060051 大学英语（B）（1）
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课程名称：大学英语（B）（1）一
A-1. ——How are you getting along with your study? ——__A、"Fine. What about you?"
2、A-2. ——Peter, _"what’s up"____? ——Not too bad.
3、A-3. Mary wanted to avoid running down a dog but ran _"into"____ a big tree by the roadside.
4、A-4. On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several _"clients"____ a day.
5、 new machine is technically far _"superior"______to the previous type.
6、 change will greatly _____ wheat and rice production if nations don’t take steps now.
7、 my glasses I can hardly __"make out"______ what has been written in the letter.
8、A-8. Dogs have a very good _"sense"____ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.
9、A-9. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town __"where"___ he grew up as a child.
10、 had to shout _"to make herself heard"_______ above the sound of the music.
11、 is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _"forming"____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
12、A-12.__"What"___ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services.
13、 of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people __"began"___ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.
14、A-14._____ ten minutes earlier, you wouldn’t have missed the train. But you were late.
15、 many representatives__"being absent"______, the conference had to be put off.
16、A-31 至 A-40 为完型填空题，阅读材料中共包含 10 个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分有 4 个选项，请从 A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Your body, which has close relations A-31 the food you eat, is the most important thing you
own, so it needs proper A-32and proper nourishment (营养). The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctorA-33” is not as silly as some people
think. The body needs A-34 and vegetablesbecause they contain vitamin C. Many people take extra vitaminsA-35 pill form, believing that these
will make them healthy. But a good A-36 is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use
extra vitamins, A-37 why waste money on them? In the modern western world, many people are A-38 busy to bother about eating properly.
They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and A-39. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating _A-40 is frightening.
-31. Which one is the best to fill in theblank? "with"
17、A-32. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"treatment"
18、A-33. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"away"
19、A-34. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"fruits"
20、A-35. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"in"
21、A-36. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"diet"
22、A-37. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"so"
23、A-38. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"too"
24、 one is the best to fill in theblank?"carelessly"
25、A-40. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"habits"
26、A-41 到 A-45 是 5 个英文句子，针对每个英文句子有 4 个选项，请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出翻译的最佳选项。
is possible that your company is facing difficulties of which we are not aware.
"可能你公司正面临一些我们不了解的困难。"
27、A-42. The director is disappointed because he has not found anyone in the applicants who is particularly qualified for this job. "主任很失望，
因为他还没在求职者中找到特别有资格做这项工作的人。"
28、A-43. We believe that quality is the soul of an enterprise, which is the reason why we attach great importance to quality control. "我们相信质
量是企业的灵魂，所以我们高度重视质量控制。"
29、 addition to his major, John had taken up some courses on economics in college so that he could find a good job after graduation. "除所
学的专业外，约翰在大学还选修了一些经济学课程，以便毕业后能找到一份好工作。"
30、 the delivery time indicated is 14 days, the goods will be sent to you within thistime regardless of when the order is placed. "如果交货时
间显示的是 14 天，无论何时订货，货物都将在 14 天内送达你处。"
31、A-Passage One 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题，请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
TheAlphaGoprogram'svictoryisanexampleofhowsmartcomputershavebecome.
Butcanartificialintelligence(AI)machinesactethically,meaningcantheybehonestandfair?
,soitisnottoosoontoask
,
imes,however,
programmedtoavoidhittingachildrunningacrosstheroad,evenifthatwillputtheirpassengersatrisk?Whataboutmakingasuddenturntoavoidadog?Whatift
he onlyriskisdamagetothecaritself,nottothepassengers?
Perhapstherewillbelessonstolearnfromdriverlesscars,
willbethebiggerchallenge. AboutthesametimeasAlphaGo'striumph,Microsoft's 'chatbot’,namedTaylor,
mproveherabilitytohandleconversations,,
Microsoftturnedheroffanddeletedherugliestmessages. AlphaGo'svictoryandTaylor'
.
EricSchmidtisoneofthebossesofGoogle,,whatevertheoutco
me. AdvancesinAIwillmakehumanbeingssmarter,moreableand "justbetterhuman beings.”
does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo's victory??Computers can become highly intelligent.
2. What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically!They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.
is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the Al age?
How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.
4、What do we learn about Microsoft's 'chatbot' Taylor？She could not distinguish good from bad.
5、What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence？ It will prove to be an asset to human beings.
32、A-PassageTwo 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题，请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Roughlythesizeofasodacan,sittingonabookshelf,arelativelyharmlessgadget may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your
living room is your Internet-connected security camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes, But few stop to
think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they're being recorderd while you all
watch the big game together?
"It'scertainlynewterritory,especiallyashomesecuritycamerasbecomeeasiertoInstall,"saysLizziePost,presidentoftheEmilyPostInstitute,America'sforem
ostmannersadvisors."Ithinkitwillbeveryinterestingtoseewhatetiquette(礼仪)emergesintermsofwhetheryoutellpeopleyouhaveacameraornot,and
whetherguestshavearighttoaskthatitbeturnedoff,ifit'snotasecurityissue."Postwantstomakeclearthatshe'snottalkingaboutlegalrights,butratherpersonalpr
,becausethetechnologyisjustnowbecomingmai
, theEmilyPostInstitutedoesn'tdictatemanners.
Whenitcomestosecuritycameras,Postsaysit'sahost'sresponsibilitytomakesureguestsfeelcomfortablewithintheirhome. "I'malwaysafanofbeingopenand
honest." Forinstance,ifthehostcasuallyacknowledgesthatthereisacamerainthe roombytellingastoryaboutit,thatmaybeenoughto providean
openingforaguesttosayiftheyareuncomfortable. However,ifacontractorisworkinginyourhome,youdon’tneedtotellthemthat therearecameras
,theairofaccountabilitythatthecamera generatescanalsoworkincontractors' favor. "Ifanythingdoesgowrongwhile
they'reinthehouse,theydon'twanttobeblamedforit," shesays. "In fact,the cameracouldbethethingthatprovesthattheydidn'tstealthe$20,orknockthe
vaseoffthetable."
1、For what reason may your friends feel reluctant to visit your home?
The security camera installed may intrude into their privacy.
2、What does Lizzie Post say is new territory? Etiquette around home security cameras.
3、What is Lizzie Post mainly discussing with regard to the use of home security cameras?
Likes and dislikes of individuals.
060051 大学英语（B）（1）
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4、What is a host's responsibility regarding security cameras, according to Lizzie Post?
Making their guests feel at ease.
5、In what way can the home security camera benefit visitors to your home? It can prove their innocence.
33、A-Passage Three 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题，请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
PepsiCoistospendbillionsofdollarstodevelopdrinksandsnacksandreformulate existing ones with lower
sugar,saltandfat,asconsumersdemandhealthieroptions and regulatory pressure intensifiesamid an obeisity epidemic（流行病）.
ThemakerofMountainDewandGatoradehasbeenoneoftheearliermoversinthe industry to offer
productswithreducedlevelsofunhealthyingredients-PepsiCo claims a packet
,itsnew10-year plan makes clear it believesitstillhasalongway to go.
Shiftingeatinghabits,includingasharpdropinconsumptionofsparklingdrinks,
,%overallintheUS.
IndraNooyi,PepsiCochairman,saidtheplantomakeitsproductshealthierwas importantforthecompany’
,shepointedout thatconsumers'lifestyleshavechangedsignificantly, withmanypeoplebeingmoresedentary（久坐不
动的）notleastbecausemoretimeisspentin 's contributionwastoproducehealthiersnacksthatstilltastedgood.
“Societyhastochangeitshabits,”sheadded.“Wecan'tdomuchtoaltersedentary lifestyles, but can we provide comsumers with
great-tastingproducts,lowinsalt,’rebreakingthattrade-off.”
PepsiCo'splanforitsfoodsanddrinksisbasedonguidelinesfromtheWorldHealthOrganisation, which last week backed using taxes on sparkling drinks
to reduce sugar comsumption. Intiatives also include efforts to reduce its environmental impact, water comsumption and materials used in
packaging by 2025. PepsiCodidnotsayexactlyhowmuchitplannedtoinvesttoreachitsgoals. However,
DrMehmoodKhan,chiefscientificofficer,saidthecompanyhaddoubledresearch anddevelopmentspendinginthepastfiveyearsandwas
“committedtosustaining investment",’
sresearchanddevelopmentbudgetin2015was$754million.
1、Why is PepsiCo making a policy change?To satisfy the growing needs for healthy foods.
2、What does PepsiCo think it will have to do in the future?Keep on improving its products.
3、Why does PepsiCo plan to alter its products,according to Indra NooyiTo ensure the company's future development.
4、What does Indra Nooyi say about the obesity epidemic?It is attributable to people's changed lifestyles.
5、What has PepsiCo been doing to achieve its objective?Increasing its research funding.
34、A-46-2 Writing 写作（满分 10 分） 要求在 30 分钟内，根据下面所给的题目与所给段首第一句，用英语写出一篇不少于 150
词的短文。 Travelling 请根据每段段首所给主题句进行写作： 1、Para 1 People who like travelling have their
reasons. Para 2、 Those who dislike travelling have their reasons. Para 3、 In practice, travelling does more good than harm.请不要使用附件或
者图片形式提交！！！请不要使用附件或者图片形式提交！！！请不要使用附件或者图片形式提交！！！
答案：People who like travelling have their reasons. They maintain that travelling can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially
geographical and historical learning. They go on to point out that touring will provide more chance for them to enjoy food and try on clothes that
they otherwise cannot possibly have. Those who dislike travelling have their reasons. They would argue that travelling means a considerable amount
of money and energy. For example, traffic and accommodation require money walking while seeing sights often tires you. In practice, travelling
does more good than harm. If you finance and health permit, you might as well do some travelling ｆｒｏｍ time to time. It will at least enable you
to get familiar with people and thing that you will probably grow to like and love.
1、B-1 到 B-15 是未完成的句子，考核所学词汇与语法知识点，针对每个句子中未完成的部分有 4 个选项，请从 A、B、C、D 四个
选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
B-1. —— How are you feeling? —— Much better. __________Thanks for coming to see me.
2、B-2. —— Could you be so kind as to turn down the music? I’m preparing for final exam. —— _"Sure. I’m sorry to disturb you."____
3、B-3. It’s normal that everyone fails every now and then. It is how you react that makes a __"difference"________.
4、B-4. You should take the medicine now. It will __"relieve"________you pain in yourstomach.
5、B-5. Did you _"turn down"____her offer? I’m afraid she will be disappointed.
6、B-6. Neither Peter_"nor"____ his father was able to wake up early enough to havebreakfast.
7、B-7. —— What will you buy for your mother’s birthday? —— I want to buy a _"small redleather"_________ wallet for him.
8、B-8. I havetoleaveforLondontoattendameeting. I’ll bebackin __"a few"________ days.
9、B-9. Whenwe receive the goods you return to us, you ___"will get"_______ a full refund with a week.
10、B-10. Thenew staff resigned last Monday after __"being asked"________ to work overtime.
11、B-11. Itwas these small differences __"that"________ finally led him to be successful.
12、B-12. Onlyafterhis father saw the train disappear in sight "did he leave"_____ the railway station.
13、B-13. Thecompany has decided to donate fundsto charities, ___"which"_______ helps to promote its image.
14、B-14. Young people are sharing more information about themselves on social media sites now than they ____"did"______ in the past.
15、B-15. Mybossrefusedtogivemeapayrise, no matter _"how"____ hard I worked.
16、B-31 至 B-40 为完型填空题，阅读材料中共包含 10 个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分有 4 个选项，请从 A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Charlie came from a poor village. His parents hadB-31 money to send him to school when
he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy B-32 and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the
boy could go to school. He studied hard and B-33 all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town.
And he began to Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young
man B-34 and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes
and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked B-35 for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day
she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn’t at home and she had to go to B-36 at once. The doctors looked her over
and told her B-37 eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid B-38 the doctor’s words and wrote all the names of the food on the
paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and B-39 . When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat,
sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy B-40 there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, “I’ve bought all the food you like, dear!”
B-31. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"no"
17、B-32. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"clever"
18、B-33. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"did well in"
19、B-34. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"agreed"
20、B-35. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"a lot"
21、B-36. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"hospital"
22、B-37. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"not to"
23、 one is the best to fill in theblank?"to forget"
24、 one is the best to fill in theblank?"went out"
25、B-40. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"cooking"
26、 bought several clothes shops and prepared to build up a chain.她买下了几家服装店，并且准备建立连锁店。
27、B-42. Compared with the developed countries, some African countries are left far behind in terms of people’ s living standard."与发达国家相
比，一些非洲国家在人民生活水平上还相差甚远。"
28、B-43. No matter how long or short the letter is, what really counts is that it’ s heart-warming.
"信的长短无所谓，关键是它能温暖人心。"
29、 computers, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work and replace man.
"尽管电子计算机有许多优点，可是它不能进行创造性工作．也不能代替人类。"
30、B-45. It must be admitted that a good deal of dissatisfaction is reflected in those report.
"必须承认，这些报道反应了很多不满情绪。"
31、B-PassageOne 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题，请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The latest
in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.
According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey（猎物）using both their ears and an inborn（天生
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的） understanding off how the physical world works. In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a
container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled （发出响声）;others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an
object fell out and sometimes it didn't. It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped
over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container
behaved as expected. "Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,"lead researcher
Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats' hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to
infer where prey is, using their hearing. Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to
engage in what's called "preferential looking"---looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal. When
babies' expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have
shown that babies apparently expect their world to comply with the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age. Does the
study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe. Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at
America's most important research universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they've shown that the divide between cats and humans
may not be that great after all.
1、What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.
2、What may account for the cats' response to the noise from the containers?Their mastery of cause and effect.
3、What is characteristic of the way cats hunt, according to the Japanese researchers?They rely mainly on their hearing.
4、In what way do babies behave like cats?They focus on what appears odd.
5、What can we conclude about cats from the passage?They interact with the physical world much like humans.
32、B-Passage Two 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Imagine you
enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedals（踏板）.Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest
route will take us minutes. Should I take it?” You say “yes” and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you
have to do is sit back and relax. How weird would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no insults, no cutting
in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town
budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets. A new technology has the potential to change modern society in radical ways. There’s no
question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road
accidents in the U. S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually- or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom.
Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels and dependency on non-renewable fuels.
Roads would be quieter, people safer. But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their
livelihoods. According to the . Department of Labor, in May 2020 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking
Association lists approximately million professional truck drivers in the . The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be
partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new technology.
This is similar to what’s happening in the coal and oil industries, a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country. New
technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the
companies and state agencies involved to consider ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.
1、What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars?It would save local governments a lot of money.
2、How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars?They could enjoy greater mobility.
3、What would be the negative impact of driverless cars?
Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.
4、What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries?Political dissatisfaction.
5、What does the author suggest businesses and the government do? Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.
33、B-Passage Three 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Why do some
people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect
does your personality have on your longevity（长寿）? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the
American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at
least study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic（神经质的）than other people. Long-living
women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you
would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough
, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to
live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no
relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their you can successfully change
your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should
strive to be as outgoing as , another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity.
That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely
to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed
moms end up dying isn't destiny（命运）, and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that
long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
1、The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is _____.
to see whether people's personality affects their life span
2、What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?
They have a good understanding of evolution.
3、What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
4、What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?
Mothers' influence on children may last longer than fathers'.
Mothers' negative personality characteristics may affect their children's life span.
5、What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?
Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.
34、B-46-2 Writing 写作（满分 10 分） 要求在 30 分钟内，根据下面所给的题目与所给写作要求，用英语写出一篇不少于 150 词的
短文。 We Shouldn't Totally Turn to the Internet 请依照以下写作要求进行写作： 1、现在不少人一遇到问题就
上网搜答案 2、这种现象可能产生的影响 3、你认为应该怎么做请不要使用附件或者图片形式提交！！！请不要使用附件或
者图片形式提交！！！请不要使用附件或者图片形式提交！！！
答案：Nowadays Internet has become an indispensable part in our life, and we use it for various purposes, such as searching useful information and
chatting online. However, now more and more people turn to the Internet for help whenever they have trouble in finding solutions to their
problems and this phenomenon has aroused the public's attention. Relying on the Internet to solve all our difficulties can have bad impacts on us.
On the one hand, since we can always settle the troubles by searching solutions online, we can become very lazy and don't bother to think up
answers by ourselves, which can hinder the development of creative thinking. On the other hand, the answers online may be inaccurate or wrong. If
we use them without thinking the credibility of them, we may make serious mistakes someday. As far as I'm concerned, we shouldn't completely
depend on the Internet to settle problems. When we come across some difficulties, we'd better try our best to find possible we make great
efforts and still can't come up with an answer, then we can surf online to search solutions. But we should question the correctness of these answers
before we adopt them.
1、C-1. —— This caseis too heavy for me to carry upstairs. —— _"Youmaydo me a favor."_________
2、C-2. —— Shall we sit up here on the grass or down there near the water? —— __"I’d rather stay here if you don’t mind."___
3、C-3. A successful lawyer usuallyhas to talk to several _"clients"____a day.
4、C-4. It doesn’t matter where the companiesget their money; what ____"counts"______ is what they do with it.
5、C-5. Some developed countries are trying to _"dealwith" ____ the problems resulting from the energy crisis.
6、C-6. If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, _"have"____ him or her leave a message.
7、C-7. _"Besides"____the gold medal he received a sum of money.
8、C-8. Eggs, though rich in nourishment, have ___"a large amount of"_______fat.
9、C-9. Most people were greatly shocked by the news __"that"________ the famous company had gone bankrupt.
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10、C-10. I wouldprobably try to find a better job if I ___"were"_______ in your position.
11、C-11. ____"While"______ salaries may not be satisfactory, working as an assistant does have some other benefits.
12、C-12. Oneofthedifficult tasks of managers is _"to figure out"____ how to engage their employees.
13、C-13. Youneedtoconsider either a paid or volunteer bridge job while __"seeking"___ full-time work.
14、C-14. Sincethe beginning of last year, these regulations __"have introduced"___ in most workplaces across the city.
15、C-15. I hadto wait for another month to be able to have my air conditioner __"fixed"___.
16、C-31 至 C-40 为完型填空题，阅读材料中共包含 10 个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分有 4 个选项，请从 A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me C-31 a question. But many
times I have asked myself. I have C-32 a whole variety of reasons. C-33 important reason is that I want to be a better man. Many things make
human beings different C-34 or better than or even superior to animals. One of the most important things is C-35. If I fail to receive higher
education, my education C-36 . As I want to be a fully C-37 man, I must get a well-rounded education, which good colleges and universities are
supposed to C-38. I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are C-39 the best places to teach me how to educate
myself. Only when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and
16、C-40 fit into one is the best to fill in theblank?"such"
17、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。C-32. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"come up with"
18、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。C-33. Which one is the best to fill in theblank？"The most"
19、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。 one is the best to fill in theblank?"from"
20、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。C-35. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"education"
21、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。 one is the best to fill in theblank?"will not finish"
22、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。C-37. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"developed"
23、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。C-38. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"provide"
24、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。C-39. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"among"
25、阅读 C-31 题干中材料，完成本题。C-40. Which one is the best to fill in theblank?"be able to better"
26、 this agreement is signed by the two parties, both parties shall strictly abide by it.
"在双方签约后，各方应严格遵守本协议。"
27、C-42. The farmer can continue to support himself and his family only if he produces a surplus.
"只有当拥有盈余时，农民才能持续地供养自己和家人。"
28、C-43. A careers adviser provides information, advice and guidance to help people make realistic choices about their education, training and
work.
"职业顾问提供信息、咨询和指导，帮助人们对自己的教育、培训和工作做出现实选择。"
29、C-44. Our management technique has been proven to be the most effective way to get into a target market and acquire potential customers.
"我们的管理技术业已证明是进入目标市场并获得潜在客户的最有效途径。"
30、C-45. Our program is aimed to train the right candidates in all aspects of business and marketing as well as in communication and team
leadership."我们的项目旨在培养商务和营销各方面的合格后备人才，及交际人才和团队领导人才。"
31、C-Passage One 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Losing your ability
to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia（痴呆症） increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably
needn't worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory age 50, it's quite common to have
trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's Hospital in brain
ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in
brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels the
name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it,
that's far more concerning, Daffner you forget entire experiences, he says, that's "a red flag that something more serious may be
involved." Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many
times before can also be signs of something going even then, Daffner says, people shouldn't panic. There are many things that can cause
confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as
well as medications（药物）like don't have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on
medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by
building up your brain's cognitive（认知的）reserve, Daffner says."Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to
think in novel ways," he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain
booster.
1、Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slips?ANot all of them are symptoms of dementia.
2、What happens as we become aged according to the passage?Communication within our brain weakens.
3、Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?Totally forgetting how to do one's daiy lroutines.
4、What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?Turn to a professional for assistance.
5、What is Dr. Daffner's advice for combating memory loss?Staying active both physically and mentally.
32、C-Passage Two 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Living in an urban
area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a
green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from
the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or
anxiety. "There could be a number of reasons," he said, "for example, people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive for promotion
or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baseline levels
of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don't make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery（彩票）winners who
had won more than ￡500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."Dr. White said
his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the effect also
disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of
what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other
things that we think will make us happy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more
sensible decisions and communicated a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and a positive impact
on human well-being, Dr. White said, "There's growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at
a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces."
1、According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?Add to their sustained happiness.
2、What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?Earn more money.
3、What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?
How strong its positive effect its positive effect lasts.
4、What did Dr. White's research reveal about people living in a green environment?
Their communication with others improved.
5、ccording to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more green spaces in cities?Find financial support.
33、C-Passage Three 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。You probably
know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three state-of-the-art（先进的）ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built
by the Harland Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company. The Olympic class included the Olympic, the Britannic
and the Titanic. What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn't even the flagship of this class. All in all, the Olympic class ships were marvels of
sea engineering, but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly the
Britannic in 1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the
meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology, and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some
time. However, all suffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did, but it was the only one to survive
and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster,
the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by
exhausted crews below deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship's smoke stacks, but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature
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and served no functional purpose. While two of these ships sank, they were all designed with double hulls（船体）believed to make them
"unsinkable", perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic's and the Britannic's tragic Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and
went on to serve as a hospital ship and troop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken out of service in 1935, ending the era of the
luxurious Olympic class ocean liners.
1、What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships?They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
2、What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
3、What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?It was a mere piece of decoration.
4、What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?
The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.
5、What happened to the ship Olympic in the end?She was retired after her naval service.
1、D-1. —— Excuse me, how much is the T-shirt? —— It’s 100 Yuan. __"Would you like to try it on?"___
2、D-2. —— We are going to have a party tonight. Would you like to join us?—— _"I’m afraid not, I can't miss my evening class."___.
3、D-3. The police are trying to find out the ___"identity"__ of the bank robber.
4、D-4. I often watch the boys ___"to play"__ basketball on the weekend.
5、 much has ourcompany __"brought in"___lastyear?
6、 look tired. Do you _"feel like having"____a rest?
7、 at the door stood a girl about the same height __"asyours"
8、D-8. When the subway is completed, we _"will be able to"____ get to downtown area easily.
9、!__"Here comes the bus"___
10、 of the artists ___"invited "__ to the party were from America.
11、 is the ability to do the job _"that"____matters not where you come from or what you are
12、D-12. The crazy fans _"had been waiting"____patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
13、D-13. Heis one of the boys who _"havecome;hascome"____ here on time. He is the only one of the boys who _____ here on time.
14、D-14. Thereason__"why"___ she accepted our suggestion is that she believes in us.
15、D-15. Thereisnouse___"arguing"__. Weshouldsolvetheproblem.
16、D-31 至 D-40 为完型填空题，阅读材料中共包含 10 个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分有 4 个选项，请从 A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Farley worked for the Canadian government. One day, he was D-31 to learn more about
wolves. Do wolves kill lots of caribou（北美驯鹿）? Do they kill people? They gave him lots of food and clothes and guns. Then they put him
on a plane and took him to D-32. The plane put him down and went away. There were no houses or people in this place. But there were lots of
animals and lots of wolves. People tell terrible stories about wolves. They say wolves like to kill and eat people. Farley remembered these
stories, and he was D-33. He had his gun with him D-34. Then one day, he saw a group of wolves. There was a mother wolf with four baby
wolves. A father wolf and another young wolf lived with them. Farley watched these wolves every day. The mother was a very D-35 mother.
She gave milk to her babies. She gave them lessons about life. They learned how to D-36 food. The father wolf got food for the mother. The young
wolf D-37 the children. They were a nice, happy family—wolf family! Farley did not need his D-38 anymore. In a short time, he got on well with
the family. Farley watched them for five months. He learned that many stories about the wolves were D-39. Wolves do not eat people, and they do
not eat many large animals. And he also learned bad things about men. It was men who killed many caribou and wolves. Later, Farley wrote a
book about wolves. He wanted people to
16、D-40 them and not to kill -31. Which one is the best to fill in theblank？"told"
17、D-32. Which one is the best to fill in theblank？"a far place"
18、D-33. Which one is the best to fill in theblank？"afraid"
19、 one is the best to fill in theblank？"all the time"
20、 one is the best to fill in theblank？"good"
21、D-36. Which one is the best to fill in theblank？"get"
22、D-37. Which one is the best to fill in theblank？"played with"
23、D-38. Which one is the best to fill in theblank？"gun"
24、。 one is the best to fill in theblank？"not true"
25、 one is the best to fill in theblank?"understand"
26、D-41. The focus is to prepare them for a position as the general manager of a location, overseeing the marketing and sales campaigns.
"我们的重点是培养他们做好准备去担任一个地区的总经理，监管市场营销和销售活动。"
27、D-42. These programs are important to business success and will also contribute to the community at large.
"这些项目对商业的成功至关重要，还会在总体上对社区做出贡献。"
28、D-43. Once we get these details in order, we should be ready to present our final report to the president.
"—旦我们把这些细节问题整理好，就应该可以把最终报告呈交给董事长了。"
29、D-44. Buyers and sellers will find the latest property prices, photos, and home selling information on our leading website!在我们的主网站上，
买家和卖家都可以查到最新的房产价格、照片以及房屋出售等信息。
30、D-45. We have been doing business with you for many years and hope that you will make the best offer for us.
"我们同你们有多年的生意往来，希望能够给予我们最佳报价。"
31、D-Passage One 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As a
volunteer, John Apollos is losing weight-the old-fashioned way-by eating less. Apollos has lowered his daily caloric intake 25% over the past eight
months. The fat, not surprisingly, has melted away. But that's not the real reason Apollos and the other participants in the program are eating only
three-quarters of what they used to. The researchers are trying to determine whether restricting food intake can slow the ageing process and extend
our lifespan. "I feel better and lighter and healthier," says Apollos. "But if it could help you live longer, that would be pretty amazing."The idea is
counterintuitive: If we eat to live, how can starving ourselves add years to our lives? Yet decades of calorie-restriction studies involving organisms
ranging from microscopic yeast to rats have shown just that. Last July a long-term study led by researchers at the University of Wisconsin, found that
calorie restriction seemed to extend the lives of humanlike rhesus monkeys（恒河猴）as well. The hungry primates fell victim to diabetes, heart and
brain disease and cancer much less frequently than their well-fed counterparts have suspected that calorie restriction could extend the
lifespan of animals since at least 1935, when researchers at Cornell University noticed that severely food-restricted lab rats lived twice as long as
normal ones and were healthier. Other investigators began exploring the idea and learned that the secret is not merely a matter of body
theory is that a state of slight hunger acts as a mild but constant stressor that makes an organism stronger and more resistant to the ills of ageing.
Taking in fewer calories also slows metabolism（新陈代谢）and some data indicate that humans with a slower metabolism live longer. But even if
these theories are correct, simply defining the mechanism is not the same as identifying the molecular pathways behind it. If researchers could
determine those pathways, they might be able to pharmacologically mimic（模仿）the effect of calorie restriction. That could be the ultimate benefit
of the calorie study. “Calorie restriction is pretty much the only thing out there that we know will not just prevent disease but also extend maximal
lifespan,”says Dr. Marc Hellerstein, a nutritionist at the University of California.
1、The purpose of keeping diet for John Apollos and other participants is to_____.
prove if eating less food can extend lifespan and keep young
2、What's the meaning of "counterintuitive" (Line 1,)?Unconventional.
3、What does the research on rhesus monkeys imply?
Calorie restriction can help people suffer fewer diseases.
4、From Dr. Marc Hellerstein's words, we can infer that _________.
effective calorie restriction makes us healthier and live longer
5、What is the maimn idea of this passage?
Keeping calorie restriction effectively makes one live longer.
32、D-Passage Two 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。You may know
the feeling. It's the late afternoon, and you still haven't left the house. You've spent the last several hours on your phone, scrolling through your
Facebook news feed, refreshing Twitter and watching YouTube videos. A smartphone might feel like it's keeping you connected, but it can also be a
way of secluding from a recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine found that
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the scenario described above---high volume of phone use and a static（静止的）geographic location---could be linked to depression. The study,
published in The Journal of Medical Internet Research, also found that depressed people, on average, spend more time on the phone than
non-depressed are likely, when on their phones, to avoid thinking about things that are troubling, painful feelings or difficult
relationships," said David Mohr, one of the study's senior authors and a professor of behavioral psychology at Northwestern, in a statement. "It's an
avoidance behavior we see in depression." Mohr also pointed out that depressed people tend to withdraw emotionally and avoid going
out---behaviors that are arguably facilitated by the constant entertainment stream available on study's participants consisted of a
mix of people with and without prior depression. They completed a questionnaire describing their symptoms before agreeing to have their phone use
monitored for two weeks. Using GPS, the researchers tracked their location and the amount of time they spent on the phone. They were then able to
identify which participants were depressed using the aggregated phone data, with 87 percent Saeb, a research fellow at
Northwestern, said in the release that phones could be more reliable for diagnosing depression than traditional methods. In standard industry practice,
patients are often asked to describe their symptoms by indicating how sad they are on a scale of 1 to 10. According to Saeb, the release reported,
these responses can be rote and unreliable. In contrast, the study found, a smartphone can unobtrusively（不引人注目地）and accurately measure a
patient's daily activity, providing data that could trigger a health care provider to recognize the need for an intervention.
1、What is the author's opinion about using a smartphone?It keeps people apart from others.
2、What can be learned from the study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University?
Depressed people tend to spend more time on phones than others.
3、According to Mohr, why do depressed people focus on phones?They tend to temporarily forget about unhappiness.
4、What do we know about traditional methods for diagnosing depression?
Patients indicate their sadness on a scale of 1 to 10.
5、Patients' daily activities can be measured by smartphones so that can get timely health care if needed
33、D-Passage Three 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。People tend
to have one of three beliefs about the meaning of work and which category you fall into largely depends on your parents, according to new research
from the University of Michigan. Workers who are job-oriented are those just trying to make a living who much prefer the activities they pursue
outside of the office. Career-oriented adults---your typical "workaholic" ---value the social status and prestige（声望）that comes with professional
achievement, and derive much of their identity from their jobs. Calling-oriented people do work that they are passionate about because they want to
have a positive impact on the the first empirical（以实验为依据的）study into how these orientations originate, researchers found that how
adolescents（青少年）perceive their parents' work ethic is central to the development of their own work 's not a straightforward transfer of
values. People who perceive their father to have a strong career-orientation are more likely to be career-oriented themselves---but career-determined
mothers have no effect on their kids' work orientation. The researchers attributed this to generational gender norms. When he study's participants
were teenagers, mostly in the 1980s, men were more commonly employed outside of the home and were more likely than women to hold "career"
jobs with opportunity for do have a notable effect on whether children have a job-orientation mentality. Adolescents who are
close to their mothers are less likely to view work as just a job when they grow up, probably because they've been raised to value social, rather than
instrumental, life both parents display the same work ethic has an amplified（增强的）influence, but only in the case of
calling-oriented offspring （子女）. As our capitalist society favors money and professional achievement, a child with two calling-oriented parents
is more likely to have the confidence to ignore these societal pressures and pursue her can affect their parents' work ethic, too.
Allowing people to bring their children into the office has been shown to boost efficiency and productivity---and could help raise that next generation
of career-oriented workers.
1、What does the author say about a typical workaholic?They value the respect for what they do.
2、What plays a vital part in the forming of teenagers' work attitudes?
Their perception of their parents' work ethic.
3、Why do career-oriented fathers have more influence than career-determined mothers on children's work attitude?
Because most of the participants' fathers were more likely to have career jobs than their mothers.
4、Why are children who are close to mothers less likely to be job-oriented?
Because they attach importance to social life experiences.
5、Which is the benefit of allowing people to bring their children into the office?
It helps children to become career-oriented workers.
A1. —— How are you getting along with your study?Fine. What about you?
A2. ——Peter, ?—— Not too bad .what’s up
A3. Mary wanted to avoid running down a dog but ran . into
A4. On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several a day. clients
A5. This new machine is technically far superior to the previous type.
A6. Climate change will greatly . reduce wheat and rice production if nations don’t take steps now.
A 7. Without my glasses I can hardly make out what has been written in the letter.
A 8. Dogs have a very good . sense of smell and are often used to search for survivors in anearthquake.
A 9. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child. where
A 10. Helen had to shout to make herself hear above the sound of the music.
A 11. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures inyour mind instead of before your eyes forming
A 12. Whatever makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A 13. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people to enjoy begin the advantages of this new technology.
A 14. Had you come ten minutes earlier, you wouldn’t have missed the train. But you were late.
A 15. So many representatives being absent , the conference had to be put off.
II. Cloze 完型填空（单选题）（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，共 20 分）
A-31 至 A-40 为完型填空题，阅读材料中共包含 10 个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中
空缺部分有 4 个选项，请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Your body, which has close relations __A-31__ the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper __ A-32__and proper
nourishment (营养). The old saying “An apple a
day keeps the doctor__ A-33__” is not as silly as some people think.
The body needs__ A-34__and vegetables because they contain vitamin C. Many people take
extra vitamins __ A-35__pill form, believing that these will make them healthy.
But a good __ A-36__is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need.
The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, __ A-37__why waste money on them?
In the modern western world, many people are __ A-38__busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating
hurriedly and __ A-39__. The list of illnesses
caused or made worse by bad eating __ A-40__is frightening.
A-31. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?with
A-32. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?treatment
A-33. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? alone
A-34. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?. fruits
A-35. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?on
A-36. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A-37. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? however
A-38. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? too
A-39. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?carelessly
A-40. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? habits
A-41. It is possible that your company is facing difficulties of which we are not aware.
. 有可能你公司正在面临些困难，都是我们不了解的。
A-42. The director is disappointed because he has not found anyone in the applicants who is
particularly qualified for this job.
已经任命了主任， 因为只有他有能力去寻找适合做这项工作的求职者。 B. 已经任命了主任，因为只有他才有资格去挑选肯做这项
工作的求职者。 C. 主任非常失望， 因为他还没有在这些求职者中发现具有特殊资质的人。
A-43. We believe that quality is the soul of an enterprise, which is the reason why we attach great
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importance to quality control.
C. 我们相信质量是企业的灵魂， 所以我们高度重视质量控制。
A-44. In addition to his major, John had taken up some courses on economics in college so that he
could find a good job after graduation.
A. 除所学的专业外，约翰在大学还选修了一些经济学课程，以便毕业后能找到一份好工作。
B. A-45. If the delivery time indicated is 14 days, the goods will be sent to you within this time
regardless of when the order is placed.
B.如果交货时间显示的是 14 天， 无论何时订货，货物都将在 14 天内送达你处。
IV. Reading Comprehension 阅读理解（综合题）（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
The AlphaGo program’s victory is an example of how smart computers have become.
But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?
One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act
ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will
face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at
risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog?
What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?
Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent
beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.
About the sametime as AlphaGo’s triumph, Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages
from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability
to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying
nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.
AlphaGo’s victory and Taylor’s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with
clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different t use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the
surface a troubling software problem.
Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns AlphaGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said people will be the winner,
whatever the outcome. AdvancesinAI will
make human beings smarter, more able and “just better human beings.”
1. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo’svictory? Computers can become highly intelligent.
3. What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?
How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.
4. What do we learn about Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ Taylor? She could not distinguish good from bad.
5. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?It will prove to be an asset to human beings.
A- Passage Two
阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题， 请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白
处的最佳选项。
Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget maybe turn in friends away from your home. The elephant in
your living room is your Internet-connected security camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to
think about the effect these devices may have on houseguests. Should you tell your friends,
for instance, that they’re being recorded while you all watch the big game together?
“It’s certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to install,” says Lizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute,
America’s foremost manners advisors. “I think it will be very interesting to see what etiquette(礼仪) emerges in terms of whether you tell people you
have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it’s not a security
issue. “
Post wants to make clear that she’s not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preferences. She also wants to explain that there are no right or
wrong answers regarding manners on this front yet, because the technology is just now becoming mainstream. Besides, the Emily Post Institute
doesn’t dictate manners.
When it comes to security cameras, Post says it’s a host’s responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home. ”I’m always a fan of
being open and honest.” For instance, if the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that
maybe enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.
However, if a contractor is working in your home, you don’t need to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the air of accountability
that the camera generates can also work in contractors’ favor. ”If anything does go wrong while they’re in the house, they don’t want to be blamed
for it,” she says. ”In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn’t steal the$ 20, or knock the vase off the table.”
1. For what reason may your friends feel reluctant to visit your home?
The security camera installed may intrude into their privacy.
2. What does Lizzie Post say is new territory? Etiquette around home security cameras.
3. What is Lizzie Post mainly discussing with regard to the use of home security cameras?Likes and dislikes of individuals.
4. What is a host’s responsibility regarding security cameras, according to Lizzie Post?
Making their guests feel at ease.
5. In what way can the home security camera benefit visitors to your home? It can prove their innocence.
阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
PepsiCo is to spend billions of dollars to develop drinks and snacks and reformulate existing ones with lower sugar, salt and fat, as consumers
demand healthier options and regulatory pressure
intensifies amid an obesity epidemic（流行病）.
The maker of Mountain Dew and Gatorade has been one of the earlier movers in the industry to offer products with reduced levels of unhealthy
ingredients-PepsiCo claims a packet of its chips now contains less salt than a slice of white bread. However, its new 10-year plan makes clear
itbelieves it still has a long way to go.
Shifting eating habits, including a sharp drop in consumption of sparkling drinks, have forced radical change on the industry. But those shifts have
yet to be reflected in record obesity levels,
which stand at % overall in the US.
Indra Nooyi, PepsiCo chairman, said the plan to make its products healthier was important for the company’s growth. But on the subject of obesity,
she pointed out that consumers ’ lifestyles have changed significantly, with many people being more sedentary(久坐不动的) not least because
more time is spent in front of computers. She said PepsiCo’s contribution was to produce healthier snacks that still tasted good.
“Society has to change its habits,” she added. ”We can’t do much to alter sedentary lifestyles, but we can provide consumers with great-tasting
products, low in salt, sugar and fat. In the past we
had to have a taste trade-off. But we’re breaking that trade-off.”
PepsiCo’s plan for its foods and drinks is based on guidelines from the World Health Organization, which last week backed
using taxes on sparkling drinks to reduce sugar consumption. Initiatives also include efforts to reduce its environmental impact, water consumption
and materials
used in packaging by 2025.
PepsiCo did not say exactly how much it planned to invest to reach its goals. However, Dr Mehmood Khan, chief scientific officer, said the
company had doubled research and development spending in the past five years and was “committed to sustaining investment”,
adding that companies cannot cost-cut their way to increasing sales. PepsiCo’s research and development
budget in 2015 was $754 million.
1. Why is PepsiCo making a policy change? To satisfy the growing needs for healthy foods.
2. What does PepsiCo think it will have to do in the future? Keep on improving its products.
3. Why does PepsiCo plan to alter its products, according to Indra Nooyi?
To help improve its consumers’ lifestyles.
4. What does Indra Nooyi say about the obesity epidemic? It is attributable to people’s changed lifestyles.
5. What has PepsiCo been doing to achieve its objective?Increasing its research funding.
V. Writing 写作（满分 10 分）
060051 大学英语（B）（1）
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A-46-2 要求在 30 分钟内，根据下面所给的题目与所给段首第一句，用英语写出一篇不少于
150 词的短文。
Travelling
1. People who like travelling have their reasons.
2. Those who dislike travelling have their reasons.
3. In practice, travelling does more good than harm.
答：People who like travelling have their reasons. They maintain that travelling can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially
geographical and historical learning. They go on to point out that touring will provide more chance for them to enjoy food and try on clothes that
they otherwise cannot possibly have.
Those who dislike travelling have their reasons. They would argue that travelling means a considerable amount of money and energy. For example,
traffic and accommodation require money walking while seeing sights often tires you.
In practice, travelling does more good than harm. If you finance and health permit, you might as well do some travelling ｆｒｏｍ time to time.
It will at least enable you to get familiar with people and thing that you will probably grow to like and love.
I ．Vocabulary & Structure 单选题（词汇与结构单选题/单选题）（15 题，每题 2 分，共 30 分)
B- 1. —— How are you feeling?—— Much better. Thanks for coming to see me.
B-2. —— Could you be so kind as to turn down the music? I’m preparing for final . I’m sorry to disturb you.
B-3. It’s normal that everyone fails every now and then. It is how you react that makes a difference
B-4. You should take the medicine now. It will relieve you pain in your stomach.
B-5. Did you her offer? I’m afraid she will be disappointed. turn down
B-6. Neither Peter turn down his father was able to wake up early enough to have breakfast.
B-7. —— What will you buy for your mother’sbirthday?
—— I want to buy a small red leather wallet for him.
B-8. I have to leave for London to attend a meeting. I’ll be back in days. a few
B-9. When we receive the goods you return to us, you D. will get a full refund with a week.
B- 10. The new staff resigned last Monday after being asked to work overtime.
B- 11. It was these small differences that finally led him to be successful.
B- 12. Only after his father saw the train disappear in sight did he leave the railway station.
B- 13. The company has decided to donate funds to charities, helps to promote its image. which
B- 14. Young people are sharing more information about themselves on social media sites now than did
B- 15. My boss refused to give me a pay rise, no matter how hard I worked.
II. Cloze 完型填空（单选题）（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，共 20 分）
Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had 1 money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived
next to him. He found the boy 2 and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and 3
all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work.
Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young man 4 and several
years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for
her. He was good at cooking and he cooked 5 for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was
something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn’t at home and she had to go to 6 at once. The doctors looked her over and told her 7
eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid 8 the doctor’s words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she
got home, she put the list on the table and 9 . When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate
in the kitchen. Charlie was busy 10 there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, “I’ve bought all the food you like, dear!”
1. A no B some C much D enough no
2. 2. A lazy B clever C careful D hard clever
3. A did well in B was poor at C was working D was good for did well in
4. 4. A was angry B thought hard C agreed D said “No.” agreed
5. A a little B a few C many D a lot a lot
6. A rest B sleep C hospital D work hospital
7. A should B would C to D not to not to
8. A to remember B to forget C to catch D to teach (to forget
9. A slept B went out C cooked D ate went out
10. A reading B seeing C cooking D writing cooking
IV. Reading Comprehension 阅读理解（综合题）（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
B-Passage One
阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题， 请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The latest in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the
laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.
According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey（猎物） using both their ears and an inborn（天
生的） understanding off how the physical world works.
In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team membershook. Some containers rattled
（发出响声） ; others did not. When the container
was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimes it didn’t.
It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the
bottom of a rattling container, they looked
at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.
“Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,” lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a
press release. The researchers conclude that cats’ hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is,
using their hearing.
Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential
looking”---looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal.
When babies’ expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists
have shown that babies apparently expect
their world to comply with the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.
Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe. Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty
members at America’s most important research universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats
and humans may not be that great after all.
1. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?They have anatural ability to locate animals they hunt.
2. What may account for the cats’ response to the noise from the containers?Their mastery of cause and effect.
3. What is characteristic of the way cats hunt, according to the Japanese researchers? They rely mainly on their hearing.
4. In what way do babies behave like cats? They focus on what appears odd.
5. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?They interact with the physical world much like humans.
B-Passage Two 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题， 请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白
处的最佳选项。
Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedals（踏板）.Under a voice-activated command, you say an address.
“The fastest route will take us minutes. Should I take it?” You say “yes” and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by
itself.
All you have to do is sit back and relax.
How weird would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no insults, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected
and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding
and parking tickets.
A new technology has the potential to change modern society in radical ways. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could bean enormous
benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U. S. involve human error. Older drivers
060051 大学英语（B）（1）
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and visually- or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars
would drastically reduce pollution levels and
dependency on non-renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.
But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods. According to the .
Department of Labor, in May 2020 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking Association lists approximately
million professional truck drivers in the .
The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce,
many of whom will be displaced by the new technology. This is similar to what’s happening in the coal and oil industries, a situation that
fuels much of the current political discontent in this country.
New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the
companies and state agencies involved to consider
ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.
1. What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars? It would save local governments a lot of money.
2. How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars? They could enjoy greater mobility.
3. What would be the negative impact of driverless cars?
Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.
4. What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries?Political dissatisfaction.
5. What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.
B-Passage Three 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc.
But what effect does your personality have on your longevity（长寿） ? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had
lived to be at least 100.
The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic （神经质的） than other people. Long-living
women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you
would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough
times.
Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to
live longer. Those who were more self- disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had
no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways. Whether you can successfully
change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you
want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked
at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids
unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying
younger.
Personality isn’t destiny（命运） , and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter
of your physical health but of your mentalhealth.
1. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is .
to see whether people’s personality affects their life span
2. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people? They are more likely to get over hardship.
3. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
4. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?
Mothers ’negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s life span.
5. What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?
Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.
V. Writing 写作（满分 10 分）
B-46-2 要求在 30 分钟内，根据下面所给的题目与所给写作要求，用英语写出一篇不少于
150 词的短文。
We Shouldn’t Totally Turn to the Internet
1. 现在不少人一遇到问题就上网搜答案
2. 这种现象可能产生的影响
3. 你认为应该怎么做
答：Nowadays Internet has become an indispensable part in our life, and we use it for various purposes, such as searching useful information and
chatting online. However, now more and more people turn to the Internet for help whenever they have trouble in finding solutions to their problems
and this phenomenon has aroused the public's attention.
Relying on the Internet to solve all our difficulties can have bad impacts on us. On the one hand, since we can always settle the troubles by
searching solutions online, we can become very lazy and don't bother to think up answers by ourselves, which can hinder the development of
creative thinking. On the other hand, the answers online may be inaccurate or wrong. If we use them without thinking the credibility of them, we
may make serious mistakes someday.
As far as I'm concerned, we shouldn't completely depend on the Internet to settle problems. When we come across some difficulties, we'd better
try our best to find possible we make great efforts and still can't come up with an answer, then we can surf online to search solutions. But
we should question the correctness of these answers before we adopt them.
C- 1. —— This case is too heavy forme to carry upstairs. Let me give
C-2. —— Shall we sit up here on the grass or down there near the water?I’d rather stay here if you don’t mind.
C-3. A successful lawyer usually has to talk to several clients
C-4. It doesn’t matter where the companies get their money; what is what they do with
C-5. Some developed countries are trying to deal with the problems resulting from the energycrisis.
C-6. If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, have him or her leave a message.
C-7. Besides the gold medal he received a sum of money.
C-8. Eggs, though rich in nourishment, have a large amount of fat.
C-9. Most people were greatly shocked by the news that the famous company had gonebankrupt.
C- 10. I would probably try to find a better job if I were in your position.
C- 11. While salaries may not be satisfactory, working as an assistant does have some otherbenefits.
C- 12. One of the difficult tasks of managers is to figure out how to engage their employees.
C- 13. You need to consider either a paid or volunteer bridge job while full-time work. seeking
C- 14. Since the beginning of last year, these regulations have introduced in most workplaces across thecity.
C- 15. I had to wait for another month to be able to have my air conditioner fixed .
II. Cloze 完型填空（单选题）（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，共 20 分）
Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me __ C-31 _ a question. But many times I have asked myself. I have __ C-32__ a whole
variety of reasons. __ C-33__ important reason
is that I want to be a better man.
Manythings make human beings different __ C-34__ or better than or even superior to animals. One of the most important things is __ C-35__. If I
fail to receive higher education, my education __ C-36__. As I want to be a fully __ C-37__ man, I must get a well-rounded education, which good
colleges and universities are supposed to __ C-38__. I know one can get educated in many ways,
but colleges and universities are __ C-39__ the best places to teach me how to educate myself. Only
when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and __ C-40__ fit into society.
C-31. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? such
C-32. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? come up with
C-33. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?The most
C-34. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? from
C-35. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?education
060051 大学英语（B）（1）
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C-36. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?will not finish
C-37. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?developed
C-38. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? provide
C-39. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? among
C-40. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?be able to better
III. Translation 英译汉（单选题）（共 5 小题；每小题 4 分，共 20 分）
C-41. After this agreement is signed by the two parties, both parties shall strictly abide by it.
在双方签约后，各方应严格遵守本协议。
C-42. The farmer can continue to support himself and his family only if he produces a surplus.
只有当拥有盈余时， 农民才能持续地供养自己和家人。
C-43. A careers adviser provides information, advice and guidance to help people make realistic
choices about their education, training and work.
职业顾问提供信息、咨询和指导， 帮助人们对自己的教育、培训和工作做出现实选择。 C-44. Our management technique has been
proven to be the most effective way to get into a targetmarket and acquire potential customers.
我们的管理技术业已证明是进入目标市场并获得潜在客户的最有效途径。
C-45. Our program is aimed to train the right candidates in all aspects of business and marketing aswell as in communication and team leadership.我
们的项目旨在培养商务和营销各方面的合格后备人才，及交际人才和团队领导人才。
IV. Reading Comprehension 阅读理解（综合题）（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia（痴 呆症） increases with age. But if you have memory
slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are
pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and
things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and
planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood
vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember
even seeing it, that’s far more concerning,
Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious maybe involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar
object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of
somethinggoing wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems
like temporary stoppage of breathing during
sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications（药物） like antidepressants.
You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues
that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive（认知的）
reserve, Daffner says.
“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy
and working. And also get physically active,because exercise is a known brain booster.
1. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
2. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?Communication within our brain weakens.
3. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
4. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?Turn to a professional for assistance.
5. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss?Staying active both physically and mentally.
C-Passage Two 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题， 请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Living in an urbanarea with green spaces has along-lasting positive impact on people’s mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers
found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author
Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer
signs of depression or anxiety. “There could be a number of reasons,” he said, “for example, people do manythings to make themselves happier:
they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to
their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don’t make us happy in the long term. We found that for some
lottery（彩票） winners who had won more than £500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to
the baseline.”
Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people’s sense of well-being or whether
the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the
University of Essex.
Explaining what the data revealed, he said: “What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other
things that we think will make us happy.” He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more
sensible decisions and communicated better.
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and a positive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said,
“There’s growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide where
the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces.”
1. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?Add to their sustained happiness.
2. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?Earn more money.
3. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area? How long its positive effect lasts.
4. What did Dr. White’s research reveal about people living in a green environment?
Their communication with others improved.
5. According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more green spaces in cities?
Find financial support.
C-Passage Three 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题,请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
You probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three state-of-the-art（先进的）ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class
ships were built by the Harland & Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company. The Olympic class included the
Olympic, the Britannic and the Titanic. What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn’t even the flagship of this class. All in all, the Olympic class
ships were marvels of sea engineering, but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.
The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly the Britannic in 1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line
decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the water.
Stretching meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology, and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for
quite some time. However, all suffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did, but it was the only one
to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this
disaster, the Britannic hit a naval minein 1916 and subsequently sank as well.
Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews
below deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship’s smoke stacks, but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no
functional purpose. While two of these ships sank, they were all designed with double hulls（船体）believed to make them “unsinkable”,perhaps a
mistaken idea that led to the Titanic’s and the Britannic’s tragic end. The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a
hospital ship and troop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken out of service in 1935, ending the era of
the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners.
1. What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships? They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
2. What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships? The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
3. What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?It was amere piece of decoration.
4. What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?
The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.
5. What happened to the ship Olympic in the end? She was retired after her naval service.
060051 大学英语（B）（1）
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D- 1. —— Excuse me,how much is the T-shirt?—— It’s 100 Yuan. Would you like to
D-2. —— We are going to have a party tonight. Would you like to join us?
—— I’m afraid not, I can't miss my evening class.
D-3. The police are trying to find out the identity of the bank robber.
D-4. I often watch the boys play basketball on the weekend.
D-5. How much has our company brought in last year?
D-6. You look tired. Do you feel like having a rest?
D-7. There at the door stood a girl about the same height as yours .
D-8. When the subway is completed, we will be able to get to downtown area easily.
D-9. Look! Here comes the bus .
D- 10. Most of the artists invited to the party were from America.
D- 11. It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.
D- 12. The crazy fans had been waiting patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie stararrived.
D- 13. He is one of the boys who have come; has come here on time. He is the only one of the boys who here on time.
D- 14. The reason why she accepted our suggestion is that she believes inus.
15. There is no use arguing . We should solve the problem.
II. Cloze 完型填空（单选题）（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，共 20 分）
D-31 至 D-40 为完型填空题，阅读材料中共包含 10 个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中
空缺部分有 4 个选项，请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Farley worked for the Canadian government. One day, he was __ D-31__ to learn more about
wolves. Do wolves kill lots of caribou（北美驯鹿）? Do they kill people?
They gave him lots of food and clothes and guns. Then they put him on a plane and took him to __ D-32__. The plane put him down and went
away. There were no houses or people in this place.
But there were lots of animals and lots of wolves.
People tell terrible stories about wolves. They say wolves like to kill and eat people. Farley
remembered these stories, and he was __ D-33__. He had his gun with him D-34_.
Then one day, he saw a group of wolves. There was a mother wolf with four baby wolves. A
father wolf and another young wolf lived with them.
Farley watched these wolves every day. The mother was a very __ D-35__ mother. She gave
milk to her babies. She gave them lessons about life. They learned how to __ D-36__ food. The
father wolf got food for the mother. The young wolf __ D-37__ the children. They were a nice, happy family—wolf family! Farley did not need his
__ D-38__ anymore. In a short time, he got on well with the family. Farley watched them for five months. He learned that many stories about the
wolves were __ D-39__. Wolves do noteat people, and they do noteat many large animals. And he also learned bad things about men. It was men
who killed many caribou and wolves.
Later, Farley wrote a book about wolves. He wanted people to __ D-40__ them and not to kill them.
D-31. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? told
D-32. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? a far place
D-33. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? afraid
D-34. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? all the time
D-35. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? good
D-36. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? get
D-37. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?played with
D-38. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? gun
D-39. Which one is the best to fill in the blank? not true
D-40. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?understand
III. Translation 英译汉（单选题）（共 5 小题；每小题 4 分，共 20 分）D-41 到 D-45 是 5 个英文句子， 针对每个英文句子有 4
个选项，请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中， 选出翻译的最佳选项。
D-41. The focus is to prepare them for a position as the general manager of a location, overseeingthe marketing and sales campaigns. 我们的重
点是培养他们做好准备去担任一个地区的总经理， 监管市场营销和销售活动。
D-42. These programs are important to business success and will also contribute to the communityat large.
这些项目对商业的成功至关重要， 还会在总体上对社区做出贡献。
D-43. Once we get these details in order, we should be ready to present our final report to thepresident.
—旦我们把这些细节问题整理好， 就应该可以把最终报告呈交给董事长了。
D-44. Buyers and sellers will find the latest property prices, photos, and home selling informationon our leading website!
在我们的主网站上，买家和卖家都可以查到最新的房产价格、照片以及房屋出售等信息。
D-45. We have been doing business with you for many years and hope that you will make the best
offer for us. 我们同你们有多年的生意往来，希望能够给予我们最佳报价。
IV. Reading Comprehension 阅读理解（综合题）（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
D-Passage One 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题， 请从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a volunteer, John Apollos is losing weight-the old-fashioned way-by eating less. Apollos has lowered his daily caloric intake 25% over the past
eight months. The fat, not surprisingly, has melted away. But that’s not the real reason Apollos and the other participants in the program are eating
only three-quarters of what they used to. The researchers are trying to determine whether restricting food intake can slow the ageing process and
extend our lifespan. “I feel better and lighter and healthier,” says Apollos. “But if it could help you live longer, that would be pretty amazing.”
The idea is counterintuitive: If we eat to live,how can starving ourselves add years to our lives? Yet decades of calorie-restriction studies involving
organisms ranging from microscopic yeast to rats have shown just that. Last July a long-term study led by researchers at the University of Wisconsin,
found that calorie restriction seemed to extend the lives of humanlike rhesus monkeys （恒河猴） as well. The hungry primates fell victim to
diabetes, heart and brain disease and cancer much less frequently than their well-fed counterparts did.
Scientists have suspected that calorie restriction could extend the lifespan of animals since at least 1935, when researchers at Cornell University
noticed that severely food-restricted labrats lived twice as long as normal ones and were healthier. Other investigators began exploring the idea and
learned that the secret is not merely a matter of body weight.
One theory is that a state of slight hunger acts as a mild but constant stressor that makes an organism stronger and more resistant to the ills of ageing.
Taking in fewer calories also slows metabolism（新陈代谢）, and some data indicate that humans with aslower metabolism live longer. But even if
these theories are correct, simply defining the mechanism is not the same as identifying the molecular pathways behind it. If researchers could
determine those pathways, they might be able to pharmacologically mimic（模仿）the effect of calorie restriction. That could be the ultimate benefit
of the calorie study. “Calorie restriction is pretty much the only thing out there that we know will not just prevent disease but also extend maximal
lifespan,” says Dr. Marc Hellerstein, a
nutritionist at the University of California.
1. The purpose of keeping diet for John Apollos and other participants is to .
prove if eating less food can extend lifespan and keep young
2. What’s the meaning of “counterintuitive” (Line 1,)? Unconventional.
3. What does the research on rhesus monkeys imply? Calorie restriction can help people suffer fewer diseases.
4. From Dr. Marc Hellerstein’swords, we can infer that effective calorie restriction makes us healthier and live longer
5. What is the main idea of this passage? Keeping calorie restriction effectively makes one live longer.
D-Passage Two 阅读所给材料。短文后有 5 个问题， 请从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
You may know the feeling. It’s the late afternoon, and you still haven’t left the house. You’ve
spent the last several hours on your phone, scrolling through your Facebook news feed, refreshing
Twitter and watching YouTube videos. A smartphone might feel like it’s keeping you connected, but
it can also be away of secluding yourself.
060051 大学英语（B）（1）
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Data from a recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine found that the scenario described
above---high volume of phone use and a static （静止的）geographic location---could be linked to depression. The study, published in The Journal
of Medical Internet Research, also found that depressed people, on average, spend more time on the phone than non-depressed people.
“People are likely, when on their phones, to avoid thinking about things that are troubling, painful feelings or difficult relationships,” said David
Mohr, one of the study’s senior authors and a professor of behavioral psychology at Northwestern, in a statement. “It’san avoidance behavior we see
in depression.” Mohr also pointed out that depressed people tend to withdraw emotionally and avoid going out---behaviors that are arguably
facilitated by the constant entertainment stream available on smartphones.
The study’s participants consisted of a mix of people with and without prior depression. They completed a questionnaire describing their symptoms
before agreeing to have their phone use monitored for two weeks. Using GPS, the researchers tracked their location and the amount of time they
spent on the phone. They were then able to identify which participants were depressed using the aggregated phone data, with 87 percent accuracy.
Sohrob Saeb, a research fellow at Northwestern, said in the release that phones could be more reliable for diagnosing depression than traditional
methods. In standard industry practice, patients are often asked to describe thei
