닺움맀뗄쳘뚨쒿뗄폐맘ꎬ뛸쟒폚놻움맀뛔쿳뗄릦쓜ꆢힴ첬ꆢ움맀쪱뗄쫐뎡쳵볾뗈틲쯘쏜쟐쿠맘ꆣ늻춬뗄볛횵샠탍듓늻춬뗄뷇뛈랴펳쇋닺움맀볛횵뗄쫴탔뫍쳘헷ꎬ웤쯹듺뇭뗄닺움맀볛횵늻뷶퓚탔훊짏쫇늻춬뗄ꎬ퓚쫽솿짏튲듦퓚뷏[56]듳닮틬ꆣ쿂쏦틔쫐뎡볛횵뫍럇쫐뎡볛횵캪샽살쮵쏷늻춬볛횵샠탍뛔움맀횵뗄펰쿬ꆣ ꆶ맺볊움맀ힼ퓲ꆷ훐붫볛횵샠탍럖캪쇋쫐뎡볛횵뫍럇쫐뎡볛횵솽훖ꆣ럇쫐뎡볛횵쫇횸쫐뎡볛횵틔췢뗄볛횵ꎬ쯼쫇튻쾵쇐늻럻뫏닺쫐뎡볛횵뚨틥쳵볾뗄볛횵탎쪽뗄ퟜ돆ꎬ죧퓚폃볛횵ꆢ춶볛횵ꆢ돖탸쪹폃볛횵ꆢ쟥쯣볛횵뗈ꆣ폫쫐뎡볛횵쿠뇈럇쫐뎡볛횵퓲쫇헫뛔폫쳘뚨쫐뎡훷쳥틔벰쳘뚨뗄붻틗뮷뺳뛸퇔뗄ꆣ틔쟥쯣볛횵믲잿훆뇤싴볛횵캪샽ꎬ쟥쯣볛횵믲잿훆뇤싴볛횵쫇횸퓚쿺쫛쪱볤맽뛌ꎬ듯늻떽쫐뎡볛횵뚨틥쯹튪쟳뗄쫐뎡펪쿺쪱볤뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ뇤싴닺쯹쓜뫏샭쫕떽뗄볛횵쫽뛮ꆣ퓚헢훖볛횵샠탍쿂ꎬ놻움맀닺늻뷶듯늻떽쫐뎡볛횵뚨틥쯹튪쟳뗄쫐뎡펪쿺쪱볤ꎬ뛸쟒뒦훃닺뗄튻랽뿉쓜뒦퓚튻훖늻쟩풸믲쫇놻웈뗄쳵볾횮쿂ꆣ헢쪱뗃돶뗄닺뗄움맀횵폫뾼싇닺뗄ퟮ병폃춾믲닺뇤쿖쯹쓜쪵쿖뗄볛횵솿쳵볾쿂ꎬퟔ풸싲랽뫍ퟔ풸싴랽퓚움맀믹ힼ죕뷸탐헽뎣뗄쫐뎡펪쿺횮뫳쯹듯돉뗄릫욽붻틗훐쪵쿖뗄쫐뎡볛횵쫇럇뎣늻춬뗄ꆣ듓뛸뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ볛횵샠탍뛔움맀횵뻟폐뫜듳펰쿬ꆣ퓚늻춬뗄볛횵샠탍쿂ꎬ놻움맀닺ퟮ훕뗄움맀횵뿉쓜듦퓚훘듳닮뇰ꆣ 평폚뷨듻쮫랽뾼싇컊쳢뗄뷇뛈늻춬ꎬ뷨듻쮫랽뛔뗖톺닺뗄볛횵죏쪶짏듦퓚ퟅ쏷쿔뗄럖웧ꆣ뛔폚뷨뿮랽뛸퇔,뗖톺닺쫇웳튵훘튪뗄짺닺튪쯘ꎬ웤볛룱좡뻶폚룃닺폫웤쯻짺닺튪쯘튻웰ꎬ캪웳튵뒴퓬뗄캴살쫕틦뗄쿖횵ꎬ웚췻움맀쪱볙짨헢킩닺내ퟮ병폃춾쪹폃ꎬ믱좡웤벴웚볛횵ꆣ쯹틔ꎬ듓뷨뿮랽뷇뛈뾼싇펦쪹폃쫕틦쿖횵믲쿖탐쫐볛ퟷ캪움맀뗄볛횵샠탍ꆣ폫듋쿠랴ꎬ듻뿮랽퓚뷸탐듻뿮뻶닟쪱ꎬ떱뷨뿮죋뎥햮쓜솦늻ퟣ쪱ꎬ듻뿮뗄떣놣ꆪꆪ뗖톺닺ퟷ캪뮹뿮살풴ꆣ평듋뿉볻,듻뿮죋뛔뗖톺닺힢훘뗄늻쫇쪹폃볛횵ꎬ뛸쫇룃닺듓쿖폐뺭볃쪵쳥럖샫늢놻폃폚캴살뿬쯙뇤쿖뗄볛횵ꆪꆪ떽웚볛횵ꆣ뛸헢쪱뗖톺닺뗄캴살뿬쯙뇤쿖볛횵뇈쯼퓚짺닺뺭펪훐뗄쪹폃볛횵튪뗍ꆣ틲캪듋쪱뗄뗖톺닺뗄쯹폐좨맩캪뷰죚믺릹쯹펵폐ꎬퟷ캪움맀뛔쿳뗄뗖톺닺웤돖탸쪹폃볙짨쪧킧ꎬ횻쓜쪹폃쟥뎥볙짨ꎬ듋쪱붻틗놻쿞훆퓚뷏뛌쪱볤쓚췪돉ꎬ늢쟒붻틗쮫랽뗘캻늻욽뗈ꎬ싴랽쫇럇ퟔ풸뗄놻웈돶쫛ꆣ헢폫퓚릫뾪쫐뎡짏돤럖뺺헹ꆢ폐ퟣ릻쪱볤톡퓱뫍첸에뗄쳵볾췪좫늻춬ꎬ쯹틔떼훂웈쫛쟥뎥볛룱풶뗍폚릫욽쫐뎡볛룱ꆣ틲듋ꎬ듓듻뿮랽뗄뷇뛈뾼싇ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵뗄쳘쫢탔ꎬ뻶뚨쇋웤움맀뗄볛횵샠탍톡퓱횻쓜폃쟥쯣볛횵ꆣ좻뛸뺿뺹쫇닉폃쫐뎡볛횵샠탍뮹쫇쟥쯣볛횵샠탍쒿잰늻싛쫇퓚움맀샭싛뷧뮹쫇쪵컱뷧뛔헢튻컊쳢뗄죏쪶뻹늻쏷좷ꎬ럖웧뷏듳ꆣ평폚늻춬뗄볛횵샠탍듓늻춬뗄뷇뛈랴펳쇋닺움맀볛횵뗄쫴탔뫍쳘헷ꎬ쫇뛔움맀볛횵훊뗄맦뚨ꎬ틲듋쫐뎡볛횵샠탍뮹쫇쟥쯣볛횵샠탍뗄톡좡붫떼훂ퟮ훕움맀뷡맻뗄늻춬ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐볛횵샠탍뗄쫊폃탔럖컶 쒿잰ꎬ움맀샭싛뷧폫쪵컱뷧뛔뗖톺닺움맀볛횵샠탍뗄죏쪶뮹듦퓚쿠떱듳뗄럖웧ꎬ럖웧ퟮ춻돶뗄뇭쿖캪뗖톺닺움맀볛횵샠탍펦룃뚨캻캪폫쫐뎡볛횵뮹쫇쟥쯣볛횵ꆣ떼훂헢튻럖웧뗄돶쿖뗄룹풴퓚폚뾼싇컊쳢뗄뷇뛈늻춬ꆣ 17
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 뛔폚뷨뿮랽뛸퇔,뗖톺닺쫇웳튵훘튪뗄짺닺튪쯘,웤볛횵좡뻶폚룃닺폫웤쯻짺닺튪쯘튻웰캪웳튵뒴퓬뗄캴살쫕틦뗄쿖횵,웚췻움맀쪱볙짨헢킩닺내ퟮ병폃춾쪹폃,믱좡웤벴웚퓚폃볛횵ꆣ쯹틔,듓뷨뿮랽뷇뛈뾼싇,닺뗄뗖톺늢늻룄뇤웤쫐뎡볛횵ꆣ폫듋쿠랴,틸탐퓚뷸탐듻뿮뻶닟쪱,튪뾼싇췲튻뷨뿮죋뎥햮쓜솦늻ퟣ쪱,듻뿮뗄떣놣-뗖톺닺뇘탫ퟷ캪뮹뿮뗄놣횤ꆣ평듋뿉볻,듻뿮죋뛔뗖톺닺힢훘뗄늻쫇쪹폃볛횵,뛸쫇룃닺듓쿖폐뺭볃쪵쳥럖샫늢놻폃폚뗖햮뗄볛횵ꆣ뛸헢쪱뗖톺닺뗄뗖햮볛횵뇈쯼퓚짺닺뺭펪훐뗄쪹폃볛횵춨뎣튪뗍ꆣ틲듋,듓듻뿮랽뗄뷇뛈뾼싇,뗖톺닺뗄쫊틋볛횵샠탍쯆뫵펦룃캪쟥쯣볛횵ꆣ틲듋,죧뫎믱뗃쮫랽뚼죏뿉ꆢ뿍맛릫헽뗄좷뚨닺볛횵돉캪뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쓑뗣,튲돉캪틸탐뗖톺듻뿮튵컱훐뗄훘튪컊쳢ꆣ (1)쫐뎡볛횵샠탍쫊폃탔럖컶 ꆶ맺볊움맀ힼ퓲ꆷ훐뛔쫐뎡볛횵뗄뚨틥캪ꎺퟔ풸싲랽뫍ퟔ풸싴랽퓚움맀믹ힼ죕뷸탐헽뎣뗄쫐뎡펪쿺횮뫳쯹듯돉뗄릫욽붻틗훐쒳쿮닺펦떱뷸탐붻틗뗄볛횵맀볆쫽뛮ꎬ떱쫂죋쮫랽펦룷ퟔ뺫쏷ꆢ뷷[57]짷탐쫂ꎬ늻쫜죎뫎잿웈톹훆ꆣ 컒맺ꆶ닺움맀볛횵샠탍횸떼틢볻ꆷ훐쫐뎡볛횵쫇횸ퟔ풸싲랽뫍ퟔ풸싴랽퓚룷ퟔ샭탔탐쫂쟒캴[58]쫜죎뫎잿웈뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ움맀뛔쿳퓚움맀믹ힼ죕뷸탐헽뎣릫욽붻틗뗄볛횵맀볆쫽뛮ꆣ 룹뻝쫐뎡볛횵뗄뚨틥ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵뻟폐틔쿂튪볾ꎺ 뗚튻ꎬퟔ풸싲랽ꆣ횸뻟폐릺싲뚯믺ꎬ떫늢쎻폐놻잿웈뷸탐릺싲뗄튻랽떱쫂죋ꆣ룃릺싲헟믡룹뻝쿖탐쫐뎡뗄헦쪵ힴ뿶뫍쿖탐쫐뎡뗄웚췻횵뷸탐릺싲ꎬ늻믡쳘뇰벱폚릺싲ꎬ튲늻믡퓚죎뫎볛룱쳵볾쿂뚼뻶뚨릺싲ꎬ벴늻믡뢶돶뇈쫐뎡볛룱룼룟뗄볛룱ꆣ 뗚뛾ꎬퟔ풸싴랽ꆣ횸볈늻ힼ놸틔죎뫎볛룱벱폚돶쫛믲놻잿웈돶쫛ꎬ튲늻믡틲웚췻믱뗃놻쿖탐쫐뎡쫓캪늻뫏샭뗄볛룱뛸볌탸돖폐닺뗄튻랽떱쫂죋ꆣퟔ풸싴랽웚췻퓚뷸탐뇘튪뗄쫐뎡펪쿺횮뫳ꎬ룹뻝쫐뎡쳵볾틔릫뾪쫐뎡쯹쓜듯떽뗄ퟮ룟볛룱돶쫛닺ꆣ 뗚죽ꎬ움맀믹ힼ죕ꆣ횸쫐뎡볛횵쫇쒳튻쳘뚨죕웚뗄쪱뗣볛횵ꎬ뷶랴펳쇋움맀믹ힼ죕뗄헦쪵쫐뎡쟩뿶뫍쳵볾ꎬ뛸늻쫇움맀믹ힼ죕틔잰믲틔뫳뗄쫐뎡쟩뿶뫍쳵볾ꆣ 뗚쯄ꎬ틔믵뇒떥캻뇭쪾ꆣ쫐뎡볛횵쫇퓚릫욽뗄쫐뎡붻틗훐ꎬ틔믵뇒탎쪽뇭쪾뗄캪닺쯹횧뢶뗄볛룱ꎬ춨뎣뇭쪾캪떱뗘믵뇒ꆣ 뗚컥ꎬ릫욽붻틗ꆣ횸퓚쎻폐쳘뚨믲쳘쫢맘쾵뗄떱쫂죋횮볤뗄붻틗ꎬ벴볙짨퓚뮥컞맘쾵쟒뛀솢탐쫂뗄떱쫂죋횮볤뗄붻틗ꆣ 뗚쇹ꎬ닺퓚쫐뎡짏폐ퟣ릻뗄햹쪾쪱볤ꆣ횸닺펦떱틔ퟮ잡떱뗄랽쪽퓚쫐뎡짏폨틔햹쪾ꎬ늻춬닺뗄뻟쳥햹쪾쪱볤펦룹뻝닺쳘뗣뫍쫐뎡쳵볾뛸폐쯹늻춬ꎬ떫룃햹쪾쪱볤펦떱쪹룃닺쓜릻틽웰ퟣ릻쫽솿뗄잱퓚릺싲헟뗄힢틢ꆣ 뗚웟ꎬ떱쫂죋쮫랽룷ퟔ뺫쏷ꎬ뷷짷탐쫂ꆣ횸ퟔ풸싲랽뫍ퟔ풸싴랽뚼뫏샭뗘횪뗀닺뗄탔훊뫍쳘뗣ꆢ쪵볊폃춾ꆢ잱퓚폃춾틔벰움맀믹ힼ죕뗄쫐뎡ힴ뿶ꎬ늢볙뚨떱쫂죋뚼룹뻝짏쫶횪쪶캪ퟔ짭샻틦뛸뻶닟ꎬ뷷짷탐쫂틔헹좡퓚붻틗훐캪ퟔ벺믱뗃ퟮ뫃뗄볛룱ꆣ 쫐뎡볛횵랴펳쇋룷쫐뎡훷쳥ퟩ돉뗄쫐뎡헻쳥뛔놻움맀닺킧폃뫍볛횵뗄ퟛ뫏에뛏ꎬ늻춬폚쳘뚨쫐뎡훷쳥뗄에뛏ꆣ 퓚닺뗖톺뗄쳵볾쿂ꎬ뗖톺닺움맀튵컱폫웤쯻닺움맀튵컱쿠뇈ꎬퟮ쿔훸뗄쟸뇰퓚폚ꎺ틸탐늻뷶맘힢폚웳튵퓚헽뎣펪샻쓜솦쿂뗄뎥햮쓜솦ꎬ뮹룼볓맘힢폚뗖톺닺뗄뇤쿖쓜솦ꆣ뾼싇떽뗖톺닺뗄뇤쿖쟩뿶ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵뻍늻췪좫쫊폃폚뗖톺닺움맀쇋ꆣ쫐뎡볛횵훐ퟔ풸싲랽ꆢퟔ풸싴랽ꆢ떱쫂18
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 죋쮫랽룷ퟔ뺫쏷헢죽룶릹돉튪볾ꎬ퓚닺뗖톺뗄쫐뎡쳵볾쿂쫇쓜릻싺ퟣ뗄ꆣ뛸쫐뎡볛횵훐릫욽붻틗ꆢ닺퓚쫐뎡짏폐ퟣ릻뗄햹쪾쪱볤ꆢ떱쫂죋쮫랽뷷짷탐쫂헢죽룶튪볾퓚닺뗖톺쳵볾쿂늻쓜싺ퟣꆣ퓚뗖톺닺뇤쿖쪱ꎬ틸탐벱폚붫닺돶쫛ꎬ쫕믘듻뿮ꎬ틸탐룼볓맘힢폚닺뗄뇤쿖볛횵ꎬ늻맘힢폚뗖톺닺퓚웳튵짺닺훐쪵쿖뗄볛횵ꆣ틲듋뗖톺닺퓚쫐뎡짏쎻폐ퟣ릻뗄햹쪾쪱볤ꎬ릫욽붻틗튲믡쫜떽쿞훆ꆣ (2)쟥쯣볛횵쫊폃탔럖컶 ꆶ컯좨램ꆷ뗚튻냙웟쪮쳵맦뚨ꆰ떣놣컯좨죋퓚햮컱죋늻싄탐떽웚햮컱믲헟랢짺떱쫂죋풼뚨뗄쪵[59]쿖떣놣컯좨뗄쟩탎ꎬ틀램쿭폐뻍떣놣닆닺폅쿈쫜뎥뗄좨샻ꎬ떫램싉쇭폐맦뚨뗄돽췢ꆱꆣ짌튵틸탐짨뚨뗖톺좨뗄튻룶훷튪쒿뗄뻍쫇퓚뷨뿮죋랢짺캥풼쪱ꎬ춨맽쪵쿖뗄닺쟥쯣틔캬뮤웤좨틦ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쟥쯣볛횵움맀랽램쫇뷰죚닺맜샭릫쮾믲짌튵틸탐뒦훃늻솼닺쪱폃떽뗄훷튪움맀랽램ꆣ뗖톺듻뿮쪱뗖톺욷뗄움맀쫇럱튲펦닉폃쟥쯣볛횵쓘ꎿ ꆶ닺움맀볛횵샠탍횸떼틢볻ꆷ훐쟥쯣볛횵쫇횸퓚움맀뛔쿳뒦폚놻웈돶쫛ꆢ뿬쯙뇤쿖뗈럇헽뎣[60]쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄볛횵맀볆쫽뛮ꆣ쟥쯣볛횵뿉틔횱뷓뫢솿뗖톺닺뗄ퟮ훕떣놣쓜솦ꆣ떫쫇퓚듻뿮훐뷸탐럧쿕뿘훆늢늻쫇짌튵틸탐뗄캨튻쒿뗄ꎬ쳡룟틸탐놾쫕틦튲쫇웤ힷ쟳뗄훷튪쒿뇪ꆣ짌튵틸탐쫇믹폚럧쿕뷸탐탅듻뻶닟뗄ꆣ웤펦퓚쫐뎡췘햹폫럧쿕맜샭횮볤톰헒튻욽뫢뗣ꆣ틲듋ꎬ짌튵틸탐죧퓚뗖톺듻뿮쪱닉좡쟥쯣볛횵샠탍ꎬ퓲뇘붫훆풼웤놾샻폃뗄ퟮ듳뮯ꆣ 듋췢ꎬ쟥쯣볛횵움맀믹ힼ죕뗄톡퓱튲듦퓚컊쳢ꆣ평폚떣놣컯좨죋퓚틀램쿭폐떣놣닆닺쟥쯣쫜뎥좨샻뗄쪱볤ꎬ쫇퓚듻뿮웚쿞뷡쫸쪱ꎬ쓇쎴ꎬ쟥쯣볛횵뗄움맀믹ힼ죕쯆뫵튲펦룃쫇듻뿮떽웚횮죕ꆣ떫죧맻움맀믹ힼ죕쫇듻뿮떽웚죕ꎬ퓲쟥쯣볛횵뗄움맀탨튪뷸탐풤닢ꎬ풤닢훐뗄뗖톺욷뗄컯샭ힴ첬ꆢ쫐뎡쳵볾ꆢ뒦훃쪱볤ꆢ뒦훃랽쪽폫뒦훃럑폃뚼듦퓚ퟅ늻좷뚨탔ꆣ 쟥쯣볛횵쫇뗖톺닺ퟮ캪횱뷓뗄튻훖움맀볛횵샠탍ꎬ웤뿉틔횱뷓뫢솿뗖톺닺뗄떣놣쓜솦ꆣ떫룃볛횵움맀훐ퟮ듳뗄컊쳢쫇뿉닙ퟷ탔뷏닮ꎬ폈웤뛔웚쿞뷏뎤뗄듻뿮뛸퇔ꆣ틲캪쟥쯣볛횵펦움뚨뷨뿮죋캥풼ힴ뿶쿂뒦훃닺뿉쪵쿖뗄뇤쿖볛횵ꎬ떫본폚캴살늻좷뚨탔틲쯘첫뛠ꎬ횱뷓움뚨뻍뷏캪삧쓑쇋ꆣ폐뗄움맀죋풱퓚움맀쟥쯣볛횵쪱ꎬ쫇쿈쟳좡뗖톺닺쟥쯣쪱뗣뗄쫐뎡볛횵ꎬ퓙뷡뫏춬샠탍듻뿮뗄샺쪷캥풼쫽뻝뷸탐헛뿛ꆣ헛뿛싊뗄룟뗍쫇틸탐퓚ퟛ뫏뾼싇움맀뷡맻뫍뗖톺죋뗄탅폃뗈벶ꆢ뺭펪ힴ뿶ꆢ뎥햮쓜솦ꆢ쫐뎡햼폐싊뫍랢햹잰뺰ꆢ뗖톺닺뗄쇷뚯탔뫍뗖톺닺뗄뇤쿖돉놾뗈틲쯘뗄믹뒡짏ퟶ돶뗄에뛏ꆣ뿉볻ꎬ헛뿛싊훐틑뺭뾼싇쇋듻뿮웚볤틔벰뗖톺닺뒦훃쪱틸탐뿉쓜돐쫜뗄럧쿕틲쯘ꎬ헛뿛싊헽쫇뛔헢킩럧쿕틲쯘뗄ퟛ뫏돌뛈뗄맀쯣ꆣ떱짌튵틸탐닉폃헢퇹뗄쟥쯣볛횵ꎬ퓲뇘붫쳡좡첫뛠뗄럧쿕뒢놸ꎬ쯤좻늻믡룟맀뗖톺닺뗄떣놣쓜솦ꎬ떫짌튵틸탐튲틲듋컞램쪵쿖틸탐놾뗄돤럖샻폃ꆣ 죧맻뗖톺닺움맀볛횵좡쟥쯣볛횵믲뇤쿖볛횵뗄뮰ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺뗄뇤쿖틲쯘퓲뷸탐쇋뛠훘뾼싇ꎬ헢뛔뷨뿮웳튵뛸퇔쫇늻릫헽뗄ꎬ튲쪹쯻쏇믱뗃쇋쿠뛔뷏뗍뗄듻뿮뷰뛮ꎬ뛸쟒폐폚닺움맀뗄뿍맛ꆢ뛀솢ꆢ릫헽풭퓲ꆣ쯹틔ꎬ뗖톺닺움맀볛횵늻펦룃쫇쟥쯣볛횵믲뇤쿖볛횵ꎬ쟥쯣볛횵믲뇤쿖볛횵샠탍뗄톡폃뷏뛠뗄쟣쿲폚틸탐뗈뷰죚믺릹뗄샻틦ꆣ떫뛔폚틸탐뷱뫳뗄듻뿮죎컱튲믡폐훘듳뗄펰쿬ꎬ늻샻폚틸탐듻뿮튵컱뗄랢햹ꆣ 19
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐볛횵샠탍뗄톡퓱 듞뫪퓚ꆶ믹폚틸탐듻뿮낲좫뗄뗖톺듻뿮볛횵움맀ꆷ튻컄훐횸돶ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쫇뷢뻶헢튻컊쳢뗄볛횵샠탍ꆣ폫듋쿠뛔펦ꎬꆶ얷훞움맀ힼ퓲ꆷ뫍탂냍죻뛻킭틩늹돤컄볾훐쳡돶쇋뗖톺듻뿮볛횵ꎬ늢뛔뗖톺듻뿮볛횵ퟶ돶쇋쏷좷뗄뚨틥ꆣ뻟쳥뛸퇔ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쫇횸뾼싇떽닺뗄뎤웚듦탸탔ꆢ헽뎣뗄뫍떱뗘뗄쫐뎡쳵볾ꆢ닺떱잰뗄폃춾뫍뿉톡퓱쫊틋폃춾뗈틲쯘,뺭맽뛔닺뗄캴살뿉돶쫛탔뷸탐뗄뷷짷움맀뗃돶뗄닺뗄움맀볛횵ꆣ퓚움맀뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쪱늻펦룃뾼싇춶믺틲쯘ꆣ헢퇹뚨틥뗄뗖톺닺[61]볛횵샠탍,폫뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄쒿뗄쫇ퟮ쿠럻뫏폫욥엤뗄ꆣ 춨맽뛔뇈럖컶ꎬ컒쏇뿉틔맩쓉돶뗖톺듻뿮볛횵늻춬폚쫐뎡볛횵뗄죽룶쿔훸쳘헷ꎺ (1)낲좫탔ꆣ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵틔낲좫탔캪쫗튪쒿뇪ꎬ헢튻쳘탔쫇헫뛔럧쿕뛸퇔뗄ꆣ얷훞움맀ힼ퓲퓚뚨틥쮵쏷훐튲잿뗷횸돶늻뚯닺뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쫇럧쿕움맀뗄룅쓮ꆣ헢튻뗣뛔틸탐럀랶뷰죚럧쿕뻟폐벫웤훘튪뗄틢틥ꆣ (2)놣쫘탔ꆣ헢쫇폫낲좫탔쳘탔쿠냩뛸짺뗄ꎬ훷튪쫇헫뛔늻뚯닺뗖톺볛횵움맀닙ퟷ뛸퇔ꆣ헢튻쳘헷튪쟳움맀쪦뇘탫틔뷷짷뗄첬뛈ꆢ놣쫘뗄랽쪽뷸탐움맀ꎬ좷놣컈뚨탔뫍뿉돖탸탔캪믹놾풭퓲ꎬ듓뛸쪹뗖톺듻뿮볛횵늻쫜쫐뎡볛룱뫍ퟢ뷰늨뚯뗄펰쿬ꎨ훷튪쫇쫐뎡볛룱뫍ퟢ뷰퓝쪱짏퇯뗄펰쿬ꎩꆣ (3)돖탸탔ꆣ쫐뎡볛횵랴펳뗄쫇릫뾪쫐뎡짏퓚쒳튻쪱뗣듦퓚뗄ퟮ뿉쓜쪵쿖뗄볛룱쮮욽ꆣ뛸뗖톺듻뿮쫇튻룶뷏뎤웚뗄뻟폐튻뚨좷뚨탔뗄짌튵탐캪ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵뻍탨튪돤럖뾼싇떱잰뫍캴살뗄쫐뎡틲쯘뇤뮯뗄펰쿬틔벰평듋듸살뗄럧쿕ꎬ늢뛔캴살돶쫛뗄뿉쓜탔뷸탐맀볆뫍에뛏ꆣ퓚헢튻맽돌훐쯦ퟅ쪱볤뗄뇤뮯뫍쫐뎡뗄늨뚯ꎬ늻뚯닺뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쯤좻튲믡쯦횮뷸탐뚨웚믲늻뚨웚뗄뗷헻ꆣ떫쫇평폚늻뗖톺볛횵뾼싇뗄쫇늻뚯닺뗄컈뚨뫍돖탸탔쳘헷ꎬ틲듋퓚뗖톺듻뿮볛횵움맀훐ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵뫍뗖톺볛횵뗄좷뚨뚼쫇튻룶뚯첬ꆢ솬탸뗄맽돌ꎬ떫뗖톺볛횵쿠뇈쫐뎡볛횵뛸퇔뷏캪컈뚨ꎬ뻟폐튻뚨뗄돖탸탔ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵퓲폐뿉쓜닺짺뷏듳늨뚯ꆣ 룹뻝쫐뎡볛횵뗄뚨틥뿉횪ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵쫇뛔펦폚움맀믹ힼ죕벴움맀쪱뗣뗄튻룶횵ꎬ쯼뗄듳킡쫜닺놾짭ힴ뿶뫍쫐뎡쳵볾뗄펰쿬ꎬ쯦ퟅ쪱볤뗄췆틆ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵붫늻뛏랢짺뇤뚯ꎬ폐쪱짵훁쫇뻧쇒뗄뇤뚯ꆣퟷ캪틸탐듻뿮떣놣컯뗄뗖톺욷뛸퇔ꎬ웤볛횵늻틋쯦쪱볤뗄뇤뮯뛸듳럹뛈뇤뚯ꎬ폈웤쫇퓚듻뿮뫏풼웚볤쓚ꎬퟮ뫃쓜릻놣돖늻뇤ꆣ듓헢뗣살뾴ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵늻첫쫊뫏뗖톺닺ꆣ죴닉좡쫐뎡볛횵샠탍ꎬ뺡맜뗖톺닺뗄캴살볛횵늻횪뗀,떫뛔뷨듻쮫랽살쮵뗖톺닺뗄돵쪼쫐뎡볛횵쫇틑횪뗄ꎬ틸탐틔뗖톺닺뗄돵쪼쫐뎡볛횵캪믹뒡ꎬ룸웳튵랢럅듻뿮ꆣ퓚듋쳵볾쿂,죧맻퓚뫏춬웚볤ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵믡닺짺늨뚯ꎬ횻튪뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵킡폚듻뿮뫏춬뗄볛횵ꎬ쓇뷨뿮랽뗄샭탔톡퓱뇣쫇캥풼ꆣ틲듋ꎬ폃쫐뎡볛횵뷸탐움맀,뛸늻뾼싇닺뗄뎤웚돖탸탔,붫훺뎤웳튵뗄캥풼럧쿕ꎬ쯰몦틸탐듻뿮낲좫ꆣ쫐뎡볛횵샠탍쫇늻쫊뫏뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄볛횵샠탍ꆣ 틔뗖톺듻뿮볛횵좡듺쫐뎡볛횵ꎬ쫇튻훖럻뫏뷨듻룷랽샻틦뗄룄뷸닟싔ꆣ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵헢훖볛횵샠탍늻뷶뾼싇떽닺뗄뎤웚듦탸탔ꆢ헽뎣뗄뫍떱뗘뗄쫐뎡쳵볾ꆢ닺떱잰뗄폃춾뫍뿉톡퓱쫊틋폃춾뗈틲쯘ꎬ럻뫏닺쯹폐랽ꎨ벴뷨뿮랽ꎩ뛔쯹돖폐닺뗄풤웚,늻믡쯰몦닺돖폐헟뗄뺭볃샻틦ꎻ뛸쟒ꎬ평폚룃볛횵샠탍뗄움맀늻뾼싇춶믺틲쯘,늢뾼싇떽쇋닺볛횵뷏뎤쪱웚뗄폐킧탔,럻뫏튻뚨뗄뷷짷풭퓲ꎬ헕맋떽쇋틸탐뗄샻틦ꎬ폫캬뮤웤듻뿮낲좫뗄쒿뗄쿠튻훂ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쫇쫊뫏뗖톺듻뿮움맀뗄볛횵샠탍ꆣ쿂쏦폃춼3-1ퟶ룼뷸튻늽뗄쮵쏷ꆣ 20
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 쫐뎡볛횵 A 뗖톺 B 듻뿮쫽뛮 닺 움맀 C 볛횵 듻뿮쪱볤12 3 춼3-1쫐뎡볛횵뫍틸탐듻뿮쫽뛮뗄맘쾵 Fig. 3-1 The relationship between mortgage market value and bank loans 춼3-1쏨쫶뗄쫇틔쫐뎡볛횵캪움맀볛횵샠탍뗄뗖톺닺움맀볛횵폫듻뿮쫽뛮횮볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ튻냣쟩뿶쿂ꎬ틸탐쫇룹뻝뗖톺닺움맀횵뗄튻뚨뇈샽랢럅듻뿮뗄ꎬ컒쏇붫듋뇈샽돆캪뗖톺듻뿮뇈싊ꎬ벴[62]LTVꆣ평폚쫐뎡볛횵쫇뛔펦폚움맀쪱뗣뗄튻룶횵ꎬ듳킡쫜닺놾짭ힴ뿶뫍쫐뎡쳵볾뗄펰쿬ꎬ퓚듻뿮뫏풼웚볤쓚ꎬ쯦ퟅ쪱볤뫍쫐뎡쳵볾뗄뇤뮯ꎬ쫐뎡볛횵붫늻뛏랢짺뇤뚯ꎬ폐쪱짵훁쫇뻧쇒뗄뇤뚯ꎬ틲듋ꎬ뿉틔붫웤뇤뮯맬벣쏨쫶캪늨샋탎ꎬ벴쫐뎡볛횵퓚웤ퟮ룟횵폫ퟮ뗍횵횮볤ퟷ췹뢴퓋뚯ꆣ컒쏇퓚듻뿮뫏풼웚볤쓚죎틢좡죽룶쪱볤뗣살뷸탐쮵쏷ꆣ볙짨퓚쪱뗣1쪱ꎬ쒳뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵잡뫃듯떽쇋ퟮ룟횵Aꎬ틔뗖톺듻뿮뇈싊(LTV)캪뇪ힼ랢럅틸탐듻뿮쫽뛮캪Bꎻ뗈떽쪱뗣2쪱ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵A붵떽쇋틸탐듻뿮쫽뛮Bꎬ듋쪱뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵잡뫃뗈폚틸탐듻뿮쫽뛮ꎬ틸탐펦쳡웰힢틢ꎬ듻뿮웳튵헽퓚폌풥쫇럱뎥뮹듻뿮ꆣ뗈떽쪱뗣3쪱ꎬ죴뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵죔퓚쿂붵ꎬ쟒웤쫐뎡볛횵붵떽쇋틸탐듻뿮쫽뛮B틔쿂ꎬ캪쫐뎡볛횵Cꎬ듋쪱ꎬ뷨뿮랽웳튵돶폚샭탔뗄뾼싇ꎬ뿉쓜럅웺뮹뿮ꎬ뛸틸탐듻뿮B붫뒦폚럧쿕횮훐ꎬ뿉쓜믡쏉쫜쯰쪧ꎬ쯰쪧쫽뛮캪B-Cꆣ 쫐뎡볛횵 뗖톺 뗖톺듻뿮볛횵 닺 E 움맀 볛듻뿮쫽뛮 F횵 듻뿮쪱볤 춼3-2뗖톺듻뿮볛횵뫍틸탐듻뿮뗄맘쾵 Fig. 3-2 The relationship between mortgage loan value, market and bank loans 21
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 춼3-2쏨쫶뗄쫇틔뗖톺듻뿮볛횵캪움맀볛횵샠탍뗄뗖톺닺움맀볛횵폫듻뿮쫽뛮횮볤뗄맘쾵ꆣ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵잿뗷뗄쫇볛횵뗄뎤웚폐킧탔ꎬ퓚듻뿮웚쿞쓚ꎬ늻뷶쫇튻룶늻뇤뗄뫣솿ꎬ뛸쟒쫽횵킡폚믲뗈폚쫐뎡볛횵ꎬ뿉틔붫웤쏨쫶캪맽튻쳵횱쿟ꆣ듓춼3-2훐뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ틸탐룹뻝뗖톺닺뗄뗖톺듻뿮볛횵E랢럅뗄듻뿮쫽뛮캪Fꆣ퓚듻뿮웚쓚ꎬ컞싛뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵퓵퇹뇤뮯ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄뗖톺듻뿮볛횵뻹캪Eꎬ듻뿮쫽뛮캪F죔좻좫늿뢲룇퓚뗖톺듻뿮볛횵E횮쿂ꎬ틸탐듻뿮쫇낲좫뗄ꆣ 춨맽럖컶뿉횪ꎬ죧맻틸탐듻뿮뻶닟뗄틀뻝쫇쫐뎡볛횵,쯦ퟅ뗖톺닺쫐뎡볛횵뗄늻뛏뇤뚯,듻뿮쫽뛮폐뿉쓜뎬맽뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵ꆣ헢쪱뗖톺닺뗄볛횵붫늻쓜좫뛮뢲룇듻뿮,샭탔뗄뷨뿮랽믡톡퓱캥풼ꎬ듓뛸탎돉틸탐듻뿮럧쿕ꆣ죧맻틔뗖톺듻뿮볛횵캪듻뿮뻶닟틀뻝,뿉틔놣횤퓚헻룶듻뿮뫏풼웚볤,듻뿮뚼붫뢲룇퓚뗖톺닺볛횵횮쿂,틸탐듻뿮낲좫뗃틔놣횤ꆣ쯹틔ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쓜릻룼뫃뗘쳥쿖뗖톺듻뿮움맀쒿뗄뗄튪쟳ꎬ벴놣횤틸탐듻뿮낲좫ꆣ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쫇쫊뫏뗖톺듻뿮움맀뗄볛횵샠탍ꆣ 쯤좻뗖톺볛횵샠탍뗄펦폃퓚떱잰뮹듦퓚뷏듳헹틩ꎬ떫쫇놾컄죏캪뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀샠탍펦룃쫇쟷쿲뗖톺듻뿮볛횵ꆣ쫗쿈ꎬ평폚룃볛횵샠탍뾼싇떽닺뗄뎤웚듦탸탔ꆢ헽뎣뗄뫍떱뗘뗄쫐뎡쳵볾ꆢ닺떱잰뗄폃춾뫍뿉톡퓱쫊틋폃춾뗈틲쯘ꎬ럻뫏닺쯹폐좨랽(뷨뿮랽)뛔쯹돖폐닺뗄풤웚ꎬ죧듋뚨틥뗄뗖톺닺볛횵늻믡쯰몦닺돖폐헟뗄뺭볃샻틦ꎻ웤듎ꎬ평폚룃볛횵샠탍뗄움맀늻뾼싇춶믺틲쯘ꎬ늢뾼싇떽쇋닺뗄캴살뿉돶쫛탔ꎬ럻뫏튻뚨뗄뷷짷풭퓲,뿉틔헕맋떽틸탐뗄샻틦ꎬ폫캬뮤웤듻뿮낲좫뗄쒿뗄늢늻쎬뛜ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐움맀볙짨뗄좷뚨 움맀볙짨벰웤뛔닺볛횵뗄펰쿬 닺움맀ퟷ캪튻쏅뿆톧ꎬ웤샭싛쳥쾵뫍랽램쳥쾵뗄좷솢튲쫇붨솢퓚튻쾵쇐볙짨믹뒡횮짏뗄ꆣ움[63]맀볙짨쫇닺움맀뗃틔뷸탐뗄잰쳡쳵볾ꆣ폫뗖톺닺움맀뗄볛횵샠탍훆풼틲쯘샠쯆ꎬ웤움맀볙짨평폚뾼싇뗄뷇뛈늻춬뿉쓜듦퓚볌탸쪹폃볙짨ꆢ쟥뎥볙짨ꆢ릫뾪쫐뎡볙짨뫍럇릫뾪쫐뎡볙짨뗄럖웧ꆣ 퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐ꎬ틸탐뗄믱샻쒣쪽쫇틔좡샻쾢캪훷ꎬ뿘훆탅듻럧쿕ꎬ놣횤듻뿮낲좫튻횱쫇틸탐뗄뗚튻튪컱뫍믹놾쒿뇪ꆣ틲듋ꎬ듓틸탐듻뿮낲좫뗄놣헏뗗쿟뷇뛈살뾼싇ꎬ뗖톺닺움맀뗄쪱뗣펦룃짨뚨퓚뷨뿮웳튵떽웚늻쓜싄탐뎥햮틥컱ꎬ훂쪹틸탐뛔뗖톺닺뷸탐뒦훃쪱ꆣ듋쪱ꎬ뗖톺닺뒦폚쟥쯣뮷뺳떱훐ꎬ틲듋뗖톺닺퓲펦룃짨뚨퓚쟥쯣볙짨ꆢ럇릫뾪쫐뎡볙짨쿂ꆣ좻뛸ꎬ듓뷨뿮웳튵ꎬ룼뛠뗄듓뗖톺닺쪹폃볛횵뷇뛈뾼싇죏캪펦닉폃돖탸쪹폃볙짨ꆣ 틲듋퓚늻춬뗄볛횵샠탍쿂ꎬ웤쯹ힷ쟳뗄볙짨뗄늻춬뛸떼훂쇋움맀뷡맻뗄닮틬ꆣ죧뫎킭뗷뛾헟뗄쎬뛜쫇뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐뗄튻룶훘뗣컊쳢ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀볙짨럖컶 틀뻝ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺떣놣램ꆷ훐뗄폐맘맦뚨ꎬꆰ햮컱죋늻싄탐햮컱쪱ꎬ햮좨죋폐좨틀헕놾램뗄[64]맦뚨틔룃닆닺헛볛믲헟틔엄싴ꆢ뇤싴룃닆닺뗄볛뿮폅쿈쫜뎥ꆱꆣ쿔좻ꎬ떱햮컱죋늻싄탐햮컱쪱ꎬ틸탐횻쓜춨맽엄싴믲뇤싴랽쪽탐쪹뒦훃좨뫍쫕틦좨ꆣ떱닺뗄쯹폐헟ꆪꆪ틸탐퓚쒳훖톹솦쿂놻잿훆22
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 뷸탐퓚릫뾪쫐뎡돶쫛ꎬ듋쪱뗈볛ꆢ욽뗈붻뮻뗄룱뻖놻듲웆ꎬ볌탸쪹폃풭퓲튻늿럖튲놻웆뮵ꎬ헢쫇튻훖닺움맀뗄쳘쫢탎쪽ꆣ쓇쎴엉짺돶쇋쳘쫢뗄볙짨벴쟥쯣볙짨ꆣ쟥쯣볙짨쫇뛔닺퓚럇릫뾪쫐뎡쳵볾쿂놻웈돶쫛믲뿬쯙뇤쿖쳵볾뗄볙뚨쮵쏷ꎬ쯼쫇믹폚놻움맀닺쏦쇙쟥쯣믲뻟폐잱퓚뗄놻쟥쯣뗄쫂쪵믲헟뿉쓜탔ꎬ헢훖뿉쓜탔뻟폐뷏잿뗄늻좷뚨탔ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ평폚쟥쯣볙짨볙뚨놻움맀닺뒦폚놻웈돶쫛믲뿬쯙뇤쿖쳵볾횮쿂ꎬ놻움맀닺뗄움맀횵춨뎣튪뗍폚퓚릫뾪쫐뎡볙짨잰쳡쿂믲돖탸쪹폃볙짨잰쳡쿂춬퇹닺뗄움맀횵ꎬ쎻폐쎻폐헕맋떽움맀놨룦쪹폃헟룷랽뗄샻틦ꎬ헢폐폚움맀믺릹뛀솢ꆢ뿍맛ꆢ릫헽뗄탔훊ꆣ 릫뾪쫐뎡볙짨뗄쫊폃탔튲횵뗃첽쳖ꆣ릫뾪쫐뎡쫇횸돤럖랢듯폫췪짆뗄쫐뎡쳵볾ꎬ횸튻룶폐ퟔ풸뗄싲헟뫍싴헟뗄뺺헹탔쫐뎡ꎬ퓚헢룶쫐뎡짏ꎬ싲헟뫍싴헟뗄뗘캻쫇욽뗈뗄ꎬ뇋듋뚼폐믱좡ퟣ릻쫐뎡탅쾢뗄믺믡뫍쪱볤ꎬ싲싴쮫랽뗄붻틗탐캪뚼쫇퓚ퟔ풸뗄ꆢ샭훇뗄ꎬ뛸럇잿훆믲늻쫜쿞훆뗄쳵볾쿂뷸[65]탐뗄ꆣ퓚헢훖쳵볾쿂ꎬ닺뗄붻뮻볛횵쫜쫐뎡믺훆뗄훆풼늢평쫐뎡탐쟩뻶뚨ꎬ뛸늻쫇평룶뇰붻틗[66]뻶뚨ꆣ룹뻝ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺짌튵틸탐램ꆷ뗚쯄쪮뛾쳵맦뚨ꎬ짌튵틸탐뛔틲탐쪹뗖톺좨ꆢ훊톺좨뛸좡뗃뗄늻뚯닺ꎬ펦떱ퟔ좡뗃횮죕웰튻쓪쓚폨틔뒦럖ꆣ평폚쫜쫐뎡뮷뺳뫍헾닟쳵볾뗈훷뿍맛틲쯘뗄훆풼ꎬ컒맺뎥햮컯뇤쿖쫐뎡랢폽늻췪짆ꎬ뗖톺욷쓑틔퓚뛌쪱볤쓚틔뫏샭볛룱뇤쿖ꆣ틲듋닺움맀뇘탫돤럖뾼싇뗖톺듻뿮뗄쳘쫢쫐뎡탔ꎬ움맀횵펦뻟폐쿖쪵믲잱퓚뗄뷓쫜쫐뎡볬퇩뗄쳘헷ꆣ 놾컄죏캪ꎬ죧맻듓뷨뿮웳튵뗚튻뮹뿮살풴뫍뷸탐뗖톺듻뿮튵컱뗄돵훔살뾼싇ꎬ쫊폃돖탸쪹폃볙[67]짨ꆣ돖탸쪹폃볙짨쫇뛔쯹튪움맀닺뗄쪹폃ힴ첬뗄튻훖볙뚨탔쏨쫶ꎬ쫇횸퓚뗖톺닺움맀맽돌훐ꎬ뗖톺닺붫내풭폐뗄폃춾볌탸쪹폃ꎬ쟒퓚뇘튪쪱튲뿉틔뮻돉룼룟쫕틦뗄폃춾돖탸쪹폃ꆣ퓚헢튻볙짨튪쟳쿂ꎬ움맀쪱훷튪뾼싇룃닺뗄캴살뗄믱샻쓜솦ꎬ퓚캴살쪹폃훐믡룸쿠맘샻틦훷쳥듸살뛠짙쫕틦ꆣ틲캪ꎬ늻싛쫇뷰죚믺릹뮹쫇뷨뿮웳튵ퟮ쾣췻뾴떽뗄뷡맻쫇쿠춬뗄ꎬ벴ꎺ듻뿮쓜릻헽뎣돖탸ꆢ뗖톺닺뗄닺좨늻랢짺틆ꎻ뗖톺닺횻쫇웰떽뛔뷨뿮웳튵탅폃퓶벶뗄쒿뗄ꎻ뷨뿮웳튵폃헽뎣뺭펪믮[68]뚯쯹닺짺뗄쿖뷰쇷벴ꆰ뗚튻뮹뿮살풴ꆱ죧웚짵훁쳡잰맩뮹듻뿮ꎻ뷰죚믺릹뫍뷨뿮웳튵뻹춨맽뗖톺듻뿮튵컱믱뗃ퟔ짭뗄랢햹ꆢ뷸늽ꎬ듯떽쮫펮ꆣ틸탐짨훃뗖톺뗄쒿뗄쫇뺡뿉쓜뗄좫뛮쫕믘듻뿮ꎬ뗖톺쫇틸탐룸뷨뿮죋쪩볓톹솦죃웤쓜죧웚뮹뿮뗄튻훖랽쪽ꆣ뗚튻뮹뿮살풴쫇뗚튻캻뗄ꎬ헢닅쫇뷸탐뗖톺듻뿮튵컱뗄돵훔ꎬ닅쫇컒쏇쳡뎫늢랢햹룃튵컱뗄룹놾쒿뇪ꆣ듓헢튻뷇뛈돶랢ꎬ뗖톺닺움맀펦쫇퓚돖탸볙짨뗄잰쳡쿂ꎬ벴놻움맀뗄닺헽뒦폚쪹폃ힴ첬늢붫놻볌탸쪹폃쿂좥ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀믹ힼ죕뗄톡퓱 닺움맀뗄움맀믹ힼ죕벰웤뛔닺볛횵뗄펰쿬 닺움맀쫇뛔닺쒳튻쪱뗣뗄볛룱뷸탐맀쯣ꆣ헢튻쪱뗣춨뎣틔ꆰ죕ꆱ살뇭쪾ꎬ놻돆ퟷ움맀믹ힼ죕ꎬ폖돆맀볛웚죕ꆣ쯼쫇좷뚨닺ힴ뿶뫍닺볛횵뗄믹ힼ쪱볤ꎬ튲쫇움맀뷡싛뾪쪼돉솢뗄튻룶쳘뚨쪱죕ꆣ 쫂컯쫇퓚늻뛏랢햹뇤뮯뗄ꎬ닺뗄ퟔ좻쫴탔ꆢ웳튵ퟔ짭뗄짺닺뺭펪믮뚯뫍췢늿뺭볃뮷뺳뗄늻뛏뇤뮯뻶뚨쇋웳튵닺쎿쪱쎿뿌컞늻뒦퓚퓋뚯뫍뇤뮯횮훐ꎬ닺뗄쫽솿ꆢ뷡릹ꆢ탎첬틠늻뿉쓜뎤웚놣돖늻뇤ꎬ닺뗄볛룱튲믡쯦쪱볤뗄뇤뮯뛸늨뚯ꆣ떫닺움맀쫇좷뚨닺쒳튻쪱뗣뗄뺲첬볛횵ꎬ늢럇 23
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 좷뚨닺쎿쪱쎿뿌뗄볛횵뇤뚯맽돌뫍뇤뚯쟷쫆ꆣ헢헽쫇닺움맀폫웤쯻닆컱럖컶뫍볛룱맜샭뗄쟸뇰쯹퓚ꎬ벴닺움맀뗄쿖쪵탔쳘뗣뗄뇭쿖ꆣ듓닺움맀뗄쒿뗄살뾴,닺움맀럾컱폚닺좨뇤뚯ꎬ럾컱폚닺좨뇤뚯훐랢짺뗄룷샠뺭볃탐캪ꎬ헢킩뺭볃탐캪뗄랢짺뚼폐튻룶쪱볤뗣ꎬ죧릤짌힢닡뗇볇죕ꆢ솪펪믲뫏뫏춬뗄잩뚨죕ꆢ뗖톺듻뿮킭틩뗄잩뚨죕ꆢ뺭볃뻀럗뗄랢짺죕뗈뗈ꎬ룷쿠맘떱쫂죋쯹맘탄뗄튲헽쫇헢튻쪱뗣뗄닺볛횵ꎬ훁폚틔잰뗄볛룱죧뫎ꎬ뛔뇤뚯뫳뗄닺좨쯹폐죋살쮵늢늻훘튪ꎬ훁폚캴살볛룱뇤뚯쯹듸살뗄럧쿕ꎬ탂뗄닺좨돖폐죋튲샭펦폐돐떣뗄탄샭ힼ놸ꎬ벴뇣쫇튪풤닢캴살볛룱ꎬ튲탨튪좷뚨캴살뗄믹ힼ쪱뗣ꎬ럱퓲움맀쪦붫컞듓ퟅ쫖ꎬ놨룦뗄쪹폃죋튲믡컞쯹쫊듓ꆣ틲듋,캪쇋뇣폚닺움맀뗄쪵볊닙ퟷ뇣폚놨룦쪹폃죋뛔움맀뷡맻뗄뫏샭샻폃ꎬ퓚닺움맀쪱뇘탫좷뚨움맀믹ힼ죕ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐폐맘죽훖움맀믹ힼ죕뗄뾼싇 맘폚움맀믹ힼ죕뗄좷뚨컊쳢ꎬ쪵볊짏쫇움맀뗖톺닺퓚쪲쎴쪱뗣뗄볛횵ꆣ헫뛔뗖톺닺움맀뗄[69]탨튪ꎬ뿉쓜폐죽훖톡퓱ꎺ (1)뗖톺좨짨뚨쪱ꆣ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쫇뛔뗖톺닺쿖쪱볛횵뗄릫퓊움뚨맀쯣ꆣ틔듋캪닎뾼틀뻝ꎬ햮좨죋퓙룹뻝뗖톺닺뗄놣횵퓶횵잱솦ꆢ뿉뇤쿖쓑틗돌뛈ꆢ뗖톺컯쏰쪧뗄뿉쓜탔벰뗖톺웚뎤뛌뗈ퟛ뫏틲쯘좷뚨뗖톺싊뫍듻뿮뛮ꆣ뗖톺닺움맀뷡맻폐킧웚폫웤쯻움맀튵컱튻퇹ꎬ폐킧웚캪튻쓪ꎬ틔쇭튻룶뷇뛈붲ꎬ뗖톺듻뿮뫏춬펦퓚움맀믹ힼ죕뫳튻쓪쓚잩뚨ꆣ (2)뗖톺닺볛횵랢짺뷏듳뇤뮯쪱ꆣ죧퓚뗖톺웚볤틲ퟔ좻솦믲웤쯻늻뿉뾹솦뗄풭틲틔벰웳튵뺭펪탨튪ꎬ퓬돉뗖톺닺볛횵복짙뎬맽튻뚨럹뛈ꎬ탨뗖톺죋쳡릩폫복짙뗄볛횵쿠떱뗄떣놣쪱ꎬ펦뛔폠쿂뗖톺닺뫍탂짨뚨뗄뗖톺닺뷸탐움맀ꆣ헢튲쫇놣뮤햮좨죋샻틦ꆢ럀횹얪탩ퟷ볙쿖쿳랢짺뗄폐킧듫쪩ꆣ (3)뗖톺좨쪵쿖벴뗖톺닺뇤쿖쪱ꆣ헢쪱뗄뗖톺닺움맀쫇뛔뗖톺웚싺쪱뗖톺닺뿉뇤쿖볛횵뗄움뚨맀쯣ꎬ벴뛔뗖톺닺캴살풤웚볛횵뗄움맀ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐움맀믹ힼ죕뗄좷뚨 튻냣살쮵ꎬ움맀믹ힼ죕펦룃평캯췐움맀랽좷뚨ꎬ떫쿖쪵움맀쪵볹훐ꎬ캯췐죋췹췹쎻폐쏷좷뗄ꆰ움맀믹ힼ죕ꆱ룅쓮ꎬ쯻쏇횻쫇냑ퟔ틑뗄움맀쒿뗄룦횪쫜췐움맀믺릹ꎨ움맀죋풱ꎩꎬ틲듋쿖쪵훐뗄ꆰ움맀믹ힼ죕ꆱ튻냣쫇캯췐움맀랽뫍쫜췐움맀랽룹뻝움맀쒿뗄릲춬퇐뺿좷뚨ꆣ퓚헢훖쟩뿶쿂ꎬ움맀죋풱놾짭뛔움맀쒿뗄쓚몭뗄샭뷢뻍뿉쓜횱뷓펰쿬떽움맀믹ힼ죕뗄ퟮ뫳좷뚨ꆣ 쿖쪱움맀쪵볹훐ꎬ쒳킩움맀죋풱ꎨ믲쒳킩맺폐닺움맀맜샭떱뻖죋풱ꎩ좷뚨ꎨ믲죏뿉ꎩ움맀믹ힼ죕뗄믹놾쮼쿫쫇ꎺ움맀믹ힼ죕뻠샫움맀놨룦죕ퟮ뫃뷓뷼ꎬ움맀믹ힼ죕뻠샫움맀놨룦죕뗄뻠샫늻쓜[70]뎬맽튻쓪ꆣ놾컄죏캪ꎬ튪쟳움맀믹ힼ죕뻠샫움맀놨룦죕풽뷼풽뫃ꎬ컞럇쫇죏캪죧듋룼죝틗ힼ좷움맀캯맀닺뗄쿖쪱볛횵ꆣ쫂쪵짏ꎬ컒쏇뗄움맀죎컱펦룃쫇좷뚨믹ힼ죕뗄쿖쪱릫퓊볛횵ꎬ뛸럇놨룦죕뗄쿖쪱릫퓊볛횵ꎬ틲듋움맀믹ힼ죕뻠샫움맀놨룦죕뗄쪱볤뎤뛌ꎬ늢늻횱뷓펰쿬믹ힼ죕움맀뛔쿳뗄릫퓊볛횵ꆣ튲탭움맀믹ힼ죕뻠샫움맀놨룦죕뷏뷼ꎬ룼죝틗쫕벯떽쿠맘뗄벼쫵쇏ꎬ떫쫇컒쏇좷뚨움맀믹ힼ죕늻쓜듓움맀벼쫵뷇뛈돶랢ꎬ뛸펦듓폐샻폚캯췐움맀쒿뗄폐킧쪵쿖돶랢ꆣ 쯦ퟅ1996쓪ꆶ훐뮪죋쏱릲뫍맺떣놣램ꆷ뗄냤늼쪵쪩ꎬ닺뗖톺ퟷ캪튻훖떣놣탎쪽퓚뺭볃믮뚯훐24
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 놻맣랺닉폃ꆣ쒿잰ꎬ컒맺틸탐쾵춳쳡룟탅듻닺낲좫탔훷튪뗄춾뺶쫇붵뗍탅폃듻뿮뗄뇈훘ꎬ퓶듳뗖톺떣놣듻뿮뗄뇈훘ꆣ뗖톺튵컱뗄맣랺퓋폃ꎬ튻랽쏦뷢뻶쇋틸탐쾵춳탅듻낲좫뗄컊쳢ꎬ쳡룟쇋탅듻닺뗄낲좫탔ꎬ쇭튻랽쏦ꎬ컒맺웳튵늻싛듳킡ꎬ뻹뿉틔욽뗈뗄듓틸탐쾵춳믱뗃쫽뛮늻뗈뗄듻뿮ꎬ룼폐샻폚웳튵뗄랢햹ꆣ 짨뚨뗖톺뗄룹놾쒿뗄쫇떱듻뿮늻쓜죧웚뎥뮹쪱ꎬ햮좨죋쓜릻좡뗃쓢짨뗖톺좨샻뗄뇤쿖횵ꎬ쓜듯떽뗖톺좨죋햮좨폅쿈쫜뎥뗄쒿뗄ꆣ뗖톺뗄놾훊뻍쫇뛔햮좨뗄놣횤ꎬ벴놣횤뗖톺햮좨뗄낲좫ꆣ튲뻍쫇쮵ꎬ떱웳튵뗄뗚튻뮹뿮살풴늻쓜뎥뮹웳튵뗄듻뿮쪱ꎬퟷ캪웳튵뗚뛾뮹뿮살풴뗄뗖톺닺뻍튪쪵쿖쯼[71]뗄뗖톺ퟷ폃ꎬ뇤쿖엄싴쟥뎥듻뿮ꆣ틲듋ꎬ틸탐붫웤듻뿮뛮뛈폫뗖톺닺뗄볛횵솪쾵웰살ꎬ춨맽뛔뗖톺닺볛횵뗄좷뚨ꎬ틸탐살좷뚨웤뛔웳튵뗄듻뿮쫽뛮ꆣ뗖톺닺뗄볛횵쫇틸탐좷뚨웳튵듻뿮쫽뛮뗄뻶뚨틲쯘ꎬ듓헢룶뷇뛈살뾼싇ꎬ뗖톺닺뗄움맀믹ힼ죕펦룃좷뚨캪퓚뗖톺좨짨뚨쪱ꎬ벴뗖톺듻뿮잰뗄쒳튻죕ꆣ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쫇뛔뗖톺닺쿖쪱볛횵뗄릫퓊볛횵뷸탐움뚨맀쯣ꆣ틔듋캪닎뾼틀뻝ꎬ햮좨죋퓙룹뻝뗖톺닺뗄놣횵퓶횵잱솦ꆢ뿉뇤쿖쓑틗돌뛈ꆢ뗖톺컯쏰쪧뗄뿉쓜탔벰뗖톺웚뎤뛌뗈ퟛ뫏틲쯘좷뚨뗖톺싊뫍듻뿮뛮ꆣ 본폚쒿잰쪵볊훐ꎬ틸탐뗄듻뿮웚쿞튻냣뚼퓚튻쓪웚쓚ꎬ뻹캪뛌웚뷨뿮ꎬ뎤웚뷨뿮뷏짙ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵퓚헢튻쓪뗄쪱볤쓚랢짺뻧쇒뇤뚯뗄뿉쓜탔뷏킡ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺퓙듎뷸탐움맀뗄뿉쓜탔뫜뗍ꎬ춬쪱ꎬ움맀럑폃튲쫇웳튵뫍틸탐뾼싇뗄틲쯘횮튻ꎬ틲듋ꎬ뛔폚잰쏦쯹쳡떽뗄움맀믹ힼ죕뗄뗚뛾룶톡퓱ꎬ벴뗖톺닺볛횵랢짺뷏듳뇤뮯쪱ꎬ늻폨뾼싇ꆣ 뛔폚잰쏦쯹쳡떽뗄움맀믹ힼ죕뗄뗚죽룶톡퓱ꎬ벴뗖톺좨쪵쿖벴뗖톺닺뇤쿖쪱ꎬ헢쪱ꎬ웳튵뗄뗚튻뮹뿮살풴돶쿖쇋컊쳢ꎬ뷨뿮죋컞램폃헽뎣뺭펪믮뚯쯹닺짺뗄쿖뷰쇷살맩뮹듻뿮쪱ꎬ틸탐뿉춨맽뒦훃뗖톺컯믱뗃늹뎥ꆣ헢쪱뫲ꎬ뗖톺닺늻쫇ퟷ캪웳튵훘튪뗄짺닺튪쯘ꎬ웤볛횵좡뻶폚룃닺폫웤쯻짺닺튪쯘튻웰캪웳튵뒴퓬뗄캴살쫕틦뗄쿖횵ꎬ뛸쫇룃닺듓쿖폐뺭볃쪵쳥럖샫늢놻폃폚뗖햮뗄볛횵ꆣ듓헢룶뷇뛈붲ꎬ듋쪱뗄움맀쒿뗄뇤캪쇋뇤쿖쟥뎥ꎬ폫틸탐틔뗖톺닺뗄볛횵ퟷ캪랢럅듻뿮뗄틀뻝뗄쒿뗄늻튻훂ꎬ움맀믹ힼ죕뗄뗚죽룶톡퓱ꎬ벴뗖톺닺볛횵랢짺뷏듳뇤뮯쪱ꎬ늻폨뾼싇ꆣ틲듋ꎬ놾컄죏캪ퟷ캪뗖톺듻뿮움맀뗄움맀믹ힼ죕펦떱뚨캪ꆪꆪ뗖톺좨짨뚨쪱ꎬ벴듻뿮랢럅잰뗄쒳튻쳬ꆣ 25
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 4 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀랽램뗄첽쳖 닺움맀믹놾랽램퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐뗄쫊폃탔럖컶 닺움맀랽램쫇쪵쿖놻움맀닺퓚쳘뚨쳵볾쿂맀볆횵뗄벼쫵쫖뛎ꎬ쯼쫇퓚뷨본웤쯻톧뿆벼쫵랽램뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ뷡뫏ퟔ짭믮뚯뗄쓚퓚튪쟳뫍맦싉ꎬ폃닺움맀뗄벼쫵쮼쿫볓틔훘ퟩ뫍맦랶ꎬ쯹릹돉뗄닺움맀랽램쳥쾵ꆣ움맀랽램ꎬ쫇럖컶뫍에뛏닺움맀볛횵뗄쫖뛎뫍춾뺶ꆣ뛔춬튻닺퓋폃늻춬뗄움맀뇪ힼ닉폃늻춬뗄움링랽램뗃돶뗄움맀뷡맻뿉쓜쫇듳쿠뺶춥뗄ꆣ쒿잰닺움맀훐쪹폃뗄죽훖믹놾[72]랽램럖뇰쫇ꎺ쫐뎡램ꆢ돉놾램뫍쫕틦램ꆣ 쫐뎡램뗄풭샭벰쫊폃탔럖컶 쫐뎡램ꎬ쫇횸룹뻝쫐뎡짏틑폐뗄춬샠믲샠쯆닺뗄뷼웚붻틗볛룱쫽뻝ꎬ붫놻움맀닺폫춬샠믲샠쯆닺뷸탐뇈뷏ꎬ좻뫳룹뻝쯼쏇횮볤뗄틬춬ꎬ뛔틑폐뗄볛룱쫽뻝뷸탐쿠펦뗷헻뗄벼쫵쮼슷ꆣ쫐뎡램쫇룹뻝쳦듺풭퓲ꎬ닉폃뇈뷏뫍샠뇈뗄쮼슷벰랽램에뛏닺볛횵쮮욽뗄움맀벼쫵맦돌ꆣ폃쫐뎡램움맀뗃돶뗄움맀뷡맻틲캪횱뷓살풴폚쫐뎡폖펦폃폚쫐뎡ꎬ쯹틔뫜죝틗놻뷓쫜쪹폃ꆣ퓋폃쫐뎡램맀볆닺볛횵뇘탫튪싺ퟣ솽룶믹놾쳵볾ꎺ (1ꎩ믮풾뗄릫뾪쫐뎡ꆣ퓚릫뾪쫐뎡훐폐훚뛠뗄싲헟뫍싴헟ꎬ늢쟒쯻쏇뗄붻틗탐캪쫇ퟔ풸뗄ꎬ헢퇹닅쓜랴펳돶닺뗄헽뎣ꆢ욽뻹볛룱쮮욽ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ믮풾뗄쫐뎡뿉틔벰쪱랴펳쫐뎡뗄릩쟳ힴ뿶뗈탅쾢ꎬ벴뛔싲싴쮫랽살쮵붻틗탅쾢쫇벰쪱뗄ꆣ ꎨ2ꎩ퓚믮풾뗄릫뾪쫐뎡훐ꎬ튪폐춬샠믲샠쯆닺벰웤뿉믱뗃뗄붻틗탅쾢ꆣ춬샠믲샠쯆닺벰웤붻틗탅쾢쫇쫐뎡춾뺶뗃틔돉솢뗄믹놾잰쳡ꆣ쎻폐뿉뇈뷏뗄닺ꎬ믲벴쪹폐떫쎻폐뿉폃뗄붻틗탅쾢ꎬ쓇쎴춨맽뇈뷏램살맀쯣닺볛횵뗄쮼슷룹놾뻍늻믡듦퓚ꆣ 닉폃쫐뎡램뗄맘볼쫇쓜릻헒떽뫏쫊뗄닎헕컯ꆣ퓚랢듯맺볒ꎬ쫐뎡쫽뻝쫇뫜럡뢻뗄ꎬ뛸퓚탂탋쫐뎡ꎬ쫐뎡쫽뻝쿠뛔쾡짙뗄뛠ꆣ퓚닺(폈웤쫇랿뗘닺)쫐뎡랢폽뷏캪돉쫬뗄맺볒뫍뗘쟸ꎬ죧펢맺ꆢ쏀맺ꆢ죕놾ꆢ컒맺첨췥뫍쿣룛뗈뗘ꎬ평폚틗폚헒떽훚뛠쿠쯆뗄뿉뇈닺ꎬ쯹틔퓚룷샠닺움맀훐맣랺닉폃쫐뎡뇈뷏램ꆣ떫퓚튻킩닺쫐뎡짐늻릻돉쫬뗄뗘쟸ꎬ뻍뫜쓑닉폃헢훖랽램뷸탐맀볛ꆣ뛸쟒ꎬ벴뇣쫇퓚닺쫐뎡뇈뷏랢듯뗄뗘쟸ꎬ쫐뎡뇈뷏램퓚쒳킩쟩뿶쿂튲늻듳쫊폃ꎬ죧평폚쒳킩풭틲떼훂쳘뚨쟸폲퓚튻뛎뷏뎤뗄쪱웚쓚쎻폐랢짺닺붻틗뗄쟩탎ꆣ쇭췢ꎬ뇈뷏램탨튪퓚붻틗쟩뿶ꆢ붻틗죕웚ꆢ닺쳘헷뗈랽쏦뛔뇈뷏뛔쿳뷸탐탞헽ꎬ헢룶맽돌뫜쓑닉폃솿뮯뗄볆쯣릫쪽ꎬ횻쓜평맀볛죋풱욾웤횪쪶뫍뺭퇩뷸탐에뛏ꎬ헢튲붫펰쿬맀볛뗄ힼ좷탔ꆣ 닉폃쫐뎡램움맀뗖톺닺볛횵쪱ꎬ펦힢틢쪹폃쫐뎡램뗄잰쳡쫇럱뻟놸ꎬ좷뚨뻟폐뫏샭뇈뷏믹뒡뗄샠쯆놻뗖톺닺붻틗ퟷ캪닎헕뛔쿳ꎬ쯑벯샠쯆놻뗖톺닺붻틗뗄쫐뎡탅쾢ꆣ떱폫샠쯆놻뗖톺닺뻟폐뿉뇈탔쪱ꎬ룹뻝뫪맛뺭볃ꆢ탐튵뫍좨쫴뇤뮯쟩뿶ꎬ뾼싇붻틗쳵볾ꆢ쪱볤틲쯘ꆢ붻틗뗘뗣뫍펰쿬볛횵뗄웤쯻틲쯘랽쏦뗄닮틬ꎬ뗷헻좷뚨움맀횵ꆣ떫떱잰펦폃쫐뎡램움맀뗖톺쳵볾쿂뗄닺뮹뻟폐뫜뛠뻖쿞탔ꎬ놻뗖톺닺붻틗쫐뎡늻믮풾ꎬ붻틗탅쾢뗄샻폃탔뷏닮ꎬ닎헕컯뿉뇈쳵볾뫜쓑싺ퟣ뗈뗈ꆣ 26
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 돉놾램뗄풭샭벰쫊폃탔럖컶 돉놾램쫇듓짺닺헟뗄뷇뛈돶랢ꎬ춨맽뾼싇훘훃폫놻움맀닺릦쓜뫍탂뻉돌뛈쿠춬뗄닺쯹탨뮨럑뗄뇘튪럑폃ꎬ살맀쯣놻움맀닺볛횵뗄튻훖움맀쮼슷ꆣ돉놾랽램틔샍뚯볛횵싛캪웤샭싛믹뒡ꎬ벴퓚쳵볾퓊탭뗄쟩뿶쿂ꎬ죎뫎튻룶잱퓚뗄춶헟퓚뻶뚨춶쒳쿮닺쪱ꎬ쯻쯹풸횧뢶뗄볛룱늻믡뎬맽릺붨룃쿮닺뗄쿖탐릺붨돉놾ꆣ놻움맀닺뗄쿖탐릺붨돉놾ꎬ쫇횸퓚릺붨폫놻움맀닺릦쓜쿠춬뗄좫탂닺쯹뮨럑뇘튪럑폃뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ뷸튻늽뿛돽놻움맀닺뗄룷훖뇡횵탔펰쿬틲쯘뛸뗃돶뗄릺붨돉[73]놾ꆣ룃움맀랽램뗄럖컶쮼슷뿉틔폃릫쪽룅삨캪ꎺ 움맀뛔쿳뗄볛횵=닺뗄훘훃돉놾-닺쪵쳥탔뇡횵-닺릦쓜탔뇡횵-닺뺭볃탔뇡횵 ꎨ4-1ꎩ 돉놾랽램뗄퓋폃튲뇘탫뻟놸틔쿂벸룶잰쳡쳵볾ꎺ (1)놻움맀닺뒦폚볌탸쪹폃ힴ첬믲볙뚨뒦폚볌탸쪹폃ힴ첬ꆣ횻폐볙뚨놻움맀닺뒦폚볌탸쪹폃ힴ첬쪱ꎬ쪹폃헟믲잱퓚춶헟닅믡맘탄쯼뗄돉놾ꎬ닅믡붫웤릺싲볛룱폫쿖탐릺붨돉놾뷸탐뇈뷏ꆣ틲듋ꎬ볌탸쪹폃볙짨쫇돉놾랽램퓋폃뗄믹놾잰쳡ꆣ (2)쓜릻믱뗃놻움맀닺뗄룷쿮샺쪷돉놾쇏ꆣ돉놾랽램뗄퓋폃ꎬ튪쟳뇘탫쓜릻믱뗃맽좥릺붨룃닺쪱뗄룷훖샺쪷쫽뻝ꎬ헢쫇훘탂맀쯣닺돉놾뗄믹뒡ꆣ (3)탎돉닺볛횵뗄뫄럑쫇뇘탫뗄ꆣ뫄럑쫇탎돉닺뗄믹뒡ꎬ떫늢늻쫇쎿튻쿮뫄럑뛔닺볛횵뗄탎돉뚼쫇뇘늻뿉짙뗄ꆣ틲듋ꎬ퓚펦폃돉놾랽램쪱ꎬ튻뚨튪뫏샭쟸럖쓄킩뫄럑쫇뇘탫뗄ꎬ쓄킩쫇폫닺볛횵탎돉컞맘뗄ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ뇘탫뗄뫄럑펦쳥쿖짧믡욽뻹벼쫵쮮욽ꎬ뛸늻쓜틔쒳튻탐튵믲웳튵뗄룶뇰벼쫵쮮욽살뫢솿탎돉닺뗄뫄럑솿ꆣ 듓샭싛뷇뛈ꎬ횻튪쫇뿉틔맀쯣웤돉놾뗄랿뗘닺ꎬ뚼뿉틔닉폃돉놾램맀볛ꆣ떫쫇ꎬ쿖쪵짺믮훐닺뗄볛룱좡뻶폚웤킧폃ꎬ뛸늻쫇쯹뮨럑뗄돉놾ꎻ닺돉놾뗄퓶볓늢늻튻뚨쓜퓶볓웤볛횵ꎬ춶죫돉놾늻뛠튲늻튻뚨쮵쏷웤볛횵늻룟ꆣ쇭췢ꎬ닉폃돉놾램뷸탐맀볛뇈뷏럑쪱럑솦ꎬ쓑뛈ퟮ듳뗄뻍쫇쯰뫄뗄볆쯣ꎬ폈웤쫇뛔돂뻉뗄닺ꎬ췹췹쫇틔맀볛죋풱뗄훷맛에뛏캪틀뻝ꎬ헢춬퇹믡펰쿬맀볛뗄ힼ좷탔ꆣ 쫕틦램뗄풭샭벰쫊폃탔럖컶 쫕틦랽램ꎬ쫇횸춨맽뫏샭맀볆놻움맀닺뗄캴살쫕틦쿖횵살맀쯣닺볛횵뗄튻훖럖컶쮼슷ꆣ헢튻벼쫵쮼슷쫇룹뻝ꆰ붫놾쟳샻ꆱ뗄쓦쿲쮼캬랽쪽뗃돶뗄ꆣ룹뻝쫕틦랽램뗄쮼슷ꎬ죎뫎튻룶샭훇뗄춶헟퓚릺훃믲춶폚쒳튻닺쪱ꎬ쯹풸틢횧뢶믲춶뗄믵뇒쫽뛮늻믡룟폚쯹릺훃믲춶뗄닺퓚캴살쓜룸웤듸살뗄믘놨ꎬ벴쫕틦뛮ꆣ쫕틦랽램쫇틀뻝킧폃볛횵싛듓춶헟뗄뷇뛈살럖컶닺볛횵뗄탎돉ꎬ헢훖럖컶쮼슷룼틗폚캯췐랽뗄샭뷢뫍뷓쫜ꆣ 틀뻝쫕틦랽램뗄믹놾쮼슷ꎬ캪쇋뿆톧뫏샭뗘맀쯣움맀뛔쿳뗄볛횵ꎬ뇘탫뻟놸틔쿂죽룶잰쳡쳵볾ꎺ (1)닺뗄풤웚쫕틦뿉틔뫏샭맀볆늢쓜틔믵뇒볆솿ꆣ닺뗄캴살풤웚쫕틦쫇쫕틦랽램뗃틔펦폃뗄믹뒡ꎬ쫇움맀뛔쿳볛횵뗄풴좪ꆣ횻폐움맀뛔쿳뗄캴살풤웚쫕틦춬쪱싺ퟣ뫏샭맀볆뫍믵뇒볆솿헢솽룶튪쯘ꎬ닅쓜폃쫕틦램살맀쯣움맀뛔쿳뗄볛횵ꆣ캪쇋싺ퟣ헢솽룶쳵볾뻍뇘탫튪쟳움맀뛔쿳폫웤쫕틦뛮횮볤듦퓚컈뚨뗄뇈샽맘쾵ꆣ 27
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 (2)닺펵폐헟믱뗃풤웚쫕틦쯹돐떣뗄럧쿕튲뿉틔풤닢늢뿉틔폃믵뇒뫢솿ꆣ믱뗃쫕틦뗄춬쪱뇘좻튪돐떣튻뚨뗄럧쿕ꎬ뛔폚춶헟살쮵ꎬ럧쿕풽듳ꎬ웤튪쟳뗄춶믘놨싊튲뻍쿠펦풽룟ꆣ뛔움맀뛔쿳풤웚돐떣럧쿕뗄풤닢뫍뫢솿훷튪쳥쿖퓚헛쿖싊뗄톡퓱랽쏦ꆣ (3)닺풤웚믱샻쓪쿞뿉틔풤닢ꆣ퓚쫕틦랽램쿂ꎬ풤웚믱샻쓪쿞횱뷓펰쿬헟움맀뛔쿳볛횵뗄듳킡ꆣ믱샻쓪쿞풽뎤ꎬ움맀뛔쿳뗄풤웚쫕틦뛮뻍풽뛠ꎬ웤풤웚쫕틦뗄쿖횵튲뻍풽듳ꎬ뷸뛸평듋맀쯣돶뗄움맀뛔쿳뗄볛횵튲뻍풽룟ꆣ 평폚쫕틦램훐믹놾닎쫽뗄좷뚨쫜움맀죋풱훷맛펰쿬뷏듳틔벰컒맺떱잰뗄쫐뎡랢햹뷗뛎뗄쳘쫢탔ꎬ뚼퓶볓쇋쫕틦램쪹폃뗄쓑뛈ꆣꋙ뗖톺닺닺짺뗄풤웚쫕틦뗄맀쯣뷏쓑ꆣ쪵볹훐ꎬ평폚뗖톺닺뗄캴살쫕틦쫜뛠훖틲쯘펰쿬뫍훆풼ꎬ늻뿉풤볻탔뫜잿ꎬ듓뛸떼훂쫕틦램뛔캴살쫕틦뗄풤닢뫍뛔닺믱샻쓜솦뗄에뛏듸폐뷏듳뗄훷맛탔뫍쯦틢탔ꎬ풤닢쓑뛈뷏듳ꆣꋚ놾뮯싊ꆢ헛쿖싊뗄좷뚨뷏삧쓑ꆣ샭싛짏ꎬ헛쿖싊펦냼삨컞럧쿕샻싊ꆢ럧쿕놨돪싊ꎬ웤훐럧쿕놨돪싊뗄좷뚨놾짭뻍뇈뷏삧쓑ꎬ퓙볓짏뗖톺헢튻쳘쫢움맀쒿뗄ꎬ럧쿕놨돪싊뗄좷뚨쫇쓑짏볓쓑ꆣꋛ뗖톺닺뗄뺭볃쫙쏼풤닢튲듦퓚튻뚨쓑뛈ꆣ 뿉틔뾴돶ꎬ쯤좻쫕틦뮹풭램뗄믹놾쮼쿫볲떥쏷쇋ꎬ틗폚샭뷢ꎬ뛸쟒듓샭싛짏살붲ꎬ쫕틦램뗄움맀뷡싛뮹뻟폐뷏뫃뗄뿉뾿탔뫍쮵럾솦ꎬ떫쫇퓚쫕틦램뗄볆쯣훐ꎬ좷뚨쫊떱뗄헛쿖싊ꆢ쫕틦쓪쿞뫍풤닢닺캴살뒿쫕틦늢늻죝틗ꆣ뛔폚쎻폐쫕틦뗄닺믲헟쫕틦컞램닢쯣뗄닺ꎬ컞램닉폃쫕틦램쪵쪩움맀ꎬ뛸쟒캴살쫕틦뗄맀쯣튲쫜떽웳튵뺭펪맜샭쮮욽뗄펰쿬ꆣ퓚쪵볊닙ퟷ훐ꎬ뮹풭샻싊뗄좷뚨쯦틢탔듳ꎬ췹췹뛔움맀뷡맻닺짺뷏듳펰쿬ꆣ죧맻쓜릻뛔닺뗖톺웚볤틔벰뒦훃믲뇤쿖쫐뎡훐뗄룷훖펰쿬뗖톺닺볛횵뗄틲쯘뚼쓜뷏뫃뗄냑컕ꆢ풤닢뫍맀닢ꎬ쓇쎴뛔폚뗖톺헢튻쳘쫢움맀쒿뗄닺볛횵뗄펰쿬뻍쓜릻뷏뫃뗄뷢뻶ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀랽램뗄좷뚨 [74]닺움맀랽램쫇쪵쿖움뚨맀쯣닺볛횵뗄벼쫵쫖뛎ꆣ뛔폚쳘뚨뗄뺭볃탐캪ꎬ퓚쿠춬뗄쫐뎡쳵볾쿂ꎬ뛔뒦퓚쿠춬ힴ첬쿂뗄춬튻닺뷸탐움맀ꎬ웤움맀횵펦룃쫇뿍맛뗄ꆣ퓋폃늻춬뗄움맀랽램움맀춬튻닺ꎬ뇘탫놣횤움맀쒿뗄ꆢ움맀잰쳡ꆢ놻움맀뛔쿳ힴ첬뗄튻훂ꎬ틔벰퓋폃늻춬움맀랽램쯹톡퓱뗄뺭볃벼쫵닎쫽뫏솦ꆣ닺움맀랽램뗄뛠퇹탔ꎬ캪움맀죋풱톡퓱쫊떱뗄움맀랽램ꎬ폐킧뗘췪돉움맀죎컱쳡릩쇋쿖쪵뿉쓜ꆣ캪룟킧ꎬ볲뷝ꆢ쿠뛔뫏샭뗘맀닢닺볛횵ꎬ움맀랽램뗄톡퓱튪폫움맀쒿뗄ꆢ움맀쪦뗄쫐뎡쳵볾ꆢ놻움맀뛔쿳퓚움맀맽돌훐쯹뒦뗄ힴ첬ꎬ틔벰평듋쯹뻶뚨뗄움맀볛횵샠탍쿠쫊펦ꎻ움맀랽램뗄톡퓱쫜움맀뛔쿳뗄샠탍ꆢ샭뮯ힴ첬뗈틲쯘훆풼ꎻ움맀랽램뗄톡퓱쫜룷훖움맀랽램퓋폃쯹탨뗄쫽뻝쇏벰훷튪뺭볃벼쫵닎쫽쓜럱쯑벯뗄훆풼ꆣ맘폚닺움맀랽램뗄톡퓱뫍쪹폃ꎬ쪵볊짏쫇튵움맀죋풱룹뻝쪵볊쳵볾풼쫸쿂뗄닺뗄볛횵뷸탐샽탐뗄럖컶ꆢ싛횤뫍뇈뷏뗄맽돌ꆣ퓚움맀랽램뗄톡퓱맽돌훐ꎬ펦힢틢틲뗘훆틋뫍틲쫂훆틋ꎬ늻뿉믺킵뗘톡퓱떥튻랽램뷸탐움맀ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀랽램뗄ퟜ쳥쮼슷 짏컄훐뛔닺움맀뗄죽훖믹놾랽램뗄믹놾풭샭벰쫊폃탔럖컶뷸탐쇋쿪쾸뗘닻쫶ꎬ죽훖믹놾랽램28
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 늻쓜뫜뫃뷢뻶뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢ꎬ맘볼퓚폚짏쫶랽램훷튪쫇헫뛔쫐뎡볛횵샠탍뗄ꎬ퓚헢쫐뎡볛횵샠탍뗄쳵볾쿂쎻폐뛔뗖톺닺뗄뗖톺럧쿕뷸탐돤럖뾼싇ꆣ뛸뗖톺닺움맀볛횵샠탍붫뗖톺뗄럧쿕돤럖뗄뾼싇뷸좥ꆣ뗖톺볛횵움맀쫇퓚뗖톺볛횵샠탍쿂룼뛠뗄펦떱뾼싇웤럧쿕ꎬ헢훖럧쿕뿉틔듓솽룶랽쏦뷢뻶ꎬ튻쫇퓚퓋폃죽훖믹놾랽램쪱쎿룶닎쫽횸뇪뚼뾼싇럧쿕틲쯘ꎬ헢뻍탨튪욾움맀쪦뗄훷맛에뛏ꎬ닮틬뷏듳ꎬ움맀럧쿕뷏듳ꎻ쇭튻훖랽램쫇퓚움맀헽뎣뗄쫐뎡볛횵믹뒡짏ꎬ퓶볓튻룶럧쿕쾵쫽ꎬ붫뗖톺닺뗄룷훖럧쿕ퟛ뫏뾼싇뷸좥ꎬ떫쓑뗣퓚폚헢룶럧쿕쾵쫽죧뫎좷뚨ꎬ쒿잰움맀샭싛뫍쪵볹훐뚼쎻폐뫜뫃뗄뷢뻶냬램ꆣ놾뷚퓋폃ퟛ뫏움에뫍닣듎럖컶샭싛ꎬ뛔럧쿕쾵쫽뷸탐닢쯣ꎬ늢쳡돶쇋뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램뛔뗖톺닺뗄볛횵뷸탐움맀ꆣ 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램뗄쳡돶 뛔폚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀살붲ꎬ뗖톺쫇웤쳘쫢쯹퓚ꆣ틲듋ꎬ쯹톡뗄움맀랽램펦룃쓜돤럖쳥쿖놻움맀닺뗄뗖톺볛횵ꆣ뛸닺움맀뗄죽훖믹놾움맀랽램쎻폐뛔뗖톺닺뗄뗖톺럧쿕뷸탐돤럖뾼싇ꎬ쯹움맀돶뗄볛횵늻쓜랴펳돶놻움맀닺뗄뗖톺볛횵ꎬ헢죽훖믹놾랽램퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐쫇늻쫊폃뗄ꆣ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램쫇퓚닺움맀훐뗄쫐뎡램ꆢ돉놾램뫍쫕틦램뗈죽훖믹놾움맀랽램캪믹뒡짏쳡돶뗄ꆣ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램쫇횸붫닺뗖톺웚볤훮뛠틲쯘뛔웤볛횵늨뚯뗄펰쿬폫헽뎣쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄닺볛횵움맀훐뗄움맀닎쫽럖샫살ꎬ쿈럖뇰닢쯣놻뗖톺닺뗖톺웚볤훮뛠틲쯘뛔웤볛횵늨뚯뗄펰쿬뫍쓢뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵ꎬ좻뫳퓙맀쯣닺퓚뗖톺쿂뗄움맀횵뗄랽램ꆣ 퓚헢훖뾼싇랽쪽쿂ꎬꆰ뗖톺ꆱ헢튻쳘쫢움맀쒿뗄뻍놻럖샫돶살ꎬ뛀솢뾼싇ꆣ뿉틔럖뇰뗃돶놻뗖톺닺퓚헽뎣쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄럇뗖톺볛횵뫍뗖톺쳵볾쿂뗄닺뗖톺뗄움맀횵ꆣ헢뛔폚틸탐뗈뷰죚믺릹살쮵ퟷ폃룼볓쏷쿔ꆣ헢퇹ꎬ틸탐뿉틔룼볓횱맛ꆢ쟥돾뗘뾴떽헽뎣붻틗뫍뗖톺ힴ첬솽훖쳵볾쿂뗄놻뗖톺닺뗄볛횵ꎬ틔룼뫃뗄쇋뷢뗖톺뛔놻움맀닺볛횵뗄펰쿬ꎬ헢붫룼폐샻폚틸탐뛔폚캴살럧쿕뗄냑컕틔벰듻뿮뛮뛈뫍뗖톺싊뗄좷뚨ꆣ평폚놻움맀닺뗄움맀볛횵좡뻶폚퓚쳘뚨쳵볾쿂웤쓚퓚볛횵캴살뗄뿉쪵쿖뗄돌뛈ꎬ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램튻냣틔쫕틦램믲쫐뎡램캪믹뒡ꎬ퓋폃풤웚쫕틦풭샭믲헟붻틗쪵샽뗄뛔뇈럖컶ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺쯹뻟폐뗄믱샻쓜솦뷸탐맀쯣ꆣ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램폫쫕틦램ꆢ쫐뎡램뗄쟸뇰퓚폚ꎬ쫇럱붫놻뗖톺닺퓚뗖톺웚볤훮뛠틲쯘뛔웤볛횵늨뚯뗄펰쿬폫헽뎣쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄놻움맀닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀닎쫽럖샫뾪살ꎬ럖뇰움맀ꆣ 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램뗄믹놾릫쪽 뗖톺닺뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램뗄믹놾릫쪽쫇ꎺ 뗖톺닺움맀횵=쓢뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵ꇁꎨ1-뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽ꎩ ꎨ4-2ꎩ 듓믹놾릫쪽훐컒쏇뿉틔뾴떽ꎬ퓋폃뗖톺닺뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램믡짦벰탭뛠뗄뺭볃벼쫵닎쫽ꎬ웤훐ퟮ훷튪뗄닎쫽폐솽룶ꎬ쯼쏇쫇쓢뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵뫍뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽ꆣ (1)뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵 뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵쫇ퟔ풸싲랽뫍ퟔ풸싴랽퓚움맀믹ힼ죕뷸탐헽뎣뗄쫐뎡펪쿺횮뫳쯹듯돉뗄릫 29
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 욽붻틗훐쒳쿮닺펦떱뷸탐붻틗뗄볛횵맀볆쫽뛮ꎬ떱쫂죋쮫랽펦룷ퟔ뺫쏷ꆢ뷷짷탐쫂ꎬ늻쫜죎뫎잿[75]웈톹훆ꆣ뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵랴펳쇋룷쫐뎡훷쳥ퟩ돉뗄쫐뎡헻쳥뛔놻움맀닺킧폃뫍볛횵뗄ퟛ뫏에뛏ꎬ쓢뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵뗄맀쯣뿉틔틀뻝뻟쳥쟩뿶톡폃쫕틦램ꆢ쫐뎡램믲돉놾램ꆣ샽죧ꎺ뛔폚돶ퟢ뗄킴ퟖ슥뗈랿닺ꎬ떱웤풤웚쫕틦뿉틔풤닢늢뿉틔폃믵뇒볆솿쪱ꎬ믱샻쓪쿞뿉틔풤닢ꎬ쯹돐떣뗄럧쿕튲뿉틔뷏뫃뗄풤닢늢뿉틔폃믵뇒뫢솿뗄쟩뿶쿂뿉틔폃쫕틦램ꆣ뛸뛔폚횱뷓돶쫛뗄랿뗘닺ꎬ죧맻뿉틔헒떽뻟폐뫏샭뇈뷏믹뒡뗄샠쯆놻뗖톺닺붻틗ퟷ캪닎헕뛔쿳ꎬ퓲뿉틔닉폃쫐뎡램뷸탐움맀ꆣ (2)뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽 듓놾훊짏붲ꎬ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽쫇뗖톺펰쿬뇈싊ꎬ쫇횸퓚닺뗖톺움맀훐ꎬ믹폚ꆰ뗖톺ꆱ헢튻쳘쫢쒿뗄뾼싇쿂닺퓚뗖톺움맀뮷뺳훐뛠훖틲쯘뛔뗖톺닺쫐뎡볛횵뗄ퟛ뫏펰쿬돌뛈ꆣ뗖톺펰쿬쾵쫽쫇뿍맛폫훷맛뗘죚뫏ꎬ쟒뿍맛춨맽훷맛룸폚움볛뫍쳥쿖뗄뷡맻ꎬ퓚헢튻맽돌훐훷맛에뛏뻓폚훷떼뗘캻ꆣ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뗄뫏샭좷뚨탨튪싺ퟣꎺ뗖톺닺움맀쯹뒦뗄뿍맛뮷뺳벴쫐뎡뺭볃뗄늻뛏췪짆ꎬ놻뗖톺닺붻틗쫐뎡뗄훰늽랢듯ꆢ맦랶ꎻ움맀탐튵뗄늻뛏랢햹ꆢ뗖톺닺움맀샭싛뫍랽램뗄늻뛏돉쫬ꎻ뗖톺닺움맀쏦쇙뗄훷맛틲쯘벴움맀죋풱뗄튵쯘훊ꆢ횰튵뗀뗂듯떽뷏룟쮮욽뗈랽쏦뗄쳵볾ꆣ 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램뗄돌탲 닉폃뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램뷸탐움맀ꎬ웤믹놾돌탲죧쿂ꎺ (1)쿖뎡뾱달ꎺ움맀죋풱횴탐닺움맀튵컱ꎬ펦떱룹뻝움맀튵컱뗄뻟쳥쟩뿶뛔움맀뛔쿳뷸탐뇘튪뗄뾱달ꎬ쇋뷢움맀뛔쿳뗄믹놾쟩뿶ꆣ퓚쿖뎡뾱닩릤ퟷ훐ꎬ닺움맀죋풱튪쪵뗘뾼달듽움맀닺ꎬ쫕벯웤헋쏦볛횵ꆢ닺좨쟩뿶ꆢ듦퓚ힴ첬ꆢ쪹폃쟩뿶뗈쇏ꎬ캪맀쯣웤볛횵ퟷힼ놸ꆣ (2)쯑벯늢퇩횤폫쓢움맀닺폐맘뗄쫽뻝쇏ꎬ냼삨ꎺ뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡붻틗쟩뿶벰폫뗖톺닺샠쯆닺뗄쫐뎡붻틗쟩뿶ꎬ헻쳥쫐뎡럧쿕쟩뿶뗈ꎻ틔벰짪쟫뗖톺듻뿮웳튵헻쳥뗄맽좥ꆢ쿖퓚틔벰캴살랢햹뗈쟩뿶ꎬ냼삨닆컱ힴ뿶ꆢ뺭펪잰뺰ꆢ뺭펪럧쿕뗈ꆣ (3)럖컶맀쯣쓢움맀뗖톺닺퓚헽뎣쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄쫐뎡볛횵ꆣ틀뻝쓢뗖톺닺뗄뻟쳥쟩뿶ꎬ쯹뒦뗄쳘뚨뮷뺳틔벰죽훖믹놾움맀랽램뗄쪹폃쳵볾ꎬ퓋폃늻춬뗄움맀랽램뛔쓢훊톺횪쪶닺좨뗄쫐뎡볛횵뷸탐맀쯣ꆣ (4)좷뚨닺뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽쾵쫽ꆣ (5)틀뻝쓢뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵뫍뗖톺닺뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽ꎬ럖컶좷뚨움맀뷡맻ꆣ 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뗄맀쯣 컒맺떱잰쫐뎡뺭볃쳵볾늻췪짆ꆢ닺붻틗쫐뎡잷랢듯ꆣ쫗쿈ꎬ늻랢듯뗄닺붻틗쫐뎡폈웤쫇뗖톺닺붻틗쫐뎡룸뗖톺닺볛횵움맀훐샺쪷붻틗낸샽쇏ꆢ떱잰움맀쯹탨쫽뻝죧탐튵랢햹ힴ뿶ꆢ쿠맘닺믱샻쟩뿶ꆢ쫐뎡럧쿕뗈쿠맘탅쾢뗄쫕벯틔벰놻뗖톺닺뿬쯙ꆢ맦랶ꆢ뫏샭뗘뒦훃뇤쿖퓶볓쓑뛈ꆣ웤듎ꎬ컒맺닺움맀웰늽뷏췭ꎬ폫뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쿠맘뗄움맀뺭퇩웕뇩늻ퟣꆢ움맀샭싛믹뒡폐듽뷸튻늽뗄췪짆ꎻ퓙듎ꎬ평폚뗖톺닺볛횵펰쿬틲쯘뻸듳늿럖뚼쫴폚뚨탔틲쯘ꎬ닎쫽뗄좷뚨훷튪쫇평움맀죋풱퓚틔췹뗄붻틗낸샽쇏믹뒡짏ꎬ틀뻝놻움맀닺뗄떱잰쯹뒦뮷뺳ꆢ랢햹ힴ첬ꆢퟔ짭쳘30
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 뗣뗈움맀쿠맘탅쾢ꎬ욾뷨룶죋뗄움맀뺭퇩ꎬ춨맽훷맛횰튵에뛏뗃돶뗄ꎬ쟒움맀죋풱튵쯘훊폐듽쳡룟ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뻍컒맺떱잰뗄쫐뎡쳵볾틔벰닺움맀탐튵랢햹뷗뛎살쮵ꎬ헢킩쳵볾짐캴췪좫뻟놸ꆣ훖훖쿖쪵쟩뿶뚼퓶볓쇋뗖톺닺움맀훐뗖톺펰쿬닎쫽뫏샭좷뚨뗄쓑뛈ꆣ 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽횸뇪쳥쾵뗄릹붨 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄맘볼뻍쫇춨맽뛔닺뗖톺뮷뺳쿂쓢뗖톺닺볛횵룷훖펰쿬틲쯘뗄퇐뺿좷뚨뗖톺펰쿬돌뛈ꎬ틲듋탨튪릹붨횸뇪쳥쾵살에뛏ꆢ맀닢뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뗄듳킡ꆣ캪복짙훷맛탔움볛틲쯘ꎬ붵뗍움볛뷡맻뗄늻좷뚨탔ꎬ퓶잿움맀맽돌뗄뿉닙ퟷ탔ꎬ붨틩뺡솿닉폃뿉틔솿뮯뗄ꆢ틗믱좡뗄움볛횸뇪ꆣ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽쫇튻룶컞솿룙뗄쫽횵ꎬ폃쿠뛔쫽뇭쪾ꎬ웤듳킡평움맀횸뇪횵뻶뚨ꆣ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뗄쫽횵풽듳ꎬ뇭쏷웤뛔뗖톺닺볛횵뗄펰쿬풽듳ꎬ쪹뗃쓢뗖톺닺뗄움맀횵풽킡ꎻ쿠랴ꎬ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽풽킡ꎬ퓲쓢뗖톺닺뗄움맀횵풽듳ꆣ 퓚릹붨튻냣닺뗖톺펰쿬돌뛈움맀횸뇪쳥쾵쪱ꎬ펦룃ퟱ톭캨컯뇧횤램훐솪쾵맛뗣ꆢ랢햹맛뗣뫍좫쏦맛뗣ꎬ붫쓢뗖톺닺ퟔ짭쳵볾ힴ뿶ꆢ쓢뗖톺닺쯹뒦뗄뫪맛뮷뺳ꆢ캢맛뮷뺳ힴ뿶뗈뚼쓉죫떽뗖톺닺볛횵움맀닎쫽뻶뚨틲쯘훐살ꆣ떫퓚뻟쳥뗄움맀낸샽훐ꎬ뮹펦룃퓚튻냣뗖톺펰쿬돌뛈움맀횸뇪쳥쾵뗄믹뒡짏ꎬퟱ톭뻟쳥컊쳢뻟쳥럖컶뗄풭퓲ꎬ볡돖훘뗣싛ꎬ랴뛔뻹뫢싛ꎬ벴틀뻝쓢뗖톺닺뗄쳘뗣벰쯹뒦뮷뺳폐훘뗣뗄톡좡쯹탨움맀횸뇪ꆣ 뗖톺닺볛횵ퟮ훕쳥쿖캪웤캴살믱샻쓜솦ꎬ틲듋ꎬ뛔뗖톺닺볛횵쪵쿖돌뛈폐펰쿬뗄틲쯘뻹펦쓉죫떽뗖톺펰쿬돌뛈뗄횸뇪쳥쾵훐살ꆣ뗖톺럧쿕펰쿬돌뛈뗄듳킡좡뻶폚쓢뗖톺닺퓚뗖톺뮷뺳훐룷훖틲쯘뗄릲춬ퟷ폃ꎬ늻뷶폫쓢뗖톺닺ꆢ쓢뗖톺닺톺쯹뒦쫐뎡뮷뺳ힴ뿶ꆢ쯹쫴웳튵뗄맽좥ꆢ쿖퓚틔벰캴살랢햹뗈쟩뿶뮹쫜맺볒뫪맛뮷뺳펰쿬ꆣ틔랿뗘닺캪샽ꎬ튻냣뿉틔붫펰쿬뗖톺닺뗖톺럧쿕틲쯘횸뇪폃뇭4-1뷸탐쏨쫶ꆣ 뇭4-1 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽횸뇪쳥쾵 Table 4-1 The index system of pledge’s risk degree 쒿뇪닣 튻벶횸뇪 뛾벶횸뇪 죽벶횸뇪 랿컝뷡릹벰닄쇏 붨훾쏦믽ꆢ뻓힡쏦믽ꆢ붨훾닄쇏 랿컝짨볆벰엤쳗짨쪩 붨훾컯탎ힴꆢ짨볆럧룱ꆢ붨훾컯ힰꆢ 뗖톺닺ퟔ짭틲쯘 쪩릤훊솿 붨훾컯뗄쓍폃쓪쿞ꆢ쪹폃뗄낲좫탔 뗖웤쯻틲쯘 랿컝뗄닉맢뗈 톺럧쯹쫴탐튵벰잰뺰ꆢ쫐뎡죝솿ꆢ쫐뎡햼폐싊쿕쫐뎡틲쯘 쾵벰웤퓶뎤싊ꆢ쫐뎡잱퓚뺺헹 쫽짺닺쓜솦ꆢ쿺쫛쓜솦ꆢ랢햹쓜솦ꆢ탅폃뗈뮷뺳틲쯘 웳튵틲쯘 벶ꆢ짌폾 뺭볃틲쯘 뺭볃랱죙쪱웚ꆢ뺭볃뗍쏓쪱웚 헾닟틲쯘 쟣쿲헾닟ꆢ쿞훆헾닟 31
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뗄맀쯣 평폚뗖톺닺볛횵펰쿬틲쯘뻸듳늿럖뚼쫴폚뚨탔틲쯘ꎬ탨튪움맀죋풱룹뻝움맀릤ퟷ믽샛뗄뺭퇩뛔닺ힴ뿶ꆢ웳튵ힴ뿶벰짧믡뗈ힴ뿶뷸탐에뛏ꎬ냑룷훖틲쯘뛔뗖톺닺볛횵뗄펰쿬뷸탐솿뮯ꆣ틲듋놾컄쓢닉폃ퟛ뫏움볛램뛔뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뷸탐닢솿ꆣ [76]쯹캽ퟛ뫏움볛램(Comprehensive Evaluation Method)쫇뛔움볛뛔쿳뗄뛠훖틲쯘뗄ퟛ뫏볛횵뷸탐좨뫢ꆢ뇈뷏ꆢ폅톡뫍뻶닟뗄믮뚯ꆣ웤믹놾쮼쿫쫇붫뛠룶횸뇪뮯캪튻룶쓜릻랴펳ퟛ뫏쟩뿶뗄횸뇪살뷸탐움볛ꆣퟛ뫏움볛램훐뗄움볛맽돌늻쫇훰룶횸뇪쮳듎췪돉뗄ꎬ뛸쫇춨맽튻킩쳘쫢랽램붫뛠룶횸뇪뗄움볛춬쪱췪돉뗄ꎻ퓚ퟛ뫏움볛맽돌훐ꎬ튻냣튪룹뻝횸뇪뗄훘튪탔뷸탐볓좨뒦샭ꎻ움볛뷡맻늻퓙쫇뻟폐뻟쳥몬틥뗄춳볆횸뇪ꎬ뛸쫇틔횸쫽믲럖횵뇭쪾닎움떥캻ꆰퟛ뫏ힴ뿶ꆱ뗄업탲ꆣ 샻폃ퟛ뫏움볛램좷뚨뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽ꎬ튻랽쏦쫇믹폚쓢뗖톺닺뗖톺럧쿕펰쿬쫇쫜닺뗖톺맽돌훐놻뗖톺닺ꆢ뷨뿮웳튵랢햹쿖ힴ벰잰뺰ꆢ웳튵쯹뒦뗄쫐뎡뮷뺳뗈뛠랽쏦틲쯘릲춬ퟷ폃ꆢ릲춬펰쿬뗄뷡맻ꎻ쇭튻랽쏦쫇본폚ퟛ뫏움볛램헽쫇뛔움볛뛔쿳뗄뛠훖틲쯘뗄ퟛ뫏볛횵뷸탐좨뫢ꆢ뇈뷏뗄믮뚯ꎬ헢튻쳘뗣쓜릻뛔펰쿬뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뗄룷훖틲쯘뷸탐뷏캪좫쏦뗘뾼싇뫍뷏캪뫏샭뗘맀닢ꆣ퓋폃ퟛ뫏움볛램ꎬ컒쏇뿉틔뷏뫃뗘붫뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽좷뚨맽돌훐뗄뚨탔횸뇪뚨솿뮯ꎬ벴춨맽뛔룷뗖톺펰쿬틲쯘뗄움닢ꎬ좷뚨룷틲쯘뛔뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽좡횵뗄펰쿬돌뛈ꎬ퓙룹뻝평볒듲럖램ꆢ닣듎럖컶램뗈랽램좷뚨뗄룷틲쯘좨훘ꎬퟮ훕볆쯣뗃돶뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽ꆣ ퟛ뫏움볛램뗄뻟쳥늽훨캪ꎺ 뗚튻늽ꎬ붨솢움볛횸뇪쳥쾵ꎬ좷뚨좡횵랶캧ꎻ 움볛횸뇪쳥쾵뗄붨솢ꎬ쫇ퟛ뫏움볛램뗄맘볼ꎬ튲쫇쳥쿖웤뿆톧탔뗄튻룶훘튪뮷뷚ꎬ헢쫇ퟛ뫏움볛뗄믹뒡뫍틀뻝ꆣ웤ퟮ춻돶뗄쳘뗣쫇뇘탫헫뛔놻뗖톺닺뗄뻟쳥쟩뿶뷸탐짨뚨ꎬ뛸늻쓜늻볓럖컶뗄튻룅뛸싛ꆣ 퓚움볛횸뇪쳥쾵뗄붨솢훐ꎬ뿉틔닉폃닣듎럖컶램뷸탐쳥쾵뗄붨솢ꆣ닣듎럖컶램쫇튻훖뻶닟쮼캬랽쪽ꎬ쯼냑뢴퓓뗄뻶닟컊쳢럖뷢캪룷룶ퟩ돉틲쯘ꎬ붫헢킩틲쯘내횧엤맘쾵럖ퟩꎬ탎돉폐탲뗄뗝뷗닣듎뷡릹ꎬ춨맽솽솽뇈뷏뗄랽쪽ꎬ좷뚨닣듎훐훮틲쯘뗄쿠뛔훘튪탔ꎬ좻뫳춨맽볒움에램ꎬ뛔닣듎훐뗄틲쯘뷸탐듲럖ꆣ닣듎럖컶램쳥쿖쇋죋쏇뻶닟쮼캬뗄믹놾쳘헷ꆪꆪ럖뷢ꆢퟛ뫏ꆢ에뛏ꆣ 뻟쳥뛸퇔ꎬ뛔폚틑폐럡뢻뗄뗖톺움맀뺭퇩뗄움맀믺릹믲움맀쪦살쮵ꎬ횸뇪쳥쾵뗄좷뚨쿠뛔죝틗ꎬ쯹탨쪱볤뷏뛌ꆣ움볛횸뇪쳥쾵뗄붨솢뿉틀뻝튻냣뗖톺럧쿕펰쿬돌뛈움맀횸뇪쳥쾵뷡뫏쓢뗖톺닺뗄뻟쳥쟩뿶뫍웤쯹뒦뻟쳥뮷뺳뛸뚨ꎻ뛸뛔폚돵듎움맀믲쫇움맀뺭퇩늻ퟣ뗄쟩뿶ꎬ움볛횸뇪쳥쾵뗄붨솢ꎬ퓲뿉틔닉좡볒톯램ꎬ벴퓚톯움맀탐튵ꆢ틸탐뗖톺듻뿮ꆢ췁뗘맀볛뗈쿠맘쇬폲뗄볒뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ움맀믺릹ꎨ쪦ꎩ뷡뫏ퟔ짭뛔놻움맀닺뻟쳥쟩뿶뗄헆컕ꆢ샭뷢ꆢ틀뻝ퟔ짭뗄횰튵에뛏뛔닢움횸뇪뷸탐돵늽쓢뚨ꆢ퓙듎첽쳖ꎨ뿉냼삨쿠맘볒ꎩ틔벰ퟮ훕좷뚨ꆣ 평폚뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽쫇폃쿠뛔킧폃쾵쫽뇭쪾뗄튻룶컞솿룙뗄쫽횵ꎬ틲듋룷횸뇪좡횵랶캧뿉틔틀뻝뻟쳥쟩뿶닉폃쪮럖훆믲냙럖훆ꆣ 폫횸뇪뗄톡좡쿠쯆ꎬ횸뇪좡횵랶캧뗄좷뚨퓚폐닎헕낸샽뗄쟩뿶쿂뿉틔퓚닎헕틔췹뗄움맀낸샽ꆢ뛔웤뷸탐ퟜ뷡뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ훘뗣헫뛔떱잰놻움맀닺뗄뻟쳥쟩뿶ꆢ쳘뗣뛔놻움맀닺볛횵펰쿬틲쯘뷸탐쾵춳럖컶ꎬ뛔룷룶틲쯘내헕웤쓚퓚뗄싟벭ꆢ틲맻맘쾵뷸탐럖뷢뛸좷뚨ꎨ뇘튪쪱뮹뿉틔쿲쿠맘볒32
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 뷸탐톯ꎩꎻ쎻폐닎헕낸샽뗄퓲뿉틔춨맽폫쿠맘볒톯ꆢ쳖싛ꎬ닉폃뗂뛻럆램뷸탐좷뚨ꆣ 뗚뛾늽ꎬ좷뚨횸뇪좨훘ꎻ 좨훘뗄듳킡듺뇭쇋쒳튻틲쯘뛔움볛뛔쿳뗄펰쿬돌뛈ꎬ쫇움볛뿆톧탔뗄놣횤ꆣ좨훘뗄좷뚨뿉닉폃볒듲럖램ꆢ닣듎럖컶램뗈랽램좷뚨좨훘럖엤뻘헳ꆣ 뗚죽늽ꎬ퓚볒듲럖믹뒡짏ꎬ믣ퟜꆢ볆쯣룷룶횸뇪뗃럖ꎻ (1)틀뻝좡횵랶캧ꎬ볒듲럖ꎻ (2)믣ퟜꆢ볆쯣룷룶횸뇪뗃럖ꆣ 뗚쯄늽ꎬ릹퓬ퟛ뫏움볛쒣탍ꆣ 힢틢ꎬ퓚퓋폃볒듲럖램쪱ꎬ좷뚨좨훘볒뫍횸뇪듲럖볒뇘탫퓚쪮죋틔짏ꎬ벴뛠톡퓱튻킩 놻뗷닩뗄볒ꎬ헢퇹뿉틔붫죋캪뗄훷맛탔럧쿕틲쯘붵뗍ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ좨훘볒뫍횸뇪듲럖볒펦룃뻟폐탛뫱뗄횪쪶믹뒡뫍럡뢻뗄움맀뺭퇩ꎬ쯻쏇쓜릻뛔펰쿬뗖톺럧쿕뗄틲쯘ퟷ돶쏴죱뗘쪶뇰뫍뿆톧뗄움에ꆣ춨맽춬쪱퓋폃헢벸룶랽쏦ꎬ뿉틔쪹뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽룼캪뿆톧뫏샭ꎬ쮵럾솦룼잿ꆣ 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램붫뗖톺럧쿕틲쯘뷸탐쇋솿뮯ꎬ붫ꆰ뗖톺ꆱ헢튻쳘쫢움맀쒿뗄럖샫돶살ꎬ뛀솢뾼싇ꎬ뿉틔럖뇰뗃돶놻뗖톺닺퓚헽뎣쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄럇뗖톺볛횵뫍뗖톺쳵볾쿂뗄닺뗖톺뗄움맀횵ꆣ헢뛔폚틸탐뗈뷰죚믺릹살쮵ퟷ폃룼볓쏷쿔ꆣ헢퇹ꎬ틸탐뿉틔룼볓횱맛ꆢ쟥돾뗘뾴떽헽뎣붻틗뫍뗖톺ힴ첬솽훖쳵볾쿂뗄놻뗖톺닺뗄볛횵ꎬ틔룼뫃뗄쇋뷢뗖톺뛔놻움맀닺볛횵뗄펰쿬ꎬ헢붫룼폐샻폚틸탐뛔폚캴살럧쿕뗄냑컕틔벰듻뿮뛮뛈뫍훊톺싊뗄좷뚨ꆣ헢훖랽램뿉틔쫊폃폚뗖톺쳵볾쿂뗄닺ꎬ떫헢훖랽램튪쟳움맀쪦펦룃뻟폐룼볓럡뢻뗄움맀뺭퇩ꎬ폈웤쫇퓚듓쫂뗖톺움맀랽쏦ꎬ뿉틔뫜쏴죱뗘랢쿖뗖톺럧쿕ꎬ늢뫏샭뗄뛔럧쿕뷸탐솿뮯ꎬ쪹움맀뷡맻룼볓뫏샭ꆣ 33
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 5 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀펦폃낸샽 놾컄틔W랿뗘닺막럝폐쿞릫쮾쓢틔웤튻뒦뾪랢뗄랿뗘닺쿲틸탐짪쟫뗖톺듻뿮캪샽ꎬ뛔뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램뷸탐쇋뻟쳥뗄쏨쫶ꎬ훘뗣뛔뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뗄맀쯣뷸탐쇋볆쯣ꆣ (튻)듽맀랿뗘닺믹놾쟩뿶 룃랿뗘닺햼뗘쏦믽캪400쒶ꎬ놱뻠룟쯙릫슷풼50릫샯ꎬ뻠쫐훐탄5릫샯ꎬ뻠쒳훷튪뇟뺳뿚낶풼100릫샯ꎬ쓢붨돉튻뒦룟떵힡햬킡쟸ꎬ쓚늿짨폐폗뛹풰ꆢ듳탍뎬쫐ꆢ붡짭훐탄뗈엤쳗짨쪩ꆣ퓚뢽뷼늻풶뒦ꎬ폐킡톧ꆢ훐톧ꎬ붻춨뇣샻ꆣ룃뗘뿩뗄죝믽싊캪ꆣ (뛾)움맀쒿뗄 W랿뗘닺막럝폐쿞릫쮾쿲Y틸탐뷸탐뗖톺ꎬ믱뗃틸탐듻뿮ꆣ놾듎움맀뗄쒿뗄쫇뛔룃랿뗘닺뗄뗖톺볛횵뷸탐움맀ꎬ캪놾듎랿뗘닺뗄뗖톺쳡릩닎뾼틀뻝ꆣ (죽)움맀풭퓲 ퟱ톭뛀솢탔ꆢ뿍맛탔ꆢ뿆톧탔뗄릤ퟷ풭퓲ꆣ (쯄)움맀믹ힼ죕 놾듎움맀뗄믹ힼ죕캪20x8쓪6퓂30죕ꆣ (컥)움맀볛횵샠탍 믹폚놾듎움맀튵컱뗄움맀쒿뗄ꎬ듋듎랿뗘닺뗄움맀볛횵샠탍캪뗖톺볛횵ꆣ (쇹)움맀볙짨 ꋙ볌탸쪹폃볙짨ꆢ릫뾪쫐뎡볙짨ꎻ ꋚ볙짨움맀믹ힼ죕뫳ꎬ맺볒쿖탐뗄폐맘램싉ꆢ램맦ꆢ헾닟ꆢ훆뛈컞훘듳뇤뮯ꎻ ꋛ볙짨움맀믹ힼ죕뫳ꎬ닺햼폐랽쒿잰쯹뒦뗄췢늿헾훎ꆢ뺭볃ꆢ짧믡벰탐튵뮷뺳컞훘듳뇤뮯ꎻ ꋜ볙짨닺햼폐랽퓚풤닢쫕틦웚쓚ꎬ폐맘쮰뢺믹ힼꆢ쮰싊ꆢ샻싊ꆢ믣싊벰쫐뎡탐쟩ꆢ뺭펪쟩뿶뗈컞훘듳뇤뮯ꎻ ꋝ닺햼폐랽붫돖탸뺭펪ꎬ훷펪튵컱쿠뛔컈뚨ꎬ ꋞ컞웤쯻죋캪벰늻뿉뾹뻜ꆢ늻뿉풤볻틲쯘퓬돉뗄훘듳늻샻펰쿬ꎻ ꋟ볙짨닺햼폐랽맜샭헟돆횰뗘뛔웳튵쯹펵폐뗄닺뷸탐폐킧맜샭 움맀죋풱룹뻝닺움맀뗄튪쟳ꎬ잰쳡쳵볾퓚움맀믹ힼ죕쪱돉솢ꎬ떱캴살뺭볃뮷뺳랢짺뇤뮯쪱ꎬ움맀죋풱늻돐떣평폚잰쳡쳵볾룄뇤뛸떼훂움맀뷡싛늻뫏샭뗄퓰죎ꆣ (웟)움맀랽램벰맽돌 1 뫋닩닺좨뫍쪵컯ꆣ쿈닩퓄룃뗘뿩뗄췁뗘좨쫴횤쫩ꆢ붨짨폃뗘맦뮮탭뿉횤ꆢ뫬쿟춼뗈ꎬ퓙뾱닩룃뗘뿩쿖뎡ꎬ늢엄헕놣듦ꆣ 2 좷뚨움맀랽램 퓚룃돇쫐쓚ꎬ샠쯆뗘뿩뗄붻틗쟩뿶랢짺뷏뛠ꎬ맊톡폃쫐뎡램뷸탐움맀ꆣ 쫐뎡램뗄믹놾볆쯣릫쪽쫇ꎺ P=P’*A*B*C*D 쪽훐ꎺ Pꆪꆪ놻움맀랿뗘닺움맀횵ꎻ P’ꆪꆪ뿉뇈붻틗쪵샽볛룱ꎻ 34
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 Aꆪꆪ붻틗쟩뿶탞헽쾵쫽ꎻ Bꆪꆪ붻틗죕웚탞헽쾵쫽ꎻ Cꆪꆪ쟸폲틲쯘탞헽쾵쫽ꎻ Dꆪꆪ룶뇰틲쯘탞헽쾵쫽ꎻ 뗚튻늽ꎺ움맀룃뗘뿩뗄쫐뎡볛횵ꆣ ꋙ쯑벯샠쯆뗘뿩뗄쇏ꆣ뺭맽쫐뎡뗷닩ꎬ뛔쫽룶폫룃힡햬폃뗘쿠샠쯆뗄뗘뿩붻틗쇏뷸탐헻샭럖컶뫳ꎬ톡좡쇋쪵샽볗ꆢ틒ꆢ뇻ퟷ캪뇈뷏쪵샽ꎬ쿪볻뇭5-1ꎺ 뇭5-1 뿉뇈쪵샽쟩뿶뇭 Table 5-1 The table of the comparable case 쿮쒿 쪵샽볗 쪵샽틒 쪵샽뇻 쯹뒦뗘쟸 샠쯆 샠쯆 쿠춬 폃춾 짌튵 힡햬 힡햬 돶죃랽쪽 헐뇪 쮫랽킭틩 헐뇪 쏦믽256욽랽쏗212욽랽쏗332욽랽쏗 돉붻볛룱 1 550풪/욽랽쏗 1 430풪/욽랽쏗 1 620풪/욽랽쏗 붻틗죕웚 2006쓪5퓂 2007쓪1퓂 2007쓪12퓂 쪹폃웚쿞50쓪50쓪50쓪 뗘쫆 싔룟 싔뗍 욽첹 뗘훊 뷏닮 튻냣 튻냣 ퟔ좻쳵볾 웕춨 뷏뫃 웕춨 붻춨쳵볾 쇙뷼믰뎵햾 쇙뷼웻뎵햾 쇙뷼룟쯙 죝믽싊놸힢 쪵샽볗캪헽뎣볛룱 쪵샽틒뗍폚헽뎣볛룱쪵샽뇻룟폚헽뎣볛룱 ꋚ붻틗쟩뿶탞헽ꆣ뺭쇋뷢ꎬ쪵샽볗캪헽뎣붻틗ꎬ틲듋컞탨뷸탐탞헽ꎻ쪵샽틒뗄볛룱뺭맽닢쯣뗍폚헽뎣볛룱풼6%ꎻ쪵샽뇻뗄볛룱룟폚헽뎣볛룱2%ꆣ룷쪵샽뗄붻틗틲쯘탞헽싊캪ꎺ 쪵샽볗ꎺ 100/100 쪵샽틒ꎺ 100/(100-6)=100/94 쪵샽뇻ꎺ 100/(100+2)=100/102 ꋛ붻틗죕웚탞헽ꆣ룹뻝닢쯣ꎬ룃돇쫐뗄뗘볛뷼솽쓪살욽뻹쎿퓂짏짽1%ꎬ룷뿉뇈쪵샽뗄붻틗죕웚탞헽뇈싊죧쿂ꎺ 쪵샽볗= (100+1*25)/100=125/100 쪵샽틒=(100+1*17)/100=117/100 쪵샽뇻= (100+1*6)/100=106/100 ꋜ쟸폲틲쯘탞헽ꆣ평폚쪵샽뇻폫듽맀랿뗘닺뒦폚춬튻뗘쟸ꎬ맊늻ퟷ쟸폲틲쯘탞헽ꎻ뛔쪵샽볗뫍쪵샽틒뷸탐탞헽ꎬ볻뇭5-2ꎺ 35
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 뇭5-2 쟸폲틲쯘뇈뷏뇭 Table 5-2 The table of the comparable factor 뇈뷏틲쯘 듽맀랿뗘닺 쪵샽볗 쪵샽틒 ퟔ좻쳵볾10913붻춨쳵볾 15 15 17 짧믡쳵볾1089뷖뗀쳵볾 10 9 7 쫐헾믹뒡짨쪩151314뷌폽뗈짧믡뢣샻짨쪩 10 7 9 샫쫐훐탄뻠샫101214헾닟폅믝 10 10 10 랢햹잰뺰1089뫏볆 100 91 102 룷뿉뇈쪵샽뗄쟸폲틲쯘탞헽뇈싊죧쿂ꎺ 쪵샽볗=100/91 쪵샽틒=100/102 쪵샽뇻=100/100 ꋝ룶뇰틲쯘탞헽ꆣ쪵샽볗틲뗘훊ꆢ췁뗘욽헻돌뛈뷏듽움맀랿뗘닺뷏닮ꎬ뺭럖컶에뛏ꎬ붫탞헽뇈싊뚨캪ꎺ100/95ꎻ쪵샽틒틲뗘쫆싔뗍ꆢ쏦믽뷏킡ꆢ믹뒡짨쪩췪놸돌뛈뷏뗍ꎬ뺭럖컶에뛏ꎬ붫탞헽뇈싊뚨캪ꎺ100/97ꎻ쪵샽뇻뗄룶뇰틲쯘뺭ퟛ뫏뇈뷏뾼싇뫳ꎬ죏캪폫듽맀랿뗘닺쿠떱ꎬ맊늻뷸탐택헻ꆣ ꋞ죝믽싊탞헽ꆣ룃뗘쟸췁뗘죝믽싊탞헽쾵쫽볻뇭5-3ꎺ 뇭5-3죝믽싊탞헽쾵쫽뇭 Table 5-3 The table of the dimension rate 죝믽싊 3 탞헽쾵쫽 룷뿉뇈쪵샽뗄죝믽싊탞헽뇈싊죧쿂ꎺ 쪵샽볗= 쪵샽틒= 쪵샽뇻= ꋞퟛ뫏탞헽뷡맻ꎬ늢좷뚨맀볛뛮ꆣ 쪵샽볗탞헽뫳뗄볛룱=1 550* (100/100)* (125/100)* (100/91)* (100/95)*( 쪵샽틒탞헽뫳뗄볛룱=1 430* (100/94)* (117/100)* (100/102)*(100/97)*( 쪵샽뇻탞헽뫳뗄볛룱=1 620* (100/102)* (106/100)* (100/100)* (100/100)*( 뛔죽룶탞헽뫳뗄볛룱폃볲떥쯣쫵욽뻹쫽ퟛ뫏ꎺ 듽맀랿뗘닺뗄떥볛캪=(2 +1 +1 )/3=1 (풪/욽랽쏗) 듽맀랿뗘닺ퟜ볛캪=1 *400*=528 962 (췲풪) 뗚뛾늽ꎺ맀쯣듽맀랿뗘닺뗄뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽ꆣ 36
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 ꋙ붨솢움볛횸뇪ꎬ늢좷뚨룷횸뇪좡횵랶캧 Z움맀릫쮾쫇쏅뷸탐랿뗘닺움맀뗄닺움맀쫂컱쯹ꎬ움맀쪦뻹뻟폐럡뢻뗄랿뗘닺움맀뺭퇩ꆣ놾움맀릫쮾놾ퟅ뛀솢ꆢ뿍맛ꆢ릫헽뗄움맀풭퓲ꎬ캪쇋놣횤움맀뷡맻뗄뫏샭탔ꎬ움맀쪦퓚좷뚨펰쿬랿뗘닺뗖톺볛횵펰쿬돌뛈횸뇪쪱틔튻냣뗖톺펰쿬돌뛈움맀횸뇪쳥쾵캪믹뒡ꎬ헫뛔룃낸샽뻟쳥쟩뿶늢톯볒틢볻뛔횸뇪뷸탐쇋톡좡ꆣ평폚듽맀랿뗘닺췁뗘좨쫴횤쫩ꆢ붨짨폃뗘맦뮮탭뿉횤뗈램싉쫖탸웫좫ꎬ컞죎뫎듃ꎬ쯹틔톡좡쇋랿뗘닺뗄탔쓜틲쯘ꎻ본폚웳튵맜샭훆뛈췪짆ꎬ탅폾뛈뷏뫃ꎬ틔벰ퟮ뷼벸쓪랿뗘닺쫐뎡뗄랢햹쟩뿶뫍짧믡뺭볃ힴ뿶뗈ꎬ톡좡쇋쫐뎡틲쯘뫍웳튵틲쯘ꆣW움맀릫쮾붫놾듎움맀ퟮ훕좷뚨움맀횸뇪벰웤좡횵랶캧좷뚨죧뇭5-4쯹쪾ꎺ 뇭5-4움맀횸뇪쳥쾵 Table 5-4 The index system of appraisal 튻벶횸뇪(i) 뛾벶횸뇪(j) 좡횵랶캧(%) 웸뫲쳵볾뫃ꎬ짏쿂쮮뗀ꆢ쎺웸뗈믹뒡짨쪩웫좫ꎨ0ꎭ10ꎩꎻ닉맢쳵뻓힡뮷뺳 볾튻냣ꎬ믹뒡짨쪩튻냣ꎨ11ꎭ20ꎩꎻ웸뫲쳵볾뷏닮ꎬ믹뒡짨쪩뷏닮ꎨ21ꎭ60ꎩꎻ웸뫲쳵볾닮ꎬ컞믹뒡짨쪩ꎨ61ꎭ100ꎩꎻ 엤쳗짨쪩웫좫ꎬ붻춨뇣샻ꎨ0ꎭ10ꎩꎻ엤쳗짨쪩뷏웫좫ꎬ붻춨뷏뇣닺놾짭틲쯘 엤쳗짨쪩뫍붻춨 샻ꎨ11ꎭ20ꎩꎻ엤쳗짨쪩늻웫좫ꎬ붻춨늻뇣샻ꎨ21ꎭ60ꎩꎻ컞엤쳗짨쪩ꎬ 뢽뷼뗀슷캴탞붨ꎨ61ꎭ100ꎩꎻ 랿컝뷡릹뫏샭ꎬ짨볆탂펱ꎨ0ꎭ10ꎩꎻ랿컝뷡릹폐킩잷좱ꎬ짨볆탂랿컝뷡릹뫍짨볆 펱ꎨ11ꎭ20ꎩꎻ랿컝뷡릹폐킩잷좱ꎬ짨볆웕춨ꎨ21-60ꎩꎻ랿컝뷡릹잷좱ꎬ짨볆맽쪱ꎨ61-100ꎩ 랢햹쫆춷잿뺢ꎨ0ꎭ10ꎩꎻ랢햹쫆춷솼뫃ꎨ11ꎭ20ꎩꎻ랢햹쫆춷튻랢햹쓜솦 냣ꎨ21ꎭ60ꎩꎻ랢햹쫆춷뷏닮ꎨ61ꎭ100ꎩꎻ 틑폐쿠떱췪놸뗄쿺쫛췸싧ꎬ쟒웳튵죋풱쯘훊뷏룟ꎨ0ꎭ10ꎩꎻ쿺쫛쿺쫛쓜솦 췸뗣틑뺭믹놾붨솢ꎬ떫죋풱쯘훊폐듽쳡룟ꎨ11ꎭ40ꎩꎻ짐탨붨솢웳튵틲쯘 튻늿럖탂뗄쿺쫛췸싧ꎨ41ꎭ80ꎩꎻ탐쿺췸싧짐캴붨솢ꎨ81ꎭ100ꎩ횪쏻웳튵ꎬ뿚놮벫병ꎨ0ꎭ10ꎩꎻ웕춨웳튵ꎬ횪쏻뛈뷏룟ꎬ짌폾솼탅폃뫍짌폾 뫃ꎨ11ꎭ20ꎩꎻ웳튵횪쏻뛈튻냣ꎬ짌폾튻냣ꎨ21ꎭ40ꎩꎻ욷없벸뫵컞죋횪쿾ꎬ짌폾튻냣ꎨ41ꎭ80ꎩꎻ짌폾뷏닮ꎨ81ꎭ100ꎩ 쫐뎡죝솿듳ꎬ컈훐폐퓶ꎨ0ꎭ10ꎩꎻ쫐뎡죝솿튻냣쟒욽컈ꎨ11ꎭ20ꎩꎻ쫐뎡죝솿ힴ뿶 쫐뎡죝솿뷏킡ꎬ돊퓶뎤쟷쫆ꎨ21ꎭ60ꎩꎻ쫐뎡죝솿킡ꎬ떫욽컈ꎨ61ꎭ80ꎩꎻ쫐뎡죝솿킡ꎬ늻욽컈ꎨ81ꎭ100ꎩ 듦퓚쫐뎡뺺헹ꎬ떫뺺헹돉놾뫜룟ꎨ0ꎭ20ꎩꎻ뺺헹돉놾뷏룟ꎨ21쫐뎡틲쯘 쫐뎡잱퓚뺺헹 ꎭ40ꎩꎻ듦퓚쫐뎡뺺헹ꎬ뺺헹돉놾튻냣ꎨ41ꎭ80ꎩꎻ쫐뎡듦퓚쏷쿔뺺헹ꎬ쟒뺺헹돉놾뫜뗍ꎨ81ꎭ100ꎩ 쫐뎡랿볛듳럹뛈쳡룟ꎨ0-10ꎩꎻ쫐뎡랿볛욽컈쳡룟ꎨ11-30ꎩꎻ쫐뛔랿볛뗄풤웚 뎡랿볛컈뚨늻뇤ꎨ31-60ꎩꎻ쫐뎡랿볛킡럹뛈믘실ꎨ61-80ꎩꎻ쫐뎡랿볛듳럹뛈믘실ꎨ81-100ꎩ 37
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 ꋚ좷뚨횸뇪좨훘 놾듎움맀닉폃볒듲럖램좷뚨좨훘ꎬ쯹톡볒살ퟔ움맀ꆢ램싉ꆢ떣놣ꆢ놻움맀샻쯹쫴쇬폲쓚횪쏻웳튵훐뗄쿠맘랽쏦볒뗈릲쪮캻ꎬ좨훘좷뚨죧뇭5-5쯹쪾ꎺ 뇭5-5 횸뇪좨훘 Table 5-5 The index weight 튻벶횸뇪 좨훘 뛾벶횸뇪 좨훘 뻓힡뮷뺳 닺놾짭틲쯘 엤쳗짨쪩뫍붻춨랿컝뷡릹뫍짨볆 랢햹쓜솦 웳튵틲쯘 쿺쫛쓜솦 탅폃뫍짌폾 쫐뎡죝솿ힴ뿶 쫐뎡틲쯘 쫐뎡잱퓚뺺헹 뛔랿볛뗄풤웚 듓볒듲럖쯹좷뚨좨훘뗄뷡맻살뾴ꎬ믹놾럻뫏움맀죋풱믹폚뛔웳튵ꆢ랿뗘닺쫐뎡뗷닩쯹ퟷ뗄풤닢ꆣ벴뗖톺웚볤ꎬ뗖톺랿뗘닺뗄볛횵쫜쫐뎡틲쯘뗄펰쿬ퟮ듳ꎬ웤듎쫇벼쫵뫍웳튵뗄랢햹ힴ뿶ꆣ ꋛ퓚볒듲럖믹뒡짏ꎬ믣ퟜꆢ볆쯣룷룶횸뇪뗃럖ꎻ 뇭5-6 볒듲럖 Table 5-6 The experts’ score 볒듲럖 ퟛ뫏튻벶횸뇪 뛾벶횸뇪 1 23456789움럖 10 뻓힡뮷뺳 10 15202001010510 10 11 닺놾 엤쳗짨쪩뫍붻춨10 2015101010151010 10 12 짭틲쯘 랿컝뷡릹뫍짨볆15 20251000102015 10 랢햹쓜솦 15 1525301040203025 30 24 웳튵틲쯘 쿺쫛쓜솦 20 2015304030402020 20 탅폃뫍짌폾 10 2020203020202010 30 20 쫐뎡죝솿ힴ뿶 60 2020201030108510 60 쫐뎡틲쯘 쫐뎡잱퓚뺺헹 20 4030102040404030 30 30 뛔랿볛뗄풤웚 20 3040703080706070 70 54 ꋜ릹퓬ퟛ뫏움볛쒣탍ꎻ 38
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 놾듎닉폃볓좨욽뻹램ퟷ캪ퟛ뫏움볛쒣탍ꆣ 3ng=× ∑∑wwxiijiji=1j=1 g쪽훐ꎺ ——뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽 xij ——뗚i룶펰쿬틲쯘훐뗚j룶횸뇪뗄좡횵 wij ——뗚i룶펰쿬틲쯘훐뗚j룶횸뇪뗄좨훘 wi ——뗚i룶펰쿬틲쯘뗄좨훘 평폚좡횵랶캧짨뚨떥캻쫇ꎨ%ꎩ,쯹틔짏쪽볆쯣뷡맻펦룃쫇냙럖쫽ꎬ벴뗖톺ힴ첬뛔닺볛횵뗄펰쿬돌뛈ꆣ g = *(*11+*12+*)+*(*24+*+*20) +*(*+*30+*54) =% 틲듋ꎬ 룃뗖톺닺움맀횵=움맀횵ꇁꎨ1-뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽ꎩ =528 962 ×ꎨ%ꎩ ≈387 570 (췲풪) 뗚죽늽ꎺ움맀뷡싛ꆣ놾듎움맀뗄랿뗘닺퓚움맀믹ힼ죕20x8쓪6퓂30죕뗄뗖톺볛횵캪 387 570 췲풪ꆣ 뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램쫇튻훖붫뗖톺닺뗄뗖톺럧쿕뫍놻뗖톺닺퓚헽뎣쟩뿶쿂뗄쫐뎡볛횵쿠럖샫뗄랽램ꎬ헢훖랽램뛔뗖톺닺퓚뗖톺맽돌훐룷훖틲쯘뛔쯹뗖톺닺볛횵뗄펰쿬돌뛈뷸탐쇋떥뛀뗄닢쯣ꆣ헢퇹쓜릻쪹움맀놨룦뗄쪹폃랽웳튵뫍뷰죚믺릹뿉틔뫜쟥돾뗘쇋뷢떽뗖톺닺퓚헽뎣쳵볾쿂뗄볛횵뫍퓚뗖톺쳵볾쿂뗄볛횵ꎬ틔벰뗖톺닺뗄뗖톺럧쿕뗄듳킡ꆣ틲듋ꎬ듋랽램뻟폐뷏잿뗄쪵볹탔ꆣ 39
뫓놱얩튵듳톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎨ뇏튵ꎩ싛컄 6 뷡싛 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀쓜릻캪웳튵짪쟫뗖톺듻뿮쳡릩닎뾼틀뻝ꎬ폐훺폚뷨ꆢ듻뿮쮫랽뿍맛뗘뫢솿닺뗄볛횵ꎬ뿉틔냯훺웳튵믱뗃랢햹뷰ꎬ췆뚯웳튵뗄랢햹ힳ듳ꎻ붵뗍틸탐듻뿮뗄럧쿕ꎬ듙뷸뷰뗄폅뮯엤훃ꎬ뾪뒴탂뗄튵컱뿕볤ꎬ붵뗍틸탐뗄뷰죚럧쿕ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿뻟폐뷏잿뗄샭싛틢틥뫍쪵볹틢틥ꆣ캪룼뫃뗘랢믓ퟷ폃ꎬ뗖톺닺볛횵움맀맽돌펦좫쏦뗘뾼싇놻뗖톺닺퓚뗖톺웚볤룷훖펰쿬닺볛횵뗄틲쯘ꎬ돤럖뾼싇닺뗄뗖톺럧쿕ꎬ헦쪵뗘랴펳뗖톺닺뗄볛횵ꆣ틲듋ꎬ죧뫎룼뫃뗄냑컕뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄놾훊ꎬ틔맀쯣돶뫏샭뗄움맀볛횵돉캪닺뗖톺움맀뗄맘볼컊쳢ꆣ 놾컄듓뗖톺뗄쳘쫢탔캪돶랢뗣ꎬ퓚뛔뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄믹놾룅쓮ꆢ믹놾샭싛컊쳢럖컶ꆢퟜ뷡ꆢ맩쓉뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ뗃돶틔쿂뷡싛ꎺ (1)뗖톺닺움맀쫇룷샠늻춬쒿뗄뗄닺움맀훐뗄튻훖ꎬ쯼샭펦ퟱ톭닺움맀뗄웕뇩풭퓲ꎬ벴돽쇋튪ퟱ쫘뛀솢탔ꆢ뿍맛탔ꆢ뿆톧탔ꆢ릫헽탔ꆢ튵탔뗄릤ퟷ풭퓲횮췢ꎬ뗖톺닺움맀튵컱뮹펦룃룹뻝ퟔ짭튵컱뗄쳘뗣ꎬퟱ톭낲좫탔풭퓲ꆢ헦쪵탔풭퓲ꆢ놣쫘탔풭퓲ꆣ (2)뗖톺닺움맀뗄쒿뗄쫇놣횤틸탐듻뿮낲좫ꆣ짨뚨뗖톺뗄룹놾쒿뗄쫇떱듻뿮늻쓜죧웚뎥뮹쪱ꎬ햮좨죋쓜릻좡뗃쓢짨뗖톺좨샻뗄뇤쿖횵ꎬ쓜듯떽뗖톺좨죋햮좨폅쿈쫜뎥뗄쒿뗄ꆣ뗖톺뗄놾훊뻍쫇뛔햮좨뗄놣횤,벴놣횤뗖톺햮좨뗄낲좫ꆣ춬쪱ꎬ움맀놨룦폖쫇틸탐쾵춳랢럅듻뿮뗄훘튪틀뻝ꎬ쫇틸탐쾵춳뻶뚨쫇릻룸듻뿮웳튵랢럅듻뿮틔벰랢럅듻뿮뗄훘튪틀뻝ꆣ틲듋ꎬ뗖톺닺움맀펦룃퓚ꆰ놣횤틸탐듻뿮낲좫ꆱ헢튻쒿뗄횮쿂ꆣ (3)뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄볛횵샠탍뿉틔닉폃뗖톺듻뿮볛횵ꆣ뗖톺듻뿮볛횵쫇횸뾼싇떽닺뗄뎤웚듦탸탔ꆢ헽뎣뗄뫍떱뗘뗄쫐뎡쳵볾ꆢ닺떱잰뗄폃춾뫍뿉톡퓱쫊틋폃춾뗈틲쯘,뺭맽뛔닺뗄캴살뿉돶쫛탔뷸탐뗄뷷짷움맀뗃돶뗄닺뗄움맀볛횵ꆣ쯼폫쫐뎡볛횵쿠뇈ꎬ뻟폐낲좫탔ꆢ놣쫘탔ꆢ돖탸탔뗈쳘뗣ꆣ (4)뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀볙짨뿉틔닉폃볌탸쪹폃볙짨ꆣ틸탐짨훃뗖톺뗄쒿뗄쫇뺡뿉쓜뗄좫뛮쫕믘듻뿮ꎬ뗖톺쫇틸탐룸뷨뿮죋쪩볓톹솦죃웤쓜죧웚뮹뿮뗄튻훖랽쪽ꆣ뗚튻뮹뿮살풴쫇뗚튻캻뗄ꎬ헢닅쫇뷸탐뗖톺듻뿮튵컱뗄돵훔ꎬ닅쫇컒쏇쳡뎫늢랢햹룃튵컱뗄룹놾쒿뇪ꆣ듓헢튻뷇뛈돶랢ꎬ뗖톺닺움맀펦쫇퓚돖탸볙짨뗄잰쳡쿂ꎬ벴놻움맀뗄닺헽뒦폚쪹폃ힴ첬늢붫놻볌탸쪹폃쿂좥ꆣ뛸쟥쯣볙짨쎻폐헕맋떽움맀놨룦쪹폃헟룷랽뗄샻틦ꎬ뛸쫇냑놣횤틸탐뗄탅듻낲좫붨솢퓚뷨뿮웳튵돐떣늿럖쯰쪧뗄믹뒡짏ꎬ헢폐폚움맀믺릹뛀솢ꆢ뿍맛ꆢ릫헽뗄탔훊ꆣ (5)뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄믹ힼ죕폐죽훖톡퓱ꎬ뗖톺좨짨뚨쪱ꆢ뗖톺닺볛횵랢짺뷏듳뇤뮯쪱ꆢ뗖톺좨쪵쿖쪱ꎬ놾컄죏캪뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄움맀믹ힼ죕펦캪뗖톺좨짨뚨쪱ꆣ (6)퓚뛔죽훖믹놾움맀랽램뗄럖컶짏ꎬ쳡돶쇋뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램ꆣ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽램쫇횸붫닺뗖톺웚볤훮뛠틲쯘뛔웤볛횵늨뚯뗄펰쿬폫헽뎣쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄닺볛횵움맀훐뗄움맀닎쫽럖샫살ꎬ쿈럖뇰닢쯣놻뗖톺닺뗖톺웚볤훮뛠틲쯘뛔웤볛횵늨뚯뗄펰쿬뫍쓢뗖톺닺뗄쫐뎡볛횵ꎬ좻뫳퓙맀쯣닺퓚뗖톺쿂뗄움맀횵뗄랽램ꆣ헢훖랽램붫ꆰ뗖톺ꆱ헢튻쳘쫢움맀쒿뗄럖샫돶살ꎬ뛀솢뾼싇뿉틔럖뇰뗃돶놻뗖톺닺퓚헽뎣쫐뎡쳵볾쿂뗄럇뗖톺볛횵뫍뗖톺쳵볾쿂뗄닺뗖톺뗄움맀횵ꆣ 놾컄횻쫇퓚뗖톺닺볛횵움맀뗄믹놾샭싛뫍움맀랽램랽쏦ퟷ쇋튻킩듖잳뗄퇐뺿뫍첽쳖ꎬ죔좻늻40
뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿 돉쫬ꎬ탭뛠컊쳢뮹폐듽폚뷱뫳뷸튻늽뗄짮죫퇐뺿ꆣ죧죧뫎닅쓜놣횤펰쿬뗖톺럧쿕틲쯘횸뇪쳥쾵벰횸뇪좨훘뗄톡퓱룼캪뿆톧폫뫏샭ꎬ쮵럾솦룼잿ꎻ뗖톺럧쿕쾵쫽뗄맀쯣퓚쪵볊퓋폃맽돌훐ꎬ훷튪틀뾿볒뗄뺭퇩벰횪쪶믽샛ꎬ죧뫎닅쓜룼뫃뗘뇜쏢훷맛탔톡퓱ꎻ헫뛔움맀죋풱뗄튵쯘훊짐듽쳡룟뗄쿖쪵ꎬ죧뫎쳡룟움맀죋풱뗄횰튵에뛏쓜솦ꎬ룼볓뫏샭뗘ꆢ폐킧뗘좷뚨펰쿬닺뗄뗖톺럧쿕틲쯘ꆢ솿뮯럧쿕틲쯘ꆣ 41
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퓚뛁웚볤랢뇭뗄톧쫵싛컄 [1]퇮ꮑꎬ낲헽쟙ꎬ캾뺩뫬.뗖톺듻뿮움맀볛횵샠탍첽쳖[J].닆믡춨톶ꎬ2008ꎨ8ꎩ29-30 [2]퇮ꮑ,캾뺩뫬,퇮킡샶,췵쇁. 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿쿖ힴퟛ쫶[J].닆믡춨톶2009 (6) [3]룟솢쓾,췵붨훐,헔헽펡,퇮ꮑ.얩듥탅폃짧쏦쇙컊쳢벰랢햹햽싔퇐뺿[J].좫맺짌쟩뺭볃샭싛퇐뺿,2008(4),114-116. [4]퇮킡샶.캾뺩뫬.퇮ꮑ.쫐뎡뇈뷏램움맀뷡맻좷뚨벰폅쇓럖컶[J].닆믡춨톶.2008(10):31-32 45
ퟷ헟볲뷩 룶죋탅쾢ꎺ 퇮ꮑꎬ얮ꎬ짺폚1982쓪6퓂ꎬ뫓놱쪡놣뚨쫐죋ꎬퟮ뫳톧샺쮶쪿퇐뺿짺ꎬ믱뗃맜샭톧쮶쪿톧캻ꎬ2009쓪6퓂뇏튵폚뫓놱얩튵듳톧짌톧풺ꆣ 뷌폽놳뺰ꎺ —— 뫓놱얩튵듳톧짌톧풺 릤짌맜샭튵 놾뿆 —— 뫓놱얩튵듳톧짌톧풺 얩튵뺭볃맜샭튵 쮶쪿퇐뺿짺 퇐뺿랽쿲ꎺ닺맜샭폫움맀 닎볓쪵볹믮뚯ꎺ 1ꆢ2006쓪닎볓쇋룟뗈얩쇖풺킣ꆰ쪮튻컥ꆱ맦뮮뷌닄ꆶ믡볆톧믹뒡ꆷ뗄짳룥릤ퟷꆣ 2ꆢ2007쓪4퓂 뫓놱놣뚨듳퇣믡볆쫂컱쯹 닎폫쫂튵떥캻맺폐닺짳뫋짪놨릤ퟷ 3ꆢ 2007쓪9퓂-2007쓪10퓂 놱뺩훐럦닺움맀폐쿞릫쮾 닎폫훐맺쮮샻쮮뗧벯췅헻쳥짏쫐쿮쒿움맀 4ꆢ2008쓪6퓂-2008쓪8퓂 놱뺩훐럦닺움맀폐쿞릫쮾 닎폫놱뺩뛾짌벯췅룄훆짏쫐쿮쒿움맀 5ꆢ2009쓪2퓂-2009쓪4퓂 퓚훐맺쪯폍뮯릤막럝폐쿞릫쮾닗훝럖릫쮾닆컱늿쪵쾰 랢뇭싛컄ꎺ [1]퇮ꮑꎬ낲헽쟙ꎬ캾뺩뫬.뗖톺듻뿮움맀볛횵샠탍첽쳖[J].닆믡춨톶ꎬ2008ꎨ8ꎩ29-30 [2]퇮ꮑ,캾뺩뫬,퇮킡샶,췵쇁. 뗖톺닺볛횵움맀컊쳢퇐뺿쿖ힴퟛ쫶ꎬ2009 (6) [3]룟솢쓾,췵붨훐,헔헽펡,퇮ꮑ.얩듥탅폃짧쏦쇙컊쳢벰랢햹햽싔퇐뺿[J].좫맺짌쟩뺭볃샭싛퇐뺿,2008(4),114-116. [4]퇮킡샶.캾뺩뫬.퇮ꮑ.쫐뎡뇈뷏램움맀뷡맻좷뚨벰폅쇓럖컶[J].닆믡춨톶.2008(10):31-32 46
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